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Loh GOK, Wong EYL, Tan YTF, Heng SC, Saaid M, Cheah KY, Mohd Sali ND, Damenthi N, Ng SSM, Ming LC, Peh KK. Fast and Sensitive HPLC-ESI-MS/MS Method for Etoricoxib Quantification in Human Plasma and Application to Bioequivalence Study. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175706. [PMID: 36080473 PMCID: PMC9457878 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Etoricoxib is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain and inflammation. The objective of the current study was to develop a sensitive, fast and high-throughput HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method to measure etoricoxib levels in human plasma using a one-step methanol protein precipitation technique. A tandem mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source operated in a positive mode and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) were used for data collection. The quantitative MRM transition ions were m/z 359.15 > 279.10 and m/z 363.10 > 282.10 for etoricoxib and IS. The linear range was from 10.00 to 4000.39 ng/mL and the validation parameters were within the acceptance limits of the European Medicine Agency (EMA) and Food and Drug Analysis (FDA) guidelines. The present method was sensitive (10.00 ng/mL with S/N > 40), simple, selective (K prime > 2), and fast (short run time of 2 min), with negligible matrix effect and consistent recovery, suitable for high throughput analysis. The method was used to quantitate etoricoxib plasma concentrations in a bioequivalence study of two 120 mg etoricoxib formulations. Incurred sample reanalysis results further supported that the method was robust and reproducible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Onn Kit Loh
- Bioxis Sdn. Bhd. PMT 1241, Jalan Perindustrian Bukit Minyak 8, Taman Perindustrian Bukit Minyak, Simpang Ampat 14100, Malaysia
| | - Emily Yii Ling Wong
- Bioxis Sdn. Bhd. PMT 1241, Jalan Perindustrian Bukit Minyak 8, Taman Perindustrian Bukit Minyak, Simpang Ampat 14100, Malaysia
| | - Yvonne Tze Fung Tan
- Bioxis Sdn. Bhd. PMT 1241, Jalan Perindustrian Bukit Minyak 8, Taman Perindustrian Bukit Minyak, Simpang Ampat 14100, Malaysia
| | - Siew Chyee Heng
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Malaysia
| | - Mardiana Saaid
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Malaysia
| | - Kit Yee Cheah
- Centre for Clinical Trial, Institute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Hospital Ampang, Ampang 68000, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Diyana Mohd Sali
- Centre for Clinical Trial, Institute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Hospital Ampang, Ampang 68000, Malaysia
| | - Nair Damenthi
- Centre for Clinical Trial, Institute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Hospital Ampang, Ampang 68000, Malaysia
| | - Sharon Shi Min Ng
- Centre for Clinical Trial, Institute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Hospital Ampang, Ampang 68000, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE 1410, Brunei
- Correspondence: (L.C.M.); or (K.K.P.)
| | - Kok Khiang Peh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (L.C.M.); or (K.K.P.)
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Shah J, Kotadiya R. A Critical Review on Analytical Methods for Recently Approved FDC Drugs: Pregabalin and Etoricoxib. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:1048-1068. [PMID: 33307732 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1855411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) refer to products containing two or more active ingredients combined in a single dosage form. The FDCs are justified because of several advantages. These are a) potentiating therapeutic efficacy, b) reducing the incidences of adverse drug effects, c) having pharmacokinetic advantages, d) reducing pills burden, e) reducing the dose of individual drugs and f) decreasing the drug resistance development. A recently approved FDC of Pregabalin IP (75 mg) and Etoricoxib (60 mg) recommended to control neuropathic chronic back pain. Analytical methods are available for individual quantitation of pregabalin (PGB) and etoricoxib (ETC), but an effective and reliable analytical method has not been reported for their combination. Thus, the objective of this literature survey was to gather information on various analytical instrumental methods used so far for the individual quantitation of PGB and ETC in various matrices. Such data would be useful to the scientific community to develop a novel analytical method for the analysis of recently approved FDC of PGB and ETC. Various scientific databases were explored to meet the objectives, and the information is synchronized. The reported methods are high-performance liquid chromatography (48% & 53%), hyphenated techniques (54% & 21%), spectroscopy (50% & 34%), and high-performance thin-layer chromatography, or thin-layer chromatography (6% & 13%) for pregabalin and etoricoxib, respectively. All these methods were specific and selective for the analysis of individual drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janvi Shah
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajendra Kotadiya
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India
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Andraws G, Trefi S. Ionisable substances chromatography: A new approach for the determination of Ketoprofen, Etoricoxib, and Diclofenac sodium in pharmaceuticals using ion - pair HPLC. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04613. [PMID: 32793832 PMCID: PMC7408326 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An ion-pair HPLC method was developed and validated to analyze three of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Ketoprofen, Etoricoxib, and Diclofenac sodium) in their pure and pharmaceuticals based on their ionisable characteristics. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (Cetrimide) was used as an ion pair reagent since it had not been used before for this purpose. Chromatographic analysis was accomplished using the C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5μm) column. Mobile phase consisted of a mixture of 50% Cetrimide 10 - 3 M and 50% acetonitrile to analyze Ketoprofen and Etoricoxib, whereas for Diclofenac sodium, mobile phase was a mixture of 30% Cetrimide 10 - 3 M and 70% acetonitrile. pH value was adjusted if necessary to 10 with ammonium hydroxide. The flow rate was 1mL/min and detection wavelengths were at 254 nm, 234 nm, and 254 nm for Ketoprofen, Etoricoxib, and Diclofenac sodium; respectively under ambient temperature. Retention times ( R t ) were 9.41, 7.34, and 6.66 for Ketoprofen, Etoricoxib, and Diclofenac sodium; respectively. The proposed method was evaluated for linearity, accuracy, precision, and specificity according to ICH guidelines. Ketoprofen, Etoricoxib, and Diclofenac sodium were detected in the following linear ranges: (0.031-0.500mg/mL), (0.007-0.110g/mL), and (0.016-0.250mg/mL); respectively with excellent mean recovery values (98.0-102.0%). RSD% was in an acceptable range (less than 2), proving the precision of the developed method. Specificity was proved in the presence of degradation products. Furthermore, a comparison between the results of this study and the reported HPLC methods indicated that this developed method was better in terms of simplicity, analysis time, and no use of buffers in the mobile phase. In conclusion, the developed method can successfully detect Ketoprofen, Etoricoxib, and Diclofenac sodium quantitatively and qualitatively in their dosage forms without any interference with excipients, making this method valuable, reliable, and practical to be applied in quality control laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgeos Andraws
- Pharmaceutical Quality and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Aleppo, Syria
| | - Saleh Trefi
- Pharmaceutical Quality and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Aleppo, Syria
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Zhang X, Guo N, Ji W, Wen Q. Rapid quantitative analysis of etoricoxib in human plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and application to a pharmacokinetic study in Chinese healthy volunteers. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4414. [PMID: 30360014 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for simultaneous determination of etoricoxib in human plasma. Chromatography was performed on an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (1.8 μm, 50 × 2.1 mm), with a flow rate of 0.600 mL/min, using a gradient elution with acetonitrile and water which contained 2 mm ammonium acetate as the mobile phase. Detection was carried out on Triple QuadTM 5500 mass spectrometer under positive-ion multiple reaction monitoring mode. The respective mass transitions used for quantification of etoricoxib and etoricoxib-d3 were m/z 359.0 → 280.1 and m/z 362.0 → 280.2. Calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 5-5000 ng/mL. The validated method was applied in the pharmacokinetic study of etoricoxib in Chinese healthy volunteers under fed and fasted conditions. After a single oral dose of 120 mg, the main pharmacokinetic parameters of etoricoxib in fasted and fed groups were respectively as follows: peak concentration, 2364.78 ± 538.01 and 1874.55 ± 367.90 ng/mL; area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 120 h, 44,605.53 ± 15,266.66 and 43,516.33 ± 12,425.91 ng h/mL; time to peak concentration, 2.00 and 2.50 h; and half-life, 24.08 ± 10.06 and 23.64± 6.72 h. High-fat food significantly reduced the peak concentration of etoricoxib (p = 0.001) but had no effect on the area under the concentration-time curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Zhang
- Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Nan Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Wen
- Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Starek M. Review of the applications of different analytical techniques for coxibs research. Talanta 2011; 85:8-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Determination of Quinine and Doxycycline in Rat Plasma by LC–MS–MS: Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-1949-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Junior LB, de Toni Uchoa F, Guterres SS, Costa TD. Development and Validation of LC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Quinine and Doxycycline in Pharmaceutical Formulations. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070903245805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liberato Brum Junior
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
| | - Flávia de Toni Uchoa
- b Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Stanisçuaski Guterres
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
- b Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
| | - Teresa Dalla Costa
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
- b Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
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Dalmora SL, Sangoi MDS, da Silva LM, Macedo RO, Barth T. Validation of a capillary zone electrophoresis method for the comparative determination of etoricoxib in pharmaceutical formulations. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:169-76. [PMID: 18069701 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A CZE method was developed and validated for the analysis of etoricoxib in pharmaceutical dosage forms, using prilocaine as an internal standard. The CZE method was carried out on a fused-silica capillary (50 microm id, effective length 40 cm). The BGE consisted of 25 mM tris-phosphate solution at pH 2.5. The capillary temperature was maintained at 35 degrees C, the applied voltage was 25 kV, the injection was performed using the pressure mode at 50 mbar for 5 s, with detection at 234 nm using a photodiode array detector. The method was linear in the range of 2-150 microg/mL (r(2) = 0.9999). The specificity and stability-indicating capability were proven through the degradation studies and showing also that there was no interference of the excipients of the formulation. The accuracy was 99.49% with RSD of 0.66%. The limits of quantitation and detection were 2 and 0.58 microg/mL, respectively. Moreover, method validation demonstrated acceptable results for the precision, sensitivity, and robustness. The proposed method was successfully applied for the quantitative analysis of etoricoxib pharmaceutical formulations, and the results compared to the HPLC and LC-MS/MS methods, showing nonsignificant difference (p >0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Luiz Dalmora
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Evaluation of the changes in hemostatic parameters induced by etoricoxib in rat model. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2008; 19:254-7. [DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0b013e3282f2b5ea] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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