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Cao Y, Luo L. A longitudinal examination of the effect of physical exercise on the emotional states of college students: exploring the sense of coherence as a mediator through a cross-lagged panel analysis. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 18:1428347. [PMID: 39238847 PMCID: PMC11374635 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1428347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between physical exercise and emotional states among university students, focusing on the mediating role of sense of coherence. Method A total of 1,215 university students (aged 18-25 years) were recruited and completed questionnaires assessing physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form), emotional states (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule), and sense of coherence (Sense of Coherence Scale-13) at three time points over a three-month period. Preliminary analyses included independent samples t-tests, chi-square tests, and Pearson correlations. Cross-lagged panel mediation analysis was conducted using Mplus 8.3, with bootstrapping employed to test indirect effects. Results Results indicated that sense of coherence significantly predicted positive affect (β = 0.259-0.369, p < 0.001). Positive affect, in turn, predicted physical exercise (β = 0.083-0.182, p < 0.05), while negative affect also influenced physical exercise (β = -0.096-0.203, p < 0.05). Physical exercise indirectly influenced positive affect through sense of coherence (β = 0.037, p = 0.045), and positive affect indirectly influenced physical exercise through sense of coherence (β = 0.029, p = 0.028). Other indirect effects involving physical exercise, sense of coherence, and negative affect were non-significant. Conclusion This study underscores the importance of sense of coherence in promoting emotional well-being among university students and in the reciprocal relationship between physical exercise and positive emotional states. Findings suggest that interventions targeting sense of coherence may enhance the emotional benefits of physical exercise. Future research should explore other potential mediators and moderators of the relationship between physical exercise and emotions and examine the effectiveness of sense of coherence-based interventions on well-being in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Cao
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Vocational College of Sports, Guiyang, China
| | - Lin Luo
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
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Chan SCY, Huang QL. The mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between hope and life satisfaction among university students during a global health crisis. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2311. [PMID: 39135702 PMCID: PMC11318025 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The worldwide health emergency sparked by the COVID-19 pandemic has deeply shaken educational environments, posing unprecedented challenges to university students' well-being. While individual links between self-esteem, hope, and well-being are established, their combined impacts during crises remain underexplored. Our study addresses this gap by investigating the interplay among hope, self-esteem, and life satisfaction within the context of university students navigating the challenges posed by the pandemic. Methods Conducting an online cross-sectional self-administered survey during Hong Kong's third pandemic wave, we measured hope, self-esteem, and life satisfaction using validated scales. Three hundred and fifteen university students (211 females; mean age = 22.08; SD = 2.74) participated. Results Through multiple regression and mediation analyses, our findings indicate that university students with elevated hope and self-esteem scored higher on life satisfaction measures. Specifically, our analysis revealed that self-esteem may serve as a partial mediator in the relationship between hope and life satisfaction, highlighting how heightened hope indirectly enhances life satisfaction by strengthening self-esteem. Conclusion This study reveals intricate relationships among hope, self-esteem, and life satisfaction in university students, particularly during external adversities like the COVID-19 pandemic. The implications extend to mental health interventions, emphasizing the potential benefits of cultivating hope and self-esteem to enhance life satisfaction among university students confronting formidable challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Cheong Yu Chan
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social SciencesSaint Francis UniversityTseung Kwan OHong Kong
| | - Qi Lu Huang
- Department of Social and Behavioural SciencesCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong
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3
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Chan SCY, Fung CK, Huang QL. Positive Emotions, Hope, and Life Satisfaction in Chinese Older Adults: An Application of Broaden-and-Build Model. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2024; 98:452-468. [PMID: 37844579 DOI: 10.1177/00914150231207999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
According to the broaden-and-build theory, positive emotions can broaden our awareness and build psychological resources, which leads to better psychological outcomes. Previous studies demonstrated that hope partially mediates the association between positive emotions and life satisfaction in college students. Yet, there has no similar model been tested among older adults. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the mediating role of hope agency and pathways in the association between positive emotions and life satisfaction. Three hundred and forty-one Chinese community-dwelling older adults (mean = 70.83, SD = 9.16) were asked to complete a survey questionnaire comprising measures assessing positive emotions, hope, life satisfaction, and other sociodemographic variables. Results showed that hope agency, but not hope pathways, partially mediated the relationship between positive emotions and life satisfaction. We discussed the importance of these initial findings concerning positive emotions and hope as predictors of life satisfaction in the older adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Cheong Yu Chan
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - Cheuk Ki Fung
- School of Arts and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Ho Man Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Qi Lu Huang
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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Wong WLL, Cheung SH. The role of hope in college transition: Its cross-lagged relationships with psychosocial resources and emotional well-being in first-year college students. J Adolesc 2024; 96:771-788. [PMID: 38287896 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION College transition is often regarded as the most stressful phase of life by college students. Hence, it is necessary to find ways to help them adjust more smoothly to this transition. Hope, as conceptualized by C. R. Snyder, has been widely studied as a predictor of optimal functioning and has been shown to be associated with better adjustment among college students. This study aimed to shed light on the role of hope in college transition by examining its unique reciprocal relationships with an array of important psychosocial resources and emotional well-being among first-year college students. METHODS Data were collected from a sample of Hong Kong college freshmen (N = 433, Medianage = 18 years old, 63.7% female) at two time points. At each time point, participants completed self-reported measures tapping into their levels of hope, psychosocial resources, and emotional well-being. Psychological resources included general and academic self-efficacy, meaning in life, and optimism. Social resources included secure attachment, perceived school environment, and social support. Emotional well-being was operationalized as positive and negative emotions. Cross-lagged panel models were constructed and tested by path analyses. RESULTS When autoregression and the effects of other variables were controlled, a greater sense of hope uniquely predicted higher levels of general and academic self-efficacy, greater presence of life meanings, more secure attachment, and more positive and fewer negative emotions. On the other hand, higher levels of meaning in life (both presence and search) and social support uniquely predicted greater hope. Academic hope and presence of life meanings reciprocally predicted one another, whereas other significant cross-lagged relationships were unidirectional. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest interventions that promote hope can be useful in helping college freshmen adjust to the new college environment by enhancing their psychosocial resources and emotional well-being. Such interventions would be more effective if they included elements that boost meaning in life and social support, which are expected to further enhance the perceptions of hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Lap Lance Wong
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Sing-Hang Cheung
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Zou X, Chen Q, Evans R. Why do Chinese Youth Seek Cancer Risk Information Online? Evidence from Four Cities. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024; 39:258-269. [PMID: 36593182 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2022.2163113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study, inspired by the Risk Information Seeking and Processing (RISP) model, examines the mechanisms by which perceived hazard characteristics and the informational subjective norms of Chinese youth, aged from 14 to 44 years old, become associated with their intentions to seek cancer risk information online. A sample of 684 Chinese youths was collected from four cities in Mainland China with results revealing that perceived hazard characteristics and informational subjective norms motivate their online cancer risk information seeking intentions. Specifically, perceived probability, perceived severity, and institutional trust are positively related to negative affect, however the relationship between personal control and negative affect is not significant. Institutional trust and personal control are positively related to positive affect while perceived probability and perceived severity have no significant effect on positive affect. Negative affect and informational subjective norms are positively related to perceived information insufficiency, while the relationship between positive affect and perceived information insufficiency is not significant. Negative affect, positive affect, informational subjective norms, and perceived information insufficiency are all positively related to the online cancer risk information seeking intentions of Chinese youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zou
- School of Journalism and New Media, Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Qiang Chen
- School of Journalism and New Media, Xi'an Jiaotong University
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Chan SCY, Huang QL, Low AYT. Find Joy in Sorrows: The Role of Hope in Buffering the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Chinese University Students in Hong Kong. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:821. [PMID: 37887470 PMCID: PMC10604835 DOI: 10.3390/bs13100821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis has exerted significant psychological impacts on university students who have faced drastic changes in the learning mode and suspension of classes. Despite these challenges, many students maintained subjective well-being. In this study, we examined the role of "hope" as a potential protector to maintain their subjective well-being when facing adversity during this global crisis. Specifically, we explored the mediating role of two hope components (agency thinking and pathways thinking) on the association of positive emotions and life satisfaction among Chinese university students. We conducted an online survey at a local university and recruited a total of 315 undergraduates from the humanities, creative arts, and social sciences programs through convenience sampling. Participants confirmed their informed consent and completed a set of self-administered questionnaires measuring positive emotions, hope, life satisfaction, and demographic variables. The results of mediation testing indicated that, during a global crisis such as COVID-19, positive emotions indirectly influenced life satisfaction through agency thinking rather than pathways thinking. The findings highlight the importance of agency thinking among Chinese university students in adverse situations and provide valuable insights for psychological interventions during a crisis. The article concludes by discussing possible explanations and implications of the findings in a post-pandemic world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Cheong Yu Chan
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong;
| | - Qi Lu Huang
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong;
| | - Andrew Yiu Tsang Low
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong;
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Chen SY, Bian C, Cheng Y, Zhao WW, Yan SR, Zhang YH. A randomized controlled trial of a nurse-led psychological pain solution-focused intervention for depressed inpatients: study protocol. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:111. [PMID: 37038115 PMCID: PMC10084640 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressed patients commonly experience psychological pain. Research pointed to positive psychological interventions as an effective means of ameliorating psychological pain, although the exact effect is unclear. Based on the hope theory and solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT), this study combines hope theory with solution-focused brief therapy to develop a nurse-led psychological pain solution-focused (PPSF) intervention in depressed patients. METHODS This is an assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial following the SPIRIT guidance. A total of 84 depressed patients will be recruited from the inpatient wards of a psychiatric hospital and randomly assigned to the control and experimental groups. Patients in the control group will be treated as usual. In contrast, patients in the experimental group will receive 6 sessions of the PPSF intervention for two weeks on top of the routine care. Primary outcomes are psychological pain, hope, cognitive distortions. Secondary outcomes are depression and suicidal ideation. Data will be collected at 5-time points: baseline, 1 and 2 weeks (post-intervention), 1 month (follow up), and 6 months after baseline. Generalized equation evaluation will be used to assess the effectiveness of the PPSF intervention. DISCUSSION From a positive psychology perspective, there remains much room for developing psychological pain interventions in depressed patients. SFBT and hope theory are both based on positive psychology. With hope theory as the general framework and SFBT questions as the practical guide, the PPSF intervention program is designed that nursing staff can implement. If the intervention is effective, it will advance the development of psychological pain interventions for patients with depression. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR2100048223.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yan Chen
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Bian
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Cheng
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhao
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi-Rui Yan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Zhang X, Wang D, Li F. Physical Exercise, Social Capital, Hope, and Subjective Well-Being in China: A Parallel Mediation Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:303. [PMID: 36612625 PMCID: PMC9819114 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Based on data from the 2017 China General Social Survey, a conditional process analysis was conducted to explore the association between physical exercise and subjective well-being, as well as the parallel mediating effect of social networks and a sense of hope. The results showed that physical exercise had a significant positive predictive effect on the participants' subjective well-being. Furthermore, social networks and a sense of hope mediated the association between physical exercise and subjective well-being. Physical exercise indirectly promoted subjective well-being by enhancing social networks and a sense of hope. However, the indirect effect of a sense of hope on the association between physical exercise and subjective well-being was greater than that of social networks. The results of this study revealed the internal mechanism of the effect of participation in physical exercise on the improvement of subjective well-being, which is of great significance for formulating relevant policies and plans to further improve Chinese residents' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dianxi Wang
- School of Marxism, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
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9
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Kovich MK, Simpson VL, Foli KJ, Hass Z, Phillips RG. Application of the PERMA Model of Well-being in Undergraduate Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY WELL-BEING 2022; 6:1-20. [PMID: 36320595 PMCID: PMC9607835 DOI: 10.1007/s42413-022-00184-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The PERMA model was introduced by Seligman in 2011 to increase and measure well-being. This model defines well-being in terms of Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment (PERMA). Mental health concerns are common in undergraduate students and may prevent them from obtaining optimal well-being. The purpose of this study was to test whether all five PERMA elements of well-being could be constructed from items within the 2018 Purdue University Student Experience at a Research University (SERU) survey. Using confirmatory factor analysis, all five PERMA constructs were supported and demonstrated good model fit statistics. A second order PERMA well-being construct was built and demonstrated adequate model fit with RMSEA = 0.04. All five constructs were significant at p < .001. Accomplishment had the highest factor loading (0.76) and Meaning had the lowest factor loading (0.25). Results for this study support use of well-being theory in the context of undergraduate students and provides enhanced understanding of well-being characteristics in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K. Kovich
- Honors College, Purdue University, 1101 Third Street, West Lafayette, IN 47906 USA
| | - Vicki L. Simpson
- School of Nursing, Purdue University, 502. N. University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Karen J. Foli
- School of Nursing, Purdue University, 502. N. University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Zachary Hass
- School of Nursing, Purdue University, 502. N. University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA ,School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, 315 N. Grant Street, West Lafayette, IN 47906 USA
| | - Rhonda G. Phillips
- Honors College, Purdue University, 1101 Third Street, West Lafayette, IN 47906 USA
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10
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Xue Y, Xiang Y. How Daily Mindfulness Predicts Life Satisfaction: From the Perspective of Mindfulness Coping Model. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 156:568-581. [PMID: 36170677 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2022.2085236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have explored the effect of mindfulness on life satisfaction, but the mechanism has not been explored in terms of daily mindfulness. Therefore, based on the mindfulness coping model, this study uses a daily diary method to examine whether individuals' daily mindfulness could predict life satisfaction and whether this relationship was mediated by rumination. In this study, 178 adults who had not received mindfulness training completed the same diary for continuous 14 days, in which their mindfulness and rumination at state level were measured. Besides, mindfulness, rumination, and life satisfaction at dispositional level were measured before and after the daily reporting process. Hierarchical linear models showed that daily mindfulness is a significant predictor of daily rumination. In addition, both the latent growth curve model and structural equation model showed that the change of daily mindfulness can influence life satisfaction through the change of rumination, and this relationship was also confirmed at the dispositional level. These findings are not only valuable for understanding how mindfulness is linked to rumination and life satisfaction according to the mindfulness coping model, but also contribute to the development of psychological intervention programs aimed at improving individual life satisfaction.
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Caprara M, Gerbino M, Mebane ME, Ramirez-Uclés IM. Self-efficacy beliefs in managing positive emotions: Associations with positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction across gender and ages. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:927648. [PMID: 36003312 PMCID: PMC9393478 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.927648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two studies were carried out on a Spanish population to explore the extent to which different self-efficacy beliefs in managing positive emotions are associated with common indicators of wellbeing, such as positive and negative affect or life satisfaction. The first study was conducted on 483 participants and attested to the factorial structure of three different self-efficacy beliefs: (a) perceived self-efficacy in expressing positive emotions; (b) perceived self-efficacy in retrieving memories of positive emotional experiences; and (c) perceived self-efficacy in using humor. The second study was carried out on 1,087 individuals between 19 and 80 years of age, and it provided evidence of the factorial invariance of the scales across age and gender. Furthermore, this latter study showed the association of self-efficacy in managing positive affect (SEMPA) with high chronic positive and low negative affect, and with high life satisfaction, controlling for gender and age. In younger participants, stronger associations were found between perceived self-efficacy in using humor and life satisfaction compared to older subjects. These findings may guide the design of interventions aimed at enhancing the potential benefits that could be drawn from the proper management of positive emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariagiovanna Caprara
- Department of Personality Psychology, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, National University of Distance Education (UNED), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Mariagiovanna Caprara,
| | - Maria Gerbino
- Department of Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Minou Ella Mebane
- Faculty of Law, Università degli Studi Giustino Fortunato, Benvento, Italy
| | - Isabel M. Ramirez-Uclés
- Department of Personality Psychology, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, National University of Distance Education (UNED), Madrid, Spain
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Ali SB, Ahmad MJ, Ramzan I, Ali M, Khan K. Exploring the Nexus Between Mindfulness, Gratitude, and Wellbeing Among Youth With the Mediating Role of Hopefulness: A South Asian Perspective. Front Psychol 2022; 13:915667. [PMID: 35936309 PMCID: PMC9346554 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.915667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between mindfulness, gratitude, and psychological wellbeing of young individuals in Pakistan with the potential role of hopefulness as a mediator between mindfulness, gratitude, and wellbeing. Data were collected from young individuals (18–40 years old) from Pakistan. A total sample of 500 participants was collected by employing the online survey questionnaire, and 374 questionnaires were duly filled and returned. The PLS-SEM technique was used to test the proposed hypotheses. The results of the study found that there is a strong direct relationship between gratitude, mindfulness, and hopefulness, and mindfulness is also strongly correlated with wellbeing. However, the relationship between gratitude and wellbeing was not statistically significant. Moreover, the mediation results reveal that the relationship between mindfulness, gratitude, and wellbeing is significantly mediated by hopefulness. This shows that gratitude and mindfulness are crucial in enhancing wellbeing through hopefulness. This study is an important contribution to validating the broaden-and-build theory, which suggests that hopelessness is a significant factor of a depressive state. It can be indicated that inducing hopefulness could be a significant element of the treatment plan of professional clinical psychologists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Iqra Ramzan
- Department of Psychology, Iqra University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Business Administration, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Kalimullah Khan
- Department of Business Administration, Kardan University, Kabul, Afghanistan
- *Correspondence: Kalimullah Khan
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Li M, Gu Y, Ma Y, Liu M, Tang Y. Positive Emotions, Hope, and Life Satisfaction in Chinese College Students: How Useful is the Broaden-and-Build Model in Studying Well-being in Victims of Intimate Partner Violence? JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP12706-NP12715. [PMID: 33851550 DOI: 10.1177/08862605211005131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent works, Chang and colleagues have shown that hope partially mediates the association between positive emotions and life satisfaction in diverse adult groups. However, such a model has yet to be tested among adult victims of intimate partner violence. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to evaluate the broaden-and-build model of positive emotions involving hope agency and pathways as predictors of life satisfaction in a sample of Chinese college students (N = 248; 152 females and 96 males) who self-reported experiencing intimate partner violence. Participants completed measures assessing prior exposure to intimate partner violence, positive emotions, hope, and life satisfaction. A multiple mediation model with 10,000 bootstraps was evaluated in which hope agency and pathways were examined as hypothesized mediators of the positive association found between positive emotions and life satisfaction in Chinese adult victims of intimate partner violence. Results of this analysis indicated that although positive emotions continued to have a significant direct association with life satisfaction, both hope agency and pathways were found to partially mediate this association. We discussed the importance of these initial findings in relation to positive emotions and hope as predictors of life satisfaction in victims of intimate partner violence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yue Ma
- Penn State University, PA, USA
| | | | - Yunxiu Tang
- International Research Alliance Academy, Beijing, China
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Qiu C, Li R, Luo H, Li S, Nie Y. Parent-child relationship and smartphone addiction among Chinese adolescents: A longitudinal moderated mediation model. Addict Behav 2022; 130:107304. [PMID: 35299052 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Using a three-wave longitudinal design, we examined the relationship between early parent-child relationship and subsequent smartphone addiction (SA) and explored mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relation. A total of 527 Chinese adolescents (271 boys and 256 girls, mean age = 11.23 years) completed questionnaires regarding parent-child relationship, smartphone addiction, hope and life satisfaction. The results showed that: (1) parent-child relationship (T1) was positively associated with life satisfaction (T1) and hope (T2); parent-child relationship (T1), life satisfaction (T1), and hope (T2) were significantly negatively associated with SA (T3); (2) After controlling for age, gender, and SA (T1), hope (T2) completely mediated the relationship between parental-child relationship (T1) and adolescents' SA (T3); (3) life satisfaction (T1) moderated the association between parent-child relationship (T1) and hope (T2). Specifically, as life satisfaction (T1) increased, parent-child relationship (T1) was more likely to promote hope (T2). Moreover, the indirect negative links between parent-child relationship (T1) and SA (T3) via hope (T2) were stronger for adolescents with high level of life satisfaction (T1) than for adolescents with low level of life satisfaction (T1). The results reveal the mechanism of hope and life satisfaction in the effect of parent-child relationship on SA in adolescents, indicating that SA among adolescents can be weakened through the improvement of parent-child relationship, the rise in hope and the increase in life satisfaction.
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Li M, Chang EC, Chang OD. Beyond the Role of Interpersonal Violence in Predicting Negative Affective Conditions in Adults: An Examination of Hope Components in Chinese College Students. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:2150-2164. [PMID: 32639842 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520938515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the growth of positive psychology during the past two decades, increased research has been focused on identifying human virtues that not only foster well-being but also act as positive processes that mitigate the impact of life adversities. Thus, it is useful to examine how positive processes, such as hope, may impact individuals' psychological adjustment following adversities. This study investigated the relationships among interpersonal violence, hope, as a key human strength, and negative affect conditions in a large sample (N = 737) of Chinese male and female (Nfemale = 409) college students. Participants completed measures assessing prior exposure to interpersonal violence, levels of both hope components (i.e., agency and pathways), negative affect, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation. Results from correlational analyses showed that exposure to interpersonal violence was positively and hope was negatively correlated with negative affective conditions. However, hope agency was more strongly correlated with those outcomes than hope pathways. In addition, three separate hierarchical regression analyses indicated that after accounting for demographics (i.e., age and sex) and interpersonal violence, within hope components, only hope agency remained as strong concurrent predictors of negative affective conditions. The present findings in this Chinese sample are consistent with those obtained from Turkey and the United States samples, adding evidence to the more robust role of hope, and hope agency in particular, in predicting negative psychological adjustment associated with interpersonal violence. Efforts made to address the absence of hope agency may be particularly important in future attempts to mitigate negative affective conditions linked to interpersonal violence among Chinese college students.
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16
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Colla R, Williams P, Oades LG, Camacho-Morles J. "A New Hope" for Positive Psychology: A Dynamic Systems Reconceptualization of Hope Theory. Front Psychol 2022; 13:809053. [PMID: 35282244 PMCID: PMC8906075 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.809053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review of the central tenets of hope theory, we examine the meta-theoretical, theoretical, and methodological foundations of the literature base. Our analysis moves from a broad examination of the research landscape in hope theory across disciplines, to a deeper investigation of the empirical literature in university students. This review highlights the significant impact of this body of research in advancing our understanding of aspects of thriving characterized by hope. However, we also evidence several limitations that may impede the advancement of the next wave of growth in this field. To address these limitations, we argue for an interdisciplinary approach to expanding the meta-theoretical, theoretical, and methodological horizons, enabling a more dynamic systems approach to the study of hope. Drawing on the intersection of positive psychology with systems thinking, we describe a methodological approach that enables a deeper examination of the processes and interactions through which hope emerges, using an analysis of the lived experience of young people. It is proposed that this research agenda will bring to life an alternate story about the resourcefulness of our youth through their own voice, enabling us to leverage this in the design of more effective strategies to facilitate hope in the future. This research agenda provides a roadmap that will provide alternative methodologies that address the current limitations in the field of hope research and, importantly, can provide fuel to spur on the acceleration of the next wave of research and practice in the field of positive psychology more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Colla
- Centre for Wellbeing Science, Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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17
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Krys K, Yeung JC, Capaldi CA, Lun VMC, Torres C, van Tilburg WAP, Bond MH, Zelenski JM, Haas BW, Park J, Maricchiolo F, Vauclair CM, Kosiarczyk A, Kocimska-Zych A, Kwiatkowska A, Adamovic M, Pavlopoulos V, Fülöp M, Sirlopu D, Okvitawanli A, Boer D, Teyssier J, Malyonova A, Gavreliuc A, Uchida Y, Serdarevich U, Akotia C, Appoh L, Mira, D.M. A, Baltin A, Denoux P, Dominguez-Espinosa A, Esteves CS, Gamsakhurdia V, Garðarsdóttir RB, Igbokwe DO, Igou ER, Işık İ, Kascakova N, Klůzová Kračmárová L, Kronberger N, Lee JH, Liu X, Barrientos PE, Mohorić T, Mustaffa NF, Mosca O, Nader M, Nadi A, van Osch Y, Pavlović Z, Poláčková Šolcová I, Rizwan M, Romashov V, Røysamb E, Sargautyte R, Schwarz B, Selecká L, Selim HA, Stogianni M, Sun CR, Xing C, Vignoles VL. Societal emotional environments and cross-cultural differences in life satisfaction: A forty-nine country study. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2020.1858332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuba Krys
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Kokoro Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - June Chun Yeung
- Department of Applied Psychology, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | | | - Vivian Miu-Chi Lun
- Department of Applied Psychology, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | - Claudio Torres
- Institute of Psychology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Michael Harris Bond
- Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | | | - Brian W. Haas
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Joonha Park
- Graduate School of Management, NUCB Business School, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | - Aleksandra Kosiarczyk
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Kocimska-Zych
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kwiatkowska
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Vassilis Pavlopoulos
- Department of Psychology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Márta Fülöp
- Institute of Psychology, Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church, Budapest, Hungary
- Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Sirlopu
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad del Desarrollo, Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Diana Boer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Julien Teyssier
- Département Psychologie Clinique Du Sujet, Université Toulouse II, Toulouse, France
| | - Arina Malyonova
- Department of General and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk, Russia
| | - Alin Gavreliuc
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Yukiko Uchida
- Kokoro Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | | | - Charity Akotia
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Lily Appoh
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Norway
| | | | - Arno Baltin
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Patrick Denoux
- Département Psychologie Clinique Du Sujet, Université Toulouse II, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Carla Sofia Esteves
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Católica Lisbon School of Business & Economics, Católica Lisbon Research Unit in Business and Economics, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Eric R. Igou
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Republic of Ireland
| | - İdil Işık
- Organizational Psychology Master’s Program, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Natalia Kascakova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Psychiatric Clinic Pro Mente Sana, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucie Klůzová Kračmárová
- Department of Christian Education, Cyril and Methodius Faculty of Theology, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Nicole Kronberger
- Institute for Education and Psychology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - J. Hannah Lee
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Northwest, Gary, Indiana, United States
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | | | - Tamara Mohorić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nur Fariza Mustaffa
- Department of Business Administration, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Oriana Mosca
- Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Martin Nader
- Department of Psychological Studies, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia
| | - Azar Nadi
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yvette van Osch
- Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
| | - Zoran Pavlović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Psychology, University of Haripur, KPK, Pakistan
| | | | - Espen Røysamb
- Department of Psychology, University of Haripur, KPK, Pakistan
| | | | - Beate Schwarz
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Lenka Selecká
- Department of Applied Psychology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heyla A. Selim
- University of St. Cyril and Methodius of Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
| | | | - Chien-Ru Sun
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Cai Xing
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taiwan, Republic of China
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18
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Jiménez-Solomon O, Primrose R, Moon I, Wall M, Galfalvy H, Méndez-Bustos P, Cruz AG, Swarbrick M, Laing T, Vite L, Kelley M, Jennings E, Lewis-Fernández R. Financial Hardship, Hope, and Life Satisfaction Among Un/Underemployed Individuals With Psychiatric Diagnoses: A Mediation Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:867421. [PMID: 35935422 PMCID: PMC9352864 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.867421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with psychiatric diagnoses who are unemployed or underemployed are likely to disproportionately experience financial hardship and, in turn, lower life satisfaction (LS). Understanding the mechanisms though which financial hardship affects LS is essential to inform effective economic empowerment interventions for this population. AIM To examine if subjective financial hardship (SFH) mediates the relationship between objective financial hardship (OFH) and LS, and whether hope, and its agency and pathways components, further mediate the effect of SFH on LS among individuals with psychiatric diagnoses seeking employment. METHODS We conducted structured interviews with participants (N = 215) of two peer-run employment programs using indicators of OFH and SFH and standardized scales for hope (overall hope, hope agency, and hope pathways) and LS. Three structural equation models were employed to test measurement models for OFH and SFH, and mediational relationships. Covariates included gender, age, psychiatric diagnosis, race/ethnicity, education, income, employment status, SSI/SSDI receipt, and site. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for items measuring OFH and SFH supported two separate hypothesized factors. OFH had a strong and significant total effect on SFH [standardized beta (B) = 0.68] and LS (B = 0.49), and a weak-to-moderate effect on hope (B = -0.31). SFH alone mediated up to 94% of the effect of OFH on LS (indirect effect B = -0.46, p < 0.01). The effect of SFH on LS through hope was small (indirect effect B = -0.09, p < 0.05), primarily through hope agency (indirect effect B = -0.13, p < 0.01) and not hope pathways. Black and Hispanic ethno-racial identification seemed to buffer the effect of financial hardship on hope and LS. Individuals identifying as Black reported significantly higher overall hope (B = 0.41-0.47) and higher LS (B = 0.29-0.46), net of the effect of OFH and SFH. CONCLUSION SFH is a strong mediator of the relationship between OFH and LS in our study of unemployed and underemployed individuals with psychiatric diagnoses. Hope, and particularly its agency component, further mediate a modest but significant proportion of the association between SFH and LS. Economic empowerment interventions for this population should address objective and subjective financial stressors, foster a sense of agency, and consider the diverse effects of financial hardship across ethno-racial groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Jiménez-Solomon
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Center on Poverty and Social Policy, School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ryan Primrose
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Teacher's College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ingyu Moon
- Nyack College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Melanie Wall
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hanga Galfalvy
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Pablo Méndez-Bustos
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Amanda G Cruz
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Psychology, Clark University, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Margaret Swarbrick
- Center of Alcohol and Substance Use Studies, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University - The State University of New Jersy, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Collaborative Support Programs of New Jersey, Freehold, NJ, United States
| | - Taína Laing
- Baltic Street AEH, Inc., Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Laurie Vite
- Baltic Street AEH, Inc., Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Maura Kelley
- Mental Health Peer Connection, Western New York Independent Living, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | | | - Roberto Lewis-Fernández
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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19
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Clark RS, Stubbeman BL. "I had hope. I loved this city once.": A mixed methods study of hope within the context of poverty. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 49:1044-1062. [PMID: 33561316 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this emergent mixed methods study was to measure hope in individuals living in poverty and to explore potential contextual influences on hope. We used a sequential mixed methods study in which the quantitative phase was administered first followed by a qualitative phase. Participants in impoverished areas scored higher in hope than a comparison group of university students. In a follow-up qualitative phase, participants named contributors to and detractors from hope that included experiences driven by environmental factors. Findings were organized according to Ecological Systems Theory (EST). Participants named factors from all levels of EST, and interactions between levels were evident. These results and findings support the inclusion of relevant contextual factors in psychological inquiry, and we suggest deliberate inclusion of individuals from all socioeconomic groups in future positive psychological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael S Clark
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, Kentucky, USA
| | - Bobbie L Stubbeman
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, Kentucky, USA
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20
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Xu J, Chang EC, Novak CJ, Shen J, Zheng S, Wang Y, Zhou N, Liu L, Gregory AE, Schaffer MR, Ablow DB, Kwon M, Lucas AG, Chang OD. Differential psychological needs fulfillment mediate positive emotions and distinctive positive outcomes among Chinese adolescents. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01472-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Chang EC, Jiang X, Tian W, Yi S, Liu J, Liang P, Liang Y, Lai S, Shi X, Li M, Chang OD, Hirsch JK. Hope as a Process in Understanding Positive Mood and Suicide Protection. CRISIS 2021; 43:90-97. [PMID: 33474993 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: According to the broaden-and-build model of positive mood, positive emotions are believed to broaden cognition resources and build psychological resiliency, to help incur positive psychological outcomes. Aim: We examined hope as a potential mediator of the association between positive mood and suicide protection (viz., life satisfaction and reasons for living) in adults. We hypothesized that positive mood would be associated with greater suicide protection through broadening hope agency and building hope pathways. Method: A sample of 320 college students completed measures of positive emotions, hope, and suicide protection. Results: Results from bootstrapped mediation testing indicated that hope agency, but not hope pathways, partially or fully mediated the relationship between positive mood and suicide protection. Limitations: It is not clear whether these findings are generalizable to a more diverse adult population. Also, it is not possible to rule out alternative causal models involving positive emotions and suicide protection. Conclusion: These findings provide some promising preliminary evidence for how positive emotions might help build hope agency to foster greater suicide protection in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward C Chang
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xinying Jiang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Weiyi Tian
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Shangwen Yi
- Sauder School of Business, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jiting Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Pengwei Liang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Yongyi Liang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Siyu Lai
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Xiaoxuan Shi
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, PR China
| | - Mingqi Li
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Olivia D Chang
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jameson K Hirsch
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
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22
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Wu TJ, Wang LY, Gao JY, Wei AP. Social Support and Well-Being of Chinese Special Education Teachers-An Emotional Labor Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6884. [PMID: 32967136 PMCID: PMC7558049 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Due to their high expectations, teachers often hide their real emotions and play a role that conforms to public expectations of educational work. Special education teachers face a group of students with physical and mental disabilities who have high heterogeneity and require individualized services every day. Using social support theory, this study discusses special education teachers' emotional labor and well-being. A total of 439 special education teachers in China participated in this study. We collected data at two different time-points and verified the research hypotheses with hierarchical regression and structural equation modeling analysis. The research findings show the mediating role of emotional labor in social support and well-being. It is, therefore, suggested that schools should pay more attention to special education teachers' mental health and provide them with regular guidance and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Ju Wu
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150001, China; (T.-J.W.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.-Y.G.)
| | - Lian-Yi Wang
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150001, China; (T.-J.W.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.-Y.G.)
| | - Jia-Ying Gao
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150001, China; (T.-J.W.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.-Y.G.)
| | - An-Pin Wei
- International School of Business and Finance, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
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23
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescence is a critical period of human development, where adaptive or maladaptive experiences can happen. These experiences are associated with psychological, social, biological and health factors. Previous empirical evidence suggests that mental health is associated with individual assets and positive states, whose presence may become a factor of protection and resistance to mental disorders. Among these, optimism could play a fundamental role in sustaining physical and mental well-being and in dealing with threats potentially harmful to health. Given the rise of research on optimism and its importance in the various health outcomes, it is necessary to initiate processes of compilation and synthesis of this evidence to facilitate the understanding of the importance of this variable on the mental health of adolescents. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The included studies will be experimental, observational, cross-sectional and longitudinal focussed on the role of optimism on mental health in adolescents, regardless of whether they belong to clinical or non-clinical populations. This systematic review protocol will be carried out following the Cochrane Manual for systematic reviews and will follow the statement on systematic reviews and meta-analysis of PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols). Searches will run from October 2019 to March 2020, and will be carried out from the following electronic databases: APA PsycNet, BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde), Web of Science, PubMed Central and Scopus. Two reviewers will obtain the eligible articles, published from January 2009 onward, to assess the quality of each study and extract the data. For the presentation of the results, a narrative and quantitative synthesis will be carried out that groups the data found. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The approval of an ethics committee is not required for a systematic review protocol. The results will be presented at congresses in social sciences and psychology and will be published in a peer-reviewed social or health science journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42019142616.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristian Ariel Neira Espejo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Para, Brazil
| | - Janari da Silva Pedroso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Para, Brazil
- Bolsista produtividade CNPq - Nível 2. Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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24
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Wang S, Zhao Y, Li J, Lai H, Qiu C, Pan N, Gong Q. Neurostructural correlates of hope: dispositional hope mediates the impact of the SMA gray matter volume on subjective well-being in late adolescence. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2020; 15:395-404. [PMID: 32378710 PMCID: PMC7308655 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in identifying factors to predict subjective well-being in the emerging field of positive psychology over the past two decades. Dispositional hope, which reflects one's goal-directed tendencies, including both pathway thinking (planning to meet goals) and agency thinking (goal-directed determination), has emerged as a stable predictor for subjective well-being. However, the neurobiological substrates of dispositional hope and the brain-hope mechanism for predicting subjective well-being remain unclear. Here, we examined these issues in 231 high school graduates within the same grade by estimating cortical gray matter volume (GMV) utilizing a voxel-based morphometry method based on structural magnetic resonance imaging. Whole-brain regression analyses and prediction analyses showed that higher dispositional hope was stably associated with greater GMV in the left supplementary motor area (SMA). Furthermore, mediation analyses revealed that dispositional hope mediated the relation between left SMA volume and subjective well-being. Critically, our results were obtained after adjusting for age, sex, family socioeconomic status and total GMV. Altogether, our study presents novel evidence for the neuroanatomical basis of dispositional hope and suggests an underlying indirect effect of dispositional hope on the link between brain gray matter structure and subjective well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Psychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), the Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- School of Sociology and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingguang Li
- College of Teacher Education, Dali University, Dali 671003, China
| | - Han Lai
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Psychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), the Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Psychology, The Faculty of Social Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Psychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), the Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Psychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), the Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, Chengdu 610036, China
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25
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Xiang Y, Yuan R, Zhao J. Childhood maltreatment and life satisfaction in adulthood: The mediating effect of emotional intelligence, positive affect and negative affect. J Health Psychol 2020; 26:2460-2469. [PMID: 32338529 DOI: 10.1177/1359105320914381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the mediation role of emotional intelligence, positive affect, and negative affect in the influence of childhood maltreatment on life satisfaction. A total of 811 participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Wong Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale validly. Results revealed that emotional intelligence, positive affect and negative affect are mediators between childhood maltreatment and life satisfaction. In addition, childhood maltreatment influenced life satisfaction through the sequential intermediary of "emotional intelligence-positive affect" and "emotional intelligence-negative affect". Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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