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Andersson PA, Vartanova I, Västfjäll D, Tinghög G, Strimling P, Wu J, Hazin I, Akotia CS, Aldashev A, Andrighetto G, Anum A, Arikan G, Bagherian F, Barrera D, Basnight-Brown D, Batkeyev B, Berezina E, Björnstjerna M, Boski P, Bovina I, Huyen BTT, Čekrlija Đ, Choi HS, Contreras-Ibáñez CC, Costa-Lopes R, de Barra M, de Zoysa P, Dorrough AR, Dvoryanchikov N, Engelmann JB, Euh H, Fang X, Fiedler S, Foster-Gimbel OA, Fülöp M, Gardarsdottir RB, Gill CMHD, Glöckner A, Graf S, Grigoryan A, Gritskov V, Growiec K, Halama P, Hartanto A, Hopthrow T, Hřebíčková M, Iliško D, Imada H, Kapoor H, Kawakami K, Khachatryan N, Kharchenko N, Kiyonari T, Kohút M, Leslie LM, Li Y, Li NP, Li Z, Liik K, Maitner AT, Manhique B, Manley H, Medhioub I, Mentser S, Nejat P, Nipassa O, Nussinson R, Onyedire NG, Onyishi IE, Panagiotopoulou P, Perez-Floriano LR, Persson M, Pirttilä-Backman AM, Pogosyan M, Raver J, Rodrigues RB, Romanò S, Romero PP, Sakki I, San Martin A, Sherbaji S, Shimizu H, Simpson B, Szabo E, Takemura K, Teixeira MLM, Thanomkul N, Tiliouine H, Travaglino GA, Tsirbas Y, Widodo S, Zein R, Zirganou-Kazolea L, Eriksson K. Anger and disgust shape judgments of social sanctions across cultures, especially in high individual autonomy societies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5591. [PMID: 38454068 PMCID: PMC10920647 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55815-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
When someone violates a social norm, others may think that some sanction would be appropriate. We examine how the experience of emotions like anger and disgust relate to the judged appropriateness of sanctions, in a pre-registered analysis of data from a large-scale study in 56 societies. Across the world, we find that individuals who experience anger and disgust over a norm violation are more likely to endorse confrontation, ostracism and, to a smaller extent, gossip. Moreover, we find that the experience of anger is consistently the strongest predictor of judgments of confrontation, compared to other emotions. Although the link between state-based emotions and judgments may seem universal, its strength varies across countries. Aligned with theoretical predictions, this link is stronger in societies, and among individuals, that place higher value on individual autonomy. Thus, autonomy values may increase the role that emotions play in guiding judgments of social sanctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per A Andersson
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden.
- JEDILab, Division of Economics, Department of Management and Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Irina Vartanova
- Institute for Futures Studies, Box 591, 101 31, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Västfjäll
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gustav Tinghög
- JEDILab, Division of Economics, Department of Management and Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- JEDILab, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Pontus Strimling
- Institute for Futures Studies, Box 591, 101 31, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Institute for Analytical Sociology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Junhui Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lincui Road 16, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Isabela Hazin
- Institute for Futures Studies, Box 591, 101 31, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Charity S Akotia
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Legon, P.O. Box LG 84, Accra, Ghana
| | - Alisher Aldashev
- International School of Economics, Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi Street, 050000, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Giulia Andrighetto
- Institute for Futures Studies, Box 591, 101 31, Stockholm, Sweden
- Mälardalen University, 721 23, Västerås, Sweden
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Adote Anum
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Legon, P.O. Box LG 84, Accra, Ghana
| | - Gizem Arikan
- Department of Political Science, Trinity College Dublin, 2-3 College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Fatemeh Bagherian
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Davide Barrera
- University of Turin and Collegio Carlo Alberto, Lungo Dora Siena 100, 10124, Turin, Italy
| | - Dana Basnight-Brown
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, United States International University Africa, Box 14634 00800, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Birzhan Batkeyev
- International School of Economics, Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi Street, 050000, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Elizaveta Berezina
- Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | | | - Paweł Boski
- SWPS University, Chodakowska 19-31, 03-815, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Inna Bovina
- Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Sretenka Str., 29, 127051, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bui Thi Thu Huyen
- Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Đorđe Čekrlija
- Faculty of Philosophy, University of Banja Luka, Vojvode Petra Bojovića 1A, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Institute of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hoon-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, 25-2, Sungkyunkwan-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03063, Republic of Korea
| | - Carlos C Contreras-Ibáñez
- Departamento de Sociología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, 09340, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rui Costa-Lopes
- Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Anibal de Bettencourt, 9, 1600-189, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mícheál de Barra
- Center for Culture and Evolution, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Piyanjali de Zoysa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo 8, Sri Lanka
| | - Angela R Dorrough
- Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, Richard-Strauss-Str. 2, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nikolay Dvoryanchikov
- Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Sretenka Str., 29, 127051, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jan B Engelmann
- Center for Research in Experimental Economics and Political Decision Making (CREED), Amsterdam School of Economics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 15867, 1001 NJ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hyun Euh
- Gies College of Business, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 S 6Th St., Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Xia Fang
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Susann Fiedler
- Vienna University of Economics and Business, Welthandelsplatz 1, 1020, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olivia A Foster-Gimbel
- Stern School of Business, New York University, 40 West 4Th Street, Tisch Hall, Suite 700, New York, NY, 10012, USA
| | - Márta Fülöp
- HUN-REN Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church, Bécsi Út 324, Budapest, 1034, Hungary
| | - Ragna B Gardarsdottir
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Iceland, Nyi Gardur, Saemundargata 12, IS-102, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - C M Hew D Gill
- Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Universal College Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Andreas Glöckner
- Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, Richard-Strauss-Str. 2, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Kurt-Schumacher-Str. 10, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sylvie Graf
- Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ani Grigoryan
- Department of Personality Psychology, Yerevan State University, Alex Manoogian 1, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Vladimir Gritskov
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7-9 Universitetskaya Emb., St Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | | | - Peter Halama
- Center for Social and Psychological Sciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 841 04, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andree Hartanto
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, 90 Stamford Road, Singapore, 178903, Singapore
| | - Tim Hopthrow
- School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NP, UK
| | - Martina Hřebíčková
- Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dzintra Iliško
- Daugavpils University, Latvia, Parades Street 1, Room 432, Daugvapils, 5400, Latvia
| | - Hirotaka Imada
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Hansika Kapoor
- Department of Psychology, Monk Prayogshala, 4114, C Wing, Oberoi Garden Estates, Off Saki Vihar Road, Andheri East, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400072, India
| | - Kerry Kawakami
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Narine Khachatryan
- Department of Personality Psychology, Yerevan State University, Alex Manoogian 1, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Natalia Kharchenko
- Kyiv International Institute of Sociology, Voloska Str., 8/5, Build. 4, Kyiv, 04070, Ukraine
| | - Toko Kiyonari
- Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1, Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara-City, Kanagawa, 252-5258, Japan
| | - Michal Kohút
- Faculty of Philosophy and Arts, University of Trnava, Hornopotočná 23, 918 43, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Lisa M Leslie
- Stern School of Business, New York University, 40 West 4Th Street, Tisch Hall, Suite 700, New York, NY, 10012, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Melbourne School of Psychological Science, University of Melbourne, 1116 Redmond Barry Building, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Norman P Li
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, 90 Stamford Road, Singapore, 178903, Singapore
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, N6A 5C2, Canada
| | - Kadi Liik
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva Rd 25, 10120, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Angela T Maitner
- Department of Psychology, American University of Sharjah, PO Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bernardo Manhique
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, Eduardo Mondlane University, Av. Julius Nyerere, 3453, Main Campus, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Harry Manley
- Faculty of Behavioral Sciences, Education, & Languages, HELP University Subang 2, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- Faculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Imed Medhioub
- Department of Finance, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 5701, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sari Mentser
- Department of Education and Psychology, The Open University of Israel, 1 University Road, 4353701, Raanana, Israel
| | - Pegah Nejat
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Orlando Nipassa
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, Eduardo Mondlane University, Av. Julius Nyerere, 3453, Main Campus, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Ravit Nussinson
- Department of Education and Psychology, The Open University of Israel, 1 University Road, 4353701, Raanana, Israel
- Institute of Information Processing and Decision Making, University of Haifa, Abba Khoushy Ave 199, 3498838, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nneoma G Onyedire
- Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 41000, Nigeria
| | - Ike E Onyishi
- Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 41000, Nigeria
| | - Penny Panagiotopoulou
- Department of Education and Social Work, University of Patras, 26500, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Lorena R Perez-Floriano
- Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad Diego Portales, Av. Sta. Clara 797, Huechuraba, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Minna Persson
- Institute for Futures Studies, Box 591, 101 31, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna-Maija Pirttilä-Backman
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Social Psychology, University of Helsinki, PO Box 54 (Unioninkatu 37), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marianna Pogosyan
- Leadership and Management, Amsterdam Business School, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 15953, 1001 NB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jana Raver
- Queen's University, Goodes Hall, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ricardo Borges Rodrigues
- Instituto Universitário de Lisboa ISCTE-IUL, CIS, Avenida das Forças Armadas, 1649-026, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Romanò
- Department of Culture, Politics and Society, University of Turin, 10135, Turin, Italy
| | - Pedro P Romero
- Experimental and Computational Economics Lab (ECEL), School of Economics, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Inari Sakki
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Social Psychology, University of Helsinki, PO Box 42 (Unioninkatu 33), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alvaro San Martin
- IESE Business School, Camino del Cerro del Águila, 3, 28023, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Sherbaji
- Department of International Studies, American University of Sharjah, PO Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Anthropology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Hiroshi Shimizu
- Kwansei Gakuin University, 1-155 Uegahara 1Bancho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 662-8501, Japan
| | - Brent Simpson
- Department of Sociology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Erna Szabo
- Department of International Management, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Str. 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Kosuke Takemura
- Faculty of Economics, Shiga University, 1-1-1 Banba, Hikone, Shiga, 522-8522, Japan
| | - Maria Luisa Mendes Teixeira
- Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Business Administration Postgraduate Program, Consolação St, 930, São Paulo, CEP 01302-000, Brazil
| | - Napoj Thanomkul
- Faculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Habib Tiliouine
- Labo-PECS, Faculty of Social Sciences, Université d'Oran 2, 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | - Giovanni A Travaglino
- Department of Law and Criminology, Institute for the Study of Power, Crime, and Society, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Yannis Tsirbas
- Department of Political Science and Public Administration, University of Athens, 6 Themistokleous Street, 10678, Athens, Greece
| | - Sita Widodo
- Department of Psychology, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus B Unair Jalan Airlangga 4-6, Surabaya, 60286, Indonesia
| | - Rizqy Zein
- Department of Psychology, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus B Unair Jalan Airlangga 4-6, Surabaya, 60286, Indonesia
| | - Lina Zirganou-Kazolea
- Department of Political Science and Public Administration, University of Athens, 6 Themistokleous Street, 10678, Athens, Greece
| | - Kimmo Eriksson
- Institute for Futures Studies, Box 591, 101 31, Stockholm, Sweden
- Mälardalen University, 721 23, Västerås, Sweden
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Krys K, Kostoula O, van Tilburg WAP, Mosca O, Lee JH, Maricchiolo F, Kosiarczyk A, Kocimska-Bortnowska A, Torres C, Hitokoto H, Liew K, Bond MH, Lun VMC, Vignoles VL, Zelenski JM, Haas BW, Park J, Vauclair CM, Kwiatkowska A, Roczniewska M, Witoszek N, Işık İ, Kosakowska-Berezecka N, Domínguez-Espinosa A, Yeung JC, Górski M, Adamovic M, Albert I, Pavlopoulos V, Fülöp M, Sirlopu D, Okvitawanli A, Boer D, Teyssier J, Malyonova A, Gavreliuc A, Serdarevich U, Akotia CS, Appoh L, Mira DMA, Baltin A, Denoux P, Esteves CS, Gamsakhurdia V, Garðarsdóttir RB, Igbokwe DO, Igou ER, Kascakova N, Klůzová Kracˇmárová L, Kronberger N, Barrientos PE, Mohoricć T, Murdock E, Mustaffa NF, Nader M, Nadi A, van Osch Y, Pavlović Z, Polácˇková Šolcová I, Rizwan M, Romashov V, Røysamb E, Sargautyte R, Schwarz B, Selecká L, Selim HA, Stogianni M, Sun CR, Wojtczuk-Turek A, Xing C, Uchida Y. Happiness Maximization Is a WEIRD Way of Living. Perspect Psychol Sci 2024:17456916231208367. [PMID: 38350096 DOI: 10.1177/17456916231208367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Psychological science tends to treat subjective well-being and happiness synonymously. We start from the assumption that subjective well-being is more than being happy to ask the fundamental question: What is the ideal level of happiness? From a cross-cultural perspective, we propose that the idealization of attaining maximum levels of happiness may be especially characteristic of Western, educated, industrial, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) societies but less so for others. Searching for an explanation for why "happiness maximization" might have emerged in these societies, we turn to studies linking cultures to their eco-environmental habitat. We discuss the premise that WEIRD cultures emerged in an exceptionally benign ecological habitat (i.e., faced relatively light existential pressures compared with other regions). We review the influence of the Gulf Stream on the Northwestern European climate as a source of these comparatively benign geographical conditions. We propose that the ecological conditions in which WEIRD societies emerged afforded them a basis to endorse happiness as a value and to idealize attaining its maximum level. To provide a nomological network for happiness maximization, we also studied some of its potential side effects, namely alcohol and drug consumption and abuse and the prevalence of mania. To evaluate our hypothesis, we reanalyze data from two large-scale studies on ideal levels of personal life satisfaction-the most common operationalization of happiness in psychology-involving respondents from 61 countries. We conclude that societies whose members seek to maximize happiness tend to be characterized as WEIRD, and generalizing this across societies can prove problematic if adopted at the ideological and policy level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuba Krys
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Olga Kostoula
- Institute of Psychology, Johannes Kepler University Linz
| | | | - Oriana Mosca
- Department of Education, Psychology, and Philosophy, University of Cagliari
| | - J Hannah Lee
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Northwest
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kongmeng Liew
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury
| | - Michael H Bond
- Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business, Hong Kong Polytechnic University
| | | | | | | | | | - Joonha Park
- Graduate School of Management, NUCB Business School
| | - Christin-Melanie Vauclair
- Centre for Psychological Research and Social Intervention (CIS-Iscte), Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa
| | | | - Marta Roczniewska
- SWPS University
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Medical Management Centre, Karolinska Institutet
| | - Nina Witoszek
- Centre for Development and the Environment, University of Oslo
| | - İdil Işık
- Psychology Department, Bahçeşehir University
| | | | | | | | - Maciej Górski
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw
| | | | - Isabelle Albert
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg
| | | | - Márta Fülöp
- Institute of Psychology, Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church
- Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Sirlopu
- Faculty of Psychology and Humanities, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción
| | | | - Diana Boer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Koblenz
| | - Julien Teyssier
- Département Psychologie Clinique Du Sujet, Université Toulouse II
| | - Arina Malyonova
- Department of General and Social Psychology, Dostoevsky Omsk State University
| | | | | | - Charity S Akotia
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana
| | - Lily Appoh
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University
| | | | - Arno Baltin
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University
| | - Patrick Denoux
- Département Psychologie Clinique Du Sujet, Université Toulouse II
| | - Carla Sofia Esteves
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Católica Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Católica Lisbon Research Unit in Business and Economics
| | | | | | | | - Eric R Igou
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick
| | - Natalia Kascakova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University
- Psychiatric Clinic Pro Mente Sana, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | | | - Tamara Mohoricć
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka
| | - Elke Murdock
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg
| | - Nur Fariza Mustaffa
- Department of Business Administration, International Islamic University Malaysia
| | - Martin Nader
- Department of Psychological Studies, Universidad ICESI
| | - Azar Nadi
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Yvette van Osch
- Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University
| | - Zoran Pavlović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy University of Belgrade
| | | | | | | | | | - Ruta Sargautyte
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University
| | - Beate Schwarz
- Department of Applied Psychology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences
| | | | | | | | - Chien-Ru Sun
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University
| | | | - Cai Xing
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China
| | - Yukiko Uchida
- Institute for the Future of Human Society, Kyoto University
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Krys K, Chun Yeung J, Haas BW, van Osch Y, Kosiarczyk A, Kocimska-Zych A, Torres C, Selim HA, Zelenski JM, Bond MH, Park J, Lun VMC, Maricchiolo F, Vauclair CM, Poláčková Šolcová I, Sirlopú D, Xing C, Vignoles VL, van Tilburg WAP, Teyssier J, Sun CR, Serdarevich U, Schwarz B, Sargautyte R, Røysamb E, Romashov V, Rizwan M, Pavlović Z, Pavlopoulos V, Okvitawanli A, Nadi A, Nader M, Mustaffa NF, Murdock E, Mosca O, Mohorić T, Barrientos Marroquin PE, Malyonova A, Liu X, Lee JH, Kwiatkowska A, Kronberger N, Klůzová Kráčmarová L, Kascakova N, Işık İ, Igou ER, Igbokwe DO, Hanke-Boer D, Gavreliuc A, Garðarsdóttir RB, Fülöp M, Gamsakhurdia V, Esteves CS, Domínguez-Espinosa A, Denoux P, Charkviani S, Baltin A, Arevalo D, Appoh L, Akotia C, Adamovic M, Uchida Y. Family First: Evidence of Consistency and Variation in the Value of Family Versus Personal Happiness Across 49 Different Cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/00220221221134711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
People care about their own well-being and about the well-being of their families. It is currently, however, unknown how much people tend to value their own versus their family’s well-being. A recent study documented that people value family happiness over personal happiness across four cultures. In this study, we sought to replicate this finding across a larger sample size ( N = 12,819) and a greater number of countries ( N = 49). We found that the strength of the idealization of family over personal happiness preference was small (average Cohen’s ds = .20, range −.02 to.48), but present in 98% of the studied countries, with statistical significance in 73% to 75%, and variance across countries <2%. We also found that the size of this effect did vary somewhat across cultural contexts. In Latin American cultures highest on relational mobility, the idealization of family over personal happiness was very small (average Cohen’s ds for Latin America = .15 and .18), while in Confucian Asia cultures lowest on relational mobility, this effect was closer to medium ( ds > .40 and .30). Importantly, we did not find strong support for traditional theories in cross-cultural psychology that associate collectivism with greater prioritization of the family versus the individual; country-level individualism–collectivism was not associated with variation in the idealization of family versus individual happiness. Our findings indicate that no matter how much various populists abuse the argument of “protecting family life” to disrupt emancipation, family happiness seems to be a pan-culturally phenomenon. Family well-being is a key ingredient of social fabric across the world, and should be acknowledged by psychology and well-being researchers and by progressive movements too.
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Krys K, Yeung JC, Capaldi CA, Lun VMC, Torres C, van Tilburg WAP, Bond MH, Zelenski JM, Haas BW, Park J, Maricchiolo F, Vauclair CM, Kosiarczyk A, Kocimska-Zych A, Kwiatkowska A, Adamovic M, Pavlopoulos V, Fülöp M, Sirlopu D, Okvitawanli A, Boer D, Teyssier J, Malyonova A, Gavreliuc A, Uchida Y, Serdarevich U, Akotia C, Appoh L, Mira, D.M. A, Baltin A, Denoux P, Dominguez-Espinosa A, Esteves CS, Gamsakhurdia V, Garðarsdóttir RB, Igbokwe DO, Igou ER, Işık İ, Kascakova N, Klůzová Kračmárová L, Kronberger N, Lee JH, Liu X, Barrientos PE, Mohorić T, Mustaffa NF, Mosca O, Nader M, Nadi A, van Osch Y, Pavlović Z, Poláčková Šolcová I, Rizwan M, Romashov V, Røysamb E, Sargautyte R, Schwarz B, Selecká L, Selim HA, Stogianni M, Sun CR, Xing C, Vignoles VL. Societal emotional environments and cross-cultural differences in life satisfaction: A forty-nine country study. The Journal of Positive Psychology 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2020.1858332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuba Krys
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Kokoro Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - June Chun Yeung
- Department of Applied Psychology, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | | | - Vivian Miu-Chi Lun
- Department of Applied Psychology, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | - Claudio Torres
- Institute of Psychology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Michael Harris Bond
- Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | | | - Brian W. Haas
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Joonha Park
- Graduate School of Management, NUCB Business School, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | - Aleksandra Kosiarczyk
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Kocimska-Zych
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kwiatkowska
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Vassilis Pavlopoulos
- Department of Psychology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Márta Fülöp
- Institute of Psychology, Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church, Budapest, Hungary
- Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Sirlopu
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad del Desarrollo, Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Diana Boer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Julien Teyssier
- Département Psychologie Clinique Du Sujet, Université Toulouse II, Toulouse, France
| | - Arina Malyonova
- Department of General and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk, Russia
| | - Alin Gavreliuc
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Yukiko Uchida
- Kokoro Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | | | - Charity Akotia
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Lily Appoh
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Norway
| | | | - Arno Baltin
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Patrick Denoux
- Département Psychologie Clinique Du Sujet, Université Toulouse II, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Carla Sofia Esteves
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Católica Lisbon School of Business & Economics, Católica Lisbon Research Unit in Business and Economics, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Eric R. Igou
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Republic of Ireland
| | - İdil Işık
- Organizational Psychology Master’s Program, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Natalia Kascakova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Psychiatric Clinic Pro Mente Sana, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucie Klůzová Kračmárová
- Department of Christian Education, Cyril and Methodius Faculty of Theology, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Nicole Kronberger
- Institute for Education and Psychology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - J. Hannah Lee
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Northwest, Gary, Indiana, United States
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | | | - Tamara Mohorić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nur Fariza Mustaffa
- Department of Business Administration, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Oriana Mosca
- Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Martin Nader
- Department of Psychological Studies, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia
| | - Azar Nadi
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yvette van Osch
- Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
| | - Zoran Pavlović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Psychology, University of Haripur, KPK, Pakistan
| | | | - Espen Røysamb
- Department of Psychology, University of Haripur, KPK, Pakistan
| | | | - Beate Schwarz
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Lenka Selecká
- Department of Applied Psychology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heyla A. Selim
- University of St. Cyril and Methodius of Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
| | | | - Chien-Ru Sun
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Cai Xing
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taiwan, Republic of China
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5
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Eriksson K, Strimling P, Gelfand M, Wu J, Abernathy J, Akotia CS, Aldashev A, Andersson PA, Andrighetto G, Anum A, Arikan G, Aycan Z, Bagherian F, Barrera D, Basnight-Brown D, Batkeyev B, Belaus A, Berezina E, Björnstjerna M, Blumen S, Boski P, Bou Zeineddine F, Bovina I, Huyen BTT, Cardenas JC, Čekrlija Đ, Choi HS, Contreras-Ibáñez CC, Costa-Lopes R, de Barra M, de Zoysa P, Dorrough A, Dvoryanchikov N, Eller A, Engelmann JB, Euh H, Fang X, Fiedler S, Foster-Gimbel OA, Fülöp M, Gardarsdottir RB, Gill CMHD, Glöckner A, Graf S, Grigoryan A, Gritskov V, Growiec K, Halama P, Hartanto A, Hopthrow T, Hřebíčková M, Iliško D, Imada H, Kapoor H, Kawakami K, Khachatryan N, Kharchenko N, Khoury N, Kiyonari T, Kohút M, Linh LT, Leslie LM, Li Y, Li NP, Li Z, Liik K, Maitner AT, Manhique B, Manley H, Medhioub I, Mentser S, Mohammed L, Nejat P, Nipassa O, Nussinson R, Onyedire NG, Onyishi IE, Özden S, Panagiotopoulou P, Perez-Floriano LR, Persson MS, Pheko M, Pirttilä-Backman AM, Pogosyan M, Raver J, Reyna C, Rodrigues RB, Romanò S, Romero PP, Sakki I, San Martin A, Sherbaji S, Shimizu H, Simpson B, Szabo E, Takemura K, Tieffi H, Mendes Teixeira ML, Thanomkul N, Tiliouine H, Travaglino GA, Tsirbas Y, Wan R, Widodo S, Zein R, Zhang QP, Zirganou-Kazolea L, Van Lange PAM. Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1481. [PMID: 33674587 PMCID: PMC7935962 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate. Little is known about people’s preferred responses to norm violations across countries. Here, in a study of 57 countries, the authors highlight cultural similarities and differences in people’s perception of the appropriateness of norm violations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimmo Eriksson
- Center for Cultural Evolution, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.
| | | | - Michele Gelfand
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Junhui Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Jered Abernathy
- Department of Sociology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Charity S Akotia
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 84 Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Alisher Aldashev
- New School of Economics, Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Per A Andersson
- Center for Cultural Evolution, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Giulia Andrighetto
- Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.,Institute for Futures Studies, Box 591, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Adote Anum
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 84 Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Gizem Arikan
- Department of Political Science, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Zeynep Aycan
- Koç University, Rumelifeneri, Sarıyer Rumelifeneri Yolu, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatemeh Bagherian
- Department of Psychology and Education, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davide Barrera
- University of Turin and Collegio Carlo Alberto, Turin, Italy
| | - Dana Basnight-Brown
- United States International University - Africa, Box 14634 00800, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Birzhan Batkeyev
- International School of Economics, Kazakh-British Technical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Anabel Belaus
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CABA, República Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC). Facultad de Psicología (UNC), Ciudad Universitaria, Bv. de la Reforma esquina, Enfermera Gordillo s/n, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Elizaveta Berezina
- Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | | | - Sheyla Blumen
- Departamento de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, San Miguel, Lima, Peru
| | - Paweł Boski
- SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Chodakowska, Poland
| | | | - Inna Bovina
- Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bui Thi Thu Huyen
- Hanoi National University of Education, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Đorđe Čekrlija
- Faculty of philosophy, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Hoon-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Carlos C Contreras-Ibáñez
- Departamento de Sociología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rui Costa-Lopes
- Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mícheál de Barra
- Center for Culture and Evolution, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | | | - Angela Dorrough
- Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Anja Eller
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. Universidad 3004, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jan B Engelmann
- Center for Research in Experimental Economics and Political Decision Making (CREED), Amsterdam School of Economics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 15867, Amsterdam, NJ, The Netherlands
| | - Hyun Euh
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Xia Fang
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susann Fiedler
- Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Márta Fülöp
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - C M Hew D Gill
- Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Andreas Glöckner
- Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sylvie Graf
- Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ani Grigoryan
- Department of Personality Psychology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | - Katarzyna Growiec
- SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Chodakowska, Poland
| | - Peter Halama
- Center for Social and Psychological Sciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andree Hartanto
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tim Hopthrow
- School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Martina Hřebíčková
- Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Hirotaka Imada
- School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | | | - Kerry Kawakami
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Narine Khachatryan
- Department of Personality Psychology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | | | - Toko Kiyonari
- Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara-city, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Michal Kohút
- Faculty of Philosophy and Arts, University of Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Lê Thuỳ Linh
- National Economics University, Hai Ba Trung, Dong Tam District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Lisa M Leslie
- New York University, Stern School of Business, New York, NY, 10012, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Melbourne School of Psychological Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Norman P Li
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kadi Liik
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Angela T Maitner
- Department of International Studies, American University of Sharjah, PO Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bernardo Manhique
- Eduardo Mondlane University, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Harry Manley
- Faculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Imed Medhioub
- Department of Finance and Investment, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 5701, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Linda Mohammed
- Institute of Criminology and Public Safety, Valsayn Campus, Graver Road, Valsayn, University of Trinidad and Tobago, Arima, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Pegah Nejat
- Department of Psychology and Education, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Orlando Nipassa
- Eduardo Mondlane University, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Ravit Nussinson
- The Open University of Israel, Raanana, Israel.,University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nneoma G Onyedire
- Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Ike E Onyishi
- Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Seniha Özden
- Koç University, Rumelifeneri, Sarıyer Rumelifeneri Yolu, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Mpho Pheko
- Department of Psychology, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB 00705, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Anna-Maija Pirttilä-Backman
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Social Sciences, Social Psychology, PO Box 54 (Unioninkatu 37), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marianna Pogosyan
- Politics, Psychology, Law and Economics (PPLE), University of Amsterdam, PO Box 15575, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jana Raver
- Queen's University, Goodes Hall, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Cecilia Reyna
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CABA, República Argentina
| | | | - Sara Romanò
- Department of Culture, Politics and Society, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pedro P Romero
- Experimental and Computational Economics Lab (ECEL), School of Economics, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Inari Sakki
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Social Sciences, P.O. Box 162770211, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Sara Sherbaji
- Department of International Studies, American University of Sharjah, PO Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Brent Simpson
- Department of Sociology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Erna Szabo
- Department of International Management, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Kosuke Takemura
- Faculty of Economics, Shiga University, Hikone, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hassan Tieffi
- Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny Cocody-Abidjan, Centre Ivoirien d'Etude et de Recherche en Psychologie Appliquée (CIERPA), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | - Napoj Thanomkul
- Faculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Habib Tiliouine
- Labo-PECS, Faculty of Social Sciences, Université d'Oran 2, Oran, Algeria
| | - Giovanni A Travaglino
- School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.,School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Longgang District, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Yannis Tsirbas
- University of Athens, Department of Political Science and Public Administration, Athens, Greece
| | - Richard Wan
- Department of International Management, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Sita Widodo
- Department of Personality and Social Psychology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Rizqy Zein
- Department of Personality and Social Psychology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Qing-Peng Zhang
- Guangzhou University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lina Zirganou-Kazolea
- University of Athens, Department of Political Science and Public Administration, Athens, Greece
| | - Paul A M Van Lange
- VU Amsterdam, Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam (IBBA), Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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6
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Orosz G, Tóth-Király I, Büki N, Ivaskevics K, Bőthe B, Fülöp M. The Four Faces of Competition: The Development of the Multidimensional Competitive Orientation Inventory. Front Psychol 2018; 9:779. [PMID: 29872415 PMCID: PMC5972296 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, no short scale exists with established factor structure that can assess individual differences in competition. The aim of the present study was to uncover and operationalize the facets of competitive orientations with theoretical underpinning and strong psychometric properties. A total of 2676 respondents were recruited for four studies. The items were constructed based on qualitative research in different cultural contexts. A combined method of exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed. ESEM resulted in a four-factor structure of the competitive orientations and this structure was supported by a series of CFAs on different comprehensive samples. The Multidimensional Competitive Orientation Inventory (MCOI) included 12 items and four factors: hypercompetitive orientation, self-developmental competitive orientation, anxiety-driven competition avoidance, and lack of interest toward competition. Strong gender invariance was established. The four facets of competition have differentiated relationship patterns with adaptive and maladaptive personality and motivational constructs. The MCOI can assess the adaptive and maladaptive facets of competitive orientations with a short, reliable, valid and theoretically underlined multidimensional measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Orosz
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Tóth-Király
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noémi Büki
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Ivaskevics
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Criminal Psychology, Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Law Enforcement, National University of Public Service, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Bőthe
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márta Fülöp
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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7
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Orosz G, Tóth-Király I, Bőthe B, Paskuj B, Berkics M, Fülöp M, Roland-Lévy C. Linking cheating in school and corruption. European Review of Applied Psychology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Molnár M, Tóth B, Fülöp M, File B, Boha R, Kardos Z. S143 Emotions, episodic memory and error monitoring – Age-dependent event-related potential characteristics. Clin Neurophysiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.07.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Becker M, Vignoles VL, Owe E, Easterbrook MJ, Brown R, Smith PB, Abuhamdeh S, Cendales Ayala B, Garðarsdóttir RB, Torres A, Camino L, Bond MH, Nizharadze G, Amponsah B, Schweiger Gallo I, Prieto Gil P, Lorente Clemares R, Campara G, Espinosa A, Yuki M, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zinkeng M, Villamar JA, Kusdil E, Çağlar S, Regalia C, Manzi C, Brambilla M, Bourguignon D, Möller B, Fülöp M, Macapagal MEJ, Pyszczynski T, Chobthamkit P, Gausel N, Kesebir P, Herman G, Courtois M, Harb C, Jalal B, Tatarko A, Aldhafri S, Kreuzbauer R, Koller SH, Mekonnen KH, Fischer R, Milfont TL, Des Rosiers SE, Jaafar JL, Martin M, Baguma P, Lv S, Schwartz SJ, Gavreliuc A, Fritsche I, González R, Didier N, Carrasco D, Lay S. Being oneself through time: Bases of self-continuity across 55 cultures. Self and Identity 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2017.1330222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Becker
- CLLE, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UT2J, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Ellinor Owe
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | | | - Rupert Brown
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Peter B. Smith
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Sami Abuhamdeh
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Şehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Ana Torres
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Leoncio Camino
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Michael Harris Bond
- Faculty of Business, Department of Management and Marketing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, China
| | - George Nizharadze
- Department of Social Sciences, Free University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Inge Schweiger Gallo
- Departamento de Psicología Social, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Prieto Gil
- Departamento de Psicología Social, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gabriella Campara
- Departamento de Psicología Social, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Espinosa
- Department of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
| | - Masaki Yuki
- Department of Behavioral Science, Center for Experimental Research in Social Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Martina Zinkeng
- Department of Guidance Counselling, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Juan A. Villamar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ersin Kusdil
- Department of Psychology, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Selinay Çağlar
- Department of Psychology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Camillo Regalia
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Manzi
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Brambilla
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Bettina Möller
- Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Márta Fülöp
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Tom Pyszczynski
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - Phatthanakit Chobthamkit
- Faculty of Liberal Arts, Division of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Library Science, and Geography, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nicolay Gausel
- Department of Psychosocial Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Pelin Kesebir
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ginette Herman
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Marie Courtois
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Charles Harb
- Department of Psychology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Baland Jalal
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander Tatarko
- Department of Psychology, National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Said Aldhafri
- Department of Psychology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Silvia H. Koller
- Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Ronald Fischer
- Centre for Applied Cross-Cultural Research, School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Taciano L. Milfont
- Centre for Applied Cross-Cultural Research, School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Jas Laile Jaafar
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mariana Martin
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Peter Baguma
- Department of Educational, Social and Organizational Psychology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Shaobo Lv
- Department of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Seth J. Schwartz
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Alin Gavreliuc
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Immo Fritsche
- Institute of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roberto González
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas Didier
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Carrasco
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Siugmin Lay
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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10
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Sebestyén N, Ivaskevics K, Fülöp M. Narratives of effort among Chinese, Hungarian and Chinese immigrant students in Hungary. Int J Psychol 2017; 54:8-16. [PMID: 28299788 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to reveal the effect of migration processes on the conceptualisation of effort involving two cultures with different approaches towards effort: China with an effort-promoting mindset and Hungary with an effort-repressing mindset. In the study, narrative approach was used in cross-sectional design involving Chinese, Hungarian and Chinese immigrant students living in Hungary. Altogether 139 students-49 Hungarian, 47 Chinese, 43 Chinese immigrants-aged 13-15 years provided narratives on past personal effort. Content analyses were done on 222 narratives. The results showed that the Chinese narratives of effort were characterised by learning and achievement orientation with elaborated effort process. In contrast, the Hungarian narratives were characterised by relationship orientation and emotional coping with a non-elaborated effort process. The narratives of the Chinese immigrants showed great similarity to those of the Chinese students reflecting academic effort, achievement goals and elaborated process. The findings suggest that the traditional Chinese approach towards effort persists in cultural transition, and academic effort tends to be a primary resource for educational success for the Chinese immigrant students in Hungary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nóra Sebestyén
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Ivaskevics
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Behavioral Sciences, National University of Public Service, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márta Fülöp
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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11
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Krys K, Capaldi CA, van Tilburg W, Lipp OV, Bond MH, Vauclair CM, Manickam LSS, Domínguez-Espinosa A, Torres C, Lun VMC, Teyssier J, Miles LK, Hansen K, Park J, Wagner W, Yu AA, Xing C, Wise R, Sun CR, Siddiqui RS, Salem R, Rizwan M, Pavlopoulos V, Nader M, Maricchiolo F, Malbran M, Javangwe G, Işık İ, Igbokwe DO, Hur T, Hassan A, Gonzalez A, Fülöp M, Denoux P, Cenko E, Chkhaidze A, Shmeleva E, Antalíková R, Ahmed RA. Catching up with wonderful women: The women-are-wonderful effect is smaller in more gender egalitarian societies. Int J Psychol 2017; 53 Suppl 1:21-26. [PMID: 28295294 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Inequalities between men and women are common and well-documented. Objective indexes show that men are better positioned than women in societal hierarchies-there is no single country in the world without a gender gap. In contrast, researchers have found that the women-are-wonderful effect-that women are evaluated more positively than men overall-is also common. Cross-cultural studies on gender equality reveal that the more gender egalitarian the society is, the less prevalent explicit gender stereotypes are. Yet, because self-reported gender stereotypes may differ from implicit attitudes towards each gender, we reanalysed data collected across 44 cultures, and (a) confirmed that societal gender egalitarianism reduces the women-are-wonderful effect when it is measured more implicitly (i.e. rating the personality of men and women presented in images) and (b) documented that the social perception of men benefits more from gender egalitarianism than that of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuba Krys
- Institute of Psychology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Colin A Capaldi
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Ottmar V Lipp
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Michael Harris Bond
- Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - C-Melanie Vauclair
- Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Cis-IUL, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Sam S Manickam
- Centre for Applied Psychological Studies, JSS University, Kerala, India
| | | | | | | | - Julien Teyssier
- Département Clinique du Sujet, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France
| | - Lynden K Miles
- School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Joonha Park
- Department of Management, Nagoya University of Commerce and Business, Nisshin, Japan
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Department of Social and Economic Psychology, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Angela Arriola Yu
- Department of Psychology, University of the Philippines-Diliman, Philippines
| | - Cai Xing
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, China
| | - Ryan Wise
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Chien-Ru Sun
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taiwan
| | | | - Radwa Salem
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Institute of Clinical Psychology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Vassilis Pavlopoulos
- Department of Psychology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Martin Nader
- Department of Psychological Studies, Universidad ICESI, Colombia
| | | | - María Malbran
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - İdil Işık
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - David O Igbokwe
- College of Leadership Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Taekyun Hur
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Arif Hassan
- Department of Business Administration, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ana Gonzalez
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Márta Fülöp
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary and Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary
| | - Patrick Denoux
- Département Clinique du Sujet, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France
| | - Enila Cenko
- Social Sciences Research Center, University of New York Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Ana Chkhaidze
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Agricultural University of Georgia, Georgia
| | - Eleonora Shmeleva
- Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Radka Antalíková
- Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, Denmark
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12
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Hudzietzová J, Fülöp M, Sabol J, Doležal J. ASSESSMENT OF THE LOCAL EXPOSURE OF SKIN ON HANDS OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE WORKERS HANDLING 18F-LABELLED RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS: PRELIMINARY CZECH STUDY. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2016; 171:445-452. [PMID: 26503855 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The article summarises some preliminary results of the assessment of the exposure of hands of workers manipulating 18F-labelled radiopharmaceuticals based on personal monitoring at two nuclear medicine clinics in the Czech Republic. The measurements were carried out using special thermoluminescence dosemeters the readings of which could be interpreted in terms of the personal dose equivalent Hp(0.07) approximating the equivalent dose to the skin at various locations on the surface of both hands. The results have shown that out of 21 workers monitored, ∼43 % (preparation and applications of radiopharmaceuticals) may reach an exposure equal to three-tenth of the annual dose limit to the skin. At the same time, it can also be concluded that in ∼10 % cases of workers, the relevant dose limit may be exceeded.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hudzietzová
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, CTU, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Fülöp
- Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - J Sabol
- Crisis Management Department, PACR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Doležal
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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13
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Smith PB, Vignoles VL, Becker M, Owe E, Easterbrook MJ, Brown R, Bourguignon D, Garðarsdóttir RB, Kreuzbauer R, Cendales Ayala B, Yuki M, Zhang J, Lv S, Chobthamkit P, Jaafar JL, Fischer R, Milfont TL, Gavreliuc A, Baguma P, Bond MH, Martin M, Gausel N, Schwartz SJ, Des Rosiers SE, Tatarko A, González R, Didier N, Carrasco D, Lay S, Nizharadze G, Torres A, Camino L, Abuhamdeh S, Macapagal MEJ, Koller SH, Herman G, Courtois M, Fritsche I, Espinosa A, Villamar JA, Regalia C, Manzi C, Brambilla M, Zinkeng M, Jalal B, Kusdil E, Amponsah B, Çağlar S, Mekonnen KH, Möller B, Zhang X, Schweiger Gallo I, Prieto Gil P, Lorente Clemares R, Campara G, Aldhafri S, Fülöp M, Pyszczynski T, Kesebir P, Harb C. Individual and culture-level components of survey response styles: A multi-level analysis using cultural models of selfhood. Int J Psychol 2016; 51:453-463. [DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maja Becker
- CLLE, Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Ellinor Owe
- School of Psychology; University of Sussex; Brighton UK
| | | | - Rupert Brown
- School of Psychology; University of Sussex; Brighton UK
| | | | | | - Robert Kreuzbauer
- Department of Marketing and International Business and Institute on Asian Consumer Insight, Nanyang Business School; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | | | - Masaki Yuki
- Behavioral Science/Center for Experimental Research in Social Sciences, Hokkaido University; Hokkaido Japan
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Shaobo Lv
- Department of Psychology; North China University of Science and Technology; Tangshan China
| | - Phatthanakit Chobthamkit
- Division of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Library Science, and Geography, Thammasat University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Jas Laile Jaafar
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Ronald Fischer
- Centre for Applied Cross-Cultural Research, School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington; Wellington New Zealand
| | - Taciano L. Milfont
- Centre for Applied Cross-Cultural Research, School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington; Wellington New Zealand
| | - Alin Gavreliuc
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timisoara; Timisoara Romania
| | - Peter Baguma
- Department of Educational, Social and Organizational Psychology, School of Psychology, Makerere University; Kampala Uganda
| | - Michael Harris Bond
- Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business, Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong
| | - Mariana Martin
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Namibia; Windhoek Namibia
| | - Nicolay Gausel
- Department of Psychosocial Health, University of Agder; Norway
| | - Seth J. Schwartz
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine; University of Miami; Miami FL USA
| | | | - Alexander Tatarko
- Department of Psychology, Higher School of Economics; National Research University; Moscow Russia
| | - Roberto González
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Nicolas Didier
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Diego Carrasco
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Siugmin Lay
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - George Nizharadze
- Department of Social Sciences, Free University of Tbilisi; Tbilisi Georgia
| | - Ana Torres
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Paraíba; Joao Pessoa Brazil
| | - Leoncio Camino
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Paraíba; Joao Pessoa Brazil
| | - Sami Abuhamdeh
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Şehir University; Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Silvia H. Koller
- Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Ginette Herman
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain; Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Marie Courtois
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain; Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Immo Fritsche
- Institute of Psychology; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Agustín Espinosa
- Department of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú; Lima Peru
| | - Juan A. Villamar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Northwestern University; Chicago IL USA
| | - Camillo Regalia
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - Claudia Manzi
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - Maria Brambilla
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - Martina Zinkeng
- Department of Guidance and Counseling, University of Buea; Buea Cameroon
| | - Baland Jalal
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - Ersin Kusdil
- Department of Psychology; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Bettina Möller
- Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Jena Germany
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University; Osaka Japan
| | - Inge Schweiger Gallo
- Departamento de Psicología Social, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Paula Prieto Gil
- Departamento de Psicología Social, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | | | - Gabriella Campara
- Departamento de Psicología Social, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Said Aldhafri
- Department of Psychology, Sultan Qaboos University; Muscat Oman
| | - Márta Fülöp
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Budapest Hungary
| | - Tom Pyszczynski
- Department of Psychology; University of Colorado at Colorado Springs; CO USA
| | - Pelin Kesebir
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison; USA
| | - Charles Harb
- Department of Psychology, American University of Beirut; Beirut Lebanon
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14
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Vignoles VL, Owe E, Becker M, Smith PB, Easterbrook MJ, Brown R, González R, Didier N, Carrasco D, Cadena MP, Lay S, Schwartz SJ, Des Rosiers SE, Villamar JA, Gavreliuc A, Zinkeng M, Kreuzbauer R, Baguma P, Martin M, Tatarko A, Herman G, de Sauvage I, Courtois M, Garðarsdóttir RB, Harb C, Schweiger Gallo I, Prieto Gil P, Lorente Clemares R, Campara G, Nizharadze G, Macapagal MEJ, Jalal B, Bourguignon D, Zhang J, Lv S, Chybicka A, Yuki M, Zhang X, Espinosa A, Valk A, Abuhamdeh S, Amponsah B, Özgen E, Güner EÜ, Yamakoğlu N, Chobthamkit P, Pyszczynski T, Kesebir P, Vargas Trujillo E, Balanta P, Cendales Ayala B, Koller SH, Jaafar JL, Gausel N, Fischer R, Milfont TL, Kusdil E, Çağlar S, Aldhafri S, Ferreira MC, Mekonnen KH, Wang Q, Fülöp M, Torres A, Camino L, Lemos FCS, Fritsche I, Möller B, Regalia C, Manzi C, Brambilla M, Bond MH. Beyond the 'east-west' dichotomy: Global variation in cultural models of selfhood. J Exp Psychol Gen 2016; 145:966-1000. [PMID: 27359126 DOI: 10.1037/xge0000175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Markus and Kitayama's (1991) theory of independent and interdependent self-construals had a major influence on social, personality, and developmental psychology by highlighting the role of culture in psychological processes. However, research has relied excessively on contrasts between North American and East Asian samples, and commonly used self-report measures of independence and interdependence frequently fail to show predicted cultural differences. We revisited the conceptualization and measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals in 2 large-scale multinational surveys, using improved methods for cross-cultural research. We developed (Study 1: N = 2924 students in 16 nations) and validated across cultures (Study 2: N = 7279 adults from 55 cultural groups in 33 nations) a new 7-dimensional model of self-reported ways of being independent or interdependent. Patterns of global variation support some of Markus and Kitayama's predictions, but a simple contrast between independence and interdependence does not adequately capture the diverse models of selfhood that prevail in different world regions. Cultural groups emphasize different ways of being both independent and interdependent, depending on individualism-collectivism, national socioeconomic development, and religious heritage. Our 7-dimensional model will allow future researchers to test more accurately the implications of cultural models of selfhood for psychological processes in diverse ecocultural contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicolas Didier
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - Diego Carrasco
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | | | - Siugmin Lay
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - Seth J Schwartz
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami
| | | | - Juan A Villamar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University
| | | | | | - Robert Kreuzbauer
- Department of Marketing and International Business and Institute on Asian Consumer Insight, Nanyang Business School, Nanyang Technological University
| | - Peter Baguma
- Department of Educational, Social and Organizational Psychology, School of Psychology, Makerere University
| | | | - Alexander Tatarko
- Department of Psychology, National Research University Higher School of Economics
| | - Ginette Herman
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain
| | | | - Marie Courtois
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain
| | | | - Charles Harb
- Department of Psychology, American University of Beirut
| | | | - Paula Prieto Gil
- Departamento de Psicología Social, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
| | | | - Gabriella Campara
- Departamento de Psicología Social, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
| | | | | | - Baland Jalal
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge
| | | | - Jianxin Zhang
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Shaobo Lv
- Department of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology
| | | | - Masaki Yuki
- Department of Behavioral Science, Center for Experimental Research in Social Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Agustín Espinosa
- Department of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
| | - Aune Valk
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu
| | | | | | - Emre Özgen
- Department of Psychology, Yaşar University
| | | | | | - Phatthanakit Chobthamkit
- Division of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Library Science, and Geography, Thammasat University
| | - Tom Pyszczynski
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs
| | - Pelin Kesebir
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | | | | | | | - Silvia H Koller
- Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
| | - Jas Laile Jaafar
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, University of Malaya
| | | | - Ronald Fischer
- Centre for Applied Cross-Cultural Research, School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington
| | - Taciano L Milfont
- Centre for Applied Cross-Cultural Research, School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qian Wang
- Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Márta Fülöp
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences
| | - Ana Torres
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Paraíba
| | | | | | | | - Bettina Möller
- Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
| | | | - Claudia Manzi
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan
| | | | - Michael Harris Bond
- Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business, Hong Kong Polytechnic University
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15
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Langsteger W, Rezaee A, Loidl W, Geinitz HS, Fitz F, Steinmair M, Broinger G, Pallwien-Prettner L, Beheshti M, Imamovic L, Beheshti M, Rendl G, Hackl D, Tsybrovsky O, Steinmair M, Emmanuel K, Moinfar F, Pirich C, Langsteger W, Bytyqi A, Karanikas G, Mayerhöfer M, Koperek O, Niederle B, Hartenbach M, Beyer T, Herrmann K, Czernin J, Rausch I, Rust P, DiFranco MD, Lassen M, Stadlbauer A, Mayerhöfer ME, Hartenbach M, Hacker M, Beyer T, Binzel K, Magnussen R, Wei W, Knopp MU, Flanigan DC, Kaeding C, Knopp MV, Leisser A, Nejabat M, Hartenbach M, Kramer G, Krainer M, Hacker M, Haug A, Lehnert W, Schmidt K, Kimiaei S, Bronzel M, Kluge A, Wright CL, Binzel K, Zhang J, Wuthrick E, Maniawski P, Knopp MV, Blaickner M, Rados E, Huber A, Dulovits M, Kulkarni H, Wiessalla S, Schuchardt C, Baum RP, Knäusl B, Georg D, Bauer M, Wulkersdorfer B, Wadsak W, Philippe C, Haslacher H, Zeitlinger M, Langer O, Bauer M, Feldmann M, Karch R, Wadsak W, Zeitlinger M, Koepp MJ, Asselin MC, Pataraia E, Langer O, Zeilinger M, Philippe C, Dumanic M, Pichler F, Pilz J, Hacker M, Wadsak W, Mitterhauser M, Nics L, Steiner B, Hacker M, Mitterhauser M, Wadsak W, Traxl A, Wanek T, Kryeziu K, Mairinger S, Stanek J, Berger W, Kuntner C, Langer O, Mairinger S, Wanek T, Traxl A, Krohn M, Stanek J, Filip T, Sauberer M, Kuntner C, Pahnke J, Langer O, Svatunek D, Denk C, Wilkovitsch M, Wanek T, Filip T, Kuntner-Hannes C, Fröhlich J, Mikula H, Denk C, Svatunek D, Wanek T, Mairinger S, Stanek J, Filip T, Fröhlich J, Mikula H, Kuntner-Hannes C, Balber T, Singer J, Fazekas J, Rami-Mark C, Berroterán-Infante N, Jensen-Jarolim E, Wadsak W, Hacker M, Viernstein H, Mitterhauser M, Denk C, Svatunek D, Sohr B, Mikula H, Fröhlich J, Wanek T, Kuntner-Hannes C, Filip T, Pfaff S, Philippe C, Mitterhauser M, Hartenbach M, Hacker M, Wadsak W, Wanek T, Halilbasic E, Visentin M, Mairinger S, Stieger B, Kuntner C, Trauner M, Langer O, Lam P, Aistleitner M, Eichinger R, Artner C, Eidherr H, Vraka C, Haug A, Mitterhauser M, Nics L, Hartenbach M, Hacker M, Wadsak W, Kvaternik H, Müller R, Hausberger D, Zink C, Aigner RM, Cossío U, Asensio M, Montes A, Akhtar S, Te Welscher Y, van Nostrum R, Gómez-Vallejo V, Llop J, VandeVyver F, Barclay T, Lippens N, Troch M, Hehenwarter L, Egger B, Holzmannhofer J, Rodrigues-Radischat M, Pirich C, Pötsch N, Rausch I, Wilhelm D, Weber M, Furtner J, Karanikas G, Wöhrer A, Mitterhauser M, Hacker M, Traub-Weidinger T, Cassou-Mounat T, Balogova S, Nataf V, Calzada M, Huchet V, Kerrou K, Devaux JY, Mohty M, Garderet L, Talbot JN, Stanzel S, Pregartner G, Schwarz T, Bjelic-Radisic V, Liegl-Atzwanger B, Aigner R, Stanzel S, Quehenberger F, Aigner RM, Marković AK, Janković M, Jerković VM, Paskaš M, Pupić G, Džodić R, Popović D, Fornito MC, Familiari D, Koranda P, Polzerová H, Metelková I, Henzlová L, Formánek R, Buriánková E, Kamínek M, Thomson WH, Lewis C, Thomson WH, O'Brien J, James G, Notghi A, Huber H, Stelzmüller I, Wunn R, Mandl M, Fellner F, Lamprecht B, Gabriel M, Fornito MC, Leonardi G, Thomson WH, O'Brien J, James G, Hudzietzová J, Sabol J, Fülöp M. 32nd International Austrian Winter Symposium : Zell am See, the Netherlands. 20-23 January 2016. EJNMMI Res 2016; 6:32. [PMID: 27090254 PMCID: PMC4835428 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-016-0168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A1 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in staging and restaging of Prostate Cancer Patients: comparative study with 18F-Choline PET/CT W Langsteger, A Rezaee, W Loidl, HS Geinitz, F Fitz, M Steinmair, G Broinger, L Pallwien-Prettner, M Beheshti A2 F18 Choline PET – CT: an accurate diagnostic tool for the detection of parathyroid adenoma? L Imamovic, M Beheshti, G Rendl, D Hackl, O Tsybrovsky, M Steinmair, K Emmanuel, F Moinfar, C Pirich, W Langsteger A3 [18F]Fluoro-DOPA-PET/CT in the primary diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma A Bytyqi, G Karanikas, M Mayerhöfer, O Koperek, B Niederle, M Hartenbach A4 Variations of clinical PET/MR operations: An international survey on the clinical utilization of PET/MRI T Beyer, K Herrmann, J Czernin A5 Standard Dixon-based attenuation correction in combined PET/MRI: Reproducibility and the possibility of Lean body mass estimation I Rausch, P Rust, MD DiFranco, M Lassen, A Stadlbauer, ME Mayerhöfer, M Hartenbach, M Hacker, T Beyer A6 High resolution digital FDG PET/MRI imaging for assessment of ACL graft viability K Binzel, R Magnussen, W Wei, MU Knopp, DC Flanigan, C Kaeding, MV Knopp A7 Using pre-existing hematotoxicity as predictor for severe side effects and number of treatment cycles of Xofigo therapy A Leisser, M Nejabat, M Hartenbach, G Kramer, M Krainer, M Hacker, A Haug A8 QDOSE – comprehensive software solution for internal dose assessment Wencke Lehnert, Karl Schmidt, Sharok Kimiaei, Marcus Bronzel, Andreas Kluge A9 Clinical impact of Time-of-Flight on next-generation digital PET imaging of Yttrium-90 radioactivity following liver radioembolization CL Wright, K Binzel, J Zhang, Evan Wuthrick, Piotr Maniawski, MV Knopp A10 Snakes in patients! Lessons learned from programming active contours for automated organ segmentation M Blaickner, E Rados, A Huber, M Dulovits, H Kulkarni, S Wiessalla, C Schuchardt, RP Baum, B Knäusl, D Georg A11 Influence of a genetic polymorphism on brain uptake of the dual ABCB1/ABCG2 substrate [11C]tariquidar M Bauer, B Wulkersdorfer, W Wadsak, C Philippe, H Haslacher, M Zeitlinger, O Langer A12 Outcome prediction of temporal lobe epilepsy surgery from P-glycoprotein activity. Pooled analysis of (R)-[11C]-verapamil PET data from two European centres M Bauer, M Feldmann, R Karch, W Wadsak, M Zeitlinger, MJ Koepp, M-C Asselin, E Pataraia, O Langer A13 In-vitro and in-vivo characterization of [18F]FE@SNAP and derivatives for the visualization of the melanin concentrating hormone receptor 1 M Zeilinger, C Philippe, M Dumanic, F Pichler, J Pilz, M Hacker, W Wadsak, M Mitterhauser A14 Reducing time in quality control leads to higher specific radioactivity of short-lived radiotracers L Nics, B Steiner, M Hacker, M Mitterhauser, W Wadsak A15 In vitro 11C-erlotinib binding experiments in cancer cell lines with epidermal growth factor receptor mutations A Traxl, Thomas Wanek, Kushtrim Kryeziu, Severin Mairinger, Johann Stanek, Walter Berger, Claudia Kuntner, Oliver Langer A16 7-[11C]methyl-6-bromopurine, a PET tracer to measure brain Mrp1 function: radiosynthesis and first PET evaluation in mice S Mairinger, T Wanek, A Traxl, M Krohn, J Stanek, T Filip, M Sauberer, C Kuntner, J Pahnke, O Langer A17 18F labeled azidoglucose derivatives as “click” agents for pretargeted PET imaging D Svatunek, C Denk, M Wilkovitsch, T Wanek, T Filip, C Kuntner-Hannes, J Fröhlich, H Mikula A18 Bioorthogonal tools for PET imaging: development of radiolabeled 1,2,4,5-Tetrazines C Denk, D Svatunek, T Wanek, S Mairinger, J Stanek, T Filip, J Fröhlich, H Mikula, C Kuntner-Hannes A19 Preclinical evaluation of [18F]FE@SUPPY- a new PET-tracer for oncology T Balber, J Singer, J Fazekas, C Rami-Mark, N Berroterán-Infante, E Jensen-Jarolim, W Wadsak, M Hacker, H Viernstein, M Mitterhauser A20 Investigation of Small [18F]-Fluoroalkylazides for Rapid Radiolabeling and In Vivo Click Chemistry C Denk, D Svatunek, B Sohr, H Mikula, J Fröhlich, T Wanek, C Kuntner-Hannes, T Filip A21 Microfluidic 68Ga-radiolabeling of PSMA-HBED-CC using a flow-through reactor S Pfaff, C Philippe, M Mitterhauser, M Hartenbach, M Hacker, W Wadsak A22 Influence of 24-nor-ursodeoxycholic acid on hepatic disposition of [18F]ciprofloxacin measured with positron emission tomography T Wanek, E Halilbasic, M Visentin, S Mairinger, B Stieger, C Kuntner, M Trauner, O Langer A23 Automated 18F-flumazenil production using chemically resistant disposable cassettes P Lam, M Aistleitner, R Eichinger, C Artner A24 Similarities and differences in the synthesis and quality control of 177Lu-DOTA-TATE, 177Lu -HA-DOTA-TATE and 177Lu-DOTA-PSMA (PSMA-617) H Eidherr, C Vraka, A Haug, M Mitterhauser, L Nics, M Hartenbach, M Hacker, W Wadsak A25 68Ga- and 177Lu-labelling of PSMA-617 H Kvaternik, R Müller, D Hausberger, C Zink, RM Aigner A26 Radiolabelling of liposomes with 67Ga and biodistribution studies after administration by an aerosol inhalation system U Cossío, M Asensio, A Montes, S Akhtar, Y te Welscher, R van Nostrum, V Gómez-Vallejo, J Llop A27 Fully automated quantification of DaTscan SPECT: Integration of age and gender differences F VandeVyver, T Barclay, N Lippens, M Troch A28 Lesion-to-background ratio in co-registered 18F-FET PET/MR imaging – is it a valuable tool to differentiate between low grade and high grade brain tumor? L Hehenwarter, B Egger, J Holzmannhofer, M Rodrigues-Radischat, C Pirich A29 [11C]-methionine PET in gliomas - a retrospective data analysis of 166 patients N Pötsch, I Rausch, D Wilhelm, M Weber, J Furtner, G Karanikas, A Wöhrer, M Mitterhauser, M Hacker, T Traub-Weidinger A30 18F-Fluorocholine versus 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose for PET/CT imaging in patients with relapsed or progressive multiple myeloma: a pilot study T Cassou-Mounat, S Balogova, V Nataf, M Calzada, V Huchet, K Kerrou, J-Y Devaux, M Mohty, L Garderet, J-N Talbot A31 Prognostic benefit of additional SPECT/CT in sentinel lymph node mapping of breast cancer patients S Stanzel, G Pregartner, T Schwarz, V Bjelic-Radisic, B Liegl-Atzwanger, R Aigner A32 Evaluation of diagnostic value of TOF-18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with suspected pancreatic cancer S Stanzel, F Quehenberger, RM Aigner A33 New quantification method for diagnosis of primary hyperpatahyroidism lesions and differential diagnosis vs thyropid nodular disease in dynamic scintigraphy A Koljević Marković, Milica Janković, V Miler Jerković, M Paskaš, G Pupić, R Džodić, D Popović A34 A rare case of diffuse pancreatic involvement in patient with merkel cell carcinoma detected by 18F-FDG MC Fornito, D Familiari A35 TSH-stimulated 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of recurrent/metastatic radioiodine-negative differentiated thyroid carcinomas in patients with various thyroglobuline levels P Koranda, H Polzerová, I Metelková, L Henzlová, R Formánek, E Buriánková, M Kamínek A36 Breast Dose from lactation following I131 treatment WH Thomson, C Lewis A37 A new concept for performing SeHCAT studies with the gamma camera WH Thomson, J O’Brien, G James, A Notghi A38 Whole body F-18-FDG-PET and tuberculosis: sensitivity compared to x-ray-CT H Huber, I Stelzmüller, R Wunn, M Mandl, F Fellner, B Lamprecht, M Gabriel A39 Emerging role 18F-FDG PET-CT in the diagnosis and follow-up of the infection in heartware ventricular assist system (HVAD) MC Fornito, G Leonardi A40 Validation of Poisson resampling software WH Thomson, J O’Brien, G James A41 Protection of PET nuclear medicine personnel: problems in satisfying dose limit requirements J Hudzietzová, J Sabol, M Fülöp
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Affiliation(s)
- W Langsteger
- PET-CT Center Linz, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - A Rezaee
- PET-CT Center Linz, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - W Loidl
- Prostate Cancer Center Linz, Department of Urology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - H S Geinitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - F Fitz
- PET-CT Center Linz, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - M Steinmair
- PET-CT Center Linz, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - G Broinger
- Department of Radiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - L Pallwien-Prettner
- PET - CT Center Linz & Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - M Beheshti
- PET-CT Center Linz, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - L Imamovic
- PET - CT Center Linz & Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - M Beheshti
- PET - CT Center Linz & Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - G Rendl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - D Hackl
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - O Tsybrovsky
- Department of Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - M Steinmair
- PET - CT Center Linz & Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - K Emmanuel
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - F Moinfar
- Department of Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - C Pirich
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - W Langsteger
- PET - CT Center Linz & Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - A Bytyqi
- PET-CT Center Linz, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - G Karanikas
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Mayerhöfer
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of General and Pediatric Radiology, Vienna, Austria
| | - O Koperek
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Pathology, Vienna, Austria
| | - B Niederle
- Medical University Vienna, Division of Surgical Endocrinology, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Hartenbach
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Beyer
- QIMP, CMPBME, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - K Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Würzburg, ᅟ, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA, ᅟ, USA
| | - J Czernin
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA, ᅟ, USA
| | - I Rausch
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - P Rust
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M D DiFranco
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Lassen
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - A Stadlbauer
- Division of General and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M E Mayerhöfer
- Division of General and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Hartenbach
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - T Beyer
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - K Binzel
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - R Magnussen
- Sports Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - W Wei
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M U Knopp
- Sports Medicine, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA, USA
| | - D C Flanigan
- Sports Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C Kaeding
- Sports Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M V Knopp
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - A Leisser
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Nejabat
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Hartenbach
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - G Kramer
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Krainer
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - A Haug
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - Wencke Lehnert
- ABX-CRO advanced pharmaceutical services (Forschungsgesellschaft mbH), Dresden, Germany
| | - Karl Schmidt
- ABX-CRO advanced pharmaceutical services (Forschungsgesellschaft mbH), Dresden, Germany
| | - Sharok Kimiaei
- ABX-CRO advanced pharmaceutical services (Forschungsgesellschaft mbH), Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcus Bronzel
- ABX-CRO advanced pharmaceutical services (Forschungsgesellschaft mbH), Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Kluge
- ABX-CRO advanced pharmaceutical services (Forschungsgesellschaft mbH), Dresden, Germany
| | - C L Wright
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - K Binzel
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Evan Wuthrick
- Radiation Oncology, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Piotr Maniawski
- Clinical Science - Nuclear Medicine, Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - M V Knopp
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M Blaickner
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Health & Environment Department -Biomedical Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Rados
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Health & Environment Department -Biomedical Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Huber
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Health & Environment Department -Biomedical Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Dulovits
- Woogieworks Animation Studio, Perchtoldsdorf, Austria
| | - H Kulkarni
- THERANOSTICS Center for Molecular Radiotherapy and Molecular Imaging (PET/CT) ENETS Center of Excellence, Zentralklinik Bad Berka, ᅟ, Germany
| | - S Wiessalla
- THERANOSTICS Center for Molecular Radiotherapy and Molecular Imaging (PET/CT) ENETS Center of Excellence, Zentralklinik Bad Berka, ᅟ, Germany
| | - C Schuchardt
- THERANOSTICS Center for Molecular Radiotherapy and Molecular Imaging (PET/CT) ENETS Center of Excellence, Zentralklinik Bad Berka, ᅟ, Germany
| | - R P Baum
- THERANOSTICS Center for Molecular Radiotherapy and Molecular Imaging (PET/CT) ENETS Center of Excellence, Zentralklinik Bad Berka, ᅟ, Germany
| | - B Knäusl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Medical Radiation Physics, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Medical Radiation Research for Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - D Georg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Medical Radiation Physics, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Medical Radiation Research for Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Bauer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - B Wulkersdorfer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Wadsak
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Philippe
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Haslacher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Zeitlinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - O Langer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Health and Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - M Bauer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - M Feldmann
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,University College London, London, UK
| | - R Karch
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Wadsak
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Zeitlinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M J Koepp
- University College London, London, UK
| | - M-C Asselin
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - E Pataraia
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - O Langer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Zeilinger
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Radiopharmacy and Experimental Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - C Philippe
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Radiopharmacy and Experimental Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Dumanic
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Radiopharmacy and Experimental Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - F Pichler
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Radiopharmacy and Experimental Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - J Pilz
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Radiopharmacy and Experimental Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Hacker
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Radiopharmacy and Experimental Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - W Wadsak
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Radiopharmacy and Experimental Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Mitterhauser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Radiopharmacy and Experimental Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Applied Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Nics
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - B Steiner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Hacker
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Mitterhauser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Applied Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Wadsak
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - A Traxl
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Thomas Wanek
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Kushtrim Kryeziu
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Severin Mairinger
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Johann Stanek
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Kuntner
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Oliver Langer
- Biomedical Systems, Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Mairinger
- Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - T Wanek
- Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - A Traxl
- Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - M Krohn
- Department of Neuro-/Pathology, University of Oslo (UiO) and Oslo University Hospital (OUS), Oslo, Norway
| | - J Stanek
- Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - T Filip
- Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - M Sauberer
- Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - C Kuntner
- Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - J Pahnke
- Department of Neuro-/Pathology, University of Oslo (UiO) and Oslo University Hospital (OUS), Oslo, Norway
| | - O Langer
- Health & Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Svatunek
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Denk
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Wilkovitsch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Wanek
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Filip
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - J Fröhlich
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Mikula
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Denk
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Svatunek
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Wanek
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Biomedical Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Mairinger
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Biomedical Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Stanek
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Biomedical Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Filip
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Biomedical Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Fröhlich
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Mikula
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Kuntner-Hannes
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Biomedical Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Balber
- Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - J Singer
- Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria.,Department of Immunology and Oncology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria.,Department of Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - J Fazekas
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria.,Department of Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - C Rami-Mark
- Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - N Berroterán-Infante
- Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - E Jensen-Jarolim
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria.,Department of Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - W Wadsak
- Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Hacker
- Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - H Viernstein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Mitterhauser
- Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - C Denk
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Svatunek
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - B Sohr
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Mikula
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Fröhlich
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Wanek
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Biomedical Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Kuntner-Hannes
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Biomedical Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Filip
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Biomedical Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Pfaff
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria.,Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - C Philippe
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Mitterhauser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria.,LBI for Applied Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Hartenbach
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Hacker
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - W Wadsak
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria.,Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - T Wanek
- Health and Environment Department, Biomedical Systems, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - E Halilbasic
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Visentin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Mairinger
- Health and Environment Department, Biomedical Systems, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - B Stieger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Kuntner
- Health and Environment Department, Biomedical Systems, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - M Trauner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - O Langer
- Health and Environment Department, Biomedical Systems, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - P Lam
- IASON GmbH, Feldkirchnerstraße 4, A-8054, Graz-Seiersberg, Austria
| | - M Aistleitner
- IASON GmbH, Feldkirchnerstraße 4, A-8054, Graz-Seiersberg, Austria
| | - R Eichinger
- IASON GmbH, Feldkirchnerstraße 4, A-8054, Graz-Seiersberg, Austria
| | - C Artner
- IASON GmbH, Feldkirchnerstraße 4, A-8054, Graz-Seiersberg, Austria
| | - H Eidherr
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - C Vraka
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - A Haug
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Mitterhauser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria.,LBI for Applied Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Nics
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Hartenbach
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Hacker
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - W Wadsak
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, ᅟ, Austria
| | - H Kvaternik
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Graz, ᅟ, Austria
| | - R Müller
- Seibersdorf Labor GmbH, ᅟ, Austria
| | - D Hausberger
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Graz, ᅟ, Austria
| | - C Zink
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Graz, ᅟ, Austria
| | - R M Aigner
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Graz, ᅟ, Austria
| | - U Cossío
- CIC biomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009, Donostia, Spain
| | - M Asensio
- Engineering Department, Ingeniatrics Tecnologies, P.I. Parque Plata, Camino Mozárabe 41, 41900, Camas-Sevilla, Spain
| | - A Montes
- Engineering Department, Ingeniatrics Tecnologies, P.I. Parque Plata, Camino Mozárabe 41, 41900, Camas-Sevilla, Spain
| | - S Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Y Te Welscher
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R van Nostrum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - V Gómez-Vallejo
- CIC biomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009, Donostia, Spain
| | - J Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009, Donostia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - M Troch
- AZ St-Lucas Gent, ᅟ, Belgium
| | - L Hehenwarter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, ᅟ, Germany
| | - B Egger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, ᅟ, Germany
| | - J Holzmannhofer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, ᅟ, Germany
| | - M Rodrigues-Radischat
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, ᅟ, Germany
| | - C Pirich
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, ᅟ, Germany
| | - N Pötsch
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - I Rausch
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Wilhelm
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Weber
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Furtner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Karanikas
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Wöhrer
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Mitterhauser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Hacker
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Traub-Weidinger
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Cassou-Mounat
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Saint Antoine, AP-HP et Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP & Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France
| | - S Balogova
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP & Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Comenius university & St. Elisabeth Oncology Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - V Nataf
- Radiopharmacy, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - M Calzada
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Saint Antoine, AP-HP et Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France
| | - V Huchet
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP & Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France
| | - K Kerrou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP & Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France
| | - J-Y Devaux
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Saint Antoine, AP-HP et Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France
| | - M Mohty
- Hematology, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Paris, France.,INSERM UMRs U938, Paris, France
| | - L Garderet
- Hematology, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - J-N Talbot
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP & Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France
| | - S Stanzel
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, ᅟ, Austria
| | - G Pregartner
- Medical University of Graz, Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, ᅟ, Austria
| | - T Schwarz
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, ᅟ, Austria
| | - V Bjelic-Radisic
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, ᅟ, Austria
| | | | - R Aigner
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, ᅟ, Austria
| | - S Stanzel
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, ᅟ, Austria
| | - F Quehenberger
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Documentation, ᅟ, Austria
| | - R M Aigner
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, ᅟ, Austria
| | - A Koljević Marković
- Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Janković
- National Cancer Research Center Serbia, University of Belgrade- School of Electrical Engineering, ᅟ, Serbia
| | - V Miler Jerković
- National Cancer Research Center Serbia, University of Belgrade- School of Electrical Engineering, ᅟ, Serbia
| | - M Paskaš
- National Cancer Research Center Serbia, Innovation Center, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Electrical Engineering, ᅟ, Serbia
| | - G Pupić
- National Cancer Research Center Serbia, University of Belgrade- School of Electrical Engineering, ᅟ, Serbia
| | - R Džodić
- National Cancer Research Center Serbia, University of Belgrade- School of Electrical Engineering, ᅟ, Serbia
| | - D Popović
- National Cancer Research Center Serbia, University of Belgrade- School of Electrical Engineering, ᅟ, Serbia
| | - M C Fornito
- Nuclear Medicine Department and PET/CT center - A.R.N.A.S " Garibaldi - Nesima", Via Palermo 636, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - D Familiari
- Nuclear Medicine Department and PET/CT center - A.R.N.A.S " Garibaldi - Nesima", Via Palermo 636, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - P Koranda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - H Polzerová
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - I Metelková
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - L Henzlová
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - R Formánek
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - E Buriánková
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - M Kamínek
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - W H Thomson
- Physics and Nuclear Medicine Department City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - C Lewis
- Maternity Department City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - W H Thomson
- Physics and Nuclear Medicine Department, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - J O'Brien
- Physics and Nuclear Medicine Department, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - G James
- Physics and Nuclear Medicine Department, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Notghi
- Physics and Nuclear Medicine Department, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - H Huber
- Institut für Nuklearmedizin und Endokrinologie, AKH Linz/Kepler Universitätsklinikum, ᅟ, Austria
| | - I Stelzmüller
- Abteilung für Lungenkrankheiten, AKH Linz/Kepler Universitätsklinikum, ᅟ, Austria
| | - R Wunn
- Zentrales Radiologie-Institut, AKH Linz/Kepler Universitätsklinikum, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Mandl
- Abteilung für Lungenkrankheiten, AKH Linz/Kepler Universitätsklinikum, ᅟ, Austria
| | - F Fellner
- Zentrales Radiologie-Institut, AKH Linz/Kepler Universitätsklinikum, ᅟ, Austria
| | - B Lamprecht
- Abteilung für Lungenkrankheiten, AKH Linz/Kepler Universitätsklinikum, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M Gabriel
- Institut für Nuklearmedizin und Endokrinologie, AKH Linz/Kepler Universitätsklinikum, ᅟ, Austria
| | - M C Fornito
- Nuclear Medicine Department and PET/CT center - A.R.N.A.S " Garibaldi - Nesima", Via Palermo 636, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - G Leonardi
- Heart-Failure Department - Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria "Policlinico- Vittorio Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - W H Thomson
- Physics and Nuclear Medicine Department, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - J O'Brien
- Physics and Nuclear Medicine Department, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - G James
- Physics and Nuclear Medicine Department, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Hudzietzová
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, CTU, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Sabol
- Faculty of Safety Management, PACR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Fülöp
- Faculty of Public Health, SMU, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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16
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Krys K, -Melanie Vauclair C, Capaldi CA, Lun VMC, Bond MH, Domínguez-Espinosa A, Torres C, Lipp OV, Manickam LSS, Xing C, Antalíková R, Pavlopoulos V, Teyssier J, Hur T, Hansen K, Szarota P, Ahmed RA, Burtceva E, Chkhaidze A, Cenko E, Denoux P, Fülöp M, Hassan A, Igbokwe DO, Işık İ, Javangwe G, Malbran M, Maricchiolo F, Mikarsa H, Miles LK, Nader M, Park J, Rizwan M, Salem R, Schwarz B, Shah I, Sun CR, van Tilburg W, Wagner W, Wise R, Yu AA. Be Careful Where You Smile: Culture Shapes Judgments of Intelligence and Honesty of Smiling Individuals. J Nonverbal Behav 2015; 40:101-116. [PMID: 27194817 PMCID: PMC4840223 DOI: 10.1007/s10919-015-0226-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Smiling individuals are usually perceived more favorably than non-smiling ones—they are judged as happier, more attractive, competent, and friendly. These seemingly clear and obvious consequences of smiling are assumed to be culturally universal, however most of the psychological research is carried out in WEIRD societies (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic) and the influence of culture on social perception of nonverbal behavior is still understudied. Here we show that a smiling individual may be judged as less intelligent than the same non-smiling individual in cultures low on the GLOBE’s uncertainty avoidance dimension. Furthermore, we show that corruption at the societal level may undermine the prosocial perception of smiling—in societies with high corruption indicators, trust toward smiling individuals is reduced. This research fosters understanding of the cultural framework surrounding nonverbal communication processes and reveals that in some cultures smiling may lead to negative attributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuba Krys
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jaracza 1, 00-378 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Colin A Capaldi
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Vivian Miu-Chi Lun
- Department of Applied Psychology, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Michael Harris Bond
- Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Business, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Claudio Torres
- Institute of Psychology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ottmar V Lipp
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Cai Xing
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Radka Antalíková
- Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Julien Teyssier
- Département Clinique du Sujet, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France
| | - Taekyun Hur
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Piotr Szarota
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jaracza 1, 00-378 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Eleonora Burtceva
- Faculty of Sociology, Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ana Chkhaidze
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Agricultural University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Enila Cenko
- University of New York Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Patrick Denoux
- Département Clinique du Sujet, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France
| | - Márta Fülöp
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arif Hassan
- Department of Business Administration, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - David O Igbokwe
- College of Leadership Development Studies, Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State Nigeria
| | - İdil Işık
- Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - María Malbran
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Hera Mikarsa
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Lynden K Miles
- School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Martin Nader
- Department of Psychological Studies, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia
| | - Joonha Park
- Nagoya University of Commerce and Business, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Luzern, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Radwa Salem
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York City, NY USA
| | - Beate Schwarz
- Department of Applied Psychology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irfana Shah
- Department of Psychology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Chien-Ru Sun
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China
| | | | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Department of Social and Economic Psychology, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Ryan Wise
- Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Angela Arriola Yu
- Department of Psychology, University of the Philippines-Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
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17
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Nagy T, van Lien R, Willemsen G, Proctor G, Efting M, Fülöp M, Bárdos G, Veerman EC, Bosch JA. A fluid response: Alpha-amylase reactions to acute laboratory stress are related to sample timing and saliva flow rate. Biol Psychol 2015; 109:111-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Keresztes N, Pikó B, Fülöp M. Does Competitiveness Count? The Role of Competitive Attitudes in Health Risk and Preventive Health Behaviours. EJMH 2015. [DOI: 10.5708/ejmh.10.2015.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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19
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Becker M, Vignoles VL, Owe E, Easterbrook MJ, Brown R, Smith PB, Bond MH, Regalia C, Manzi C, Brambilla M, Aldhafri S, González R, Carrasco D, Paz Cadena M, Lay S, Schweiger Gallo I, Torres A, Camino L, Özgen E, Güner ÜE, Yamakoğlu N, Silveira Lemos FC, Trujillo EV, Balanta P, Macapagal MEJ, Cristina Ferreira M, Herman G, de Sauvage I, Bourguignon D, Wang Q, Fülöp M, Harb C, Chybicka A, Mekonnen KH, Martin M, Nizharadze G, Gavreliuc A, Buitendach J, Valk A, Koller SH. Cultural Bases for Self-Evaluation. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2014; 40:657-75. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167214522836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Several theories propose that self-esteem, or positive self-regard, results from fulfilling the value priorities of one’s surrounding culture. Yet, surprisingly little evidence exists for this assertion, and theories differ about whether individuals must personally endorse the value priorities involved. We compared the influence of four bases for self-evaluation (controlling one’s life, doing one’s duty, benefitting others, achieving social status) among 4,852 adolescents across 20 cultural samples, using an implicit, within-person measurement technique to avoid cultural response biases. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses showed that participants generally derived feelings of self-esteem from all four bases, but especially from those that were most consistent with the value priorities of others in their cultural context. Multilevel analyses confirmed that the bases of positive self-regard are sustained collectively: They are predictably moderated by culturally normative values but show little systematic variation with personally endorsed values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Diego Carrasco
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Siugmin Lay
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qian Wang
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
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20
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Vrba T, Malátová I, Fojtík P, Fülöp M, Ragan P. A simple physical phantom for an intercomparison exercise on 241Am activity determination in the skull. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2014; 158:224-229. [PMID: 24080780 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nct213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A simple hemispherical phantom has been designed and prepared for the EURADOS intercomparison exercise on (241)Am activity determination in the skull (2011-13). The phantom consists of three parts that substitute bone and soft tissues. (241)Am is deposited on the surfaces of the bone-substituting part. The design and assumed composition of phantom parts are discussed. A preparation of the voxel representation of the phantom is described. The spectrum of a real measurement of the physical phantom agrees well with the simulation. The physical phantom, and its voxel representation, is provided to the participants of the intercomparison exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Vrba
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Břehová 7, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
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21
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Owe E, Vignoles VL, Becker M, Brown R, Smith PB, Lee SWS, Easterbrook M, Gadre T, Zhang X, Gheorghiu M, Baguma P, Tatarko A, Aldhafri S, Zinkeng M, Schwartz SJ, Des Rosiers SE, Villamar JA, Mekonnen KH, Regalia C, Manzi C, Brambilla M, Kusdil E, Çağ lar S, Gavreliuc A, Martin M, Jianxin Z, Lv S, Fischer R, Milfont TL, Torres A, Camino L, Kreuzbauer R, Gausel N, Buitendach JH, Lemos FCS, Fritsche I, Möller B, Harb C, Valk A, Espinosa A, Jaafar JL, Yuki M, Ferreira MC, Chobthamkit P, Fülöp M, Chybicka A, Wang Q, Bond MH, González R, Didier N, Carrasco D, Cadena MP, Lay S, Garðarsdóttir RB, Nizharadze G, Pyszczynski T, Kesebir P, Herman G, de Sauvage I, Courtois M, Bourguignon D, Özgen E, Güner ÜE, Yamakoğlu N, Abuhamdeh S, Mogaji A, Macapagal MEJ, Koller SH, Amponsah B, Misra G, Kapur P, Vargas Trujillo E, Balanta P, Cendales Ayala B, Schweiger Gallo I, Prieto Gil P, Clemares RL, Campara G, Jalal B. Contextualism as an Important Facet of Individualism-Collectivism. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/0022022111430255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Beliefs about personhood are understood to be a defining feature of individualism-collectivism (I-C), but they have been insufficiently explored, given the emphasis of research on values and self-construals. We propose the construct of contextualism, referring to beliefs about the importance of context in understanding people, as a facet of cultural collectivism. A brief measure was developed and refined across 19 nations (Study 1: N = 5,241), showing good psychometric properties for cross-cultural use and correlating well at the nation level with other supposed facets and indicators of I-C. In Study 2 ( N = 8,652), nation-level contextualism predicted ingroup favoritism, corruption, and differential trust of ingroup and outgroup members, while controlling for other facets of I-C, across 35 nations. We conclude that contextualism is an important part of cultural collectivism. This highlights the importance of beliefs alongside values and self-representations and contributes to a wider understanding of cultural processes.
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Affiliation(s)
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- Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Siugmin Lay
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Pelin Kesebir
- University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
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Varga G, Erces D, Fazekas B, Fülöp M, Kovács T, Kaszaki J, Fülöp F, Vécsei L, Boros M. N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonism decreases motility and inflammatory activation in the early phase of acute experimental colitis in the rat. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2010; 22:217-25, e68. [PMID: 19735360 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2009.01390.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases are accompanied by severe motility disorders. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the blockade of peripheral N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-sensitive glutamate receptors (NMDA-Rs) alters motility changes in chemically induced acute colitis and how this modulation is accomplished. METHODS The inflammatory and motility changes in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis were studied in anaesthetized Wistar rats following treatment with the natural NMDA-R antagonist kynurenic acid (KynA) or SZR-72, a blood-brain barrier-permeable synthetic KynA analogue. The macrohaemodynamics, serosal microcirculation (visualized by intravital videomicroscopy), plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), inflammatory enzyme activities (xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)), and colonic motility (with a strain-gauge technique) were evaluated 17 h after colitis induction and compared with the control conditions. KEY RESULTS The TNBS enema induced a systemic hyperdynamic circulatory reaction, increased the serosal capillary blood flow, significantly elevated the mucosal XOR, MPO and NOS activities and augmented the colonic motility relative to the controls. The NMDA-R antagonist treatment with KynA or SZR-72 significantly reduced the XOR, NOS and MPO activities, decreased the motility and increased the tone of the colon. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES These data demonstrate a potential modulatory mechanism of NMDA-R in altered colonic motility in TNBS colitis. Inhibition of the enteric NMDA-Rs may provide a therapeutic option via which to influence intestinal hypermotility, microcirculatory changes and inflammatory activation simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Varga
- Institute of Surgical Research, Szent-Györgyi Albert Medical and Pharmaceutical Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Koltai P, Remenár E, Boér A, Fülöp M, Koltai L, Oberna F, Udvaros I, Pólus K, Kásler M. [Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in head and neck cancer]. Magy Onkol 2001; 45:197-199. [PMID: 12050718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has an increasing role in multimodality treatment of advanced head and neck cancer. In this paper we summarize our first results with this treatment. METHOD: Thirty-five, previously untreated, mostly inoperable head and neck cancer patients were given two cycles of Cisplatin and 5FU chemotherapy. We continued the therapy only in case of regression until four cycles, then the patients received surgical and/or radiotherapy according to their status. After the treatment patients' status was regularly evaluated. RESULTS: We detected 4 complete and 20 partial responses after the chemotherapy. Three patients became eligible for a radical operation. At this moment 10 patients are free of tumor, 8 patients died in consequence of the tumor, we have no data in 3 cases, 3 patients are given palliative therapy because of progression, 4 patients are receiving radiotherapy and 7 patients with partial response are candidates for further active oncotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Although the number of the patients we treated is too small for a statistical analysis, our results are similar to the conclusion of the large randomized studies: after neoadjuvant chemotherapy of advanced head and neck cancer partial response can improve the result of surgical or radiological treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy does not improve survival in advanced head and neck cancer, but it is of great importance because of better quality of life of patients, especially those who had organ preserving therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Koltai
- National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, H-1122, Hungary.
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Fülöp M, Remenár E, Oberna F, Boér A, Iványi E, Pólus K, Kásler M. [Radial forearm and fibula free flap reconstruction after radical resection of head and neck malignancies]. Magy Onkol 2001; 45:177-180. [PMID: 12050714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of head and neck cancer has been rapidly increasing in Hungary during the last decade. Most of these tumors are discovered in advanced stage, consequently, surgical removal of the tumor results in large complex defects in the soft tisses and bone elements of the face and neck. For optimal anatomical and functional reconstruction we perform free flap transfer in increasing number of cases. Between December 1993 and March 2001 in the Head and Neck Surgery Department of the National Institute of Oncology the defects after resection of head and neck tumors were reconstructed with free flaps in 85 cases. Radial forearm flap in 64 cases, fibula osteoseptocutaneous flap in 14 cases were used. In 87% of the patients the postoperative period was uneventful, the surgical complications were not more numerous than following traditional reconstructions. The average duration of operations became shorter by 2.5 hours during the last two years than before. In most of the cases we achieved good functional and esthetic results. The quality of life of the patients was excellent in 14%, almost normal in 73% and bad with serious problems of social life in 13%. It is surprising that there was no significant difference between the survival of neck node positive and negative patients. In our practice the replacement of large defects in the head and neck region with free flaps is a reliable and useful method for reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fülöp
- National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, H-1122, Hungary.
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Abstract
A group of 219 subjects of Slovak adults from both sexes were studied for potassium body content by measuring the whole body activity of naturally occurring 40K using a whole body counter. The average body potassium value is 1.68 +/- 0.33 g kg(-1) body weight for males and 1.60 +/- 0.30 g kg(-1) for females. For both sexes the average body content of K was 1.62 +/- 0.30 g kg(-1). The concentration of potassium varies inversely with age. The specific activity of 40K varies inversely with slenderness. The total body potassium varies directly with body-build index for males, while its value is essentially constant for young females and tends to decrease with body-build index for old females. The average annual dose from 40K is 150 +/- 30 microGy for males and 140 +/- 30 microGy for females. For both sexes the average annual dose is 142 +/- 30 microGy. Both total potassium body content and annual dose from 40K for older subjects are below the values reported by the UNSCEAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lahham
- Institute of Preventive & Clinical Medicine, Department of Radiation Hygiene, Limbova, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Abstract
An improved in-situ spectrometry measurement of 137Cs concentration in soil is introduced. The method uses the information contained in the pulse spectrum in order to forego the need for soil sampling. The approach is based on the unfolding of responses of a collimated and uncollimated HPGe detector to primary 0.662 MeV photons and to photons scattered forward in the soil. The calibration of the in situ equipment has been performed by Monte Carlo calculations and by experiments. For unfolding of experimental detector responses the code SAND II has been found reliable and capable of calculating distribution of 137Cs in soil profile with adequate accuracy for environmental monitoring purposes. The analysis of the spectra indicates that 137Cs concentration in soil 10 y after Chernobyl accident would be measurable using a middle HPGe detector (20-30% relative efficiency) and a counting time on the order of 1 h. Even with smaller detectors, 137Cs concentrations of 5 kBq m(-2) are measurable, and the depth distribution of 137Cs activities above 10 kBq m(-2) in the soil can be estimated by the presented method when a counting time on the order of 3 h is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fülöp
- Institute of Preventive and Clinical Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Ragan P, Krnáč Š, Fülöp M. Whole body gamma-spectrum analysis by the response operator method. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02040460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
The calculation of absorbed dose rate of photons and neutrons for the linear source of 252Cf with the active length of 2 cm is presented. Monte Carlo code and neutron cross-section data processed from ENDF/B-6 library were used. The achieved values of the absorbed dose rates are in good agreement with those published by other authors. The results of the calculation are applied to the gynecological configuration used in brachytherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Böhm
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Ftácniková S, Fülöp M. [Radiotoxicity of intracellularly incorporated Auger emitters]. Cesk Radiol 1987; 41:84-95. [PMID: 3555873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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31
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Nikodemová D, Fülöp M, Laginová V, Galan P, Hrabovcová A. [The estimation of the contribution of scattered radiation during the operation of betatron (author's transl)]. Cesk Radiol 1978; 32:305-11. [PMID: 103635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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