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Persano M, Rimini M, Tada T, Suda G, Shimose S, Kudo M, Rossari F, Yoo C, Cheon J, Finkelmeier F, Lim HY, Presa J, Masi G, Bergamo F, Amadeo E, Vitiello F, Kumada T, Sakamoto N, Iwamoto H, Aoki T, Chon HJ, Himmelsbach V, Iavarone MA, Cabibbo G, Montes M, Foschi FG, Vivaldi C, Soldà C, Sho T, Niizeki T, Nishida N, Steup C, Bruccoleri M, Hirooka M, Kariyama K, Tani J, Atsukawa M, Takaguchi K, Itobayashi E, Fukunishi S, Tsuji K, Ishikawa T, Tajiri K, Ochi H, Yasuda S, Toyoda H, Ogawa C, Nishimura T, Hatanaka T, Kakizaki S, Shimada N, Kawata K, Hiraoka A, Tada F, Ohama H, Nouso K, Morishita A, Tsutsui A, Nagano T, Itokawa N, Okubo T, Imai M, Kosaka H, Naganuma A, Koizumi Y, Nakamura S, Kaibori M, Iijima H, Hiasa Y, Foti S, Camera S, Piscaglia F, Scartozzi M, Cascinu S, Casadei-Gardini A. Adverse Events as Potential Predictive Factors of Activity in Patients with Advanced HCC Treated with Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab. Target Oncol 2024:10.1007/s11523-024-01061-0. [PMID: 38689194 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-024-01061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with systemic therapy, the correlation between the appearance of adverse events (AEs) and reported efficacy outcomes is well-known and widely investigated. From other pathological settings, we are aware of the prognostic and predictive value of the occurrence of immune-related AEs in patients treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors. OBJECTIVE This retrospective multicenter real-world study aims to investigate the potential prognostic value of AEs in patients with HCC treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in the first-line setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study population consisted of 823 patients from five countries (Italy, Germany, Portugal, Japan, and the Republic of Korea). RESULTS Of the patients, 73.3% presented at least one AE during the study period. The most common AEs were proteinuria (29.6%), arterial hypertension (27.2%), and fatigue (26.0%). In all, 17.3% of the AEs were grade (G) 3. One death due to bleeding was reported. The multivariate analysis confirmed the appearance of decreased appetite G < 2 [versus G ≥ 2; hazard ratio (HR) 0.60; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13-0.90; p < 0.01] and immunotoxicity G < 2 (versus G ≥ 2; HR: 0.70; 95% CI 0.24-0.99; p = 0.04) as independent prognostic factors for overall survival, and the appearance of decreased appetite G < 2 (versus G ≥ 2; HR: 0.73; 95% CI 0.43-0.95; p = 0.01), diarrhea (yes versus no; HR: 0.57, 95% CI 0.38-0.85; p = 0.01), fatigue (yes versus no; HR: 0.82, 95% CI 0.65-0.95; p < 0.01), arterial hypertension G < 2 (versus G ≥ 2; HR: 0.68, 95% CI 0.52-0.87; p < 0.01), and proteinuria (yes versus no; HR: 0.79, 95% CI 0.64-0.98; p = 0.03) as independent prognostic factors for progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS As demonstrated for other therapies, there is also a correlation between the occurrence of AEs and outcomes for patients with HCC for the combination of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Persano
- Medical Oncology, University and University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Margherita Rimini
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Toshifumi Tada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Himeji Hospital, Himeji, Japan
| | - Goki Suda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shigeo Shimose
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Federico Rossari
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Changhoon Yoo
- Department of Oncology, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jaekyung Cheon
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Fabian Finkelmeier
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ho Yeong Lim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Gianluca Masi
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Bergamo
- Oncology Unit 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisabeth Amadeo
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Vitiello
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Takashi Kumada
- Department of Nursing, Gifu Kyoritsu University, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hideki Iwamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Tomoko Aoki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hong Jae Chon
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Vera Himmelsbach
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Massimo Alberto Iavarone
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cabibbo
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties PROMISE, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Caterina Vivaldi
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Caterina Soldà
- Oncology Unit 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Takuya Sho
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Takashi Niizeki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Naoshi Nishida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Christoph Steup
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mariangela Bruccoleri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Masashi Hirooka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kariyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Joji Tani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Masanori Atsukawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Takaguchi
- Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Ei Itobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi, Japan
| | - Shinya Fukunishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Tsuji
- Center of Gastroenterology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toru Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Niigata Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazuto Tajiri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hironori Ochi
- Hepato-Biliary Center, Japanese Red Cross Matsuyama Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Chikara Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Takamatsu Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hatanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gunma Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Satoru Kakizaki
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Noritomo Shimada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Otakanomori Hospital, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Kawata
- Department of Hepatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hiraoka
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Fujimasa Tada
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Hideko Ohama
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nouso
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Akemi Tsutsui
- Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Takuya Nagano
- Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Norio Itokawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Okubo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michitaka Imai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Niigata Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kosaka
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Naganuma
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Yohei Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Himeji Hospital, Himeji, Japan
| | - Masaki Kaibori
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroko Iijima
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hiasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Silvia Foti
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Camera
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mario Scartozzi
- Medical Oncology, University and University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Cascinu
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Department of Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Zanuso V, Rimassa L, Braconi C. The rapidly evolving landscape of HCC: Selecting the optimal systemic therapy. Hepatology 2023:01515467-990000000-00559. [PMID: 37695554 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Over the past years, there has been a remarkable advance in the systemic treatment options for advanced HCC. The overall survival has gradually increased over time, with larger benefits for patients with sensitive tumors and preserved liver function, the latter being an essential condition for the delivery of sequential lines of treatment and optimization of clinical outcomes. With the approval of new first-line agents and the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitor-based therapies, the treatment landscape of advanced HCC is becoming wider than ever. Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and, more recently, durvalumab plus tremelimumab have entered the clinical practice and are the current standard of care for treatment-naïve patients, surpassing sorafenib and lenvatinib monopoly. As no head-to-head comparisons are available among all the first-line treatment options, the recommendation for the most appropriate choice and sequence is patient-driven and integrates efficacy data with clinical comorbidities, background liver disease, and the safety profile of available drugs. In addition, predictive biomarkers for successful patients' stratification are yet to be available and constitute the focus of ongoing research. The treatment algorithm is likely to become even more complex since systemic therapeutic approaches are now being translated into earlier stages of the disease, with an impact on the evolution of the sequential treatment of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Zanuso
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Rimassa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Braconi
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
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3
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Lin P, Hung M, Shao S, Chen H, Chan Y, Chang K, Lin S, Ou H. Factors predictive of clinical outcome in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving ramucirumab treatment: A real-world experience. Cancer Med 2023; 12:14902-14911. [PMID: 37278402 PMCID: PMC10417170 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the factors predictive of clinical outcome in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving ramucirumab treatment. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study using a multi-institutional electronic medical records database in Taiwan. We included advanced HCC patients newly receiving ramucirumab as second-line or beyond systemic therapy between January 2016 and February 2022. The clinical outcomes were median progression-free survival (PFS) based on the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST), overall survival (OS) and adverse events. We applied Kaplan-Meier methods to estimate median PFS and OS. Uni-variable and multi-variable Cox regression models were applied to identify the prognostic factors. RESULTS We included 39 ramucirumab naive users with a median age of 65.5 (IQR: 57.0-71.0) years and treatment time of 5.0 (3.0-7.0) cycles, of whom 82.1% were male and 84.6% were Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C. After median follow-up time of 6.0 months, 33.3% of patients' AFP level had decreased more than 20% within 12 weeks. The median PFS and OS were 4.1 months and non-reach, respectively. Moreover, tumor burden beyond the up-to-11 criteria (HR: 2.95, 95% CI: 1.04-8.38) and a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate of more than 10% within 12 weeks (HR: 0.31, 0.11-0.88) were significantly related to PFS in the multi-variable analysis. No patient discontinued ramucirumab during the treatment on account of side effects. CONCLUSION Ramucirumab was an effective treatment option with good AFP response for advanced HCC patients in real-world experience. Tumor burden beyond the up-to-11 criteria and a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate were independent predictive factors for progression-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po‐Ting Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
- College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of MedicineChang Gung University
| | - Min‐Hua Hung
- Department of PharmacyLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Shih‐Chieh Shao
- Department of PharmacyKeelung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKeelungTaiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Hui‐Yu Chen
- Department of PharmacyLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Yuk‐Ying Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Materials ManagementChang Gung Medical FoundationTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Kai‐Cheng Chang
- Department of PharmacyLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Shi‐Ming Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Huang‐Tz Ou
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Department of PharmacyNational Cheng Kung University HospitalTainanTaiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
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Su J, Lu J, Zhang J, Wang M, Yan J, Lin S. A meta-analysis of the efficacy and toxicity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in treating patients with different types of thyroid cancer: how to choose drugs appropriately? Curr Opin Oncol 2023; 35:132-144. [PMID: 36721897 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Because the high risk of death and poor prognosis of patients with refractory thyroid cancer (TC), studies related to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in treating different types of refractory TC have gradually attracted attention. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials and single-arm trials to evaluate tyrosine kinase inhibitors' efficacy and safety profile treatment in TC patients. RECENT FINDINGS The studies of 29 in 287 met the criteria, 9 were randomized controlled trials and 20 were single-arm trials, involving 11 TKIs (Apatinib, Anlotinib, Cabozantinib, Imatinib, Lenvatinib, Motesanib, Pazopanib, Sorafenib, Sunitinib, Vandetanib, Vemurafenib). Treatment with TKIs significantly improved progression-free survival [hazard ratio [HR] 0.34 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.24, 0.48), P < 0.00001] and overall survival [OS] [HR 0.76, (95% CI: 0.64, 0.91), P = 0.003] in randomized controlled trials, but adverse events (AEs) were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.00001). The result of the objective response rate (ORR) in single-arm trials was statistically significant [odds ratio [OR] 0.49 (95% CI: 0.32, 0.75), P = 0.001]. SUMMARY TKIs significantly prolonged progression-free survival and OS or improved ORR in patients with different types of TC (P < 0.01). Our recommendation is to select appropriate TKIs to treat different types of TC patients, and to prevent and manage drug-related AEs after using TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Su
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Jinhua Lu
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Jialin Zhang
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Menglei Wang
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Jiang Yan
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Shengyou Lin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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5
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Wang D. Progress in the study of ferroptosis in cancer treatment: State-of-the-Art. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 371:110348. [PMID: 36646403 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
As a regulatory cell death mode defined in recent years, Ferroptosis is mainly characterized by increased intracellular free iron and the accumulation of lipid peroxides. Ferroptosis is closely related to iron ion metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and effective removal of tumour cells while protecting normal cells is the key to tumour treatment. The continuous development and refinement of molecular mechanisms related to ferroptosis have shown promising applications in tumour therapy. There is increasing evidence that triggering ferroptosis in tumour cells is expected to be a new therapeutic strategy for tumour treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- First Teaching Hospital, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China; Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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6
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Hayashi Y, Kaneko R, Ogino H, Uekusa T, Kitajima M, Ikehara T, Nagai H, Matsuda T. A case of multiple hepatocellular carcinoma experiencing complete responses to sorafenib and atezolizumab-bevacizumab and developing severe, refractory venous congestive cutaneous ulcers on either regimen. Clin J Gastroenterol 2023; 16:229-236. [PMID: 36624210 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-023-01756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A man in his eighties presented with a history of bilateral leg congestive phlebitis, and multiple hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with sorafenib. When the dose was increased to 400 mg, ulcers appeared under both knees, which worsened, and the drug was discontinued 2 months after administration. However, the ulcers to 30 mm in diameter, requiring debridement and antibiotics. The HCC showed a complete response (CR) based on modified-RECIST criteria; however, after several rounds of locoregional therapy for recurrence, multiple HCCs and metastatic lesions in the Morrison's fossa were detected. Therefore, atezolizumab 1200 mg-bevacizumab 900 mg was started. After the first course, the patient complained of pain below both knees, and when the second course was administered, leg ulcers re-appeared and rapidly worsened. The ulcers were circular and multiple and progressed to deep digging, leading to tendon exposure. Bevacizumab-induced congestive venous ulcer was diagnosed, requiring skin grafts to heal. HCC then showed a CR based on m-RECIST criteria. Initially, the cause of the ulcer was thought to be immune-related adverse effects due to atezolizumab, but experience with sorafenib led us to conclude that the cause was stagnant venous ulcers due to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor, which inhibited angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yorihito Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, 1-1 Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8510, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omorinishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Rena Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, 1-1 Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8510, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Ogino
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Uekusa
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Mayako Kitajima
- Department of Dermatology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikehara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, 1-1 Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8510, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omorinishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Hidenari Nagai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omorinishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Takahisa Matsuda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omorinishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
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He P, Wan H, Wan J, Jiang H, Yang Y, Xie K, Wu H. Systemic therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma: Existing and emerging biomarkers for treatment response. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1015527. [PMID: 36483039 PMCID: PMC9723250 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1015527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy and the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Due to asymptomatic patients in the early stage, most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage and lose the opportunity for radical resection. In addition, for patients who underwent procedures with curative intent for early-stage HCC, up to 70% of patients may have disease recurrence within 5 years. With the advent of an increasing number of systemic therapy medications, we now have more options for the treatment of HCC. However, data from clinical studies show that with different combinations of regimens, the objective response rate is approximately 40%, and most patients will not respond to treatment. In this setting, biomarkers for predicting treatment response are of great significance for precise treatment, reducing drug side effects and saving medical resources. In this review, we summarized the existing and emerging biomarkers in the literature, with special emphasis on the pathways and mechanism underlying the prediction value of those biomarkers for systemic treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui He
- Department of Liver Transplant Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haifeng Wan
- Department of Liver Transplant Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Wan
- Department of Pancreatitis Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanyu Jiang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kunlin Xie
- Department of Liver Transplant Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Liver Transplant Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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8
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Su J, Wang M, Fu Y, Yan J, Shen Y, Jiang J, Wang J, Lu J, Zhong Y, Lin X, Lin Z, Lin S. Efficacy and safety of multi-kinase inhibitors in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2022; 22:999-1008. [PMID: 35833358 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2102000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAI-rDTC) has frequently been associated with poor prognosis. We conducted a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials to evaluate multi-kinase inhibitors' efficacy and safety profile treatment. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Medline databases. The quality of literature and trial risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, while the results of progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated using RevMan5.3 software. RESULTS A total of 1384 patients in six studies met the criteria. Treatment with MKIs significantly improved PFS and OS, but AEs were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). The studies demonstrated the median PFS (HR 0.30, 95% CI: 0.18-0.50, P <0.00001) and OS (HR 0.70, 95% CI: 0.57-0.88, P=0.002) in RAI-rDTC patients treated with MKIs, and the median PFS of papillary thyroid carcinoma (HR0.28, 95% CI: 0.22-0.37, P<0.00001) along with follicular thyroid carcinoma (HR0.14, 95%CI 0.09-0.24, P<0.00001) were extended. CONCLUSION MKIs significantly prolonged PFS and OS in patients with RAI-rDTC (P<0.01). Our recommendation is to use MKIs carefully in patients after evaluating their health status to maximize treatment benefits and minimize adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Su
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Menglei Wang
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Fu
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Yan
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuezhong Shen
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Lu
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yazhen Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianlei Lin
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zechen Lin
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengyou Lin
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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9
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Op den Winkel M, Nagel D, Seidensticker M, De Toni EN, Merz J, Op den Winkel J, Öcal O, Stecher SS, Bourhis H, Malfertheiner P, Mayerle J, Ricke J, Kolligs FT. Development and External Validation of the Munich Sorafenib Evaluation Score for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Dig Dis 2022; 41:268-281. [PMID: 35421865 DOI: 10.1159/000524336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent years, increasing options for systemic HCC treatment have become available. The development of therapy-specific prognostic scores has been encouraged. Tailoring therapy to individual patients requires prognostic scores for treatment success in addition to the Barcelona-Clinic-Liver-Cancer (BCLC) classification. We have developed and validated a prognostic score for patients treated with sorafenib. METHODS Prognostic factors identified in a multivariate analysis of 108 sorafenib patients were used to construct the Munich Sorafenib Evaluation (M-SE) score. M-SE and 9 established HCC prognostic systems were ranked according to concordance-index and AIC. External M-SE validation was performed in an independent HCC sorafenib cohort (n = 101) derived from the prospective multicenter randomized controlled SORAMIC trial. RESULTS Ascites (p < 0.0001; HR 2.923), tumor burden ≥50% of the liver (p = 0.0033; HR 1.946), and GOT (p < 0.0001; HR 1.716) were identified as independent prognostic parameters. All three M-SE stages were characterized by significantly different survival times (p < 0.0001). M-SE stage-A patients had a median OS of 18.7 months (95% CI: 15.6-21.8); patients in stage B and C showed a significantly shorter survival of 5.7 (2.7-8.7) and 2.0 months (1.6-2.4), respectively. M-SE (c-index 0.70; AIC 621) outperformed all other prognostic systems. External validation in a prospective cohort confirmed its superior prognostic performance. CONCLUSION The M-SE score allows classification of sorafenib patients in three distinct prognostic stages. Provided that M-SE successfully passes prospective validation, it can help to predict the outcome of patients evaluated for sorafenib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Op den Winkel
- Department of Medicine II, Liver Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dorothea Nagel
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Max Seidensticker
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Enrico N De Toni
- Department of Medicine II, Liver Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jessica Merz
- Department of Medicine II, Liver Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jan Op den Winkel
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Osman Öcal
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Hélène Bourhis
- Department of Medicine II, Liver Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Malfertheiner
- Department of Medicine II, Liver Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Mayerle
- Department of Medicine II, Liver Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Ricke
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank T Kolligs
- Department of Medicine II, Liver Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Helios-Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
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10
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Fidan E, Fidan S, Merev E, Kazaz N. The Relationship between albumin-Bilirubin grade and survival in hepatocelluler carcinoma patients treated with sorefanib. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:173-177. [PMID: 35170443 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_525_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common hepatic malignancies and the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Prognosis is affected by tumor stage, hepatic disfunction and patient performance. Albumin - bilirubin grade was developed to assess the hepatic function in patient with HCC. Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade and survival in HCC patients receiving sorafenib. We also planned to investigate whether ALBI scores in advanced stage patients are prognostic and predictive. Patients and Methods Patients presenting to the Karadeniz Technical University Medical Faculty Medical Oncology Clinic and diagnosed with HCC in 2010-2018 were included in the study. Fifty-six patients using sorafenib with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance scores of 0, 1, or 2, who had not previously received systemic therapy were enrolled. Results Patients' median age was 64.8 years (range: 23-86), and 80.4% were men. The highest proportion of patients were infected with hepatitis B virus (46.4%), 37 patients were ECOG 1 (66.1%), and 40 were ALBI grade 2 (71.4%). The change occurring in ALBI scores after sorafenib therapy compared to pre-sorafenib values was found to affect progression-free survival. Prognosis was better in the group with decreasing ALBI scores than in the increasing score group (p: 0.028). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the change occurring in ALBI scores after sorafenib therapy compared to pre-sorafenib values was predictive of progression-free survival independently of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. Conclusion This study shows that ALBI grade affects survival independently of AFP, Hand-Foot Syndrome (HFS), and other prognostic factors. ALBI grading can be used as a prognostic parameter in patients using sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fidan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - S Fidan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - E Merev
- Department of Medical Oncology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - N Kazaz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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11
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Zhang J, Ren Y, Wang Q, Jia YM. Thoughts and suggestions on the fact that dacomitinib reduction did not affect its efficacy in the Archer 1050 study. Future Oncol 2022; 18:751-753. [PMID: 35048746 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, No. 268, Nanguang Road, Yibin, 644000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yue Ren
- Department of Oncology, Yangzhou University, No. 136, Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, No. 268, Nanguang Road, Yibin, 644000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu-Ming Jia
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, No. 268, Nanguang Road, Yibin, 644000, Sichuan Province, China
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12
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Sun Y, Zhang W, Bi X, Yang Z, Tang Y, Jiang L, Bi F, Chen M, Cheng S, Chi Y, Han Y, Huang J, Huang Z, Ji Y, Jia L, Jiang Z, Jin J, Jin Z, Li X, Li Z, Liang J, Liu L, Liu Y, Lu Y, Lu S, Meng Q, Niu Z, Pan H, Qin S, Qu W, Shao G, Shen F, Song T, Song Y, Tao K, Tian A, Wang J, Wang W, Wang Z, Wu L, Xia F, Xing B, Xu J, Xue H, Yan D, Yang L, Ying J, Yun J, Zeng Z, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Zhou J, Zhu X, Zou Y, Dong J, Fan J, Lau WY, Sun Y, Yu J, Zhao H, Zhou A, Cai J. Systemic Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Chinese Consensus-Based Interdisciplinary Expert Statements. Liver Cancer 2022; 11:192-208. [PMID: 35949289 PMCID: PMC9218612 DOI: 10.1159/000521596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and causes many cancer-related deaths worldwide; in China, it is the second most prevalent cause of cancer deaths. Most patients are diagnosed clinically with advanced stage disease. SUMMARY For more than a decade, sorafenib, a small-molecular-weight tyrosine kinase inhibitor (SMW-TKI) was the only molecular targeted drug available with a survival benefit for the treatment of advanced HCC. With the development of novel TKIs and immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced HCC, the management of patients has been greatly improved. However, though angiogenic-based targeted therapy remains the backbone for the systemic treatment of HCC, to date, no Chinese guidelines for novel molecular targeted therapies to treat advanced HCC have been established. Our interdisciplinary panel on the treatment of advanced HCC comprising hepatologists, hepatobiliary surgeons, oncologists, radiologists, pathologists, orthopedic surgeons, traditional Chinese medicine physicians, and interventional radiologists has reviewed the literature in order to develop updated treatment regimens. KEY MESSAGES Panel consensus statements for the appropriate use of new molecular -targeted drugs including doses, combination therapies, adverse reaction management as well as efficacy evaluation, and predictions for treatment of advanced HCC with evidence levels based on published data are presented, thereby providing an overview of molecular targeted therapies for healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkun Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Bi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengqiang Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of GCP Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Jiang
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Bi
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Minshan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqun Cheng
- The Six Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihebali Chi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Jia
- Department of Oncology of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhichao Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lianxin Liu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinying Lu
- Department of Comprehensive Liver Cancer Center, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shichun Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Meng
- Department of Clinical Care Medicine of Liver Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zuoxing Niu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shukui Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, PLA Cancer Centre of Nanjing Bayi Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wang Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Shao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery IV, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianqiang Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kaishan Tao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aiping Tian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenling Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Cancer Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liqun Wu
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Feng Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Southwest Hospital of AMU, Chongqing, China
| | - Baocai Xing
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit I, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huadan Xue
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianming Ying
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingping Yun
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaochong Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yefan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Zou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahong Dong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan Yee Lau
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,*Hong Zhao,
| | - Aiping Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,**Aiping Zhou,
| | - Jianqiang Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,***Jianqiang Cai,
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13
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Tang TY, Daunov K, Lee RT. Case Report: Durable Response to Very Low Dose Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:780798. [PMID: 34976819 PMCID: PMC8716780 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.780798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) sorafenib, regorafenib, and cabozantinib are approved for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC) and improve survival. However, patients on these medications frequently require dose reductions or discontinuation due to multiple side effects leading to poor tolerability. Here we report three different aHCC patients with clinical responses outlasting those reported in their corresponding Phase 3 clinical trials on 1/8th the target dose for sorafenib, 1/4th the target dose for regorafenib and 1/6th the target dose for cabozantinib respectively. As these doses are below the minimal recommended doses on the FDA labels, this case series provides a preliminary demonstration that low dose TKI therapy can be effective and patients on TKIs should first assess for clinical response before empirically discontinuing TKI therapy on the basis of tolerating only a low dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin-Yun Tang
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Katherine Daunov
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Richard T. Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Richard T. Lee,
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14
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Rohr-Udilova N, Tsuchiya K, Timelthaler G, Salzmann M, Meischl T, Wöran K, Stift J, Herac M, Schulte-Hermann R, Peck-Radosavljevic M, Sieghart W, Eferl R, Jensen-Jarolim E, Trauner M, Pinter M. Morphometric Analysis of Mast Cells in Tumor Predicts Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Liver Transplantation. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:1939-1952. [PMID: 34558826 PMCID: PMC8557312 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating immune cells are relevant prognostic and immunotherapeutic targets in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mast cells play a key role in allergic response but may also be involved in anticancer immunity. Digital morphometric analysis of patient tissue sections has become increasingly available for clinical routine and provides unbiased quantitative data. Here, we apply morphometric analysis of mast cells to retrospectively evaluate their relevance for HCC recurrence in patients after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). A total of 173 patients underwent OLT for HCC at the Medical University of Vienna (21 women, 152 men; 55.2 ± 7.9 years; 74 beyond Milan criteria, 49 beyond up-to-7 criteria for liver transplantation). Tissue arrays from tumors and corresponding surrounding tissues were immunohistochemically stained for mast cell tryptase. Mast cells were quantified by digital tissue morphometric analysis and correlated with HCC recurrence. Mast cells were detected in 93% of HCC tumors and in all available surrounding liver tissues. Tumor tissues revealed lower mast cell density than corresponding surrounding tissues (P < 0.0001). Patients lacking intratumoral mast cells (iMCs) displayed larger tumors and higher tumor recurrence rates both in the whole cohort (hazard ratio [HR], 2.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-6.93; P = 0.029) and in patients beyond transplant criteria (Milan HR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.04-7.62; P = 0.01; up-to-7 HR, 3.58; 95% CI, 1.17-10.92; P = 0.02). Notably, high iMC identified additional patients at low risk classified outside the Milan and up-to-7 criteria, whereas low iMC identified additional patients at high risk classified within the alpha-fetoprotein French and Metroticket criteria. iMCs independently predicted tumor recurrence in a multivariate Cox regression analysis (Milan HR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.16-4.91; P = 0.019; up-to-7 HR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.05-4.62; P = 0.035). Conclusion: Hepatic mast cells might be implicated in antitumor immunity in HCC. Morphometric analysis of iMCs refines prognosis of HCC recurrence after liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Rohr-Udilova
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of Internal Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Kaoru Tsuchiya
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of Internal Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria.,Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Gerald Timelthaler
- Institute of Cancer ResearchInternal Medicine IMedical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
| | - Martina Salzmann
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Tobias Meischl
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of Internal Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Katharina Wöran
- Clinical Institute of PathologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Judith Stift
- Clinical Institute of PathologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Merima Herac
- Clinical Institute of PathologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Rolf Schulte-Hermann
- Institute of Cancer ResearchInternal Medicine IMedical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
| | - Markus Peck-Radosavljevic
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Central Admission, and First AidPublic Hospital Klagenfurt am WoertherseeKlagenfurtAustria
| | | | - Robert Eferl
- Institute of Cancer ResearchInternal Medicine IMedical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer CenterViennaAustria
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria.,Comparative MedicineInteruniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University of Vienna and University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of Internal Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Matthias Pinter
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of Internal Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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Moldogazieva NT, Zavadskiy SP, Sologova SS, Mokhosoev IM, Terentiev AA. Predictive biomarkers for systemic therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021; 21:1147-1164. [PMID: 34582293 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1987217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the third cancer-related cause of death worldwide. In recent years, several systemic therapy drugs including sorafenib, lenvatinib, regorafenib, cabozantinib, ramucicurab, nivilumab, and pembrolizumab have been approved by FDA for advanced HCC. However, their insufficient efficacy, toxicity, and drug resistance require clinically applicable and validated predictive biomarkers.Areas covered: Our review covers the recent advancements in the identification of proteomic/genomic/epigenomic/transcriptomic biomarkers for predicting HCC treatment efficacy with the use of multi-kinase inhibitors (MKIs), CDK4/6 inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Alpha-fetoprotein, des-carboxyprothrombin, vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin-2, and dysregulated MTOR, VEGFR2, c-KIT, RAF1, PDGFRβ have the potential of proteomic/genomic biomarkers for sorafenib treatment. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and albumin-bilirubin grade can predict the efficacy of other MKIs. Rb, p16, and Ki-67, and genes involved in cell cycle regulation, CDK1-4, CCND1, CDKN1A, and CDKN2A have been proposed for CD4/6 inhibitors, while dysregulated TERT, CTNNB1, TP53 FGF19, and TP53 are found to be predictors for ICI efficacy.Expert opinion: There are still limited clinically applicable and validated predictive biomarkers to identify HCC patients who benefit from systemic therapy. Further prospective biomarker validation studies for HCC personalized systemic therapy are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbubu T Moldogazieva
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I.m. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University);, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey P Zavadskiy
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.m. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russia, Russia
| | - Susanna S Sologova
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.m. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russia, Russia
| | - Innokenty M Mokhosoev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, N.i. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A Terentiev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, N.i. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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16
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Moser M, Radu IP, Dufour JF. Effects of Home Care on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib. JGH OPEN 2021; 5:864-870. [PMID: 34386593 PMCID: PMC8341184 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim Treatment with sorafenib causes diverse side effects, which limits adherence. This work assesses whether Home Care, a psychosocial nursing intervention, prolongs the duration of treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and if it influences health-related quality of life (HRQL). Methods and Results This is a cohort study using data from patients receiving sorafenib in the prospective Bern HCC Cohort at the University Hospital. Duration of treatment, overall survival, and HRQL using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary questionnaire were compared in the two groups. A total of 173 patients were eligible for the analysis. Among them, 141 were in the Home Care program, and 32 were not. Patients with Home Care had a significantly longer duration of treatment (265 days vs 152 days, P = 0.003) and a better functional well-being (17.7 vs 12.5, P = 0.015). Conclusion Psychosocial interventions such as Home Care are a valid method in improving adherence to sorafenib and can therefore be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Moser
- Hepatology, Department of Clinical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland.,University Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern Switzerland
| | - Iuliana-Pompilia Radu
- Hepatology, Department of Clinical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland.,University Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern Switzerland
| | - Jean-François Dufour
- Hepatology, Department of Clinical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland.,University Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern Switzerland
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17
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Cho YY, Yu SJ, Lee HW, Kim DY, Kang W, Paik YH, Sung PS, Bae SH, Park SC, Doh YS, Kim KM, Jang ES, Kim IH, Kim W, Kim YJ. Clinical Characteristics of Long-Term Survivors After Sorafenib Treatment for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Korean National Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2021; 8:613-623. [PMID: 34169044 PMCID: PMC8219232 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s304439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim Sorafenib is the first systemic therapy for the treatment of advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and progressive HCC after locoregional therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic factors of long-term survivors after sorafenib treatment. Methods This multicenter, retrospective, cohort study included 1,566 unresectable HCC patients who received sorafenib treatment between 2007 and 2014 in nine tertiary centers in Korea. The patients were classified into a long-term survivor group (survival more than two years, n = 257) or a control group (n = 1309). The primary outcomes were the prognostic factors affecting long-term survival. Secondary endpoints included time-to-progression and other safety profiles. Results The patients were predominantly men (83.8%) with chronic hepatitis B (77.3%) and Barcelona clinic of liver cancer-stage C (BCLC-C) (78.3%). The median overall survival was 9.0 months. After treatment, eight patients (0.4%) achieved complete response and 139 patients (8.8%) achieved partial response according to the mRECIST criteria. The prognostic factors predicting long-term survival were metformin use (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 3.464; P < 0.001), hand-foot skin reaction (aHR = 1.688; P = 0.003), and concomitant treatment with chemoembolization or radiotherapy (aHR = 2.766; P < 0.001). Poor prognostic factors of long-term survival were a Child-Pugh score of B (HR = 0.422; P < 0.001), the presence of extrahepatic metastasis (HR = 0.639; P = 0.005), main portal vein invasion (HR = 0.502; P = 0.001), and elevated alpha-fetoprotein (>1,000 ng/mL; HR = 0.361; P < 0.001). Conclusion This large, multicenter, retrospective study showed an objective response rate of 9.1% and a proportion of long-term survivors of 16.4% in Korean patients. The prognostic factors derived in our study can be used in clinical practice during sorafenib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Youn Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jong Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonseok Kang
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Han Paik
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Pil Soo Sung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Si Hyun Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Cheol Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Seok Doh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kang Mo Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Sun Jang
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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18
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A meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of adjuvant sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma after resection. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:168. [PMID: 34112190 PMCID: PMC8194151 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02280-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sorafenib was reported as a useful adjuvant treatment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent surgical resection. However, its therapeutic value remains controversial. This meta-analysis examined the available data regarding the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radical surgery. Methods The meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The protocol was registered in advance with PROSPERO (CRD42021233868). We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify eligible studies. Overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and recurrence rates were analyzed, and adverse events were reviewed. Hazard ratios or pooled risk ratios with 95% CIs were collected and analyzed using STATA version 12.0 in a fixed-effects or random-effects meta-analysis model. Results In total, 2655 patients from 13 studies were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. The combined results illustrated that sorafenib was associated with better overall survival than the control (hazard ratio = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.59–0.86; P < 0.001). Similarly, the drug also improved recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.54–0.86, P = 0.001). Combined data revealed that patients treated with sorafenib after resection had a lower recurrence rate (pooled risk ratio = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.68–0.90, P < 0.001). The primary adverse events were hand-foot skin reaction, fatigue, and diarrhea of mild-to-moderate severity, whereas grade 4 adverse events were rare (< 1%). Conclusions This meta-analysis demonstrated that adjuvant sorafenib therapy after resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma could prolong overall survival and recurrence-free survival and reduce recurrence rates without intolerable side effects. However, more evidence is needed before reaching a definitive conclusion.
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19
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Hyperkeratotic Skin Adverse Events Induced by Anticancer Treatments: A Comprehensive Review. Drug Saf 2021; 43:395-408. [PMID: 31981081 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-020-00907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hyperkeratotic skin adverse events are a group of toxic effects, characterized by the disruption of epidermal homeostasis and interaction with keratinocyte proliferation/differentiation or keratinocyte survival, and frequently reported with systemic anticancer treatments. These types of reactions include hand-foot skin reaction or palmoplantar keratoderma, induced psoriasis, keratosis pilaris-like or pityriasis rubra pilaris-like rashes, Grover's disease, and contact hyperkeratosis. Cutaneous squamoproliferative lesions are also described because of the presence of abnormal keratinocyte proliferation. They are usually observed with tyrosine kinase inhibitors but have also been described in association with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. Their pathogenesis is related mainly to the disruption of epidermal homeostasis and interaction with keratinocyte proliferation/differentiation or keratinocyte survival caused by anticancer treatment. Early recognition and adequate management are critical to prevent exacerbation of the lesions, to limit treatment interruption, and to minimize impairment of quality of life. This review summarizes the current knowledge concerning the presentation, pathogenesis, and management of secondary hyperkeratotic reactions to anticancer therapies. It also includes hyperkeratotic reactions that have been more recently described with newly approved targeted therapies or immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as keratosis pilaris-like exanthema with second-generation BCR-ABL inhibitors, lamellar ichthyosis-like lesions with ponatinib, pityriasis rubra pilaris with the newly approved selective phosphoinositide 3 kinase inhibitor idelalisib, or psoriasis with anti-programmed death-1 and programmed death ligand-1.
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20
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Kegasawa T, Sakamori R, Maesaka K, Yamada R, Tahata Y, Urabe A, Kodama T, Hikita H, Imanaka K, Ohkawa K, Hiramatsu N, Oshita M, Yamada Y, Inada M, Yakushijin T, Imai Y, Tatsumi T, Takehara T. Lower Serum Sodium Levels Are Associated with the Therapeutic Effect of Sorafenib on Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:1720-1729. [PMID: 32556820 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06380-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Although the serum sodium level has been reported to be a prognostic and predictive marker for the therapeutic effects of lung cancer and renal cell carcinoma treated with molecular targeted therapy, the serum sodium level has not been investigated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with sorafenib. The aim of our analysis was to assess the prognostic role of serum sodium levels in these patients. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 341 HCC patients treated with sorafenib between 2009 and 2012 in our hospital and other related institutions. RESULTS A total of 178 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 72 years (44-88), and 148 patients (83%) were male. The median overall survival (OS) was 12.9 months, and the median time to progression (TTP) was 3.1 months. Hyponatremia (hazard ratio (HR) 1.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26-2.52), a lower sodium level (HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.07-2.80), and a high level of α-fetoprotein (AFP) (≥ 200 ng/mL) (HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.26-2.52) were independent prognostic factors for TTP. We also categorized the patients into three groups according to serum sodium and AFP levels: Group A (n = 39) (serum sodium > 140 mEq/L, AFP < 200 ng/mL), Group C (n = 58) (serum sodium ≤ 140 mEq/L, AFP ≥ 200 ng/mL), and Group B (n = 81) (other patients). Significantly longer TTP and OS were observed in the following order: Groups A, C, and B. CONCLUSION Serum sodium levels are associated with the effectiveness of sorafenib. The serum sodium level can predict the therapeutic effect of sorafenib in advanced HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Kegasawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Sakamori
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuki Maesaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryoko Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Tahata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayako Urabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kodama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hayato Hikita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Masami Inada
- Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Tomohide Tatsumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Takehara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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21
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Atwood SX, Plikus MV. Fostering a healthy culture: Biological relevance of in vitro and ex vivo skin models. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:298-303. [PMID: 33565670 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott X Atwood
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Maksim V Plikus
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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22
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Goh MJ, Oh JH, Park Y, Kim J, Kang W, Sinn DH, Gwak GY, Paik YH, Choi MS, Lee JH, Koh KC, Paik SW. Efficacy and Safety of Lenvatinib Therapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Real-World Practice in Korea. Liver Cancer 2021; 10:52-62. [PMID: 33708639 PMCID: PMC7923940 DOI: 10.1159/000512239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lenvatinib has been recently approved as a first-line treatment option for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Korea. We aimed to study the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib therapy in a real-world practice and to find prognostic factors related to survival and disease progression. METHODS A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted on 111 consecutive patients who had unresectable HCC and were treated with lenvatinib at Samsung Medical Center from October 2018 to March 2020. Efficacy was determined using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) criteria in 111 patients who completed 1st tumor assessment. Safety was evaluated in 116 HCC patients including 5 patients who discontinued lenvatinib due to adverse events (AEs) before 1st tumor assessment using Common Terminology Criteria for AEs version 5.0. RESULTS A total of 111 patients with a median age of 59 years were analyzed during a median follow-up duration of 6.2 (4.4-9.0) months. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of overall survival was 10.5 months, and the median progression-free survival was 6.2 months. Based on mRECIST criteria, the objective response rate was 18.9% and disease control rate was 75.7%. AEs developed in 86/116 (74.1%) patients, and grade ≥3 AEs developed in 16/116 (13.8%) patients. Diarrhea, hand-foot skin rash, abdominal pain, hypertension, and anorexia were identified as the AEs with the highest frequencies of any grade. REFLECT eligibility criteria including tumor extent ≥50% liver occupation or inadequate bone marrow function and occurrence of anorexia were prognostic factors for survival, and occurrence of diarrhea was a favorable factor for disease progression. CONCLUSION Lenvatinib therapy showed a favorable efficacy and safety in a real-world practice. The REFLECT eligibility criteria and specific AEs could be one of the prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wonseok Kang
- *Wonseok Kang, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351 (Republic of Korea),
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23
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Feng J, Lu PZ, Zhu GZ, Hooi SC, Wu Y, Huang XW, Dai HQ, Chen PH, Li ZJ, Su WJ, Han CY, Ye XP, Peng T, Zhou J, Lu GD. ACSL4 is a predictive biomarker of sorafenib sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:160-170. [PMID: 32541921 PMCID: PMC7921679 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0439-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib is the first-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is a lack of validated biomarkers to predict sorafenib sensitivity. In this study we investigated the role of ACSL4, a positive-activating enzyme of ferroptosis, in sorafenib-induced cell death and HCC patient outcome. We showed that ACSL4 protein expression was negatively associated with IC50 values of sorafenib in a panel of HCC cell lines (R = -0.952, P < 0.001). Knockdown of ACSL4 expression by specific siRNA/sgRNA significantly attenuated sorafenib-induced lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in Huh7 cells, and also rescued sorafenib-induced inhibition of xenograft tumor growth in vivo. We selected 29 HCC patients with surgery as primary treatment and sorafenib as postoperative adjunct therapy from a hospital-based cohort. A high proportion (66.7%) of HCC patients who had complete or partial responses to sorafenib treatment (according to the revised RECIST guideline) had higher ACSL4 expression in the pretreated HCC tissues, compared with those who had stable or progressed tumor growth (23.5%, P = 0.029). Since ACSL4 expression was independent of sorafenib treatment, it could serve as a useful predictive biomarker. Taken together, this study demonstrates that ACSL4 is essential for sorafenib-induced ferroptosis and useful for predicting sorafenib sensitivity in HCC. This study may have important translational impacts in precise treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Feng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Pei-Zhi Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Guang-Zhi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shing Chung Hooi
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Huang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Hui-Qi Dai
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Pan-Hong Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhong-Jie Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Wen-Jing Su
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Chuang-Ye Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xin-Ping Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117593, Singapore.
- Department of Physiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Guo-Dong Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
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24
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Orsi G, Tovoli F, Dadduzio V, Vivaldi C, Brunetti O, Ielasi L, Conti F, Rovesti G, Gramantieri L, Rizzato MD, Pecora I, Argentiero A, Teglia F, Lonardi S, Salani F, Granito A, Zagonel V, Marisi G, Cabibbo G, Foschi FG, Benevento F, Cucchetti A, Piscaglia F, Cascinu S, Scartozzi M, Casadei-Gardini A. Prognostic Role of Blood Eosinophil Count in Patients with Sorafenib-Treated Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Target Oncol 2020; 15:773-785. [PMID: 33044683 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-020-00757-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a long-established hallmark of liver fibrosis and carcinogenesis. Eosinophils are emerging as crucial components of the inflammatory process influencing cancer development. The role of blood eosinophils in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma receiving systemic treatment is an unexplored field. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to analyse the prognostic role of the baseline eosinophil count in patients with sorafenib-treated hepatocellular carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS A training cohort of 92 patients with advanced- or intermediate-stage sorafenib-treated hepatocellular carcinoma and two validation cohorts of 65 and 180 patients were analysed. Overall survival and progression-free survival in relation to baseline eosinophil counts were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS A negative prognostic impact of low baseline eosinophil counts (< 50*109/L) was demonstrated in all cohorts (training cohort: hazard ratio = 50.1, 95% confidence interval 11.6-216.5, p < 0.0001 for low vs high eosinophil counts; first validation cohort: hazard ratio = 4.55, 95% confidence interval 1.24-16.65, p = 0.022; second validation cohort: hazard ratio = 3.21, 95% confidence interval 1.83-5.64, p < 0.0001). Moreover, low eosinophil counts had a negative prognostic role in patients progressing on or intolerant to sorafenib who received second-line regorafenib, but not capecitabine or best supportive care. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis identified baseline blood eosinophil counts as a new prognostic factor in patients with sorafenib-treated hepatocellular carcinoma. Concerning second-line therapies, eosinophil counts were associated with survival outcomes only in regorafenib-treated patients, suggesting a possible predictive role in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Orsi
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Division of Oncology, University Hospital of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Tovoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Dadduzio
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Caterina Vivaldi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Savi 6, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Ielasi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Conti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faenza Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Faenza, Italy
| | - Giulia Rovesti
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Division of Oncology, University Hospital of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Gramantieri
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBa), St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mario Domenico Rizzato
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Irene Pecora
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Federica Teglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Lonardi
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Salani
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Granito
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vittorina Zagonel
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Giorgia Marisi
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifco Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST), IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cabibbo
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, PROMISE, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Benevento
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cucchetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Cascinu
- Vita-Salute San Rafaele University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, San Rafaele Scientifc Institute IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Scartozzi
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Vita-Salute San Rafaele University, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Medical Oncology, San Rafaele Scientifc Institute IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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25
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Yoshida A, Yamamoto K, Ishida T, Omura T, Itoh T, Nishigori C, Sakane T, Yano I. Sunitinib decreases the expression of KRT6A and SERPINB1 in 3D human epidermal models. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:337-346. [PMID: 33135264 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) is a common side effect caused by several tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including sunitinib. However, the nature of the cornifying factors related to the molecular biological mechanisms underlying HFSR remains poorly understood. We used human keratinocyte models to investigate the key cornifying factors for dermatological and biological abnormalities induced by sunitinib. On the basis of the results of microarray analysis using the three-dimensional (3D) human epidermal model, keratin (KRT)6A, serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN)B1, KRT5, and SERPIN Kazal-type 6 were selected as candidate genes related to HFSR. Sunitinib treatment significantly decreased the expression of SERPINB1 and KRT6A in the immunohistochemical staining of the 3D epidermal model. In PSVK1 cells, but not in normal human epidermal keratinocyte cells, both of which are human normal keratinocyte cell lines, sunitinib decreased the expression of KRT6A with a concomitant decrease in levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2 and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Inhibitors of the ERK and p38 MAPK signal pathways also significantly decreased KRT6A expression. Sunitinib-induced decrease in KRT6A expression was suppressed by the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β by enhancing ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Thus, sunitinib reduces the expression of KRT6A and SERPINB1 by inhibiting the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signalling pathways in the skin model. These changes in expression contribute to the pathology of HFSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | - Tomohiro Omura
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoo Itoh
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Chikako Nishigori
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Sakane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ikuko Yano
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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26
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Chiorean EG, Perkins SM, Strother RM, Younger A, Funke JM, Shahda SG, Hahn NM, Sandrasegaran K, Jones DR, Skaar TC, Schneider BP, Sweeney CJ, Matei DE. Phase I, Pharmacogenomic, Drug Interaction Study of Sorafenib and Bevacizumab in Combination with Paclitaxel in Patients with Advanced Refractory Solid Tumors. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:2155-2162. [PMID: 32847973 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
VEGF blockade does not uniformly result in clinical benefit. We evaluated safety, dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), recommended phase II dose (RP2D), antitumor efficacy, and exploratory biomarkers including pharmacogenomics and pharmacokinetics with sorafenib, bevacizumab, and paclitaxel in patients with refractory cancers. The study had a "3 + 3" design, using paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 every week for 3 weeks, in every 4 week cycles, bevacizumab 5 mg/kg every 2 weeks, and sorafenib 200 or 400 mg twice a day, 5 or 7 days/week (5/7, 7/7). The MTD cohort was expanded. Twenty-seven patients enrolled in 3 cohorts: sorafenib 200 mg twice a day 5/7, 200 mg twice a day 7/7, and 400 mg twice a day 5/7. DLTs were grade 3 neutropenia >7 days (cohort 1, 1), grade 3 hypertension (cohort 2, 1), grade 3 hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR; cohort 3, 2). MTD was sorafenib 200 mg twice a day 7/7. Six DLTs occurred in cohort 2 expansion: grade 3 HFSR (2), grade 2 HFSR with sorafenib delay >7 days (2), grade 4 cerebrovascular accident (1), grade 3 neutropenia >7 days (1). RP2D was sorafenib 200 mg twice a day 5/7. Most patients (62%) dose reduced sorafenib to 200 mg daily 5/7 after a median 3 (range, 2-17) cycles. Response rates were 48% overall (27) and 64% for ovarian cancers (14). VEGF-A-1154AA and -7TT recessive homozygous genotypes conferred worse overall survival versus alternative genotypes (7 vs. 22 months). Intermittent, low-dose sorafenib (200 mg twice a day 5/7) combined with bevacizumab and paclitaxel was tolerable and had high antitumor efficacy in patients with refractory cancer (NCT00572078).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gabriela Chiorean
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Susan M Perkins
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Anne Younger
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jennifer M Funke
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Safi G Shahda
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Noah M Hahn
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - David R Jones
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Todd C Skaar
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Bryan P Schneider
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
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27
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Anaphylaxis preceded by erythema multiforme with sorafenib: First case report. Ann Hepatol 2020; 18:777-779. [PMID: 31085038 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A 63-year-old female patient with recent diagnosis of hepatitis C and cirrhosis and no other comorbidities, on no medications, was found to have Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C hepatocellular carcinoma and began systemic therapy with sorafenib 400mg twice daily. Five days after starting treatment, the patient went to an emergency department with pruritic, target-shaped, erythematous papules compatible with erythema multiforme, painful oral aphthous ulcers, and fever. Sorafenib was suspended and the patient underwent oral corticosteroid treatment for 5 days, showing significant improvement of the lesions. One month after discharge, the patient was reassessed at an outpatient clinic. As she was asymptomatic and had no skin lesions, sorafenib was resumed at a lower dose (200mg daily). Three hours after ingesting a single dose of sorafenib, the patient experienced chills, fever, rash, angioedema and stridor. She immediately sought the emergency department and was diagnosed with anaphylaxis. The patient received intravenous corticosteroid therapy, which improved her respiratory and cutaneous symptoms in 72h. Sorafenib was permanently suspended, and regorafenib could not be prescribed as second-line therapy. This is the first description of anaphylaxis to sorafenib.
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28
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Shimose S, Iwamoto H, Niizeki T, Shirono T, Noda Y, Kamachi N, Okamura S, Nakano M, Suga H, Kuromatsu R, Yamaguchi T, Kawaguchi T, Tanaka M, Noguchi K, Koga H, Torimura T. Clinical Significance of Adverse Events for Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Lenvatinib: A Multicenter Retrospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071867. [PMID: 32664489 PMCID: PMC7408786 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to investigate the clinical profile(s) associated with the discontinuation of lenvatinib (LEN) due to severe adverse events (DLSAE) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This retrospective study enrolled 177 patients with HCC treated with LEN. Independent factors associated with DLSAE were advanced age, albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade 2, fatigue grade ≥ 3, and appetite loss ≥ 2. The overall survival (OS) in the group that did not require DLSAE was significantly longer compared to the group that did require DLSAE (median survival time (MST): not reached vs. 12.8 months, p < 0.001). Moreover, advanced age was the most important variable for DLSAE in a decision tree analysis. Hypertension and hand-foot-skin-reaction (HFSR) were also significantly associated with longer survival, and the occurrence of hypertension was the earliest predictor for improved prognosis, while appetite loss and development of grade ≥ 3 fatigue were predictive of a poor prognosis. We concluded that the appearance of hypertension has potential as an early surrogate marker to predict improved prognosis. Moreover, careful management to avoid discontinuation of treatment leads to longer survival in patients receiving LEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Shimose
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.N.); (T.S.); (Y.N.); (N.K.); (S.O.); (M.N.); (R.K.); (T.K.); (H.K.); (T.T.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Hideki Iwamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.N.); (T.S.); (Y.N.); (N.K.); (S.O.); (M.N.); (R.K.); (T.K.); (H.K.); (T.T.)
- Iwamoto Internal Medical Clinic, Kitakyusyu 802-0832, Japan;
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Takashi Niizeki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.N.); (T.S.); (Y.N.); (N.K.); (S.O.); (M.N.); (R.K.); (T.K.); (H.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Tomotake Shirono
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.N.); (T.S.); (Y.N.); (N.K.); (S.O.); (M.N.); (R.K.); (T.K.); (H.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Yu Noda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.N.); (T.S.); (Y.N.); (N.K.); (S.O.); (M.N.); (R.K.); (T.K.); (H.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Naoki Kamachi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.N.); (T.S.); (Y.N.); (N.K.); (S.O.); (M.N.); (R.K.); (T.K.); (H.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Shusuke Okamura
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.N.); (T.S.); (Y.N.); (N.K.); (S.O.); (M.N.); (R.K.); (T.K.); (H.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Masahito Nakano
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.N.); (T.S.); (Y.N.); (N.K.); (S.O.); (M.N.); (R.K.); (T.K.); (H.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Hideya Suga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yanagawa Hospital, Fukuoka 832-0077, Japan;
| | - Ryoko Kuromatsu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.N.); (T.S.); (Y.N.); (N.K.); (S.O.); (M.N.); (R.K.); (T.K.); (H.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Taizo Yamaguchi
- Iwamoto Internal Medical Clinic, Kitakyusyu 802-0832, Japan;
| | - Takumi Kawaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.N.); (T.S.); (Y.N.); (N.K.); (S.O.); (M.N.); (R.K.); (T.K.); (H.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Masatoshi Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Miyama, Fukuoka 839-0295, Japan;
| | - Kazunori Noguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Omuta City Hospital, Fukuoka 836-8567, Japan;
| | - Hironori Koga
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.N.); (T.S.); (Y.N.); (N.K.); (S.O.); (M.N.); (R.K.); (T.K.); (H.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Takuji Torimura
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.N.); (T.S.); (Y.N.); (N.K.); (S.O.); (M.N.); (R.K.); (T.K.); (H.K.); (T.T.)
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29
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Abstract
Drug reactions resulting from chemotherapy agents are common and frequently affect the skin. Although often benign, a select few of these cutaneous reactions may necessitate immediate changes to the antineoplastic regimens. Given the diversity of chemotherapeutic skin reactions and their complex implications on patient management, an organized conceptual schema is imperative for proper patient care. We evaluate a number of commonly seen chemotherapy-induced skin toxicities organized by pathogenic mechanism and drug class, providing a framework for the identification and categorization of adverse events to prevent unrecognition. Groupings of these reactions include direct cytotoxicity and/or drug accumulation, immunologic hypersensitivity, and aberrant molecular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Haynes
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Alex G Ortega-Loayza
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
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30
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Sun YF, Wang PX, Cheng JW, Gong ZJ, Huang A, Zhou KQ, Hu B, Gao PT, Cao Y, Qiu SJ, Zhou J, Fan J, Guo W, Yang XR. Postoperative circulating tumor cells: An early predictor of extrahepatic metastases in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing curative surgical resection. Cancer Cytopathol 2020; 128:733-745. [PMID: 32501632 DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative extrahepatic metastases (EHM) contribute to a grim outcome in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are undergoing curative surgical resection. The current study investigated the clinical value of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in predicting EHM after curative surgery. METHODS A total of 197 patients with HCC who were undergoing curative surgical resection were assigned to a retrospective training cohort (144 patients) or a prospective validation cohort (53 patients). The CELLSEARCH system was used for the detection of CTCs prior to surgical resection and 1 month thereafter. The cutoff value of CTCs was estimated using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple testing in a Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS In the training cohort, EHM was found to be associated with a higher postoperative CTC burden compared with no EHM (mean: 4.33 vs 0.52; P < .001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated a postoperative CTC count ≥3 as the optimal cutoff value for the prediction of EHM. Patients with a postoperative CTC count ≥3 experienced a higher EHM risk (56.3% vs 5.5%) and a shorter median overall survival (31.25 months vs not reached) (all P < .001). The prognostic significance of a postoperative CTC count ≥3 also applied to patient subgroups with a low EHM risk, such as those with an α-fetoprotein level ≤400 ng/mL, absence of vascular invasion, well differentiation, and early tumor stage, and its predictive value was retained in patients with a continuous normal α-fetoprotein level during postoperative follow-up (all P < .05). The results were confirmed in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS A postoperative CTC count ≥3 appears to be a surrogate marker for the prediction of EHM after curative surgical resection of HCC. More careful surveillance should be recommended to patients with a high CTC load to ensure the greater possibility of early interventions for postoperative EHM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fan Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng-Xiang Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Wen Cheng
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Jun Gong
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Ao Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Qian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Ting Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Cao
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang-Jian Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Rong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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31
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Tada T, Kumada T, Hiraoka A, Michitaka K, Atsukawa M, Hirooka M, Tsuji K, Ishikawa T, Takaguchi K, Kariyama K, Itobayashi E, Tajiri K, Shimada N, Shibata H, Ochi H, Toyoda H, Nouso K, Tsutsui A, Nagano T, Itokawa N, Hayama K, Imai M, Joko K, Koizumi Y, Hiasa Y. Safety and efficacy of lenvatinib in elderly patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter analysis with propensity score matching. Hepatol Res 2020; 50:75-83. [PMID: 31660700 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Lenvatinib has become available as first-line therapy for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the safety and efficacy of lenvatinib in elderly patients with HCC has not been sufficiently investigated. We compared the frequency of adverse events and prognosis between elderly and non-elderly patients with HCC who received lenvatinib. METHODS A total of 100 patients with HCC who received lenvatinib were selected using propensity score matching: 50 patients were elderly (age ≥75 years) and 50 patients were non-elderly. RESULTS In the elderly group, >20% of patients experienced fatigue (36.0%), decreased appetite (26.0%), hypothyroidism (24.0%), proteinuria (22.0%), palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (22.0%), and hypertension (20.0%) of any grade as treatment-related adverse events. In addition, >10% of patients experienced grade ≥3 treatment-related fatigue (12.0%). In the non-elderly group, >20% of patients experienced palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (42.0%), fatigue (28.0%), decreased appetite (22.0%), and diarrhea (20.0%) of any grade as treatment-related adverse events. In addition, >10% of patients experienced grade ≥3 treatment-related proteinuria (10.0%). There were no significant differences between the elderly and non-elderly groups in the frequency of adverse events. Regarding overall and progression-free survival, there were no significant differences between the elderly and non-elderly groups (hazard ratio 0.972, 95% confidence interval 0.374-2.529; and hazard ratio 1.362, 95% confidence interval 0.687-2.700, respectively). Palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (hazard ratio 0.117, 95% confidence interval 0.015-0.916) was independently associated with overall survival in a multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Lenvatinib can be used safely and efficaciously regardless of age in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Tada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Kumada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hiraoka
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Kojiro Michitaka
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Masanori Atsukawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Hirooka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Tsuji
- Center of Gastroenterology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toru Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Niigata Daini Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Koichi Takaguchi
- Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kariyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ei Itobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi, Japan
| | - Kazuto Tajiri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Noritomo Shimada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Otakanomori Hospital, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shibata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokushima Prefectural Central Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hironori Ochi
- Hepato-biliary Center, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nouso
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akemi Tsutsui
- Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Takuya Nagano
- Department of Hepatology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Norio Itokawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Korenobu Hayama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michitaka Imai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Niigata Daini Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kouji Joko
- Hepato-biliary Center, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Yohei Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hiasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsuyama, Japan
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Ai L, Xu Z, Yang B, He Q, Luo P. Sorafenib-associated hand-foot skin reaction: practical advice on diagnosis, mechanism, prevention, and management. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2019; 12:1121-1127. [PMID: 31679411 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2019.1689122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Sorafenib is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which has been mainly used in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cancer. However, hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR), as one of the most common adverse reactions, have hindered its long-term clinical application. At present, the mechanism of its occurrence has not been clearly studied and it leads to the lack of effective means of intervention. This article reviews known mechanism and management methods of HFSR caused by sorafenib.Areas covered: The author reviews HFSR caused by the treatment of sorafenib including the mechanism and management. English language reports located through PubMed are reviewed.Expert opinion: There are some conjectures about the mechanism of HFSR. However, the mechanism of HFSR induced by sorafenib is still unclear at present. In the absence of understanding the mechanism of HFSR, the most common method for clinical treatment of sorafenib-induced HFSR is dose down-regulation or discontinuation of treatment, which affects efficacy and even survival. Future research should focus on the mechanism of HFSR to find out new ways for prevention. Precautionary measures before the occurrence of HFSR can also be studied in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Ai
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziheng Xu
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peihua Luo
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Brunetti O, Gnoni A, Licchetta A, Longo V, Calabrese A, Argentiero A, Delcuratolo S, Solimando AG, Casadei-Gardini A, Silvestris N. Predictive and Prognostic Factors in HCC Patients Treated with Sorafenib. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55100707. [PMID: 31640191 PMCID: PMC6843290 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55100707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sorafenib is an oral kinase inhibitor that enhances survival in patients affected by advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). According to the results of two registrative trials, this drug represents a gold quality standard in the first line treatment of advanced HCC. Recently, lenvatinib showed similar results in terms of survival in a non-inferiority randomized trial study considering the same subset of patients. Unlike other targeted therapies, predictive and prognostic markers in HCC patients treated with sorafenib are lacking. Their identification could help clinicians in the daily management of these patients, mostly in light of the new therapeutic options available in the first.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Antonio Gnoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, "S. Cuore di Gesù" Hospital, 73014 Gallipoli, Italy.
| | | | - Vito Longo
- Medical Thoracic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Angela Calabrese
- Radiology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Antonella Argentiero
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Sabina Delcuratolo
- Scientific Direction, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Antonio Giovanni Solimando
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine "G. Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Andrea Casadei-Gardini
- Department of Medical Oncology, IstitutoScientifico Romagnolo per Lo Studio e Cura Dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy.
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, University Hospital of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
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Yamamoto K, Ioroi T, Harada K, Nishiyama S, Nishigori C, Yano I. Safety and Efficacy of Bis-Glyceryl Ascorbate (Amitose DGA) to Prevent Hand-Foot Skin Reaction in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma Receiving Sunitinib Therapy: Protocol for a Phase I/II, Uncontrolled, Single-Arm, Open-Label Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2019; 8:e14636. [PMID: 31407671 PMCID: PMC6709566 DOI: 10.2196/14636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) is a serious side effect induced by multiple-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). HFSR can cause treatment interruption or decreased dosing. HFSR also markedly decreases quality of life and is associated with the therapeutic efficacy of multiple-TKIs. Therefore, the management and prevention of HFSR is an important issue; however, an effective method for its prevention has not been established. Specific ascorbic acid derivatives can reverse multiple-TKI-induced keratinocyte growth and pathological changes in vitro. Objective This study was designed to evaluate the safety of bis-glyceryl ascorbate (Amitose DGA), a novel, hydrosoluble, and moisturizing ascorbic acid derivative, in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) receiving sunitinib therapy. This study was also designed to evaluate Amitose DGA’s preventive efficacy for sunitinib-induced HFSR. Methods This is a Phase I/II, single-center, uncontrolled, single-arm, open-label trial. We will recruit a total of 30 patients with RCC receiving sunitinib therapy, with a 2-week-on and 1-week-off schedule. The participants will apply Amitose DGA-containing cream over both palmar and plantar surfaces within two treatment cycles (ie, 6 weeks) of sunitinib in combination with a general moisturizing agent, in addition to standard-of-care processes. Safety assessments will include dermatological abnormalities, clinical laboratory tests, and incidence of adverse events. Efficacy assessments will include development of HFSR and therapeutic outcomes associated with sunitinib. Results Recruitment to the study began in August 2017 and is ongoing in Japan. To date, 21 subjects have been recruited. Study completion is expected in 2021. Conclusions This is the first clinical study of Amitose DGA-containing cream in patients with RCC who are receiving sunitinib therapy. The single-center, single-arm, open-label design was selected to maximize subject exposure and increase the likelihood of achieving our study endpoints. The results will provide valuable and preliminary evidence of the effects of Amitose DGA-containing cream on HFSR. Trial Registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000027209; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr /ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000031174 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/14636
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takeshi Ioroi
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishiyama
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Chikako Nishigori
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ikuko Yano
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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Rohit Singh T, Ezhilarasan D. Ethanolic Extract of Lagerstroemia Speciosa (L.) Pers., Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in HepG2 Cells. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:146-156. [PMID: 31149840 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1616780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers., (Lythraceae) also called Banaba is a native plant of southeast Asia and is widely used in traditional medicinal system. Herbal tea from banaba leaves are used to reduce weight and diabetes. We investigated the cytotoxic potentials of ethanolic banaba leaves extract (EBLE) against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Lagerstroemia speciosa leaves were extracted and obtained from M/s. Quimico Herbal Extract Manufacturer, Bengaluru, India, and it contains 20% corosolic acid. Cells were treated with 50, 100, and 150 µg/ml of EBLE for 24 h, and cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptosis-related morphology was investigated by DAPI nuclear staining. Protein and gene expressions of p-Akt, FOXO1, p53, MDM2, p21, p27, CDK4, cyclin D1, and E1 were evaluated through Western blotting and qPCR. EBLE treatments caused significant, concentration-dependent cytotoxicity. DAPI staining and flow cytometry studies showed chromatin condensation, increased apoptotic cell population and cell cycle arrest at subG0/G1 phase upon EBLE treatments respectively. Furthermore, EBLE treatments significantly increased the expressions of p53, p21, p27, FOXO1, while p-Akt, MDM2, CDK4, cyclin D1, and E1 expressions were downregulated. These findings suggested that EBLE induces G1-phase of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 cells. EBLE may serve as a therapeutic agent against hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rohit Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.,Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Naganuma A, Hoshino T, Ohno N, Ogawa Y, Murakami T, Horiguchi S, Uehara D, Suzuki Y, Hatanaka T, Kudo T, Ishihara H, Sato K, Kakizaki S, Takagi H. β-Hydroxy-β-methyl Butyrate/L-Arginine/L-Glutamine Supplementation for Preventing Hand-Foot Skin Reaction in Sorafenib for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. In Vivo 2019; 33:155-161. [PMID: 30587616 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Sorafenib is standard treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) is a notorious side-effect of this therapy. This study evaluated prophylactic benefits of an oral nutritional supplement (ONS) on sorafenib-associated HFSR in advanced HCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a prospective, single-center, open-label trial arm using combined ONS and sorafenib in patients with unresectable HCC from August 2014 to February 2018. Control patients received sorafenib without ONS from 2011 to 2014. From September 2014, prophylactic ONS containing β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), L-arginine, and L-glutamine was given. Sorafenib dosage was 400 mg/day for both groups. RESULTS Each group comprised 22 men and three women. Age, sex, Child-Pugh score, and clinical stage excluding IV-B did not significantly differ between the groups. HFSR occurred after 2 weeks: 15/25 patients in the control group (60%; HFSR grade 1: 6, grade 2: 7, grade 3: 2) vs. 8/25 in the ONS group (32%; HFSR grade 1: 4, grade 2: 4, grade 3: 0; p=0.047, Pearson's Chi-square test). CONCLUSION Prophylactic HMB, L-arginine and L-glutamine supplementation effectively prevented sorafenib-associated HFSR in patients with advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Naganuma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan .,Nutrition Support Team, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Hoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Nozomi Ohno
- Nursing Department, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ogawa
- Nutrition Support Team, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Tatsuma Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Suguru Horiguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Daisuke Uehara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yuhei Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Maebashi Red Cross Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hatanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Gunma ken Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan.,Nutrition Support Team, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishihara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takasaki General Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Ken Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Satoru Kakizaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takagi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kusunoki Hospital, Fujioka, Japan
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37
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Díaz-González Á, Sanduzzi-Zamparelli M, Sapena V, Torres F, LLarch N, Iserte G, Forner A, da Fonseca L, Ríos J, Bruix J, Reig M. Systematic review with meta-analysis: the critical role of dermatological events in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2019; 49:482-491. [PMID: 30695819 DOI: 10.1111/apt.15088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The positive results of the REFLECT trial in terms of survival (sorafenib vs lenvatinib) offer a new first-line option for hepatocellular carcinoma. Additionally, the expected results of immunotherapy could change the first-line treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma or the clinical trial design in first and second-line. AIMS To evaluate the impact of dermatologic adverse events under sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma patients as a clinical marker to predict prognosis and critically evaluate outcomes within trials. METHODS A systematic search of original articles published until October 2018 was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE and a meta-analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. RESULTS A total of 393 studies were identified and 13 articles with 2035 patients (79.5% Child-Pugh-A, 73.2% BCLC-C) were selected for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The main type of dermatologic adverse events was hand-foot skin reaction (47.7%) but other dermatologic adverse events were reported in 31.7% of the cases. Presence of dermatologic adverse events was associated with a lower mortality when compared with those patients without them (pooled Hazard Ratio for the univariate analysis 0.45 (95% CI: 0.38-0.53) and there was no heterogeneity for the analysis (P = 0.511; I2 = 0.0%). Refuting this association would require the future report of 1370 negative studies. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis shows a clinically meaningful association between dermatologic adverse events and a higher probability of longer survival. These data support the use of dermatologic adverse events in the clinical decision-making when informing the prognosis and when systemic treatment is decided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Díaz-González
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Sanduzzi-Zamparelli
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Sapena
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Torres
- Medical Statistics Core Facility, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic Barcelona & Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus LLarch
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Iserte
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Forner
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leonardo da Fonseca
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Ríos
- Medical Statistics Core Facility, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.,Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bruix
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Reig
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Hiraoka A, Kumada T, Kariyama K, Takaguchi K, Atsukawa M, Itobayashi E, Tsuji K, Tajiri K, Hirooka M, Shimada N, Shibata H, Ishikawa T, Ochi H, Tada T, Toyoda H, Nouso K, Tsutsui A, Itokawa N, Imai M, Joko K, Hiasa Y, Michitaka K. Clinical features of lenvatinib for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in real-world conditions: Multicenter analysis. Cancer Med 2019; 8:137-146. [PMID: 30575325 PMCID: PMC6346240 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Presently, there are no therapeutic options for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u-HCC) patients who are intolerant to sorafenib or regorafenib failure. There have been no reports with detailed clinical findings of lenvatinib (LEN), a newly developed first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), obtained in real-world practice. We aimed to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy of LEN. MATERIALS/METHODS From March to August 2018, 105 u-HCC patients were treated with LEN. Following exclusion of those who started with a reduced LEN dose and/or had a short observation period (<2 weeks), 77 patients (72.0 ± 8.9 years, 59 males, 8 mg/12 mg = 49/28, Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan 6th [LCSGJ]-TNM stage II/III/IVa/IVb = 8/28/4/37, and American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International Cancer Control 8th [AJCC/UICC]-TNM stage IB:II:IIIA:IIIB:IVA:IVB = 2:27:6:5:9:28) were divided into two groups (TKI naïve [n = 33] and TKI experienced [n = 44], including 11 with regorafenib history). Therapeutic response was evaluated using mRECIST. Clinical data were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS There were significant differences in age (74.6 ± 11.2 vs 70.0 ± 5.9 years, P = 0.040), LCSGJ-TNM (II:III:IVa:IVb = 8:12:1:12 vs 0:16:3:25, P = 0.006), and AJCC/UICC-TNM (IB:II:IIIA:IIIB:IVA:IVB = 2:17:1:1:4:8 vs 0:10:5:4:5:20, P = 0.028), while hepatic reserve function, adverse event (AE) profiles, and progression-free survival (89.7%/80.4% vs 90.5%/80.1%, P = 0.499) and overall survival (96.7%/96.7% vs 100%/92.3%, P = 0.769) after 4 and 12 weeks were not significantly different between the TKI-naïve and TKI-experienced groups. Overall response rate and disease control rate at 4 weeks (n = 52) were 38.5% and 80.8%, respectively, and 32.4% and 70.3%, respectively, at 12 weeks (n = 37). A significant decline in log10 AFP from the baseline to 4 weeks after introducing LEN was observed in patients with PR and SD (2.047 ± 1.148 vs 1.796 ± 1.179, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Regardless of past TKI therapy, therapeutic response and AEs after introducing LEN were similar. LEN may be an important treatment for the present unmet need regarding TKI treatment against u-HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hiraoka
- Gastroenterology CenterEhime Prefectural Central HospitalMatsuyamaJapan
| | - Takashi Kumada
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOgaki Municipal HospitalGifuJapan
| | - Kazuya Kariyama
- Department of GastroenterologyOkayama City HospitalOkayamaJapan
| | - Koichi Takaguchi
- Department of HepatologyKagawa Prefectural Central HospitalTakamatsuJapan
| | - Masanori Atsukawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal MedicineNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Ei Itobayashi
- Department of GastroenterologyAsahi General HospitalAsahiJapan
| | - Kunihiko Tsuji
- Center of GastroenterologyTeine Keijinkai HospitalSapporoJapan
| | - Kazuto Tajiri
- Department of GastroenterologyToyama University HospitalToyamaJapan
| | - Masashi Hirooka
- Department of Gastroenterology and MetabologyEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToonJapan
| | - Noritomo Shimada
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOtakanomori HospitalKashiwaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Shibata
- Department of GastroenterologyTokushima Prefectural Central HospitalTokushimaJapan
| | - Toru Ishikawa
- Department of GastroenterologySaiseikai Niigata Daini HospitalNiigataJapan
| | - Hironori Ochi
- Hepato‐biliary CenterMatsuyama Red Cross HospitalMatsuyamaJapan
| | - Toshifumi Tada
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOgaki Municipal HospitalGifuJapan
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOgaki Municipal HospitalGifuJapan
| | - Kazuhiro Nouso
- Department of GastroenterologyOkayama City HospitalOkayamaJapan
| | - Akemi Tsutsui
- Department of HepatologyKagawa Prefectural Central HospitalTakamatsuJapan
| | - Norio Itokawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal MedicineNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Michitaka Imai
- Department of GastroenterologySaiseikai Niigata Daini HospitalNiigataJapan
| | - Kouji Joko
- Hepato‐biliary CenterMatsuyama Red Cross HospitalMatsuyamaJapan
| | - Yoichi Hiasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and MetabologyEhime University Graduate School of MedicineToonJapan
| | - Kojiro Michitaka
- Gastroenterology CenterEhime Prefectural Central HospitalMatsuyamaJapan
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Marisi G, Cucchetti A, Ulivi P, Canale M, Cabibbo G, Solaini L, Foschi FG, De Matteis S, Ercolani G, Valgiusti M, Frassineti GL, Scartozzi M, Casadei Gardini A. Ten years of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma: Are there any predictive and/or prognostic markers? World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:4152-4163. [PMID: 30271080 PMCID: PMC6158485 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i36.4152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib has been considered the standard of care for patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) since 2007 and numerous studies have investigated the role of markers involved in the angiogenesis process at both the expression and genetic level and clinical aspect. What results have ten years of research produced? Several clinical and biological markers are associated with prognosis. The most interesting clinical parameters are adverse events, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage, and macroscopic vascular invasion, while several single nucleotide polymorphisms and plasma angiopoietin-2 levels represent the most promising biological biomarkers. A recent pooled analysis of two phase III randomized trials showed that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, etiology and extra-hepatic spread are predictive factors of response to sorafenib, but did not identify any predictive biological markers. After 10 years of research into sorafenib there are still no validated prognostic or predictive factors of response to the drug in HCC. The aim of the present review was to summarize 10 years of research into sorafenib, looking in particular at the potential of associated clinical and biological markers to predict its efficacy in patients with advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Marisi
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cucchetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì 47121, Italy
| | - Paola Ulivi
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy
| | - Matteo Canale
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cabibbo
- Section of Gastroenterology, DI.BI.M.I.S., University of Palermo, Palermo 35628, Italy
| | - Leonardo Solaini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì 47121, Italy
| | - Francesco G Foschi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Degli Infermi Hospital, Faenza 48018, Italy
| | - Serena De Matteis
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ercolani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì 47121, Italy
| | - Martina Valgiusti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy
| | - Giovanni L Frassineti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy
| | - Mario Scartozzi
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 45698, Italy
| | - Andrea Casadei Gardini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy
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Ochi M, Kamoshida T, Ohkawara A, Ohkawara H, Kakinoki N, Hirai S, Yanaka A. Multikinase inhibitor-associated hand-foot skin reaction as a predictor of outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3155-3162. [PMID: 30065561 PMCID: PMC6064964 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i28.3155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship between the onsets of multikinase inhibitor (MKI)-associated hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) and prognosis under intervention by pharmacists after the introduction of sorafenib.
METHODS We conducted a retrospective study involving 40 patients treated with sorafenib. Intervention by pharmacists began at the time of treatment introduction and continued until the appearance of symptomatic exacerbation or non-permissible adverse reactions. We examined the relationship between MKI-associated HFSR and overall survival (OS) after the initiation of treatment.
RESULTS The median OS was 10.9 mo in the MKI-associated HFSR group and 3.4 mo in the no HFSR group, showing a significant difference in multivariate analysis. A multivariate analysis of the time to treatment failure indicated that the intervention by pharmacists and MKI-associated HFSR were significant factors. The median cumulative dose and the mean medication possession ratio were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the non-intervention group. A borderline significant difference was observed in terms of OS in this group.
CONCLUSION Intervention by pharmacists increased drug adherence. Under increased adherence, MKI-associated HFSR was an advantageous surrogate marker. Intervention by healthcare providers needs to be performed for adequate sorafenib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Ochi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hitachi General Hospital, Ibaraki 317-0077, Japan
| | - Toshiro Kamoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hitachi General Hospital, Ibaraki 317-0077, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ohkawara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hitachi General Hospital, Ibaraki 317-0077, Japan
| | - Haruka Ohkawara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hitachi General Hospital, Ibaraki 317-0077, Japan
| | - Nobushige Kakinoki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hitachi General Hospital, Ibaraki 317-0077, Japan
| | - Shinji Hirai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hitachi General Hospital, Ibaraki 317-0077, Japan
| | - Akinori Yanaka
- Hitachi Medical Education and Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 317-0077, Japan
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Rzepecki AK, Cheng H, McLellan BN. Cutaneous toxicity as a predictive biomarker for clinical outcome in patients receiving anticancer therapy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 79:545-555. [PMID: 29733938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between treatment outcome and cutaneous toxicity induced by anticancer therapy has gained attention in the past decade. In this article, we have provided an overview of the 3 main classes of anticancer agents-specifically, molecularly targeted kinase inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and cytotoxic chemotherapeutics-and described the data evaluating the association between cutaneous toxicity induced by these agents and survival benefit. Although preliminary studies are promising with regard to the potential role of cutaneous toxicities as a surrogate biomarker of efficacy of treatment, larger prospective studies are needed to confirm this relationship. Dermatologists have a unique opportunity to collaborate with oncologists in the multidisciplinary treatment paradigm by helping to identify and manage these dermatologic events in patients with cancer. A heightened awareness of these toxicities is critical, as it can potentially allow recognition of the efficacy of anticancer therapy and may influence treatment decisions and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra K Rzepecki
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| | - Haiying Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Beth N McLellan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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42
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Nada Y, Rashad N, Eissa M, Ghonaim A, Farag K, Saadawi I, Sheha A, El Gewaity M, Abdel-Rahman O. Outcomes of treatment with sorafenib in Egyptian patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 12:99-107. [PMID: 29124987 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2018.1403898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sorafenib is the standard of care, first line treatment for advanced HCC. This study aims to evaluate real-life efficacy and safety of sorafenib in Egyptian patients with Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the medical oncology department at Maadi Armed Forces Medical Compound. Patients with advanced HCC who received sorafenib between January and December 2015 were included (130 patients). RESULTS The median overall survival of patients with HCC treated with sorafenib was 5 months (CI: 4.166-5.834), and progression free survival was 4 months (CI: 3.479-4.521). Disease control rate was 45.44% with 2 patients experiencing complete remission (1.2%). The adverse events rate was 76.1% for toxicities of all grades; with hand and foot syndrome being the most common (32.3% of any grade) and liver dysfunction the most common grade III toxicity (13.8%). Treatment was stopped for radiological progression based on modified RECIST criteria in 47 patients (36.3%), 18 patients stopped the treatment for intolerable toxicity. At the end of treatment upon radiological progression, 51 patients (39.2%) were still classified as Child A class of cirrhosis. CONCLUSION Sorafenib use should be limited to patients with Child A, PS 0-1, and low disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousery Nada
- a Medical Oncology Department , Maadi Armed Forces Medical Compound, Oncology and Hematology Hospital , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Noha Rashad
- a Medical Oncology Department , Maadi Armed Forces Medical Compound, Oncology and Hematology Hospital , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mai Eissa
- a Medical Oncology Department , Maadi Armed Forces Medical Compound, Oncology and Hematology Hospital , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Aya Ghonaim
- a Medical Oncology Department , Maadi Armed Forces Medical Compound, Oncology and Hematology Hospital , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Kyrillus Farag
- b Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Islam Saadawi
- a Medical Oncology Department , Maadi Armed Forces Medical Compound, Oncology and Hematology Hospital , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ahmed Sheha
- a Medical Oncology Department , Maadi Armed Forces Medical Compound, Oncology and Hematology Hospital , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El Gewaity
- a Medical Oncology Department , Maadi Armed Forces Medical Compound, Oncology and Hematology Hospital , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Omar Abdel-Rahman
- b Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
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