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Campanale C, Triozzi M, Ragonese A, Losacco D, Massarelli C. Dithiocarbamates: Properties, Methodological Approaches and Challenges to Their Control. TOXICS 2023; 11:851. [PMID: 37888701 PMCID: PMC10610574 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Dithiocarbamates (DTCs) are a group of chemicals used primarily as fungicides, although they are exploited for various other applications. DTCs represent one of the oldest classes of broad-spectrum fungicides employed worldwide to control fungal diseases on many crops. Due to their ease of synthesis, low production costs (cheap and readily available starting materials) and a fungicidal activity with a multi-site mode of action, they are still among modern agriculture's most extensively used pesticides. Although the environmental degradation in air, water, and soil is relatively rapid due to photolysis and/or hydrolysis, they are among the most frequently detected pesticides in the European Union (EU), also with a high frequency of maximum residue level (MRL) exceedances. The current review aims to comprehensively survey all aspects of DTCs, including the environmental fate, toxicity and analytical methods for determining parental compounds and degradation products in environmental and food samples. Furthermore, the accumulation of carbamate and dithiocarbamate pesticides in vegetables, fruits, bioindicator organisms and human biological samples, as well as their health effects on humans, are also considered in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Campanale
- CNR-IRSA, National Research Council of Italy, Water Research Institute, V.le F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - Mariangela Triozzi
- CNR-IRSA, National Research Council of Italy, Water Research Institute, V.le F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - Annamaria Ragonese
- CNR-IRSA, National Research Council of Italy, Water Research Institute, V.le F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Losacco
- CNR-IRSA, National Research Council of Italy, Water Research Institute, V.le F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - Carmine Massarelli
- CNR-IRSA, National Research Council of Italy, Water Research Institute, V.le F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
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Ahmad W, Wang L, Li H, Chen Q. Ratiometric surface-enhanced Raman scattering strategy using gold nanoparticles confined on an ultrathin polydimethylsiloxane grafted gold mirror film substrate for ferbam screening in fruit juice. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1276:341648. [PMID: 37573125 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection methods, the intricacies in the synthesis and recognition processes, along with non-uniform substrate morphologies, induce spectral irreproducibility. Metal (gold) nanoparticles (AuNPs) on gold (Au) mirror film configuration along with a ratiometric approach, constitute a potential system to resolve this issue. RESULTS To acquire a reproducible and stable SERS response, an ultrathin polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) spacer layer was grafted onto the Au mirror film via a contact heating step. The AuNPs-supported ultrathin PDMS grafted Au mirror film system was extended for ratiometric sensing of ferbam residue in real fruit juice samples. The hydrophobic PDMS localizes the AuNPs, 4-nitrophenol probe, and ferbam to a smaller region on the PDMS-grafted Au mirror film and prevents their spreading and diffusion. The ratiometric SERS response for ferbam target and probe ratio at I1376/I1326 cm-1 was monitored on the AuNPs@PDMS grafted Au mirror film substrate with good linear fitting. A detection limit of 1.09 × 10-8 mol L-1 and a relative standard deviation of 11.90% were obtained. In addition, ferbam residues in grape and orange juice samples were successfully recovered (96.86%-99.76%). SIGNIFICANCE The AuNPs@PDMS grafted Au mirror film substrate, coupled with ratiometric analysis, showed excellent SERS activity with high sensitivity and reproducibility. The proposed platform can be adequately extended to detect other pesticide types in complex food settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Ahmad
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Quansheng Chen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
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Chen Y, Wang X, Liu H, Yang J, Feng D, Hou K, Wang X, Wu W. A dual-optical sensor for mancozeb by UCNP@PVP@MnO 2 nanozyme. Food Chem 2023; 409:135255. [PMID: 36586268 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a fluorescence/colorimetric dual-mode detection method based on MnO2 nanoflower-decorated upconversion nanoparticles: NaYF4:Yb/Er@polyvinylpyrrolidone@MnO2 (UCNP@PVP@MnO2) was proposed to detect the presence of mancozeb (MB). In this detection system, the MnO2 nanoflowers in the nanocomplex of UCNP@PVP@MnO2 would quench the fluorescence of the UCNP. With the addition of H2O2 and 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), the reaction between MnO2 and H2O2 resulted in the dissolution of MnO2 and the dissolution of the MnO2 layer contributed to the fluorescence recovery of UCNP. Simultaneously, MnO2 oxidized the colorless TMB to a blue product oxidized 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (oxTMB). The blue solution was able to quench the recovered fluorescence of UCNP due to the fluorescence inter filter effect (IFE) between the UCNP and blue oxTMB. Finally, with the addition of MB, the oxTMB was reduced to TMB by MB and the color of the solution became lighter while the fluorescence intensity of the solution increased. The detection method had a good linear range of 5-120 μM and 0.5-60 μM for fluorescence and colorimetric detection, respectively, and the limits of detection (LOD) were 2.34 and 0.245 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyin Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xini Wang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianqing Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongju Feng
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Hou
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianxiang Wang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Veiga-Del-Baño JM, Martínez-López S, Pérez-Lucas G, Cuenca-Martínez JJ, Andreo-Martínez P. Trends in dithiocarbamates food research: A bibliometric vision. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137342. [PMID: 36435325 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dithiocarbamate Fungicides (DTFs) are widely analyzed and studied mainly due to the fact that they play an important role in the cultivation of fruits and vegetables. This manuscript aims to display the results of a bibliometric analysis based on the Web of Science© database, performed in the DTF and food research area. A total of 374 publications were examined. The most scientific production was concentrated between 2012 and 2021, showing a decrease of 32% over the last two years. The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, India, and Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology were the most productive journal, country, and institution, respectively. Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy index showed a decrease of 95% in the last last years studied. Finally, current and future trends should focus on keywords such as individual DTF (Mancozeb, Thiram and Maneb), metabolites (Ethylenethiourea, Propilenthiourea) and a change in the analysis methodology: HPLC versus traditional GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Veiga-Del-Baño
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Salvadora Martínez-López
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Gabriel Pérez-Lucas
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan José Cuenca-Martínez
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Andreo-Martínez
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus of Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Natarajan RB, Kakkasery JT, Arimboor R, Jacob J, Thankan B. Development and validation of a GC-MS method for analysis of Dithiocarbamate Fungicide residues in the Spices Cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomom) and black pepper ( Piper nigrum). JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 59:4097-4107. [PMID: 36193354 PMCID: PMC9525472 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05462-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dithiocarbamates constitute an important class of broad-spectrum antifungal compounds used extensively in agriculture, including in the cultivation of spices. Maximum residue limits for these compounds have been enforced by several importing countries in international food trade. Validation of analytical methods for dithiocarbamates in spices have not been reported previously. A quick and sensitive method for estimation of total dithiocarbamates as carbon disulphide (CS2) using GC-MS in two major spices, viz. small cardamom (Elettaria cardamomom) and black pepper (Piper nigrum) was optimized and validated. Dithiocarbamate residues in these spice matrices were extracted and subjected to acid hydrolysis followed by reduction to CS2, which was then quantitatively absorbed into isooctane and analysed using GC-MS, employing selected ion monitoring and post-run mid-column backflush technique. For fortification levels from 0.1 to 1.0 mg kg- 1, recoveries obtained ranged from 75 to 98% in cardamom and 76-98% in black pepper, with intra-day precision (RSDr) < 12% and inter-day precision (RSDR) < 15% in all cases. Limit of Quantification of 0.05 mg kg- 1 was achieved in both spices. It was found that there was negligible interference in quantitative accuracy due to essential oils present in the two spices studied. Matrix effect was seen to be suppressive in the two spices studied, and sufficiently low to exclude the use of matrix-matched calibration in routine quantitative analysis. The optimized analytical method was found to be suitable for evaluation of compliance of real samples against the Codex maximum residue limits for cardamom and black pepper. Safety evaluation for human consumption, based on the incidence of Dithiocarbamate residues, was performed in real samples of cardamom and black pepper. This method offers the possibility of extending applicability to other spices also. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-022-05462-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Babu Natarajan
- Quality Evaluation Laboratory, Spices Board, Palarivattom, Kochi, India
- Department of Chemistry, St. Thomas College, Thrissur, Kerala India
| | | | - Ranjith Arimboor
- Quality Evaluation Laboratory, Spices Board, Gummidipoondi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Joby Jacob
- Quality Evaluation Laboratory, Spices Board, Palarivattom, Kochi, India
| | - Binumol Thankan
- Quality Evaluation Laboratory, Spices Board, Palarivattom, Kochi, India
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Ozalp O, Uzcan F, Gumus ZP, Soylak M. Sample Preparation Methods for Metal Containing Pesticides in Food and Environmental Samples. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-12. [PMID: 35913805 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2106118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Metal-containing pesticides are used in many areas for purposes such as harvest efficiency and keeping pests away from the vegetable environment. Metal-containing pesticides are in the form of dithiocarbamate complexes and are named differently according to the type of metal they contain and are used for different purposes. Since the presence of these pesticides even at residue level threatens human and environmental health, their determination at trace level is important. In this review, studies on the determination of metal-containing dithiocarbamate pesticides in different matrices are discussed. This review on the analysis of dithiocarbamate pesticides with different techniques will shed light on the studies to be carried out for the determination of these pesticides one by one in different matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Ozalp
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye
| | - Furkan Uzcan
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye
| | - Z Pinar Gumus
- Central Research Test and Analysis Laboratory Application and Research Center (EGE-MATAL), Ege University, İzmir, Turkiye
| | - Mustafa Soylak
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye
- Technology Research and Application Center (ERU-TAUM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Ankara, Turkiye
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Chung SWC, Wong WWK. Chromatographic analysis of dithiocarbamate residues and their metabolites in foods employed in dietary exposure studies-a review. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:1731-1743. [PMID: 35877692 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2103186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Dithiocarbamates (DTCs) belong to a group of compounds used as fungicides in food production and can be divided into three major groups. Since DTCs easily oxidise and hydrolyse in alkaline and acidic medium respectively, precautions have to be implemented during preparation/homogenisation and extraction of samples. As such, test samples are commonly prepared individually by cutting into small pieces just before the digestion of DTCs with a hot acid to give carbon disulphide (CS2) and the results are expressed as CS2 without any differentiation of individual DTCs. However, individual DTCs have different toxicological potencies whilst their metabolites are more toxic than the parent compound. Apart from the hot digestion method, chromatographic separation of three major groups of DTCs has been developed by a number of different researchers. This review provides a comprehensive examination of sample preparation, extraction, clean-up and chromatographic methods for the determination of individual DTCs and their more toxic metabolites in foodstuffs. Moreover, this review also studies on how dietary exposure of DTCs can be efficiently and effectively estimated using different methods of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W C Chung
- Risk Assessment Section, Centre for Food Safety, Food and Environmental Hygiene Department, Hong Kong, China
| | - Waiky W K Wong
- Risk Assessment Section, Centre for Food Safety, Food and Environmental Hygiene Department, Hong Kong, China
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Zoratto Romoli JC, Palma Scanferla DT, Gomes Aguera R, Lini RS, Pante GC, Bueno Junior CR, Castro JC, Mossini SAG, Marchioni C, Junior MM. Analytical and toxicological aspects of dithiocarbamates: an overview of the last 10 years. Toxicol Mech Methods 2022; 32:637-649. [PMID: 35387549 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2063096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Compilation studies related to toxicological aspects and also biological monitoring and analysis methods for specific fungicides and, mainly, those that belong to the class of the dithiocarbamates (DTCs) have not been carried out at least in the last ten years. DTCs - dimethyldithiocarbamates, ethylenebisditiocarbamates, propylenebisditiocarbamates - are organosulfur compounds that form complexes due to the presence of different chemical elements, which bind strongly and inhibit enzymes that are essential to the functioning of the organism, causing a serious proven adverse effect on biological systems, such as alteration of thyroid hormones, teratogenesis and neurotoxicity. It is still evident, as shown by world data, that the growing consumption of fungicides has increasingly exposed the population in general and, in particular, workers who deal with these substances. There is a scarcity of studies in the literature discussing the toxicological and analytical aspects that are important for understanding the real effects of DTCs and monitoring human exposure to them. Therefore, the aim of this work was to expose, in a comprehensive way and through a narrative review, the negligence of research related to the fungicides of the DTCs class, their metabolites, as well as the toxicological and analytical aspects involved. The review is divided into two parts: (1) Toxicological aspects, including toxicokinetics, toxicodynamics and toxidromes; and (2) Analytical Toxicology, which comprises biomarkers, sample preparation and identification/quantification methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Cristina Zoratto Romoli
- Department of Basic Health Science, State University of Maringa, Avenida Colombo N° 5790, Maringa, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Deborah Thais Palma Scanferla
- Department of Basic Health Science, State University of Maringa, Avenida Colombo N° 5790, Maringa, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Raul Gomes Aguera
- Department of Basic Health Science, State University of Maringa, Avenida Colombo N° 5790, Maringa, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Renata Sano Lini
- Department of Basic Health Science, State University of Maringa, Avenida Colombo N° 5790, Maringa, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Giseli Cristina Pante
- Department of Basic Health Science, State University of Maringa, Avenida Colombo N° 5790, Maringa, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Bueno Junior
- Department of Basic Health Science, State University of Maringa, Avenida Colombo N° 5790, Maringa, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Cristina Castro
- Department of Basic Health Science, State University of Maringa, Avenida Colombo N° 5790, Maringa, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Marchioni
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rua Delfino Conti S/N, Florianopolis, SC, CEP 88040-370, Brazil
| | - Miguel Machinski Junior
- Department of Basic Health Science, State University of Maringa, Avenida Colombo N° 5790, Maringa, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
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Patil VK, Wagh UB, Phalak RP, Bhirud JD, Narkhede HP. A novel validated simple derivatization liquid chromatographic method with diode array detection for the simultaneous determination of mancozeb, azoxystrobin and difenoconazole in pesticide dosage form. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:907-920. [PMID: 35166733 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01926k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel, rapid and simple reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of three pesticides - mancozeb, azoxystrobin and difenoconazole by derivatization with ethyl iodide is presented. Analysis was performed on a C18 column (Agilent Eclipse plus, 150 mm × 4.6 mm; 5 μ) with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile + methanol (90 + 10 v/v) - water (0.1% v/v trifluoroacetic acid) (60 : 40, v/v) pumped isocratically at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min-1 and detection wavelength of 205 nm and 272 nm. The factors affecting the derivatization reaction and separation conditions were carefully evaluated and optimized. The method was linear over the concentration range of 3.50 mg L-1 to 31.48 mg L-1 for mancozeb, 0.32 mg L-1 to 2.85 mg L-1 for azoxystrobin and 0.32 mg L-1 to 2.89 mg L-1 for difenoconazole. The new method was successfully applied for the analysis of mancozeb, azoxystrobin and difenoconazole in the pesticide formulation with range recoveries of 99.46% to 100.76%, 99.07% to 101.09% and 98.59% to 101.59%, respectively. The present method is suitable and favorable for the simultaneous separation and analysis of tertiary mixture analytes on account of its sensitivity, rapidity and cost-effectiveness. In addition, it could have excellent application prospects for the simultaneous determination of all three pesticides in other formulated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilas K Patil
- D. D. N. Bhole College, Bhusawal, Dist.-Jalgaon, Maharashtra-425201, India.
| | - Ujwala B Wagh
- Jain Irrigation Systems Limited, Jalgaon, Maharashtra-425001, India
| | - Raju P Phalak
- D. D. N. Bhole College, Bhusawal, Dist.-Jalgaon, Maharashtra-425201, India
| | | | - Hemant P Narkhede
- Smt. P. K. Kotecha Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Bhusawal, Dist.-Jalgaon, Maharashtra-425201, India.
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Patil VK, Dhande ND, Petha NH, Narkhede HP. A simple derivatization RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of zineb and hexaconazole in pesticide formulation using a PDA detector. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:3930-3939. [PMID: 34528935 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00822f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A simple derivatization reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous analysis (separation and quantification) of zineb and hexaconazole has been optimized and validated. The method was carried out on an Agilent Eclipse plus C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm; 5 μm), with a mobile phase comprising acetonitrile + methanol (80 + 20 v/v): water (0.1% v/v trifluoroacetic acid) (60 : 40 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL minute-1, and the quantification was achieved at 272 nm and 205 nm. The retention times of zineb and hexaconazole were found to be 6.4 min and 7.6 min, respectively. The performance of the method was validated according to the SANCO, CIPAC and ICH guidelines for specificity, selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, limit of quantification and robustness. The developed method was successfully applied for the estimation of zineb and hexaconazole in a pesticide dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilas K Patil
- Smt. P. K. Kotecha Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Bhusawal, Dist.-Jalgaon, Maharashtra-425 201, India.
| | - Nilesh D Dhande
- Indofil Industries Limited, Thane, Maharashtra-400 607, India
| | | | - Hemant P Narkhede
- Smt. P. K. Kotecha Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Bhusawal, Dist.-Jalgaon, Maharashtra-425 201, India.
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Öter Ç, Zorer ÖS. Molecularly imprinted polymer synthesis and selective solid phase extraction applications for the detection of ziram, a dithiocarbamate fungicide. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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[Determination of thiram in wheat flour and flour improvers by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection]. Se Pu 2021; 39:652-658. [PMID: 34227326 PMCID: PMC9404021 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2020.07024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
福美双是重要的二硫代氨基甲酸酯(DTC)杀菌剂,在小麦中使用限量以1 mg/kg二硫化碳(CS2)计。目前我国相关检测方法是针对二硫代氨基甲酸酯一类的化合物,二硫代氨基甲酸酯通过与酸反应生成CS2,采用光谱法或色谱法测定CS2,间接实现二硫代氨基甲酸酯测定。该方法无法特异性实现对福美双的检测,因此开展小麦粉中福美双检测方法的研究具有重要意义。研究建立了高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测(HPLC-DAD)测定小麦粉及面粉改良剂中福美双的分析方法。小麦粉及面粉改良剂样品用乙腈溶剂提取后,经涡旋、振荡、冰水浴超声和静置后取上清液过滤,供高效液相色谱测定。采用ZORBAX plus-C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)分离,以水-乙腈为流动相洗脱分析,在波长280 nm下检测。实验优化了提取溶剂及其体积、振荡超声条件、色谱柱、检测波长、流动相等条件。该方法采用保留时间和紫外光谱图定性,外标法定量。该方法在线性范围内(0.30~30.0 μg/mL)线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)为0.99999。对小麦粉及面粉改良剂进行1.5、3.0、15 mg/kg 3个水平的加标回收试验,福美双的回收率为89.6%~98.3%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~3.9%(n=6)。方法的检出限和定量限分别为0.5 mg/kg和1.5 mg/kg。该方法采用溶剂提取,操作简单,分析时间短,特异性好,具有精密度高、重复性好、检出限低等特点,适用于小麦粉及面粉改良剂中福美双快速、准确的定量检测。
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Liu J, Han S, Hu Y, Pao CW. Fabrication and characterization of a novel PMO containing riboflavin-5'-phosphate sodium salt for sensitive detection of pesticide ferbam. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Gava A, Emer CD, Ficagna E, Fernandes de Andrade S, Fuentefria AM. Occurrence and impact of fungicides residues on fermentation during wine production- A review. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:943-961. [PMID: 33784228 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1894357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Continuous fungicide spraying is required to eliminate fungal pathogens on grapes. However, this practice is associated with several risks, including contamination and environmental imbalance, as well as toxicity to operators and the induction of resistance in pathogens. In addition, a strong correlation has been reported between the presence of fungicides and the occurrence of issues during alcoholic fermentation, resulting in negative impacts on the sensory quality of the final products. Numerous studies have evaluated residue concentrations of phytosanitary products in grapes, juices, and wines, and a significant number of studies have assessed the impact of different agrochemicals on bioprocesses. However, a review compiling the key results of these studies is currently lacking. This review incorporates results obtained in the last decade from research on the presence of fungicide residues, including azoxystrobin, boscalid, captan, copper, fenhexamid, folpet, pyraclostrobin, pyrimethanil and tebuconazole, and their effects on fermentation kinetics. Practical solutions to mitigate these problems, both in vineyards and industry, are also presented and discussed. This review highlights the constant high fungicidal agent concentrations (greater than 1 or 2 mg L-1) used throughout the winemaking process, with the impact of residues being of particular concern, especially with regard to their effect on yeast activity and the fermentation process. Thus, the adoption of methodologies that allow winemakers to control and trace these residues is an important step in avoiding or reducing fermentation problems throughout the winemaking process.[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Gava
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cassandro Davi Emer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Evandro Ficagna
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS), Campus Bento Gonçalves, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Saulo Fernandes de Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Meneghello Fuentefria
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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15
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Wang Z, Kottawatta KSA, Kodithuwakku SP, Fernando TS, Lee YL, Ng EHY, Yeung WSB, Lee KF. The fungicide Mancozeb reduces spheroid attachment onto endometrial epithelial cells through downregulation of estrogen receptor β and integrin β3 in Ishikawa cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111606. [PMID: 33396126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mancozeb is a metal-containing ethylene bis-dithiocarbamate fungicide widely used in agriculture. Ethylene thiourea (ETU) is the primary metabolite of Mancozeb. Mancozeb has been associated with spontaneous abortions and abnormal menstruation in women. However, the effects of Mancozeb and ETU on embryo attachment remain unknown. The human blastocyst surrogate trophoblastic spheroids (JEG-3), endometrial epithelial surrogate adenocarcinoma cells (Ishikawa), or human primary endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) monolayer were used in the spheroid attachment models. Ishikawa and EECs were pretreated with different concentrations of Mancozeb or ETU for 48 h before the attachment assay. Gene expression profiles of Ishikawa cells were examined to understand how Mancozeb modulates endometrial receptivity with Microarray. The genes altered by Mancozeb were confirmed by qPCR and compared with the ETU treated groups. Mancozeb and ETU treatment inhibited cell viability at 10 μg/mL and 5000 µg/mL, respectively. At non-cytotoxic concentrations, Mancozeb at 3 μg/mL and ETU at 300 μg/mL reduced JEG-3 spheroid attachment onto Ishikawa cells. A similar result was observed with human primary endometrial epithelial cells. Mancozeb at 3 μg/mL modified the transcription of 158 genes by at least 1.5-fold in Microarray analysis. The expression of 10 differentially expressed genes were confirmed by qPCR. Furthermore, Mancozeb decreased spheroid attachment possibly through downregulating the expression of endometrial estrogen receptor β and integrin β3, but not mucin 1. These results were confirmed in both overexpression and knockdown experiments and co-culture assay. Mancozeb but not its metabolite ETU reduced spheroid attachment through modulating gene expression profile and decreasing estrogen receptor β and integrin β3 expression of endometrial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kottawattage S A Kottawatta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Department of Veterinary Public Health and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, The University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Suranga P Kodithuwakku
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Thevarathanthrige S Fernando
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yin-Lau Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ernest H Y Ng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, Shenzhen, China
| | - William S B Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kai-Fai Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, Shenzhen, China.
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16
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Simonetti G, Castellani F, Di Filippo P, Riccardi C, Pomata D, Risoluti R, Buiarelli F, Sonego E. Determination of Mancozeb, a Pesticide Used Worldwide in Agriculture: Comparison among GC, LC, and CE. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1389203721666200426234827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The determination of mancozeb, a fungicide extensively used in agriculture,
is a challenge, due to the nature of the compound, a manganese and zinc complex of ethylenebis dithiocarbamate
and because of the general instability of the dithiocarbamates.
Methods:
Mancozeb was analyzed in a GC-EI-MS system after derivatization by CE-UV with detection
at 280 nm and in LC-ESI-MS-MS in MRM mode.
Results:
A comparative study of the performance of three different techniques for the detection of
mancozeb was explored, highlighting the advantages and drawbacks of them. The limits of detection
and quantification of the techniques were determined; the repeatability was assessed, showing values
of relative standard deviation. Gas chromatography, although very sensitive, was not reproducible
enough due to fast degradation of the derivatization product, whereas capillary electrophoresis-UV
showed problems in run-to-run reproducibility which had the worst limit of detection. LC coupled
with tandem mass spectrometry was the most reliable and precise technique and was able to determine
the main degradation product of Mancozeb, at the same time. The proposed LC procedure was
verified by applying it to a commercial formulation, a fungicide of known concentration, and to Italian
white grapes treated with the formulation sprayed during cultivation.
Conclusion:
Thanks to the simplified sample handling, the proposed method resulted to be simple,
fast, green, economic, and suitable for residue analysis in grapes and other fruits. Finally, the method
was compared with other similar investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Simonetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro, 5-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Castellani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro, 5-00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro, 5-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Buiarelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro, 5-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Sonego
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro, 5-00185 Rome, Italy
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Multicolor visual screening of total dithiocarbamate pesticides in foods based on sulfydryl-mediated growth of gold nanobipyramids. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1139:59-67. [PMID: 33190710 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dithiocarbamates (DTCs) pesticides were extensively used as fungicides in a variety of crops during their growth, storage and shipment. The DTCs residue in foods will seriously harm human health. In this study, a novel multicolor colorimetric sensor was developed for visual screening of total DTCs (total of ziram, thiram and zineb) based on sulfhydryl-mediated growth of gold nanobipyramids (AuNBPs). We demonstrated that DTCs can absorb on AuNBPs seed's surface via the formation of Au-S bonds and thus impede the 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ)-promoted AuNBPs growth, which generates DTCs concentration-corresponding color changes. The developed sensor has vivid color changes, short analysis time, higher sensitivity and excellent specificity. It can be used to detect as low as 50 nM of total DTCs by bare eye observation and 17-18 nM of total DTCs by UV-visible spectrometry. By using the multicolor sensor, we have successfully screened total DTCs in apple and black tea by bare eye observation, and detected total DTCs in apple and black tea by UV-visible spectrometry with a recovery of 90%-104% and a relative standard deviation (RSD, n = 5) < 5%. The results obtained with our method consisted well with those obtained with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), verifying that our method had good accuracy and reliability. Especially, the visual detection limit of our method is much lower than the maximum residue limit of total DTCs in vegetable and fruits. All above features make our sensor a promising method for rapid on-site screening of total DTCs in vegetable and fruits by only bare eye observation.
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18
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Hussain N, Pu H, Hussain A, Sun DW. Rapid detection of ziram residues in apple and pear fruits by SERS based on octanethiol functionalized bimetallic core-shell nanoparticles. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 236:118357. [PMID: 32375074 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Existing approaches for the screening of unsafe materials in food matrices are time-consuming, tiresome and destructive in nature. Therefore, in the current study, a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method based on octanethiol-functionalized core-shell nanoparticles (Oct/Au@AgNPs) was established for rapid detection of ziram in apple and pear fruits. The morphology of substrate was evaluated using high-resolution TEM images and superimposed HAADF-STEM-EDS elemental mapping images, which confirmed that Au@AgNPs having gold (Au) core size of 28 nm in diameter and silver (Ag) shell of 5.5 nm in thickness were successfully grafted with octanethiol. The SERS method with the sensitive nanoparticles could detect ziram of up to 0.015 and 0.016 ppm in apple and pear with high coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.9987 and 0.9993, respectively. Furthermore, satisfactory recoveries (80-106%) were also accomplished for the fungicide in real samples. This work demonstrated that the functionalized silver-coated gold nanoparticles were easy to prepare and could be used as sensitive SERS platforms for monitoring of other agrochemicals in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisar Hussain
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongbin Pu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Abid Hussain
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Agriculture and Food Science Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Nageswara Rao T, Cheedarala RK. Determination of Dithiocarbamate Mancozeb Residues in Milk Samples Using GC-MS Method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2019.1710563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tentu. Nageswara Rao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ravi Kumar Cheedarala
- Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water and Sustainability (EEWS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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20
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Li J, Dong C, Yang Q, An W, Zheng Z, Jiao B. Simultaneous Determination of Ethylenebisdithiocarbamate (EBDC) and Propylenebisdithiocarbamate (PBDC) Fungicides in Vegetables, Fruits, and Mushrooms by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01538-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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GHOTO SA, KHUHAWAR MY, JAHANGIR TM. Silver Nanoparticles with Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate as a Colorimetric Probe for the Detection of Dithiocarbamate Pesticides in Environmental Samples. ANAL SCI 2019; 35:631-637. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18p417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saima Ameen GHOTO
- Institute of Advanced Research Studies and Chemical Sciences, University of Sindh
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22
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Double-decrease of the fluorescence of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots for the detection of zinc(II) dimethyldithiocarbamate (ziram) based on its interaction with gold nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:472. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2995-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Fateixa S, Raposo M, Nogueira H, Trindade T. A general strategy to prepare SERS active filter membranes for extraction and detection of pesticides in water. Talanta 2018; 182:558-566. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Zhu C, Wang X, Shi X, Yang F, Meng G, Xiong Q, Ke Y, Wang H, Lu Y, Wu N. Detection of Dithiocarbamate Pesticides with a Spongelike Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrate Made of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Wrapped Silver Nanocubes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:39618-39625. [PMID: 29058868 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b13479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dithiocarbamate (DTC) pesticides are widely used for fruits, vegetables, and mature crops to control fungal diseases. Their residues in food could pose a threat to human health. Therefore, a surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based (SERS-based) sensor is developed to detect DTC pesticides because SERS can provide the characteristic spectrum of pesticides and avoid the use of a molecular recognition probe in the sensor. For the acquisition of high sensitivity, good anti-interference ability, and robustness of the SERS sensor, a silver nanocube-reduced graphene oxide (AgNC-rGO) sponge is devised. In the AgNC-rGO sponge, the rGO sheets form a porous scaffold that physically holds the AgNCs, which create narrow gaps between the neighboring AgNCs, leading to the formation of "hot spots" for SERS-signal amplification. When DTC pesticides coexist with aromatic pesticides in a sample matrix, the AgNC-rGO sponge can selectively detect DTC pesticides because of the preferential adsorption of DTC pesticides on the Ag surface and aromatic pesticides on the rGO surface, which can effectively eliminate the interference of the SERS signals of aromatic pesticides, and facilitate the qualitative and quantitative analysis of DTC pesticides. The AgNC-rGO sponge shows great potential as a SERS substrate for selective detection of DTC pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuhong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiaofei Shi
- Industrial and Management Systems Engineering Department, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Feng Yang
- Industrial and Management Systems Engineering Department, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Guowen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031, China
| | - Qizhong Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yan Ke
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yilin Lu
- Institute of Technical Biology and Agriculture Engineering, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031, China
| | - Nianqiang Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6106, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
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Chen J, Fu F, Wu S, Wang J, Wang Z. Simultaneous detection of zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate and zinc ethylenebisdithiocarbamate in cabbage leaves by capillary electrophoresis with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:3898-3904. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfa Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health; Universities and Colleges in Fujian, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Fengfu Fu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety; Department of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Siying Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health; Universities and Colleges in Fujian, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health; Universities and Colleges in Fujian, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou P. R. China
| | - Zongwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Fuzhou P. R. China
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26
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Oellig C, Schwack W. Comparison of HILIC columns for residue analysis of dithiocarbamate fungicides. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1315724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Oellig
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schwack
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Mancozeb belongs to a group of pesticides known as dithiocarbamates (DTC) that are a non-systemic group of pesticides extensively used in Uganda to protect crops from fungal diseases. OBJECTIVES This study was done in 5 selected districts of Central Uganda with a focus on markets and farms to investigate the current mancozeb concentrations on tomatoes and identify key areas of improvement to minimize human exposure. METHODS Tomato samples were analyzed for mancozeb residue determined as carbon disulfide (CS2) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). RESULTS All the samples analyzed had detectable concentrations of mancozeb residue. It was observed that farm samples had mean concentrations of 1.03±0.28 mg/kg, while market samples had 0.77±0.49 mg/kg. The study also found that farmers applied 3-6 times the dosage of mancozeb recommended by manufacturers. Furthermore, the observed pre-harvest interval after application of mancozeb was 1-2 days as opposed to 3-7 days set by manufacturers. CONCLUSIONS The observed practices at farms are likely to put farmers and final consumers at a risk of exposure to dithiocarbamates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Kaye
- HYPA Consortium, Directorate of Government Analytical Laboratory, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Antony Nyombi
- HYPA Consortium, Directorate of Government Analytical Laboratory, Kampala, Uganda
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