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Villar Ortega E, Buetler KA, Aksöz EA, Marchal-Crespo L. Enhancing touch sensibility with sensory electrical stimulation and sensory retraining. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2024; 21:79. [PMID: 38750521 PMCID: PMC11096118 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-024-01371-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
A large proportion of stroke survivors suffer from sensory loss, negatively impacting their independence, quality of life, and neurorehabilitation prognosis. Despite the high prevalence of somatosensory impairments, our understanding of somatosensory interventions such as sensory electrical stimulation (SES) in neurorehabilitation is limited. We aimed to study the effectiveness of SES combined with a sensory discrimination task in a well-controlled virtual environment in healthy participants, setting a foundation for its potential application in stroke rehabilitation. We employed electroencephalography (EEG) to gain a better understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms and dynamics associated with sensory training and SES. We conducted a single-session experiment with 26 healthy participants who explored a set of three visually identical virtual textures-haptically rendered by a robotic device and that differed in their spatial period-while physically guided by the robot to identify the odd texture. The experiment consisted of three phases: pre-intervention, intervention, and post-intervention. Half the participants received subthreshold whole-hand SES during the intervention, while the other half received sham stimulation. We evaluated changes in task performance-assessed by the probability of correct responses-before and after intervention and between groups. We also evaluated differences in the exploration behavior, e.g., scanning speed. EEG was employed to examine the effects of the intervention on brain activity, particularly in the alpha frequency band (8-13 Hz) associated with sensory processing. We found that participants in the SES group improved their task performance after intervention and their scanning speed during and after intervention, while the sham group did not improve their task performance. However, the differences in task performance improvements between groups only approached significance. Furthermore, we found that alpha power was sensitive to the effects of SES; participants in the stimulation group exhibited enhanced brain signals associated with improved touch sensitivity likely due to the effects of SES on the central nervous system, while the increase in alpha power for the sham group was less pronounced. Our findings suggest that SES enhances texture discrimination after training and has a positive effect on sensory-related brain areas. Further research involving brain-injured patients is needed to confirm the potential benefit of our solution in neurorehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Villar Ortega
- Motor Learning and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Karin A Buetler
- Motor Learning and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Efe Anil Aksöz
- rehaLab-The Laboratory for Rehabilitation Engineering, Institute for Human Centred Engineering HuCE, Division of Mechatronics and Systems Engineering, Department of Engineering and Information Technology, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Biel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Marchal-Crespo
- Motor Learning and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Cognitive Robotics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Lackner CL, Gorter JW, Segalowitz SJ. Cognitive Event-Related Potentials in Young Adults With Cerebral Palsy: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Clin EEG Neurosci 2024; 55:64-75. [PMID: 33267615 PMCID: PMC10702313 DOI: 10.1177/1550059420977318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a movement and posture disorder often accompanied by cognitive difficulties which can be assessed using event-related potentials (ERPs), an often-overlooked tool in this population. Here we describe our assessment protocol, examine its feasibility, and validate the use of single-subject ERP analyses in adolescents and young adults with CP, an analysis approach which recognizes the heterogeneity of the clinical population. This study involved a final sample of 9 adolescents/young adults with CP participating in the "MyStory" study (age range 16-29 years, Mage = 25.0 years; 6 female; Gross Motor Function Classification System level I [n = 4], II [n = 2], III [n = 1], IV [n = 1], and V [n = 1]). ERP components were elicited over medial prefrontal and central cortex (error- and correct-related negativities [ERN/CRN], error-positivity [Pe], N100, P200, N200, P300), as well as those generated over occipital cortex (P100, N170). Group and single-subject ERP statistics were computed for ERPs recorded over both areas. Using recently developed data analysis methods (independent components analysis and robust bootstrapped single-subject statistics), we measured the number of participants demonstrating significant condition differences at the timing of each ERP component of interest. We demonstrate good validity for ERPs recorded during 2 of our 3 tasks eliciting frontal activation (eg, 4 of 6 participants with usable data showed a significant single-subject medial frontal negativity condition difference in a context-switching task) and good validity for ERPs derived from a task engaging occipital regions (eg, 8 of 9 participants each showed a significant N170 face-object condition effect).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine L. Lackner
- Psychology Department, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada
- Jack and Nora Walker Centre for Lifespan Development Research, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sidney J. Segalowitz
- Psychology Department, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada
- Jack and Nora Walker Centre for Lifespan Development Research, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada
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Hong Y, Moore IL, Smith DE, Long NM. Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Memory Encoding and Memory Retrieval States. J Cogn Neurosci 2023; 35:1463-1477. [PMID: 37348133 PMCID: PMC10513765 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Memory encoding and memory retrieval are neurally distinct brain states that can be differentiated on the basis of cortical network activity. However, it is unclear whether sustained engagement of one network or fluctuations between multiple networks give rise to these memory states. The spatiotemporal dynamics of memory states may have important implications for memory behavior and cognition; however, measuring temporally resolved signals of cortical networks poses a challenge. Here, we recorded scalp electroencephalography from participants performing a mnemonic state task in which they were biased toward memory encoding or retrieval. We performed a microstate analysis to measure the temporal dynamics of cortical networks throughout this mnemonic state task. We find that Microstate E, a putative analog of the default mode network, shows temporally sustained dissociations between memory encoding and retrieval, with greater engagement during retrieve compared with encode trials. We further show that decreased engagement of Microstate E is a general property of encoding, rather than a reflection of retrieval suppression. Thus, memory success, as well as cognition more broadly, may be influenced by the ability to engage or disengage Microstate E in a goal-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuju Hong
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville
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Bucsea O, Rupawala M, Shiff I, Wang X, Meek J, Fitzgerald M, Fabrizi L, Pillai Riddell R, Jones L. Clinical thresholds in pain-related facial activity linked to differences in cortical network activation in neonates. Pain 2023; 164:1039-1050. [PMID: 36633530 PMCID: PMC10108588 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In neonates, a noxious stimulus elicits pain-related facial expression changes and distinct brain activity as measured by electroencephalography, but past research has revealed an inconsistent relationship between these responses. Facial activity is the most commonly used index of neonatal pain in clinical settings, with clinical thresholds determining if analgesia should be provided; however, we do not know if these thresholds are associated with differences in how the neonatal brain processes a noxious stimulus. The objective of this study was to examine whether subclinical vs clinically significant levels of pain-related facial activity are related to differences in the pattern of nociceptive brain activity in preterm and term neonates. We recorded whole-head electroencephalography and video in 78 neonates (0-14 days postnatal age) after a clinically required heel lance. Using an optimal constellation of Neonatal Facial Coding System actions (brow bulge, eye squeeze, and nasolabial furrow), we compared the serial network engagement (microstates) between neonates with and without clinically significant pain behaviour. Results revealed a sequence of nociceptive cortical network activation that was independent of pain-related behavior; however, a separate but interleaved sequence of early activity was related to the magnitude of the immediate behavioural response. Importantly, the degree of pain-related behavior is related to how the brain processes a stimulus and not simply the degree of cortical activation. This suggests that neonates who exhibit clinically significant pain behaviours process the stimulus differently and that neonatal pain-related behaviours reflect just a portion of the overall cortical pain response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Bucsea
- Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammed Rupawala
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ilana Shiff
- Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Judith Meek
- University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Fitzgerald
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Fabrizi
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Pillai Riddell
- Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Benítez-Barrera CR, Key AP, Murray MM, Retsa C, Ricketts TA, Tharpe AM. Plasticity Changes in Central Auditory Systems of School-Age Children Following a Brief Training With a Remote Microphone System. Ear Hear 2023. [PMID: 36706057 DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to investigate whether a brief speech-in-noise training with a remote microphone (RM) system (favorable listening condition) would contribute to enhanced post-training plasticity changes in the auditory system of school-age children. DESIGN Before training, event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 49 typically developing children, who actively identified two syllables in quiet and in noise (+5 dB signal-to-noise ratio [SNR]). During training, children completed the same syllable identification task as in the pre-training noise condition, but received feedback on their performance. Following random assignment, half of the sample used an RM system during training (experimental group), while the other half did not (control group). That is, during training' children in the experimental group listened to a more favorable speech signal (+15 dB SNR) than children from the control group (+5 dB SNR). ERPs were collected after training at +5 dB SNR to evaluate the effects of training with and without the RM system. Electrical neuroimaging analyses quantified the effects of training in each group on ERP global field power (GFP) and topography, indexing response strength and network changes, respectively. Behavioral speech-perception-in-noise skills of children were also evaluated and compared before and after training. We hypothesized that training with the RM system (experimental group) would lead to greater enhancement of GFP and greater topographical changes post-training than training without the RM system (control group). We also expected greater behavioral improvement on the speech-perception-in-noise task when training with than without the RM system. RESULTS GFP was enhanced after training only in the experimental group. These effects were observed on early time-windows corresponding to traditional P1-N1 (100 to 200 msec) and P2-N2 (200 to 400 msec) ERP components. No training effects were observed on response topography. Finally, both groups increased their speech-perception-in-noise skills post-training. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced GFP after training with the RM system indicates plasticity changes in the neural representation of sound resulting from listening to an enriched auditory signal. Further investigation of longer training or auditory experiences with favorable listening conditions is needed to determine if that results in long-term speech-perception-in-noise benefits.
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Wicht CA, Mouthon M, Chabwine JN, Gaab J, Spierer L. Experience with opioids does not modify the brain network involved in expectations of placebo analgesia. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 55:1840-1858. [PMID: 35266226 PMCID: PMC9311217 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Placebo analgesia (PA) is defined as a psychobiological phenomenon triggered by the information surrounding an analgesic drug instead of its inherent pharmacological properties. PA is hypothesized to be formed through either verbal suggestions or conditioning. The present study aims at disentangling the neural correlates of expectations effects with or without conditioning through prior experience using the model of PA. We addressed this question by recruiting two groups of individuals holding comparable verbally‐induced expectations regarding morphine analgesia but either (i) with or (ii) without prior experience with opioids. We then contrasted the two groups' neurocognitive response to acute heat‐pain induction following the injection of sham morphine using electroencephalography (EEG). Topographic ERP analyses of the N2 and P2 pain evoked potential components allowed to test the hypothesis that PA involves distinct neural networks when induced by expectations with or without prior experience. First, we confirmed that the two groups showed corresponding expectations of morphine analgesia (Hedges' gs < .4 positive control criteria, gs = .37 observed difference), and that our intervention induced a medium‐sized PA (Hedges' gav ≥ .5 positive control, gav = .6 observed PA). We then tested our hypothesis on the recruitment of different PA‐associated brain networks in individuals with versus without prior experience with opioids and found no evidence for a topographic N2 and P2 ERP components difference between the two groups. Our results thus suggest that in the presence of verbally‐induced expectations, modifications in the PA‐associated brain activity by conditioning are either absent or very small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin A Wicht
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Science and Medicine, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Michael Mouthon
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Science and Medicine, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Joelle Nsimire Chabwine
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Science and Medicine, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Division of Neurorehabilitation, Fribourg Hospital, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jens Gaab
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Spierer
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Science and Medicine, Fribourg, Switzerland
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de León Rodríguez D, Mouthon M, Annoni JM, Khateb A. Current exposure to a second language modulates bilingual visual word recognition: An EEG study. Neuropsychologia 2022; 164:108109. [PMID: 34875300 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bilingual word recognition has been the focus of much empirical work, but research on potential modulating factors, such as individual differences in L2 exposure, are limited. This study represents a first attempt to determine the impact of L2-exposure on bilingual word recognition in both languages. To this end, highly fluent bilinguals were split into two groups according to their L2-exposure, and performed a semantic categorisation task while recording their behavioural responses and electro-cortical (EEG) signal. We predicted that lower L2-exposure should produce less efficient L2 word recognition processing at the behavioural level, alongside neurophysiological changes at the early pre-lexical and lexical levels, but not at a post-lexical level. Results confirmed this hypothesis in accuracy and in the N1 component of the EEG signal. Precisely, bilinguals with lower L2-exposure appeared less accurate in determining semantic relatedness when target words were presented in L2, but this condition posed no such problem for bilinguals with higher L2-exposure. Moreover, L2-exposure modulates early processes of word recognition not only in L2 but also in L1 brain activity, thus challenging a fully non-selective access account (cf. BIA + model, Dijkstra and van Heuven, 2002). We interpret our findings with reference to the frequency-lag hypothesis (Gollan et al., 2011).
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8
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Abstract
Linguistic processes in the bilingual brain are partially shared across languages, and the degree of neural overlap between the languages is influenced by several factors, including the age of acquisition, relative language proficiency, and immersion. There is limited evidence on the role of linguistic distance on the performance of the language control as well as domain-general cognitive control systems. The present study aims at exploring whether being bilingual in close and distant language pairs (CLP and DLP) influences language control and domain-general cognitive processes. We recruited two groups of DLP (Persian-English) and CLP (French-English) bilinguals. Subjects performed language nonswitching and switching picture-naming tasks and a nonlinguistic switching task while EEG data were recorded. Behaviorally, CLP bilinguals showed a lower cognitive cost than DLP bilinguals, reflected in faster reaction times both in language switching (compared to nonswitching) and nonlinguistic switching. ERPs showed differential involvement of cognitive control regions between the CLP and DLP groups during linguistic switching vs. nonswitching at 450 to 515 ms poststimulus presentation. Moreover, there was a difference between CLP and DLP groups from 40 to 150 ms in the nonlinguistic task. Our electrophysiological results confirm a stronger involvement of language control and domain-general cognitive control regions in CLP bilinguals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Radman
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) Opposite the ARAJ, Artesh Highway, Aghdassieh, Tehran, 1956836484, Iran.
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Lea Jost
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Laboratory for Cognitive and Neurological Science, Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Setareh Dorood
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) Opposite the ARAJ, Artesh Highway, Aghdassieh, Tehran, 1956836484, Iran
| | - Christian Mancini
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Laboratory for Cognitive and Neurological Science, Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marie Annoni
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Laboratory for Cognitive and Neurological Science, Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Turoman N, Tivadar RI, Retsa C, Murray MM, Matusz PJ. Towards understanding how we pay attention in naturalistic visual search settings. Neuroimage 2021; 244:118556. [PMID: 34492292 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on attentional control has largely focused on single senses and the importance of behavioural goals in controlling attention. However, everyday situations are multisensory and contain regularities, both likely influencing attention. We investigated how visual attentional capture is simultaneously impacted by top-down goals, the multisensory nature of stimuli, and the contextual factors of stimuli's semantic relationship and temporal predictability. Participants performed a multisensory version of the Folk et al. (1992) spatial cueing paradigm, searching for a target of a predefined colour (e.g. a red bar) within an array preceded by a distractor. We manipulated: 1) stimuli's goal-relevance via distractor's colour (matching vs. mismatching the target), 2) stimuli's multisensory nature (colour distractors appearing alone vs. with tones), 3) the relationship between the distractor sound and colour (arbitrary vs. semantically congruent) and 4) the temporal predictability of distractor onset. Reaction-time spatial cueing served as a behavioural measure of attentional selection. We also recorded 129-channel event-related potentials (ERPs), analysing the distractor-elicited N2pc component both canonically and using a multivariate electrical neuroimaging framework. Behaviourally, arbitrary target-matching distractors captured attention more strongly than semantically congruent ones, with no evidence for context modulating multisensory enhancements of capture. Notably, electrical neuroimaging of surface-level EEG analyses revealed context-based influences on attention to both visual and multisensory distractors, in how strongly they activated the brain and type of activated brain networks. For both processes, the context-driven brain response modulations occurred long before the N2pc time-window, with topographic (network-based) modulations at ∼30 ms, followed by strength-based modulations at ∼100 ms post-distractor onset. Our results reveal that both stimulus meaning and predictability modulate attentional selection, and they interact while doing so. Meaning, in addition to temporal predictability, is thus a second source of contextual information facilitating goal-directed behaviour. More broadly, in everyday situations, attention is controlled by an interplay between one's goals, stimuli's perceptual salience, meaning and predictability. Our study calls for a revision of attentional control theories to account for the role of contextual and multisensory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Turoman
- The LINE (Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology), Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; MEDGIFT Lab, Institute of Information Systems, School of Management, HES-SO Valais-Wallis University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Techno-Pôle 3, 3960 Sierre, Switzerland; Working Memory, Cognition and Development lab, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ruxandra I Tivadar
- The LINE (Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology), Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Ophthalmology, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland; Cognitive Computational Neuroscience group, Institute of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Chrysa Retsa
- The LINE (Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology), Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Micah M Murray
- The LINE (Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology), Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Ophthalmology, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland; CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pawel J Matusz
- The LINE (Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology), Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; MEDGIFT Lab, Institute of Information Systems, School of Management, HES-SO Valais-Wallis University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Techno-Pôle 3, 3960 Sierre, Switzerland; Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Angelini M, Del Vecchio M, Lopomo NF, Gobbo M, Avanzini P. Perspective-dependent activation of frontoparietal circuits during the observation of a static body effector. Brain Res 2021; 1769:147604. [PMID: 34332965 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The perspective from which body-related stimuli are observed plays a fundamental role in modulating cerebral activity during the processing of others' bodies and actions. Previous research has shown perspective-dependent cerebral responses during the observation of both ongoing actions and static images of an acting body with implied motion information, with an advantage for the egocentric viewpoint. The present high-density EEG study assessed event-related potentials triggered by the presentation of a forearm at rest before reach-to-grasp actions, shown from four different viewpoints. Through a spatiotemporal analysis of the scalp electric field and the localization of cortical generators, our study revealed overall different processing for the third-person perspective relative to other viewpoints, mainly due to a later activation of motor-premotor regions. Since observing a static body effector often precedes action observation, our results integrate previous evidence of perspective-dependent encoding, with cascade implications on the design of neurorehabilitative or motor learning interventions based on action observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Angelini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Neuroscienze, Sede di Parma, Parma, Italy; Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Maria Del Vecchio
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Neuroscienze, Sede di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Nicola Francesco Lopomo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Gobbo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Sperimentali, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pietro Avanzini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Neuroscienze, Sede di Parma, Parma, Italy.
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11
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Lasaponara S, D'Onofrio M, Pinto M, Aiello M, Pellegrino M, Scozia G, De Lucia M, Doricchi F. Individual EEG profiling of attention deficits in left spatial neglect: A pilot study. Neurosci Lett 2021; 761:136097. [PMID: 34237413 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Electrophysiological group studies in brain-damaged patients can be run to capture the EEG correlates of specific cognitive impairments. Nonetheless, this procedure is not adequate to characterize the inter-individual variability present in major neuropsychological syndromes. We tested the possibility of getting a reliable individual EEG characterization of deficits of endogenous orienting of spatial attention in right-brain damaged (RBD) patients with left spatial neglect (N+). We used a single-trial topographical analysis (STTA; [39] of individual scalp EEG topographies recorded during leftward and rightward orienting of attention with central cues in RBD patients with and without (N-) neglect and in healthy controls (HC). We found that the STTA successfully decoded EEG signals related to leftward and rightward orienting in five out of the six N+, five out of the six N- patients and in all the six HC. In agreement with findings from conventional average-group studies, successful classifications of EEG signals in N+ were observed during the 400-800 ms period post-cue-onset, which reflects preserved voluntary engagement of attention resources (ADAN component). These results suggest the possibility of acquiring reliable individual EEG profiles of neglect patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Lasaponara
- Dipartimento di Psicologia 39, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia, Centro Ricerche di Neuropsicologia, IRCCS, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Roma, Italy.
| | - Marianna D'Onofrio
- Dipartimento di Psicologia 39, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Mario Pinto
- Fondazione Santa Lucia, Centro Ricerche di Neuropsicologia, IRCCS, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Roma, Italy
| | | | - Michele Pellegrino
- Dipartimento di Psicologia 39, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia, Centro Ricerche di Neuropsicologia, IRCCS, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Roma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Scozia
- Dipartimento di Psicologia 39, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Marzia De Lucia
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience - Department of Clinical Neurosciences, CHUV - UNIL, Chemin de Mont-Paisible,16, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Doricchi
- Dipartimento di Psicologia 39, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Roma, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia, Centro Ricerche di Neuropsicologia, IRCCS, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Roma, Italy
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12
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De Pretto M, Mouthon M, Debove I, Pollo C, Schüpbach M, Spierer L, Accolla EA. Proactive inhibition is not modified by deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease: An electrical neuroimaging study. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:3934-3949. [PMID: 34110074 PMCID: PMC8288097 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In predictable contexts, motor inhibitory control can be deployed before the actual need for response suppression. The brain functional underpinnings of proactive inhibition, and notably the role of basal ganglia, are not entirely identified. We investigated the effects of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus or internal globus pallidus on proactive inhibition in patients with Parkinson's disease. They completed a cued go/no-go proactive inhibition task ON and (unilateral) OFF stimulation while EEG was recorded. We found no behavioural effect of either subthalamic nucleus or internal globus pallidus deep brain stimulation on proactive inhibition, despite a general improvement of motor performance with subthalamic nucleus stimulation. In the non-operated and subthalamic nucleus group, we identified periods of topographic EEG modulation by the level of proactive inhibition. In the subthalamic nucleus group, source estimation analysis suggested the initial involvement of bilateral frontal and occipital areas, followed by a right lateralized fronto-basal network, and finally of right premotor and left parietal regions. Our results confirm the overall preservation of proactive inhibition capacities in both subthalamic nucleus and internal globus pallidus deep brain stimulation, and suggest a partly segregated network for proactive inhibition, with a preferential recruitment of the indirect pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael De Pretto
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Michael Mouthon
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ines Debove
- Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Pollo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael Schüpbach
- Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Spierer
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ettore A Accolla
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, HFR - Cantonal Hospital Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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13
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Najberg H, Wachtl L, Anziano M, Mouthon M, Spierer L. Aging Modulates Prefrontal Plasticity Induced by Executive Control Training. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:809-825. [PMID: 32930336 PMCID: PMC7786350 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While declines in inhibitory control, the capacity to suppress unwanted neurocognitive processes, represent a hallmark of healthy aging, whether this function is susceptible to training-induced plasticity in older populations remains largely unresolved. We addressed this question with a randomized controlled trial investigating the changes in behavior and electrical neuroimaging activity induced by a 3-week adaptive gamified Go/NoGo inhibitory control training (ICT). Performance improvements were accompanied by the development of more impulsive response strategies, but did not generalize to impulsivity traits nor quality of life. As compared with a 2-back working-memory training, the ICT in the older adults resulted in a purely quantitative reduction in the strength of the activity in a medial and ventrolateral prefrontal network over the 400 ms P3 inhibition-related event-related potentials component. However, as compared with young adults, the ICT induced distinct configurational modifications in older adults' 200 ms N2 conflict monitoring medial-frontal functional network. Hence, while older populations show preserved capacities for training-induced plasticity in executive control, aging interacts with the underlying plastic brain mechanisms. Training improves the efficiency of the inhibition process in older adults, but its effects differ from those in young adults at the level of the coping with inhibition demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Najberg
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laura Wachtl
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marco Anziano
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Michael Mouthon
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Spierer
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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14
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Jones L, Laudiano-Dray MP, Whitehead K, Meek J, Fitzgerald M, Fabrizi L, Pillai Riddell R. The impact of parental contact upon cortical noxious-related activity in human neonates. Eur J Pain 2020; 25:149-159. [PMID: 32965725 PMCID: PMC8436758 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonates display strong behavioural, physiological and cortical responses to tissue-damaging procedures. Parental contact can successfully regulate general behavioural and physiological reactivity of the infant, but it is not known whether it can influence noxious-related activity in the brain. Brain activity is highly dependent upon maternal presence in animal models, and therefore this could be an important contextual factor in human infant pain-related brain activity. METHODS Global topographic analysis was used to identify the presence and inter-group differences in noxious-related activity in three separate parental contexts. EEG was recorded during a clinically required heel lance in three age and sex-matched groups of neonates (a) while held by a parent in skin-to-skin (n = 9), (b) while held by a parent with clothing (n = 9) or (c) not held at all, but in individualized care (n = 9). RESULTS The lance elicited a sequence of 4-5 event-related potentials (ERPs), including the noxious ERP (nERP), which was smallest for infants held skin-to-skin and largest for infants held with clothing (p=0.016). The nERP was then followed by additional and divergent long-latency ERPs (> 750 ms post-lance), not previously described, in each of the groups, suggesting the engagement of different higher level cortical processes depending on parental contact. CONCLUSIONS These results show the importance of considering contextual factors in determining infant brain activity and reveal the powerful influence of parental contact upon noxious-related activity across the developing human brain. SIGNIFICANCE This observational study found that the way in which the neonatal brain processes a noxious stimulus is altered by the type of contact the infant has with their mother. Specifically, being held in skin-to-skin reduces the magnitude of noxious-related cortical activity. This work has also shown that different neural mechanisms are engaged depending on the mother/infant context, suggesting maternal contact can change how a baby's brain processes a noxious stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Kimberley Whitehead
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Judith Meek
- Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Obstetric Wing, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Maria Fitzgerald
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Fabrizi
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
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15
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Comanducci A, Boly M, Claassen J, De Lucia M, Gibson RM, Juan E, Laureys S, Naccache L, Owen AM, Rosanova M, Rossetti AO, Schnakers C, Sitt JD, Schiff ND, Massimini M. Clinical and advanced neurophysiology in the prognostic and diagnostic evaluation of disorders of consciousness: review of an IFCN-endorsed expert group. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 131:2736-2765. [PMID: 32917521 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of spontaneous EEG activity and evoked potentialsis a cornerstone of the instrumental evaluation of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). Thepast few years have witnessed an unprecedented surge in EEG-related research applied to the prediction and detection of recovery of consciousness after severe brain injury,opening up the prospect that new concepts and tools may be available at the bedside. This paper provides a comprehensive, critical overview of bothconsolidated and investigational electrophysiological techniquesfor the prognostic and diagnostic assessment of DoC.We describe conventional clinical EEG approaches, then focus on evoked and event-related potentials, and finally we analyze the potential of novel research findings. In doing so, we (i) draw a distinction between acute, prolonged and chronic phases of DoC, (ii) attempt to relate both clinical and research findings to the underlying neuronal processes and (iii) discuss technical and conceptual caveats.The primary aim of this narrative review is to bridge the gap between standard and emerging electrophysiological measures for the detection and prediction of recovery of consciousness. The ultimate scope is to provide a reference and common ground for academic researchers active in the field of neurophysiology and clinicians engaged in intensive care unit and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Comanducci
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - M Boly
- Department of Neurology and Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA; Wisconsin Institute for Sleep and Consciousness, Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA
| | - J Claassen
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - M De Lucia
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R M Gibson
- The Brain and Mind Institute and the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western Interdisciplinary Research Building, N6A 5B7 University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - E Juan
- Wisconsin Institute for Sleep and Consciousness, Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA; Amsterdam Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Laureys
- Coma Science Group, Centre du Cerveau, GIGA-Consciousness, University and University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; Fondazione Europea per la Ricerca Biomedica Onlus, Milan 20063, Italy
| | - L Naccache
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - A M Owen
- The Brain and Mind Institute and the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western Interdisciplinary Research Building, N6A 5B7 University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Rosanova
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Fondazione Europea per la Ricerca Biomedica Onlus, Milan 20063, Italy
| | - A O Rossetti
- Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Schnakers
- Research Institute, Casa Colina Hospital and Centers for Healthcare, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - J D Sitt
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - N D Schiff
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - M Massimini
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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16
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Maitre NL, Jeanvoine A, Yoder PJ, Key AP, Slaughter JC, Carey H, Needham A, Murray MM, Heathcock J, Burkhardt S, Emery L, Hague K, Levengood K, Lewandowski DJ, Nelin MA, Pennington C, Pietruszewski L, Purnell J, Sowers B; the BBOP group. Kinematic and Somatosensory Gains in Infants with Cerebral Palsy After a Multi-Component Upper-Extremity Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Brain Topogr 2020; 33:751-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-020-00790-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Ribordy Lambert F, Wicht CA, Mouthon M, Spierer L. Acute alcohol intoxication and expectations reshape the spatiotemporal functional architecture of executive control. Neuroimage 2020; 215:116811. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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18
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Whitehead K, Papadelis C, Laudiano-Dray MP, Meek J, Fabrizi L. The Emergence of Hierarchical Somatosensory Processing in Late Prematurity. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:2245-2260. [PMID: 30843584 PMCID: PMC6458926 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The somatosensory system has a hierarchical organization. Information processing increases in complexity from the contralateral primary sensory cortex to bilateral association cortices and this is represented by a sequence of somatosensory-evoked potentials recorded with scalp electroencephalographies. The mammalian somatosensory system matures over the early postnatal period in a rostro-caudal progression, but little is known about the development of hierarchical information processing in the human infant brain. To investigate the normal human development of the somatosensory hierarchy, we recorded potentials evoked by mechanical stimulation of hands and feet in 34 infants between 34 and 42 weeks corrected gestational age, with median postnatal age of 3 days. We show that the shortest latency potential was evoked for both hands and feet at all ages with a contralateral somatotopic source in the primary somatosensory cortex (SI). However, the longer latency responses, localized in SI and beyond, matured with age. They gradually emerged for the foot and, although always present for the hand, showed a shift from purely contralateral to bilateral hemispheric activation. These results demonstrate the rostro-caudal development of human somatosensory hierarchy and suggest that the development of its higher tiers is complete only just before the time of normal birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Whitehead
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | - C Papadelis
- Laboratory of Children's Brain Dynamics, Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M P Laudiano-Dray
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Meek
- Neonatal Unit, Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Wing, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - L Fabrizi
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
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19
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Jost LB, Pestalozzi MI, Cazzoli D, Mouthon M, Müri RM, Annoni JM. Effects of Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation Over the Left Dlpfc on Mother Tongue and Second Language Production In Late Bilinguals: A Behavioral and ERP Study. Brain Topogr 2020; 33:504-518. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-020-00779-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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20
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Pestalozzi MI, Annoni JM, Müri RM, Jost LB. Effects of theta burst stimulation over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on language switching - A behavioral and ERP study. Brain Lang 2020; 205:104775. [PMID: 32163743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2020.104775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in language switching using theta burst stimulation (TBS) and electroencephalography in late bilinguals. After a sham-controlled baseline, participants received either excitatory or inhibitory TBS over the left DLPFC before conducting picture naming tasks in pure language blocks and a language switching block, as well as a nonverbal switching task. On the behavioral level, we found no effect of TBS. However, the ERP-analysis revealed an effect of Stimulation for the picture naming tasks, characterized by alterations in the left DLPFC at 20-72 ms, and in networks associated with conflict resolution and self-monitoring at 533-600 ms. As we did not find an interaction between Stimulation and Block (switching vs non-switching), prefrontal stimulation did not specifically modulate interlanguage control. The left DLPFC might rather be involved in enhancingmaintenance of task demands and self-monitoring during language production in both mono- and bilingual contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Pestalozzi
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Marie Annoni
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - René M Müri
- Department of Neurology, University Neurorehabilitation, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Lea B Jost
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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21
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Pfeiffer C, Hollenstein N, Zhang C, Langer N. Neural dynamics of sentiment processing during naturalistic sentence reading. Neuroimage 2020; 218:116934. [PMID: 32416227 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
When we read, our eyes move through the text in a series of fixations and high-velocity saccades to extract visual information. This process allows the brain to obtain meaning, e.g., about sentiment, or the emotional valence, expressed in the written text. How exactly the brain extracts the sentiment of single words during naturalistic reading is largely unknown. This is due to the challenges of naturalistic imaging, which has previously led researchers to employ highly controlled, timed word-by-word presentations of custom reading materials that lack ecological validity. Here, we aimed to assess the electrical neural correlates of word sentiment processing during naturalistic reading of English sentences. We used a publicly available dataset of simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG), eye-tracking recordings, and word-level semantic annotations from 7129 words in 400 sentences (Zurich Cognitive Language Processing Corpus; Hollenstein et al., 2018). We computed fixation-related potentials (FRPs), which are evoked electrical responses time-locked to the onset of fixations. A general linear mixed model analysis of FRPs cleaned from visual- and motor-evoked activity showed a topographical difference between the positive and negative sentiment condition in the 224-304 ms interval after fixation onset in left-central and right-posterior electrode clusters. An additional analysis that included word-, phrase-, and sentence-level sentiment predictors showed the same FRP differences for the word-level sentiment, but no additional FRP differences for phrase- and sentence-level sentiment. Furthermore, decoding analysis that classified word sentiment (positive or negative) from sentiment-matched 40-trial average FRPs showed a 0.60 average accuracy (95% confidence interval: [0.58, 0.61]). Control analyses ruled out that these results were based on differences in eye movements or linguistic features other than word sentiment. Our results extend previous research by showing that the emotional valence of lexico-semantic stimuli evoke a fast electrical neural response upon word fixation during naturalistic reading. These results provide an important step to identify the neural processes of lexico-semantic processing in ecologically valid conditions and can serve to improve computer algorithms for natural language processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Pfeiffer
- Methods of Plasticity Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Ce Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Langer
- Methods of Plasticity Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland
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22
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Raynal E, Schnider A, Manuel AL. Early signal from the hippocampus for memory encoding. Hippocampus 2019; 30:114-120. [PMID: 31298449 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The mediotemporal lobe (MTL), including the hippocampus, is involved in all stages of episodic memory including memory encoding, consolidation, and retrieval. However, the exact timing of the hippocampus' involvement immediately after stimulus encounter remains unclear. In this study, we used high-density 156-channel electroencephalography to study the processing of entirely new stimuli, which had to be encoded, in comparison to highly overlearned stimuli. Sixteen healthy subjects performed a continuous recognition task with meaningful pictures repeated up to four consecutive times. Waveform and topographic cluster analyses of event-related potentials revealed that new items, in comparison to repetitions, were processed significantly differently at 220-300 ms. Source estimation localized activation for processing new stimuli in the right MTL. Our study demonstrates the occurrence of a transient signal from the MTL in response to new information already at 200-300 ms poststimulus onset, which presumably reflects encoding as an initial step toward memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Raynal
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital and University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Armin Schnider
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital and University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie L Manuel
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital and University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
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23
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Hartmann L, Wachtl L, de Lucia M, Spierer L. Practice-induced functional plasticity in inhibitory control interacts with aging. Brain Cogn 2019; 132:22-32. [PMID: 30802731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitory control deficits represent a key aspect of the cognitive declines associated with aging. Practicing inhibitory control has thus been advanced as a potential approach to compensate for age-induced neurocognitive impairments. Yet, the functional brain changes associated with practicing inhibitory control tasks in older adults and whether they differ from those observed in young populations remains unresolved. We compared electrical neuroimaging analyses of ERPs recorded during a Go/NoGo practice session with a Group (Young; Older adults) by Session (Beginning; End of the practice) design to identify whether the practice of an inhibition task in older adults reinforces already implemented compensatory activity or reduce it by enhancing the functioning of the brain networks primarily involved in the tasks. We observed an equivalent small effect of practice on performance in the two age-groups. The topographic ERP analyses and source estimations revealed qualitatively different effects of the practice over the N2 and P3 ERP components, respectively driven by a decrease in supplementary motor area activity and an increase in left ventrolateral prefrontal activity in the older but not in the young adults with practice. Our results thus indicate that inhibition task practice in older adults increases age-related divergences in the underlying functional processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Hartmann
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laura Wachtl
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marzia de Lucia
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Spierer
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) was the first of the noninvasive brain measures in neuroscience. Technical advances over the last 100 years or so have rendered EEG a true brain imaging technique. Here, we provide an accessible primer on the biophysics of EEG, on measurement aspects, and on the analysis of EEG data. We use the example of event-related potentials (ERPs), although the issues apply equally to other varieties of EEG signals, and provide an overview of analytic methods at the base of the so-called electrical neuroimaging framework. We detail the interpretational strengths of electrical neuroimaging for organizational researchers and describe some domains of ongoing technical developments. We likewise emphasize practical considerations with the use of EEG in more real-world settings. This primer is intended to provide organizational researchers specifically, and novices more generally, an access point to understanding how EEG may be applied in their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxandra I. Tivadar
- LINE (Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology), Department of Radiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne and Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Micah M. Murray
- LINE (Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology), Department of Radiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne and Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
- EEG Brain Mapping Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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25
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Rothmaler K, Ivanova G. The HEURECA method: Tracking multiple phase coupling dynamics on a single trial basis. J Neurosci Methods 2018; 307:138-148. [PMID: 29936071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although acquisition techniques have improved tremendously, the neuroscientific understanding of complex cognitive phenomena is still incomplete. One of the reasons for this shortcoming may be the lack of sophisticated signal processing methods. Complex cognitive phenomena usually involve various mental subprocesses whose temporal occurrence varies from trial to trial. Mostly, these mental subprocesses require large-scale integration processes between multiple brain areas that are most likely mediated by complex, non-linear phase coupling mechanisms. Consequently, a spatiotemporal analysis of complex, multivariate phase synchronization patterns on a single trial basis is necessary. NEW METHOD This paper introduces the HEURECA method (How to Evaluate and Uncover Recurring EEG Coupling Arrangements) that enables the dynamic detection of distinguishable multivariate functional connectivity states in the electroencephalogram. HEURECA adaptively divides a trial into segments of quasi-stable phase coupling topographies and assigns similar topographies to the same synchrostate cluster. RESULTS HEURECA is evaluated by means of simulated data. The results show that it reliably reconstructs a time series of recurring phase coupling topographies and successfully gathers them into clusters of interpretable neural synchrostates. The advantages and unique features of HEURECA are further illustrated by investigating the popular complex cognitive phenomenon insight. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Unlike existing methods, HEURECA detects complex phase relationships between more than two signals and is applicable to single trials. CONCLUSIONS Since HEURECA is applicable to all kinds of circular data, it not only provides new insights into insight, but also into a variety of other phenomena in neuroscience, physics or other scientific fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Rothmaler
- Department of Computer Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Rudower Chaussee 25, 12489 Berlin, Germany; Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Galina Ivanova
- Department of Computer Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Rudower Chaussee 25, 12489 Berlin, Germany; Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
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De Pretto M, Deiber MP, James CE. Steady-state evoked potentials distinguish brain mechanisms of self-paced versus synchronization finger tapping. Hum Mov Sci 2018; 61:151-166. [PMID: 30098488 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) requires aligning motor actions to external events and represents a core part of both musical and dance performances. In the current study, to isolate the brain mechanisms involved in synchronizing finger tapping with a musical beat, we compared SMS to pure self-paced finger tapping and listen-only conditions at different tempi. We analyzed EEG data using frequency domain steady-state evoked potentials (SSEPs) to identify sustained electrophysiological brain activity during repetitive tasks. Behavioral results revealed different timing modes between SMS and self-paced finger tapping, associated with distinct scalp topographies, thus suggesting different underlying brain sources. After subtraction of the listen-only brain activity, SMS was compared to self-paced finger tapping. Resulting source estimations showed stronger activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus during SMS, and stronger activation of the bilateral inferior parietal lobule during self-paced finger tapping. These results point to the left inferior frontal gyrus as a pivot for perception-action coupling. We discuss our findings in the context of the ongoing debate about SSEPs interpretation given the variety of brain events contributing to SSEPs and similar EEG frequency responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael De Pretto
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 40 Boulevard du Pont-d'Arve, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Neurology Unit, Medicine Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
| | - Marie-Pierre Deiber
- Psychiatry Department, Division of Psychiatric Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva, 20 bis rue de Lausanne, CH-1201 Geneva, Switzerland; NCCR Synapsy, 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Clara E James
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 40 Boulevard du Pont-d'Arve, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; School of Health Sciences Geneva, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 47 Avenue de Champel, CH-1206 Geneva, Switzerland
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Sallard E, Hartmann L, Ptak R, Spierer L. Spatiotemporal brain dynamics underlying attentional bias modifications. Int J Psychophysiol 2018; 130:29-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pfeiffer C, Nguissi NAN, Chytiris M, Bidlingmeyer P, Haenggi M, Kurmann R, Zubler F, Accolla E, Viceic D, Rusca M, Oddo M, Rossetti AO, De Lucia M. Somatosensory and auditory deviance detection for outcome prediction during postanoxic coma. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2018; 5:1016-1024. [PMID: 30250859 PMCID: PMC6144443 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Prominent research in patients with disorders of consciousness investigated the electrophysiological correlates of auditory deviance detection as a marker of consciousness recovery. Here, we extend previous studies by investigating whether somatosensory deviance detection provides an added value for outcome prediction in postanoxic comatose patients. Methods Electroencephalography responses to frequent and rare stimuli were obtained from 66 patients on the first and second day after coma onset. Results Multivariate decoding analysis revealed an above chance‐level auditory discrimination in 25 patients on the first day and in 31 patients on the second day. Tactile discrimination was significant in 16 patients on the first day and in 23 patients on the second day. Single‐day sensory discrimination was unrelated to patients’ outcome in both modalities. However, improvement of auditory discrimination from first to the second day was predictive of good outcome with a positive predictive power (PPV) of 0.73 (CI = 0.52–0.88). Analyses considering the improvement of tactile, auditory and tactile, or either auditory or tactile discrimination showed no significant prediction of good outcome (PPVs = 0.58–0.68). Interpretation Our results show that in the acute phase of coma deviance detection is largely preserved for both auditory and tactile modalities. However, we found no evidence for an added value of somatosensory to auditory deviance detection function for coma‐outcome prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Pfeiffer
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN) University Hospital (CHUV) & University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Ata Nguepnjo Nguissi
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN) University Hospital (CHUV) & University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Magali Chytiris
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN) University Hospital (CHUV) & University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Phanie Bidlingmeyer
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN) University Hospital (CHUV) & University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Matthias Haenggi
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Rebekka Kurmann
- Department of Neurology Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Zubler
- Department of Neurology Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Ettore Accolla
- Neurology Unit Department of Medicine Hôpital Cantonal Fribourg (HFR) Fribourg Switzerland.,Laboratory for Cognitive and Neurological Sciences Department of Medicine University of Fribourg Fribourg Switzerland
| | | | - Marco Rusca
- Intensive Care Medicine Hôpital du Valais Sion Switzerland
| | - Mauro Oddo
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital (CHUV) & University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Andrea O Rossetti
- Neurology Service University Hospital (CHUV) & University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Marzia De Lucia
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN) University Hospital (CHUV) & University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
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Anken J, Tivadar RI, Knebel JF, Murray MM. Brain mechanisms for perceiving illusory lines in humans. Neuroimage 2018; 181:182-9. [PMID: 30008430 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Illusory contours (ICs) are perceptions of visual borders despite absent contrast gradients. The psychophysical and neurobiological mechanisms of IC processes have been studied across species and diverse brain imaging/mapping techniques. Nonetheless, debate continues regarding whether IC sensitivity results from a (presumably) feedforward process within low-level visual cortices (V1/V2) or instead are processed first within higher-order brain regions, such as lateral occipital cortices (LOC). Studies in animal models, which generally favour a feedforward mechanism within V1/V2, have typically involved stimuli inducing IC lines. By contrast, studies in humans generally favour a mechanism where IC sensitivity is mediated by LOC and have typically involved stimuli inducing IC forms or shapes. Thus, the particular stimulus features used may strongly contribute to the model of IC sensitivity supported. To address this, we recorded visual evoked potentials (VEPs) while presenting human observers with an array of 10 inducers within the central 5°, two of which could be oriented to induce an IC line on a given trial. VEPs were analysed using an electrical neuroimaging framework. Sensitivity to the presence vs. absence of centrally-presented IC lines was first apparent at ∼200 ms post-stimulus onset and was evident as topographic differences across conditions. We also localized these differences to the LOC. The timing and localization of these effects are consistent with a model of IC sensitivity commencing within higher-level visual cortices. We propose that prior observations of effects within lower-tier cortices (V1/V2) are the result of feedback from IC sensitivity that originates instead within higher-tier cortices (LOC).
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Jost LB, Radman N, Buetler KA, Annoni JM. Behavioral and electrophysiological signatures of word translation processes. Neuropsychologia 2018; 109:245-254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Successful prediction of future events depends on the brain’s capacity to extract temporal regularities from sensory inputs. Neuroimaging studies mainly investigated regularity processing for exteroceptive sensory inputs (i.e. from outside the body). Here we investigated whether interoceptive signals (i.e. from inside the body) can mediate auditory regularity processing. Human participants passively listened to sound sequences presented in synchrony or asynchrony to their heartbeat while concomitant electroencephalography was recorded. We hypothesized that the cardio-audio synchronicity would induce a brain expectation of future sounds. Electrical neuroimaging analysis revealed a surprise response at 158–270 ms upon omission of the expected sounds in the synchronous condition only. Control analyses ruled out that this effect was trivially based on expectation from the auditory temporal structure or on differences in heartbeat physiological signals. Implicit neural monitoring of temporal regularities across interoceptive and exteroceptive signals drives prediction of future events in auditory sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Pfeiffer
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Marzia De Lucia
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Juan E, Nguepnjo Nguissi NA, Tzovara A, Viceic D, Rusca M, Oddo M, Rossetti AO, De Lucia M. Evidence of trace conditioning in comatose patients revealed by the reactivation of EEG responses to alerting sounds. Neuroimage 2016; 141:530-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Juan E, De Lucia M, Tzovara A, Beaud V, Oddo M, Clarke S, Rossetti AO. Prediction of cognitive outcome based on the progression of auditory discrimination during coma. Resuscitation 2016; 106:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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De Pretto M, Sallard E, Spierer L. State dependency of inhibitory control performance: an electrical neuroimaging study. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 44:1826-32. [PMID: 27116703 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral and brain responses to stimuli not only depend on their physical features but also on the individuals' neurocognitive states before stimuli onsets. While the influence of pre-stimulus fluctuations in brain activity on low-level perceptive processes is well established, the state dependency of high-order executive processes remains unclear. Using a classical inhibitory control Go/NoGo task, we examined whether and how fluctuations in the brain activity during the period preceding the stimuli triggering inhibition influenced inhibitory control performance. Seventeen participants completed the Go/NoGo task while 64-channel electroencephalogram was recorded. We compared the event-related potentials preceding the onset of the NoGo stimuli associated with inhibition failures false alarms (FA) vs. successful inhibition correct rejections (CR) with data-driven statistical analyses of global measures of the topography and strength of the scalp electric field. Distributed electrical source estimations were used to localize the origin of the event-related potentials modulations. We observed differences in the global field power of the event-related potentials (FA > CR) without concomitant topographic modulations over the 40 ms period immediately preceding NoGo stimuli. This result indicates that the same brain networks were engaged in the two conditions, but more strongly before FA than CR. Source estimations revealed that this effect followed from a higher activity before FA than CR within bilateral inferior frontal gyri and the right inferior parietal lobule. These findings suggest that uncontrolled quantitative variations in pre-stimulus activity within attentional and control brain networks influence inhibition performance. The present data thereby demonstrate the state dependency of cognitive processes of up to high-order executive levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael De Pretto
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Fribourg, PER 09, Chemin du Musée 5, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Etienne Sallard
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Fribourg, PER 09, Chemin du Musée 5, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Spierer
- Neurology Unit, Medicine Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Fribourg, PER 09, Chemin du Musée 5, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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35
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Anken J, Knebel JF, Crottaz-Herbette S, Matusz PJ, Lefebvre J, Murray MM. Cue-dependent circuits for illusory contours in humans. Neuroimage 2016; 129:335-344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Tzovara A, Rossetti AO, Juan E, Suys T, Viceic D, Rusca M, Oddo M, Lucia MD. Prediction of awakening from hypothermic postanoxic coma based on auditory discrimination. Ann Neurol 2016; 79:748-757. [DOI: 10.1002/ana.24622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athina Tzovara
- Neuroimaging Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neurosciences; Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne; Lausanne Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy; and Psychosomatics and Neuroscience Centre Zurich; University of Zurich Switzerland
| | - Andrea O. Rossetti
- Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences; Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Elsa Juan
- Neuroimaging Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neurosciences; Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne; Lausanne Switzerland
- Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences; Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Tamarah Suys
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine; Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne; Lausanne Switzerland
| | | | - Marco Rusca
- Intensive Care Medicine Service; Valais Hospital; Sion Switzerland
| | - Mauro Oddo
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine; Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Marzia De Lucia
- Neuroimaging Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neurosciences; Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne; Lausanne Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia De Lucia
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Lausanne University and University Hospital, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
| | - Athina Tzovara
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Lausanne University and University Hospital, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University of Zurich, CH-8032, Switzerland Neuroscience Centre Zurich University of Zurich, CH-8032, Switzerland
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Abstract
Global field power is a valuable summary of multi-channel electroencephalography data. However, global field power is biased by the noise typical of electroencephalography experiments, so comparisons of global field power on data with unequal noise are invalid. Here, we demonstrate the relationship between the number of trials that contribute to a global field power measure and the expected value of that global field power measure. We also introduce a statistical testing procedure that can be used for multi-subject, repeated-measures (also called within-subjects) comparisons of global field power when the number of trials per condition is unequal across conditions. Simulations demonstrate the effect of unequal trial numbers on global field power comparisons and show the validity of the proposed test in contrast to conventional approaches. Finally, the proposed test and two alternative tests are applied to data collected in a rapid serial visual presentation target detection experiment. The results show that the proposed test finds global field power differences in the classical P3 range; the other tests find differences in that range but also at other times including at times before stimulus onset. These results are interpreted as showing that the proposed test is valid and sensitive to real within-subject differences in global field power in multi-subject unbalanced data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T Files
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA.
| | | | - Anthony J Ries
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA
| | - Amar R Marathe
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA
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Manuel AL, Schnider A. Differential processing of immediately repeated verbal and non-verbal stimuli: an evoked-potential study. Eur J Neurosci 2015; 43:89-97. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie L. Manuel
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation; Division of Neurorehabilitation; Department of Clinical Neurosciences; University of Geneva and University Hospital of Geneva; Av. de Beau-Séjour 26 1206 Genèva Switzerland
| | - Armin Schnider
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation; Division of Neurorehabilitation; Department of Clinical Neurosciences; University of Geneva and University Hospital of Geneva; Av. de Beau-Séjour 26 1206 Genèva Switzerland
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Matusz PJ, Thelen A, Amrein S, Geiser E, Anken J, Murray MM. The role of auditory cortices in the retrieval of single-trial auditory-visual object memories. Eur J Neurosci 2015; 41:699-708. [PMID: 25728186 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Single-trial encounters with multisensory stimuli affect both memory performance and early-latency brain responses to visual stimuli. Whether and how auditory cortices support memory processes based on single-trial multisensory learning is unknown and may differ qualitatively and quantitatively from comparable processes within visual cortices due to purported differences in memory capacities across the senses. We recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) as healthy adults (n = 18) performed a continuous recognition task in the auditory modality, discriminating initial (new) from repeated (old) sounds of environmental objects. Initial presentations were either unisensory or multisensory; the latter entailed synchronous presentation of a semantically congruent or a meaningless image. Repeated presentations were exclusively auditory, thus differing only according to the context in which the sound was initially encountered. Discrimination abilities (indexed by d') were increased for repeated sounds that were initially encountered with a semantically congruent image versus sounds initially encountered with either a meaningless or no image. Analyses of ERPs within an electrical neuroimaging framework revealed that early stages of auditory processing of repeated sounds were affected by prior single-trial multisensory contexts. These effects followed from significantly reduced activity within a distributed network, including the right superior temporal cortex, suggesting an inverse relationship between brain activity and behavioural outcome on this task. The present findings demonstrate how auditory cortices contribute to long-term effects of multisensory experiences on auditory object discrimination. We propose a new framework for the efficacy of multisensory processes to impact both current multisensory stimulus processing and unisensory discrimination abilities later in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel J Matusz
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology (The LINE), Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Department of Radiology, Vaudois University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Attention, Behaviour, and Cognitive Development Group, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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Buetler KA, de León Rodríguez D, Laganaro M, Müri R, Nyffeler T, Spierer L, Annoni JM. Balanced bilinguals favor lexical processing in their opaque language and conversion system in their shallow language. Brain Lang 2015; 150:166-76. [PMID: 26545236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Referred to as orthographic depth, the degree of consistency of grapheme/phoneme correspondences varies across languages from high in shallow orthographies to low in deep orthographies. The present study investigates the impact of orthographic depth on reading route by analyzing evoked potentials to words in a deep (French) and shallow (German) language presented to highly proficient bilinguals. ERP analyses to German and French words revealed significant topographic modulations 240-280 ms post-stimulus onset, indicative of distinct brain networks engaged in reading over this time window. Source estimations revealed that these effects stemmed from modulations of left insular, inferior frontal and dorsolateral regions (German>French) previously associated to phonological processing. Our results show that reading in a shallow language was associated to a stronger engagement of phonological pathways than reading in a deep language. Thus, the lexical pathways favored in word reading are reinforced by phonological networks more strongly in the shallow than deep orthography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin A Buetler
- Laboratory for Cognitive and Neurological Sciences, Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Diego de León Rodríguez
- Laboratory for Cognitive and Neurological Sciences, Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marina Laganaro
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - René Müri
- Division of Cognitive and Restorative Neurology, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Nyffeler
- Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Spierer
- Laboratory for Cognitive and Neurological Sciences, Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marie Annoni
- Laboratory for Cognitive and Neurological Sciences, Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Chouiter L, Tzovara A, Dieguez S, Annoni JM, Magezi D, De Lucia M, Spierer L. Experience-based Auditory Predictions Modulate Brain Activity to Silence as do Real Sounds. J Cogn Neurosci 2015; 27:1968-80. [PMID: 26042500 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between stimuli's acoustic features and experience-based internal models of the environment enable listeners to compensate for the disruptions in auditory streams that are regularly encountered in noisy environments. However, whether auditory gaps are filled in predictively or restored a posteriori remains unclear. The current lack of positive statistical evidence that internal models can actually shape brain activity as would real sounds precludes accepting predictive accounts of filling-in phenomenon. We investigated the neurophysiological effects of internal models by testing whether single-trial electrophysiological responses to omitted sounds in a rule-based sequence of tones with varying pitch could be decoded from the responses to real sounds and by analyzing the ERPs to the omissions with data-driven electrical neuroimaging methods. The decoding of the brain responses to different expected, but omitted, tones in both passive and active listening conditions was above chance based on the responses to the real sound in active listening conditions. Topographic ERP analyses and electrical source estimations revealed that, in the absence of any stimulation, experience-based internal models elicit an electrophysiological activity different from noise and that the temporal dynamics of this activity depend on attention. We further found that the expected change in pitch direction of omitted tones modulated the activity of left posterior temporal areas 140-200 msec after the onset of omissions. Collectively, our results indicate that, even in the absence of any stimulation, internal models modulate brain activity as do real sounds, indicating that auditory filling in can be accounted for by predictive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Athina Tzovara
- University of Lausanne.,University Hospital of Lausanne.,University of Zürich
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Yamada E, Ogata K, Kishimoto J, Tanaka M, Urakawa T, Yamasaki T, Tobimatsu S. Neural substrates of species-dependent visual processing of faces: use of morphed faces. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/5/e12387. [PMID: 25975645 PMCID: PMC4463821 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Face identification and categorization are essential for social communication. The N170 event-related potential (ERP) is considered to be a biomarker of face perception. To elucidate the neural basis of species-dependent face processing, we recorded 128-ch high-density ERPs in 14 healthy adults while they viewed the images of morphed faces. The morphed stimuli contained different proportions of human and monkey faces, and the species boundary was shifted away from the center of the morph continuum. Three experiments were performed to determine how task requirement, facial orientation, and spatial frequency (SF) of visual stimuli affected ERPs. In an equal SF condition, the latency, and amplitude of the occipital P100 for upright faces were modulated in a monotonic-like fashion by the level of morphing. In contrast, the N170 latency for upright faces was modulated in a step-like fashion, showing a flexion point that may reflect species discrimination. Although N170 amplitudes for upright faces were not modulated by morph level, they were modulated in a monotonic-like fashion by inverted faces. The late positive (LP) component (350–550 msec) in the parietal region was modulated in a U-shaped function by morph level during a categorization task, but not in a simple reaction task. These results suggest that P100 reflects changes in the physical properties of faces and that N170 is involved in own-species selectivity. The LP component seems to represent species categorization that occurs 350 msec after stimulus onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Yamada
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuya Ogata
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junji Kishimoto
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Kyushu University Hospital, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mutsuhide Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Urakawa
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takao Yamasaki
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shozo Tobimatsu
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Toepel U, Murray MM. Human gustation: when the brain has taste. Curr Biol 2015; 25:R381-3. [PMID: 25942555 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
What we put into our mouths can nourish or kill us. A new study uses state-of-the-art electroencephalogram decoding to detail how we and our brains know what we taste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Toepel
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology (The LINE), Department of Radiology & The Electroencephalography Brain Mapping Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Micah M Murray
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology (The LINE), Department of Radiology & The Electroencephalography Brain Mapping Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
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Bernasconi F, Kometer M, Pokorny T, Seifritz E, Vollenweider FX. The electrophysiological effects of the serotonin 1A receptor agonist buspirone in emotional face processing. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:474-82. [PMID: 25637265 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Emotional face processing is critically modulated by the serotonergic system, and serotonin (5-HT) receptor agonists impair emotional face processing. However, the specific contribution of the 5-HT1A receptor remains poorly understood. Here we investigated the spatiotemporal brain mechanisms underpinning the modulation of emotional face processing induced by buspirone, a partial 5-HT1A receptor agonist. In a psychophysical discrimination of emotional faces task, we observed that the discrimination fearful versus neutral faces were reduced, but not happy versus neutral faces. Electrical neuroimaging analyses were applied to visual evoked potentials elicited by emotional face images, after placebo and buspirone administration. Buspirone modulated response strength (i.e., global field power) in the interval 230-248ms after stimulus onset. Distributed source estimation over this time interval revealed that buspirone decreased the neural activity in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex that was evoked by fearful faces. These results indicate temporal and valence-specific effects of buspirone on the neuronal correlates of emotional face processing. Furthermore, the reduced neural activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in response to fearful faces suggests a reduced attention to fearful faces. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the role of 5-HT1A receptors in emotional face processing and have implications for affective disorders that are characterized by an increased attention to negative stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fosco Bernasconi
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging Unit, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Neuroprosthethics, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Kometer
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging Unit, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pokorny
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging Unit, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franz X Vollenweider
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging Unit, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
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Tzovara A, Simonin A, Oddo M, Rossetti AO, De Lucia M. Neural detection of complex sound sequences in the absence of consciousness. Brain 2015; 138:1160-6. [PMID: 25740220 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awv041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural response to a violation of sequences of identical sounds is a typical example of the brain's sensitivity to auditory regularities. Previous literature interprets this effect as a pre-attentive and unconscious processing of sensory stimuli. By contrast, a violation to auditory global regularities, i.e. based on repeating groups of sounds, is typically detectable when subjects can consciously perceive them. Here, we challenge the notion that global detection implies consciousness by testing the neural response to global violations in a group of 24 patients with post-anoxic coma (three females, age range 45-87 years), treated with mild therapeutic hypothermia and sedation. By applying a decoding analysis to electroencephalographic responses to standard versus deviant sound sequences, we found above-chance decoding performance in 10 of 24 patients (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, P < 0.001), despite five of them being mildly hypothermic, sedated and unarousable. Furthermore, consistently with previous findings based on the mismatch negativity the progression of this decoding performance was informative of patients' chances of awakening (78% predictive of awakening). Our results show for the first time that detection of global regularities at neural level exists despite a deeply unconscious state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Tzovara
- 1 Centre for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Department of Radiology, Lausanne, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland 2 Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University and University Hospital, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Simonin
- 3 Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Oddo
- 4 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, CH-1011, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - Andrea O Rossetti
- 3 Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
| | - Marzia De Lucia
- 1 Centre for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Department of Radiology, Lausanne, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland 2 Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University and University Hospital, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
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De Lucia M, Tzovara A. Decoding auditory EEG responses in healthy and clinical populations: A comparative study. J Neurosci Methods 2014; 250:106-13. [PMID: 25445243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Analyses of brain responses to external stimuli are typically based on the means computed across conditions. However in many cognitive and clinical applications, taking into account their variability across trials has turned out to be statistically more sensitive than comparing their means. NEW METHOD In this study we present a novel implementation of a single-trial topographic analysis (STTA) for discriminating auditory evoked potentials at predefined time-windows. This analysis has been previously introduced for extracting spatio-temporal features at the level of the whole neural response. Adapting the STTA on specific time windows is an essential step for comparing its performance to other time-window based algorithms. RESULTS We analyzed responses to standard vs. deviant sounds and showed that the new implementation of the STTA gives above-chance decoding results in all subjects (in comparison to 7 out of 11 with the original method). In comatose patients, the improvement of the decoding performance was even more pronounced than in healthy controls and doubled the number of significant results. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) We compared the results obtained with the new STTA to those based on a logistic regression in healthy controls and patients. We showed that the first of these two comparisons provided a better performance of the logistic regression; however only the new STTA provided significant results in comatose patients at group level. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide quantitative evidence that a systematic investigation of the accuracy of established methods in normal and clinical population is an essential step for optimizing decoding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia De Lucia
- Laboratoire de recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University and University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Radiology Department, Vaudois University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland; Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva, 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Athina Tzovara
- Laboratoire de recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University and University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Radiology Department, Vaudois University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland; Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva, 1011, Switzerland
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48
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Marinović V, Hoehl S, Pauen S. Neural correlates of human–animal distinction: An ERP-study on early categorical differentiation with 4- and 7-month-old infants and adults. Neuropsychologia 2014; 60:60-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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49
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Li Y, Liu XP, Ling XH, Li JQ, Yang WW, Zhang DK, Li LH, Yang Y. Mapping brain injury with symmetrical-channels' EEG signal analysis--a pilot study. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5023. [PMID: 24846704 PMCID: PMC4028679 DOI: 10.1038/srep05023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A technique for detecting brain injury at the bedside has great clinical value, but conventional imaging techniques (such as computed tomography [CT] and magnetic resonance imaging) are impractical. In this study, a novel method–the symmetrical channel electroencephalogram (EEG) signal analysis–was developed for this purpose. The study population consisted of 45 traumatic brain injury patients and 10 healthy controls. EEG signals in resting and stimulus states were acquired, and approximate entropy (ApEn) and slow-wave coefficient were extracted to calculate the ratio values of ApEn and SWC for injured and uninjured areas. Statistical analyses showed that the ratio values for both ApEn and SWC between injured and uninjured brain areas differed significantly (P < 0.05) for both resting and name call stimulus states. A set of criteria (range of ratio values) to determine whether a brain area is injured or uninjured was proposed and its reliability was verified by statistical analyses and CT images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- 1] College of Life Information Science & Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018, China [2]
| | - Xiao-ping Liu
- 1] College of Life Information Science & Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018, China [2]
| | - Xian-hong Ling
- College of Life Information Science & Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Jing-qi Li
- Wu jing Hospital, Rehabilitation Center, Hangzhou Zhejiang 31400, China
| | - Wen-wei Yang
- College of Life Information Science & Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Dan-ke Zhang
- College of Life Information Science & Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Li-hua Li
- College of Life Information Science & Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yong Yang
- College of Life Information Science & Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018, China
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50
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Abstract
We investigated whether the differences in perceptual awareness for stimuli at the threshold of awareness can arise from different global brain states before stimulus onset indexed by the EEG microstate. We used a metacontrast backward masking paradigm in which subjects had to discriminate between two weak stimuli and obtained measures of accuracy and awareness while their EEG was recorded from 256 channels. Comparing targets that were correctly identified with and without awareness allowed us to contrast differences in awareness while keeping performance constant for identical physical stimuli. Two distinct pre-stimulus scalp potential fields (microstate maps) dissociated correct identification with and without awareness, and their estimated intracranial generators were stronger in primary visual cortex before correct identification without awareness. This difference in activity cannot be explained by differences in alpha power or phase which were less reliably linked with differential pre-stimulus activation of primary visual cortex. Our results shed a new light on the function of pre-stimulus activity in early visual cortex in visual awareness and emphasize the importance of trial-by-trials analysis of the spatial configuration of the scalp potential field identified with multichannel EEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Britz
- Department of Fundamental Neuroscience, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland ; EEG Brain Mapping Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laura Díaz Hernàndez
- Department of Fundamental Neuroscience, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland ; Department of Psychiatric Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Psychiatry Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tony Ro
- Department of Psychology, The City College and Graduate Center, City University of New York New York, NY, USA
| | - Christoph M Michel
- Department of Fundamental Neuroscience, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
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