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Gehlot P, Brünnert D, Kaushik V, Yadav A, Bage S, Gaur K, Saini M, Ehrhardt J, Manjunath GK, Kumar A, Kasliwal N, Sharma AK, Zygmunt M, Goyal P. Unconventional localization of PAI-1 in PML bodies: A possible link with cellular growth of endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 39:101793. [PMID: 39161580 PMCID: PMC11332193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1/Serpin E1) is classically known for its antifibrinolytic activity via inhibiting uPA and tPA of the fibrinolytic pathway. PAI-1 has a paradoxical role in tumor progression, and its molecular functions are poorly understood. PAI-1 is a widely accepted secretory protease inhibitor, however, a study suggested the localization of PAI-1 in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Besides the plethora of its biological functions as a secretory protein, intracellular localization, and functions of PAI-1 remain unexplored at the molecular level. In this study, using various in silico approaches, we showed that PAI-1 possesses a nuclear export signal. Using the CRM1-specific inhibitor leptomycin B, we demonstrated that PAI-1 has a functional CRM1-dependent NES, indicating the possibility of its nuclear localization. Further, we confirm that PAI-1 is localized in the nucleus of endothelial cells using fluorescence microscopy and immunoprecipitation. Notably, we identified an unconventional distribution of PAI-1 in the PML bodies of the nucleus of normal endothelial cells, while the protein was restricted in the cytoplasm of slow-growing cells. The data showed that the localization of PAI-1 in PML bodies is highly correlated with the growth potential of endothelial cells. This conditional nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of PAI-1 during the aging of cells could impart a strong link to its age-related functions and tumor progression. Together, this study identifies the novel behavior of PAI-1 that might be linked with cell aging and may be able to unveil the elusive role of PAI-1 in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Gehlot
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, 305 817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Daniela Brünnert
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Josef-Schneider-Str. 4, D-97080, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruchstrasse, D-17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Vibha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, 305 817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Arpana Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, 305 817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Saloni Bage
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, 305 817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kritika Gaur
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, 305 817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mahesh Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, 305 817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jens Ehrhardt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruchstrasse, D-17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gowrang Kasaba Manjunath
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, Karnataka, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, Karnataka, India
| | - Neena Kasliwal
- Department of Pathology, J.L.N. Medical College, Ajmer, 305001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, J.L.N. Medical College, Ajmer, 305001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Marek Zygmunt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruchstrasse, D-17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pankaj Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, 305 817, Rajasthan, India
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Ibrahim AA, Fujimura T, Uno T, Terada T, Hirano KI, Hosokawa H, Ohta A, Miyata T, Ando K, Yahata T. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 promotes immune evasion in tumors by facilitating the expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1365894. [PMID: 38779680 PMCID: PMC11109370 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1365894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Increased levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in tumors have been found to correlate with poor clinical outcomes in patients with cancer. Although abundant data support the involvement of PAI-1 in cancer progression, whether PAI-1 contributes to tumor immune surveillance remains unclear. The purposes of this study are to determine whether PAI-1 regulates the expression of immune checkpoint molecules to suppresses the immune response to cancer and demonstrate the potential of PAI-1 inhibition for cancer therapy. Methods The effects of PAI-1 on the expression of the immune checkpoint molecule programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) were investigated in several human and murine tumor cell lines. In addition, we generated tumor-bearing mice and evaluated the effects of a PAI-1 inhibitor on tumor progression or on the tumor infiltration of cells involved in tumor immunity either alone or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Results PAI-1 induces PD-L1 expression through the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in several types of tumor cells and surrounding cells. Blockade of PAI-1 impedes PD-L1 induction in tumor cells, significantly reducing the abundance of immunosuppressive cells at the tumor site and increasing cytotoxic T-cell infiltration, ultimately leading to tumor regression. The anti-tumor effect elicited by the PAI-1 inhibitor is abolished in immunodeficient mice, suggesting that PAI-1 blockade induces tumor regression by stimulating the immune system. Moreover, combining a PAI-1 inhibitor with an immune checkpoint inhibitor significantly increases tumor regression. Conclusions PAI-1 protects tumors from immune surveillance by increasing PD-L1 expression; hence, therapeutic PAI-1 blockade may prove valuable in treating malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd Aziz Ibrahim
- Translational Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taku Fujimura
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoko Uno
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoya Terada
- Translational Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Hirano
- Department of Immunology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hosokawa
- Department of Immunology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akio Ohta
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshio Miyata
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapy, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ando
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Yahata
- Translational Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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Lv J, Yu C, Tian H, Li T, Yu C. Expression of Serpin Family E Member 1 (SERPINE1) Is Associated with Poor Prognosis of Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3346. [PMID: 38137567 PMCID: PMC10741528 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aberrant expression of serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1) is associated with carcinogenesis. This study assessed the alteration of SERPINE1 expression for an association with gastric adenocarcinoma prognosis. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was applied to investigate the impact of SERPINE1 expression on the survival of patients afflicted with gastric cancer. Subsequently, 136 samples from the Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were subjected to qRT-PCR and Western blot to validate the expression level of SERPINE1 between tumor and adjacent normal tissues. The correlation between the expression of SERPINE1 with the clinicopathological features in TCGA patients was analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank and logistic regression tests. The potential molecular mechanism associated with SERPINE1 expression in gastric cancer were confirmed using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). RESULTS The TCGA data showed that SERPINE1 was overexpressed in tumor tissues compared to normal mucosae and associated with the tumor T stage and pathological grade. SERPINE1 overexpression was associated with the poor overall survival (OS) of patients. The findings were confirmed with 136 patients, that is, SERPINE1 expression was associated with poor OS (hazard ratio (HR): 1.82; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.84-1.83; p = 0.012)) as an independent predictor (HR: 2.11, 95% CI: 0.81-2.34; p = 0.009). The resulting data were further processed by GSEA showed that SERPINE1 overexpression was associated with the activation of EPITHELIAL_MESENCHYMAL_TRANSITION, TNFA_SIGNALING_VIA_NFKB, INFLAMMATORY_RESPONSE, ANGIOGENESIS, and HYPOXIA. CONCLUSIONS SERPINE1 overexpression is associated with a poor gastric cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lv
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huanghe West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai’an 223300, China; (J.L.); (H.T.); (T.L.)
| | - Chunyang Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China;
| | - Hanhan Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huanghe West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai’an 223300, China; (J.L.); (H.T.); (T.L.)
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huanghe West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai’an 223300, China; (J.L.); (H.T.); (T.L.)
| | - Changhua Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huanghe West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai’an 223300, China; (J.L.); (H.T.); (T.L.)
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He W, Gu L, Yang J, Zhang R, Long J, Peng W, Liang B, Zhu L, Lv M, Nan A, Su L. Exosomal circCNOT6L Regulates Astrocyte Apoptotic Signals Induced by Hypoxia Exposure Through miR99a-5p/SERPINE1 and Alleviates Ischemic Stroke Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:7118-7135. [PMID: 37531026 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03518-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs are involved in intervention strategies for treating ischemic stroke (IS). However, circCNOT6L (hsa_circ_0006168) has not yet been reported in IS. Thus, we aimed to explore the potential role of circCNOT6L and its molecular mechanism in IS. In this study, we first found that the expression of both exosomal circCNOT6L (P = 0.0006) and plasma circCNOT6L (P = 0.0054) was down-regulated in IS patients compared with controls. Clinically, a negative correlation was observed between the relative expression level of circCNOT6L and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and infarct volume of the brain. Simultaneously, the relative expression level of circCNOT6L was negatively associated with multiple risk factors for IS, such as mean platelet volume (MPV), red cell distribution width (RDW), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and serum potassium, whereas it was positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In vitro, circCNOT6L silencing blocked cell viability and proliferation, while it promoted cell apoptosis of astrocytes undergoing oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) treatment. Mechanistically, the RNA antisense purification (RAP) assay and luciferase reporter assay revealed that circCNOT6L acts as a miRNA sponge to absorb miR-99a-5p and then regulates the expression of serine proteinase inhibitor (SERPINE1). In the further rescue experiment, overexpressing SERPINE1 could rescue the cell apoptotic signals due to circCNOT6L depletion. In conclusion, CircCNOT6L attenuated the cell apoptotic signal of astrocytes via the miR99a-5p/SERPINE1 axis and then alleviated injury after hypoxia induced by ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting He
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Lian Gu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jialei Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Ruirui Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianxiong Long
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenyi Peng
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Baoyun Liang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lulu Zhu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Miao Lv
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Aruo Nan
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Li Su
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Chen Z, Will R, Kim SN, Busch MA, Dünker N, Dammann P, Sure U, Zhu Y. Novel Function of Cancer Stem Cell Marker ALDH1A3 in Glioblastoma: Pro-Angiogenesis through Paracrine PAI-1 and IL-8. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4422. [PMID: 37686698 PMCID: PMC10487054 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyper-angiogenesis is a typical feature of glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive brain tumor. We have reported the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3) in proliferating vasculature in GBM patients. We hypothesized that ALDH1A3 may act as an angiogenesis promoter in GBM. Two GBM cell lines were lentivirally transduced with either ALDH1A3 (ox) or an empty vector (ev). The angiogenesis phenotype was studied in indirect and direct co-culture of endothelial cells (ECs) with oxGBM cells (oxGBMs) and in an angiogenesis model in vivo. Angiogenesis array was performed in oxGBMs. RT2-PCR, Western blot, and double-immunofluorescence staining were performed to confirm the expression of targets identified from the array. A significantly activated angiogenesis phenotype was observed in ECs indirectly and directly co-cultured with oxGBMs and in vivo. Overexpression of ALDH1A3 (oxALDH1A3) led to a marked upregulation of PAI-1 and IL-8 mRNA and protein and a consequential increased release of both proteins. Moreover, oxALDH1A3-induced angiogenesis was abolished by the treatment of the specific inhibitors, respectively, of PAI-1 and IL-8 receptors, CXCR1/2. This study defined ALDH1A3 as a novel angiogenesis promoter. oxALDH1A3 in GBM cells stimulated EC angiogenesis via paracrine upregulation of PAI-1 and IL-8, suggesting ALDH1A3-PAI-1/IL-8 as a novel signaling for future anti-angiogenesis therapy in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Rainer Will
- Core Facility Cellular Tools, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Su Na Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Maike Anna Busch
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Nicole Dünker
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Philipp Dammann
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sure
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
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Tong H, Li K, Zhou M, Wu R, Yang H, Peng Z, Zhao Q, Luo KQ. Coculture of cancer cells with platelets increases their survival and metastasis by activating the TGFβ/Smad/PAI-1 and PI3K/AKT pathways. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:4259-4277. [PMID: 37705745 PMCID: PMC10496510 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
When cancer cells enter the bloodstream, they can interact with platelets to acquire stronger survival and metastatic abilities. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we cocultured metastatic melanoma and triple-negative breast cancer cells with species-homologous platelets. We found that cocultured cancer cells displayed higher viabilities in circulation, stronger capacities for cell migration, invasion, and colony formation in vitro, and more tumorigenesis and metastasis in mice. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the level of serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1) was significantly upregulated in cocultured cancer cells. Knockdown of SERPINE1 reversed the coculture-elevated survival and metastatic phenotypes of cancer cells. Mechanistic studies indicated that coculture with platelets activated the TGFβ/Smad pathway to induce SERPINE1 expression in cancer cells, which encodes plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1). PAI-1 then activated PI3K to increase the phosphorylation of AKTThr308 and Bad to elevate Bcl-2, which enhanced cell survival in circulation. Moreover, higher levels of PAI-1 were detected in metastatic tumors from melanoma and triple-negative breast cancer patients than in normal tissues, and high levels of PAI-1 were associated with a shorter overall survival time and worse disease progression in breast cancer. PAI-1 may act as a potential biomarker for detecting and treating metastatic tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Tong
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Koukou Li
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Muya Zhou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Renfei Wu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zheng Peng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau
| | - Kathy Qian Luo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau
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Li M, Zhao Z, Mak TK, Wang X, Chen J, Ren H, Yu Z, Zhang C. Neutrophil extracellular traps-related signature predicts the prognosis and immune infiltration in gastric cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1174764. [PMID: 37636564 PMCID: PMC10447905 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1174764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most prevalent cancer globally, with the third highest case fatality rate. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a reticulated structure of DNA, histones, and antimicrobial peptides produced by active neutrophils that trap pathogens. Even though NETs are associated with poorer recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS), the specifics of this interaction between NETs and cancer cells are yet unknown. Methods The keywords "neutrophil extracellular traps and gastric cancer" were used in the GEO database for retrieval, and the GSE188741 dataset was selected to obtain the NETs-related gene. 27 NETs-related genes were screened by univariate Cox regression analysis (p < 0.05). 27 NETs-related genes were employed to identify and categorize NETs-subgroups of GC patients under the Consensus clustering analysis. 808 GC patients in TCGA-STAD combined with GES84437 were randomly divided into a training group (n = 403) and a test group (n = 403) at a ratio of 1:1 to validate the NETs-related signature. Results Based on Multivariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analysis to develop a NETs-related prognosis model. We developed a very specific nomogram to improve the NETs-clinical score's usefulness. Similarly, we also performed a great result in pan-cancer study with NETs-score. Low NETs scores were linked to higher MSI-H (microsatellite instability-high), mutation load, and immune activity. The cancer stem cell (CSC) index and chemotherapeutic treatment sensitivity were also connected to the NET score. Our comprehensive analysis of NETs in GC suggests that NETs have a role in the tumor microenvironment, clinicopathological features, and prognosis. Discussion The NETs-score risk model provides a basis for better prognosis and therapy outcomes in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Li
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zidan Zhao
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tsz Kin Mak
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoqun Wang
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingyao Chen
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiwei Yu
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Changhua Zhang
- Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Li Y, Shi Y, Zhang X, Li P, Ma L, Hu P, Xu L, Dai Y, Xia S, Qiu H. FGFR2 upregulates PAI-1 via JAK2/STAT3 signaling to induce M2 polarization of macrophages in colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166665. [PMID: 36781088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) is frequently activated by overexpression or mutation, and an abnormal fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/FGFR signaling pathway is associated with the occurrence, development, and poor prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Our preliminary analysis found that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression may be related to FGF/FGFR signaling, however, their role in the tumor immune microenvironment remains unclear. In this study, we observed markedly higher PAI-1 expression in CRC patients with poor survival rates. PAI-1 is regulated by FGF/FGFR2 in colon cancer cells and is involved in M2 macrophage polarization. Mechanistically, inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway could cause PAI-1 downregulation. Furthermore, the activation of phosphorylated STAT3 upregulated PAI-1. In vivo, FGFR2 overexpression in tumor-bearing mouse models suggested that a PAI-1 inhibitor could rescue FGFR2/PAI-1 axis-induced M2 macrophage polarization, which leads to effective immune activity and tumor suppression. Moreover, the combination of a PAI-1 inhibitor and anti-PD-1 therapy exhibited superior antitumor activity in mice. These findings offer novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor deterioration and provide potential therapeutic targets for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yongkang Shi
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery/Cancer Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuyuan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Piao Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Pengbo Hu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yuhong Dai
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Shu Xia
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
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9
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Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 is not a major causative factor for exacerbation in a mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3103. [PMID: 36813909 PMCID: PMC9944779 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30305-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a global pandemic. Although several vaccines targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins protect against COVID-19 infection, mutations affecting virus transmissibility and immune evasion potential have reduced their efficacy, leading to the need for a more efficient strategy. Available clinical evidence regarding COVID-19 suggests that endothelial dysfunction with thrombosis is a central pathogenesis of progression to systemic disease, in which overexpression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) may be important. Here we developed a novel peptide vaccine against PAI-1 and evaluated its effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis and SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice. Administration of LPS and mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 increased serum PAI-1 levels, although the latter showed smaller levels. In an LPS-induced sepsis model, mice immunized with PAI-1 vaccine showed reduced organ damage and microvascular thrombosis and improved survival compared with vehicle-treated mice. In plasma clot lysis assays, vaccination-induced serum IgG antibodies were fibrinolytic. However, in a SARS-CoV-2 infection model, survival and symptom severity (i.e., body weight reduction) did not differ between vaccine- and vehicle-treated groups. These results indicate that although PAI-1 may promote the severity of sepsis by increasing thrombus formation, it might not be a major contributor to COVID-19 exacerbation.
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10
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Wang S, Gao H, Wang X, Ma X, Zhang L, Xing Y, Jia Y, Wang Y. Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Analyses Identify Intersection Genes of Vitamin D3 and COVID-19 as Potential Therapeutic Targets. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:874637. [PMID: 35571107 PMCID: PMC9095980 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.874637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The persistent pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the discovery of gastrointestinal transmission routes and the possible susceptibility of cancer patients to COVID-19 have forced us to search for effective pathways against stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD)/COVID-19. Vitamin D3 (VD3) is a steroid hormone with antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the possible functional role and potential mechanisms of action of VD3 as an anti-COVID-19 and anti- STAD. Methods: Clinicopathological analysis, enrichment analysis and protein interaction analysis using bioinformatics and network pharmacology methods. Validate the binding activity of VD3 to core pharmacological targets and viral crystal structures using molecular docking. Results: We revealed the clinical characteristics of STAD/COVID-19 patients. We also demonstrated that VD3 may be anti- STAD/COVID-19 through antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory pathways. Molecular docking results showed that VD3 binds well to the relevant targets of COVID-19, including the spike RBD/ACE2 complex and main protease (Mpro, also known as 3CLpro). We also identified five core pharmacological targets of VD3 in anti-STAD/COVID-19 and validated the binding activity of VD3 to PAI1 by molecular docking. Conclusion: This study reveals for the first time that VD3 may act on disease target gene SERPINE1 through inflammatory and viral related signaling pathways and biological functions for the therapy of STAD/COVID-19. This may provide a new idea for the use of VD3 in the treatment of STAD/COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanglin Wang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Huayu Gao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoru Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanxin Xing
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanfei Jia
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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11
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Hendrikson J, Liu Y, Ng WH, Lee JY, Lim AH, Loh JW, Ng CC, Ong WS, Tan JWS, Tan QX, Ng G, Shannon NB, Lim WK, Lim TK, Chua C, Wong JSM, Tan GHC, So JBY, Yeoh KG, Teh BT, Chia CS, Soo KC, Kon OL, Tan IB, Chan JY, Teo MCC, Ong CAJ. Ligand-mediated PAI-1 inhibition in a mouse model of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100526. [PMID: 35243423 PMCID: PMC8861959 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) present a ubiquitous clinical conundrum in all intra-abdominal malignancies. Via functional and transcriptomic experiments of ascites-treated PC cells, we identify STAT3 as a key signaling pathway. Integrative analysis of publicly available databases and correlation with clinical cohorts (n = 7,359) reveal putative clinically significant activating ligands of STAT3 signaling. We further validate a 3-biomarker prognostic panel in ascites independent of clinical covariates in a prospective study (n = 149). Via single-cell sequencing experiments, we uncover that PAI-1, a key component of the prognostic biomarker panel, is largely secreted by fibroblasts and mesothelial cells. Molecular stratification of ascites using PAI-1 levels and STAT3 activation in ascites-treated cells highlight a therapeutic opportunity based on a phenomenon of paracrine addiction. These results are recapitulated in patient-derived ascites-dependent xenografts. Here, we demonstrate therapeutic proof of concept of direct ligand inhibition of a prognostic target within an enclosed biological space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Hendrikson
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Laboratory of Applied Human Genetics, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Laboratory of Applied Human Genetics, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Wai Har Ng
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Laboratory of Applied Human Genetics, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Jing Yi Lee
- Cancer Discovery Hub, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Abner Herbert Lim
- Cancer Discovery Hub, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Jui Wan Loh
- Cancer Discovery Hub, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Cedric C.Y. Ng
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Whee Sze Ong
- Division of Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Joey Wee-Shan Tan
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Laboratory of Applied Human Genetics, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Qiu Xuan Tan
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Laboratory of Applied Human Genetics, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Gillian Ng
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Laboratory of Applied Human Genetics, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Nicholas B. Shannon
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Laboratory of Applied Human Genetics, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Weng Khong Lim
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Biology Signature Research Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Tony K.H. Lim
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Pathology Academic Clinical Program, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore 168753, Singapore
| | - Clarinda Chua
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Jolene Si Min Wong
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Surgery Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Grace Hwei Ching Tan
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Jimmy Bok Yan So
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Khay Guan Yeoh
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Bin Tean Teh
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A∗STAR Research Entities, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Claramae Shulyn Chia
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Surgery Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Khee Chee Soo
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Oi Lian Kon
- Laboratory of Applied Human Genetics, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Iain Beehuat Tan
- Cancer and Stem Biology Signature Research Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Laboratory of Applied Cancer Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A∗STAR Research Entities, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Jason Yongsheng Chan
- Cancer Discovery Hub, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Melissa Ching Ching Teo
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Chin-Ann J. Ong
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Laboratory of Applied Human Genetics, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Surgery Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A∗STAR Research Entities, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - on behalf of the Singapore Peritoneal Oncology Study (SPOS) Group and Singapore Gastric Cancer Consortium (SGCC)
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cresent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Laboratory of Applied Human Genetics, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Cancer Discovery Hub, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Division of Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Biology Signature Research Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Pathology Academic Clinical Program, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore 168753, Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Surgery Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A∗STAR Research Entities, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Laboratory of Applied Cancer Genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A∗STAR Research Entities, Singapore 138672, Singapore
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12
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Ismail AA, Shaker BT, Bajou K. The Plasminogen-Activator Plasmin System in Physiological and Pathophysiological Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010337. [PMID: 35008762 PMCID: PMC8745544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a process associated with the migration and proliferation of endothelial cells (EC) to form new blood vessels. It is involved in various physiological and pathophysiological conditions and is controlled by a wide range of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic molecules. The plasminogen activator–plasmin system plays a major role in the extracellular matrix remodeling process necessary for angiogenesis. Urokinase/tissue-type plasminogen activators (uPA/tPA) convert plasminogen into the active enzyme plasmin, which in turn activates matrix metalloproteinases and degrades the extracellular matrix releasing growth factors and proangiogenic molecules such as the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A). The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the main inhibitor of uPA and tPA, thereby an inhibitor of pericellular proteolysis and intravascular fibrinolysis, respectively. Paradoxically, PAI-1, which is expressed by EC during angiogenesis, is elevated in several cancers and is found to promote angiogenesis by regulating plasmin-mediated proteolysis and by promoting cellular migration through vitronectin. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) also induces EC cellular migration during angiogenesis via interacting with signaling partners. Understanding the molecular functions of the plasminogen activator plasmin system and targeting angiogenesis via blocking serine proteases or their interactions with other molecules is one of the major therapeutic strategies scientists have been attracted to in controlling tumor growth and other pathological conditions characterized by neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Anwar Ismail
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.A.I.); (B.T.S.)
- Human Genetics & Stem Cells Research Group, Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Baraah Tariq Shaker
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.A.I.); (B.T.S.)
- Human Genetics & Stem Cells Research Group, Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khalid Bajou
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.A.I.); (B.T.S.)
- Human Genetics & Stem Cells Research Group, Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
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13
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Tseng YJ, Lee CH, Chen WY, Yang JL, Tzeng HT. Inhibition of PAI-1 Blocks PD-L1 Endocytosis and Improves the Response of Melanoma Cells to Immune Checkpoint Blockade. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2690-2698.e6. [PMID: 34000287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint molecules, especially PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1, act as a major mechanism of cancer immune evasion. Although anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy increases therapeutic efficacy in melanoma treatment, only a subset of patients exhibits long-term tumor remission, and the underlying mechanism of resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that cell surface retention of PD-L1 is inversely correlated with PAI-1 expression in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical specimens. Moreover, extracellular PAI-1 induced the internalization of surface-expressed PD-L1 by triggering clathrin-mediated endocytosis. The endocytosed PD-L1 was transported to lysosomes for degradation by endolysosomal systems, resulting in the reduction of surface PD-L1. Notably, inhibition of PAI-1 by pharmacological inhibitor with tiplaxtinin led to elevated PD-L1 expression on the plasma membrane, both in vitro and in vivo. Strikingly, targeting PAI-1 by tiplaxtinin treatment synergizes with anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy in a syngeneic murine model of melanoma. Our findings demonstrate a role for PAI-1 activity in immune checkpoint modulation by promoting surface PD-L1 for lysosomal degradation and provides an insight into the combination of PAI-1 inhibition and anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy as a promising therapeutic regimen for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ju Tseng
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Chen
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Lin Yang
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Tai Tzeng
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
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14
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Teng F, Zhang J, Chen Y, Shen X, Su C, Guo Y, Wang P, Shi C, Lei M, Cao Y, Liu S. LncRNA NKX2-1-AS1 promotes tumor progression and angiogenesis via upregulation of SERPINE1 expression and activation of the VEGFR-2 signaling pathway in gastric cancer. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:1234-1255. [PMID: 33512745 PMCID: PMC8024734 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can compete with endogenous RNAs to modulate the gene expression and contribute to oncogenesis and tumor metastasis. lncRNA NKX2-1-AS1 (NKX2-1 antisense RNA 1) plays a pivotal role in cancer progression and metastasis; however, the contribution of aberrant expression of NKX2-1-AS1 and the mechanism by which it functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in gastric cancer (GC) remains elusive. NKX2-1-AS1 expression was detected in paired tumor and nontumor tissues of 178 GC patients by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Using loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments, the biological functions of NKX2-1-AS1 were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Further, to assess that NKX2-1-AS1 regulates angiogenic processes, tube formation and co-culture assays were performed. RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay, a dual-luciferase reporter assay, quantitative PCR, Western blot, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays were performed to determine the potential molecular mechanism underlying this ceRNA. The results indicated that NKX2-1-AS1 expression was upregulated in GC cell lines and tumor tissues. Overexpression of NKX2-1-AS1 was significantly associated with tumor progression and enhanced angiogenesis. Functionally, NKX2-1-AS1 overexpression promoted GC cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis, while NKX2-1-AS1 knockdown restored these effects, both in vitro and in vivo. RIP and dual-luciferase assays revealed that the microRNA miR-145-5p is a direct target of NKX2-1-AS1 and that NKX2-1-AS1 serves as a ceRNA to sponge miRNA and regulate angiogenesis in GC. Moreover, serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1) is an explicit target for miR-145-5p; besides, the NKX2-1-AS1/miR-145-5p axis induces the translation of SERPINE1, thus activating the VEGFR-2 signaling pathway to promote tumor progression and angiogenesis. NKX2-1-AS1 overexpression is associated with enhanced tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and poor prognosis in GC. Collectively, NKX2-1-AS1 functions as a ceRNA to miR-145-5p and promotes tumor progression and angiogenesis by activating the VEGFR-2 signaling pathway via SERPINE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Teng
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Fudan‐Minhang Academic Health SystemMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ju‐Xiang Zhang
- Shanghai Med‐X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and TechnologySchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Fudan‐Minhang Academic Health SystemMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao‐Dong Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Fudan‐Minhang Academic Health SystemMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Fudan‐Minhang Academic Health SystemMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yan‐Jiao Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Fudan‐Minhang Academic Health SystemMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Pu‐Hua Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Fudan‐Minhang Academic Health SystemMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chen‐cheng Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Fudan‐Minhang Academic Health SystemMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Fudan‐Minhang Academic Health SystemMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yi‐Ou Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Fudan‐Minhang Academic Health SystemMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shao‐Qun Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Fudan‐Minhang Academic Health SystemMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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15
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Janciauskiene S, Wrenger S, Günzel S, Gründing AR, Golpon H, Welte T. Potential Roles of Acute Phase Proteins in Cancer: Why Do Cancer Cells Produce or Take Up Exogenous Acute Phase Protein Alpha1-Antitrypsin? Front Oncol 2021; 11:622076. [PMID: 33680966 PMCID: PMC7933442 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.622076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An association between acute-phase proteins (APPs) and cancer has long been established and there are numerous reports correlating altered levels and/or molecular forms of APPs with different types of cancers. Many authors have shown a positive correlation between high levels of APPs, like alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT), and unfavorable clinical outcome in cancers. Conversely, others proposed that high levels of APPs are probably just a part of nonspecific inflammatory response to cancer development. However, this might not be always true, because many cancerous cells produce or take up exogenous APPs. What is the biological significance of this and what benefit do cancer cells have from these proteins remains largely unknown. Recent data revealed that some APPs, including AAT, are able to enhance cancer cell resistance against anticancer drug-induced apoptosis and autophagy. In this review, we specifically discuss our own findings and controversies in the literature regarding the role of AAT in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Janciauskiene
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sabine Wrenger
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Steffen Günzel
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Ricarda Gründing
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiko Golpon
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Jochums A, Volk J, Perduns R, Plum M, Schertl P, Bakopoulou A, Geurtsen W. Influence of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) exposure on angiogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Dent Mater 2021; 37:534-546. [PMID: 33579530 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The angiogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) is important for tissue homeostasis and wound healing. In this study the influence of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) on angiogenic differentiation was investigated. METHODS To evaluate HEMA effects on angiogenic differentiation, DPSCs were cultivated in angiogenic differentiation medium (ADM) in the presence or absence of non-toxic HEMA concentrations (0.1 mM and 0.5 mM). Subsequently, angiogenic differentiation was analyzed on the molecular level by qRT-PCR and protein profiler analyzes of angiogenic markers and flow cytometry of PECAM1. The influence of HEMA on angiogenic phenotypes was analyzed by cell migration and sprouting assays. RESULTS Treatment with 0.5 mM HEMA during differentiation can lead to a slight reduction of angiogenic markers on mRNA level. HEMA also seems to slightly reduce the quantity of angiogenic cytokines (not significant). However, these HEMA concentrations have no detectable influence on cell migration, the abundance of PECAM1 and the formation of capillaries. Higher concentrations caused primary cytotoxic effects in angiogenic differentiation experiments conducted for longer periods than 72 h. SIGNIFICANCE Non-cytotoxic HEMA concentrations seem to have a minor impact on the expression of angiogenic markers, essentially on the mRNA level, without affecting the angiogenic differentiation process itself on a detectable level.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Jochums
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Joachim Volk
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Renke Perduns
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Melanie Plum
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Peter Schertl
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Athina Bakopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), Greece.
| | - Werner Geurtsen
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
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17
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Sharma MC, Jain D. Important role of annexin A2 (ANXA2) in new blood vessel development in vivo and human triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) growth. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 116:104523. [PMID: 32866522 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Development of new blood vessels in the tumor microenvironment is an essential component of tumor progression during which newly formed blood vessels nourish tumor cells and play a critical role in rapid tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. Nevertheless, how tumor cells develop new blood vessels in the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been enigmatic. Previously, we have shown specific overexpression of ANX A2 in TNBC cells regulates plasmin generation and suspected a role in neoangiogenesis. In this report, we used Matrigel plug model of in vivo angiogenesis and confirmed its role in new blood vessel development. Next, we tested if blocking of ANX A2 in aggressive human breast TME can inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo. We showed that aggressive human breast tumor cells growing in nude mice can induce intense neoangiogenesis in the tumor mass. Blocking of ANXA2 significantly inhibited neoangiogenesis and resulted in inhibition of tumor growth. Interestingly, we identified that blocking of ANXA2 significantly inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation (Tyr-P) of ANXA2 implying its involvement in tyrosine signaling pathway and suggesting it may regulate angiogenesis. Taken together, our experimental evidence suggests that ANX A2 could be a novel strategy for disruption of tyrosine signaling and inhibition of neoangiogenesis in breast tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh C Sharma
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC 20422, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America.
| | - Diwakar Jain
- Westchester Medical Center, NY 10595, United States of America
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18
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Iacoviello L, Bonaccio M, de Gaetano G, Donati MB. Epidemiology of breast cancer, a paradigm of the "common soil" hypothesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 72:4-10. [PMID: 32087245 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in women aged 20-50 years, with some geographical difference. The yearly incidence of the disease is increasing while the related mortality is steadily decreasing. Breast cancer is associated not only with specific hormones or factors related with reproduction, but mostly to more general environmental factors, linked to socioeconomic conditions and lifestyles (smoking, stress, physical exercise and particularly dietary habits). The latter, indeed, are risk factors or conditions common to hormone-dependent tumors and other chronic degenerative disorders, such as ischemic cardio cerebro-vascular and neuro-degenerative disease. Breast cancer can indeed be considered as a paradigm of the so-called "common soil" concept, according to which the above mentioned conditions, although having different clinical manifestations, share some pathogenetic mechanisms and risk factors and intermediate predisposing phenotypes (see Type2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome or obesity). In an epidemiological perspective, evidence has been accumulated on the common response of breast cancer and cardiovascular disorders to healthy lifestyles and in particular to the beneficial effects of a close adhesion to the Mediterranean dietary model. The latter would mainly be effective thanks to its anti-inflammatory properties, thus controlling the subclinical condition of low-grade inflammation, a common risk factor of all the "common soil" disorders. Results from the prospective cohort of the Moli-sani Study (nearly 25,000 adults from the general population of the Southern Italy region of Molise) are highly suggestive in this context. In a public health perspective, the "common soil" hypothesis may thus promote the application of preventive strategies, particularly targeting lifestyles, for a broad spectrum of widely prevalent disorders, ranging from breast cancer to myocardial infarction or cognitive impairment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli IS, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese-Como, Italy.
| | - Marialaura Bonaccio
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli IS, Italy
| | - Giovanni de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli IS, Italy
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19
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Abstract
The paradoxical pro-tumorigenic function of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1, aka Serpin E1) in cancer progression and metastasis has been the subject of an abundant scientific literature that has pointed to a pro-angiogenic role, a growth and migration stimulatory function, and an anti-apoptotic activity, all directed toward promoting tumor growth, cancer cell survival, and metastasis. With uPA, PAI-1 is among the most reliable biomarkers and prognosticators in many cancer types. More recently, a novel pro-tumorigenic function of PAI-1 in cancer-related inflammation has been demonstrated. These multifaceted activities of PAI-1 in cancer progression are explained by the complex structure of PAI-1 and its multiple functions that go beyond its anti-fibrinolytic and anti-plasminogen activation activities. However, despite the multiple evidences supporting a pro-tumorigenic role of PAI-1 in cancer, and the development of several inhibitors, targeting PAI-1, has remained elusive. In this article, the various mechanisms responsible for the pro-tumorigenic functions of PAI-1 are reviewed with emphasis on its more recently described contribution to cancer inflammation. The challenges of targeting PAI-1 in cancer therapy are then discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Helena Kubala
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Yves Albert DeClerck
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
- The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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20
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Krämer M, Markart P, Drakopanagiotakis F, Mamazhakypov A, Schaefer L, Didiasova M, Wygrecka M. Pirfenidone inhibits motility of NSCLC cells by interfering with the urokinase system. Cell Signal 2020; 65:109432. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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21
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Kubala MH, Punj V, Placencio-Hickok VR, Fang H, Fernandez GE, Sposto R, DeClerck YA. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Promotes the Recruitment and Polarization of Macrophages in Cancer. Cell Rep 2019; 25:2177-2191.e7. [PMID: 30463014 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has a pro-tumorigenic function via its pro-angiogenic and anti-apoptotic activities. Here, we demonstrate that PAI-1 promotes the recruitment and M2 polarization of monocytes/macrophages through different structural domains. Its LRP1 interacting domain regulated macrophage migration, while its C-terminal uPA interacting domain promoted M2 macrophage polarization through activation of p38MAPK and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and induction of an autocrine interleukin (IL)-6/STAT3 activation pathway. We then show in several experiments in mice that expression of PAI-1 is associated with increased tumorigenicity, increased presence of M2 macrophages, higher levels of IL-6, and increased STAT3 phosphorylation in macrophages. Strong positive correlations between PAI-1, IL-6, and CD163 (M2 marker) expression were also found by meta-analysis of transcriptome data in many human cancers. Altogether, these data provide evidence for a mechanism explaining the paradoxical pro-tumorigenic function of PAI-1 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Helena Kubala
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Vasu Punj
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Veronica Rae Placencio-Hickok
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Hua Fang
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - G Esteban Fernandez
- The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Richard Sposto
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yves Albert DeClerck
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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22
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Hsu HY, Hwang PA. Clinical applications of fucoidan in translational medicine for adjuvant cancer therapy. Clin Transl Med 2019; 8:15. [PMID: 31041568 PMCID: PMC6491526 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-019-0234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of fucoidan, a kind of sulfated polysaccharide mainly derived from brown seaweed, includes a substantial percentage of l-fucose. Fucoidan has various biological and pharmacological activities, such as anti-cancer/anti-tumor, anti-proliferation, anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory functions, and fucoidan-related dietary supplements and nutraceuticals have recently drawn considerable attention. In this review, we aim to provide a current view of different aspects of fucoidan biological activity, with a focus on the anti-cancer regulatory effects of fucoidan on growth signaling mechanisms. First, we discuss historical aspects of fucoidan and fucoidan products, as well as the anti-cancer effects of fucoidan on various cancer cells. Second, we discuss fucoidan’s biological activities and induction of cell death in cancer cells, including multiple mechanisms and signal transduction pathways related to its anti-cancer effects. Next, we focus on fucoidan and fucoidan-derived products that have been marketed as dietary supplements or nutraceuticals for cancer, including anti-cancer effects of fucoidan when combined as an adjuvant with clinical drugs. Finally, case studies of fucoidan in complementary therapy and as an alternative medicine in animal and mouse models and human clinical trials to alleviate side effects of anti-cancer chemotherapy are discussed. Combining fucoidan with clinical therapeutic agents in the treatment of cancer patients, dissecting the related signal transduction pathways and investigating their dynamic interactions may reveal potential molecular targets in cancer prevention, therapies and key obstacles in the current development of anti-cancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Yeh Hsu
- Institute of Taiwan Fucoidan Development, 1F, No. 123-1, Sec. 4, Bade Rd., Songshan Dist., Taipei, 105, Taiwan. .,Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 155 Li-Nong Street, Shih-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Pai-An Hwang
- Institute of Taiwan Fucoidan Development, 1F, No. 123-1, Sec. 4, Bade Rd., Songshan Dist., Taipei, 105, Taiwan.,Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
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23
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Vousden KA, Lundqvist T, Popovic B, Naiman B, Carruthers AM, Newton P, Johnson DJD, Pomowski A, Wilkinson T, Dufner P, de Mendez I, Mallinder PR, Murray C, Strain M, Connor J, Murray LA, Sleeman MA, Lowe DC, Huntington JA, Vaughan TJ. Discovery and characterisation of an antibody that selectively modulates the inhibitory activity of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1605. [PMID: 30733557 PMCID: PMC6367345 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38842-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) that regulates fibrinolysis, cell adhesion and cell motility via its interactions with plasminogen activators and vitronectin. PAI-1 has been shown to play a role in a number of diverse pathologies including cardiovascular diseases, obesity and cancer and is therefore an attractive therapeutic target. However the multiple patho-physiological roles of PAI-1, and understanding the relative contributions of these in any one disease setting, make the development of therapeutically relevant molecules challenging. Here we describe the identification and characterisation of fully human antibody MEDI-579, which binds with high affinity and specificity to the active form of human PAI-1. MEDI-579 specifically inhibits serine protease interactions with PAI-1 while conserving vitronectin binding. Crystallographic analysis reveals that this specificity is achieved through direct binding of MEDI-579 Fab to the reactive centre loop (RCL) of PAI-1 and at the same exosite used by both tissue and urokinase plasminogen activators (tPA and uPA). We propose that MEDI-579 acts by directly competing with proteases for RCL binding and as such is able to modulate the interaction of PAI-1 with tPA and uPA in a way not previously described for a human PAI-1 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomas Lundqvist
- AstraZeneca AB R&D, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 50, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | - Brian Naiman
- MedImmune LLC, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel J D Johnson
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Anja Pomowski
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Clare Murray
- AstraZeneca R&D, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TF, UK
| | | | - Jane Connor
- MedImmune LLC, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | | | | | | | - James A Huntington
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
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24
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Sharma MC. Annexin A2 (ANX A2): An emerging biomarker and potential therapeutic target for aggressive cancers. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:2074-2081. [PMID: 30125343 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ANX A2 is an important member of annexin family of proteins expressed on surface of endothelial cells (ECs), macrophages, mononuclear cells and various types of cancer cells. It exhibits high affinity binding for calcium (Ca++ ) and phospholipids. ANX A2 plays an important role in many biological processes such as endocytosis, exocytosis, autophagy, cell-cell communications and biochemical activation of plasminogen. On the cell surface ANX A2 organizes the assembly of plasminogen (PLG) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for efficient conversion of PLG to plasmin, a serine protease. Proteolytic activity of plasmin is required for activation of inactive pro-metalloproteases (pro-MMPs) and latent growth factors for their biological actions. These activation steps are critical for degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and basement proteins (BM) for cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Increased expression of ANX A2 protein/gene has been correlated with invasion and metastasis in a variety of human cancers. Moreover, clinical studies have positively correlated ANX A2 protein expression with aggressive cancers and with resistance to anticancer drugs, shorter disease-free survival (DFS), and worse overall survival (OS). The mechanism(s) by which ANX A2 regulates cancer invasion and metastasis are beginning to emerge. Investigators used various technologies to target ANX A2 in preclinical model of human cancers and demonstrated exciting results. In this review article, we analyzed existing literature concurrent with our own findings and provided a critical overview of ANX A2-dependent mechanism(s) of cancer invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh C Sharma
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC
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25
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Buigues A, Ferrero H, Martínez J, Pellicer N, Pellicer A, Gómez R. Evaluation of PAI-1 in endometriosis using a homologous immunocompetent mouse model†. Biol Reprod 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Buigues
- Departamento de Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), Valencia, Spain
| | - Hortensia Ferrero
- Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), Valencia, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Nuria Pellicer
- Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Pellicer
- Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), Valencia, Spain
- Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raúl Gómez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
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26
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Tau induces blood vessel abnormalities and angiogenesis-related gene expression in P301L transgenic mice and human Alzheimer's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E1289-E1298. [PMID: 29358399 PMCID: PMC5819390 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1710329115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed pathology, with both Alzheimer's disease and vascular abnormalities, is the most common cause of clinical dementia in the elderly. While usually thought to be concurrent diseases, the fact that changes in cerebral blood flow are a prominent early and persistent alteration in Alzheimer's disease raises the possibility that vascular alterations and Alzheimer pathology are more directly linked. Here, we report that aged tau-overexpressing mice develop changes to blood vessels including abnormal, spiraling morphologies; reduced blood vessel diameters; and increased overall blood vessel density in cortex. Blood flow in these vessels was altered, with periods of obstructed flow rarely observed in normal capillaries. These changes were accompanied by cortical atrophy as well as increased expression of angiogenesis-related genes such as Vegfa, Serpine1, and Plau in CD31-positive endothelial cells. Interestingly, mice overexpressing nonmutant forms of tau in the absence of frank neurodegeneration also demonstrated similar changes. Furthermore, many of the genes we observe in mice are also altered in human RNA datasets from Alzheimer patients, particularly in brain regions classically associated with tau pathology such as the temporal lobe and limbic system regions. Together these data indicate that tau pathological changes in neurons can impact brain endothelial cell biology, altering the integrity of the brain's microvasculature.
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27
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Milenkovic J, Milojkovic M, Jevtovic Stoimenov T, Djindjic B, Miljkovic E. Mechanisms of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 action in stromal remodeling and related diseases. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2017; 161:339-347. [PMID: 29097819 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2017.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is the main physiologic inhibitor of fibrinolysis. However, it is also involved in many physiological processes such as extracellular matrix (ECM) proteolysis and remodeling, cell adhesion, motility, and apoptosis, angiogenesis, etc. The aim of the study was to summarize current knowledge and gain insights into the mechanisms of PAI-1 action in the processes of stromal remodeling and diseases with considerable matrix pathologies (atherosclerosis, tissue fibrosis, cancer metastasis, pregnancy related complications, etc). As a component of an early cellular response to injury, PAI-1 reacts with membrane surface proteins and participates in the initiation of intracellular signaling, specifically cytoskeletal reorganization and motility. Complexity of ECM homeostasis resides in varying relation of the plasminogen system components and other matrix constituents. Inflammatory mediators (transforming growth factor-β and interferon-γ) and hormones (angiotensin II) are in the close interdependent relation with PAI-1. Also, special attention is devoted to the role of increased PAI-1 concentrations due to the common 4G/5G polymorphism. Some of the novel mechanisms of ECM modification consider PAI-1 dependent stabilization of urokinase mediated cell adhesion, control of the vascular endothelial cadherin trafficking and interaction with endothelial cells proteasome, its relation to matrix metalloproteinase 2 and osteopontin, and oxidative inhibition by myeloperoxidase. Targeting and/or alteration of PAI-1 functions might bring benefit to the future therapeutic approaches in diseases where ECM undergoes substantial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Milenkovic
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine University of Nis, Serbia
| | - Maja Milojkovic
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine University of Nis, Serbia
| | | | - Boris Djindjic
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine University of Nis, Serbia
| | - Edita Miljkovic
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Clinic, Clinical Center in Nis, Serbia
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28
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Pautus S, Alami M, Adam F, Bernadat G, Lawrence DA, De Carvalho A, Ferry G, Rupin A, Hamze A, Champy P, Bonneau N, Gloanec P, Peglion JL, Brion JD, Bianchini EP, Borgel D. Characterization of the Annonaceous acetogenin, annonacinone, a natural product inhibitor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36462. [PMID: 27876785 PMCID: PMC5120274 DOI: 10.1038/srep36462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the main inhibitor of the tissue type and urokinase type plasminogen activators. High levels of PAI-1 are correlated with an increased risk of thrombotic events and several other pathologies. Despite several compounds with in vitro activity being developed, none of them are currently in clinical use. In this study, we evaluated a novel PAI-1 inhibitor, annonacinone, a natural product from the Annonaceous acetogenins group. Annonacinone was identified in a chromogenic screening assay and was more potent than tiplaxtinin. Annonacinone showed high potency ex vivo on thromboelastography and was able to potentiate the thrombolytic effect of tPA in vivo in a murine model. SDS-PAGE showed that annonacinone inhibited formation of PAI-1/tPA complex via enhancement of the substrate pathway. Mutagenesis and molecular dynamics allowed us to identify annonacinone binding site close to helix D and E and β-sheets 2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Pautus
- Université Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S1176, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Servier Research Institute, 11 rue des Moulineaux 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Mouad Alami
- Université Paris-Sud, BioCIS, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Fréderic Adam
- Université Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S1176, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Guillaume Bernadat
- Université Paris-Sud, BioCIS, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Daniel A Lawrence
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Allan De Carvalho
- Université Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S1176, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Gilles Ferry
- Servier Research Institute, 11 rue des Moulineaux 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Alain Rupin
- Servier Research Institute, 11 rue des Moulineaux 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Abdallah Hamze
- Université Paris-Sud, BioCIS, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Pierre Champy
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, UFR Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Natacha Bonneau
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, UFR Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Philippe Gloanec
- Servier Research Institute, 11 rue des Moulineaux 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Jean-Louis Peglion
- Servier Research Institute, 11 rue des Moulineaux 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Brion
- Université Paris-Sud, BioCIS, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Elsa P Bianchini
- Université Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S1176, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Delphine Borgel
- Université Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S1176, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Necker, Service d'Hématologie Biologique, 75015 Paris, France
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29
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Fortenberry YM, Brandal SM, Carpentier G, Hemani M, Pathak AP. Intracellular Expression of PAI-1 Specific Aptamers Alters Breast Cancer Cell Migration, Invasion and Angiogenesis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164288. [PMID: 27755560 PMCID: PMC5068744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is elevated in various cancers, where it has been shown to effect cell migration and invasion and angiogenesis. While, PAI-1 is a secreted protein, its intercellular levels are increased in cancer cells. Consequently, intracellular PAI-1 could contribute to cancer progression. While various small molecule inhibitors of PAI-1 are currently being investigated, none specifically target intracellular PAI-1. A class of inhibitors, termed aptamers, has been used effectively in several clinical applications. We previously generated RNA aptamers that target PAI-1 and demonstrated their ability to inhibit extracellular PAI-1. In the current study we explored the effect of these aptamers on intracellular PAI-1. We transiently transfected the PAI-1 specific aptamers into both MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and studied their effects on cell migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Aptamer expressing MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited a decrease in cell migration and invasion. Additionally, intracellular PAI-1 and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) protein levels decreased, while the PAI-1/uPA complex increased. Moreover, a significant decrease in endothelial tube formation in HUVECs transfected with the aptamers was observed. In contrast, conditioned media from aptamer transfected MDA-MB-231 cells displayed a slight pro-angiogenic effect. Collectively, our study shows that expressing functional aptamers inside breast and endothelial cells is feasible and may exhibit therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda M Fortenberry
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.,Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Stephanie M Brandal
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Gilles Carpentier
- Laboratoire CRRET, Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 61 avenue du général De Gaulle, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Malvi Hemani
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Arvind P Pathak
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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30
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Wu L, Sun J, Su X, Yu Q, Yu Q, Zhang P. A review about the development of fucoidan in antitumor activity: Progress and challenges. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 154:96-111. [PMID: 27577901 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fucoidan is composed of l-fucose, sulfate groups and one or more small proportions of d-xylose, d-mannose, d-galactose, l-rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, d-glucuronic acid and acetyl groups in different kinds of brown seaweeds. Many reports have demonstrated that fucoidan has antitumor activities on various cancers. However, until now, few reviews have discussed the antitumor activity of fucoidan and few reports have summarized detailed molecular mechanisms of its actions and antitumor challenges of fucoidan specially. In this review, the antitumor signaling pathway mechanisms related to fucoidan are elucidated as much detail as possible. Besides, the factors affecting the anticancer effects of fucoidan, the structural characteristics of fucoidan with anticancer activities and the challenges for the further development of fucoidan are also summarized and evaluated. The existing similar and different conclusions are summarized in an attempt to provide guidelines to help further research, and finally contribute to go into market as chemotherapeumtics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xitong Su
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Qiuli Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Qiuyang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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31
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Pooyan H, Ahmad E, Azadeh R. 4G/5G and A-844G Polymorphisms of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Associated with Glioblastoma in Iran--a Case-Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:6327-30. [PMID: 26434837 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.15.6327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive and malignant brain tumor. Risk factors are largely unknown however, although several biomarkers have been identified which may support development, angiogenesis and invasion of tumor cells. One of these biomarkers is PAI-1. 4G/5G and A-844G are two common polymorphisms in the gene promotor of PAI 1 that may be related to high transcription and expression of this gene. Studies have shown that the prevalence of the 4G and 844G allele is significantly higher in patients with some cancers and genetic disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS We here assessed the association of 4G/5G and A-844G polymorphisms with glioblastoma cancer risk in Iranians in a case-control study. All 71 patients with clinically confirmed and 140 volunteers with no history and symptoms of glioblastoma as control group were screened for 4G/5G and A-844G polymorphisms of PAI-1, using ARMS-PCR. Genotype and allele frequencies of case and control groups were analyzed using the DeFinetti program. RESULTS Our results showed significant associations between 4G/5G (p=0.01824) and A-844G (p=0.02012) polymorphisms of the PAI-1 gene with glioblastoma cancer risk in our Iranian population. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study supporting an association of the PAI-1 4G/5G (p=0.01824) and A-844G (p=0.02012) polymorphisms with increasing glioblastoma cancer risk in Iranian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honari Pooyan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran E-mail :
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32
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Takayama Y, Hattori N, Hamada H, Masuda T, Omori K, Akita S, Iwamoto H, Fujitaka K, Kohno N. Inhibition of PAI-1 Limits Tumor Angiogenesis Regardless of Angiogenic Stimuli in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Cancer Res 2016; 76:3285-94. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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Wu Y, Liu Y, Dong Y, Vadgama J. Diabetes-associated dysregulated cytokines and cancer. INTEGRATIVE CANCER SCIENCE AND THERAPEUTICS 2016; 3:370-378. [PMID: 29930868 PMCID: PMC6007890 DOI: 10.15761/icst.1000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological data demonstrate that patients with diabetes have an augmented risk of developing various types of cancers, accompanied by higher mortality. A number of mechanisms for this connection have been hypothesized, such as insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and increased inflammatory processes. Apart from these potential mechanisms, several diabetes-associated dysregulated cytokines might be implicated in the link between diabetes and cancer. In fact, some inflammatory cytokines, e.g. TNF-α, IL-6 and leptin, have been revealed to play important roles in both initiation and progression of tumor. Here, we depict the role of these cytokines in key events of carcinogenesis and cancer development, including their capability to induce oxidative stress, inflammation, their participation in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and metastasis. Finally, we will also highlight the existing knowledge in terms of the involvement of these cytokines in different cancer types and comment on potential significances for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wu
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Division of Endocrinology, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine & Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yunzhou Dong
- Vascular Biology Program BCH3137, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jay Vadgama
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
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34
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Increased Umbilical Cord PAI-1 Levels in Placental Insufficiency Are Associated with Fetal Hypoxia and Angiogenesis. DISEASE MARKERS 2016; 2016:7124186. [PMID: 26903689 PMCID: PMC4745644 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7124186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), a subset of pregnancies undergoes placental vascular dysregulation resulting in restricted blood flow and fetal hypoxemia. Altered transcription of hypoxic regulated plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) has been associated with pregnancy complications and angiogenic regulation. Here we assessed circulating PAI-1 as an indicator of placental insufficiency. Venous umbilical PAI-1 of hypoxemic (VpO2 20 versus 35 mmHg, p < 0.0001) placental insufficient pregnancies (resistance index 0.9 versus 0.63, p < 0.05) (n = 18) was compared to controls (n = 12). PAI-1 was increased (~10-fold, p < 0.001) and had a positive predictive ratio of 6.7. Further, PAI-1 levels correlated to blood oxygen (r = -0.68, p < 0.0001). The plasma's angiogenic potency measured in vitro was associated with umbilical cord blood PAI-1 levels (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). This association was attenuated by PAI-1 inhibiting antibody (p < 0.001). The results demonstrate PAI-1 as a potential marker of placental insufficiency and identify its close association with pathological hypoxia and angiogenesis in a subset of growth restricted pregnancies.
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35
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Sharma MC, Tuszynski GP, Blackman MR, Sharma M. Long-term efficacy and downstream mechanism of anti-annexinA2 monoclonal antibody (anti-ANX A2 mAb) in a pre-clinical model of aggressive human breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2016; 373:27-35. [PMID: 26797420 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
There is considerable direct evidence that calcium binding protein ANX A2 is a potential target for treating aggressive breast cancer. The most compelling data are based on the finding of ANX A2 overexpression in aggressive triple negative human breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines and in human breast cancer tissues. Previously, we and others reported a unique role of ANX A2 in cancer invasion, including breast cancer. Moreover, we demonstrated that anti-ANX A2 mAb-mediated immunoneutralization of ANX A2 inhibited invasive human breast cancer growth in a xenograft model. We further evaluated the long-term effects of multiple treatments with anti-ANX A2 mAb and its mechanism of inhibition on human breast tumor growth. We now demonstrate that three treatments with anti-ANX A2 mAb led to significant inhibition of breast tumor growth in immunodeficient mice, and that the anti-tumor response was demonstrable from day 94. After treatment, we followed tumor growth for 172 days and demonstrated 67% inhibition of tumor growth without detectable adverse effects. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that anti-ANX A2 mAb treatment caused significant inhibition of conversion of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in the tumor microenvironment. This led to disruption of plasmin generation that consequently inhibited activation of MMP-9 and MMP-2. These results suggest that ANX A2 plays an important role in aggressive breast tumor growth by regulating proteolytic pathways in the tumor microenvironment. ANX A2 may represent a new target for the development of therapeutics for treatment of aggressive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh C Sharma
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC 20422, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - George P Tuszynski
- Department of Neuroscience, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Marc R Blackman
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC 20422, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Meena Sharma
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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36
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Bagordakis E, Sawazaki-Calone I, Macedo CCS, Carnielli CM, de Oliveira CE, Rodrigues PC, Rangel ALCA, Dos Santos JN, Risteli J, Graner E, Salo T, Paes Leme AF, Coletta RD. Secretome profiling of oral squamous cell carcinoma-associated fibroblasts reveals organization and disassembly of extracellular matrix and collagen metabolic process signatures. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9045-57. [PMID: 26762409 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4629-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
An important role has been attributed to cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumorigenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common tumor of the oral cavity. Previous studies demonstrated that CAF-secreted molecules promote the proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells, inducing a more aggressive phenotype. In this study, we searched for differences in the secretome of CAFs and normal oral fibroblasts (NOF) using mass spectrometry-based proteomics and biological network analysis. Comparison of the secretome profiles revealed that upregulated proteins involved mainly in extracellular matrix organization and disassembly and collagen metabolism. Among the upregulated proteins were fibronectin type III domain-containing 1 (FNDC1), serpin peptidase inhibitor type 1 (SERPINE1), and stanniocalcin 2 (STC2), the upregulation of which was validated by quantitative PCR and ELISA in an independent set of CAF cell lines. The transition of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-mediating NOFs into CAFs was accompanied by significant upregulation of FNDC1, SERPINE1, and STC2, confirming the participation of these proteins in the CAF-derived secretome. Type I collagen, the main constituent of the connective tissue, was also associated with several upregulated biological processes. The immunoexpression of type I collagen N-terminal propeptide (PINP) was significantly correlated in vivo with CAFs in the tumor front and was associated with significantly shortened survival of OSCC patients. Presence of CAFs in the tumor stroma was also an independent prognostic factor for OSCC disease-free survival. These results demonstrate the value of secretome profiling for evaluating the role of CAFs in the tumor microenvironment and identify potential novel therapeutic targets such as FNDC1, SERPINE1, and STC2. Furthermore, type I collagen expression by CAFs, represented by PINP levels, may be a prognostic marker of OSCC outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabete Bagordakis
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Av. Limeira 901, CEP 13414-018, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Iris Sawazaki-Calone
- Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Dentistry School, Western Paraná State University, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Carolina Carneiro Soares Macedo
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Av. Limeira 901, CEP 13414-018, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina M Carnielli
- Brazilian Biociences National Laboratory-CNPEM, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carine Ervolino de Oliveira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Av. Limeira 901, CEP 13414-018, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila Campioni Rodrigues
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Av. Limeira 901, CEP 13414-018, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia C A Rangel
- Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Dentistry School, Western Paraná State University, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Jean Nunes Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Dental School, Federal University of Bahia-UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Juha Risteli
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Edgard Graner
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Av. Limeira 901, CEP 13414-018, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Tuula Salo
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ricardo D Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Av. Limeira 901, CEP 13414-018, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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37
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Heissig B, Dhahri D, Eiamboonsert S, Salama Y, Shimazu H, Munakata S, Hattori K. Role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived fibrinolytic factor in tissue regeneration and cancer progression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:4759-70. [PMID: 26350342 PMCID: PMC11113371 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration during wound healing or cancer growth and progression depends on the establishment of a cellular microenvironment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are part of this cellular microenvironment, where they functionally modulate cell homing, angiogenesis, and immune modulation. MSC recruitment involves detachment of these cells from their niche, and finally MSC migration into their preferred niches; the wounded area, the tumor bed, and the BM, just to name a few. During this recruitment phase, focal proteolysis disrupts the extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture, breaks cell-matrix interactions with receptors, and integrins, and causes the release of bioactive fragments from ECM molecules. MSC produce a broad array of proteases, promoting remodeling of the surrounding ECM through proteolytic mechanisms. The fibrinolytic system, with its main player plasmin, plays a crucial role in cell migration, growth factor bioavailability, and the regulation of other protease systems during inflammation, tissue regeneration, and cancer. Key components of the fibrinolytic cascade, including the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), are expressed in MSC. This review will introduce general functional properties of the fibrinolytic system, which go beyond its known function of fibrin clot dissolution (fibrinolysis). We will focus on the role of the fibrinolytic system for MSC biology, summarizing our current understanding of the role of the fibrinolytic system for MSC recruitment and the functional consequences for tissue regeneration and cancer. Aspects of MSC origin, maintenance, and the mechanisms by which these cells contribute to altered protease activity in the microenvironment under normal and pathological conditions will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Heissig
- Division of Stem Cell Dynamics, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
- Atopy (Allergy) Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Douaa Dhahri
- Division of Stem Cell Dynamics, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Salita Eiamboonsert
- Division of Stem Cell Dynamics, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yousef Salama
- Division of Stem Cell Dynamics, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimazu
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shinya Munakata
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Koichi Hattori
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Center for Genome and Regenerative Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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38
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Small Molecule Inhibitors of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Elicit Anti-Tumorigenic and Anti-Angiogenic Activity. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26207899 PMCID: PMC4514594 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown a paradoxical positive correlation between elevated levels of plasminogen activator inhibitior-1 (PAI-1) in tumors and blood of cancer patients with poor clinical outcome, suggesting that PAI-1 could be a therapeutic target. Here we tested two orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitors of PAI-1 (TM5275 and TM5441) for their efficacy in pre-clinical models of cancer. We demonstrated that these inhibitors decreased cell viability in several human cancer cell lines with an IC50 in the 9.7 to 60.3 μM range and induced intrinsic apoptosis at concentrations of 50 μM. In vivo, oral administration of TM5441 (20 mg/kg daily) to HT1080 and HCT116 xenotransplanted mice increased tumor cell apoptosis and had a significant disruptive effect on the tumor vasculature that was associated with a decrease in tumor growth and an increase in survival that, however, were not statistically significant. Pharmacokinetics studies indicated an average peak plasma concentration of 11.4 μM one hour after oral administration and undetectable levels 23 hours after administration. The effect on tumor vasculature in vivo was further examined in endothelial cells (EC) in vitro and this analysis indicated that both TM5275 and TM5441 inhibited EC branching in a 3D Matrigel assay at concentrations where they had little effect on EC apoptosis. These studies bring novel insight on the activity of PAI-1 inhibitors and provide important information for the future design of inhibitors targeting PAI-1 as therapeutic agents in cancer.
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39
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Placencio VR, DeClerck YA. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Cancer: Rationale and Insight for Future Therapeutic Testing. Cancer Res 2015; 75:2969-74. [PMID: 26180080 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite its function as an inhibitor of urokinase and tissue-type plasminogen activator (PA), PA inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has a paradoxical protumorigenic role in cancer, promoting angiogenesis and tumor cell survival. In this review, we summarize preclinical evidence in support of the protumorigenic function of PAI-1 that has led to the testing of small-molecule PAI-1 inhibitors, initially developed as antithrombotic agents, in animal models of cancer. The review discusses the challenges and the opportunities that lay ahead to the development of efficacious and nontoxic PAI-1 inhibitors as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica R Placencio
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yves A DeClerck
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
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40
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Rebalka IA, Raleigh MJ, D'Souza DM, Coleman SK, Rebalka AN, Hawke TJ. Inhibition of PAI-1 Via PAI-039 Improves Dermal Wound Closure in Diabetes. Diabetes 2015; 64:2593-602. [PMID: 25754958 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes impairs the ability to heal cutaneous wounds, leading to hospitalization, amputations, and death. Patients with diabetes experience elevated levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), regardless of their glycemic control. It has been demonstrated that PAI-1-deficient mice exhibit improved cutaneous wound healing, and that PAI-1 inhibition improves skeletal muscle repair in mice with type 1 diabetes mellitus, leading us to hypothesize that pharmacologically mediated reductions in PAI-1 using PAI-039 would normalize cutaneous wound healing in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic (STZ-diabetic) mice. To simulate the human condition of variations in wound care, wounds were aggravated or minimally handled postinjury. Following cutaneous injury, PAI-039 was orally administered twice daily for 10 days. Compared with nondiabetic mice, wounds in STZ-diabetic mice healed more slowly. Wound site aggravation exacerbated this deficit. PAI-1 inhibition had no effect on dermal collagen levels or wound bed size. PAI-039 treatment failed to improve angiogenesis in the wounds of STZ-diabetic mice and blunted angiogenesis in the wounds of nondiabetic mice. Importantly, PAI-039 treatment significantly improved epidermal cellular migration and wound re-epithelialization compared with vehicle-treated STZ-diabetic mice. These findings support the use of PAI-039 as a novel therapeutic agent to improve diabetic wound closure and demonstrate the primary mechanism of its action to be related to epidermal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena A Rebalka
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew J Raleigh
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donna M D'Souza
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samantha K Coleman
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra N Rebalka
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas J Hawke
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Szostak J, Ansari S, Madan S, Fluck J, Talikka M, Iskandar A, De Leon H, Hofmann-Apitius M, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J. Construction of biological networks from unstructured information based on a semi-automated curation workflow. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2015. [PMID: 26200752 PMCID: PMC5630939 DOI: 10.1093/database/bav057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Capture and representation of scientific knowledge in a structured format are essential to improve the understanding of biological mechanisms involved in complex diseases. Biological knowledge and knowledge about standardized terminologies are difficult to capture from literature in a usable form. A semi-automated knowledge extraction workflow is presented that was developed to allow users to extract causal and correlative relationships from scientific literature and to transcribe them into the computable and human readable Biological Expression Language (BEL). The workflow combines state-of-the-art linguistic tools for recognition of various entities and extraction of knowledge from literature sources. Unlike most other approaches, the workflow outputs the results to a curation interface for manual curation and converts them into BEL documents that can be compiled to form biological networks. We developed a new semi-automated knowledge extraction workflow that was designed to capture and organize scientific knowledge and reduce the required curation skills and effort for this task. The workflow was used to build a network that represents the cellular and molecular mechanisms implicated in atherosclerotic plaque destabilization in an apolipoprotein-E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mouse model. The network was generated using knowledge extracted from the primary literature. The resultant atherosclerotic plaque destabilization network contains 304 nodes and 743 edges supported by 33 PubMed referenced articles. A comparison between the semi-automated and conventional curation processes showed similar results, but significantly reduced curation effort for the semi-automated process. Creating structured knowledge from unstructured text is an important step for the mechanistic interpretation and reusability of knowledge. Our new semi-automated knowledge extraction workflow reduced the curation skills and effort required to capture and organize scientific knowledge. The atherosclerotic plaque destabilization network that was generated is a causal network model for vascular disease demonstrating the usefulness of the workflow for knowledge extraction and construction of mechanistically meaningful biological networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Szostak
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland and
| | - Sam Ansari
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland and
| | - Sumit Madan
- Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing, Schloss Birlinghoven, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Juliane Fluck
- Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing, Schloss Birlinghoven, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Marja Talikka
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland and
| | - Anita Iskandar
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland and
| | - Hector De Leon
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland and
| | - Martin Hofmann-Apitius
- Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing, Schloss Birlinghoven, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland and
| | - Julia Hoeng
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland and
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Almholt K, Lærum OD, Nielsen BS, Lund IK, Lund LR, Rømer J, Jögi A. Spontaneous lung and lymph node metastasis in transgenic breast cancer is independent of the urokinase receptor uPAR. Clin Exp Metastasis 2015; 32:543-54. [PMID: 26040548 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-015-9726-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) is an extracellular protease that plays a pivotal role in tumor progression. uPA activity is spatially restricted by its anchorage to high-affinity uPA receptors (uPAR) at the cell surface. High tumor tissue expression of uPA and uPAR is associated with poor prognosis in lung, breast, and colon cancer patients in clinical studies. Genetic deficiency of uPA leads to a significant reduction in metastases in the murine transgenic MMTV-PyMT breast cancer model, demonstrating a causal role for uPA in cancer dissemination. To investigate the role of uPAR in cancer progression, we analyze the effect of uPAR deficiency in the same cancer model. uPAR is predominantly expressed in stromal cells in the mouse primary tumors, similar to human breast cancer. In a cohort of MMTV-PyMT mice [uPAR-deficient (n = 31) or wild type controls (n = 33)], tumorigenesis, tumor growth, and tumor histopathology were not significantly affected by uPAR deficiency. Lung and lymph node metastases were also not significantly affected by uPAR deficiency, in contrast to the significant reduction seen in uPA-deficient mice. Taken together, our data show that the genetic absence of uPAR does not influence the outcome of the MMTV-PyMT cancer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Almholt
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark,
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WYGANOWSKA-ŞWIĄTKOWSKA MARZENA, JANKUN JERZY. Plasminogen activation system in oral cancer: Relevance in prognosis and therapy (Review). Int J Oncol 2015; 47:16-24. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Buta M, Džodić R, Đurišić I, Marković I, Vujasinović T, Markićević M, Nikolić-Vukosavljević D. Potential clinical relevance of uPA and PAI-1 levels in node-negative, postmenopausal breast cancer patients bearing histological grade II tumors with ER/PR expression, during an early follow-up. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:8193-200. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3573-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Laurenzana A, Fibbi G, Chillà A, Margheri G, Del Rosso T, Rovida E, Del Rosso M, Margheri F. Lipid rafts: integrated platforms for vascular organization offering therapeutic opportunities. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:1537-57. [PMID: 25552244 PMCID: PMC11113367 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1814-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Research on the nanoscale membrane structures known as lipid rafts is relevant to the fields of cancer biology, inflammation and ischaemia. Lipid rafts recruit molecules critical to signalling and regulation of the invasion process in malignant cells, the leukocytes that provide immunity in inflammation and the endothelial cells that build blood and lymphatic vessels, as well as the patterning of neural networks. As angiogenesis is a common denominator, regulation of receptors and signalling molecules critical to angiogenesis is central to the design of new approaches aimed at reducing, promoting or normalizing the angiogenic process. The goal of this review is to highlight some of the key issues that indicate the involvement of endothelial cell lipid rafts at each step of so-called 'sprouting angiogenesis', from stimulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor to the choice of tip cells, activation of migratory and invasion pathways, recruitment of molecules that guide axons in vascular patterning and maturation of blood vessels. Finally, the review addresses opportunities for future studies to define how these lipid domains (and their constituents) may be manipulated to stimulate the so-called 'normalization' of vascular networks within tumors, and be identified as the main target, enabling the development of more efficient chemotherapeutics and cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Laurenzana
- Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Anastasia Chillà
- Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Margheri
- Institute of Complex Systems (ISC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Florence, Italy
| | - Tommaso Del Rosso
- Department of Physics, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisabetta Rovida
- Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Istituto Toscano Tumori, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
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IMD-4690, a novel specific inhibitor for plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, reduces allergic airway remodeling in a mouse model of chronic asthma via regulating angiogenesis and remodeling-related mediators. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121615. [PMID: 25785861 PMCID: PMC4364779 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 is the principal inhibitor of plasminogen activators, and is responsible for the degradation of fibrin and extracellular matrix. IMD-4690 is a newly synthesized inhibitor for PAI-1, whereas the effect on allergic airway inflammation and remodeling is still unclear. We examined the in vivo effects by using a chronic allergen exposure model of bronchial asthma in mice. The model was generated by an immune challenge for 8 weeks with house dust mite antigen, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp). IMD-4690 was intraperitoneally administered during the challenge. Lung histopathology, hyperresponsiveness and the concentrations of mediators in lung homogenates were analyzed. The amount of active PAI-1 in the lungs was increased in mice treated with Dp. Administration with IMD-4690 reduced an active/total PAI-1 ratio. IMD-4690 also reduced the number of bronchial eosinophils in accordance with the decreased expressions of Th2 cytokines in the lung homogenates. Airway remodeling was inhibited by reducing subepithelial collagen deposition, smooth muscle hypertrophy, and angiogenesis. The effects of IMD-4690 were partly mediated by the regulation of TGF-β, HGF and matrix metalloproteinase. These results suggest that PAI-1 plays crucial roles in airway inflammation and remodeling, and IMD-4690, a specific PAI-1 inhibitor, may have therapeutic potential for patients with refractory asthma due to airway remodeling.
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Xu XH, Pan W, Kang LH, Feng H, Song YQ. Association of annexin A2 with cancer development (Review). Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2121-8. [PMID: 25760910 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a well-known calcium-dependent phospholipid binding protein widely distributed in the nucleus, cytoplasm and extracellular surface of various eukaryotic cells. It has been recognized as a pleiotropic protein affecting a wide range of molecular and cellular processes. Dysregulation and abnormal expression of ANXA2 are linked to a large number of prevalent diseases, including autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease, antiphospholipid syndrome, inflammation, diabetes mellitus and a series of cancers. Accumulating data suggest that ANXA2 is aberrantly expressed in a wide spectrum of cancers, and exerts profound effects on tumor cell adhesion, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis as well as tumor neovascularization via different modes of action. However, despite significant research, our knowledge of the mechanism by which ANXA2 participates in cancer development remains fragmented. The present review systematically summarizes the effects of ANXA2 on tumor progression, in an attempt to gain an improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms and to provide a potential effective target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Heng Xu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Kang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Hui Feng
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qiu Song
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
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Wu J, Strawn TL, Luo M, Wang L, Li R, Ren M, Xia J, Zhang Z, Ma W, Luo T, Lawrence DA, Fay WP. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 inhibits angiogenic signaling by uncoupling vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2-αVβ3 integrin cross talk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:111-20. [PMID: 25378411 PMCID: PMC4270947 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) regulates angiogenesis via effects on extracellular matrix proteolysis and cell adhesion. However, no previous study has implicated PAI-1 in controlling vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. We tested the hypothesis that PAI-1 downregulates VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) activation by inhibiting a vitronectin-dependent cooperative binding interaction between VEGFR-2 and αVβ3. APPROACH AND RESULTS We studied effects of PAI-1 on VEGF signaling in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. PAI-1 inhibited VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells grown on vitronectin, but not on fibronectin or collagen. PAI-1 inhibited the binding of VEGFR-2 to β3 integrin, VEGFR-2 endocytosis, and intracellular signaling pathways downstream of VEGFR-2. The anti-VEGF effect of PAI-1 was mediated by 2 distinct pathways, one requiring binding to vitronectin and another requiring binding to very low-density lipoprotein receptor. PAI-1 inhibited VEGF-induced angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, and pharmacological inhibition of PAI-1 promoted collateral arteriole development and recovery of hindlimb perfusion after femoral artery interruption. CONCLUSIONS PAI-1 inhibits activation of VEGFR-2 by VEGF by disrupting a vitronectin-dependent proangiogenic binding interaction involving αVβ3 and VEGFR-2. These results broaden our understanding of the roles of PAI-1, vitronectin, and endocytic receptors in regulating VEGFR-2 activation and suggest novel therapeutic strategies for regulating VEGF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Wu
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (J.W., T.L.S., M.L., W.P.F.), the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia; the Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China (J.W., M.L., L.W., R.L., M.R., J.X., Z.Z., W.M., T.L.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.).
| | - Tammy L Strawn
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (J.W., T.L.S., M.L., W.P.F.), the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia; the Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China (J.W., M.L., L.W., R.L., M.R., J.X., Z.Z., W.M., T.L.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.)
| | - Mao Luo
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (J.W., T.L.S., M.L., W.P.F.), the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia; the Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China (J.W., M.L., L.W., R.L., M.R., J.X., Z.Z., W.M., T.L.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.)
| | - Liqun Wang
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (J.W., T.L.S., M.L., W.P.F.), the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia; the Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China (J.W., M.L., L.W., R.L., M.R., J.X., Z.Z., W.M., T.L.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.)
| | - Rong Li
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (J.W., T.L.S., M.L., W.P.F.), the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia; the Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China (J.W., M.L., L.W., R.L., M.R., J.X., Z.Z., W.M., T.L.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.)
| | - Meiping Ren
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (J.W., T.L.S., M.L., W.P.F.), the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia; the Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China (J.W., M.L., L.W., R.L., M.R., J.X., Z.Z., W.M., T.L.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.)
| | - Jiyi Xia
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (J.W., T.L.S., M.L., W.P.F.), the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia; the Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China (J.W., M.L., L.W., R.L., M.R., J.X., Z.Z., W.M., T.L.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.)
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (J.W., T.L.S., M.L., W.P.F.), the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia; the Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China (J.W., M.L., L.W., R.L., M.R., J.X., Z.Z., W.M., T.L.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.)
| | - Weizhong Ma
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (J.W., T.L.S., M.L., W.P.F.), the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia; the Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China (J.W., M.L., L.W., R.L., M.R., J.X., Z.Z., W.M., T.L.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.)
| | - Tingting Luo
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (J.W., T.L.S., M.L., W.P.F.), the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia; the Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China (J.W., M.L., L.W., R.L., M.R., J.X., Z.Z., W.M., T.L.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.)
| | - Daniel A Lawrence
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (J.W., T.L.S., M.L., W.P.F.), the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia; the Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China (J.W., M.L., L.W., R.L., M.R., J.X., Z.Z., W.M., T.L.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.)
| | - William P Fay
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (J.W., T.L.S., M.L., W.P.F.), the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia; the Drug Discovery Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China (J.W., M.L., L.W., R.L., M.R., J.X., Z.Z., W.M., T.L.); and the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.)
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PAI-1 mediates the antiangiogenic and profibrinolytic effects of 16K prolactin. Nat Med 2014; 20:741-7. [DOI: 10.1038/nm.3552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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50
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Tugcu D, Devecioglu O, Unuvar A, Ekmekci H, Ekmekci OB, Anak S, Ozturk G, Akcay A, Aydogan G. Plasma Levels of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 and Vitronectin in Children With Cancer. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2014; 22:28-33. [PMID: 24770328 DOI: 10.1177/1076029614531450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plasminogen activator system controls intravascular fibrin deposition; besides, it also participates in a wide variety of physiologic and pathologic processes, including cancer. PROCEDURE In this study, we examined the levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and vitronectin in 32 newly diagnosed pediatric patients with malignancies, determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay between January 2009 and January 2010 and compared them to 35 age-matched healthy children, using SPSS 16.0 software. RESULTS The mean level of PAI-1 was 23.02 ± 15 (8.2-71.19) ng/mL and vitronectin was 83.10% ± 23.77% (12%-126%) in the tumor group. Thirty-five healthy children in the same age range were enrolled in the control group. The levels of PAI-1 and vitronectin were 23.63 ± 10.44 (11.67-58.85) ng/mL and 85% ± 20.85% (39%-126%), respectively. No significant difference was found between the 2 groups by independent sample t-test (P = .86 and P = .69). CONCLUSIONS This is a preliminary study done in children with malignancies, investigating PAI-1 and vitronectin. Further study is needed, including larger trials and tumor tissue with histopathological examination as in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tugcu
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Clinic, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - O Devecioglu
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Unuvar
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H Ekmekci
- Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - O B Ekmekci
- Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Anak
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - G Ozturk
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Akcay
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Clinic, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - G Aydogan
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Clinic, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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