1
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Monteiro-Cardoso VF, Giordano F. Emerging functions of the mitochondria-ER-lipid droplet three-way junction in coordinating lipid transfer, metabolism, and storage in cells. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1252-1273. [PMID: 38774950 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, we have witnessed a growing appreciation for the importance of membrane contact sites (CS) in facilitating direct communication between organelles. CS are tiny regions where the membranes of two organelles meet but do not fuse and allow the transfer of metabolites between organelles, playing crucial roles in the coordination of cellular metabolic activities. The significant advancements in imaging techniques and molecular and cell biology research have revealed that CS are more complex than what originally thought, and as they are extremely dynamic, they can remodel their shape, composition, and functions in accordance with metabolic and environmental changes and can occur between more than two organelles. Here, we describe how recent studies led to the identification of a three-way mitochondria-ER-lipid droplet CS and discuss the emerging functions of these contacts in maintaining lipid storage, homeostasis, and balance. We also summarize the properties and functions of key protein components localized at the mitochondria-ER-lipid droplet interface, with a special focus on lipid transfer proteins. Understanding tripartite CS is essential for unraveling the complexities of inter-organelle communication and cooperation within cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Filipa Monteiro-Cardoso
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
- Inserm U1280, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Francesca Giordano
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
- Inserm U1280, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
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2
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Benning FMC, Bell TA, Nguyen TH, Syau D, Connell LB, daCosta CJB, Chao LH. Ancestral sequence reconstruction of Mic60 reveals a residue signature supporting respiration in yeast. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.26.591372. [PMID: 38746426 PMCID: PMC11092495 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.26.591372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, the essential process of cellular respiration takes place in the cristae of mitochondria. The protein Mic60 is known to stabilize crista junctions; however, how the C-terminal Mitofilin domain of Mic60 mediates cristae-supported respiration remains elusive. Here, we used ancestral sequence reconstruction to generate Mitofilin ancestors up to and including the last opisthokont common ancestor (LOCA). We found that yeast-lineage derived Mitofilin ancestors as far back as the LOCA rescue respiration. By comparing Mitofilin ancestors with different respiratory phenotypes, we identify four residues that explain the difference between respiration functional yeast- and non-functional animal-derived common Mitofilin ancestors. Our results imply that Mitofilin-supported respiration in yeast stems from a conserved mechanism, and provide a foundation for investigating the divergence of candidate crista junction interactions present during the emergence of eukaryotes.
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3
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Benaroya H. Mitochondria and MICOS - function and modeling. Rev Neurosci 2024; 0:revneuro-2024-0004. [PMID: 38369708 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2024-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
An extensive review is presented on mitochondrial structure and function, mitochondrial proteins, the outer and inner membranes, cristae, the role of F1FO-ATP synthase, the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS), the sorting and assembly machinery morphology and function, and phospholipids, in particular cardiolipin. Aspects of mitochondrial regulation under physiological and pathological conditions are outlined, in particular the role of dysregulated MICOS protein subunit Mic60 in Parkinson's disease, the relations between mitochondrial quality control and proteins, and mitochondria as signaling organelles. A mathematical modeling approach of cristae and MICOS using mechanical beam theory is introduced and outlined. The proposed modeling is based on the premise that an optimization framework can be used for a better understanding of critical mitochondrial function and also to better map certain experiments and clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haym Benaroya
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers University, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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4
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Golombek M, Tsigaras T, Schaumkessel Y, Hänsch S, Weidtkamp-Peters S, Anand R, Reichert AS, Kondadi AK. Cristae dynamics is modulated in bioenergetically compromised mitochondria. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302386. [PMID: 37957016 PMCID: PMC10643176 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cristae membranes have been recently shown to undergo intramitochondrial merging and splitting events. Yet, the metabolic and bioenergetic factors regulating them are unclear. Here, we investigated whether and how cristae morphology and dynamics are dependent on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes, the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and the ADP/ATP nucleotide translocator. Advanced live-cell STED nanoscopy combined with in-depth quantification were employed to analyse cristae morphology and dynamics after treatment of mammalian cells with rotenone, antimycin A, oligomycin A, and CCCP. This led to formation of enlarged mitochondria along with reduced cristae density but did not impair cristae dynamics. CCCP treatment leading to ΔΨm abrogation even enhanced cristae dynamics showing its ΔΨm-independent nature. Inhibition of OXPHOS complexes was accompanied by reduced ATP levels but did not affect cristae dynamics. However, inhibition of ADP/ATP exchange led to aberrant cristae morphology and impaired cristae dynamics in a mitochondrial subset. In sum, we provide quantitative data of cristae membrane remodelling under different conditions supporting an important interplay between OXPHOS, metabolite exchange, and cristae membrane dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Golombek
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thanos Tsigaras
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yulia Schaumkessel
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hänsch
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Center for Advanced Imaging, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Weidtkamp-Peters
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Center for Advanced Imaging, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruchika Anand
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arun Kumar Kondadi
- https://ror.org/024z2rq82 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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5
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Peifer-Weiß L, Kurban M, David C, Lubeck M, Kondadi AK, Nemer G, Reichert AS, Anand R. A X-linked nonsense APOO/MIC26 variant causes a lethal mitochondrial disease with progeria-like phenotypes. Clin Genet 2023; 104:659-668. [PMID: 37649161 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
APOO/MIC26 is a subunit of the MICOS complex required for mitochondrial cristae morphology and function. Here, we report a novel variant of the APOO/MIC26 gene that causes a severe mitochondrial disease with overall progeria-like phenotypes in two patients. Both patients developed partial agenesis of the corpus callosum, bilateral congenital cataract, hypothyroidism, and severe immune deficiencies. The patients died at an early age of 12 or 18 months. Exome sequencing revealed a mutation (NM_024122.5): c.532G>T (p.E178*) in the APOO/MIC26 gene that causes a nonsense mutation leading to the loss of 20 C-terminal amino acids. This mutation resulted in a highly unstable and degradation prone MIC26 protein, yet the remaining minute amounts of mutant MIC26 correctly localized to mitochondria and interacted physically with other MICOS subunits. MIC26 KO cells expressing MIC26 harboring the respective APOO/MIC26 mutation showed mitochondria with perturbed cristae architecture and fragmented morphology resembling MIC26 KO cells. We conclude that the novel mutation found in the APOO/MIC26 gene is a loss-of-function mutation impairing mitochondrial morphology and cristae morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Peifer-Weiß
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mazen Kurban
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Céline David
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melissa Lubeck
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arun Kumar Kondadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Georges Nemer
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruchika Anand
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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6
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Vue Z, Garza‐Lopez E, Neikirk K, Katti P, Vang L, Beasley H, Shao J, Marshall AG, Crabtree A, Murphy AC, Jenkins BC, Prasad P, Evans C, Taylor B, Mungai M, Killion M, Stephens D, Christensen TA, Lam J, Rodriguez B, Phillips MA, Daneshgar N, Koh H, Koh A, Davis J, Devine N, Saleem M, Scudese E, Arnold KR, Vanessa Chavarin V, Daniel Robinson R, Chakraborty M, Gaddy JA, Sweetwyne MT, Wilson G, Zaganjor E, Kezos J, Dondi C, Reddy AK, Glancy B, Kirabo A, Quintana AM, Dai D, Ocorr K, Murray SA, Damo SM, Exil V, Riggs B, Mobley BC, Gomez JA, McReynolds MR, Hinton A. 3D reconstruction of murine mitochondria reveals changes in structure during aging linked to the MICOS complex. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e14009. [PMID: 37960952 PMCID: PMC10726809 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
During aging, muscle gradually undergoes sarcopenia, the loss of function associated with loss of mass, strength, endurance, and oxidative capacity. However, the 3D structural alterations of mitochondria associated with aging in skeletal muscle and cardiac tissues are not well described. Although mitochondrial aging is associated with decreased mitochondrial capacity, the genes responsible for the morphological changes in mitochondria during aging are poorly characterized. We measured changes in mitochondrial morphology in aged murine gastrocnemius, soleus, and cardiac tissues using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy and 3D reconstructions. We also used reverse transcriptase-quantitative PCR, transmission electron microscopy quantification, Seahorse analysis, and metabolomics and lipidomics to measure changes in mitochondrial morphology and function after loss of mitochondria contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex genes, Chchd3, Chchd6, and Mitofilin. We identified significant changes in mitochondrial size in aged murine gastrocnemius, soleus, and cardiac tissues. We found that both age-related loss of the MICOS complex and knockouts of MICOS genes in mice altered mitochondrial morphology. Given the critical role of mitochondria in maintaining cellular metabolism, we characterized the metabolomes and lipidomes of young and aged mouse tissues, which showed profound alterations consistent with changes in membrane integrity, supporting our observations of age-related changes in muscle tissues. We found a relationship between changes in the MICOS complex and aging. Thus, it is important to understand the mechanisms that underlie the tissue-dependent 3D mitochondrial phenotypic changes that occur in aging and the evolutionary conservation of these mechanisms between Drosophila and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zer Vue
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | | | - Kit Neikirk
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Prasanna Katti
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthMarylandBethesdaUSA
| | - Larry Vang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Heather Beasley
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Jianqiang Shao
- Central Microscopy Research FacilityUniversity of IowaIowaIowa CityUSA
| | - Andrea G. Marshall
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Amber Crabtree
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Alexandria C. Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityPennsylvaniaState CollegeUSA
| | - Brenita C. Jenkins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityPennsylvaniaState CollegeUSA
| | - Praveena Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityPennsylvaniaState CollegeUSA
| | - Chantell Evans
- Department of Cell BiologyDuke University School of MedicineNorth CarolinaDurhamUSA
| | - Brittany Taylor
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of FloridaFloridaGainesvilleUSA
| | - Margaret Mungai
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Mason Killion
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Dominique Stephens
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | | | - Jacob Lam
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of IowaIowaIowa CityUSA
| | | | - Mark A. Phillips
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityOregonCorvallisUSA
| | - Nastaran Daneshgar
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityOregonCorvallisUSA
| | - Ho‐Jin Koh
- Department of Biological SciencesTennessee State UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Alice Koh
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Jamaine Davis
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience, and PharmacologyMeharry Medical CollegeTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Nina Devine
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityOregonCorvallisUSA
| | - Mohammad Saleem
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Estevão Scudese
- Laboratory of Biosciences of Human Motricity (LABIMH) of the Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO)Rio de JaneiroBrazil
- Sport Sciences and Exercise Laboratory (LaCEE)Catholic University of Petrópolis (UCP)PetrópolisState of Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Kenneth Ryan Arnold
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California at IrvineCaliforniaIrvineUSA
| | - Valeria Vanessa Chavarin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California at IrvineCaliforniaIrvineUSA
| | - Ryan Daniel Robinson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California at IrvineCaliforniaIrvineUSA
| | | | - Jennifer A. Gaddy
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of Medicine Health and SocietyVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of Veterans AffairsTennessee Valley Healthcare SystemsTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Mariya T. Sweetwyne
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of WashingtonWashingtonSeattleUSA
| | - Genesis Wilson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Elma Zaganjor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - James Kezos
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteCaliforniaLa JollaUSA
| | - Cristiana Dondi
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteCaliforniaLa JollaUSA
| | | | - Brian Glancy
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthMarylandBethesdaUSA
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of HealthMarylandBethesdaUSA
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Anita M. Quintana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research CenterUniversity of Texas at El PasoTexasEl PasoUSA
| | - Dao‐Fu Dai
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Johns Hopkins School of MedicineMarylandBaltimoreUSA
| | - Karen Ocorr
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteCaliforniaLa JollaUSA
| | - Sandra A. Murray
- Department of Cell Biology, School of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPennsylvaniaPittsburghUSA
| | - Steven M. Damo
- Department of Life and Physical SciencesFisk UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Center for Structural BiologyVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Vernat Exil
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowaIowa CityUSA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of CardiologySt. Louis University School of MedicineMissouriSt. LouisUSA
| | - Blake Riggs
- Department of BiologySan Francisco State UniversityCaliforniaSan FranciscoUSA
| | - Bret C. Mobley
- Department of PathologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Jose A. Gomez
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterTennesseeNashvilleUSA
| | - Melanie R. McReynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityPennsylvaniaState CollegeUSA
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityTennesseeNashvilleUSA
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7
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Lubeck M, Derkum NH, Naha R, Strohm R, Driessen MD, Belgardt BF, Roden M, Stühler K, Anand R, Reichert AS, Kondadi AK. MIC26 and MIC27 are bona fide subunits of the MICOS complex in mitochondria and do not exist as glycosylated apolipoproteins. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286756. [PMID: 37279200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Impairments of mitochondrial functions are linked to human ageing and pathologies such as cancer, cardiomyopathy, neurodegeneration and diabetes. Specifically, aberrations in ultrastructure of mitochondrial inner membrane (IM) and factors regulating them are linked to diabetes. The development of diabetes is connected to the 'Mitochondrial Contact Site and Cristae Organising System' (MICOS) complex which is a large membrane protein complex defining the IM architecture. MIC26 and MIC27 are homologous apolipoproteins of the MICOS complex. MIC26 has been reported as a 22 kDa mitochondrial and a 55 kDa glycosylated and secreted protein. The molecular and functional relationship between these MIC26 isoforms has not been investigated. In order to understand their molecular roles, we depleted MIC26 using siRNA and further generated MIC26 and MIC27 knockouts (KOs) in four different human cell lines. In these KOs, we used four anti-MIC26 antibodies and consistently detected the loss of mitochondrial MIC26 (22 kDa) and MIC27 (30 kDa) but not the loss of intracellular or secreted 55 kDa protein. Thus, the protein assigned earlier as 55 kDa MIC26 is nonspecific. We further excluded the presence of a glycosylated, high-molecular weight MIC27 protein. Next, we probed GFP- and myc-tagged variants of MIC26 with antibodies against GFP and myc respectively. Again, only the mitochondrial versions of these tagged proteins were detected but not the corresponding high-molecular weight MIC26, suggesting that MIC26 is indeed not post-translationally modified. Mutagenesis of predicted glycosylation sites in MIC26 also did not affect the detection of the 55 kDa protein band. Mass spectrometry of a band excised from an SDS gel around 55 kDa could not confirm the presence of any peptides derived from MIC26. Taken together, we conclude that both MIC26 and MIC27 are exclusively localized in mitochondria and that the observed phenotypes reported previously are exclusively due to their mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Lubeck
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nick H Derkum
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ritam Naha
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rebecca Strohm
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc D Driessen
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Protein Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bengt-Frederik Belgardt
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Protein Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, BMFZ, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruchika Anand
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arun Kumar Kondadi
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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8
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Zheng Y, Gibb AA, Xu H, Liu S, Hill BG. The metabolic state of the heart regulates mitochondrial supercomplex abundance in mice. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102740. [PMID: 37210780 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial supercomplexes are observed in mammalian tissues with high energy demand and may influence metabolism and redox signaling. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that regulate supercomplex abundance remain unclear. In this study, we examined the composition of supercomplexes derived from murine cardiac mitochondria and determined how their abundance changes with substrate provision or by genetically induced changes to the cardiac glucose-fatty acid cycle. Protein complexes from digitonin-solubilized cardiac mitochondria were resolved by blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and were identified by mass spectrometry and immunoblotting to contain constituents of Complexes I, III, IV, and V as well as accessory proteins involved in supercomplex assembly and stability, cristae architecture, carbohydrate and fat oxidation, and oxidant detoxification. Respiratory analysis of high molecular mass supercomplexes confirmed the presence of intact respirasomes, capable of transferring electrons from NADH to O2. Provision of respiratory substrates to isolated mitochondria augmented supercomplex abundance, with fatty acyl substrate (octanoylcarnitine) promoting higher supercomplex abundance than carbohydrate-derived substrate (pyruvate). Mitochondria isolated from transgenic hearts that express kinase-deficient 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (GlycoLo), which decreases glucose utilization and increases reliance on fatty acid oxidation for energy, had higher mitochondrial supercomplex abundance and activity compared with mitochondria from wild-type or phosphatase-deficient 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase-expressing hearts (GlycoHi), the latter of which encourages reliance on glucose catabolism for energy. These findings indicate that high energetic reliance on fatty acid catabolism bolsters levels of mitochondrial supercomplexes, supporting the idea that the energetic state of the heart is regulatory factor in supercomplex assembly or stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zheng
- Center for Cardiometabolic Science, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Andrew A Gibb
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Hongkai Xu
- Center of Proteomic Analysis, Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Center of Proteomic Analysis, Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Bradford G Hill
- Center for Cardiometabolic Science, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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9
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Nguyen A, Lugarini F, David C, Hosnani P, Alagöz Ç, Friedrich A, Schlütermann D, Knotkova B, Patel A, Parfentev I, Urlaub H, Meinecke M, Stork B, Faesen AC. Metamorphic proteins at the basis of human autophagy initiation and lipid transfer. Mol Cell 2023:S1097-2765(23)00321-0. [PMID: 37209685 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved intracellular degradation pathway that generates de novo double-membrane autophagosomes to target a wide range of material for lysosomal degradation. In multicellular organisms, autophagy initiation requires the timely assembly of a contact site between the ER and the nascent autophagosome. Here, we report the in vitro reconstitution of a full-length seven-subunit human autophagy initiation supercomplex built on a core complex of ATG13-101 and ATG9. Assembly of this core complex requires the rare ability of ATG13 and ATG101 to switch between distinct folds. The slow spontaneous metamorphic conversion is rate limiting for the self-assembly of the supercomplex. The interaction of the core complex with ATG2-WIPI4 enhances tethering of membrane vesicles and accelerates lipid transfer of ATG2 by both ATG9 and ATG13-101. Our work uncovers the molecular basis of the contact site and its assembly mechanisms imposed by the metamorphosis of ATG13-101 to regulate autophagosome biogenesis in space and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Nguyen
- Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signal Dynamics, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Francesca Lugarini
- Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signal Dynamics, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Céline David
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Pouya Hosnani
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg, Germany; University Medical Centre Göttingen, Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Çağla Alagöz
- Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signal Dynamics, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Annabelle Friedrich
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - David Schlütermann
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Barbora Knotkova
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg, Germany; University Medical Centre Göttingen, Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anoshi Patel
- Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signal Dynamics, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Iwan Parfentev
- Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Göttingen, Germany; University Medical Centre Göttingen, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Bioanalytics Group, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Meinecke
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg, Germany; University Medical Centre Göttingen, Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Björn Stork
- Institute of Molecular Medicine I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alex C Faesen
- Max-Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signal Dynamics, Göttingen, Germany.
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10
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Tomar D, Thomas M, Garbincius JF, Kolmetzky DW, Salik O, Jadiya P, Joseph SK, Carpenter AC, Hajnóczky G, Elrod JW. MICU1 regulates mitochondrial cristae structure and function independently of the mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter channel. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eabi8948. [PMID: 37098122 PMCID: PMC10388395 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abi8948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
MICU1 is a calcium (Ca2+)-binding protein that regulates the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter channel complex (mtCU) and mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. MICU1 knockout mice display disorganized mitochondrial architecture, a phenotype that is distinct from that of mice with deficiencies in other mtCU subunits and, thus, is likely not explained by changes in mitochondrial matrix Ca2+ content. Using proteomic and cellular imaging techniques, we found that MICU1 localized to the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) and directly interacted with the MICOS components MIC60 and CHCHD2 independently of the mtCU. We demonstrated that MICU1 was essential for MICOS complex formation and that MICU1 ablation resulted in altered cristae organization, mitochondrial ultrastructure, mitochondrial membrane dynamics, and cell death signaling. Together, our results suggest that MICU1 is an intermembrane space Ca2+ sensor that modulates mitochondrial membrane dynamics independently of matrix Ca2+ uptake. This system enables distinct Ca2+ signaling in the mitochondrial matrix and at the intermembrane space to modulate cellular energetics and cell death in a concerted manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanendra Tomar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Manfred Thomas
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Joanne F. Garbincius
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Devin W. Kolmetzky
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Oniel Salik
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
- Health and Exercise Physiology, Ursinus College, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Pooja Jadiya
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Suresh K. Joseph
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - April C. Carpenter
- Health and Exercise Physiology, Ursinus College, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - György Hajnóczky
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John W. Elrod
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
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11
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Muñoz-Gómez SA, Cadena LR, Gardiner AT, Leger MM, Sheikh S, Connell LB, Bilý T, Kopejtka K, Beatty JT, Koblížek M, Roger AJ, Slamovits CH, Lukeš J, Hashimi H. Intracytoplasmic-membrane development in alphaproteobacteria involves the homolog of the mitochondrial crista-developing protein Mic60. Curr Biol 2023; 33:1099-1111.e6. [PMID: 36921606 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial cristae expand the surface area of respiratory membranes and ultimately allow for the evolutionary scaling of respiration with cell volume across eukaryotes. The discovery of Mic60 homologs among alphaproteobacteria, the closest extant relatives of mitochondria, suggested that cristae might have evolved from bacterial intracytoplasmic membranes (ICMs). Here, we investigated the predicted structure and function of alphaproteobacterial Mic60, and a protein encoded by an adjacent gene Orf52, in two distantly related purple alphaproteobacteria, Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Rhodopseudomonas palustris. In addition, we assessed the potential physical interactors of Mic60 and Orf52 in R. sphaeroides. We show that the three α helices of mitochondrial Mic60's mitofilin domain, as well as its adjacent membrane-binding amphipathic helix, are present in alphaproteobacterial Mic60. The disruption of Mic60 and Orf52 caused photoheterotrophic growth defects, which are most severe under low light conditions, and both their disruption and overexpression led to enlarged ICMs in both studied alphaproteobacteria. We also found that alphaproteobacterial Mic60 physically interacts with BamA, the homolog of Sam50, one of the main physical interactors of eukaryotic Mic60. This interaction, responsible for making contact sites at mitochondrial envelopes, has been conserved in modern alphaproteobacteria despite more than a billion years of evolutionary divergence. Our results suggest a role for Mic60 in photosynthetic ICM development and contact site formation at alphaproteobacterial envelopes. Overall, we provide support for the hypothesis that mitochondrial cristae evolved from alphaproteobacterial ICMs and have therefore improved our understanding of the nature of the mitochondrial ancestor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio A Muñoz-Gómez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Lawrence Rudy Cadena
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic
| | - Alastair T Gardiner
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Michelle M Leger
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, 08003 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Shaghayegh Sheikh
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic
| | - Louise B Connell
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Tomáš Bilý
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic
| | - Karel Kopejtka
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - J Thomas Beatty
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michal Koblížek
- Center Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew J Roger
- Centre for Comparative Genomics and Evolutionary Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Claudio H Slamovits
- Centre for Comparative Genomics and Evolutionary Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Julius Lukeš
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic
| | - Hassan Hashimi
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic.
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12
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Michels PAM, Ginger ML. Evolution: ‘Millefoglie’ origin of mitochondrial cristae. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R219-R221. [PMID: 36977381 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Striated intracytoplasmic membranes in alphaproteobacteria are often reminiscent of millefoglie pastries. A new study reveals a protein complex homologous to that responsible for mitochondrial cristae formation drives intracytoplasmic membrane formation, thereby establishing bacterial ancestry for the biogenesis of mitochondrial cristae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A M Michels
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK.
| | - Michael L Ginger
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
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13
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Ghosh M, Denkert N, Reuter M, Klümper J, Reglinski K, Peschel R, Schliebs W, Erdmann R, Meinecke M. Dynamics of the translocation pore of the human peroxisomal protein import machinery. Biol Chem 2023; 404:169-178. [PMID: 35977096 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2022-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomal matrix proteins are synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes and imported in a posttranslational manner. Intricate protein import machineries have evolved that catalyze the different stages of translocation. In humans, PEX5L was found to be an essential component of the peroxisomal translocon. PEX5L is the main receptor for substrate proteins carrying a peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS). Substrates are bound by soluble PEX5L in the cytosol after which the cargo-receptor complex is recruited to peroxisomal membranes. Here, PEX5L interacts with the docking protein PEX14 and becomes part of an integral membrane protein complex that facilitates substrate translocation into the peroxisomal lumen in a still unknown process. In this study, we show that PEX5L containing complexes purified from human peroxisomal membranes constitute water-filled pores when reconstituted into planar-lipid membranes. Channel characteristics were highly dynamic in terms of conductance states, selectivity and voltage- and substrate-sensitivity. Our results show that a PEX5L associated pore exists in human peroxisomes, which can be activated by receptor-cargo complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mausumi Ghosh
- Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Niels Denkert
- Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maren Reuter
- Institute of Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jessica Klümper
- Institute of Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Katharina Reglinski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Rebecca Peschel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schliebs
- Institute of Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ralf Erdmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Meinecke
- Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
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14
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Mitochondrial cristae in health and disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123755. [PMID: 36812974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are centers of energy metabolism. The mitochondrial network is shaped by mitochondrial dynamics, including the processes of mitochondrial fission and fusion and cristae remodeling. The cristae folded by the inner mitochondrial membrane are sites of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. However, the factors and their coordinated interplay in cristae remodeling and linked human diseases have not been fully demonstrated. In this review, we focus on key regulators of cristae structure, including the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system, optic atrophy-1, mitochondrial calcium uniporter, and ATP synthase, which function in the dynamic remodeling of cristae. We summarized their contribution to sustaining functional cristae structure and abnormal cristae morphology, including a decreased number of cristae, enlarged cristae junctions, and cristae as concentric ring structures. These abnormalities directly impact cellular respiration and are caused by dysfunction or deletion of these regulators in diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Leigh syndrome, and dominant optic atrophy. Identifying the important regulators of cristae morphology and understanding their role in sustaining mitochondrial morphology could be applied to explore the pathologies of diseases and to develop relevant therapeutic tools.
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15
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Kozlov MM, Taraska JW. Generation of nanoscopic membrane curvature for membrane trafficking. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:63-78. [PMID: 35918535 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00511-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Curved membranes are key features of intracellular organelles, and their generation involves dynamic protein complexes. Here we describe the fundamental mechanisms such as the hydrophobic insertion, scaffolding and crowding mechanisms these proteins use to produce membrane curvatures and complex shapes required to form intracellular organelles and vesicular structures involved in endocytosis and secretion. For each mechanism, we discuss its cellular functions as well as the underlying physical principles and the specific membrane properties required for the mechanism to be feasible. We propose that the integration of individual mechanisms into a highly controlled, robust process of curvature generation often relies on the assembly of proteins into coats. How cells unify and organize the curvature-generating factors at the nanoscale is presented for three ubiquitous coats central for membrane trafficking in eukaryotes: clathrin-coated pits, caveolae, and COPI and COPII coats. The emerging theme is that these coats arrange and coordinate curvature-generating factors in time and space to dynamically shape membranes to accomplish membrane trafficking within cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Kozlov
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Justin W Taraska
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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16
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Li Y, Li L, Li X, Luo B, Ye Q, Wang H, Yang L, Zhu X, Han L, Zhang R, Tian H, Wang P. A mechanistic review of chinese medicine polyphenols on bone formation and resorption. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1017538. [PMID: 36313339 PMCID: PMC9597080 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1017538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone reconstruction includes a steady state system of bone formation and bone absorption. This tight coupling requires subtle coordination between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. If this balance is broken, it will lead to bone mass loss, bone density reduction, and bone metabolic diseases, such as osteoporosis. Polyphenols in Chinese herbal medicines are active ingredients in plant extracts with high safety and few side effects, and they can play a role in affecting bone formation and bone resorption. Some of these have estrogen-like effects and can better target bone health in postmenopausal women. The purpose of this review is to provide comprehensive information on the mechanisms underlying the relationship between traditional Chinese medicine polyphenols and bone formation or bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyun Ye
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ronghua Zhang, ; Huaqin Tian, ; Panpan Wang,
| | - Huaqin Tian
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Ronghua Zhang, ; Huaqin Tian, ; Panpan Wang,
| | - Panpan Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ronghua Zhang, ; Huaqin Tian, ; Panpan Wang,
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17
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Bock-Bierbaum T, Funck K, Wollweber F, Lisicki E, von der Malsburg K, von der Malsburg A, Laborenz J, Noel JK, Hessenberger M, Jungbluth S, Bernert C, Kunz S, Riedel D, Lilie H, Jakobs S, van der Laan M, Daumke O. Structural insights into crista junction formation by the Mic60-Mic19 complex. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo4946. [PMID: 36044574 PMCID: PMC9432830 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo4946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial cristae membranes are the oxidative phosphorylation sites in cells. Crista junctions (CJs) form the highly curved neck regions of cristae and are thought to function as selective entry gates into the cristae space. Little is known about how CJs are generated and maintained. We show that the central coiled-coil (CC) domain of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system subunit Mic60 forms an elongated, bow tie-shaped tetrameric assembly. Mic19 promotes Mic60 tetramerization via a conserved interface between the Mic60 mitofilin and Mic19 CHCH (CC-helix-CC-helix) domains. Dimerization of mitofilin domains exposes a crescent-shaped membrane-binding site with convex curvature tailored to interact with the curved CJ neck. Our study suggests that the Mic60-Mic19 subcomplex traverses CJs as a molecular strut, thereby controlling CJ architecture and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bock-Bierbaum
- Structural Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathrin Funck
- Structural Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Wollweber
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Elisa Lisicki
- Structural Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karina von der Malsburg
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Alexander von der Malsburg
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Janina Laborenz
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Jeffrey K. Noel
- Structural Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Hessenberger
- Structural Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sibylle Jungbluth
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Carola Bernert
- Structural Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Séverine Kunz
- Technology Platform for Electron Microscopy, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Riedel
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hauke Lilie
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Section of Protein Biochemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Stefan Jakobs
- Research Group Mitochondrial Structure and Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Clinic for Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Translational Neuroinflammation and Automated Microscopy, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin van der Laan
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Structural Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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18
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Zhou J, Duan M, Wang X, Zhang F, Zhou H, Ma T, Yin Q, Zhang J, Tian F, Wang G, Yang C. A feedback loop engaging propionate catabolism intermediates controls mitochondrial morphology. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:526-537. [PMID: 35418624 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00883-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
D-2-Hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) is an α-ketoglutarate-derived mitochondrial metabolite that causes D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria, a devastating developmental disorder. How D-2HG adversely affects mitochondria is largely unknown. Here, we report that in Caenorhabditis elegans, loss of the D-2HG dehydrogenase DHGD-1 causes D-2HG accumulation and mitochondrial damage. The excess D-2HG leads to a build-up of 3-hydroxypropionate (3-HP), a toxic metabolite in mitochondrial propionate oxidation, by inhibiting the 3-HP dehydrogenase HPHD-1. We demonstrate that 3-HP binds the MICOS subunit MIC60 (encoded by immt-1) and inhibits its membrane-binding and membrane-shaping activities. We further reveal that dietary and gut bacteria affect mitochondrial health by modulating the host production of 3-HP. These findings identify a feedback loop that links the toxic effects of D-2HG and 3-HP on mitochondria, thus providing important mechanistic insights into human diseases related to D-2HG and 3-HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Mei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hejiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Tengfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiuyuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Fei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chonglin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
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19
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Mitochondrial shape alteration by metabolites. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:410-412. [PMID: 35418623 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00889-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Yang Z, Wang L, Yang C, Pu S, Guo Z, Wu Q, Zhou Z, Zhao H. Mitochondrial Membrane Remodeling. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:786806. [PMID: 35059386 PMCID: PMC8763711 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.786806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key regulators of many important cellular processes and their dysfunction has been implicated in a large number of human disorders. Importantly, mitochondrial function is tightly linked to their ultrastructure, which possesses an intricate membrane architecture defining specific submitochondrial compartments. In particular, the mitochondrial inner membrane is highly folded into membrane invaginations that are essential for oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, mitochondrial membranes are highly dynamic and undergo constant membrane remodeling during mitochondrial fusion and fission. It has remained enigmatic how these membrane curvatures are generated and maintained, and specific factors involved in these processes are largely unknown. This review focuses on the current understanding of the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial membrane architectural organization and factors critical for mitochondrial morphogenesis, as well as their functional link to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyun Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Liang Wang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, High-Tech Development Zone, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Shiming Pu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Ziqi Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Zuping Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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21
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Friedman JR. Mitochondria from the Outside in: The Relationship Between Inter-Organelle Crosstalk and Mitochondrial Internal Organization. CONTACT (THOUSAND OAKS (VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.)) 2022; 5:10.1177/25152564221133267. [PMID: 36329759 PMCID: PMC9629538 DOI: 10.1177/25152564221133267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A fundamental role of membrane-bound organelles is the compartmentalization and organization of cellular processes. Mitochondria perform an immense number of metabolic chemical reactions and to efficiently regulate these, the organelle organizes its inner membrane into distinct morphological domains, including its characteristic cristae membranes. In recent years, a structural feature of increasing apparent importance is the inter-connection between the mitochondrial exterior and other organelles at membrane contact sites (MCSs). Mitochondria form MCSs with almost every other organelle in the cell, including the endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets, and lysosomes, to coordinate global cellular metabolism with mitochondrial metabolism. However, these MCSs not only facilitate the transport of metabolites between organelles, but also directly impinge on the physical shape and functional organization inside mitochondria. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of how physical connections between other organelles and mitochondria both directly and indirectly influence the internal architecture of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Friedman
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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22
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Rampelt H, Wollweber F, Licheva M, de Boer R, Perschil I, Steidle L, Becker T, Bohnert M, van der Klei I, Kraft C, van der Laan M, Pfanner N. Dual role of Mic10 in mitochondrial cristae organization and ATP synthase-linked metabolic adaptation and respiratory growth. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110290. [PMID: 35081352 PMCID: PMC8810396 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Invaginations of the mitochondrial inner membrane, termed cristae, are hubs for oxidative phosphorylation. The mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) and the dimeric F1Fo-ATP synthase play important roles in controlling cristae architecture. A fraction of the MICOS core subunit Mic10 is found in association with the ATP synthase, yet it is unknown whether this interaction is of relevance for mitochondrial or cellular functions. Here, we established conditions to selectively study the role of Mic10 at the ATP synthase. Mic10 variants impaired in MICOS functions stimulate ATP synthase oligomerization like wild-type Mic10 and promote efficient inner membrane energization, adaptation to non-fermentable carbon sources, and respiratory growth. Mic10's functions in respiratory growth largely depend on Mic10ATPsynthase, not on Mic10MICOS. We conclude that Mic10 plays a dual role as core subunit of MICOS and as partner of the F1Fo-ATP synthase, serving distinct functions in cristae shaping and respiratory adaptation and growth. Dual role of Mic10 of mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) Mic10 binds to mitochondrial ATP synthase and stabilizes higher order assemblies Oligomerization of Mic10 is required for its function in MICOS, not at ATP synthase Mic10 binding to ATP synthase supports metabolic adaptation and respiratory growth
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Rampelt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Florian Wollweber
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling, PZMS, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Mariya Licheva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rinse de Boer
- Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9700 Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Inge Perschil
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Liesa Steidle
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria Bohnert
- Institute of Cell Dynamics and Imaging, Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre (CiM), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ida van der Klei
- Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9700 Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Claudine Kraft
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin van der Laan
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling, PZMS, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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23
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Abstract
Mitochondria are complex organelles with two membranes. Their architecture is determined by characteristic folds of the inner membrane, termed cristae. Recent studies in yeast and other organisms led to the identification of four major pathways that cooperate to shape cristae membranes. These include dimer formation of the mitochondrial ATP synthase, assembly of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS), inner membrane remodelling by a dynamin-related GTPase (Mgm1/OPA1), and modulation of the mitochondrial lipid composition. In this review, we describe the function of the evolutionarily conserved machineries involved in mitochondrial cristae biogenesis with a focus on yeast and present current models to explain how their coordinated activities establish mitochondrial membrane architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Klecker
- Institut für Zellbiologie, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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24
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Iovine JC, Claypool SM, Alder NN. Mitochondrial compartmentalization: emerging themes in structure and function. Trends Biochem Sci 2021; 46:902-917. [PMID: 34244035 PMCID: PMC11008732 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Within cellular structures, compartmentalization is the concept of spatial segregation of macromolecules, metabolites, and biochemical pathways. Therefore, this concept bridges organellar structure and function. Mitochondria are morphologically complex, partitioned into several subcompartments by a topologically elaborate two-membrane system. They are also dynamically polymorphic, undergoing morphogenesis events with an extent and frequency that is only now being appreciated. Thus, mitochondrial compartmentalization is something that must be considered both spatially and temporally. Here, we review new developments in how mitochondrial structure is established and regulated, the factors that underpin the distribution of lipids and proteins, and how they spatially demarcate locations of myriad mitochondrial processes. Consistent with its pre-eminence, disturbed mitochondrial compartmentalization contributes to the dysfunction associated with heritable and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Iovine
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Steven M Claypool
- Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Nathan N Alder
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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25
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Li L, Conradson DM, Bharat V, Kim MJ, Hsieh CH, Minhas PS, Papakyrikos AM, Durairaj AS, Ludlam A, Andreasson KI, Partridge L, Cianfrocco MA, Wang X. A mitochondrial membrane-bridging machinery mediates signal transduction of intramitochondrial oxidation. Nat Metab 2021; 3:1242-1258. [PMID: 34504353 PMCID: PMC8460615 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00443-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main site for generating reactive oxygen species, which are key players in diverse biological processes. However, the molecular pathways of redox signal transduction from the matrix to the cytosol are poorly defined. Here we report an inside-out redox signal of mitochondria. Cysteine oxidation of MIC60, an inner mitochondrial membrane protein, triggers the formation of disulfide bonds and the physical association of MIC60 with Miro, an outer mitochondrial membrane protein. The oxidative structural change of this membrane-crossing complex ultimately elicits cellular responses that delay mitophagy, impair cellular respiration and cause oxidative stress. Blocking the MIC60-Miro interaction or reducing either protein, genetically or pharmacologically, extends lifespan and health-span of healthy fruit flies, and benefits multiple models of Parkinson's disease and Friedreich's ataxia. Our discovery provides a molecular basis for common treatment strategies against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Devon M Conradson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vinita Bharat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Min Joo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chung-Han Hsieh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Paras S Minhas
- Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Neurosciences Intradepartmental Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amanda M Papakyrikos
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Anthony Ludlam
- Life Sciences Institute & Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katrin I Andreasson
- Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Linda Partridge
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael A Cianfrocco
- Life Sciences Institute & Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xinnan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Maternal & Child Health Research Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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26
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Pánek T, Eliáš M, Vancová M, Lukeš J, Hashimi H. Returning to the Fold for Lessons in Mitochondrial Crista Diversity and Evolution. Curr Biol 2021; 30:R575-R588. [PMID: 32428499 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cristae are infoldings of the mitochondrial inner membrane jutting into the organelle's innermost compartment from narrow stems at their base called crista junctions. They are emblematic of aerobic mitochondria, being the fabric for the molecular machinery driving cellular respiration. Electron microscopy revealed that diverse eukaryotes possess cristae of different shapes. Yet, crista diversity has not been systematically examined in light of our current knowledge about eukaryotic evolution. Since crista form and function are intricately linked, we take a holistic view of factors that may underlie both crista diversity and the adherence of cristae to a recognizable form. Based on electron micrographs of 226 species from all major lineages, we propose a rational crista classification system that postulates cristae as variations of two general morphotypes: flat and tubulo-vesicular. The latter is most prevalent and likely ancestral, but both morphotypes are found interspersed throughout the eukaryotic tree. In contrast, crista junctions are remarkably conserved, supporting their proposed role as diffusion barriers that sequester cristae contents. Since cardiolipin, ATP synthase dimers, the MICOS complex, and dynamin-like Opa1/Mgm1 are known to be involved in shaping cristae, we examined their variation in the context of crista diversity. Moreover, we have identified both commonalities and differences that may collectively be manifested as diverse variations of crista form and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Pánek
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava 710 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Eliáš
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava 710 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Vancová
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Julius Lukeš
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Hassan Hashimi
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic.
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27
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Mukherjee I, Ghosh M, Meinecke M. MICOS and the mitochondrial inner membrane morphology - when things get out of shape. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:1159-1183. [PMID: 33837538 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in cellular signalling, metabolism and energetics. Proper architecture and remodelling of the inner mitochondrial membrane are essential for efficient respiration, apoptosis and quality control in the cell. Several protein complexes including mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS), F1 FO -ATP synthase, and Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1), facilitate formation, maintenance and stability of cristae membranes. MICOS, the F1 FO -ATP synthase, OPA1 and inner membrane phospholipids such as cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine interact with each other to organize the inner membrane ultra-structure and remodel cristae in response to the cell's demands. Functional alterations in these proteins or in the biosynthesis pathway of cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine result in an aberrant inner membrane architecture and impair mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormalities hallmark several human conditions and diseases including neurodegeneration, cardiomyopathies and diabetes mellitus. Yet, they have long been regarded as secondary pathological effects. This review discusses emerging evidence of a direct relationship between protein- and lipid-dependent regulation of the inner mitochondrial membrane morphology and diseases such as fatal encephalopathy, Leigh syndrome, Parkinson's disease, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Mukherjee
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mausumi Ghosh
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Meinecke
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany.,Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften - GZMB, Göttingen, Germany
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28
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Urbach J, Kondadi AK, David C, Naha R, Deinert K, Reichert AS, Anand R. Conserved GxxxG and WN motifs of MIC13 are essential for bridging two MICOS subcomplexes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1863:183683. [PMID: 34271005 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial ultrastructure is highly adaptable and undergoes dynamic changes upon physiological and energetic cues. MICOS (mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system), a large oligomeric protein complex, maintains mitochondrial ultrastructure as it is required for formation of crista junctions (CJs) and contact sites. MIC13 acts as a critical bridge between two MICOS subcomplexes. Deletion of MIC13 causes loss of CJs resulting in cristae accumulating as concentric rings and specific destabilization of the MIC10-subcomplex. Mutations in MIC13 are associated with infantile lethal mitochondrial hepato-encephalopathy, yet functional regions within MIC13 were not known. To identify and characterize such regions, we systemically generated 20 amino-acids deletion variants across the length of MIC13. While deletion of many of these regions of MIC13 is dispensable for its stability, the N-terminal region and a stretch between amino acid residues 84 and 103 are necessary for the stability and functionality of MIC13. We could further locate conserved motifs within these regions and found that a GxxxG motif in the N-terminal transmembrane segment and an internal WN motif are essential for stability of MIC13, formation of the MIC10-subcomplex, interaction with MIC10- and MIC60-subcomplexes and maintenance of cristae morphology. The GxxxG motif is required for membrane insertion of MIC13. Overall, we systematically found important conserved residues of MIC13 that are required to perform the bridging between the two MICOS subcomplexes. The study improves our understanding of the basic molecular function of MIC13 and has implications for its role in the pathogenesis of a severe mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Urbach
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Arun Kumar Kondadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Céline David
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Ritam Naha
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Kim Deinert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Ruchika Anand
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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29
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Emerging Roles of the MICOS Complex in Cristae Dynamics and Biogenesis. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10070600. [PMID: 34209580 PMCID: PMC8301002 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Mitochondria possess an outer and inner membrane. The part of the inner membrane parallel to the outer membrane is termed the inner boundary membrane, while the cristae membrane folds towards the mitochondrial matrix and houses the respiratory chain complexes. Crista junctions are located at the interface of the inner boundary membrane and the cristae membrane and contain the important ‘mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system’ complex. Despite the growing evidence that the mitochondrial inner membrane could remodel, cristae membranes were largely considered static for nearly seventy years, as the observations were mostly based on electron microscopy and tomography. Recently, using fluorescence super-resolution techniques, several studies showed that cristae membranes undergo dynamic remodeling in living cells, and probably even fission and fusion of the inner membrane. In this review, we discuss the important recent literature conveying the emerging role of the MICOS complex in cristae dynamics and its relation to cristae biogenesis. As the aberrant inner membrane architecture is connected to various pathologies such as cardiomyopathies, neurodegeneration and diabetes, understanding the roles of various molecules connected with cristae biogenesis and dynamics would shed light on the pathophysiology, probably leading to therapeutics in the near future. Abstract Mitochondria are double membrane-enclosed organelles performing important cellular and metabolic functions such as ATP generation, heme biogenesis, apoptosis, ROS production and calcium buffering. The mitochondrial inner membrane (IM) is folded into cristae membranes (CMs) of variable shapes using molecular players including the ‘mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system’ (MICOS) complex, the dynamin-like GTPase OPA1, the F1FO ATP synthase and cardiolipin. Aberrant cristae structures are associated with different disorders such as diabetes, neurodegeneration, cancer and hepato-encephalopathy. In this review, we provide an updated view on cristae biogenesis by focusing on novel roles of the MICOS complex in cristae dynamics and shaping of cristae. For over seven decades, cristae were considered as static structures. It was recently shown that cristae constantly undergo rapid dynamic remodeling events. Several studies have re-oriented our perception on the dynamic internal ambience of mitochondrial compartments. In addition, we discuss the recent literature which sheds light on the still poorly understood aspect of cristae biogenesis, focusing on the role of MICOS and its subunits. Overall, we provide an integrated and updated view on the relation between the biogenesis of cristae and the novel aspect of cristae dynamics.
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30
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Cadena LR, Gahura O, Panicucci B, Zíková A, Hashimi H. Mitochondrial Contact Site and Cristae Organization System and F 1F O-ATP Synthase Crosstalk Is a Fundamental Property of Mitochondrial Cristae. mSphere 2021; 6:e0032721. [PMID: 34133204 PMCID: PMC8265648 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00327-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial cristae are polymorphic invaginations of the inner membrane that are the fabric of cellular respiration. Both the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organization system (MICOS) and the F1FO-ATP synthase are vital for sculpting cristae by opposing membrane-bending forces. While MICOS promotes negative curvature at crista junctions, dimeric F1FO-ATP synthase is crucial for positive curvature at crista rims. Crosstalk between these two complexes has been observed in baker's yeast, the model organism of the Opisthokonta supergroup. Here, we report that this property is conserved in Trypanosoma brucei, a member of the Discoba clade that separated from the Opisthokonta ∼2 billion years ago. Specifically, one of the paralogs of the core MICOS subunit Mic10 interacts with dimeric F1FO-ATP synthase, whereas the other core Mic60 subunit has a counteractive effect on F1FO-ATP synthase oligomerization. This is evocative of the nature of MICOS-F1FO-ATP synthase crosstalk in yeast, which is remarkable given the diversification that these two complexes have undergone during almost 2 eons of independent evolution. Furthermore, we identified a highly diverged, putative homolog of subunit e, which is essential for the stability of F1FO-ATP synthase dimers in yeast. Just like subunit e, it is preferentially associated with dimers and interacts with Mic10, and its silencing results in severe defects to cristae and the disintegration of F1FO-ATP synthase dimers. Our findings indicate that crosstalk between MICOS and dimeric F1FO-ATP synthase is a fundamental property impacting crista shape throughout eukaryotes. IMPORTANCE Mitochondria have undergone profound diversification in separate lineages that have radiated since the last common ancestor of eukaryotes some eons ago. Most eukaryotes are unicellular protists, including etiological agents of infectious diseases, like Trypanosoma brucei. Thus, the study of a broad range of protists can reveal fundamental features shared by all eukaryotes and lineage-specific innovations. Here, we report that two different protein complexes, MICOS and F1FO-ATP synthase, known to affect mitochondrial architecture, undergo crosstalk in T. brucei, just as in baker's yeast. This is remarkable considering that these complexes have otherwise undergone many changes during their almost 2 billion years of independent evolution. Thus, this crosstalk is a fundamental property needed to maintain proper mitochondrial structure even if the constituent players considerably diverged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Rudy Cadena
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Gahura
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Brian Panicucci
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Zíková
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Hassan Hashimi
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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31
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Mitochondria and Peroxisome Remodeling across Cytomegalovirus Infection Time Viewed through the Lens of Inter-ViSTA. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107943. [PMID: 32726614 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly all biological processes rely on the finely tuned coordination of protein interactions across cellular space and time. Accordingly, generating protein interactomes has become routine in biological studies, yet interpreting these datasets remains computationally challenging. Here, we introduce Inter-ViSTA (Interaction Visualization in Space and Time Analysis), a web-based platform that quickly builds animated protein interaction networks and automatically synthesizes information on protein abundances, functions, complexes, and subcellular localizations. Using Inter-ViSTA with proteomics and molecular virology, we define virus-host interactions for the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) anti-apoptotic protein, pUL37x1. We find that spatiotemporal controlled interactions underlie pUL37x1 functions, facilitating the pro-viral remodeling of mitochondria and peroxisomes during infection. Reciprocal isolations, microscopy, and genetic manipulations further characterize these associations, revealing the interplay between pUL37x1 and the MIB complex, which is critical for mitochondrial integrity. At the peroxisome, we show that pUL37x1 activates PEX11β to regulate fission, a key aspect of virus assembly and spread.
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32
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Tirrell PS, Nguyen KN, Luby-Phelps K, Friedman JR. MICOS subcomplexes assemble independently on the mitochondrial inner membrane in proximity to ER contact sites. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:211445. [PMID: 33053165 PMCID: PMC7545361 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202003024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MICOS is a conserved multisubunit complex that localizes to mitochondrial cristae junctions and organizes cristae positioning within the organelle. MICOS is organized into two independent subcomplexes; however, the mechanisms that dictate the assembly and spatial positioning of each MICOS subcomplex are poorly understood. Here, we determine that MICOS subcomplexes target independently of one another to sites on the inner mitochondrial membrane that are in proximity to contact sites between mitochondria and the ER. One subcomplex, composed of Mic27/Mic26/Mic10/Mic12, requires ERMES complex function for its assembly. In contrast, the principal MICOS component, Mic60, self-assembles and localizes in close proximity to the ER through an independent mechanism. We also find that Mic60 can uniquely redistribute adjacent to forced mitochondria-vacuole contact sites. Our data suggest that nonoverlapping properties of interorganelle contact sites provide spatial cues that enable MICOS assembly and ultimately lead to proper physical and functional organization of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker S Tirrell
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Kailey N Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Katherine Luby-Phelps
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jonathan R Friedman
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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33
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Acoba MG, Senoo N, Claypool SM. Phospholipid ebb and flow makes mitochondria go. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:151918. [PMID: 32614384 PMCID: PMC7401802 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202003131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, so much more than just being energy factories, also have the capacity to synthesize macromolecules including phospholipids, particularly cardiolipin (CL) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Phospholipids are vital constituents of mitochondrial membranes, impacting the plethora of functions performed by this organelle. Hence, the orchestrated movement of phospholipids to and from the mitochondrion is essential for cellular integrity. In this review, we capture recent advances in the field of mitochondrial phospholipid biosynthesis and trafficking, highlighting the significance of interorganellar communication, intramitochondrial contact sites, and lipid transfer proteins in maintaining membrane homeostasis. We then discuss the physiological functions of CL and PE, specifically how they associate with protein complexes in mitochondrial membranes to support bioenergetics and maintain mitochondrial architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Grace Acoba
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nanami Senoo
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Steven M Claypool
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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34
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Tarasenko D, Meinecke M. Protein-dependent membrane remodeling in mitochondrial morphology and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2021; 50:295-306. [PMID: 33527201 PMCID: PMC8071792 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-021-01501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cellular membranes can adopt a plethora of complex and beautiful shapes, most of which are believed to have evolved for a particular physiological reason. The closely entangled relationship between membrane morphology and cellular physiology is strikingly seen in membrane trafficking pathways. During clathrin-mediated endocytosis, for example, over the course of a minute, a patch of the more or less flat plasma membrane is remodeled into a highly curved clathrin-coated vesicle. Such vesicles are internalized by the cell to degrade or recycle plasma membrane receptors or to take up extracellular ligands. Other, steadier, membrane morphologies can be observed in organellar membranes like the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. In the case of mitochondria, which are double membrane-bound, ubiquitous organelles of eukaryotic cells, especially the mitochondrial inner membrane displays an intricated ultrastructure. It is highly folded and consequently has a much larger surface than the mitochondrial outer membrane. It can adopt different shapes in response to cellular demands and changes of the inner membrane morphology often accompany severe diseases, including neurodegenerative- and metabolic diseases and cancer. In recent years, progress was made in the identification of molecules that are important for the aforementioned membrane remodeling events. In this review, we will sum up recent results and discuss the main players of membrane remodeling processes that lead to the mitochondrial inner membrane ultrastructure and in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. We will compare differences and similarities between the molecular mechanisms that peripheral and integral membrane proteins use to deform membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryna Tarasenko
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Meinecke
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
- Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften - GZMB, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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Abstract
Cellular membranes are anything but flat structures. They display a wide variety of complex and beautiful shapes, most of which have evolved for a particular physiological reason and are adapted to accommodate certain cellular demands. In membrane trafficking events, the dynamic remodelling of cellular membranes is apparent. In clathrin-mediated endocytosis for example, the plasma membrane undergoes heavy deformation to generate and internalize a highly curved clathrin-coated vesicle. This process has become a model system to study proteins with the ability to sense and induce membrane curvature and over the last two decades numerous membrane remodelling molecules and molecular mechanisms have been identified in this process. In this review, we discuss the interaction of epsin1 ENTH domain with membranes, which is one of the best-studied examples of a peripheral and transiently membrane bending protein important for clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Steinem
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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36
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Weissert V, Rieger B, Morris S, Arroum T, Psathaki OE, Zobel T, Perkins G, Busch KB. Inhibition of the mitochondrial ATPase function by IF1 changes the spatiotemporal organization of ATP synthase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148322. [PMID: 33065099 PMCID: PMC7718977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
• Mitochondrial F1FO ATP synthase is the key enzyme for mitochondrial bioenergetics. Dimeric F1FO-ATP synthase, is preferentially located at the edges of the cristae and its oligomerization state determines mitochondrial ultrastructure. The ATP synthase inhibitor protein IF1 modulates not only ATP synthase activity but also regulates both the structure and function of mitochondria. In order to understand this in more detail, we have investigated the effect of IF1 on the spatiotemporal organization of the ATP synthase. Stable cell lines were generated that overexpressed IF1 and constitutively active IF1-H49K. The expression of IF1-H49K induced a change in the localization and mobility of the ATP synthase as analyzed by single molecule tracking and localization microscopy (TALM). In addition, the ultrastructure and function of mitochondria in cells with higher levels of active IF1 displayed a gradual alteration. In state III, cristae structures were significantly altered. The inhibition of the hydrolase activity of the F1FO-ATP synthase by IF1 together with altered inner mitochondrial membrane caused re-localization and altered mobility of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Weissert
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics, Integrated Bioimaging Facility, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Bettina Rieger
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Silke Morris
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Tasnim Arroum
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Olympia Ekaterini Psathaki
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics, Integrated Bioimaging Facility, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Thomas Zobel
- Imaging Network, Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Guy Perkins
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Karin B Busch
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
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37
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Kroppen B, Teske N, Yambire KF, Denkert N, Mukherjee I, Tarasenko D, Jaipuria G, Zweckstetter M, Milosevic I, Steinem C, Meinecke M. Cooperativity of membrane-protein and protein-protein interactions control membrane remodeling by epsin 1 and affects clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:2355-2370. [PMID: 32997199 PMCID: PMC7966211 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03647-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Membrane remodeling is a critical process for many membrane trafficking events, including clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Several molecular mechanisms for protein-induced membrane curvature have been described in some detail. Contrary, the effect that the physico-chemical properties of the membrane have on these processes is far less well understood. Here, we show that the membrane binding and curvature-inducing ENTH domain of epsin1 is regulated by phosphatidylserine (PS). ENTH binds to membranes in a PI(4,5)P2-dependent manner but only induces curvature in the presence of PS. On PS-containing membranes, the ENTH domain forms rigid homo-oligomers and assembles into clusters. Membrane binding and membrane remodeling can be separated by structure-to-function mutants. Such oligomerization mutants bind to membranes but do not show membrane remodeling activity. In vivo, they are not able to rescue defects in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) endocytosis in epsin knock-down cells. Together, these data show that the membrane lipid composition is important for the regulation of protein-dependent membrane deformation during clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kroppen
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nelli Teske
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - King F Yambire
- European Neuroscience Institute, Göttingen - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max-Planck-Society, Grisebachstr. 5, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Niels Denkert
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Indrani Mukherjee
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daryna Tarasenko
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Garima Jaipuria
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Zweckstetter
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ira Milosevic
- European Neuroscience Institute, Göttingen - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max-Planck-Society, Grisebachstr. 5, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Claudia Steinem
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
- Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften - GZMB, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Faßberg 17, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Michael Meinecke
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
- Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften - GZMB, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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38
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Kondadi AK, Anand R, Reichert AS. Cristae Membrane Dynamics - A Paradigm Change. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:923-936. [PMID: 32978040 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that have essential metabolic and regulatory functions. Earlier studies using electron microscopy (EM) revealed an immense diversity in the architecture of cristae - infoldings of the mitochondrial inner membrane (IM) - in different cells, tissues, bioenergetic and metabolic conditions, and during apoptosis. However, cristae were considered to be largely static entities. Recently, advanced super-resolution techniques have revealed that cristae are independent bioenergetic units that are highly dynamic and remodel on a timescale of seconds. These advances, coupled with mechanistic and structural studies on key molecular players, such as the MICOS (mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system) complex and the dynamin-like GTPase OPA1, have changed our view on mitochondria in a fundamental way. We summarize these recent findings and discuss their functional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Kondadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Ruchika Anand
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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39
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Transmembrane BAX Inhibitor-1 Motif Containing Protein 5 (TMBIM5) Sustains Mitochondrial Structure, Shape, and Function by Impacting the Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis Machinery. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102147. [PMID: 32977469 PMCID: PMC7598220 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Transmembrane Bax Inhibitor-1 motif (TMBIM)-containing protein family is evolutionarily conserved and has been implicated in cell death susceptibility. The only member with a mitochondrial localization is TMBIM5 (also known as GHITM or MICS1), which affects cristae organization and associates with the Parkinson's disease-associated protein CHCHD2 in the inner mitochondrial membrane. We here used CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout HAP1 cells to shed further light on the function of TMBIM5 in physiology and cell death susceptibility. We found that compared to wild type, TMBIM5-knockout cells were smaller and had a slower proliferation rate. In these cells, mitochondria were more fragmented with a vacuolar cristae structure. In addition, the mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced and respiration was attenuated, leading to a reduced mitochondrial ATP generation. TMBIM5 did not associate with Mic10 and Mic60, which are proteins of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS), nor did TMBIM5 knockout affect their expression levels. TMBIM5-knockout cells were more sensitive to apoptosis elicited by staurosporine and BH3 mimetic inhibitors of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. An unbiased proteomic comparison identified a dramatic downregulation of proteins involved in the mitochondrial protein synthesis machinery in TMBIM5-knockout cells. We conclude that TMBIM5 is important to maintain the mitochondrial structure and function possibly through the control of mitochondrial biogenesis.
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40
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Royes J, Biou V, Dautin N, Tribet C, Miroux B. Inducible intracellular membranes: molecular aspects and emerging applications. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:176. [PMID: 32887610 PMCID: PMC7650269 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01433-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane remodeling and phospholipid biosynthesis are normally tightly regulated to maintain the shape and function of cells. Indeed, different physiological mechanisms ensure a precise coordination between de novo phospholipid biosynthesis and modulation of membrane morphology. Interestingly, the overproduction of certain membrane proteins hijack these regulation networks, leading to the formation of impressive intracellular membrane structures in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The proteins triggering an abnormal accumulation of membrane structures inside the cells (or membrane proliferation) share two major common features: (1) they promote the formation of highly curved membrane domains and (2) they lead to an enrichment in anionic, cone-shaped phospholipids (cardiolipin or phosphatidic acid) in the newly formed membranes. Taking into account the available examples of membrane proliferation upon protein overproduction, together with the latest biochemical, biophysical and structural data, we explore the relationship between protein synthesis and membrane biogenesis. We propose a mechanism for the formation of these non-physiological intracellular membranes that shares similarities with natural inner membrane structures found in α-proteobacteria, mitochondria and some viruses-infected cells, pointing towards a conserved feature through evolution. We hope that the information discussed in this review will give a better grasp of the biophysical mechanisms behind physiological and induced intracellular membrane proliferation, and inspire new applications, either for academia (high-yield membrane protein production and nanovesicle production) or industry (biofuel production and vaccine preparation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Royes
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, Université de Paris, LBPC-PM, CNRS, UMR7099, 75005, Paris, France. .,Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild pour le Développement de la Recherche Scientifique, 75005, Paris, France. .,Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PASTEUR, PSL University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Valérie Biou
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, Université de Paris, LBPC-PM, CNRS, UMR7099, 75005, Paris, France.,Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild pour le Développement de la Recherche Scientifique, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Dautin
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, Université de Paris, LBPC-PM, CNRS, UMR7099, 75005, Paris, France.,Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild pour le Développement de la Recherche Scientifique, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Tribet
- Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PASTEUR, PSL University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Miroux
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, Université de Paris, LBPC-PM, CNRS, UMR7099, 75005, Paris, France. .,Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild pour le Développement de la Recherche Scientifique, 75005, Paris, France.
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41
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Abstract
The mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) is a multisubunit protein complex that is essential for the proper architecture of the mitochondrial inner membrane. MICOS plays a key role in establishing and maintaining crista junctions, tubular or slit-like structures that connect the cristae membrane with the inner boundary membrane, thereby ensuring a contiguous inner membrane. MICOS is enriched at crista junctions, but the detailed distribution of its subunits around crista junctions is unclear because such small length scales are inaccessible with established fluorescence microscopy. By targeting individually activated fluorophores with an excitation beam featuring a central zero-intensity point, the nanoscopy method called MINFLUX delivers single-digit nanometer-scale three-dimensional (3D) resolution and localization precision. We employed MINFLUX nanoscopy to investigate the submitochondrial localization of the core MICOS subunit Mic60 in relation to two other MICOS proteins, Mic10 and Mic19. We demonstrate that dual-color 3D MINFLUX nanoscopy is applicable to the imaging of organellar substructures, yielding a 3D localization precision of ∼5 nm in human mitochondria. This isotropic precision facilitated the development of an analysis framework that assigns localization clouds to individual molecules, thus eliminating a source of bias when drawing quantitative conclusions from single-molecule localization microscopy data. MINFLUX recordings of Mic60 indicate ringlike arrangements of multiple molecules with a diameter of 40 to 50 nm, suggesting that Mic60 surrounds individual crista junctions. Statistical analysis of dual-color MINFLUX images demonstrates that Mic19 is generally in close proximity to Mic60, whereas the spatial coordination of Mic10 with Mic60 is less regular, suggesting structural heterogeneity of MICOS.
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42
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Stephan T, Brüser C, Deckers M, Steyer AM, Balzarotti F, Barbot M, Behr TS, Heim G, Hübner W, Ilgen P, Lange F, Pacheu-Grau D, Pape JK, Stoldt S, Huser T, Hell SW, Möbius W, Rehling P, Riedel D, Jakobs S. MICOS assembly controls mitochondrial inner membrane remodeling and crista junction redistribution to mediate cristae formation. EMBO J 2020; 39:e104105. [PMID: 32567732 PMCID: PMC7361284 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019104105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial function is critically dependent on the folding of the mitochondrial inner membrane into cristae; indeed, numerous human diseases are associated with aberrant crista morphologies. With the MICOS complex, OPA1 and the F1 Fo -ATP synthase, key players of cristae biogenesis have been identified, yet their interplay is poorly understood. Harnessing super-resolution light and 3D electron microscopy, we dissect the roles of these proteins in the formation of cristae in human mitochondria. We individually disrupted the genes of all seven MICOS subunits in human cells and re-expressed Mic10 or Mic60 in the respective knockout cell line. We demonstrate that assembly of the MICOS complex triggers remodeling of pre-existing unstructured cristae and de novo formation of crista junctions (CJs) on existing cristae. We show that the Mic60-subcomplex is sufficient for CJ formation, whereas the Mic10-subcomplex controls lamellar cristae biogenesis. OPA1 stabilizes tubular CJs and, along with the F1 Fo -ATP synthase, fine-tunes the positioning of the MICOS complex and CJs. We propose a new model of cristae formation, involving the coordinated remodeling of an unstructured crista precursor into multiple lamellar cristae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Stephan
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Brüser
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Deckers
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anna M Steyer
- Department of Neurogenetics, Electron Microscopy Core Unit, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Francisco Balzarotti
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mariam Barbot
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tiana S Behr
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gudrun Heim
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hübner
- Department of Physics, University Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Peter Ilgen
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felix Lange
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - David Pacheu-Grau
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jasmin K Pape
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Stoldt
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Huser
- Department of Physics, University Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Stefan W Hell
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Department of Neurogenetics, Electron Microscopy Core Unit, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rehling
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Riedel
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jakobs
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Clinic of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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Colina-Tenorio L, Horten P, Pfanner N, Rampelt H. Shaping the mitochondrial inner membrane in health and disease. J Intern Med 2020; 287:645-664. [PMID: 32012363 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play central roles in cellular energetics, metabolism and signalling. Efficient respiration, mitochondrial quality control, apoptosis and inheritance of mitochondrial DNA depend on the proper architecture of the mitochondrial membranes and a dynamic remodelling of inner membrane cristae. Defects in mitochondrial architecture can result in severe human diseases affecting predominantly the nervous system and the heart. Inner membrane morphology is generated and maintained in particular by the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS), the F1 Fo -ATP synthase, the fusion protein OPA1/Mgm1 and the nonbilayer-forming phospholipids cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine. These protein complexes and phospholipids are embedded in a network of functional interactions. They communicate with each other and additional factors, enabling them to balance different aspects of cristae biogenesis and to dynamically remodel the inner mitochondrial membrane. Genetic alterations disturbing these membrane-shaping factors can lead to human pathologies including fatal encephalopathy, dominant optic atrophy, Leigh syndrome, Parkinson's disease and Barth syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Colina-Tenorio
- From the, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - P Horten
- From the, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - N Pfanner
- From the, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - H Rampelt
- From the, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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PI(4,5)P 2-dependent regulation of exocytosis by amisyn, the vertebrate-specific competitor of synaptobrevin 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:13468-13479. [PMID: 32467162 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1908232117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The functions of nervous and neuroendocrine systems rely on fast and tightly regulated release of neurotransmitters stored in secretory vesicles through SNARE-mediated exocytosis. Few proteins, including tomosyn (STXBP5) and amisyn (STXBP6), were proposed to negatively regulate exocytosis. Little is known about amisyn, a 24-kDa brain-enriched protein with a SNARE motif. We report here that full-length amisyn forms a stable SNARE complex with syntaxin-1 and SNAP-25 through its C-terminal SNARE motif and competes with synaptobrevin-2/VAMP2 for the SNARE-complex assembly. Furthermore, amisyn contains an N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain that mediates its transient association with the plasma membrane of neurosecretory cells by binding to phospholipid PI(4,5)P2 However, unlike synaptrobrevin-2, the SNARE motif of amisyn is not sufficient to account for the role of amisyn in exocytosis: Both the pleckstrin homology domain and the SNARE motif are needed for its inhibitory function. Mechanistically, amisyn interferes with the priming of secretory vesicles and the sizes of releasable vesicle pools, but not vesicle fusion properties. Our biochemical and functional analyses of this vertebrate-specific protein unveil key aspects of negative regulation of exocytosis.
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Khosravi S, Harner ME. The MICOS complex, a structural element of mitochondria with versatile functions. Biol Chem 2020; 401:765-778. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractMitochondria perform a plethora of functions in various cells of different tissues. Their architecture differs remarkably, for instance in neurons versus steroidogenic cells. Furthermore, aberrant mitochondrial architecture results in mitochondrial dysfunction. This indicates strongly that mitochondrial architecture and function are intimately linked. Therefore, a deep knowledge about the determinants of mitochondrial architecture and their function on a molecular level is of utmost importance. In the past decades, various proteins and protein complexes essential for formation of mitochondrial architecture have been identified. Here we will review the current knowledge of the MICOS complex, one of the major structural elements of mitochondria. MICOS is a multi-subunit complex present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Multiple interaction partners in the inner and outer mitochondrial membrane point to participation in a multitude of important processes, such as generation of mitochondrial architecture, lipid metabolism, and protein import into mitochondria. Since the MICOS complex is highly conserved in form and function throughout evolution, we will highlight the importance of MICOS for mammals. We will emphasize in particular the current knowledge of the association of MICOS with severe human diseases, including Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 2, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Frontotemporal Dementia and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Khosravi
- Department of Cell Biology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Großhaderner Str. 9, Planegg/Martinsried, MunichD-82152, Germany
| | - Max E. Harner
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Großhaderner Str. 9, Planegg/Martinsried, MunichD-82152, Germany
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Kondadi AK, Anand R, Hänsch S, Urbach J, Zobel T, Wolf DM, Segawa M, Liesa M, Shirihai OS, Weidtkamp-Peters S, Reichert AS. Cristae undergo continuous cycles of membrane remodelling in a MICOS-dependent manner. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e49776. [PMID: 32067344 PMCID: PMC7054676 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201949776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial inner membrane can reshape under different physiological conditions. How, at which frequency this occurs in living cells, and the molecular players involved are unknown. Here, we show using state-of-the-art live-cell stimulated emission depletion (STED) super-resolution nanoscopy that neighbouring crista junctions (CJs) dynamically appose and separate from each other in a reversible and balanced manner in human cells. Staining of cristae membranes (CM), using various protein markers or two lipophilic inner membrane-specific dyes, further revealed that cristae undergo continuous cycles of membrane remodelling. These events are accompanied by fluctuations of the membrane potential within distinct cristae over time. Both CJ and CM dynamics depended on MIC13 and occurred at similar timescales in the range of seconds. Our data further suggest that MIC60 acts as a docking platform promoting CJ and contact site formation. Overall, by employing advanced imaging techniques including fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), single-particle tracking (SPT), live-cell STED and high-resolution Airyscan microscopy, we propose a model of CJ dynamics being mechanistically linked to CM remodelling representing cristae membrane fission and fusion events occurring within individual mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Kondadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruchika Anand
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hänsch
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Center for Advanced Imaging, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer Urbach
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Zobel
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Center for Advanced Imaging, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dane M Wolf
- Department of Medicine, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, Evans Biomedical Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mayuko Segawa
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marc Liesa
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Orian S Shirihai
- Department of Medicine, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, Evans Biomedical Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stefanie Weidtkamp-Peters
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Center for Advanced Imaging, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Abstract
Owing to their ability to efficiently generate ATP required to sustain normal cell function, mitochondria are often considered the 'powerhouses of the cell'. However, our understanding of the role of mitochondria in cell biology recently expanded when we recognized that they are key platforms for a plethora of cell signalling cascades. This functional versatility is tightly coupled to constant reshaping of the cellular mitochondrial network in a series of processes, collectively referred to as mitochondrial membrane dynamics and involving organelle fusion and fission (division) as well as ultrastructural remodelling of the membrane. Accordingly, mitochondrial dynamics influence and often orchestrate not only metabolism but also complex cell signalling events, such as those involved in regulating cell pluripotency, division, differentiation, senescence and death. Reciprocally, mitochondrial membrane dynamics are extensively regulated by post-translational modifications of its machinery and by the formation of membrane contact sites between mitochondria and other organelles, both of which have the capacity to integrate inputs from various pathways. Here, we discuss mitochondrial membrane dynamics and their regulation and describe how bioenergetics and cellular signalling are linked to these dynamic changes of mitochondrial morphology.
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Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles of eukaryotic cells. They consist of hundreds of different proteins that exhibit crucial activities in respiration, catabolic metabolism and the synthesis of amino acids, lipids, heme and iron-sulfur clusters. With the exception of a handful of hydrophobic mitochondrially encoded membrane proteins, all these proteins are synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes, targeted to receptors on the mitochondrial surface, and transported across or inserted into the outer and inner mitochondrial membrane before they are folded and assembled into their final native structure. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and components of the mitochondrial protein import systems with a particular focus on recent developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja G Hansen
- Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Johannes M Herrmann
- Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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Kilisch M, Mayer S, Mitkovski M, Roehse H, Hentrich J, Schwappach B, Papadopoulos T. A GTPase-induced switch in phospholipid affinity of collybistin contributes to synaptic gephyrin clustering. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs.232835. [PMID: 31932505 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.232835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic transmission between neurons relies on the exact spatial organization of postsynaptic transmitter receptors, which are recruited and positioned by dedicated scaffolding and regulatory proteins. At GABAergic synapses, the regulatory protein collybistin (Cb, also known as ARHGEF9) interacts with small GTPases, cell adhesion proteins and phosphoinositides to recruit the scaffolding protein gephyrin and GABAA receptors to nascent synapses. We dissected the interaction of Cb with the small Rho-like GTPase TC10 (also known as RhoQ) and phospholipids. Our data define a protein-lipid interaction network that controls the clustering of gephyrin at synapses. Within this network, TC10 and monophosphorylated phosphoinositides, particulary phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), provide a coincidence detection platform that allows the accumulation and activation of Cb in endomembranes. Upon activation, TC10 induces a phospholipid affinity switch in Cb, which allows Cb to specifically interact with phosphoinositide species present at the plasma membrane. We propose that this GTPase-based regulatory switch mechanism represents an important step in the process of tethering of Cb-dependent scaffolds and receptors at nascent postsynapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kilisch
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Simone Mayer
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein Str. 3, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Miso Mitkovski
- MPI-EM Light Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein Str. 3, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Heiko Roehse
- MPI-EM Light Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein Str. 3, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Jennifer Hentrich
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Blanche Schwappach
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Theofilos Papadopoulos
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, Göttingen 37073, Germany
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50
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Eramo MJ, Lisnyak V, Formosa LE, Ryan MT. The ‘mitochondrial contact site and cristae organising system’ (MICOS) in health and human disease. J Biochem 2019; 167:243-255. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvz111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe ‘mitochondrial contact site and cristae organising system’ (MICOS) is an essential protein complex that promotes the formation, maintenance and stability of mitochondrial cristae. As such, loss of core MICOS components disrupts cristae structure and impairs mitochondrial function. Aberrant mitochondrial cristae morphology and diminished mitochondrial function is a pathological hallmark observed across many human diseases such as neurodegenerative conditions, obesity and diabetes mellitus, cardiomyopathy, and in muscular dystrophies and myopathies. While mitochondrial abnormalities are often an associated secondary effect to the pathological disease process, a direct role for the MICOS in health and human disease is emerging. This review describes the role of MICOS in the maintenance of mitochondrial architecture and summarizes both the direct and associated roles of the MICOS in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Eramo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, 23 Innovation Walk, Monash University, 3800 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Valerie Lisnyak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, 23 Innovation Walk, Monash University, 3800 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luke E Formosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, 23 Innovation Walk, Monash University, 3800 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, 23 Innovation Walk, Monash University, 3800 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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