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Carroll SL, Pasare C, Barton GM. Control of adaptive immunity by pattern recognition receptors. Immunity 2024; 57:632-648. [PMID: 38599163 PMCID: PMC11037560 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
One of the most significant conceptual advances in immunology in recent history is the recognition that signals from the innate immune system are required for induction of adaptive immune responses. Two breakthroughs were critical in establishing this paradigm: the identification of dendritic cells (DCs) as the cellular link between innate and adaptive immunity and the discovery of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) as a molecular link that controls innate immune activation as well as DC function. Here, we recount the key events leading to these discoveries and discuss our current understanding of how PRRs shape adaptive immune responses, both indirectly through control of DC function and directly through control of lymphocyte function. In this context, we provide a conceptual framework for how variation in the signals generated by PRR activation, in DCs or other cell types, can influence T cell differentiation and shape the ensuing adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaina L Carroll
- Division of Immunology & Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Chandrashekhar Pasare
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Gregory M Barton
- Division of Immunology & Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
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2
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Flynn PA, Long MD, Kosaka Y, Long N, Mulkey JS, Coy JL, Agarwal A, Lind EF. Leukemic mutation FLT3-ITD is retained in dendritic cells and disrupts their homeostasis leading to expanded Th17 frequency. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1297338. [PMID: 38495876 PMCID: PMC10943691 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1297338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are mediators between innate and adaptive immune responses to pathogens and tumors. DC development is determined by signaling through the receptor tyrosine kinase Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) in bone marrow myeloid progenitors. Recently the naming conventions for DC phenotypes have been updated to distinguish between "Conventional" DCs (cDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). Activating mutations of FLT3, including Internal Tandem Duplication (FLT3-ITD), are associated with poor prognosis for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Having a shared myeloid lineage it can be difficult to distinguish bone fide DCs from AML tumor cells. To date, there is little information on the effects of FLT3-ITD in DC biology. To further elucidate this relationship we utilized CITE-seq technology in combination with flow cytometry and multiplex immunoassays to measure changes to DCs in human and mouse tissues. We examined the cDC phenotype and frequency in bone marrow aspirates from patients with AML to understand the changes to cDCs associated with FLT3-ITD. When compared to healthy donor (HD) we found that a subset of FLT3-ITD+ AML patient samples have overrepresented populations of cDCs and disrupted phenotypes. Using a mouse model of FLT3-ITD+ AML, we found that cDCs were increased in percentage and number compared to control wild-type (WT) mice. Single cell RNA-seq identified FLT3-ITD+ cDCs as skewed towards a cDC2 T-bet- phenotype, previously shown to promote Th17 T cells. We assessed the phenotypes of CD4+ T cells in the AML mice and found significant enrichment of both Treg and Th17 CD4+ T cells in the bone marrow and spleen compartments. Ex vivo stimulation of CD4+ T cells also showed increased Th17 phenotype in AML mice. Moreover, co-culture of AML mouse-derived DCs and naïve OT-II cells preferentially skewed T cells into a Th17 phenotype. Together, our data suggests that FLT3-ITD+ leukemia-associated cDCs polarize CD4+ T cells into Th17 subsets, a population that has been shown to be negatively associated with survival in solid tumor contexts. This illustrates the complex tumor microenvironment of AML and highlights the need for further investigation into the effects of FLT3-ITD mutations on DC phenotypes and their downstream effects on Th polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A. Flynn
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Mark D. Long
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Yoko Kosaka
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Nicola Long
- Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jessica S. Mulkey
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jesse L. Coy
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Evan F. Lind
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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3
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Berd D. Portrait of an autologous cancer vaccine: Then and now. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2172925. [PMID: 36755486 PMCID: PMC10012894 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2172925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Active immunotherapy of cancer with therapeutic vaccines has been the subject of experimental and clinical studies for at least 50 years. Our approach has employed 1) autologous, human cancer cells because of extensive evidence that tumor rejection antigens may differ between multiple tumors of the same histology; 2) the immunopotentiating drug, cyclophosphamide; and 3) haptens, particularly dinitrophenyl. Multiple clinical trials in 455 patients with melanoma and ovarian cancer have shown that administration of haptenized vaccines at the proper dosage-schedule regularly induces T cell-mediated immunity to autologous tumor cells as measured by delayed-type hypersensitivity. Moreover, the vaccine causes changes in the tumor site suggestive of an immune reaction, including inflammation and infiltration with CD8+ T lymphocytes that are activated and produce cytokines. The T cell response is oligoclonal, and dominant Vβ families differ between patients. Studies of measurable metastases show clinically important tumor regression. Commercial development of this technology is clearly feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Berd
- Biovaxys Technology Corp, Etobicoke, ON, Canada
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4
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In H, Park JS, Shin HS, Ryu SH, Sohn M, Choi W, Park S, Hwang S, Park J, Che L, Kim TG, Chu MK, Na HY, Park CG. Identification of dendritic cell precursor from the CD11c + cells expressing high levels of MHC class II molecules in the culture of bone marrow with FLT3 ligand. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1179981. [PMID: 38094300 PMCID: PMC10716454 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1179981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are readily generated from the culture of mouse bone marrow (BM) treated with either granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3L). CD11c+MHCII+ or CD11c+MHCIIhi cells are routinely isolated from those BM cultures and generally used as in vitro-generated DCs for a variety of experiments and therapies. Here, we examined CD11c+ cells in the BM culture with GM-CSF or FLT3L by staining with a monoclonal antibody 2A1 that is known to recognize mature or activated DCs. Most of the cells within the CD11c+MHCIIhi DC gate were 2A1+ in the BM culture with GM-CSF (GM-BM culture). In the BM culture with FLT3L (FL-BM culture), almost of all the CD11c+MHCIIhi cells were within the classical DC2 (cDC2) gate. The analysis of FL-BM culture revealed that a majority of cDC2-gated CD11c+MHCIIhi cells exhibited a 2A1-CD83-CD115+CX3CR1+ phenotype, and the others consisted of 2A1+CD83+CD115-CX3CR1- and 2A1-CD83-CD115-CX3CR1- cells. According to the antigen uptake and presentation, morphologies, and gene expression profiles, 2A1-CD83-CD115-CX3CR1- cells were immature cDC2s and 2A1+CD83+CD115-CX3CR1- cells were mature cDC2s. Unexpectedly, however, 2A1-CD83-CD115+CX3CR1+ cells, the most abundant cDC2-gated MHCIIhi cell subset in FL-BM culture, were non-DCs. Adoptive cell transfer experiments in the FL-BM culture confirmed that the cDC2-gated MHCIIhi non-DCs were precursors to cDC2s, i.e., MHCIIhi pre-cDC2s. MHCIIhi pre-cDC2s also expressed the higher level of DC-specific transcription factor Zbtb46 as similarly as immature cDC2s. Besides, MHCIIhi pre-cDC2s were generated only from pre-cDCs and common DC progenitor (CDP) cells but not from monocytes and common monocyte progenitor (cMoP) cells, verifying that MHCIIhi pre-cDC2s are close lineage to cDCs. All in all, our study identified and characterized a new cDC precursor, exhibiting a CD11c+MHCIIhiCD115+CX3CR1+ phenotype, in FL-BM culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju In
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS/FOUR Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Soo Park
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS/FOUR Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Shin
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS/FOUR Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Hye Ryu
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS/FOUR Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moah Sohn
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS/FOUR Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanho Choi
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS/FOUR Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejung Park
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS/FOUR Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soomin Hwang
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS/FOUR Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeyun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Lihua Che
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS/FOUR Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Chu
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Young Na
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Gyu Park
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunology, The Good Capital Institute for Immunology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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5
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Yadav A, Yadav S, Alam MA. Immunotherapies landscape and associated inhibitors for the treatment of cervical cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:328. [PMID: 37815596 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most common form of cancer worldwide. There is a large number of situations that may be examined in the developing world. The risk of contracting HPV (Human Papillomavirus) due to poor sanitation and sexual activity is mostly to blame for the disease's alarming rate of expansion. Immunotherapy is widely regarded as one of the most effective medicines available. The immunotherapy used to treat cervical cancer cells relies on inhibitors that block the immune checkpoint. The poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymer inhibited cervical cancer cells by activating both the programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (CTLA-1) checkpoints, a strategy that has been shown to have impressive effects. Yet, immunotherapy directed towards tumors that have already been invaded by lymphocytes leaves a positive imprint on the healing process. Immunotherapy is used in conjunction with other treatments, including chemotherapy and radiation, to provide faster and more effective outcomes. In this combination therapy, several medications such as Pembrolizumab, Durvalumab, Atezolizumab, and so on are employed in clinical trials. Recent developments and future predictions suggest that vaccinations will soon be developed with the dual goal of reducing the patient's susceptibility to illness while simultaneously strengthening their immune system. Many clinical and preclinical studies are now investigating the effectiveness of immunotherapy in slowing the progression of cervical cancer. The field of immunotherapy is expected to witness more progress toward improving outcomes. Immunotherapies landscape and associated inhibitors for the treatment of Cervical Cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agrima Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shikha Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Plot No. 2, Sector 17-A, Yamuna Expressway, Gautam Buddh Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India.
| | - Md Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
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6
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Ohara RA, Murphy KM. The evolving biology of cross-presentation. Semin Immunol 2023; 66:101711. [PMID: 36645993 PMCID: PMC10931539 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cross-priming was first recognized in the context of in vivo cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses generated against minor histocompatibility antigens induced by immunization with lymphoid cells. Even though the basis for T cell antigen recognition was still largely unclear at that time, these early studies recognized the implication that such minor histocompatibility antigens were derived from the immunizing cells and were obtained exogenously by the host's antigen presenting cells (APCs) that directly prime the CTL response. As antigen recognition by the T cell receptor became understood to involve peptides derived from antigens processed by the APCs and presented by major histocompatibility molecules, the "cross-priming" phenomenon was subsequently recast as "cross-presentation" and the scope considered for examining this process gradually broadened to include many different forms of antigens, including soluble proteins, and different types of APCs that may not be involved in in vivo CTL priming. Many studies of cross-presentation have relied on in vitro cell models that were recently found to differ from in vivo APCs in particular mechanistic details. A recent trend has focused on the APCs and pathways of cross-presentation used in vivo, especially the type 1 dendritic cells. Current efforts are also being directed towards validating the in vivo role of various putative pathways and gene candidates in cross-presentation garnered from various in vitro studies and to determine the relative contributions they make to CTL responses across various forms of antigens and immunologic settings. Thus, cross-presentation appears to be carried by different pathways in various types of cells for different forms under different physiologic settings, which remain to be evaluated in an in vivo physiologic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray A Ohara
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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7
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Sjaastad FV, Huggins MA, Lucas ED, Skon-Hegg C, Swanson W, Martin MD, Salgado OC, Xu J, Pierson M, Dileepan T, Kucaba TA, Hamilton SE, Griffith TS. Reduced T Cell Priming in Microbially Experienced "Dirty" Mice Results from Limited IL-27 Production by XCR1+ Dendritic Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:2149-2159. [PMID: 36426978 PMCID: PMC10065988 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Successful vaccination strategies offer the potential for lifelong immunity against infectious diseases and cancer. There has been increased attention regarding the limited translation of some preclinical findings generated using specific pathogen-free (SPF) laboratory mice to humans. One potential reason for the difference between preclinical and clinical findings lies in maturation status of the immune system at the time of challenge. In this study, we used a "dirty" mouse model, where SPF laboratory mice were cohoused (CoH) with pet store mice to permit microbe transfer and immune system maturation, to investigate the priming of a naive T cell response after vaccination with a peptide subunit mixed with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid and agonistic anti-CD40 mAb. Although this vaccination platform induced robust antitumor immunity in SPF mice, it failed to do so in microbially experienced CoH mice. Subsequent investigation revealed that despite similar numbers of Ag-specific naive CD4 and CD8 T cell precursors, the expansion, differentiation, and recall responses of these CD4 and CD8 T cell populations in CoH mice were significantly reduced compared with SPF mice after vaccination. Evaluation of the dendritic cell compartment revealed reduced IL-27p28 expression by XCR1+ dendritic cells from CoH mice after vaccination, correlating with reduced T cell expansion. Importantly, administration of recombinant IL-27:EBI3 complex to CoH mice shortly after vaccination significantly boosted Ag-specific CD8 and CD4 T cell expansion, further implicating the defect to be T cell extrinsic. Collectively, our data show the potential limitation of exclusive use of SPF mice when testing vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances V Sjaastad
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Matthew A Huggins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Erin D Lucas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Cara Skon-Hegg
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Whitney Swanson
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Oscar C Salgado
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Julie Xu
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Mark Pierson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Thamotharampillai Dileepan
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Tamara A Kucaba
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Sara E Hamilton
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; and
| | - Thomas S Griffith
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; and
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN
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8
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Turnbull IR, Hess A, Fuchs A, Frazier EP, Ghosh S, Hughes SW, Kelly MP. Cellular immunophenotype of major spine surgery in adults. Spine Deform 2022; 10:1375-1384. [PMID: 35699911 DOI: 10.1007/s43390-022-00524-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE ASD reconstructions are a major, sterile traumatic insult, likely causing perturbations to the immune systems. The immune response to surgery is associated with outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine for a detectable immune signature associated with ASD surgery. METHODS Consecutive patients undergoing ASD surgery were approached and enrolled. Peripheral blood was drawn before incision, 4 h after, and 24 h after incision. Blood was stabilized and comprehensive flow cytometric immunophenotyping performed. Leukocyte population frequency, absolute number and activation marker expression were defined. Immunologic features were defined and analyzed by hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis (PCA). Changes over time were evaluated by repeated measures ANOVA (RMANOVA) and were corrected for a 1% false discovery rate. Post hoc testing was by Dunn's test. p values of < = 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS Thirteen patients were enrolled; 11(85%) F, 65.4 years (± 7.5), surgical duration 418 ± 83 min, EBL 1928 ± 1253 mL. Hierarchical clustering and PCA found consistent time from incision-dependent changes. HLA-DR and activating co-stimulatory molecule CD86 were depressed at 4 h and furthermore at 24 h on monocyte surfaces. CD4 + HLA-DR + T cells, but not CD8 +, increased over time with increased expression of PD-1 at 4 and 24 h. CONCLUSIONS Despite surgery and patient heterogeneity, we identified an immune signature associated with the sterile trauma of ASD surgery. Circulating leukocyte populations change in composition and signaling protein expression after incision and persisting to 24 h after incision, suggesting an immunocompromised state. Further work may determine relationships between this state and poor outcomes after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaiah R Turnbull
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Annie Hess
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Anja Fuchs
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Elfaridah P Frazier
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Sarbani Ghosh
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Shin-Wen Hughes
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Michael P Kelly
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Rady Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
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9
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Wu R, Murphy KM. DCs at the center of help: Origins and evolution of the three-cell-type hypothesis. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20211519. [PMID: 35543702 PMCID: PMC9098650 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Last year was the 10th anniversary of Ralph Steinman's Nobel Prize awarded for his discovery of dendritic cells (DCs), while next year brings the 50th anniversary of that discovery. Current models of anti-viral and anti-tumor immunity rest solidly on Steinman's discovery of DCs, but also rely on two seemingly unrelated phenomena, also reported in the mid-1970s: the discoveries of "help" for cytolytic T cell responses by Cantor and Boyse in 1974 and "cross-priming" by Bevan in 1976. Decades of subsequent work, controversy, and conceptual changes have gradually merged these three discoveries into current models of cell-mediated immunity against viruses and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee Wu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Kenneth M. Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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10
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English K, Tan SY, Kwan R, Holz LE, Sierro F, McGuffog C, Kaisho T, Heath WR, MacDonald KPA, McCaughan GW, Bowen DG, Bertolino P. The liver contains distinct interconnected networks of
CX3CR1
+
macrophages,
XCR1
+
type 1 and
CD301a
+
type 2 conventional dendritic cells embedded within portal tracts. Immunol Cell Biol 2022; 100:394-408. [PMID: 35718354 PMCID: PMC9541163 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Portal tracts are key intrahepatic structures where leukocytes accumulate during immune responses. They contain the blood inflow, which includes portal blood from the gut, and lymphatic and biliary outflow of the liver, and as such represent a key interface for potential pathogen entry to the liver. Myeloid cells residing in the interstitium of the portal tract might play an important role in the surveillance or prevention of pathogen dissemination; however, the exact composition and localization of this population has not been explored fully. Our in‐depth characterization of portal tract myeloid cells revealed that in addition to T lymphocytes, portal tracts contain a heterogeneous population of MHCIIhigh myeloid cells with potential antigen presenting cell (APC) function. These include a previously unreported subset of CSF1R‐dependent CX3CR1+ macrophages that phenotypically and morphologically resemble liver capsular macrophages, as well as the two main dendritic cell subsets (cDC1 and cDC2). These cells are not randomly distributed, but each subset forms interconnected networks intertwined with specific components of the portal tract. The CX3CR1+ cells were preferentially detected along the outer border of the portal tracts, and also in the portal interstitium adjacent to the portal vein, bile duct, lymphatic vessels and hepatic artery. cDC1s abounded along the lymphatic vessels, while cDC2s mostly surrounded the biliary tree. The specific distributions of these discrete subsets predict that they may serve distinct functions in this compartment. Overall, our findings suggest that portal tracts and their embedded cellular networks of myeloid cells form a distinctive lymphoid compartment in the liver that has the potential to orchestrate immune responses in this organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran English
- Centenary Institute and University of Sydney, AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Sioh Yang Tan
- Centenary Institute and University of Sydney, AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Rain Kwan
- Centenary Institute and University of Sydney, AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Lauren E Holz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity at the University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Frederic Sierro
- Centenary Institute and University of Sydney, AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Claire McGuffog
- Centenary Institute and University of Sydney, AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Tsuneyasu Kaisho
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medicine Wakayama Medical University Wakayama Japan
| | - William R Heath
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity at the University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Kelli PA MacDonald
- Antigen Presentation and Immunoregulation Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Geoffrey W McCaughan
- Centenary Institute and University of Sydney, AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney NSW Australia
| | - David G Bowen
- Centenary Institute and University of Sydney, AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Patrick Bertolino
- Centenary Institute and University of Sydney, AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney NSW Australia
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11
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Fu L, Lin W, Wang C, Wang Y. Establishment of a 3-Dimensional Intestinal Cell Model to Simulate the Intestinal Mucosal Immune System for Food Allergy Investigations. Front Immunol 2022; 13:853443. [PMID: 35300328 PMCID: PMC8920980 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.853443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergy is a worldwide food safety problem with increasing prevalence. Developing novel approaches for food allergy investigations is the basis for controlling food allergies. In this work, a 3-dimensional (3D) intestinal cell model was established to simulate the intestinal mucosal immune system. Gut epithelial cell line CMT93 was cultured in a transwell insert above dendritic cells (DCs) isolated from mouse spleen and stimulated by egg allergen ovalbumin (OVA), then the conditioned media of DCs was transferred to T cells isolated from mouse spleen. The allergy-related indexes of each cell type were determined by qPCR and flow cytometry. Then the TAZ gene was knocked down in the CMT93 cells and the role of the Hippo pathway in OVA-induced food allergy was investigated. The 3D intestinal cell model showed more significant and more specific allergic responses than conventional cell models and is more convenient to be manipulated than the mouse models. This model is an ideal tool for food allergy investigations and would facilitate studies in the field of intestinal mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglin Fu
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanglei Lin
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
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12
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The Role of Type-2 Conventional Dendritic Cells in the Regulation of Tumor Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081976. [PMID: 35454882 PMCID: PMC9028336 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recent studies revealed that type-2 conventional dendritic cells (cDC2s) play an important role in antitumor immunity by promoting cytotoxic T-cell responses and helper T-cell differentiation. This review outlines the role of cDC2s in tumor immunity and summarizes the latest progress regarding their potential in cancer vaccination and cDC2-targeted cancer immunotherapy. Abstract Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) orchestrate immune responses to cancer and comprise two major subsets: type-1 cDCs (cDC1s) and type-2 cDCs (cDC2s). Compared with cDC1s, which are dedicated to the activation of CD8+ T cells, cDC2s are ontogenically and functionally heterogeneous, with their main function being the presentation of exogenous antigens to CD4+ T cells for the initiation of T helper cell differentiation. cDC1s play an important role in tumor-specific immune responses through cross-presentation of tumor-derived antigens for the priming of CD8+ T cells, whereas little is known of the role of cDC2s in tumor immunity. Recent studies have indicated that human cDC2s can be divided into at least two subsets and have implicated these cells in both anti- and pro-tumoral immune responses. Furthermore, the efficacy of cDC2-based vaccines as well as cDC2-targeted therapeutics has been demonstrated in both mouse models and human patients. Here we summarize current knowledge about the role of cDC2s in tumor immunity and address whether these cells are beneficial in the context of antitumor immune responses.
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13
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Arabpour M, Lebrero-Fernandez C, Schön K, Strömberg A, Börjesson V, Lahl K, Ballegeer M, Saelens X, Angeletti D, Agace W, Lycke N. ADP-ribosylating adjuvant reveals plasticity in cDC1 cells that drive mucosal Th17 cell development and protection against influenza virus infection. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:745-761. [PMID: 35418673 PMCID: PMC9259495 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00510-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Migratory dendritic cells expressing CD103 are the targets for mucosal vaccines. These belong to either of two lineage-restricted subsets, cDC1 or cDC2 cells, which have been linked to priming of functionally distinct CD4 T cells. However, recent studies have identified plasticity in cDC2 cells with overlapping functions with cDC1 cells, while the converse has not been reported. We genetically engineered a vaccine adjuvant platform that targeted the cholera toxin A1 (CTA1) ADP-ribosylating enzyme to CD103+ cDC1 and cDC2 cells using a single-chain antibody (scFv) to CD103. Unexpectedly, intranasal immunization with the CTA1-svFcCD103 adjuvant modified cDC1 cells to effectively prime Th17 cells, a function previously limited to cDC2 cells. In fact, cDC2 cells were dispensible, while cDC1 cells, lacking in Batf3-/- mice, were critical. Following intranasal immunizations isolated cDC1 cells from mLN exclusively promoted Rorgt+ T cells and IL-17, IL-21, and IL-22 production. Strong CD8 T cell responses through antigen cross presentation by cDC1 cells were also observed. Single-cell RNAseq analysis revealed upregulation of Th17-promoting gene signatures in sorted cDC1 cells. Gene expression in isolated cDC2 cells was largely unaffected. Our finding represents a major shift of paradigm as we have documented functional plasticity in cDC1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Arabpour
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582MIVAC-Mucosal Immunobiology & Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cristina Lebrero-Fernandez
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582MIVAC-Mucosal Immunobiology & Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Schön
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582MIVAC-Mucosal Immunobiology & Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anneli Strömberg
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582MIVAC-Mucosal Immunobiology & Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vanja Börjesson
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582Bioinformatics Core Facility, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katharina Lahl
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Immunology Section, Lund University, BMC D14, 221-84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marlies Ballegeer
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium and Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xavier Saelens
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium and Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Davide Angeletti
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582MIVAC-Mucosal Immunobiology & Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - William Agace
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Immunology Section, Lund University, BMC D14, 221-84 Lund, Sweden ,grid.5170.30000 0001 2181 8870Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nils Lycke
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582MIVAC-Mucosal Immunobiology & Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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14
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Zhu H, Liu X. Advances of Tumorigenesis, Diagnosis at Early Stage, and Cellular Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Malignancies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:666340. [PMID: 34434889 PMCID: PMC8381364 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.666340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, in 2018, 4.8 million new patients have a diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, while 3.4 million people died of such disorders. GI malignancies are tightly relevant to 26% of the world-wide cancer incidence and occupies 35% of all cancer-associated deaths. In this article, we principally investigated molecular and cellular mechanisms of tumorigenesis in five major GI cancers occurring at esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, and colorectal region that illustrate high morbidity in Eastern and Western countries. Moreover, through this investigation, we not only emphasize importance of the tumor microenvironment in development and treatment of malignant tumors but also identify significance of M2PK, miRNAs, ctDNAs, circRNAs, and CTCs in early detection of GI cancers, as well as systematically evaluate contribution of personalized precision medicine including cellular immunotherapy, new antigen and vaccine therapy, and oncolytic virotherapy in treatment of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Zhu
- Precision and Personalized Cancer Treatment Center, Division of Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy, Ciming Boao International Hospital, Boao Lecheng International Medical Tourism Pilot Zone, Qionghai, China.,Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Division of Cellular & Biomedical Science, Ciming Boao International Hospital, Boao Lecheng International Medical Tourism Pilot Zone, Qionghai, China
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15
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Liu Y, Wang X, Yang F, Zheng Y, Ye T, Yang L. Immunomodulatory Role and Therapeutic Potential of Non-Coding RNAs Mediated by Dendritic Cells in Autoimmune and Immune Tolerance-Related Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:678918. [PMID: 34394079 PMCID: PMC8360493 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.678918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that act as a bridge between innate immunity and adaptive immunity. After activation, DCs differentiate into subtypes with different functions, at which point they upregulate co-stimulatory molecules and produce various cytokines and chemokines. Activated DCs also process antigens for presentation to T cells and regulate the differentiation and function of T cells to modulate the immune state of the body. Non-coding RNAs, RNA transcripts that are unable to encode proteins, not only participate in the pathological mechanisms of autoimmune-related diseases but also regulate the function of immune cells in these diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulation of non-coding RNAs contributes to DC differentiation, functions, and so on, consequently producing effects in various autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the main non-coding RNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs) that regulate DCs in pathological mechanisms and have tremendous potential to give rise to novel therapeutic targets and strategies for multiple autoimmune diseases and immune tolerance-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoze Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyi Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tinghong Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Moberg CL. The discovery of dendritic cells. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 2021; 218:212187. [PMID: 34037675 PMCID: PMC8160582 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Ness S, Lin S, Gordon JR. Regulatory Dendritic Cells, T Cell Tolerance, and Dendritic Cell Therapy for Immunologic Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:633436. [PMID: 33777019 PMCID: PMC7988082 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.633436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are antigen-presenting cells that can communicate with T cells both directly and indirectly, regulating our adaptive immune responses against environmental and self-antigens. Under some microenvironmental conditions DC develop into anti-inflammatory cells which can induce immunologic tolerance. A substantial body of literature has confirmed that in such settings regulatory DC (DCreg) induce T cell tolerance by suppression of effector T cells as well as by induction of regulatory T cells (Treg). Many in vitro studies have been undertaken with human DCreg which, as a surrogate marker of antigen-specific tolerogenic potential, only poorly activate allogeneic T cell responses. Fewer studies have addressed the abilities of, or mechanisms by which these human DCreg suppress autologous effector T cell responses and induce infectious tolerance-promoting Treg responses. Moreover, the agents and properties that render DC as tolerogenic are many and varied, as are the cells’ relative regulatory activities and mechanisms of action. Herein we review the most current human and, where gaps exist, murine DCreg literature that addresses the cellular and molecular biology of these cells. We also address the clinical relevance of human DCreg, highlighting the outcomes of pre-clinical mouse and non-human primate studies and early phase clinical trials that have been undertaken, as well as the impact of innate immune receptors and symbiotic microbial signaling on the immunobiology of DCreg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ness
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Shiming Lin
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - John R Gordon
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Division of Respirology, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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18
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Barroso A, Mahler JV, Fonseca-Castro PH, Quintana FJ. Therapeutic induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells via aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 70:33-39. [PMID: 33607496 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which sample the exogenous and endogenous cues to control adaptive immunity, balancing effector and regulatory components of the immune response. Multiple subsets of DCs, such as plasmacytoid and conventional DCs, have been defined based on specific phenotypic markers, functions and regulatory transcriptional programs. Tolerogenic DCs (tolDCs) have been functionally defined based on their ability to expand the regulatory T-cell compartment and suppress immune responses. However, it is still unclear whether tolDCs represent a homogeneous population, a specific DC subset and/or a heterogeneous collection of DC activation/maturation states. The ligand-activated transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has been shown to control transcriptional programs associated to tolDCs. In this review, we discuss the role of AHR in the control of tolDCs, and also AHR-targeted approaches for the therapeutic induction of tolDCs in autoimmune diseases and allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Barroso
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - João V Mahler
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro H Fonseca-Castro
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco J Quintana
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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19
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Heger L, Amon L, Lehmann CH, Dudziak D. Systems Immunology Approaches for Understanding of Primary Dendritic Cell Subpopulations in the Past, Present and Future. SYSTEMS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11609-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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20
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Ducournau C, Moiré N, Carpentier R, Cantin P, Herkt C, Lantier I, Betbeder D, Dimier-Poisson I. Effective Nanoparticle-Based Nasal Vaccine Against Latent and Congenital Toxoplasmosis in Sheep. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2183. [PMID: 33013917 PMCID: PMC7509486 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a parasitic protozoan of worldwide distribution, able to infect all warm-blooded animals, but particularly sheep. Primary infection in pregnant sheep leads to millions of abortions and significant economic losses for the livestock industry. Moreover, infected animals constitute the main parasitic reservoir for humans. Therefore, the development of a One-health vaccine seems the best prevention strategy. Following earlier work, a vaccine constituted of total extract of Toxoplasma gondii proteins (TE) associated with maltodextrin nanoparticles (DGNP) was developed in rodents. In this study we evaluated the ability of this vaccine candidate to protect against latent and congenital toxoplasmosis in sheep. After two immunizations by either intranasal or intradermal route, DGNP/TE vaccine generated specific Th1-cellular immune response, mediated by APC-secretion of IFN-γ and IL-12. Secretion of IL-10 appeared to regulate this Th1 response for intradermally vaccinated sheep but was absent in intranasally-vaccinated animals. Finally, protection against latent toxoplasmosis and transplacental transmission were explored. Intranasal vaccination led to a marked decrease of brain cysts compared with the non-vaccinated group. This DGNP/TE vaccine administered intranasally conferred a high level of protection against latent toxoplasmosis and its transplacental transmission in sheep, highlighting the potential for development of such a vaccine for studies in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodolphe Carpentier
- INFINITE, Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, University of Lille, Inserm, Lille, France
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21
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Microbial Exposure Enhances Immunity to Pathogens Recognized by TLR2 but Increases Susceptibility to Cytokine Storm through TLR4 Sensitization. Cell Rep 2020; 28:1729-1743.e5. [PMID: 31412243 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial exposures can define an individual's basal immune state. Cohousing specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice with pet store mice, which harbor numerous infectious microbes, results in global changes to the immune system, including increased circulating phagocytes and elevated inflammatory cytokines. How these differences in the basal immune state influence the acute response to systemic infection is unclear. Cohoused mice exhibit enhanced protection from virulent Listeria monocytogenes (LM) infection, but increased morbidity and mortality to polymicrobial sepsis. Cohoused mice have more TLR2+ and TLR4+ phagocytes, enhancing recognition of microbes through pattern-recognition receptors. However, the response to a TLR2 ligand is muted in cohoused mice, whereas the response to a TLR4 ligand is greatly amplified, suggesting a basis for the distinct response to Listeria monocytogenes and sepsis. Our data illustrate how microbial exposure can enhance the immune response to unrelated challenges but also increase the risk of immunopathology from a severe cytokine storm.
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22
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Kooiman K, Roovers S, Langeveld SAG, Kleven RT, Dewitte H, O'Reilly MA, Escoffre JM, Bouakaz A, Verweij MD, Hynynen K, Lentacker I, Stride E, Holland CK. Ultrasound-Responsive Cavitation Nuclei for Therapy and Drug Delivery. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2020; 46:1296-1325. [PMID: 32165014 PMCID: PMC7189181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic ultrasound strategies that harness the mechanical activity of cavitation nuclei for beneficial tissue bio-effects are actively under development. The mechanical oscillations of circulating microbubbles, the most widely investigated cavitation nuclei, which may also encapsulate or shield a therapeutic agent in the bloodstream, trigger and promote localized uptake. Oscillating microbubbles can create stresses either on nearby tissue or in surrounding fluid to enhance drug penetration and efficacy in the brain, spinal cord, vasculature, immune system, biofilm or tumors. This review summarizes recent investigations that have elucidated interactions of ultrasound and cavitation nuclei with cells, the treatment of tumors, immunotherapy, the blood-brain and blood-spinal cord barriers, sonothrombolysis, cardiovascular drug delivery and sonobactericide. In particular, an overview of salient ultrasound features, drug delivery vehicles, therapeutic transport routes and pre-clinical and clinical studies is provided. Successful implementation of ultrasound and cavitation nuclei-mediated drug delivery has the potential to change the way drugs are administered systemically, resulting in more effective therapeutics and less-invasive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klazina Kooiman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Silke Roovers
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Lab for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simone A G Langeveld
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert T Kleven
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Heleen Dewitte
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Lab for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Medical School of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Meaghan A O'Reilly
- Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ayache Bouakaz
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Martin D Verweij
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Acoustical Wavefield Imaging, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Kullervo Hynynen
- Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ine Lentacker
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Lab for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eleanor Stride
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christy K Holland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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23
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Hua Z, Hou B. The role of B cell antigen presentation in the initiation of CD4+ T cell response. Immunol Rev 2020; 296:24-35. [PMID: 32304104 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
B cells have been known for their ability to present antigens to T cells for almost 40 years. However, the precise roles of B cell antigen presentation in various immune responses are not completely understood. The term "professional" antigen-presenting cells (APCs) was proposed to distinguish APCs that are required for initiating the immune responses from those use antigen presentation to enhance their own effector functions. Unlike dendritic cells, which are defined as professional APCs for their well-established functions in activating naive T cells, B cells have been shown in the past to mostly present antigens to activated CD4+ T cells mainly to seek help from T helper cells. However, recent evidence suggested that B cells can act as professional APCs under infectious conditions or conditions mimicking viral infections. B cell antigen receptors (BCRs) and the innate receptor Toll-like receptors are activated synergistically in response to pathogens or virus-like particles, under which conditions B cells are not only potent but also the predominant APCs to turn naive CD4+ T cells into T follicular helper cells. The discovery of B cells as professional APCs to initiate CD4+ T cell response provides a new insight for both autoimmune diseases and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Hua
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baidong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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24
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Gu FF, Wu JJ, Liu YY, Hu Y, Liang JY, Zhang K, Li M, Wang Y, Zhang YA, Liu L. Human inflammatory dendritic cells in malignant pleural effusions induce Th1 cell differentiation. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:779-788. [PMID: 32052078 PMCID: PMC7183501 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02510-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells are crucial for the initiation and regulation of immune responses against cancer and pathogens. DCs are heterogeneous and highly specialized antigen-presenting cells. Human DCs comprise several subsets with different phenotypes and functional properties. In the steady state, human DC subsets have been well studied. However, the components of DC subsets and their immune functions during the inflamed setting are poorly understood. We identified and characterized DC subsets in the malignant pleural effusions of NSCLC patients. We analyzed the capacity of these DC subsets to induce T-cell differentiation. We observed the presence of inflammatory DCs (infDCs) and macrophages in the malignant pleural effusions of NSCLC patients, as identified by the CD11C+HLA-DR+CD16−BDCA1+ and CD11C+HLA-DR+CD16+BDCA1− phenotypes, respectively. InfDCs represented approximately 1% of the total light-density cells in the pleural effusion and were characterized by the expression of CD206, CD14, CD11b, and CD1α, which were absent on blood DCs. InfDCs also expressed CD80, although at a low level. As infDCs did not express CD40, CD83 and CD275, they remained functionally immature. We found that TLR agonists promoted the maturation of infDCs. Compared with macrophages, infDCs had a weaker capacity to phagocytose necrotic tumor cell lysates. However, only infDCs induced autologous memory CD4+ T-cell differentiation into Th1 cells. For the first time, we found that infDCs were present in the malignant pleural effusions of NSCLC patients. We conclude that infDCs represent a distinct human DC subset and induce Th1 cell differentiation in the presence of TLR agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Gu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yang-Yang Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jin-Yan Liang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ming Li
- Medical Oncology, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, 28 Baofeng Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Analysis and Testing Center, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 East Lake South Road, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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25
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Brown CC, Gudjonson H, Pritykin Y, Deep D, Lavallée VP, Mendoza A, Fromme R, Mazutis L, Ariyan C, Leslie C, Pe'er D, Rudensky AY. Transcriptional Basis of Mouse and Human Dendritic Cell Heterogeneity. Cell 2019; 179:846-863.e24. [PMID: 31668803 PMCID: PMC6838684 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in orchestrating adaptive immune responses due to their unique ability to initiate T cell responses and direct their differentiation into effector lineages. Classical DCs have been divided into two subsets, cDC1 and cDC2, based on phenotypic markers and their distinct abilities to prime CD8 and CD4 T cells. While the transcriptional regulation of the cDC1 subset has been well characterized, cDC2 development and function remain poorly understood. By combining transcriptional and chromatin analyses with genetic reporter expression, we identified two principal cDC2 lineages defined by distinct developmental pathways and transcriptional regulators, including T-bet and RORγt, two key transcription factors known to define innate and adaptive lymphocyte subsets. These novel cDC2 lineages were characterized by distinct metabolic and functional programs. Extending our findings to humans revealed conserved DC heterogeneity and the presence of the newly defined cDC2 subsets in human cancer. Single-cell analyses reveal novel dendritic cell subsets Major cDC2 subsets differentially express T-bet and RORγt Distinct pro- and anti-inflammatory potential of T-bet+ and Tbet– cDC2s Transcriptional basis for cDC2 heterogeneity conserved across mouse and human
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysothemis C Brown
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Infection, Inflammation and Rheumatology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | - Herman Gudjonson
- Infection, Inflammation and Rheumatology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Yuri Pritykin
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Deeksha Deep
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vincent-Philippe Lavallée
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alejandra Mendoza
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rachel Fromme
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Linas Mazutis
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charlotte Ariyan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Ludwig Center at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christina Leslie
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dana Pe'er
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alexander Y Rudensky
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Ludwig Center at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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26
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Aylward B, Clark M, Galileo D, Baernard A, Wilson J, Brannick E, Gressley T, Fecteau M, Davis W, Dyer R. Immune cell populations residing in mesenteric adipose depots and mesenteric lymph nodes of lean dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:3452-3468. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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27
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Vangeti S, Gertow J, Yu M, Liu S, Baharom F, Scholz S, Friberg D, Starkhammar M, Ahlberg A, Smed-Sörensen A. Human Blood and Tonsil Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Display Similar Gene Expression Profiles but Exhibit Differential Type I IFN Responses to Influenza A Virus Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:2069-2081. [PMID: 30760619 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection constitutes an annual health burden across the globe. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) are central in antiviral defense because of their superior capacity to produce type I IFNs in response to viruses. Dendritic cells (DCs) differ depending on their anatomical location. However, only limited host-pathogen data are available from the initial site of infection in humans. In this study, we investigated how human tonsil PDCs, likely exposed to virus because of their location, responded to IAV infection compared with peripheral blood PDCs. In tonsils, unlike in blood, PDCs are the most frequent DC subset. Both tonsil and blood PDCs expressed several genes necessary for pathogen recognition and immune response, generally in a similar pattern. MxA, a protein that renders cells resistant to IAV infection, was detected in both tonsil and blood PDCs. However, despite steady-state MxA expression and contrary to previous reports, at high IAV concentrations (typically cytopathic to other immune cells), both tonsil and blood PDCs supported IAV infection. IAV exposure resulted in PDC maturation by upregulation of CD86 expression and IFN-α secretion. Interestingly, blood PDCs secreted 10-fold more IFN-α in response to IAV compared with tonsil PDCs. Tonsil PDCs also had a dampened cytokine response to purified TLR ligands compared with blood PDCs. Our findings suggest that tonsil PDCs may be less responsive to IAV than blood PDCs, highlighting the importance of studying immune cells at their proposed site of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Vangeti
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jens Gertow
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meng Yu
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sang Liu
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Faezzah Baharom
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Saskia Scholz
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danielle Friberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Starkhammar
- Capio Ear, Nose and Throat Clinic Globen, 121 77 Johanneshov, Sweden; and
| | - Alexander Ahlberg
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Smed-Sörensen
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden;
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28
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Oda N, Miyahara N, Taniguchi A, Morichika D, Senoo S, Fujii U, Itano J, Gion Y, Kiura K, Kanehiro A, Maeda Y. Requirement for neuropeptide Y in the development of type 2 responses and allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L407-L417. [PMID: 30604629 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00386.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neurotransmitter that is widely expressed in the brain and peripheral nervous system. Various immune cells express the NPY Y1 receptor. NPY modulates these cells via its Y1 receptor; however, involvement of NPY in the pathophysiology of bronchial asthma, particularly airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), has not been defined. NPY-deficient and wild-type mice were intranasally sensitized and challenged to house dust mite (HDM) extract, and airway responses were monitored. After sensitization and challenge, NPY-deficient mice showed significantly lower AHR than wild-type mice, and numbers of eosinophils and levels of type 2 cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13] in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly lower. Type 2 cytokine production from splenic mononuclear cells of HDM-sensitized mice was also significantly lower in NPY-deficient mice. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the number of CD4 T cells and CD11c+ antigen-presenting cells (APCs) was significantly lower in the lungs of NPY-deficient mice than in wild-type mice following sensitization and challenge. Significantly fewer CD11c+ APCs phagocytosed HDM in the mediastinal lymph nodes of NPY-deficient mice than in those of wild-type mice. Treatment with BIBO-3304, a NPY receptor antagonist, significantly suppressed development of HDM-induced AHR and inflammation in wild-type mice. These data identify an important contribution of NPY to allergen-induced AHR and inflammation through accumulation of dendritic cells in the airway and promotion of the type 2 immune response. Thus, manipulating NPY represents a novel therapeutic target to control allergic airway responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Oda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| | - Nobuaki Miyahara
- Department of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences , Okayama , Japan.,Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital , Okayama , Japan
| | - Akihiko Taniguchi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| | - Daisuke Morichika
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| | - Satoru Senoo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| | - Utako Fujii
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| | - Junko Itano
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| | - Yuka Gion
- Department of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences , Okayama , Japan.,Division of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kiura
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital , Okayama , Japan
| | - Arihiko Kanehiro
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan.,Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama Rosai Hospital , Okayama , Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
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29
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Xiao Z, Wang CQ, Zhou MH, Li NN, Liu SY, He YJ, Wang YZ, Feng JH, Yao XS, Chen L, Ma B, Yu S, Zeng XT, Li CW, Ding J. Clinical efficacy and safety of CIK plus radiotherapy for lung cancer: A meta-analysis of 16 randomized controlled trials. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 61:363-375. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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30
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SEYA T, TAKEDA Y, TAKASHIMA K, YOSHIDA S, AZUMA M, MATSUMOTO M. Adjuvant immunotherapy for cancer: both dendritic cell-priming and check-point inhibitor blockade are required for immunotherapy. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2018; 94:153-160. [PMID: 29526974 PMCID: PMC5909060 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.94.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The immune system eliminates advanced cancer when treated with programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1) blockade, but PD-1 therapy is effective in only ∼20% of patients with solid cancer. The PD-1 antibody mainly acts on the effector phase of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in tumors but induces no activation of the priming phase of antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs). It is reasonable that both DC-priming and PD-1/L1 blocking are mandatory for efficient CTL-mediated tumor cytolysis. For DC-priming, a therapeutic vaccine containing Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, namely a priming adjuvant, is a good candidate; however, a means for DC-targeting by TLR adjuvant therapy remains to be developed. TLR adjuvants usually harbor cytokine toxicity, which is a substantial barrier against drug approval. Here, we discuss the functional properties of current TLR adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy and introduce a TLR3-specific adjuvant (ARNAX) that barely induces cytokinemia in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa SEYA
- Department of Vaccine Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yohei TAKEDA
- Department of Vaccine Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ken TAKASHIMA
- Department of Vaccine Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sumito YOSHIDA
- Department of Vaccine Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiro AZUMA
- Department of Vaccine Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Misako MATSUMOTO
- Department of Vaccine Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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31
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Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play critical roles in activating innate immune cells and initiating adaptive immune responses. The functions of DCs were originally obscured by their overlap with other mononuclear phagocytes, but new mouse models have allowed for the selective ablation of subsets of DCs and have helped to identify their non-redundant roles in the immune system. These tools have elucidated the functions of DCs in host defense against pathogens, autoimmunity, and cancer. This review will describe the mouse models generated to interrogate the role of DCs and will discuss how their use has progressively clarified our understanding of the unique functions of DC subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Durai
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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32
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Yasmin AR, Yeap SK, Hair-Bejo M, Omar AR. Characterization of Chicken Splenic-Derived Dendritic Cells Following Vaccine and Very Virulent Strains of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Infection. Avian Dis 2017; 60:739-751. [PMID: 27902915 DOI: 10.1637/11275-091315-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infects lymphoid cells, mainly B cells and macrophages. This study was aimed to examine the involvement of chicken splenic-derived dendritic cells (ch-sDCs) in specific-pathogen-free chickens following inoculation with IBDV vaccine strain (D78) and a very virulent (vv) strain (UPM0081). Following IBDV infection, enriched activated ch-sDCs were collected by using the negative selection method and were examined based on morphology and immunophenotyping to confirm the isolation method for dendritic cells (DCs). The presence of IBDV on enriched activated ch-sDCs was analyzed based on the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), flow cytometry, and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) while the mRNAs of several cytokines were detected using RT-qPCR. The isolated ch-sDCs resembled typical DC morphologies found in mammals by having a veiled shape and they grew in clusters. Meanwhile, the expression of DC maturation markers, namely CD86 and MHCII, were increased at day 2 and day 3 following vvIBDV and vaccine strain inoculation, respectively, ranging from 10% to 40% compared to the control at 2.55% (P < 0.05). At day 3 postinfection, IBDV VP3 proteins colocalized with CD86 were readily detected via IFAT and flow cytometry in both vaccine and vvIBDV strains. In addition, enriched activated ch-sDCs were also detected as positive based on the VP4 gene by RT-qPCR; however, a higher viral load was detected on vvIBDV compared to the vaccine group. Infection with vaccine and vvIBDV strains induced the enriched activated ch-sDCs to produce proinflammatory cytokines and Th1-like cytokines from day 3 onward; however, the expressions were higher in the vvIBDV group (P < 0.05). These data collectively suggest that enriched activated ch-sDCs were permissive to IBDV infection and produced a strong inflammatory and Th1-like cytokine response following vvIBDV infection as compared to the vaccine strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Yasmin
- A Institute of Bioscience.,B Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - M Hair-Bejo
- A Institute of Bioscience.,B Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A R Omar
- A Institute of Bioscience.,B Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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33
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Medrano RFV, Hunger A, Mendonça SA, Barbuto JAM, Strauss BE. Immunomodulatory and antitumor effects of type I interferons and their application in cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:71249-71284. [PMID: 29050360 PMCID: PMC5642635 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, the pleiotropic antitumor functions exerted by type I interferons (IFNs) have become universally acknowledged, especially their role in mediating interactions between the tumor and the immune system. Indeed, type I IFNs are now appreciated as a critical component of dendritic cell (DC) driven T cell responses to cancer. Here we focus on IFN-α and IFN-β, and their antitumor effects, impact on immune responses and their use as therapeutic agents. IFN-α/β share many properties, including activation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and induction of a variety of cellular phenotypes. For example, type I IFNs drive not only the high maturation status of DCs, but also have a direct impact in cytotoxic T lymphocytes, NK cell activation, induction of tumor cell death and inhibition of angiogenesis. A variety of stimuli, including some standard cancer treatments, promote the expression of endogenous IFN-α/β, which then participates as a fundamental component of immunogenic cell death. Systemic treatment with recombinant protein has been used for the treatment of melanoma. The induction of endogenous IFN-α/β has been tested, including stimulation through pattern recognition receptors. Gene therapies involving IFN-α/β have also been described. Thus, harnessing type I IFNs as an effective tool for cancer therapy continues to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruan F V Medrano
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM 24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Hunger
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM 24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samir Andrade Mendonça
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM 24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Alexandre M Barbuto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Cell and Molecular Therapy Center, NUCEL-NETCEM, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bryan E Strauss
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM 24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
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34
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Baharom F, Rankin G, Blomberg A, Smed-Sörensen A. Human Lung Mononuclear Phagocytes in Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2017; 8:499. [PMID: 28507549 PMCID: PMC5410584 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The lungs are vulnerable to attack by respiratory insults such as toxins, allergens, and pathogens, given their continuous exposure to the air we breathe. Our immune system has evolved to provide protection against an array of potential threats without causing collateral damage to the lung tissue. In order to swiftly detect invading pathogens, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs)-together termed mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs)-line the respiratory tract with the key task of surveying the lung microenvironment in order to discriminate between harmless and harmful antigens and initiate immune responses when necessary. Each cell type excels at specific tasks: monocytes produce large amounts of cytokines, macrophages are highly phagocytic, whereas DCs excel at activating naïve T cells. Extensive studies in murine models have established a division of labor between the different populations of MNPs at steady state and during infection or inflammation. However, a translation of important findings in mice is only beginning to be explored in humans, given the challenge of working with rare cells in inaccessible human tissues. Important progress has been made in recent years on the phenotype and function of human lung MNPs. In addition to a substantial population of alveolar macrophages, three subsets of DCs have been identified in the human airways at steady state. More recently, monocyte-derived cells have also been described in healthy human lungs. Depending on the source of samples, such as lung tissue resections or bronchoalveolar lavage, the specific subsets of MNPs recovered may differ. This review provides an update on existing studies investigating human respiratory MNP populations during health and disease. Often, inflammatory MNPs are found to accumulate in the lungs of patients with pulmonary conditions. In respiratory infections or inflammatory diseases, this may contribute to disease severity, but in cancer patients this may improve clinical outcomes. By expanding on this knowledge, specific lung MNPs may be targeted or modulated in order to attain favorable responses that can improve preventive or treatment strategies against respiratory infections, lung cancer, or lung inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezzah Baharom
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gregory Rankin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Blomberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Smed-Sörensen
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
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35
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Lehmann CHK, Baranska A, Heidkamp GF, Heger L, Neubert K, Lühr JJ, Hoffmann A, Reimer KC, Brückner C, Beck S, Seeling M, Kießling M, Soulat D, Krug AB, Ravetch JV, Leusen JHW, Nimmerjahn F, Dudziak D. DC subset-specific induction of T cell responses upon antigen uptake via Fcγ receptors in vivo. J Exp Med 2017; 214:1509-1528. [PMID: 28389502 PMCID: PMC5413326 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lehmann et al. targeted antigens to Fcγ receptors expressed on various antigen-presenting cells. Induced CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were solely dependent on CD11b+ and CD8+ DC subsets, respectively, but independent of receptor intrinsic ITAM or ITIM signaling domains. Dendritic cells (DCs) are efficient antigen-presenting cells equipped with various cell surface receptors for the direct or indirect recognition of pathogenic microorganisms. Interestingly, not much is known about the specific expression pattern and function of the individual activating and inhibitory Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) on splenic DC subsets in vivo and how they contribute to the initiation of T cell responses. By targeting antigens to select activating and the inhibitory FcγR in vivo, we show that antigen uptake under steady-state conditions results in a short-term expansion of antigen-specific T cells, whereas under inflammatory conditions especially, the activating FcγRIV is able to induce superior CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. Of note, this effect was independent of FcγR intrinsic activating signaling pathways. Moreover, despite the expression of FcγRIV on both conventional splenic DC subsets, the induction of CD8+ T cell responses was largely dependent on CD11c+CD8+ DCs, whereas CD11c+CD8− DCs were critical for priming CD4+ T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian H K Lehmann
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Baranska
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.,Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 13288 Marseille-Luminy, France
| | - Gordon F Heidkamp
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Heger
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kirsten Neubert
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jennifer J Lühr
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alana Hoffmann
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katharina C Reimer
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christin Brückner
- Department of Biology, Chair of Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Beck
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michaela Seeling
- Department of Biology, Chair of Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Melissa Kießling
- Department of Biology, Chair of Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Didier Soulat
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne B Krug
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jeffrey V Ravetch
- Leonard Wagner Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Jeanette H W Leusen
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, Laboratory for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Falk Nimmerjahn
- Department of Biology, Chair of Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany .,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany .,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Kim Y, Clements DR, Sterea AM, Jang HW, Gujar SA, Lee PWK. Dendritic Cells in Oncolytic Virus-Based Anti-Cancer Therapy. Viruses 2015; 7:6506-25. [PMID: 26690204 PMCID: PMC4690876 DOI: 10.3390/v7122953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that have a notable role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. In the context of cancer, appropriately activated DCs can induce anti-tumor immunity by activating innate immune cells and tumor-specific lymphocytes that target cancer cells. However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) imposes different mechanisms that facilitate the impairment of DC functions, such as inefficient antigen presentation or polarization into immunosuppressive DCs. These tumor-associated DCs thus fail to initiate tumor-specific immunity, and indirectly support tumor progression. Hence, there is increasing interest in identifying interventions that can overturn DC impairment within the TME. Many reports thus far have studied oncolytic viruses (OVs), viruses that preferentially target and kill cancer cells, for their capacity to enhance DC-mediated anti-tumor effects. Herein, we describe the general characteristics of DCs, focusing on their role in innate and adaptive immunity in the context of the TME. We also examine how DC-OV interaction affects DC recruitment, OV delivery, and anti-tumor immunity activation. Understanding these roles of DCs in the TME and OV infection is critical in devising strategies to further harness the anti-tumor effects of both DCs and OVs, ultimately enhancing the efficacy of OV-based oncotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youra Kim
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada.
| | - Derek R Clements
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada.
| | - Andra M Sterea
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada.
| | - Hyun Woo Jang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada.
| | - Shashi A Gujar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada.
- Department of Strategy and Organizational Performance, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada.
| | - Patrick W K Lee
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada.
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Taniguchi A, Miyahara N, Waseda K, Kurimoto E, Fujii U, Tanimoto Y, Kataoka M, Yamamoto Y, Gelfand EW, Yamamoto H, Tanimoto M, Kanehiro A. Contrasting roles for the receptor for advanced glycation end-products on structural cells in allergic airway inflammation vs. airway hyperresponsiveness. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L789-800. [PMID: 26472810 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00087.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is a multiligand receptor that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. RAGE is reported to be involved in various inflammatory disorders; however, studies that address the role of RAGE in allergic airway disease are inconclusive. RAGE-sufficient (RAGE+/+) and RAGE-deficient (RAGE-/-) mice were sensitized to ovalbumin, and airway responses were monitored after ovalbumin challenge. RAGE-/- mice showed reduced eosinophilic inflammation and goblet cell metaplasia, lower T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine production from spleen and peribronchial lymph node mononuclear cells, and lower numbers of group 2 innate lymphoid cells in the lung compared with RAGE+/+ mice following sensitization and challenge. Experiments using irradiated, chimeric mice showed that the mice expressing RAGE on radio-resistant structural cells but not hematopoietic cells developed allergic airway inflammation; however, the mice expressing RAGE on hematopoietic cells but not structural cells showed reduced airway inflammation. In contrast, absence of RAGE expression on structural cells enhanced innate airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). In the absence of RAGE, increased interleukin (IL)-33 levels in the lung were detected, and blockade of IL-33 receptor ST2 suppressed innate AHR in RAGE-/- mice. These data identify the importance of RAGE expressed on lung structural cells in the development of allergic airway inflammation, T helper type 2 cell activation, and group 2 innate lymphoid cell accumulation in the airways. RAGE on lung structural cells also regulated innate AHR, likely through the IL-33-ST2 pathway. Thus manipulating RAGE represents a novel therapeutic target in controlling allergic airway responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Taniguchi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Miyahara
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Field of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama, Japan;
| | - Koichi Waseda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Etsuko Kurimoto
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Utako Fujii
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Tanimoto
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Minami-Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mikio Kataoka
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan; and
| | - Erwin W Gelfand
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan; and
| | - Mitsune Tanimoto
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Arihiko Kanehiro
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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38
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Zoccola E, Delamare-Deboutteville J, Barnes AC. Identification of Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) DC-SCRIPT, a Specific Molecular Marker for Dendritic Cells in Fish. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132687. [PMID: 26173015 PMCID: PMC4501824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen presentation is a critical step bridging innate immune recognition and specific immune memory. In mammals, the process is orchestrated by dendritic cells (DCs) in the lymphatic system, which initiate clonal proliferation of antigen-specific lymphocytes. However, fish lack a classical lymphatic system and there are currently no cellular markers for DCs in fish, thus antigen-presentation in fish is poorly understood. Recently, antigen-presenting cells similar in structure and function to mammalian DCs were identified in various fish, including rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). The present study aimed to identify a potential molecular marker for DCs in fish and therefore targeted DC-SCRIPT, a well-conserved zinc finger protein that is preferentially expressed in all sub-types of human DCs. Putative dendritic cells were obtained in culture by maturation of spleen and pronephros-derived monocytes. DC-SCRIPT was identified in barramundi by homology using RACE PCR and genome walking. Specific expression of DC-SCRIPT was detected in barramundi cells by Stellaris mRNA FISH, in combination with MHCII expression when exposed to bacterial derived peptidoglycan, suggesting the presence of DCs in L. calcarifer. Moreover, morphological identification was achieved by light microscopy of cytospins prepared from these cultures. The cultured cells were morphologically similar to mammalian and trout DCs. Migration assays determined that these cells have the ability to move towards pathogens and pathogen associated molecular patterns, with a preference for peptidoglycans over lipopolysaccharides. The cells were also strongly phagocytic, engulfing bacteria and rapidly breaking them down. Barramundi DCs induced significant proliferation of responder populations of T-lymphocytes, supporting their role as antigen presenting cells. DC-SCRIPT expression in head kidney was higher 6 and 24 h following intraperitoneal challenge with peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide and declined after 3 days relative to PBS-injected controls. Relative expression was also lower in the spleen at 3 days post challenge but increased again at 7 days. As DC-SCRIPT is a constitutively expressed nuclear receptor, independent of immune activation, this may indicate initial migration of immature DCs from head kidney and spleen to the injection site, followed by return to the spleen for maturation and antigen presentation. DC-SCRIPT may be a valuable tool in the investigation of antigen presentation in fish and facilitate optimisation of vaccines and adjuvants for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Zoccola
- The University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Marine Science, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Jérôme Delamare-Deboutteville
- The University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Marine Science, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew C. Barnes
- The University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Marine Science, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous group of mononuclear phagocytes with versatile roles in immunity. They are classified predominantly based on phenotypic and functional properties, namely their stellate morphology, expression of the integrin CD11c, and major histocompatibility class II molecules, as well as their superior capacity to migrate to secondary lymphoid organs and stimulate naïve T cells. However, these attributes are not exclusive to DCs and often change within inflammatory or infectious environments. This led to debates over cell identification and questioned even the mere existence of DCs as distinct leukocyte lineage. Here, we review experimental approaches taken to fate map DCs and discuss how these have shaped our understanding of DC ontogeny and lineage affiliation. Considering the ontogenetic properties of DCs will help to overcome the inherent shortcomings of purely phenotypic- and function-based approaches to cell definition and will yield a more robust way of DC classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Pawel Poltorak
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München , Munich , Germany
| | - Barbara Ursula Schraml
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München , Munich , Germany
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Fan X, Liu Z, Jin H, Yan J, Liang HP. Alterations of dendritic cells in sepsis: featured role in immunoparalysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:903720. [PMID: 25821827 PMCID: PMC4363672 DOI: 10.1155/2015/903720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis, the leading cause of mortality in intensive care unit, is characterized by hyperinflammatory response in the early stage and followed by a period of immunosuppression. This immune disorder is believed to be the potent factor that is tightly associated with high mortality in sepsis. Dendritic cells (DCs) serve as professional antigen-presenting cells that play a vital role in immune response by activating T lymphocytes. During the progression of sepsis, DCs have been reported to take part in the aberrant immune response and be necessary for survival. Therefore, a better understanding of the DCs pathology will be undoubtedly beneficial for resolving the problems occurring in sepsis. This review discusses effects of sepsis on DCs number and function, including surface molecules expression, cytokines secretion, and T cell activation, and the underlying mechanism as well as some potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - He Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Hua-ping Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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41
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Safari E, Hassan ZM, Moazzeni SM. Shark cartilage 14 kDa protein as a dendritic cells activator. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2015; 37:165-70. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2015.1006370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
Strictly defined, tissue-specific antigens are antigens characteristic of one particular tissue or cell. They are usually associated with autoimmunity and are remarkably homologous between species. In contrast, histocompatibility (H) antigens reflect polymorphism within species - they are alloantigens - and class-I major H complex (MHC) antigens - at least mouse H-2D and H-2 K and human HLA-A and -B, the commonest targets of acute allograft rejection - are widely distributed in the body; class-II MHC antigens - mouse Ia and human DR - have a much more limited distribution, being expressed primarily on B lymphocytes and on macrophages and other cells involved in antigen presentation and immune activation. This review is devoted to H antigens other than class-IIMHC antigens with limited if not highly specific, tissue distribution. Some of these antigens are classic tissue-specific antigens, others are alloantigens with limited tissue expression. Much of the evidence that they evoke immune responses that damage or destroy transplanted tissue is incomplete or circumstantial, but some is convincing and includes the immunogenetic characterization of new antigen systems that may have to be reckoned with clinically, especially when dealing with HLA-matched transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Steinmuller
- Histocompatibility Laboratory, Transplantation Society of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
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43
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Dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages: a unified nomenclature based on ontogeny. Nat Rev Immunol 2014; 14:571-8. [PMID: 25033907 DOI: 10.1038/nri3712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1263] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) has historically been categorized into monocytes, dendritic cells and macrophages on the basis of functional and phenotypical characteristics. However, considering that these characteristics are often overlapping, the distinction between and classification of these cell types has been challenging. In this Opinion article, we propose a unified nomenclature for the MPS. We suggest that these cells can be classified primarily by their ontogeny and secondarily by their location, function and phenotype. We believe that this system permits a more robust classification during both steady-state and inflammatory conditions, with the benefit of spanning different tissues and across species.
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Abstract
Classical dendritic cells (cDCs) form a critical interface between innate and adaptive immunity. As myeloid immune cell sentinels, cDCs are specialized in the sensing of pathogen challenges and cancer. They translate the latter for T cells into peptide form. Moreover, cDCs provide additional critical information on the original antigen context to trigger a diverse spectrum of appropriate protective responses. Here we review recent progress in our understanding of cDC subsets in mice. We will discuss cDC subset ontogeny and transcription factor dependencies, as well as emerging functional specializations within the cDC compartment in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mildner
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Steffen Jung
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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45
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Gordon JR, Ma Y, Churchman L, Gordon SA, Dawicki W. Regulatory dendritic cells for immunotherapy in immunologic diseases. Front Immunol 2014; 5:7. [PMID: 24550907 PMCID: PMC3907717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We recognize well the abilities of dendritic cells to activate effector T cell (Teff cell) responses to an array of antigens and think of these cells in this context as pre-eminent antigen-presenting cells, but dendritic cells are also critical to the induction of immunologic tolerance. Herein, we review our knowledge on the different kinds of tolerogenic or regulatory dendritic cells that are present or can be induced in experimental settings and humans, how they operate, and the diseases in which they are effective, from allergic to autoimmune diseases and transplant tolerance. The primary conclusions that arise from these cumulative studies clearly indicate that the agent(s) used to induce the tolerogenic phenotype and the status of the dendritic cell at the time of induction influence not only the phenotype of the dendritic cell, but also that of the regulatory T cell responses that they in turn mobilize. For example, while many, if not most, types of induced regulatory dendritic cells lead CD4+ naïve or Teff cells to adopt a CD25+Foxp3+ Treg phenotype, exposure of Langerhans cells or dermal dendritic cells to vitamin D leads in one case to the downstream induction of CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell responses, while in the other to Foxp3− type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1) responses. Similarly, exposure of human immature versus semi-mature dendritic cells to IL-10 leads to distinct regulatory T cell outcomes. Thus, it should be possible to shape our dendritic cell immunotherapy approaches for selective induction of different types of T cell tolerance or to simultaneously induce multiple types of regulatory T cell responses. This may prove to be an important option as we target diseases in different anatomic compartments or with divergent pathologies in the clinic. Finally, we provide an overview of the use and potential use of these cells clinically, highlighting their potential as tools in an array of settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Gordon
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada
| | - Yanna Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada
| | - Laura Churchman
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada
| | - Sara A Gordon
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada
| | - Wojciech Dawicki
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada
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Flt3L dependence helps define an uncharacterized subset of murine cutaneous dendritic cells. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 134:1265-1275. [PMID: 24288007 PMCID: PMC3994898 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skin-derived dendritic cells (DC) are potent antigen presenting cells with critical roles in both adaptive immunity and tolerance to self. Skin DC carry antigens and constitutively migrate to the skin draining lymph nodes (LN). In mice, Langerin-CD11b− dermal DC are a low-frequency, heterogeneous, migratory DC subset that traffic to LN (Langerin-CD11b-migDC). Here, we build on the observation that Langerin-CD11b− migDC are Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) dependent and strongly Flt3L responsive, which may relate them to classical DCs. Examination of DC capture of FITC from painted skin, DC isolation from skin explant culture, and from the skin of CCR7 knockout mice which accumulate migDC, demonstrate these cells are cutaneous residents. Langerin-CD11b-Flt3L responsive DC are largely CD24(+) and CX3CR1low and can be depleted from Zbtb46-DTR mice, suggesting classical DC lineage. Langerin-CD11bmigDC present antigen with equal efficiency to other DC subsets ex vivo including classical CD8α cDC and Langerin+CD103+ dermal DC. Finally, transcriptome analysis suggests a close relationship to other skin DC, and a lineage relationship to other classical DC. This work demonstrates that Langerin- CD11b− dermal DC, a previously overlooked cell subset, may be an important player in the cutaneous immune environment.
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Dendritic cell-based approaches for therapeutic immune regulation in solid-organ transplantation. J Transplant 2013; 2013:761429. [PMID: 24307940 PMCID: PMC3824554 DOI: 10.1155/2013/761429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To avoid immune rejection, allograft recipients require drug-based immunosuppression, which has significant toxicity. An emerging approach is adoptive transfer of immunoregulatory cells. While mature dendritic cells (DCs) present donor antigen to the immune system, triggering rejection, regulatory DCs interact with regulatory T cells to promote immune tolerance. Intravenous injection of immature DCs of either donor or host origin at the time of transplantation have prolonged allograft survival in solid-organ transplant models. DCs can be treated with pharmacological agents before injection, which may attenuate their maturation in vivo. Recent data suggest that injected immunosuppressive DCs may inhibit allograft rejection, not by themselves, but through conventional DCs of the host. Genetically engineered DCs have also been tested. Two clinical trials in type-1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis have been carried out, and other trials, including one trial in kidney transplantation, are in progress or are imminent.
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48
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Eyrich M, Rachor J, Schreiber SC, Wölfl M, Schlegel PG. Dendritic cell vaccination in pediatric gliomas: lessons learnt and future perspectives. Front Pediatr 2013; 1:12. [PMID: 24400258 PMCID: PMC3860891 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2013.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy of malignant gliomas with autologous dendritic cells (DCs) in addition to surgery and radiochemotherapy has been a focus of intense research during the past decade. Since both children and adults are affected by this highly aggressive brain tumor, 10-15% of the several hundred vaccinated patients represent children, making pediatric glioma patients the largest uniform pediatric vaccination cohort so far. In general, DC vaccination in malignant gliomas has been shown to be safe and several studies with a non-vaccinated control group could clearly demonstrate a survival benefit for the vaccinated patients. Interestingly, children and adolescents below 21 years of age seem to benefit even more than adult patients. This review summarizes the findings of the 25 clinical trials published so far and gives a perspective how DC vaccination could be implemented as part of multimodal therapeutic strategies in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Eyrich
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Rachor
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susanne C Schreiber
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wölfl
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paul G Schlegel
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg Würzburg, Germany
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Quéré P, Pierre J, Hoang MD, Esnault E, Domenech J, Sibille P, Dimier-Poisson I. Presence of dendritic cells in chicken spleen cell preparations and their functional interaction with the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2013; 153:57-69. [PMID: 23477930 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide epizootic disease of mammals. Chickens, albeit being less susceptible, can be contaminated in free-range flocks and may have an important role in parasite transmission. Plastic adherence selection of chicken spleen cells enriched 8F2+ (putative chicken CD11c) MHC II+ cells of the myeloid type; however, we did not succeed to separate dendritic cells from macrophages using their feature to become loosely adherent after culture as in mammals. Still we clearly identified dendritic-like cells being morphologically distinguishable from macrophages in the KUL01 (macrophage marker) negative fraction, exhibiting responsiveness to LPS and parasite extracts by developing characteristic cellular protrusions as well as a minor phagocytic incorporation of dead parasites. Live T. gondii tachyzoites were able to invade the two different types of myeloid adherent cells, to replicate, and to induce an overall decrease in the expression of MHC II and co-stimulatory molecules, CD80 and CD40. Our data indicate that dendritic cells in addition to macrophages may have a role in hiding viable replicating T. gondii tachyzoites from the immune system and in shuttling them to different organs in the chicken as previously described for different Apicomplexa infecting mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Quéré
- INRA, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Equipe PIA, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
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Chaudhary O, Bala M, Singh J, Hazarika A, Kumar R, Luthra K. The DC-SIGNR 7/5 Genotype is Associated with High Dendritic Cell Counts and Their Subsets in Patients Infected with HIV-1. J Clin Immunol 2013; 33:788-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-013-9868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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