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Neumayer SM, Bauer N, Basun S, Conner BS, Susner MA, Lavrentovich MO, Maksymovych P. Dynamic Stabilization of Metastable States in Triple-Well Ferroelectric Sn 2 P 2 S 6. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211194. [PMID: 36921328 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Polarization dynamics in ferroelectric materials is governed by the effective potential energy landscape of the order parameter. The unique aspect of ferroelectrics compared to many other transitions is the possibility of more than two potential wells, leading to complicated energy landscapes with new fundamental and functional properties. Here, direct dynamic evidence is revealed of a triple-well potential in the metal thiophosphate Sn2 P2 S6 compound using multivariate scanning probe microscopy combined with theoretical simulations. The key finding is that the metastable zero polarization state can be accessed through a gradual switching process and is stabilized over a broad range of electric fields. Simulations confirm that the observed zero polarization state originates from a kinetic stabilization of the nonpolar state of the triple-well, as opposed to domain walls. Dynamically, the triple-well of Sn2 P2 S6 becomes equivalent to antiferroelectric hysteresis loops. Therefore, this material combines the robust and well-defined domain structure of a proper ferroelectric with dynamic hysteresis loops present in antiferroelectrics. Moreover, the triple-well enhances mem-capacitive effects in Sn2 P2 S6 , which are forbidden for ideal double-well ferroelectrics. These findings provide a path to tunable electronic elements for beyond binary high-density computing devices and neuromorphic circuits based on dynamic properties of the triple-well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine M Neumayer
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Nora Bauer
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Sergey Basun
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2179 12th Street, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 45433, USA
- Azimuth Corporation, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway, Suite 230, Beavercreek, OH, 45431, USA
| | - Benjamin S Conner
- Sensors Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, 2241 Avionics Circle, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 45433, USA
- National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 20001, USA
| | - Michael A Susner
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Maxim O Lavrentovich
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Petro Maksymovych
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
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Yamaletdinov RD, Ivakhnenko OV, Sedelnikova OV, Shevchenko SN, Pershin YV. Snap-through transition of buckled graphene membranes for memcapacitor applications. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3566. [PMID: 29476169 PMCID: PMC5824796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Using computational and theoretical approaches, we investigate the snap-through transition of buckled graphene membranes. Our main interest is related to the possibility of using the buckled membrane as a plate of capacitor with memory (memcapacitor). For this purpose, we performed molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations and elasticity theory calculations of the up-to-down and down-to-up snap-through transitions for membranes of several sizes. We have obtained expressions for the threshold switching forces for both up-to-down and down-to-up transitions. Moreover, the up-to-down threshold switching force was calculated using the density functional theory (DFT). Our DFT results are in general agreement with MD and analytical theory findings. Our systematic approach can be used for the description of other structures, including nanomechanical and biological ones, experiencing the snap-through transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan D Yamaletdinov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Oleg V Ivakhnenko
- B. I. Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering, Kharkov, 61103, Ukraine
- V. N. Karazin Kharkov National University, Kharkov, 61022, Ukraine
| | - Olga V Sedelnikova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Sergey N Shevchenko
- B. I. Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering, Kharkov, 61103, Ukraine
- V. N. Karazin Kharkov National University, Kharkov, 61022, Ukraine
| | - Yuriy V Pershin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA.
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Slipko VA, Pershin YV. Metastable memristive lines for signal transmission and information processing applications. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:042213. [PMID: 28505797 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.042213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Traditional studies of memristive devices have mainly focused on their applications in nonvolatile information storage and information processing. Here, we demonstrate that the third fundamental component of information technologies-the transfer of information-can also be employed with memristive devices. For this purpose, we introduce a metastable memristive circuit. Combining metastable memristive circuits into a line, one obtains an architecture capable of transferring a signal edge from one space location to another. We emphasize that the suggested metastable memristive lines employ only resistive circuit components. Moreover, their networks (for example, Y-connected lines) have an information processing capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy A Slipko
- Department of Physics and Technology, V. N. Karazin Kharkov National University, Kharkov 61022, Ukraine.,Institute of Physics, Opole University, Opole 45-052, Poland
| | - Yuriy V Pershin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA.,Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Hartmann F, Maier P, Rebello Sousa Dias M, Göpfert S, Castelano LK, Emmerling M, Schneider C, Höfling S, Kamp M, Pershin YV, Marques GE, Lopez-Richard V, Worschech L. Nanoscale Tipping Bucket Effect in a Quantum Dot Transistor-Based Counter. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:2273-2279. [PMID: 28296417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Electronic circuits composed of one or more elements with inherent memory, that is, memristors, memcapacitors, and meminductors, offer lower circuit complexity and enhanced functionality for certain computational tasks. Networks of these elements are proposed for novel computational paradigms that rely on information processing and storage on the same physical platform. We show a nanoscaled memdevice able to act as an electronic analogue of tipping buckets that allows reducing the dimensionality and complexity of a sensing problem by transforming it into a counting problem. The device offers a well adjustable, tunable, and reliable periodic reset that is controlled by the amounts of transferred quantum dot charges per gate voltage sweep. When subjected to periodic voltage sweeps, the quantum dot (bucket) may require up to several sweeps before a rapid full discharge occurs thus displaying period doubling, period tripling, and so on between self-governing reset operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hartmann
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - P Maier
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Rebello Sousa Dias
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos , 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - S Göpfert
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - L K Castelano
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos , 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Emmerling
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - C Schneider
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Höfling
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews , St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - M Kamp
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Y V Pershin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - G E Marques
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos , 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V Lopez-Richard
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de São Carlos , 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Worschech
- Technische Physik and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Pershin YV, Shevchenko SN. Computing with volatile memristors: an application of non-pinched hysteresis. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:075204. [PMID: 27973349 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa53bf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of in-memory computing with volatile memristive devices, namely, memristors requiring a power source to sustain their memory, is demonstrated theoretically. We have adopted a hysteretic graphene-based field emission structure as a prototype of a volatile memristor, which is characterized by a non-pinched hysteresis loop. A memristive model of the structure is developed and used to simulate a polymorphic circuit implementing stateful logic gates, such as the material implication. Specific regions of parameter space realizing useful logic functions are identified. Our results are applicable to other realizations of volatile memory devices, such as certain NEMS switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y V Pershin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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