1
|
Kang JA, Kim YJ, Jang KY, Moon HW, Lee H, Lee S, Song HK, Cho SW, Yoo YS, Han HG, Kim MJ, Chung MJ, Choi CY, Lee C, Chung C, Hur GM, Kim YS, Jeon YJ. SIRT1 ISGylation accelerates tumor progression by unleashing SIRT1 from the inactive state to promote its deacetylase activity. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:656-673. [PMID: 38443596 PMCID: PMC10985095 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
ISG15 is an interferon-stimulated ubiquitin-like protein (UBL) with multifaceted roles as a posttranslational modifier in ISG15 conjugation (ISGylation). However, the mechanistic consequences of ISGylation in cancer have not been fully elucidated, largely due to a lack of knowledge on the ISG15 target repertoire. Here, we identified SIRT1, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase, as a new target for ISGylation. SIRT1 ISGylation impairs the association of SIRT1 with its negative regulator, deleted in breast cancer 1 (DBC1), which unleashes SIRT1 from its inactive state and leads to an increase in its deacetylase activity. Importantly, SIRT1 ISGylation promoted lung cancer progression and limited lung cancer cell sensitivity to DNA damage-based therapeutics in vivo and in vitro models. The levels of ISG15 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in lung cancer tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. Accordingly, elevated expression of SIRT1 and ISG15 was associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients, a finding that could be translated for lung cancer patient stratification and disease outcome evaluation. Taken together, our findings provide a mechanistic understanding of the regulatory effect of SIRT1 ISGylation on tumor progression and therapeutic efficacy in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji An Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Moon
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeseung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonjeong Lee
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Sun Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Gyeong Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ju Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Ja Chung
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Yong Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolju Lee
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeuk Chung
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Sun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Ajou University, School of Medicine & Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang T, Xu L, Guo X, Tao H, Liu Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Meng X. The potential of herbal drugs to treat heart failure: The roles of Sirt1/AMPK. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:157-176. [PMID: 38464786 PMCID: PMC10921247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a highly morbid syndrome that seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients and generates an enormous socio-economic burden. In addition to cardiac myocyte oxidative stress and apoptosis, which are considered mechanisms for the development of HF, alterations in cardiac energy metabolism and pathological autophagy also contribute to cardiac abnormalities and ultimately HF. Silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases and phosphorylated kinases, respectively. They play similar roles in regulating some pathological processes of the heart through regulating targets such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), protein 38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). We summarized the synergistic effects of Sirt1 and AMPK in the heart, and listed the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that exhibit cardioprotective properties by modulating the Sirt1/AMPK pathway, to provide a basis for the development of Sirt1/AMPK activators or inhibitors for the treatment of HF and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Lei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiaowei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Honglin Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xianfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan, Sichuan, 620032, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Allemann MS, Lee P, Beer JH, Saeedi Saravi SS. Targeting the redox system for cardiovascular regeneration in aging. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e14020. [PMID: 37957823 PMCID: PMC10726899 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular aging presents a formidable challenge, as the aging process can lead to reduced cardiac function and heightened susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases. Consequently, there is an escalating, unmet medical need for innovative and effective cardiovascular regeneration strategies aimed at restoring and rejuvenating aging cardiovascular tissues. Altered redox homeostasis and the accumulation of oxidative damage play a pivotal role in detrimental changes to stem cell function and cellular senescence, hampering regenerative capacity in aged cardiovascular system. A mounting body of evidence underscores the significance of targeting redox machinery to restore stem cell self-renewal and enhance their differentiation potential into youthful cardiovascular lineages. Hence, the redox machinery holds promise as a target for optimizing cardiovascular regenerative therapies. In this context, we delve into the current understanding of redox homeostasis in regulating stem cell function and reprogramming processes that impact the regenerative potential of the cardiovascular system. Furthermore, we offer insights into the recent translational and clinical implications of redox-targeting compounds aimed at enhancing current regenerative therapies for aging cardiovascular tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meret Sarah Allemann
- Center for Molecular CardiologyUniversity of ZurichSchlierenSwitzerland
- Department of Internal MedicineCantonal Hospital BadenBadenSwitzerland
| | - Pratintip Lee
- Center for Molecular CardiologyUniversity of ZurichSchlierenSwitzerland
- Department of Internal MedicineCantonal Hospital BadenBadenSwitzerland
| | - Jürg H. Beer
- Center for Molecular CardiologyUniversity of ZurichSchlierenSwitzerland
- Department of Internal MedicineCantonal Hospital BadenBadenSwitzerland
| | - Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, Department of CardiologyUniversity Hospital Zurich, University of ZurichSchlierenSwitzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Enkhjargal B, De Leon SSP, Tsukahara Y, Liu H, Huangfu Y, Wang Y, Seabra PM, Yang X, Goodman J, Wan X, Chitalia V, Han J, Seta F. Redox Dysregulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Sirtuin-1 in Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm in Marfan Syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:e339-e357. [PMID: 37288573 PMCID: PMC10524979 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) are abnormal aortic dilatations and a major cardiovascular complication of Marfan syndrome. We previously demonstrated a critical role for vascular smooth muscle (VSM) SirT1 (sirtuin-1), a lysine deacetylase, against maladaptive aortic remodeling associated with chronic oxidative stress and aberrant activation of MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases). METHODS In this study, we investigated whether redox dysregulation of SirT1 contributed to the pathogenesis of TAA using fibrillin-1 hypomorphic mice (Fbn1mgR/mgR), an established model of Marfan syndrome prone to aortic dissection/rupture. RESULTS Oxidative stress markers 3-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal were significantly elevated in aortas of patients with Marfan syndrome. Moreover, reversible oxidative post-translational modifications (rOPTM) of protein cysteines, particularly S-glutathionylation, were dramatically increased in aortas of Fbn1mgR/mgR mice, before induction of severe oxidative stress markers. Fbn1mgR/mgR aortas and VSM cells exhibited an increase in rOPTM of SirT1, coinciding with the upregulation of acetylated proteins, an index of decreased SirT1 activity, and increased MMP2/9 activity. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that TGFβ (transforming growth factor beta), which was increased in Fbn1mgR/mgR aortas, stimulated rOPTM of SirT1, decreasing its deacetylase activity in VSM cells. VSM cell-specific deletion of SirT1 in Fbn1mgR/mgR mice (SMKO-Fbn1mgR/mgR) caused a dramatic increase in aortic MMP2 expression and worsened TAA progression, leading to aortic rupture in 50% of SMKO-Fbn1mgR/mgR mice, compared with 25% of Fbn1mgR/mgR mice. rOPTM of SirT1, rOPTM-mediated inhibition of SirT1 activity, and increased MMP2/9 activity were all exacerbated by the deletion of Glrx (glutaredoxin-1), a specific deglutathionylation enzyme, while being corrected by overexpression of Glrx or of an oxidation-resistant SirT1 mutant in VSM cells. CONCLUSIONS Our novel findings strongly suggest a causal role of S-glutathionylation of SirT1 in the pathogenesis of TAA. Prevention or reversal of SirT1 rOPTM may be a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent TAA and TAA dissection/ruptures in individuals with Marfan syndrome, for which, thus far, no targeted therapy has been developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Budbazar Enkhjargal
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Yuko Tsukahara
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hanxiao Liu
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuhao Huangfu
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pedro Maria Seabra
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoqiu Yang
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jena Goodman
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xueping Wan
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vipul Chitalia
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingyan Han
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesca Seta
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee YH, Kim SJ, Surh YJ. Role of Post-translational Modification of Silent Mating Type Information Regulator 2 Homolog 1 in Cancer and Other Disorders. J Cancer Prev 2022; 27:157-169. [PMID: 36258719 PMCID: PMC9537581 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2022.27.3.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Silent mating type information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent histone/protein deacetylase, has multifarious physiological roles in development, metabolic regulation, and stress response. Thus, its abnormal expression or malfunction is implicated in pathogenesis of various diseases. SIRT1 undergoes post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, oxidation/reduction, carbonylation, nitrosylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination/deubiquitination, SUMOylation etc. which can modulate its catalytic activity, stability, subcellular localization, and also binding affinity for substrate proteins. This short review highlights the regulation of SIRT1 post-translational modifications and their pathophysiologic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hwa Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea,Correspondence to Young-Joon Surh, E-mail: , https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8310-1795
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bevere M, Di Cola G, Santangelo C, Grazioli E, Marramiero L, Pignatelli P, Bondi D, Mrakic-Sposta S. Redox-based disruption of cellular hormesis and promotion of degenerative pathways: perspectives on ageing processes. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:2195-2206. [PMID: 35973816 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work aims to link the redox and cell-centric theories of chronic processes in human biology, focusing on ageing. A synthetic overview of cellular redox pathways will be integrated by the concept of hormesis, which disruption leads to several physiopathological processes. The onset of age-related diseases due to the restriction of homeodynamic capacity will be herein considered in a redox fashion. Up-to-date arguments on hormetic agents, such as geroprotectors, dietary interventions, and physical exercise are refining the presented theoretical framework, integrated by insights from extracellular vesicles, microbiota, pollutants, and timing mechanisms. The broad concepts of exposome encompass the redox-based alteration of cellular hormesis for providing meaningful perspectives on redox biogerontology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Bevere
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Laboratory of Functional Biotechnologies, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giulia Di Cola
- Cancer Genetics Unit, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milano, Italy
| | - Carmen Santangelo
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Elisa Grazioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy.,Department of Human, Movement Sciences and Health, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Roma, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Marramiero
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Pamela Pignatelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy.,Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Danilo Bondi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simona Mrakic-Sposta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council (ICF-CNR), Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Role of Posttranslational Modifications of Proteins in Cardiovascular Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3137329. [PMID: 35855865 PMCID: PMC9288287 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3137329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, making it an urgent concern. Although some studies have been performed on CVD, its molecular mechanism remains largely unknown for all types of CVD. However, recent in vivo and in vitro studies have successfully identified the important roles of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) in various diseases, including CVD. Protein modification, also known as PTMs, refers to the chemical modification of specific amino acid residues after protein biosynthesis, which is a key process that can influence the activity or expression level of proteins. Studies on PTMs have contributed directly to improving the therapeutic strategies for CVD. In this review, we examined recent progress on PTMs and highlighted their importance in both physiological and pathological conditions of the cardiovascular system. Overall, the findings of this review contribute to the understanding of PTMs and their potential roles in the treatment of CVD.
Collapse
|
8
|
Tsukahara Y, Ferran B, Minetti ET, Chong BSH, Gower AC, Bachschmid MM, Matsui R. Administration of Glutaredoxin-1 Attenuates Liver Fibrosis Caused by Aging and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:867. [PMID: 35624731 PMCID: PMC9138033 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a sign of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression towards steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis and is accelerated by aging. Glutaredoxin-1 (Glrx) controls redox signaling by reversing protein S-glutathionylation, induced by oxidative stress, and its deletion causes fatty liver in mice. Although Glrx regulates various pathways, including metabolism and apoptosis, the impact of Glrx on liver fibrosis has not been studied. Therefore, we evaluated the role of Glrx in liver fibrosis induced by aging or by a high-fat, high-fructose diet. We found that: (1) upregulation of Glrx expression level inhibits age-induced hepatic apoptosis and liver fibrosis. In vitro studies indicate that Glrx regulates Fas-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes; (2) diet-induced NASH leads to reduced expression of Glrx and higher levels of S-glutathionylated proteins in the liver. In the NASH model, hepatocyte-specific adeno-associated virus-mediated Glrx overexpression (AAV-Hep-Glrx) suppresses fibrosis and apoptosis and improves liver function; (3) AAV-Hep-Glrx significantly inhibits transcription of Zbtb16 and negatively regulates immune pathways in the NASH liver. In conclusion, the upregulation of Glrx is a potential therapeutic for the reversal of NASH progression by attenuating inflammatory and fibrotic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Tsukahara
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.T.); (B.F.); (E.T.M.); (B.S.H.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Beatriz Ferran
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.T.); (B.F.); (E.T.M.); (B.S.H.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Erika T. Minetti
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.T.); (B.F.); (E.T.M.); (B.S.H.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Brian S. H. Chong
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.T.); (B.F.); (E.T.M.); (B.S.H.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Adam C. Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Markus M. Bachschmid
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.T.); (B.F.); (E.T.M.); (B.S.H.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Reiko Matsui
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Y.T.); (B.F.); (E.T.M.); (B.S.H.C.); (M.M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Chao Y, Zhang J, Jia Y, Tie J, Hu D. Regulation of SIRT1 and Its Roles in Inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:831168. [PMID: 35359990 PMCID: PMC8962665 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.831168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) protein, a highly conserved NAD+-dependent deacetylase belonging to the sirtuin family, is a post-translational regulator that plays a role in modulating inflammation. SIRT1 affects multiple biological processes by deacetylating a variety of proteins including histones and non-histone proteins. Recent studies have revealed intimate links between SIRT1 and inflammation, while alterations to SIRT1 expression and activity have been linked to inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms that regulate SIRT1 expression, including upstream activators and suppressors that operate on the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. We also summarize factors that influence SIRT1 activity including the NAD+/NADH ratio, SIRT1 binding partners, and post-translational modifications. Furthermore, we underscore the role of SIRT1 in the development of inflammation by commenting on the proteins that are targeted for deacetylation by SIRT1. Finally, we highlight the potential for SIRT1-based therapeutics for inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yunwei Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yongyi Chao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jinxin Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanhui Jia
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun Tie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Dahai Hu, ; Jun Tie,
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Dahai Hu, ; Jun Tie,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lin Z, Ding Q, Li X, Feng Y, He H, Huang C, Zhu Y. Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms in Vascular Aging. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:806988. [PMID: 35059451 PMCID: PMC8764463 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.806988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Environment, diseases, lack of exercise, and aged tendency of population have becoming crucial factors that induce vascular aging. Vascular aging is unmodifiable risk factor for diseases like diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and hyperlipidemia. Effective interventions to combat this vascular function decline is becoming increasingly urgent as the rising hospitalization rate caused by vascular aging-related diseases. Fortunately, recent transformative omics approaches have enabled us to examine vascular aging mechanisms at unprecedented levels and precision, which make our understanding of slowing down or reversing vascular aging become possible. Epigenetic viz. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA-based mechanisms, is a hallmark of vascular aging, its deregulation leads to aberrant transcription changes in tissues. Epigenetics mechanisms by mediating covalent modifications to DNA and histone proteins, consequently, influence the sensitivity and activities of signaling pathways in cells and tissues. A growing body of evidence supports correlations between epigenetic changes and vascular aging. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive overview of epigenetic changes associated with vascular aging based on the recent findings with a focus on molecular mechanisms of action, strategies to reverse epigenetic changes, and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and National Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, School of Pharmaceutic Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xinzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yuliang Feng
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hao He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Chuoji Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - YiZhun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kalous KS, Wynia-Smith SL, Smith BC. Sirtuin Oxidative Post-translational Modifications. Front Physiol 2021; 12:763417. [PMID: 34899389 PMCID: PMC8652059 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.763417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased sirtuin deacylase activity is correlated with increased lifespan and healthspan in eukaryotes. Conversely, decreased sirtuin deacylase activity is correlated with increased susceptibility to aging-related diseases. However, the mechanisms leading to decreased sirtuin activity during aging are poorly understood. Recent work has shown that oxidative post-translational modification by reactive oxygen (ROS) or nitrogen (RNS) species results in inhibition of sirtuin deacylase activity through cysteine nitrosation, glutathionylation, sulfenylation, and sulfhydration as well as tyrosine nitration. The prevalence of ROS/RNS (e.g., nitric oxide, S-nitrosoglutathione, hydrogen peroxide, oxidized glutathione, and peroxynitrite) is increased during inflammation and as a result of electron transport chain dysfunction. With age, cellular production of ROS/RNS increases; thus, cellular oxidants may serve as a causal link between loss of sirtuin activity and aging-related disease development. Therefore, the prevention of inhibitory oxidative modification may represent a novel means to increase sirtuin activity during aging. In this review, we explore the role of cellular oxidants in inhibiting individual sirtuin human isoform deacylase activity and clarify the relevance of ROS/RNS as regulatory molecules of sirtuin deacylase activity in the context of health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey S Kalous
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Sarah L Wynia-Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Brian C Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Begum MK, Konja D, Singh S, Chlopicki S, Wang Y. Endothelial SIRT1 as a Target for the Prevention of Arterial Aging: Promises and Challenges. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:S63-S77. [PMID: 34840264 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT SIRT1, a member of the sirtuin family of longevity regulators, possesses potent activities preventing vascular aging. The expression and function of SIRT1 in endothelial cells are downregulated with age, in turn causing early vascular aging and predisposing various vascular abnormalities. Overexpression of SIRT1 in the vascular endothelium prevents aging-associated endothelial dysfunction and senescence, thus the development of hypertension and atherosclerosis. Numerous efforts have been directed to increase SIRT1 signaling as a potential strategy for different aging-associated diseases. However, the complex mechanisms underlying the regulation of SIRT1 have posed a significant challenge toward the design of specific and effective therapeutics. This review aimed to provide a summary on the regulation and function of SIRT1 in the vascular endothelium and to discuss the different approaches targeting this molecule for the prevention and treatment of age-related cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Musammat Kulsuma Begum
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- The Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniels Konja
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- The Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sandeep Singh
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- The Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; and
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Yu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- The Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qiu Y, Zhou X, Liu Y, Tan S, Li Y. The Role of Sirtuin-1 in Immune Response and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:632383. [PMID: 33981300 PMCID: PMC8110204 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.632383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a potentially fatal multisystem inflammatory chronic disorder, the etiology and pathogenesis of which remain unclear. The loss of immune tolerance in SLE patients contributes to the production of autoantibodies that attack multiple organs and tissues, such as the skin, joints, and kidneys. Immune cells play important roles in the occurrence and progression of SLE through amplified immune responses. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase, has been shown to be a pivotal regulator in various physiological processes, including cell differentiation, apoptosis, metabolism, aging, and immune responses, via modulation of different signaling pathways, such as the nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells and activator protein 1 pathways. Recent studies have provided evidence that SIRT1 could be a regulatory element in the immune system, whose altered functions are likely relevant to SLE development. This review aims to illustrate the functions of SIRT1 in different types of immune cells and the potential roles of SIRT1 in the SLE pathogenesis and its therapeutic perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueqi Qiu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siqi Tan
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaping Li
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Autophagy and Redox Homeostasis in Parkinson's: A Crucial Balancing Act. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8865611. [PMID: 33224433 PMCID: PMC7671810 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8865611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are generated primarily from endogenous biochemical reactions in mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and peroxisomes. Typically, ROS/RNS correlate with oxidative damage and cell death; however, free radicals are also crucial for normal cellular functions, including supporting neuronal homeostasis. ROS/RNS levels influence and are influenced by antioxidant systems, including the catabolic autophagy pathways. Autophagy is an intracellular lysosomal degradation process by which invasive, damaged, or redundant cytoplasmic components, including microorganisms and defunct organelles, are removed to maintain cellular homeostasis. This process is particularly important in neurons that are required to cope with prolonged and sustained operational stress. Consequently, autophagy is a primary line of protection against neurodegenerative diseases. Parkinson's is caused by the loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons (mDANs), resulting in progressive disruption of the nigrostriatal pathway, leading to motor, behavioural, and cognitive impairments. Mitochondrial dysfunction, with associated increases in oxidative stress, and declining proteostasis control, are key contributors during mDAN demise in Parkinson's. In this review, we analyse the crosstalk between autophagy and redoxtasis, including the molecular mechanisms involved and the detrimental effect of an imbalance in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's.
Collapse
|
15
|
Camargo TF, Zanesco AM, Pacher KAS, Andrade TAM, Alves AA, do Amaral MEC. Physiological profile regulation during weight gain and loss by ovariectomized females: importance of SIRT1 and SIRT4. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E769-E778. [PMID: 32865007 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00465.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity in menopausal women occurs because of the systemic effects of loss of ovarian function, resulting in increased body weight and oxidative stress. Caloric restriction (CR) is essential for weight loss, since it provides benefits associated with metabolic normalization resulting from the action of sirtuins. The aim of this work was to evaluate the physiological effects of weight cycling in ovariectomized females. Females aged 2 mo (n = 8/group) were submitted to simulated surgery, ovariectomy (OVX group), and ovariectomy with weight fluctuation (WF group). In the WF group, weight cycling was performed two times, using 21 days of ad libitum commercial feed and 21 days of caloric restriction with 40% of the feed consumed by the OVX group. After 17 wk, the animals were evaluated experimentally. Weight fluctuations reduced triacylglycerol and the adipose tissue index of the WF animals, while increasing the expression of antioxidant proteins. In addition to causing fluctuations in the physiological parameters, the weight cycling led to increases of adipocyte number and serum fatty acids. These effects were reflected in increased expression of the sirtuin (SIRT) 1 and SIRT4 proteins, as well as protein complexes of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, especially in the liver and adipose tissues. The weight-cycling results suggested that mitochondrial and nuclear sirtuins were active in cellular signaling for the control of lipid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and redox status. Weight cycling was able to restore the health characteristics of lean animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Furtado Camargo
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, FHO/UNIARARAS, Araras, Sãu Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ariane Maria Zanesco
- College of Biomedicine, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, Araras, Sãu Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kayo Augusto Salandin Pacher
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, FHO/UNIARARAS, Araras, Sãu Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Role of Glutaredoxin-1 and Glutathionylation in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186803. [PMID: 32948023 PMCID: PMC7555996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, and as rates continue to increase, discovering mechanisms and therapeutic targets become increasingly important. An underlying cause of most cardiovascular diseases is believed to be excess reactive oxygen or nitrogen species. Glutathione, the most abundant cellular antioxidant, plays an important role in the body’s reaction to oxidative stress by forming reversible disulfide bridges with a variety of proteins, termed glutathionylation (GSylation). GSylation can alter the activity, function, and structure of proteins, making it a major regulator of cellular processes. Glutathione-protein mixed disulfide bonds are regulated by glutaredoxins (Glrxs), thioltransferase members of the thioredoxin family. Glrxs reduce GSylated proteins and make them available for another redox signaling cycle. Glrxs and GSylation play an important role in cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial ischemia and reperfusion, cardiac hypertrophy, peripheral arterial disease, and atherosclerosis. This review primarily concerns the role of GSylation and Glrxs, particularly glutaredoxin-1 (Glrx), in cardiovascular diseases and the potential of Glrx as therapeutic agents.
Collapse
|
17
|
Goetz CJ, Sprague DJ, Smith BC. Development of activity-based probes for the protein deacylase Sirt1. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104232. [PMID: 32911193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent protein deacylases that remove acyl modifications from acyl-lysine residues, resulting in essential cellular signaling. Recognized for their role in lifespan extension, humans encode seven sirtuin isoforms (Sirt1-7), and loss of sirtuin deacylase activity is implicated in many aging-related diseases. Despite being intriguing therapeutic targets, cellular studies of sirtuins are hampered by the lack of chemical probes to measure sirtuin activity independent of sirtuin protein levels. Here, we use a modular, peptide-based approach to develop activity-based probes (ABPs) that directly measure Sirt1 activity in vitro and in cell lysates. ABPs were synthesized containing four elements: (1) thioacetyl-lysine for mechanism-based affinity towards only active sirtuins, (2) either histone H3 lysine-14 (H3K14) or p53 sequences for Sirt1 specificity, (3) a diazirine for covalent labeling upon UV irradiation, and (4) an alkyne for bioorthogonal conjugation to a fluorophore for gel-based detection of active Sirt1. Compared to the H3K14 ABP, the p53 ABP showed increased sensitivity and selective labeling of active Sirt1. Acyl-lysine peptide competition, pharmacological inhibition, and inhibitory post-translational modification of Sirt1 resulted in the loss of p53 ABP labeling both in vitro and in HEK293T cell lysates, consistent with the ABP measuring decreased Sirt1 activity. Furthermore, the p53 ABP measured subcellular Sirt1 activity in MCF7 breast cancer cells. The development of a Sirt1-selective ABP that detects Sirt1 activity with an order of magnitude increased sensitivity compared to previous approaches demonstrates the utility of a modular, peptide-based approach for selective-targeting of the sirtuin protein family and provides a framework for further development of sirtuin-selective chemical probes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Goetz
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Chemical Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Daniel J Sprague
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Chemical Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Brian C Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Chemical Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Budbazar E, Rodriguez F, Sanchez JM, Seta F. The Role of Sirtuin-1 in the Vasculature: Focus on Aortic Aneurysm. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1047. [PMID: 32982786 PMCID: PMC7477329 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin-1 (SirT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase and the best characterized member of the sirtuins family in mammalians. Sirtuin-1 shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus, where it deacetylates histones and non-histone proteins involved in a plethora of cellular processes, including survival, growth, metabolism, senescence, and stress resistance. In this brief review, we summarize the current knowledge on the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-senescence effects of SirT1 with an emphasis on vascular diseases. Specifically, we describe recent research advances on SirT1-mediated molecular mechanisms in aortic aneurysm (AA), and how these processes relate to oxidant stress and the heme-oxygenase (HO) system. HO-1 and HO-2 catalyze the rate-limiting step of cellular heme degradation and, similar to SirT1, HO-1 exerts beneficial effects in the vasculature through the activation of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-proliferative signaling pathways. SirT1 and HO-1 are part of an integrated system for cellular stress tolerance, and may positively interact to regulate vascular function. We further discuss sex differences in HO-1 and SirT1 activity or expression, and the potential interactions between the two proteins, in relation to the progression and severity of AA, as well as the ongoing efforts for translational applications of SirT1 activation and HO-1 induction in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases including AA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enkhjargal Budbazar
- Vascular Biology Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Francisca Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia and Biomedical Research Institute in Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - José M Sanchez
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia and Biomedical Research Institute in Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Francesca Seta
- Vascular Biology Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kalous KS, Wynia-Smith SL, Summers SB, Smith BC. Human sirtuins are differentially sensitive to inhibition by nitrosating agents and other cysteine oxidants. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:8524-8536. [PMID: 32371394 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (e.g. human Sirt1-7) catalyze the removal of acyl groups from lysine residues in proteins in an NAD+-dependent manner, and loss of sirtuin deacylase activity correlates with the development of aging-related diseases. Although multiple reports suggest that sirtuin activity is regulated by oxidative post-translational modifications of cysteines during inflammation and aging, no systematic comparative study of potential direct sirtuin cysteine oxidative modifications has been performed. Here, using IC50 and k inact/KI analyses, we quantified the ability of nitrosothiols (S-nitrosoglutathione and S-nitroso-N-acetyl-d,l-penicillamine), nitric oxide, oxidized GSH, and hydrogen peroxide to post-translationally modify and inhibit the deacylase activity of Sirt1, Sirt2, Sirt3, Sirt5, and Sirt6. The inhibition was correlated with cysteine modification and assessed with chemical-probe and blot-based assays for cysteine S-nitrosation, sulfenylation, and glutathionylation. We show that the primarily nuclear sirtuins Sirt1 and Sirt6, as well as the primarily cytosolic sirtuin Sirt2, are modified and inhibited by cysteine S-nitrosation in response to exposure to both free nitric oxide and nitrosothiols (k inact/KI ≥ 5 m-1 s-1), which is the first report of Sirt2 and Sirt6 inhibition by S-nitrosation. Surprisingly, the mitochondrial sirtuins Sirt3 and Sirt5 were resistant to inhibition by cysteine oxidants. Collectively, these results suggest that nitric oxide-derived oxidants may causatively link nuclear and cytosolic sirtuin inhibition to aging-related inflammatory disease development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey S Kalous
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sarah L Wynia-Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Steven B Summers
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Brian C Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vachharajani V, McCall CE. Sirtuins: potential therapeutic targets for regulating acute inflammatory response? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:489-497. [PMID: 32174215 PMCID: PMC10514892 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1743268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Sirtuins are highly conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) sensors that are considered the guardians of homeostasis. Acute inflammation, which is intended to ward off pathogen invasion, is nature's highly conserved stress-associated and molecular-based survival mechanism for most life forms. Acute inflammatory responses deviate cells from the homeostasis to enable survival. It is not surprising perhaps, that these two must interact in the most dramatic way to preserve homeostasis and preserve life.Areas covered: In this review, we present an overview of sirtuin responses in acute life-threatening inflammatory conditions. We examine how the seven sirtuins (sirtuins 1-7) are responsible for modulating the acute inflammatory response in a context-dependent manner, thus presenting novel therapeutic targets. The database search includes Medline (since 1966) and PubMed (since 1996).Expert opinion: Sirtuins fine-tune the inflammatory response to acute infectious and noninfectious inflammatory stimuli. Modulating sirtuin activity leads to profound changes in inflammatory response. Sirtuin-activating and inhibiting agents are emerging as therapeutic agents to resolve inflammation and promote homeostasis in chronic inflammation. The use of sirtuin modulation in acute life-threatening inflammatory conditions has great potential.
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang P, Huang CX, Gao JJ, Shi Y, Li H, Yan H, Yan SJ, Zhang Z. Resveratrol induces SIRT1-Dependent autophagy to prevent H 2O 2-Induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in HTR8/SVneo cells. Placenta 2020; 91:11-18. [PMID: 31941613 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a serious complication of pregnancy, and the likely pathogenic basis of early onset PE are placental dysfunction and increased oxidative stress. Resveratrol (RES) is a potent antioxidant which has shown beneficial effects in many diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of RES against oxidative stress-induced damage in trophoblasts, and elucidate the potential mechanisms. METHODS We established an in vitro model of oxidative stress by exposing the human first-trimester extravillous trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo to H2O2. The level of oxidative stress was reflected by ROS, MDA and SOD. The viability of cells was determined by the MTS assay. Apoptosis was detected using Annexin V-FITC staining and flow cytometry. Levels of SIRT1(sirtuin 1) and autophagy-related proteins (LC3, Beclin-1, p62) were detected by western blot. Autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS Pre-treatment with RES significantly ameliorated H2O2-induced cytotoxicity, morphological damage, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Mechanistically, RES restored the levels of SIRT1 and autophagy-related proteins including LC3-II, Beclin-1 and p62 that were dysregulated by H2O2. Blocking autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) completely abolished the protective effects of RES, as did knocking down SIRT1. CONCLUSION RES may protect human trophoblasts against H2O2-induced oxidative stress by activating SIRT1-dependent autophagy, and therefore has therapeutic potential in PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Kangfu Front Street, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chen-Xi Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Kangfu Front Street, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jun-Jun Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Kangfu Front Street, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Kangfu Front Street, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Kangfu Front Street, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Huan Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Kangfu Front Street, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Shu-Jun Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Kangfu Front Street, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Kangfu Front Street, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Song SB, Park JS, Chung GJ, Lee IH, Hwang ES. Diverse therapeutic efficacies and more diverse mechanisms of nicotinamide. Metabolomics 2019; 15:137. [PMID: 31587111 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1604-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide (NAM) is a form of vitamin B3 that, when administered at near-gram doses, has been shown or suggested to be therapeutically effective against many diseases and conditions. The target conditions are incredibly diverse ranging from skin disorders such as bullous pemphigoid to schizophrenia and depression and even AIDS. Similar diversity is expected for the underlying mechanisms. In a large portion of the conditions, NAM conversion to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) may be a major factor in its efficacy. The augmentation of cellular NAD+ level not only modulates mitochondrial production of ATP and superoxide, but also activates many enzymes. Activated sirtuin proteins, a family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases, play important roles in many of NAM's effects such as an increase in mitochondrial quality and cell viability countering neuronal damages and metabolic diseases. Meanwhile, certain observed effects are mediated by NAM itself. However, our understanding on the mechanisms of NAM's effects is limited to those involving certain key proteins and may even be inaccurate in some proposed cases. AIM OF REVIEW This review details the conditions that NAM has been shown to or is expected to effectively treat in humans and animals and evaluates the proposed underlying molecular mechanisms, with the intention of promoting wider, safe therapeutic application of NAM. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW NAM, by itself or through altering metabolic balance of NAD+ and tryptophan, modulates mitochondrial function and activities of many molecules and thereby positively affects cell viability and metabolic functions. And, NAM administration appears to be quite safe with limited possibility of side effects which are related to NAM's metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Beom Song
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoulsiripdae-ro 163, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sung Park
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoulsiripdae-ro 163, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu June Chung
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoulsiripdae-ro 163, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hye Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Ewhayeodae-gil 52, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seong Hwang
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoulsiripdae-ro 163, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The anti-cancer drug doxorubicin induces substantial epigenetic changes in cultured cardiomyocytes. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 313:108834. [PMID: 31545955 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used in cancer therapy with the limitation of cardiotoxicity leading to the development of congestive heart failure. DOX-induced oxidative stress and changes of the phosphoproteome as well as epigenome were described but the exact mechanisms of the adverse long-term effects are still elusive. Here, we tested the impact of DOX treatment on cell death, oxidative stress parameters and expression profiles of proteins involved in epigenetic pathways in a cardiomyocyte cell culture model. Markers of oxidative stress, apoptosis and expression of proteins involved in epigenetic processes were assessed by immunoblotting in cultured rat myoblasts (H9c2) upon treatment with DOX (1 or 5 μM for 24 or 48 h) in adherent viable and detached apoptotic cells. The apoptosis markers cleaved caspase-3 and fractin as well as oxidative stress markers 3-nitrotyrosine and malondialdehyde were dose-dependently increased by DOX treatment. Histone deacetylases (SIRT1 and HDAC2), histone lysine demethylases (KDM3A and LSD1) and histone lysine methyltransferases (SET7 and SMYD1) were significantly regulated by DOX treatment with generation of cleaved protein fragments and posttranslational modifications. Overall, we found significant decrease in histone 3 acetylation in DOX-treated cells. DOX treatment of cultured cardiomyocyte precursor cells causes severe cell death by apoptosis associated with cellular oxidative stress. In addition, significant regulation of proteins involved in epigenetic processes and changes in global histone 3 acetylation were observed. However, the significance and clinical impact of these changes remain elusive.
Collapse
|
24
|
Lermant A, Murdoch CE. Cysteine Glutathionylation Acts as a Redox Switch in Endothelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E315. [PMID: 31426416 PMCID: PMC6720164 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative post-translational modifications (oxPTM) of receptors, enzymes, ion channels and transcription factors play an important role in cell signaling. oxPTMs are a key way in which oxidative stress can influence cell behavior during diverse pathological settings such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer, neurodegeneration and inflammatory response. In addition, changes in oxPTM are likely to be ways in which low level reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) may contribute to redox signaling, exerting changes in physiological responses including angiogenesis, cardiac remodeling and embryogenesis. Among oxPTM, S-glutathionylation of reactive cysteines emerges as an important regulator of vascular homeostasis by modulating endothelial cell (EC) responses to their local redox environment. This review summarizes the latest findings of S-glutathionylated proteins in major EC pathways, and the functional consequences on vascular pathophysiology. This review highlights the diversity of molecules affected by S-glutathionylation, and the complex consequences on EC function, thereby demonstrating an intricate dual role of RONS-induced S-glutathionylation in maintaining vascular homeostasis and participating in various pathological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Lermant
- Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Colin E Murdoch
- Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang X, Buechler NL, Long DL, Furdui CM, Yoza BK, McCall CE, Vachharajani V. Cysteine thiol oxidation on SIRT2 regulates inflammation in obese mice with sepsis. Inflammation 2019; 42:156-169. [PMID: 30203196 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0881-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity increases morbidity and mortality in acute illnesses such as sepsis and septic shock. We showed previously that the early/hyper-inflammatory phase of sepsis is exaggerated in obese mice with sepsis; sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) modulates sepsis inflammation in obesity. Evidence suggests that obesity with sepsis is associated with increased oxidative stress. It is unknown whether exaggerated hyper-inflammation of obesity with sepsis modulates the SIRT2 function in return. We showed recently that SIRT6 oxidation during hyper-inflammation of sepsis modulates its glycolytic function. This study tested the hypothesis that increased oxidative stress and direct SIRT2 oxidation exaggerate hyper-inflammation in obesity with sepsis. Using spleen and liver tissue from mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO) we studied oxidized vs. total SIRT2 expression during hyper- and hypo-inflammation of sepsis. To elucidate the mechanism of SIRT2 oxidation (specific modifications of redox-sensitive cysteines) and its effect on inflammation, we performed site-directed mutations of redox-sensitive cysteines Cys221 and Cys224 on SIRT2 to serine (C221S and C224S), transfected HEK293 cells with mutants or WT SIRT2, and studied SIRT2 enzymatic activity and NFĸBp65 deacetylation. Finally, we studied the effect of SIRT2 mutation on LPS-induced inflammation using RAW 264.7 macrophages. In an inverse relationship, total SIRT2 decreased while oxidized SIRT2 expression increased during hyper-inflammation and SIRT2 was unable to deacetylate NFĸBp65 with increased oxidative stress of obesity with sepsis. Mechanistically, both the mutants (C221S and C224S) show decreased (1) SIRT2 enzymatic activity, (2) deacetylation of NFĸBp65, and (3) anti-inflammatory activity in response to LPS vs. WT SIRT2. Direct oxidation modulates SIRT2 function during hyper-inflammatory phase of obesity with sepsis via redox sensitive cysteines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Section on Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Nancy L Buechler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Section on Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - David L Long
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Barbara K Yoza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Charles E McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Vidula Vachharajani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Section on Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Regulation of sirtuin expression in autoimmune neuroinflammation: Induction of SIRT1 in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. Neurosci Lett 2019; 704:116-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
27
|
Vall-Llaura N, Mir N, Garrido L, Vived C, Cabiscol E. Redox control of yeast Sir2 activity is involved in acetic acid resistance and longevity. Redox Biol 2019; 24:101229. [PMID: 31153040 PMCID: PMC6543126 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Yeast Sir2 is an NAD-dependent histone deacetylase related to oxidative stress and aging. In a previous study, we showed that Sir2 is regulated by S-glutathionylation of key cysteine residues located at the catalytic domain. Mutation of these residues results in strains with increased resistance to disulfide stress. In the present study, these mutant cells were highly resistant to acetic acid and had an increased chronological life span. Mutant cells had increased acetyl-CoA synthetase activity, which converts acetic acid generated by yeast metabolism to acetyl.CoA. This could explain the acetic acid resistance and lower levels of this toxic acid in the extracellular media during aging. Increased acetyl-CoA levels would raise lipid droplets, a source of energy during aging, and fuel glyoxylate-dependent gluconeogenesis. The key enzyme of this pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Pck1), showed increased activity in these Sir2 mutant cells during aging. Sir2 activity decreased when cells shifted to the diauxic phase in the mutant strains, compared to the WT strain. Since Pck1 is inactivated through Sir2-dependent deacetylation, the decline in Sir2 activity explained the rise in Pck1 activity. As a consequence, storage of sugars such as trehalose would increase. We conclude that extended longevity observed in the mutants was a combination of increased lipid droplets and trehalose, and decreased acetic acid in the extracellular media. These results offer a deeper understanding of the redox regulation of Sir2 in acetic acid resistance, which is relevant in some food and industrial biotechnology and also in the metabolism associated to calorie restriction, aging and pathologies such as diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Núria Vall-Llaura
- Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Noèlia Mir
- Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Lourdes Garrido
- Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Celia Vived
- Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Elisa Cabiscol
- Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shao D, Yao C, Kim MH, Fry J, Cohen RA, Costello CE, Matsui R, Seta F, McComb ME, Bachschmid MM. Improved mass spectrometry-based activity assay reveals oxidative and metabolic stress as sirtuin-1 regulators. Redox Biol 2019; 22:101150. [PMID: 30877853 PMCID: PMC6423473 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin-1 (SirT1) catalyzes NAD+-dependent protein lysine deacetylation and is a critical regulator of energy and lipid metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, apoptosis, and senescence. Activation of SirT1 mitigates metabolic perturbations associated with diabetes and obesity. Pharmacologic molecules, cellular redox, and nutritional states can regulate SirT1 activity. Technical barriers against measuring endogenous SirT1 activity have limited characterization of SirT1 in disease and its activation by small molecules. Herein, we developed a relative quantitative mass spectrometry-based technique for measuring endogenous SirT1 activity (RAMSSAY/RelAtive Mass Spectrometry Sirt1 Activity assaY) in cell and tissue homogenates using a biotin-labeled, acetylated p53-derived peptide as a substrate. We demonstrate that oxidative and metabolic stress diminish SirT1 activity in the hepatic cell line HepG2. Moreover, pharmacologic molecules including nicotinamide and EX-527 attenuate SirT1 activity; purported activators of SirT1, the polyphenol S17834, the polyphenol resveratrol, or the non-polyphenolic Sirtris compound SRT1720, failed to activate endogenous SirT1 significantly. Furthermore, we provide evidence that feeding a high fat high sucrose diet (HFHS) to mice inhibits endogenous SirT1 activity in mouse liver. In summary, we introduce a robust, specific and sensitive mass spectrometry-based assay for detecting and quantifying endogenous SirT1 activity using a biotin-labeled peptide in cell and tissue lysates. With this assay, we determine how pharmacologic molecules and metabolic and oxidative stress regulate endogenous SirT1 activity. The assay may also be adapted for other sirtuin isoforms. Fast, sensitive, and specific MALDI-TOF based sirtuin-1 activity assay applicable to cell and tissue lysates. Oxidative and metabolic stress inhibit Sirtuin-1 deacetylase activity. Purported activators of SirT1failed to significantly activate endogenous SirT1. The activity assay is adaptable to other sirtuin isoforms using specific synthetic peptides and assay conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Shao
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chunxiang Yao
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maya H Kim
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Fry
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard A Cohen
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine E Costello
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reiko Matsui
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesca Seta
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark E McComb
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Markus M Bachschmid
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Du C, Lin X, Xu W, Zheng F, Cai J, Yang J, Cui Q, Tang C, Cai J, Xu G, Geng B. Sulfhydrated Sirtuin-1 Increasing Its Deacetylation Activity Is an Essential Epigenetics Mechanism of Anti-Atherogenesis by Hydrogen Sulfide. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:184-197. [PMID: 29343087 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a protective role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by multiple pathways. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is a histone deacetylase, as an essential mediated longevity gene, and has an anti-atherogenic effect by regulating the acetylation of some functional proteins. Whether SIRT1 is involved in protecting H2S in atherosclerosis and its mechanism remains unclear. Results: In ApoE-knockout atherosclerosis mice, treatment with an H2S donor (NaHS or GYY4137) reduced atherosclerotic plaque area, macrophage infiltration, aortic inflammation, and plasma lipid level. H2S treatment increased aorta and liver SIRT1 mRNA expression. Overexpression or slicing cystathionine gamma lyase (CSE) also changed intracellular SIRT1 expression. CSE/H2S treatment increased SIRT1 deacetylation in endothelium and hepatocytes and macrophages, then induced deacetylation of its target proteins (P53, P65, and sterol response element binding protein), thereby reducing endothelial and macrophage inflammation and inhibiting macrophage cholesterol uptake and cholesterol de novo synthesis of liver. Also, CSE/H2S induced SIRT1 sulfhydration at its two zinc finger domains, increased its zinc ion binding activity to stabilize the alpha-helix structure, lowered its ubiquitination, and reduced its degradation. Innovation: H2S is a novel SIRT1 activator by direct sulfhydration. Because SIRT1 has a role in longevity, H2S may be a protector for aging-related diseases. Conclusion: Endogenous CSE/H2S directly sulfhydrated SIRT1, enhanced SIRT1 binding to zinc ion, then promoted its deacetylation activity, and increased SIRT1 stability, thus reducing atherosclerotic plaque formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congkuo Du
- 1 MOE Key Lab of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center. Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xianjuan Lin
- 1 MOE Key Lab of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center. Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- 1 MOE Key Lab of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center. Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Fengjiao Zheng
- 1 MOE Key Lab of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center. Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Junyan Cai
- 1 MOE Key Lab of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center. Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jichun Yang
- 1 MOE Key Lab of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center. Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- 1 MOE Key Lab of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center. Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoshu Tang
- 1 MOE Key Lab of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center. Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Cai
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Hypertension Center , Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoheng Xu
- 1 MOE Key Lab of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center. Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Geng
- 1 MOE Key Lab of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center. Beijing , People's Republic of China .,2 State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Hypertension Center , Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
L'honoré A, Commère PH, Negroni E, Pallafacchina G, Friguet B, Drouin J, Buckingham M, Montarras D. The role of Pitx2 and Pitx3 in muscle stem cells gives new insights into P38α MAP kinase and redox regulation of muscle regeneration. eLife 2018; 7:e32991. [PMID: 30106373 PMCID: PMC6191287 DOI: 10.7554/elife.32991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration depends on satellite cells. After injury these muscle stem cells exit quiescence, proliferate and differentiate to regenerate damaged fibres. We show that this progression is accompanied by metabolic changes leading to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Using Pitx2/3 single and double mutant mice that provide genetic models of deregulated redox states, we demonstrate that moderate overproduction of ROS results in premature differentiation of satellite cells while high levels lead to their senescence and regenerative failure. Using the ROS scavenger, N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC), in primary cultures we show that a physiological increase in ROS is required for satellite cells to exit the cell cycle and initiate differentiation through the redox activation of p38α MAP kinase. Subjecting cultured satellite cells to transient inhibition of P38α MAP kinase in conjunction with NAC treatment leads to their rapid expansion, with striking improvement of their regenerative potential in grafting experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurore L'honoré
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS, UMR 3738Institut PasteurParisFrance
- Biological Adaptation and Aging-IBPS, CNRS UMR 8256, INSERM ERL U1164Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParisFrance
| | | | - Elisa Negroni
- Center for Research in MyologySorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParisFrance
| | - Giorgia Pallafacchina
- NeuroscienceInstitute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Italian National Research CouncilUniversityof PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Bertrand Friguet
- Biological Adaptation and Aging-IBPS, CNRS UMR 8256, INSERM ERL U1164Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParisFrance
| | - Jacques Drouin
- Laboratory of Molecular GeneticsInstitut de Recherches Cliniques de MontréalMontréalCanada
| | - Margaret Buckingham
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS, UMR 3738Institut PasteurParisFrance
| | - Didier Montarras
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS, UMR 3738Institut PasteurParisFrance
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lee YH, Song NY, Suh J, Kim DH, Kim W, Ann J, Lee J, Baek JH, Na HK, Surh YJ. Curcumin suppresses oncogenicity of human colon cancer cells by covalently modifying the cysteine 67 residue of SIRT1. Cancer Lett 2018; 431:219-229. [PMID: 29807115 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SIRT1, an NAD+-dependent histone/protein deacetylase, has diverse physiological actions. Recent studies have demonstrated that SIRT1 is overexpressed in colorectal cancer, suggesting its oncogenic potential. However, the molecular mechanisms by which overexpressed SIRT1 induces the progression of colorectal cancer and its inhibition remain largely unknown. Curcumin (diferuloymethane), a major component of the spice turmeric derived from the plant Curcuma longa L., has been reported to exert chemopreventive and anti-carcinogenic effects on colon carcinogenesis. In the present study, we found that curcumin reduced the expression of SIRT1 protein without influencing its mRNA expression in human colon cancer cells, suggesting posttranslational regulation of SIRT1 by this phytochemical. Notably, ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of SIRT1 were induced by curcumin treatment. Results of nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS revealed the direct binding of curcumin to cysteine 67 of SIRT1. In line with this result, the protein stability and clonogenicity of a mutant SIRT1 in which cysteine 67 was substituted by alanine were unaffected by curcumin. Taken together, these observations suggest that curcumin facilitates the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic SIRT1 through covalent modification of SIRT1 at the cysteine 67 residue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hwa Lee
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Young Song
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Suh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonki Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyae Ann
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewoo Lee
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Heum Baek
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Na
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Knowledge-Based Services Engineering, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, 01133, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lou PH, Lucchinetti E, Scott KY, Huang Y, Gandhi M, Hersberger M, Clanachan AS, Lemieux H, Zaugg M. Alterations in fatty acid metabolism and sirtuin signaling characterize early type-2 diabetic hearts of fructose-fed rats. Physiol Rep 2018; 5:5/16/e13388. [PMID: 28830979 PMCID: PMC5582268 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that skeletal muscle insulin resistance is the hallmark of type‐2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), inflexibility in substrate energy metabolism has been observed in other tissues such as liver, adipose tissue, and heart. In the heart, structural and functional changes ultimately lead to diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, little is known about the early biochemical changes that cause cardiac metabolic dysregulation and dysfunction. We used a dietary model of fructose‐induced T2DM (10% fructose in drinking water for 6 weeks) to study cardiac fatty acid metabolism in early T2DM and related signaling events in order to better understand mechanisms of disease. In early type‐2 diabetic hearts, flux through the fatty acid oxidation pathway was increased as a result of increased cellular uptake (CD36), mitochondrial uptake (CPT1B), as well as increased β‐hydroxyacyl‐CoA dehydrogenase and medium‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase activities, despite reduced mitochondrial mass. Long‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase activity was slightly decreased, resulting in the accumulation of long‐chain acylcarnitine species. Cardiac function and overall mitochondrial respiration were unaffected. However, evidence of oxidative stress and subtle changes in cardiolipin content and composition were found in early type‐2 diabetic mitochondria. Finally, we observed decreased activity of SIRT1, a pivotal regulator of fatty acid metabolism, despite increased protein levels. This indicates that the heart is no longer capable of further increasing its capacity for fatty acid oxidation. Along with increased oxidative stress, this may represent one of the earliest signs of dysfunction that will ultimately lead to inflammation and remodeling in the diabetic heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phing-How Lou
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Eliana Lucchinetti
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Katrina Y Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yiming Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manoj Gandhi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Martin Hersberger
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Hélène Lemieux
- Faculty Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael Zaugg
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada .,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
García-Giménez JL, Romá-Mateo C, Pérez-Machado G, Peiró-Chova L, Pallardó FV. Role of glutathione in the regulation of epigenetic mechanisms in disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 112:36-48. [PMID: 28705657 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics is a rapidly growing field that studies gene expression modifications not involving changes in the DNA sequence. Histone H3, one of the basic proteins in the nucleosomes that make up chromatin, is S-glutathionylated in mammalian cells and tissues, making Gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine, glutathione (GSH), a physiological antioxidant and second messenger in cells, a new post-translational modifier of the histone code that alters the structure of the nucleosome. However, the role of GSH in the epigenetic mechanisms likely goes beyond a mere structural function. Evidence supports the hypothesis that there is a link between GSH metabolism and the control of epigenetic mechanisms at different levels (i.e., substrate availability, enzymatic activity for DNA methylation, changes in the expression of microRNAs, and participation in the histone code). However, little is known about the molecular pathways by which GSH can control epigenetic events. Studying mutations in enzymes involved in GSH metabolism and the alterations of the levels of cofactors affecting epigenetic mechanisms appears challenging. However, the number of diseases induced by aberrant epigenetic regulation is growing, so elucidating the intricate network between GSH metabolism, oxidative stress and epigenetics could shed light on how their deregulation contributes to the development of neurodegeneration, cancer, metabolic pathologies and many other types of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Luis García-Giménez
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain; Mixed Unit INCLIVA-CIPF Research Institutes, Valencia, Spain; Dept. Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain; Epigenetics Research Platform (CIBERER/UV), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Carlos Romá-Mateo
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain; Mixed Unit INCLIVA-CIPF Research Institutes, Valencia, Spain; Dept. Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain; Epigenetics Research Platform (CIBERER/UV), Valencia, Spain; Faculty of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gisselle Pérez-Machado
- Dept. Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain; Epigenetics Research Platform (CIBERER/UV), Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Federico V Pallardó
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain; Mixed Unit INCLIVA-CIPF Research Institutes, Valencia, Spain; Dept. Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain; Epigenetics Research Platform (CIBERER/UV), Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
The endothelium produces and responds to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), providing important redox regulation to the cardiovascular system in physiology and disease. In no other situation are RONS more critical than in the response to tissue ischemia. Here, tissue healing requires growth factor-mediated angiogenesis that is in part dependent on low levels of RONS, which paradoxically must overcome the damaging effects of high levels of RONS generated as a result of ischemia. Although the generation of endothelial cell RONS in hypoxia/reoxygenation is acknowledged, the mechanism for their role in angiogenesis is still poorly understood. During ischemia, the major low molecular weight thiol glutathione (GSH) reacts with RONS and protein cysteines, producing GSH-protein adducts. Recent data indicate that GSH adducts on certain proteins are essential to growth factor responses in endothelial cells. Genetic deletion of the enzyme glutaredoxin-1, which selectively removes GSH protein adducts, improves, whereas its overexpression impairs revascularization of the ischemic hindlimb of mice. Ischemia-induced GSH adducts on specific cysteine residues of several proteins, including p65 NF-kB and the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2, evidently promote ischemic angiogenesis. Identifying the specific proteins in the redox response to ischemia has provided therapeutic opportunities to improve clinical outcomes of ischemia.
Collapse
|
35
|
Shao D, Han J, Hou X, Fry J, Behring JB, Seta F, Long MT, Roy HK, Cohen RA, Matsui R, Bachschmid MM. Glutaredoxin-1 Deficiency Causes Fatty Liver and Dyslipidemia by Inhibiting Sirtuin-1. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:313-327. [PMID: 27958883 PMCID: PMC5563925 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is a common liver disease associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity, and diabetes that is rising in prevalence worldwide. Various molecular perturbations of key regulators and enzymes in hepatic lipid metabolism cause NAFL. However, redox regulation through glutathione (GSH) adducts in NAFL remains largely elusive. Glutaredoxin-1 (Glrx) is a small thioltransferase that removes protein GSH adducts without having direct antioxidant properties. The liver contains abundant Glrx but its metabolic function is unknown. RESULTS Here we report that normal diet-fed Glrx-deficient mice (Glrx-/-) spontaneously develop obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hepatic steatosis by 8 months of age. Adenoviral Glrx repletion in the liver of Glrx-/- mice corrected lipid metabolism. Glrx-/- mice exhibited decreased sirtuin-1 (SirT1) activity that leads to hyperacetylation and activation of SREBP-1 and upregulation of key hepatic enzymes involved in lipid synthesis. We found that GSH adducts inhibited SirT1 activity in Glrx-/- mice. Hepatic expression of nonoxidizable cysteine mutant SirT1 corrected hepatic lipids in Glrx-/- mice. Wild-type mice fed high-fat diet develop metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and NAFL within several months. Glrx deficiency accelerated high-fat-induced NAFL and progression to steatohepatitis, manifested by hepatic damage and inflammation. INNOVATION These data suggest an essential role of hepatic Glrx in regulating SirT1, which controls protein glutathione adducts in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis. CONCLUSION We provide a novel redox-dependent mechanism for regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism, and propose that upregulation of hepatic Glrx may be a beneficial strategy for NAFL. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 313-327.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Shao
- 1 Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jingyan Han
- 1 Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiuyun Hou
- 1 Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica Fry
- 1 Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica B Behring
- 1 Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Francesca Seta
- 1 Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michelle T Long
- 3 Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Medical Center , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hemant K Roy
- 3 Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Medical Center , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Richard A Cohen
- 1 Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Reiko Matsui
- 1 Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Markus M Bachschmid
- 1 Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lee JH, Moon JH, Lee YJ, Park SY. SIRT1, a Class III Histone Deacetylase, Regulates LPS-Induced Inflammation in Human Keratinocytes and Mediates the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Hinokitiol. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:1257-1266. [PMID: 28257794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skin inflammation is a response of the immune system to infection and injury. In this study, we report that hinokitiol, a tropolone-related natural compound that exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties in various cell types, can modulate the inflammatory responses of primary human keratinocytes challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Hinokitiol treatment inhibited LPS-mediated up-regulation of proinflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-6, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). NF-κB activation and cell migration induced by LPS were blocked in keratinocytes treated with hinokitiol. Sirt1, a class Ⅲ histone deacetylase, was up-regulated by hinokitiol treatment, and the inhibition of Sirt1 activity using a pharmacological inhibitor or genetic silencing blocked hinokitiol-mediated anti-inflammatory effects. Further, hyperactivation of Sirt1 deacetylase using an adenoviral vector also attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory responses. We thus show that hinokitiol can attenuate LPS-mediated proinflammatory signals via Sirt1 histone deacetylase activation in primary human keratinocytes and suggest that hinokitiol may be a potential therapeutic agent in skin inflammatory diseases like psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hee Lee
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hong Moon
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - You-Jin Lee
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Sang-Youel Park
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kalous KS, Wynia-Smith SL, Olp MD, Smith BC. Mechanism of Sirt1 NAD+-dependent Protein Deacetylase Inhibition by Cysteine S-Nitrosation. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:25398-25410. [PMID: 27756843 PMCID: PMC5207242 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.754655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The sirtuin family of proteins catalyze the NAD+-dependent deacylation of acyl-lysine residues. Humans encode seven sirtuins (Sirt1-7), and recent studies have suggested that post-translational modification of Sirt1 by cysteine S-nitrosation correlates with increased acetylation of Sirt1 deacetylase substrates. However, the mechanism of Sirt1 inhibition by S-nitrosation was unknown. Here, we show that Sirt1 is transnitrosated and inhibited by the physiologically relevant nitrosothiol S-nitrosoglutathione. Steady-state kinetic analyses and binding assays were consistent with Sirt1 S-nitrosation inhibiting binding of both the NAD+ and acetyl-lysine substrates. Sirt1 S-nitrosation correlated with Zn2+ release from the conserved sirtuin Zn2+-tetrathiolate and a loss of α-helical structure without overall thermal destabilization of the enzyme. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that Zn2+ loss due to Sirt1 S-nitrosation results in repositioning of the tetrathiolate subdomain away from the rest of the catalytic domain, thereby disrupting the NAD+ and acetyl-lysine-binding sites. Sirt1 S-nitrosation was reversed upon exposure to the thiol-based reducing agents, including physiologically relevant concentrations of the cellular reducing agent glutathione. Reversal of S-nitrosation resulted in full restoration of Sirt1 activity only in the presence of Zn2+, consistent with S-nitrosation of the Zn2+-tetrathiolate as the primary source of Sirt1 inhibition upon S-nitrosoglutathione treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey S Kalous
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - Sarah L Wynia-Smith
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - Michael D Olp
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - Brian C Smith
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hansen T, Galougahi KK, Celermajer D, Rasko N, Tang O, Bubb KJ, Figtree G. Oxidative and nitrosative signalling in pulmonary arterial hypertension — Implications for development of novel therapies. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 165:50-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
39
|
Vall-Llaura N, Reverter-Branchat G, Vived C, Weertman N, Rodríguez-Colman MJ, Cabiscol E. Reversible glutathionylation of Sir2 by monothiol glutaredoxins Grx3/4 regulates stress resistance. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 96:45-56. [PMID: 27085841 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The regulatory mechanisms of yeast Sir2, the founding member of the sirtuin family involved in oxidative stress and aging, are unknown. Redox signaling controls many cellular functions, especially under stress situations, with dithiol glutaredoxins (Grxs) playing an important role. However, monothiol Grxs are not considered to have major oxidoreductase activity. The present study investigated the redox regulation of yeast Sir2, together with the role and physiological impact of monothiol Grx3/4 as Sir2 thiol-reductases upon stress. S-glutathionylation of Sir2 upon disulfide stress was demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo, and decreased Sir2 deacetylase activity. Physiological levels of nuclear Grx3/4 can reverse the observed post-translational modification. Grx3/4 interacted with Sir2 and reduced it after stress, thereby restoring telomeric silencing activity. Using site-directed mutagenesis, key cysteine residues at the catalytic domain of Sir2 were identified as a target of S-glutathionylation. Mutation of these residues resulted in cells with increased resistance to disulfide stress. We provide new mechanistic insights into Grx3/4 regulation of Sir2 by S-deglutathionylation to increase cell resistance to stress. This finding offers news perspectives on monothiol Grxs in redox signaling, describing Sir2 as a physiological substrate regulated by S-glutathionylation. These results might have a relevant role in understanding aging and age-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Núria Vall-Llaura
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Gemma Reverter-Branchat
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Celia Vived
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Naomi Weertman
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - María José Rodríguez-Colman
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elisa Cabiscol
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mitchell SJ, Madrigal-Matute J, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Fang E, Aon M, González-Reyes JA, Cortassa S, Kaushik S, Gonzalez-Freire M, Patel B, Wahl D, Ali A, Calvo-Rubio M, Burón MI, Guiterrez V, Ward TM, Palacios HH, Cai H, Frederick DW, Hine C, Broeskamp F, Habering L, Dawson J, Beasley TM, Wan J, Ikeno Y, Hubbard G, Becker KG, Zhang Y, Bohr VA, Longo DL, Navas P, Ferrucci L, Sinclair DA, Cohen P, Egan JM, Mitchell JR, Baur JA, Allison DB, Anson RM, Villalba JM, Madeo F, Cuervo AM, Pearson KJ, Ingram DK, Bernier M, de Cabo R. Effects of Sex, Strain, and Energy Intake on Hallmarks of Aging in Mice. Cell Metab 2016; 23:1093-1112. [PMID: 27304509 PMCID: PMC4911707 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) is the most robust non-genetic intervention to delay aging. However, there are a number of emerging experimental variables that alter CR responses. We investigated the role of sex, strain, and level of CR on health and survival in mice. CR did not always correlate with lifespan extension, although it consistently improved health across strains and sexes. Transcriptional and metabolomics changes driven by CR in liver indicated anaplerotic filling of the Krebs cycle together with fatty acid fueling of mitochondria. CR prevented age-associated decline in the liver proteostasis network while increasing mitochondrial number, preserving mitochondrial ultrastructure and function with age. Abrogation of mitochondrial function negated life-prolonging effects of CR in yeast and worms. Our data illustrate the complexity of CR in the context of aging, with a clear separation of outcomes related to health and survival, highlighting complexities of translation of CR into human interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Mitchell
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Julio Madrigal-Matute
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Evandro Fang
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Miguel Aon
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - José A González-Reyes
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sonia Cortassa
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Susmita Kaushik
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Marta Gonzalez-Freire
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Bindi Patel
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Devin Wahl
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Miguel Calvo-Rubio
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - María I Burón
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Vincent Guiterrez
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Theresa M Ward
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hector H Palacios
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Huan Cai
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - David W Frederick
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher Hine
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Filomena Broeskamp
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, and BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lukas Habering
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, and BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - John Dawson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; GRECC, Birmingham/Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - T Mark Beasley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; GRECC, Birmingham/Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Junxiang Wan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yuji Ikeno
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA
| | - Gene Hubbard
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA
| | - Kevin G Becker
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Dan L Longo
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Placido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biologia del Desarrollo, and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - David A Sinclair
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - James R Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph A Baur
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David B Allison
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; GRECC, Birmingham/Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - R Michael Anson
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - José M Villalba
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, and BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Kevin J Pearson
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, C.T. Wethington Building, Room 591, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Donald K Ingram
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70809, USA
| | - Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Glutathione adducts induced by ischemia and deletion of glutaredoxin-1 stabilize HIF-1α and improve limb revascularization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:6011-6. [PMID: 27162359 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1524198113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are increased in ischemic tissues and necessary for revascularization; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Exposure of cysteine residues to ROS in the presence of glutathione (GSH) generates GSH-protein adducts that are specifically reversed by the cytosolic thioltransferase, glutaredoxin-1 (Glrx). Here, we show that a key angiogenic transcriptional factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is stabilized by GSH adducts, and the genetic deletion of Glrx improves ischemic revascularization. In mouse muscle C2C12 cells, HIF-1α protein levels are increased by increasing GSH adducts with cell-permeable oxidized GSH (GSSG-ethyl ester) or 2-acetylamino-3-[4-(2-acetylamino-2-carboxyethylsulfanyl thiocarbonylamino) phenylthiocarbamoylsulfanyl] propionic acid (2-AAPA), an inhibitor of glutathione reductase. A biotin switch assay shows that GSSG-ester-induced HIF-1α contains reversibly modified thiols, and MS confirms GSH adducts on Cys(520) (mouse Cys(533)). In addition, an HIF-1α Cys(520) serine mutant is resistant to 2-AAPA-induced HIF-1α stabilization. Furthermore, Glrx overexpression prevents HIF-1α stabilization, whereas Glrx ablation by siRNA increases HIF-1α protein and expression of downstream angiogenic genes. Blood flow recovery after femoral artery ligation is significantly improved in Glrx KO mice, associated with increased levels of GSH-protein adducts, capillary density, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, and HIF-1α in the ischemic muscles. Therefore, Glrx ablation stabilizes HIF-1α by increasing GSH adducts on Cys(520) promoting in vivo HIF-1α stabilization, VEGF-A production, and revascularization in the ischemic muscles.
Collapse
|
42
|
Watanabe Y, Cohen RA, Matsui R. Redox Regulation of Ischemic Angiogenesis - Another Aspect of Reactive Oxygen Species. Circ J 2016; 80:1278-84. [PMID: 27151566 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-16-0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidants are expected to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) by eliminating oxidative stress, but clinical trials have not shown promising results in chronic CVD. Animal studies have revealed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) exacerbate acute CVDs in which high levels of ROS are observed. However, ROS are also necessary for angiogenesis after ischemia, because ROS not only damage cells but also stimulate the cell signaling required for angiogenesis. ROS affect signaling by protein modifications, especially of cysteine amino acid thiols. Although there are several cysteine modifications, S-glutathionylation (GSH adducts; -SSG), a reversible cysteine modification by glutathione (GSH), plays an important role in angiogenic signal transduction by ROS. Glutaredoxin-1 (Glrx) is an enzyme that specifically removes GSH adducts in vivo. Overexpression of Glrx inhibits, whereas deletion of Glrx improves revascularization after mouse hindlimb ischemia. These studies indicate that increased levels of GSH adducts in ischemic muscle are beneficial in promoting angiogenesis. The underlying mechanism can be explained by multiple targets of S-gluathionylation, which mediate the angiogenic effects in ischemia. Increments in the master angiogenic transcriptional factor, HIF-1α, reduction of the anti-angiogenic factor sFlt1, activation of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)pump, SERCA, and inhibition of phosphatases may occur as a consequence of enhanced S-glutathionylation in ischemic tissue. In summary, inducing S-glutathionylation by inhibiting Glrx may be a therapeutic strategy to improve ischemic angiogenesis in CVD. (Circ J 2016; 80: 1278-1284).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Watanabe
- Vascular Biology Section, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Potential Modulation of Sirtuins by Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:9831825. [PMID: 26788256 PMCID: PMC4691645 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9831825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins are a conserved family of NAD-dependent protein deacylases. Initially proposed as histone deacetylases, it is now known that they act on a variety of proteins including transcription factors and metabolic enzymes, having a key role in the regulation of cellular homeostasis. Seven isoforms are identified in mammals (SIRT1–7), all of them sharing a conserved catalytic core and showing differential subcellular localization and activities. Oxidative stress can affect the activity of sirtuins at different levels: expression, posttranslational modifications, protein-protein interactions, and NAD levels. Mild oxidative stress induces the expression of sirtuins as a compensatory mechanism, while harsh or prolonged oxidant conditions result in dysfunctional modified sirtuins more prone to degradation by the proteasome. Oxidative posttranslational modifications have been identified in vitro and in vivo, in particular cysteine oxidation and tyrosine nitration. In addition, oxidative stress can alter the interaction with other proteins, like SIRT1 with its protein inhibitor DBC1 resulting in a net increase of deacetylase activity. In the same way, manipulation of cellular NAD levels by pharmacological inhibition of other NAD-consuming enzymes results in activation of SIRT1 and protection against obesity-related pathologies. Nevertheless, further research is needed to establish the molecular mechanisms of redox regulation of sirtuins to further design adequate pharmacological interventions.
Collapse
|
44
|
Mikhed Y, Görlach A, Knaus UG, Daiber A. Redox regulation of genome stability by effects on gene expression, epigenetic pathways and DNA damage/repair. Redox Biol 2015; 5:275-289. [PMID: 26079210 PMCID: PMC4475862 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (e.g. H2O2, nitric oxide) confer redox regulation of essential cellular signaling pathways such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and apoptosis. In addition, classical regulation of gene expression or activity, including gene transcription to RNA followed by translation to the protein level, by transcription factors (e.g. NF-κB, HIF-1α) and mRNA binding proteins (e.g. GAPDH, HuR) is subject to redox regulation. This review will give an update of recent discoveries in this field, and specifically highlight the impact of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species on DNA repair systems that contribute to genomic stability. Emphasis will be placed on the emerging role of redox mechanisms regulating epigenetic pathways (e.g. miRNA, DNA methylation and histone modifications). By providing clinical correlations we discuss how oxidative stress can impact on gene regulation/activity and vise versa, how epigenetic processes, other gene regulatory mechanisms and DNA repair can influence the cellular redox state and contribute or prevent development or progression of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Mikhed
- 2nd Medical Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Agnes Görlach
- German Heart Center Munich at the Technical University Munich, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulla G Knaus
- Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andreas Daiber
- 2nd Medical Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Prozorovski T, Schneider R, Berndt C, Hartung HP, Aktas O. Redox-regulated fate of neural stem progenitor cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:1543-54. [PMID: 25662818 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulated data indicate that self-renewal, multipotency, and differentiation of neural stem cells are under an intrinsic control mediated by alterations in the redox homeostasis. These dynamic redox changes not only reflect and support the ongoing metabolic and energetic processes, but also serve to coordinate redox-signaling cascades. Controlling particular redox couples seems to have a relevant impact on cell fate decision during development, adult neurogenesis and regeneration. SCOPE OF REVIEW Our own research provided initial evidence for the importance of NAD+-dependent enzymes in neural stem cell fate decision. In this review, we summarize recent knowledge on the active role of reactive oxygen species, redox couples and redox-signaling mechanisms on plasticity and function of neural stem and progenitor cells focusing on NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H-mediated processes. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The compartmentalized subcellular sources and availability of oxidizing/reducing molecules in particular microenvironment define the specificity of redox regulation in modulating the delicate balance between stemness and differentiation of neural progenitors. The generalization of "reactive oxygen species" as well as the ambiguity of their origin might explain the diametrically-opposed findings in the field of redox-dependent cell fate reflected by the literature. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Increasing knowledge of temporary and spatially defined redox regulation is of high relevance for the development of novel approaches in the field of cell-based regeneration of nervous tissue in various pathological states. This article is part of a special issue entitled Redox regulation of differentiation and de-differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Prozorovski
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Reiner Schneider
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carsten Berndt
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Orhan Aktas
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bigarella CL, Liang R, Ghaffari S. Stem cells and the impact of ROS signaling. Development 2015; 141:4206-18. [PMID: 25371358 DOI: 10.1242/dev.107086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An appropriate balance between self-renewal and differentiation is crucial for stem cell function during both early development and tissue homeostasis throughout life. Recent evidence from both pluripotent embryonic and adult stem cell studies suggests that this balance is partly regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which, in synchrony with metabolism, mediate the cellular redox state. In this Primer, we summarize what ROS are and how they are generated in the cell, as well as their downstream molecular targets. We then review recent findings that provide molecular insights into how ROS signaling can influence stem cell homeostasis and lineage commitment, and discuss the implications of this for reprogramming and stem cell ageing. We conclude that ROS signaling is an emerging key regulator of multiple stem cell populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina L Bigarella
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Raymond Liang
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Multidisciplinary Training Area, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Saghi Ghaffari
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Multidisciplinary Training Area, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wu D, Hu Q, Liu X, Pan L, Xiong Q, Zhu YZ. Hydrogen sulfide protects against apoptosis under oxidative stress through SIRT1 pathway in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Nitric Oxide 2014; 46:204-12. [PMID: 25461268 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a great role in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). Oxidative stress results in apoptosis, which can cause the damage of cardiomyocytes. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third gasotransmitter, is a good reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, which has protective effect against HF. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is a highly conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylase that plays a critical role in promoting cell survival under oxidative stress. The purpose of this article is to investigate the interaction between H2S and SIRT1 under oxidative stress in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Oxidative stress was induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Treatment with NaSH (25-100 µmol/L) dose-dependently increased the cell viability and improved the cell apoptosis induced by H2O2 in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. The protective effect of NaSH against the apoptosis could be attenuated by SIRT1 inhibitor Ex 527 (10 µmol/L). Treatment with NaSH (100 µmol/L) could increase the expression of SIRT1 in time dependent manner, which decreased by different concentration of H2O2. NaSH (100 µmol/L) increased the cellular ATP level and the expression of ATPase. These effects were attenuated by Ex 527 (10 µmol/L). After NaSH (100 µmol/L) treatment, the decrease in ROS production and the enhancement in SOD, GPx and GST expression were observed. Ex 527 (10 µmol/L) reversed these effects. In conclusion, for the first time, this article can identify antioxidative effects of H2S under oxidative stress through SIRT1 pathway in H9c2 cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingxun Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lilong Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghui Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Pharmacology, Loo Yong Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
The interaction between antioxidant glutathione and the free thiol in susceptible cysteine residues of proteins leads to reversible protein S-glutathionylation. This reaction ensures cellular homeostasis control (as a common redox-dependent post-translational modification associated with signal transduction) and intervenes in oxidative stress-related cardiovascular pathology (as initiated by redox imbalance). The purpose of this review is to evaluate the recent knowledge on protein S-glutathionylation in terms of chemistry, broad cellular intervention, specific quantification, and potential for therapeutic exploitation. The data bases searched were Medline and PubMed, from 2009 to 2014 (term: glutathionylation). Protein S-glutathionylation ensures protection of protein thiols against irreversible over-oxidation, operates as a biological redox switch in both cell survival (influencing kinases and protein phosphatases pathways) and cell death (by potentiation of apoptosis), and cross-talks with phosphorylation and with S-nitrosylation. Collectively, protein S-glutathionylation appears as a valuable biomarker for oxidative stress, with potential for translation into novel therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doina Popov
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "N. Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy , 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest 050568 , Romania
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Patel VP, Chu CT. Decreased SIRT2 activity leads to altered microtubule dynamics in oxidatively-stressed neuronal cells: implications for Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2014; 257:170-81. [PMID: 24792244 PMCID: PMC4141566 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The microtubule (MT) system is important for many aspects of neuronal function, including motility, differentiation, and cargo trafficking. Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with increased oxidative stress and alterations in the integrity of the axodendritic tree. To study dynamic mechanisms underlying the neurite shortening phenotype observed in many PD models, we employed the well-characterized oxidative parkinsonian neurotoxin, 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA). In both acute and chronic sub-lethal settings, 6OHDA-induced oxidative stress elicited significant alterations in MT dynamics, including reductions in MT growth rate, increased frequency of MT pauses/retractions, and increased levels of tubulin acetylation. Interestingly, 6OHDA decreased the activity of tubulin deacetylases, specifically sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), through more than one mechanism. Restoration of tubulin deacetylase function rescued the changes in MT dynamics and prevented neurite shortening in neuron-differentiated, 6OHDA-treated cells. These data indicate that impaired tubulin deacetylation contributes to altered MT dynamics in oxidatively-stressed cells, conferring key insights for potential therapeutic strategies to correct MT-related deficits contributing to neuronal aging and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P Patel
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, 3550 Terrace St., University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Charleen T Chu
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, 3550 Terrace St., University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; The McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; The Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kowluru RA, Santos JM, Zhong Q. Sirt1, a negative regulator of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014; 55:5653-60. [PMID: 24894401 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-14383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 damages retinal mitochondria, activating the apoptotic machinery. Transcription of MMP-9 is regulated by nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and the activation of NF-κB is modulated by the acetylation of its p65 subunit. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), a deacetylase, plays an important role in the acetylation-deacetylation of p65. The goal of this study is to investigate the role of Sirt1 in the activation of MMP-9 in diabetic retinopathy. METHODS The effect of hyperglycemia and Sirt1 activator, resveratrol, on acetylation of p65 and its binding at MMP-9 promoter-and mitochondrial damage and apoptosis-was assessed in the retinal endothelial cells. Role of oxidative stress in the regulation of Sirt1 was evaluated in the cells incubated in H2O2. The results were confirmed in the retina from diabetic mice with Sod2 or MMP-9 gene manipulated. RESULTS High glucose decreased Sirt1 activity and increased p65 acetylation, and resveratrol prevented increase in p65 acetylation, binding of p65 at MMP-9 promoter and MMP-9 activation, mitochondria damage, and cell apoptosis. While Sirt1 was decreased by H2O2, MMP-9 was significantly increased. Retina from wild-type diabetic mice presented similar decrease in Sirt1, and diabetic mice with Sod2 overexpression or MMP-9 deletion had normal retinal Sirt1. Retinal microvasculature from human donors with established diabetic retinopathy also had decreased Sirt1. CONCLUSIONS Thus, in diabetes, increase in oxidative stress inhibits Sirt1 and p65 is hyperacetylated, increasing the binding of p65 at MMP-9 promoter. Prevention of Sirt1 inhibition, via modulating acetylation of p65, should protect activation of MMP-9 and inhibit the development of diabetic retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renu A Kowluru
- Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Julia M Santos
- Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Qing Zhong
- Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| |
Collapse
|