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Liu Z, Sammani S, Barber CJ, Kempf CL, Li F, Yang Z, Bermudez RT, Camp SM, Herndon VR, Furenlid LR, Martin DR, Garcia JGN. An eNAMPT-neutralizing mAb reduces post-infarct myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular dysfunction. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116103. [PMID: 38160623 PMCID: PMC10872269 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) triggers adverse ventricular remodeling (VR), cardiac fibrosis, and subsequent heart failure. Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) is postulated to play a significant role in VR processing via activation of the TLR4 inflammatory pathway. We hypothesized that an eNAMPT specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) could target and neutralize overexpressed eNAMPT post-MI and attenuate chronic cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. We investigated humanized ALT-100 and ALT-300 mAb with high eNAMPT-neutralizing capacity in an infarct rat model to test our hypothesis. ALT-300 was 99mTc-labeled to generate 99mTc-ALT-300 for imaging myocardial eNAMPT expression at 2 hours, 1 week, and 4 weeks post-IRI. The eNAMPT-neutralizing ALT-100 mAb (0.4 mg/kg) or saline was administered intraperitoneally at 1 hour and 24 hours post-reperfusion and twice a week for 4 weeks. Cardiac function changes were determined by echocardiography at 3 days and 4 weeks post-IRI. 99mTc-ALT-300 uptake was initially localized to the ischemic area at risk (IAR) of the left ventricle (LV) and subsequently extended to adjacent non-ischemic areas 2 hours to 4 weeks post-IRI. Radioactive uptake (%ID/g) of 99mTc-ALT-300 in the IAR increased from 1 week to 4 weeks (0.54 ± 0.16 vs. 0.78 ± 0.13, P < 0.01). Rats receiving ALT-100 mAb exhibited significantly improved myocardial histopathology and cardiac function at 4 weeks, with a significant reduction in the collagen volume fraction (%LV) compared to controls (21.5 ± 6.1% vs. 29.5 ± 9.9%, P < 0.05). Neutralization of the eNAMPT/TLR4 inflammatory cascade is a promising therapeutic strategy for MI by reducing chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and preserving cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglin Liu
- Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States.
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Christy J Barber
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Carrie L Kempf
- University of Florida UF Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States
| | - Feng Li
- Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zhen Yang
- Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rosendo T Bermudez
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Sara M Camp
- University of Florida UF Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States
| | - Vivian Reyes Herndon
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Lars R Furenlid
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Diego R Martin
- Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- University of Florida UF Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States
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Kraler S, Balbi C, Vdovenko D, Lapikova-Bryhinska T, Camici GG, Liberale L, Bonetti N, Canestro CD, Burger F, Roth A, Carbone F, Vassalli G, Mach F, Bhasin S, Wenzl FA, Muller O, Räber L, Matter CM, Montecucco F, Lüscher TF, Akhmedov A. Circulating GDF11 exacerbates myocardial injury in mice and associates with increased infarct size in humans. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2729-2742. [PMID: 37742057 PMCID: PMC10757585 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The heart rejuvenating effects of circulating growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), a transforming growth factor-β superfamily member that shares 90% homology with myostatin (MSTN), remains controversial. Here, we aimed to probe the role of GDF11 in acute myocardial infarction (MI), a frequent cause of heart failure and premature death during ageing. METHODS AND RESULTS In contrast to endogenous Mstn, myocardial Gdf11 declined during the course of ageing and was particularly reduced following ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, suggesting a therapeutic potential of GDF11 signalling in MI. Unexpectedly, boosting systemic Gdf11 by recombinant GDF11 delivery (0.1 mg/kg body weight over 30 days) prior to myocardial I/R augmented myocardial infarct size in C57BL/6 mice irrespective of their age, predominantly by accelerating pro-apoptotic signalling. While intrinsic cardioprotective signalling pathways remained unaffected by high circulating GDF11, targeted transcriptomics and immunomapping studies focusing on GDF11-associated downstream targets revealed attenuated Nkx2-5 expression confined to CD105-expressing cells, with pro-apoptotic activity, as assessed by caspase-3 levels, being particularly pronounced in adjacent cells, suggesting an indirect effect. By harnessing a highly specific and validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based assay, we show that in prospectively recruited patients with MI circulating GDF11 but not MSTN levels incline with age. Moreover, GDF11 levels were particularly elevated in those at high risk for adverse outcomes following the acute event, with circulating GDF11 emerging as an independent predictor of myocardial infarct size, as estimated by standardized peak creatine kinase-MB levels. CONCLUSION Our data challenge the initially reported heart rejuvenating effects of circulating GDF11 and suggest that high levels of systemic GDF11 exacerbate myocardial injury in mice and humans alike. Persistently high GDF11 levels during ageing may contribute to the age-dependent loss of cardioprotective mechanisms and thus poor outcomes of elderly patients following acute MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Balbi
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
- Laboratories for Translational Research, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Daria Vdovenko
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
| | | | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova—Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicole Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Candela Diaz Canestro
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Burger
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aline Roth
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova—Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vassalli
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
- Laboratories for Translational Research, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Shalender Bhasin
- Research Program in Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Florian A Wenzl
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Muller
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Räber
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian M Matter
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova—Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College and Kings College, London, UK
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
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Liu Q, Gao K, Ding X, Mo D, Guo H, Chen B, Xia B, Ye C, Chen G, Guo C. NAMPT inhibition relieves intestinal inflammation by regulating macrophage activation in experimental necrotizing enterocolitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115012. [PMID: 37329710 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) is associated with various NAD+ -consuming enzymatic reactions. The precise role in intestinal mucosal immunity in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is not well defined. Here, we examined whether NAMPT inhibition by the highly specific inhibitor FK866 could alleviate intestinal inflammation during the pathogenesis of NEC. In the present study, we showed that NAMPT expression was upregulated in the human terminal ileum of human infants with NEC. FK866 administration attenuated M1 macrophage polarization and relieved the symptoms of experimental NEC pups. FK866 inhibited intercellular NAD+ levels, macrophage M1 polarization, and the expression of NAD+ -dependent enzymes, such as poly (ADP ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and Sirt6. Consistently, the capacity of macrophages to phagocytose zymosan particles, as well as antibacterial activity, were impaired by FK866, whereas NMN supplementation to restore NAD+ levels reversed the changes in phagocytosis and antibacterial activity. In conclusion, FK866 reduced intestinal macrophage infiltration and skewed macrophage polarization, which is implicated in intestinal mucosal immunity, thereby promoting the survival of NEC pups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyang Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400054, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Chidren's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Xionghui Ding
- Department of Burn, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dandan Mo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Hongjie Guo
- Department of anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bailin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingshan Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400054, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Chidren's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cuilian Ye
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Gongli Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400054, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Chidren's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Chunbao Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400054, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Chidren's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Wu K, Wang Y, Liu R, Wang H, Rui T. The role of mammalian Sirtuin 6 in cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1207133. [PMID: 37497437 PMCID: PMC10366693 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1207133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are severe diseases posing threat to human health because of their high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The incidence of diabetes mellitus is also increasing rapidly. Various signaling molecules are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6), which is a class III histone deacetylase, has attracted numerous attentions since its discovery. Sirt6 enjoys a unique structure, important biological functions, and is involved in multiple cellular processes such as stress response, mitochondrial biogenesis, transcription, insulin resistance, inflammatory response, chromatin silencing, and apoptosis. Sirt6 also plays significant roles in regulating several cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, as well as cardiac remodeling, bringing Sirt6 into the focus of clinical interests. In this review, we examine the recent advances in understanding the mechanistic working through which Sirt6 alters the course of lethal cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus.
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5
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Guo Z, Li P, Ge J, Li H. SIRT6 in Aging, Metabolism, Inflammation and Cardiovascular Diseases. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1787-1822. [PMID: 36465178 PMCID: PMC9662279 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As an important NAD+-dependent enzyme, SIRT6 has received significant attention since its discovery. In view of observations that SIRT6-deficient animals exhibit genomic instability and metabolic disorders and undergo early death, SIRT6 has long been considered a protein of longevity. Recently, growing evidence has demonstrated that SIRT6 functions as a deacetylase, mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase and long fatty deacylase and participates in a variety of cellular signaling pathways from DNA damage repair in the early stage to disease progression. In this review, we elaborate on the specific substrates and molecular mechanisms of SIRT6 in various physiological and pathological processes in detail, emphasizing its links to aging (genomic damage, telomere integrity, DNA repair), metabolism (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, insulin secretion and lipid synthesis, lipolysis, thermogenesis), inflammation and cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, ischemia-reperfusion injury). In addition, the most recent advances regarding SIRT6 modulators (agonists and inhibitors) as potential therapeutic agents for SIRT6-mediated diseases are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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6
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Xu F, Ning X, Zhao T, Lu Q, Chen H. Visfatin is negatively associated with coronary artery lesions in subjects with impaired fasting glucose. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1405-1411. [PMID: 36128447 PMCID: PMC9449683 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is not determined whether serum visfatin levels are related to the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in non-diabetic subjects. In this study, a total of 65 consecutive non-diabetic participants who underwent coronary angiography were enrolled. Serum visfatin and fasting glucose, as well as the serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride, were measured in all participants before the procedure. The extent of coronary artery lesions was determined by Gensini score. Serum visfatin levels were significantly lower in patients with CAD compared to participants with normal coronary arteries. Inversely, the circulating levels of fasting glucose were found to be elevated in patients with CAD compared with the control subjects. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that visfatin and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were independently associated with the presence of CAD in non-diabetics. No significant relationship was found between serum visfatin and fasting glucose levels in IFG subjects. However, there was a negative association between visfatin concentrations and Gensini score in participants with IFG. Both circulating visfatin concentrations and IFG are independently associated with CAD in non-diabetics. Serum visfatin levels are negatively related to the angiographic severity of CAD in subjects with IFG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University , Ji-nan , Shandong Province , China
| | - Xiang Ning
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University , Ji-nan , Shandong Province , China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University , Ji-nan , Shandong Province , China
| | - Qinghua Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University , Ji-nan , Shandong Province , China
| | - Huiqiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University , Ji-nan , Shandong Province , China
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7
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Ruozi G, Bortolotti F, Mura A, Tomczyk M, Falcione A, Martinelli V, Vodret S, Braga L, Dal Ferro M, Cannatà A, Zentilin L, Sinagra G, Zacchigna S, Giacca M. Cardioprotective factors against myocardial infarction selected in vivo from an AAV secretome library. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabo0699. [PMID: 36044596 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo0699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Therapies for patients with myocardial infarction and heart failure are urgently needed, in light of the breadth of these conditions and lack of curative treatments. To systematically identify previously unidentified cardioactive biologicals in an unbiased manner in vivo, we developed cardiac FunSel, a method for the systematic, functional selection of effective factors using a library of 1198 barcoded adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors encoding for the mouse secretome. By pooled vector injection into the heart, this library was screened to functionally select for factors that confer cardioprotection against myocardial infarction. After two rounds of iterative selection in mice, cardiac FunSel identified three proteins [chordin-like 1 (Chrdl1), family with sequence similarity 3 member C (Fam3c), and Fam3b] that preserve cardiomyocyte viability, sustain cardiac function, and prevent pathological remodeling. In particular, Chrdl1 exerted its protective activity by binding and inhibiting extracellular bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), which resulted in protection against cardiomyocyte death and induction of autophagy in cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction. Chrdl1 also inhibited fibrosis and maladaptive cardiac remodeling by binding transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and preventing cardiac fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts. Production of secreted and circulating Chrdl1, Fam3c, and Fam3b from the liver also protected the heart from myocardial infarction, thus supporting the use of the three proteins as recombinant factors. Together, these findings disclose a powerful method for the in vivo, unbiased selection of tissue-protective factors and describe potential cardiac therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ruozi
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34139 Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Bortolotti
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34139 Trieste, Italy.,Cardiovascular Department, ASUGI, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonio Mura
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34139 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mateusz Tomczyk
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34139 Trieste, Italy.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Antonella Falcione
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34139 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valentina Martinelli
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34139 Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Vodret
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34139 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Braga
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34139 Trieste, Italy.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | | | - Antonio Cannatà
- Cardiovascular Department, ASUGI, 34149 Trieste, Italy.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Lorena Zentilin
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34139 Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiovascular Department, ASUGI, 34149 Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34139 Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Giacca
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34139 Trieste, Italy.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK.,Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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8
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Piacente F, Bottero M, Benzi A, Vigo T, Uccelli A, Bruzzone S, Ferrara G. Neuroprotective Potential of Dendritic Cells and Sirtuins in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084352. [PMID: 35457169 PMCID: PMC9025744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid cells, including parenchymal microglia, perivascular and meningeal macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), are present in the central nervous system (CNS) and establish an intricate relationship with other cells, playing a crucial role both in health and in neurological diseases. In this context, DCs are critical to orchestrating the immune response linking the innate and adaptive immune systems. Under steady-state conditions, DCs patrol the CNS, sampling their local environment and acting as sentinels. During neuroinflammation, the resulting activation of DCs is a critical step that drives the inflammatory response or the resolution of inflammation with the participation of different cell types of the immune system (macrophages, mast cells, T and B lymphocytes), resident cells of the CNS and soluble factors. Although the importance of DCs is clearly recognized, their exact function in CNS disease is still debated. In this review, we will discuss modern concepts of DC biology in steady-state and during autoimmune neuroinflammation. Here, we will also address some key aspects involving DCs in CNS patrolling, highlighting the neuroprotective nature of DCs and emphasizing their therapeutic potential for the treatment of neurological conditions. Recently, inhibition of the NAD+-dependent deac(et)ylase sirtuin 6 was demonstrated to delay the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, by dampening DC trafficking towards inflamed LNs. Thus, a special focus will be dedicated to sirtuins’ role in DCs functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Piacente
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Marta Bottero
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy; (M.B.); (T.V.); (A.U.); (G.F.)
| | - Andrea Benzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Tiziana Vigo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy; (M.B.); (T.V.); (A.U.); (G.F.)
| | - Antonio Uccelli
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy; (M.B.); (T.V.); (A.U.); (G.F.)
| | - Santina Bruzzone
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)10-353-8150
| | - Giovanni Ferrara
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy; (M.B.); (T.V.); (A.U.); (G.F.)
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9
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Sirtuins are crucial regulators of T cell metabolism and functions. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:207-215. [PMID: 35296782 PMCID: PMC8979958 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00739-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that metabolism underlies T cell differentiation and functions. The pathways regulating T cell metabolism and function are interconnected, and changes in T cell metabolic activity directly impact the effector functions and fate of T cells. Thus, understanding how metabolic pathways influence immune responses and ultimately affect disease progression is paramount. Epigenetic and posttranslational modification mechanisms have been found to control immune responses and metabolic reprogramming. Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases that play key roles during cellular responses to a variety of stresses and have recently been reported to have potential roles in immune responses. Therefore, sirtuins are of significant interest as therapeutic targets to treat immune-related diseases and enhance antitumor immunity. This review aims to illustrate the potential roles of sirtuins in different subtypes of T cells during the adaptive immune response. Sirtuins, enzymes that regulate how cells respond to stress, regulate T cell metabolism and functions, and therefore blocking or boosting sirtuins influences immune responses. As part of the immune system, some types of T cells attack specific targets; others keep the immune response in check. Imene Hamaidi and Sungjune Kim at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA, have reviewed how sirtuins affect different subsets of T cells to either promote or suppress immune responses. Boosting sirtuins that increase the function of inflammation-suppressing T cells can improve outcomes for transplant recipients or help treat autoimmune diseases. Conversely, stimulating immune-activating sirtuins can help re-energize exhausted antitumor T cells. Understanding the complex web of sirtuin–T cell interactions may help in developing therapeutic strategies for improving transplant outcomes, and for treating autoimmune diseases and cancer.
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10
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Erten M. Visfatin as a Promising Marker of Cardiometabolic Risk. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2021; 37:464-472. [PMID: 34584379 DOI: 10.6515/acs.202109_37(5).20210323b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that produces molecules with important functions in the human body called adipokines. Visfatin can be secreted from various sources, such as macrophages, chondrocytes and amniotic epithelial cells other than adipose tissue. The main effect of visfatin is to promote inflammatory processes. In addition, visfatin has pivotal effects on the entire cardiovascular system, such as endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, plaque rupture and mobilization, myocardial damage, fibrosis and new vessel formation. Vascular pathologies in other tissues also mediate its effects. Visfatin changes in a similar manner to cardiac markers in acute myocardial infarction, and the most cited feature in research studies is that it may be a cardiovascular risk marker. Visfatin is therefore expected to be widely used in cardiovascular pathology in the near future. Visfatin has many target tissues and various effects that occur in relatively complex biological pathways, making it difficult to understand visfatin adequately. In this review, we provide comprehensive information about this promising molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Erten
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Public Health Lab., Malatya, Turkey
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11
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Tan A, Doig CL. NAD + Degrading Enzymes, Evidence for Roles During Infection. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:697359. [PMID: 34485381 PMCID: PMC8415550 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.697359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Declines in cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) contribute to metabolic dysfunction, increase susceptibility to disease, and occur as a result of pathogenic infection. The enzymatic cleavage of NAD+ transfers ADP-ribose (ADPr) to substrate proteins generating mono-ADP-ribose (MAR), poly-ADP-ribose (PAR) or O-acetyl-ADP-ribose (OAADPr). These important post-translational modifications have roles in both immune response activation and the advancement of infection. In particular, emergent data show viral infection stimulates activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) mediated NAD+ depletion and stimulates hydrolysis of existing ADP-ribosylation modifications. These studies are important for us to better understand the value of NAD+ maintenance upon the biology of infection. This review focuses specifically upon the NAD+ utilising enzymes, discusses existing knowledge surrounding their roles in infection, their NAD+ depletion capability and their influence within pathogenic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Tan
- Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Centre, Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Craig L Doig
- Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Centre, Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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12
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He Y, Dai J, Niu M, Li B, Chen C, Jiang M, Wu Z, Bao J, Zhang X, Li L, Husain SZ, Hu G, Wen L. Inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase protects against acute pancreatitis via modulating macrophage polarization and its related metabolites. Pancreatology 2021; 21:870-883. [PMID: 33810973 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Acute pancreatitis is a common inflammatory disorder of the exocrine pancreas with no specific therapy. Intracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) salvage pathway, is involved in many inflammatory disorders. In this study, we investigated the role of NAMPT in experimental acute pancreatitis. METHODS Acute pancreatitis was induced in mice using three disparate models: (1) caerulein hyperstimulation, (2) ethanol plus palmitoleic acid, and (3) retrograde biliopancreatic ductal infusion of sodium taurocholate. The NAMPT inhibitor FK866 and NAMPT downstream product nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) was administered. Serum and pancreas were collected and analyzed biochemically and histologically. Bone marrow derived macrophages were isolated, cultured with cytokines or pancreatic acini, then analyzed by quantitative PCR and non-targeted metabolomics. RESULTS The levels of pancreatic NAMPT and NAD were down-regulated upon acute pancreatitis. NAMPT inhibitor FK866 suppressed M1 macrophage polarization while NMN boosted it. In co-culture of macrophages with acinar cells, inhibition of NAMPT prevented M1-like macrophage differentiation induced by injured pancreatic acini. The injured pancreatic acinar milieu induced a unique metabolic signature linked to macrophage polarization, and inhibition of NAMPT reversed these metabolites changes. Furthermore, NMN supplementation aggravated caerulein hyperstimulation pancreatitis and alcoholic pancreatitis, and inhibition of NAMPT protected against caerulein hyperstimulation, alcoholic and biliary acute pancreatitis and reducing pancreatic macrophage infiltration in vivo. CONCLUSIONS NAMPT inhibition protects against acute pancreatitis via preventing M1 macrophage polarization and restoring the metabolites related to macrophage polarization and that NAMPT could be a promising therapeutic target for acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juanjuan Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengya Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Congying Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjie Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengkai Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingpiao Bao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sohail Z Husain
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Guoyong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Wang XT, Peng Z, An YY, Shang T, Xiao G, He S, Chen X, Zhang H, Wang Y, Wang T, Zhang JH, Gao X, Zhu Y, Feng Y. Paeoniflorin and Hydroxysafflor Yellow A in Xuebijing Injection Attenuate Sepsis-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction and Inhibit Proinflammatory Cytokine Production. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:614024. [PMID: 33986658 PMCID: PMC8112230 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.614024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction is a major contributor to the poor outcomes of septic shock. As an add-on with conventional sepsis management for over 15 years, the effect of Xuebijing injection (XBJ) on the sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction was not well understood. The material basis of Xuebijing injection (XBJ) in managing infections and infection-related complications remains to be defined. A murine cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model and cardiomyocytes in vitro culture were adopted to study the influence of XBJ on infection-induced cardiac dysfunction. XBJ significantly improved the survival of septic-mice and rescued cardiac dysfunction in vivo. RNA-seq revealed XBJ attenuated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and related signalings in the heart which was further confirmed on the mRNA and protein levels. Xuebijing also protected cardiomyocytes from LPS-induced mitochondrial calcium ion overload and reduced the LPS-induced ROS production in cardiomyocytes. The therapeutic effect of XBJ was mediated by the combination of paeoniflorin and hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) (C0127-2). C0127-2 improved the survival of septic mice, protected their cardiac function and cardiomyocytes while balancing gene expression in cytokine-storm-related signalings, such as TNF-α and NF-κB. In summary, Paeoniflorin and HSYA are key active compounds in XBJ for managing sepsis, protecting cardiac function, and controlling inflammation in the cardiac tissue partially by limiting the production of IL-6, IL-1β, and CXCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying-Ying An
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangxu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
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14
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Xu Y, Yu L, Liu Y, Tang X, Wang X. Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Microglial Neuroinflammation: Attenuation by FK866. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1291-1304. [PMID: 33713324 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alleviating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation bears great promise to reduce neurodegeneration. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) may exert cytokine-like effect in the brain. However, it remains unclear about role of NAMPT in microglial inflammation. Also, it remains unknown about effect of NAMPT inhibition on microglial inflammation. In the present study, we observed that FK866 (a specific noncompetitive NAMPT inhibitor) dose-dependently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced proinflammatory mediator (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide and reactive species) level increase in BV2 microglia cultures. FK866 also significantly inhibited LPS-induced polarization change in microglia. Furthermore, LPS significantly increased NAMPT expression and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation in microglia. FK866 significantly decreased NAMPT expression and NF-κB phosphorylation in LPS-treated microglia. Finally, conditioned medium from microglia cultures co-treated with FK866 and LPS significantly increased SH-SY5Y and PC12 cell viability compared with conditioned medium from microglia cultures treated with LPS alone. Our study strongly indicates that NAMPT may be a promising target for microglia modulation and NAMPT inhibition may attenuate microglial inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijia Yu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Xijin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Liu H, Zhang J, Xu X, Lu S, Yang D, Xie C, Jia M, Zhang W, Jin L, Wang X, Shen X, Li F, Wang W, Bao X, Li S, Zhu M, Wang W, Wang Y, Huang Z, Teng H. SARM1 promotes neuroinflammation and inhibits neural regeneration after spinal cord injury through NF-κB signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4187-4206. [PMID: 33754056 PMCID: PMC7977471 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonal degeneration is a common pathological feature in many acute and chronic neurological diseases such as spinal cord injury (SCI). SARM1 (sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing 1), the fifth TLR (Toll-like receptor) adaptor, has diverse functions in the immune and nervous systems, and recently has been identified as a key mediator of Wallerian degeneration (WD). However, the detailed functions of SARM1 after SCI still remain unclear. Methods: Modified Allen's method was used to establish a contusion model of SCI in mice. Furthermore, to address the function of SARM1 after SCI, conditional knockout (CKO) mice in the central nervous system (CNS), SARM1Nestin-CKO mice, and SARM1GFAP-CKO mice were successfully generated by Nestin-Cre and GFAP-Cre transgenic mice crossed with SARM1flox/flox mice, respectively. Immunostaining, Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining, Nissl staining and behavioral test assays such as footprint and Basso Mouse Scale (BMS) scoring were used to examine the roles of SARM1 pathway in SCI based on these conditional knockout mice. Drugs such as FK866, an inhibitor of SARM1, and apoptozole, an inhibitor of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), were used to further explore the molecular mechanism of SARM1 in neural regeneration after SCI. Results: We found that SARM1 was upregulated in neurons and astrocytes at early stage after SCI. SARM1Nestin-CKO and SARM1GFAP-CKO mice displayed normal development of the spinal cords and motor function. Interestingly, conditional deletion of SARM1 in neurons and astrocytes promoted the functional recovery of behavior performance after SCI. Mechanistically, conditional deletion of SARM1 in neurons and astrocytes promoted neuronal regeneration at intermediate phase after SCI, and reduced neuroinflammation at SCI early phase through downregulation of NF-κB signaling after SCI, which may be due to upregulation of HSP70. Finally, FK866, an inhibitor of SARM1, reduced the neuroinflammation and promoted the neuronal regeneration after SCI. Conclusion: Our results indicate that SARM1-mediated prodegenerative pathway and neuroinflammation promotes the pathological progress of SCI and anti-SARM1 therapeutics are viable and promising approaches for preserving neuronal function after SCI.
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16
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Wang J, Lin B, Zhang Y, Ni L, Hu L, Yang J, Xu L, Shi D, Chen YH. The Regulatory Role of Histone Modification on Gene Expression in the Early Stage of Myocardial Infarction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:594325. [PMID: 33330655 PMCID: PMC7734124 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.594325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a fatal heart disease with high morbidity and mortality. Various studies have demonstrated that a series of relatively specific biological events occur within 24 h of MI. However, the roles of histone modifications in this pathological process are still poorly understood. To investigate the regulation of histone modifications on gene expression in early MI, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) on myocardial tissues 24 h after the onset of MI. The genome-wide profiles of five histone marks (H3K27ac, H3K9ac, H3K4me3, H3K9me3, and H3K27me3) were explored through ChIP-seq. RNA-seq identified 1,032 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the MI and sham groups. ChIP-seq analysis found that 195 upregulated DEGs were modified by change of at least one of the three active histone marks (H3K27ac, H3K9ac, and H3K4me3), and the biological processes and pathways analysis showed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in cardiomyocyte differentiation and development, inflammation, angiogenesis, and metabolism. In the transcriptional regulatory network, Ets1, Etv1, and Etv2 were predicted to be involved in gene expression regulation. In addition, by integrating super-enhancers (SEs) with RNA-seq data, 76 DEGs were associated with H3K27ac-enriched SEs in the MI group, and the functions of these SE-associated DEGs were mainly related to angiogenesis. Our results suggest that histone modifications may play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in the early stage of MI, and the early angiogenesis response may be initiated by SEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingjie Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Han Chen
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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17
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Wang S, Cao N. Uncovering potential differentially expressed miRNAs and targeted mRNAs in myocardial infarction based on integrating analysis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4383-4395. [PMID: 33000230 PMCID: PMC7533449 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death globally. The aim of the present study was to find valuable microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) and target mRNAs in order to contribute to our understanding of the pathology of MI. miRNA and mRNA data were downloaded for differential expression analysis. Then, a regulatory network between miRNAs and mRNAs was established, followed by function annotation of target mRNAs. Thirdly, prognosis and diagnostic analysis of differentially methylated target mRNAs were performed. Finally, an in vitro experiment was used to validate the expression of selected miRNAs and target mRNAs. A total of 19 differentially expressed miRNAs and 1,007 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. Several regulatory interaction pairs between miRNA and mRNAs were identified, such as hsa-miR-142-2p-long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase 1 (ACSL1), hsa-miR-15a-3p-nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), hsa-miR-33b-5p-regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (RGS2), hsa-miR-17-3p-Jun dimerization protein 2 (JDP2), hsa-miR-24-1-5p-aquaporin-9 (AQP9) and hsa-miR-34a-5p-STAT1/AKT3. Of note, it was demonstrated that ACSL1, NAMPT, RGS2, JDP2, AQP9, STAT1 and AKT3 had diagnostic and prognostic values for patients with MI. In addition, STAT1 was involved in the ‘chemokine signaling pathway’ and ‘Jak-STAT signaling pathway’. AKT3 was involved in both the ‘MAPK signaling pathway’ and ‘T cell receptor signaling pathway’. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR validation of hsa-miR-142-3p, hsa-miR-15a-3p, hsa-miR-33b-5p, ACSL1, NAMPT, RGS2 and JDP2 expression was consistent with the bioinformatics analysis. In conclusion, the identified miRNAs and mRNAs may be involved in the pathology of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Jigang Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Na Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Jigang Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
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18
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Xu W, Li L, Zhang L. NAD + Metabolism as an Emerging Therapeutic Target for Cardiovascular Diseases Associated With Sudden Cardiac Death. Front Physiol 2020; 11:901. [PMID: 32903597 PMCID: PMC7438569 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its central role in mediating oxidation reduction in fuel metabolism and bioenergetics, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has emerged as a vital co-substrate for a number of proteins involved in diverse cellular processes, including sirtuins, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases and cyclic ADP-ribose synthetases. The connection with aging and age-associated diseases has led to a new wave of research in the cardiovascular field. Here, we review the basics of NAD+ homeostasis, the molecular physiology and new advances in ischemic-reperfusion injury, heart failure, and arrhythmias, all of which are associated with increased risks for sudden cardiac death. Finally, we summarize the progress of NAD+-boosting therapy in human cardiovascular diseases and the challenges for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Xu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Le Li
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lilei Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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19
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Ferrara G, Benzi A, Sturla L, Marubbi D, Frumento D, Spinelli S, Abbotto E, Ivaldi F, von Holtey M, Murone M, Nencioni A, Uccelli A, Bruzzone S. Sirt6 inhibition delays the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by reducing dendritic cell migration. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:228. [PMID: 32736564 PMCID: PMC7393881 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the most common animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), a neuroinflammatory and demyelinating disease characterized by multifocal perivascular infiltrates of immune cells. Although EAE is predominantly considered a T helper 1-driven autoimmune disease, mounting evidence suggests that activated dendritic cells (DC), which are the bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, also contribute to its pathogenesis. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a NAD+-dependent deacetylase involved in genome maintenance and in metabolic homeostasis, regulates DC activation, and its pharmacological inhibition could, therefore, play a role in EAE development. Methods EAE was induced in female C57bl/6 mice by MOG35-55 injection. The effect of treatment with a small compound SIRT6 inhibitor, administered according to therapeutic and preventive protocols, was assessed by evaluating the clinical EAE score. SIRT6 inhibition was confirmed by Western blot analysis by assessing the acetylation of histone 3 lysine 9, a known SIRT6 substrate. The expression of DC activation and migration markers was evaluated by FACS in mouse lymph nodes. In addition, the expression of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the spinal cord were assessed by qPCR. T cell infiltration in spinal cords was evaluated by immunofluorescence imaging. The effect of Sirt6 inhibition on the migration of resting and activated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells was investigated in in vitro chemotaxis assays. Results Preventive pharmacological Sirt6 inhibition effectively delayed EAE disease onset through a novel regulatory mechanism, i.e., by reducing the representation of CXCR4-positive and of CXCR4/CCR7-double-positive DC in lymph nodes. The delay in EAE onset correlated with the early downregulation in the expression of CD40 on activated lymph node DC, with increased level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and with a reduced encephalitogenic T cell infiltration in the central nervous system. Consistent with the in vivo data, in vitro pharmacological Sirt6 inhibition in LPS-stimulated, bone marrow-derived DC reduced CCL19/CCL21- and SDF-1-induced DC migration. Conclusions Our findings indicate the ability of Sirt6 inhibition to impair DC migration, to downregulate pathogenic T cell inflammatory responses and to delay EAE onset. Therefore, Sirt6 might represent a valuable target for developing novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of early stages of MS, or of other autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ferrara
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, Largo R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Benzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Sturla
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Daniela Marubbi
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, Largo R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Davide Frumento
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Sonia Spinelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Abbotto
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Ivaldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Alessio Nencioni
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, Largo R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Antonio Uccelli
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, Largo R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Santina Bruzzone
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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20
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Targeted anti-inflammatory therapy is a new insight for reducing cardiovascular events: A review from physiology to the clinic. Life Sci 2020; 253:117720. [PMID: 32360620 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite considerable progressions, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still one of the major causes of mortality around the world, indicates an important and unmet clinical need. Recently, extensive studies have been performed on the role of inflammatory factors as either a major or surrogate factor in the pathophysiology of CVD. Epidemiological observations suggest the theory of the role of inflammatory mediators in the development of cardiovascular events. This may support the idea that targeted anti-inflammatory therapies, on the background of traditional validated medical therapies, can play a significant role in prevention and even reduction of cardiovascular disorders. Many randomized controlled trials have shown that drugs commonly useful for primary and secondary prevention of CVD have an anti-inflammatory mechanism. Further, many anti-inflammatory drugs are being examined because of their potential to reduce the risk of cardiovascular problems. In this study, we review the process of inflammation in the development of cardiovascular events, both in vivo and clinical evidence in immunotherapy for CVD.
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21
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Mourouzis K, Oikonomou E, Siasos G, Tsalamadris S, Vogiatzi G, Antonopoulos A, Fountoulakis P, Goliopoulou A, Papaioannou S, Tousoulis D. Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Acute Coronary Syndromes. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4624-4647. [PMID: 32282296 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200413082353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last decades, the role of inflammation and immune system activation in the initiation and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been established. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to present the interplay between cytokines and their actions preceding and shortly after ACS. METHODS We searched in a systemic manner the most relevant articles to the topic of inflammation, cytokines, vulnerable plaque and myocardial infarction in MEDLINE, COCHRANE and EMBASE databases. RESULTS Different classes of cytokines (intereleukin [IL]-1 family, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) family, chemokines, adipokines, interferons) are implicated in the entire process leading to destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque, and consequently, to the incidence of myocardial infarction. Especially IL-1 and TNF-α family are involved in inflammatory cell accumulation, vulnerable plaque formation, platelet aggregation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and adverse remodeling following the myocardial infarction. Several cytokines such as IL-6, adiponectin, interferon-γ, appear with significant prognostic value in ACS patients. Thus, research interest focuses on the modulation of inflammation in ACS to improve clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION Understanding the unique characteristics that accompany each cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction could illuminate the signaling pathways involved in plaque destabilization and indicate future treatment strategies to improve cardiovascular prognosis in ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Mourouzis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotiris Tsalamadris
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vogiatzi
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios Antonopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Fountoulakis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Athina Goliopoulou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Papaioannou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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22
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Song KY, Zhang XZ, Li F, Ji QR. Silencing of ATP2B1-AS1 contributes to protection against myocardial infarction in mouse via blocking NFKBIA-mediated NF-κB signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4466-4479. [PMID: 32155320 PMCID: PMC7176878 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is an acute coronary syndrome that refers to tissue infarction of the myocardium. This study aimed to investigate the effect of long intergenic non‐protein‐coding RNA (lincRNA) ATPase plasma membrane Ca2+ transporting 1 antisense RNA 1 (ATP2B1‐AS1) against MI by targeting nuclear factor‐kappa‐B inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA) and mediating the nuclear factor‐kappa‐B (NF‐κB) signalling pathway. An MI mouse model was established and idenepsied by cardiac function evaluation. It was determined that ATP2B1‐AS1 was highly expressed, while NFKBIA was poorly expressed and NF‐κB signalling pathway was activated in MI mice. Cardiomyocytes were extracted from mice and introduced with a series of mouse ATP2B1‐AS1 vector, NFKBIA vector, siRNA‐mouse ATP2B1‐AS1 and siRNA‐NFKBIA. The expression of NF‐κBp50, NF‐κBp65 and IKKβ was determined to idenepsy whether ATP2B1‐AS1 and NFKBIA affect the NF‐κB signalling pathway, the results of which suggested that ATP2B1‐AS1 down‐regulated the expression of NFKBIA and activated the NF‐κB signalling pathway in MI mice. Based on the data from assessment of cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis and levels of inflammatory cytokines, either silencing of mouse ATP2B1‐AS1 or overexpression of NFKBIA was suggested to result in reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and expression of inflammatory cytokines, as well as enhanced cardiomyocyte viability. Our study provided evidence that mouse ATP2B1‐AS1 silencing may have the potency to protect against MI in mice through inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation, highlighting a great promise as a novel therapeutic target for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-You Song
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Xian-Zhao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Feng Li
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, China
| | - Qing-Rong Ji
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
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23
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Guo LY, Yang F, Peng LJ, Li YB, Wang AP. CXCL2, a new critical factor and therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Clin Exp Hypertens 2019; 42:428-437. [PMID: 31752549 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2019.1693585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ya Guo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, university of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jun Peng
- Medical Record Statistics Office and Library, The Pediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Bing Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- National key Discipline of Human Anatomy, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Ping Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
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24
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Gaudino F, Manfredonia I, Managò A, Audrito V, Raffaelli N, Vaisitti T, Deaglio S. Subcellular Characterization of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Biosynthesis in Metastatic Melanoma by Using Organelle-Specific Biosensors. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:1150-1165. [PMID: 31456414 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays central roles in a wide array of normal and pathological conditions. Inhibition of NAD+ biosynthesis can be exploited therapeutically in cancer, including melanoma. To obtain quantitation of NAD+ levels in live cells and to address the issue of the compartmentalization of NAD+ biosynthesis, we exploited a recently described genetically encoded NAD+ biosensor (LigA-circularly permutated Venus), which was targeted to the cytosol, mitochondria, and nuclei of BRAF-V600E A375 melanoma cells, a model of metastatic melanoma (MM). Results: FK866, a specific inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the main NAD+-producing enzyme in MM cells, was used to monitor NAD+ depletion kinetics at the subcellular level in biosensor-transduced A375 cells. In addition, we treated FK866-blocked A375 cells with NAD+ precursors, including nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide riboside, and quinolinic acid, highlighting an organelle-specific capacity of each substrate to rescue from NAMPT block. Expression of NAD+ biosynthetic enzymes was then biochemically studied in isolated organelles, revealing the presence of NAMPT in all three cellular compartments, whereas nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase was predominantly cytosolic and mitochondrial, and nicotinamide riboside kinase mitochondrial and nuclear. In keeping with biosensor data, quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase was expressed at extremely low levels. Innovation and Conclusions: Throughout this work, we validated the use of genetically encoded NAD+ biosensors to characterize subcellular distribution of NAD+ production routes in MM. The chance of real-time monitoring of NAD+ fluctuations after chemical perturbations, together with a deeper comprehension of the cofactor biosynthesis compartmentalization, strengthens the foundation for a targeted strategy of NAD+ pool manipulation in cancer and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gaudino
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Managò
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Nadia Raffaelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tiziana Vaisitti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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25
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Byun J, Oka SI, Imai N, Huang CY, Ralda G, Zhai P, Ikeda Y, Ikeda S, Sadoshima J. Both gain and loss of Nampt function promote pressure overload-induced heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H711-H725. [PMID: 31347918 PMCID: PMC6843022 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00222.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The heart requires high-energy production, but metabolic ability declines in the failing heart. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase (Nampt) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the salvage pathway of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) synthesis. NAD is directly involved in various metabolic processes and may indirectly regulate metabolic gene expression through sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), an NAD-dependent protein deacetylase. However, how Nampt regulates cardiac function and metabolism in the failing heart is poorly understood. Here we show that pressure-overload (PO)-induced heart failure is exacerbated in both systemic Nampt heterozygous knockout (Nampt+/-) mice and mice with cardiac-specific Nampt overexpression (Tg-Nampt). The NAD level declined in Nampt+/- mice under PO (wild: 377 pmol/mg tissue; Nampt+/-: 119 pmol/mg tissue; P = 0.028). In cultured cardiomyocytes, Nampt knockdown diminished mitochondrial NAD content and ATP production (relative ATP production: wild: 1; Nampt knockdown: 0.56; P = 0.0068), suggesting that downregulation of Nampt induces mitochondrial dysfunction. On the other hand, the NAD level was increased in Tg-Nampt mice at baseline but not during PO, possibly due to increased consumption of NAD by Sirt1. The expression of Sirt1 was increased in Tg-Nampt mice, in association with reduced overall protein acetylation. PO-induced downregulation of metabolic genes was exacerbated in Tg-Nampt mice. In cultured cardiomyocytes, Nampt and Sirt1 cooperatively suppressed mitochondrial proteins and ATP production, thereby promoting mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, Nampt overexpression upregulated inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Thus endogenous Nampt maintains cardiac function and metabolism in the failing heart, whereas Nampt overexpression is detrimental during PO, possibly due to excessive activation of Sirt1, suppression of mitochondrial function, and upregulation of proinflammatory mechanisms.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase (Nampt) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the salvage pathway of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthesis. We demonstrate that pressure overload-induced heart failure is exacerbated in both systemic Nampt heterozygous knockout mice and mice with cardiac-specific Nampt overexpression. Both loss- and gain-of-function models exhibited reduced protein acetylation, suppression of metabolic genes, and mitochondrial energetic dysfunction. Thus endogenous Nampt maintains cardiac function and metabolism in the failing heart, but cardiac-specific Nampt overexpression is detrimental rather than therapeutic.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/surgery
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytokines/deficiency
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Energy Metabolism
- Heart Failure/enzymology
- Heart Failure/etiology
- Heart Failure/genetics
- Heart Failure/physiopathology
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Ligation
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mitochondria, Heart/enzymology
- Mitochondria, Heart/pathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- NAD/metabolism
- Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/deficiency
- Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/genetics
- Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/metabolism
- Sirtuin 1/genetics
- Sirtuin 1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemin Byun
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Shin-Ichi Oka
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Nobushige Imai
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Chun-Yang Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Guersom Ralda
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Peiyong Zhai
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Yoshiyuki Ikeda
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Shohei Ikeda
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
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26
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Singh M, Benencia F. Inflammatory processes in obesity: focus on endothelial dysfunction and the role of adipokines as inflammatory mediators. Int Rev Immunol 2019; 38:157-171. [DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2019.1638921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manindra Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Fabian Benencia
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- The Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
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27
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Regulation mechanism of aquaporin 9 gene on inflammatory response and cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction through extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 pathway. Heart Vessels 2019; 34:2041-2051. [DOI: 10.1007/s00380-019-01452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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28
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Cheng Y, Ma XL, Wei YQ, Wei XW. Potential roles and targeted therapy of the CXCLs/CXCR2 axis in cancer and inflammatory diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1871:289-312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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29
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Travelli C, Consonni FM, Sangaletti S, Storto M, Morlacchi S, Grolla AA, Galli U, Tron GC, Portararo P, Rimassa L, Pressiani T, Mazzone M, Trovato R, Ugel S, Bronte V, Tripodo C, Colombo MP, Genazzani AA, Sica A. Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Acts as a Metabolic Gate for Mobilization of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. Cancer Res 2019; 79:1938-1951. [PMID: 30777853 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer induces alteration of hematopoiesis to fuel disease progression. We report that in tumor-bearing mice the macrophage colony-stimulating factor elevates the myeloid cell levels of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD salvage pathway, which acts as negative regulator of the CXCR4 retention axis of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. NAMPT inhibits CXCR4 through a NAD/Sirtuin 1-mediated inactivation of HIF1α-driven CXCR4 gene transcription, leading to mobilization of immature myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and enhancing their production of suppressive nitric oxide. Pharmacologic inhibition or myeloid-specific ablation of NAMPT prevented MDSC mobilization, reactivated specific antitumor immunity, and enhanced the antitumor activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Our findings identify NAMPT as a metabolic gate of MDSC precursor function, providing new opportunities to reverse tumor immunosuppression and to restore clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings identify NAMPT as a metabolic gate of MDSC precursor function, providing new opportunities to reverse tumor immunosuppression and to restore clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Travelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Maria Consonni
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabina Sangaletti
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariangela Storto
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Morlacchi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ambra A Grolla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Ubaldina Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Gian Cesare Tron
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Paola Portararo
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenza Rimassa
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pressiani
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rosalinda Trovato
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bronte
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Human Pathology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Tumor and Microenvironment Histopathology Unit, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Medicine (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - Mario P Colombo
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Armando A Genazzani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.
| | - Antonio Sica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy. .,Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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30
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Jung M, Dodsworth M, Thum T. Inflammatory cells and their non-coding RNAs as targets for treating myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2018; 114:4. [PMID: 30523422 PMCID: PMC6290728 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-018-0712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction triggers infiltration of several types of immune cells that coordinate both innate and adaptive immune responses. These play a dual role in post-infarction cardiac remodeling by initiating and resolving inflammatory processes, which needs to occur in a timely and well-orchestrated way to ensure a reestablishment of normalized cardiac functions. Thus, therapeutic modulation of immune responses might have benefits for infarct patients. While such strategies have shown great potential in treating cancer, applications in the post-infarction context have been disappointing. One challenge has been the complexity and plasticity of immune cells and their functions in cardiac regulation and healing. The types appear in patterns that are temporally and spatially distinct, while influencing each other and the surrounding tissue. A comprehensive understanding of the immune cell repertoire and their regulatory functions following infarction is sorely needed. Processes of cardiac remodeling trigger additional genetic changes that may also play critical roles in the aftermath of cardiovascular disease. Some of these changes involve non-coding RNAs that play crucial roles in the regulation of immune cells and may, therefore, be of therapeutic interest. This review summarizes what is currently known about the functions of immune cells and non-coding RNAs during post-infarction wound healing. We address some of the challenges that remain and describe novel therapeutic approaches under development that are based on regulating immune responses through non-coding RNAs in the aftermath of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Jung
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Dodsworth
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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31
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Sociali G, Grozio A, Caffa I, Schuster S, Becherini P, Damonte P, Sturla L, Fresia C, Passalacqua M, Mazzola F, Raffaelli N, Garten A, Kiess W, Cea M, Nencioni A, Bruzzone S. SIRT6 deacetylase activity regulates NAMPT activity and NAD(P)(H) pools in cancer cells. FASEB J 2018; 33:3704-3717. [PMID: 30514106 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800321r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD+ salvage pathway from nicotinamide. By controlling the biosynthesis of NAD+, NAMPT regulates the activity of NAD+-converting enzymes, such as CD38, poly-ADP-ribose polymerases, and sirtuins (SIRTs). SIRT6 is involved in the regulation of a wide number of metabolic processes. In this study, we investigated the ability of SIRT6 to regulate intracellular NAMPT activity and NAD(P)(H) levels. BxPC-3 cells and MCF-7 cells were engineered to overexpress a catalytically active or a catalytically inactive SIRT6 form or were engineered to silence endogenous SIRT6 expression. In SIRT6-overexpressing cells, NAD(H) levels were up-regulated, as a consequence of NAMPT activation. By immunopurification and incubation with recombinant SIRT6, NAMPT was found to be a direct substrate of SIRT6 deacetylation, with a mechanism that up-regulates NAMPT enzymatic activity. Extracellular NAMPT release was enhanced in SIRT6-silenced cells. Also glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and NADPH levels were increased in SIRT6-overexpressing cells. Accordingly, increased SIRT6 levels reduced cancer cell susceptibility to H2O2-induced oxidative stress and to doxorubicin. Our data demonstrate that SIRT6 affects intracellular NAMPT activity, boosts NAD(P)(H) levels, and protects against oxidative stress. The use of SIRT6 inhibitors, together with agents inducing oxidative stress, may represent a promising treatment strategy in cancer.-Sociali, G., Grozio, A., Caffa, I., Schuster, S., Becherini, P., Damonte, P., Sturla, L., Fresia, C., Passalacqua, M., Mazzola, F., Raffaelli, N., Garten, A., Kiess, W., Cea, M., Nencioni, A., Bruzzone, S. SIRT6 deacetylase activity regulates NAMPT activity and NAD(P)(H) pools in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Sociali
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, Center for Excellence in Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessia Grozio
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, Center for Excellence in Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Irene Caffa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Susanne Schuster
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pamela Becherini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Damonte
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Sturla
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, Center for Excellence in Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Fresia
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, Center for Excellence in Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Passalacqua
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, Center for Excellence in Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Mazzola
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Nadia Raffaelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antje Garten
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michele Cea
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), San Martino University Hospital-National Institute for Cancer Research (IST), Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), San Martino University Hospital-National Institute for Cancer Research (IST), Genoa, Italy
| | - Santina Bruzzone
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, Center for Excellence in Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
The concept of replenishing or elevating NAD+ availability to combat metabolic disease and ageing is an area of intense research. This has led to a need to define the endogenous regulatory pathways and mechanisms cells and tissues utilise to maximise NAD+ availability such that strategies to intervene in the clinical setting are able to be fully realised. This review discusses the importance of different salvage pathways involved in metabolising the vitamin B3 class of NAD+ precursor molecules, with a particular focus on the recently identified nicotinamide riboside kinase pathway at both a tissue-specific and systemic level.
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Travelli C, Colombo G, Mola S, Genazzani AA, Porta C. NAMPT: A pleiotropic modulator of monocytes and macrophages. Pharmacol Res 2018; 135:25-36. [PMID: 30031171 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the bottleneck enzyme of the NAD salvage pathway and thereby is a controller of intracellular NAD concentrations. It has been long known that the same enzyme can be secreted by a number of cell types and acts as a cytokine, although its receptor is at present unknown. Investigational compounds have been developed that target the enzymatic activity as well as the extracellular action (i.e. neutralizing antibodies). The present contribution reviews the evidence that links intracellular and extracellular NAMPT to myeloid biology, for example governing monocyte/macrophage differentiation, polarization and migration. Furthermore, it reviews the evidence that links this protein to some disorders in which myeloid cells have a prominent role (acute infarct, inflammatory bowel disease, acute lung injury and rheumatoid arthritis) and the data showing that inhibition of the enzymatic activity or the neutralization of the cytokine is beneficial in preclinical animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Travelli
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Giorgia Colombo
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Silvia Mola
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Armando A Genazzani
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
| | - Chiara Porta
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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Akoumianakis I, Antoniades C. The interplay between adipose tissue and the cardiovascular system: is fat always bad? Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:999-1008. [PMID: 28582523 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, clinical research has revealed a paradoxically protective role for obesity in patients with chronic diseases including CVD, suggesting that the biological 'quality' of adipose tissue (AT) may be more important than overall AT mass or body weight. Importantly, AT is recognised as a dynamic organ secreting a wide range of biologically active adipokines, microRNAs, gaseous messengers, and other metabolites that affect the cardiovascular system in both endocrine and paracrine ways. Despite being able to mediate normal cardiovascular function under physiological conditions, AT undergoes a phenotypic shift characterised by acquisition of pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory properties in cases of CVD. Crucially, recent evidence suggests that AT depots such as perivascular AT and epicardial AT are able to modify their phenotype in response to local signals of vascular and myocardial origin, respectively. Utilisation of this unique property of certain AT depots to dynamically track cardiovascular biology may reveal novel diagnostic and prognostic tools against CVD. Better understanding of the mechanisms controlling the 'quality' of AT secretome, as well as the communication links between AT and the cardiovascular system, is required for the efficient management of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Akoumianakis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Dunye Guanxinning Improves Acute Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Neutrophil Infiltration and Caspase-1 Activity. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:4608017. [PMID: 29674944 PMCID: PMC5838499 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4608017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction is the most serious manifestation of cardiovascular disease, and it is a life-threatening condition. Dunye Guanxinning (DG) is a protective traditional Chinese patent herbal medicine with high clinical efficacy and suitable for the treatment of myocardial infarction. However, the mechanism through which it is beneficial is unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that DG improves acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and caspase-1 activity. We found that DG administration decreased infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improved left ventricular ejection fraction, fractional shortening, end-systolic volume index, end-systolic diameter, and carotid arterial blood flow output in rats. DG administration also improved hemorheological parameters, myocardial damage biomarkers, and oxidative stress indexes. The findings showed that DG administration inhibited neutrophil infiltration and reduced the serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) level and myocardial IL-1β maturation. Moreover, DG administration inhibited caspase-1 activity and activated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in rat hearts. These results suggested that DG administration inhibits inflammasome activity and IL-1β release through the AMPK pathway. Our findings support the clinical efficacy of DG and partially reveal its mechanism, which is beneficial for understanding the therapeutic effects of this protective traditional Chinese patent drug.
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da Silva R, Fraga-Silva R, Steffens S, Fabre M, Bauer I, Caffa I, Magnone M, Sociali G, Quercioli A, Pelli G, Lenglet S, Galan K, Burger F, Calvo SV, Bertolotto M, Bruzzone S, Ballestrero A, Patrone F, Dallegri F, Santos R, Stergiopulos N, Mach F, Vuilleumier N, Montecucco F, Nencioni A. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase inhibition reduces intraplaque CXCL1 production and associated neutrophil infiltration in atherosclerotic mice. Thromb Haemost 2017; 111:308-22. [DOI: 10.1160/th13-07-0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryPharmacological treatments targeting CXC chemokines and the associated neutrophil activation and recruitment into atherosclerotic plaques hold promise for treating cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, we investigated whether FK866, a nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties that we recently found to reduce neutrophil recruitment into the ischaemic myocardium, would exert beneficial effects in a mouse atherosclerosis model. Atherosclerotic plaque formation was induced by carotid cast implantation in ApoE-/- mice that were fed with a Western-type diet. FK866 or vehicle were administrated intraperitoneally from week 8 until week 11 of the diet. Treatment with FK866 reduced neutrophil infiltration and MMP-9 content and increased collagen levels in atherosclerotic plaques compared to vehicle. No effect on other histological parameters, including intraplaque lipids or macrophages, was observed. These findings were associated with a reduction in both systemic and intraplaque CXCL1 levels in FK866-treated mice. In vitro, FK866 did not affect MMP-9 release by neutrophils, but it strongly reduced CXCL1 production by endothelial cells which, in the in vivo model, were identified as a main CXCL1 source at the plaque level. CXCL1 synthesis inhibition by FK866 appears to reflect interference with nuclear factor-κB signalling as shown by reduced p65 nuclear levels in endothelial cells pre-treated with FK866. In conclusion, pharmacological inhibition of NAMPT activity mitigates inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques by reducing CXCL1-mediated activities on neutrophils. These results support further assessments of NAMPT inhibitors for the potential prevention of plaque vulnerability.
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Crowe LA, Montecucco F, Carbone F, Friedli I, Hachulla AL, Braunersreuther V, Mach F, Vallée JP. 4D cardiac imaging at clinical 3.0T provides accurate assessment of murine myocardial function and viability. Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 44:46-54. [PMID: 28827099 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2017.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We validate a 4D strategy tailored for 3T clinical systems to simultaneously quantify function and infarct size in wild type mice after ischemia/reperfusion, with improved spatial and temporal resolution by comparison to previous published protocols using clinical field MRI systems. METHODS C57BL/6J mice underwent 60min ischemia/reperfusion (n=14) or were controls without surgery (n=6). Twenty-four hours after surgery mice were imaged with gadolinium injection and sacrificed for post-mortem MRI and histology with serum also taken for Troponin I levels. The double ECG- and respiratory-triggered 3D FLASH (Fast Low Angle Shot) gradient echo (GRE) cine sequence had an acquired isotropic resolution of 344μm, TR/TE of 7.8/2.9ms and acquisition time 25-35min. The conventional 2D FLASH cine sequence had the same in-plane resolution of 344μm, 1mm slice thickness and TR/TE 11/5.4ms for an acquisition time of 20-25min plus 5min for planning. Left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) volumes were measured and functional parameters compared 2D to 3D, left to right and for inter and intra observer reproducibility. MRI infarct volume was compared to histology. RESULTS For the function evaluation, the 3D cine outperformed 2D cine for spatial and temporal resolution. Protocol time for the two methods was equivalent (25-35min). Flow artifacts were reduced (p=0.008) and epi/endo-cardial delineation showed good intra and interobserver reproducibility. Paired t-test comparing ejection volume left to right showed no significant difference for 3D (p=0.37), nor 2D (p=0.30) and correlation slopes of left to right EV were 1.17 (R2=0.75) for 2D and 1.05 (R2=0.50) for 3D. Quantifiable 'late gadolinium enhancement' infarct volume was seen only with the 3D cine and correlated to histology (R2=0.89). Left ejection fraction and MRI-measured infarct volume correlated (R2>0.3). CONCLUSIONS The 4D strategy, with contrast injection, was validated in mice for function and infarct quantification from a single scan with minimal slice planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A Crowe
- Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, Genova, 10 Largo Rosanna Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Iris Friedli
- Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Anne-Lise Hachulla
- Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Vincent Braunersreuther
- Division of Pathology, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Geneva, 64 avenue de la Roseraie, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Paul Vallée
- Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
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38
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Mylonas KJ, Turner NA, Bageghni SA, Kenyon CJ, White CI, McGregor K, Kimmitt RA, Sulston R, Kelly V, Walker BR, Porter KE, Chapman KE, Gray GA. 11β-HSD1 suppresses cardiac fibroblast CXCL2, CXCL5 and neutrophil recruitment to the heart post MI. J Endocrinol 2017; 233:315-327. [PMID: 28522730 PMCID: PMC5457506 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that neutrophil recruitment to the heart following myocardial infarction (MI) is enhanced in mice lacking 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) that regenerates active glucocorticoid within cells from intrinsically inert metabolites. The present study aimed to identify the mechanism of regulation. In a mouse model of MI, neutrophil mobilization to blood and recruitment to the heart were higher in 11β-HSD1-deficient (Hsd11b1-/- ) relative to wild-type (WT) mice, despite similar initial injury and circulating glucocorticoid. In bone marrow chimeric mice, neutrophil mobilization was increased when 11β-HSD1 was absent from host cells, but not when absent from donor bone marrow-derived cells. Consistent with a role for 11β-HSD1 in 'host' myocardium, gene expression of a subset of neutrophil chemoattractants, including the chemokines Cxcl2 and Cxcl5, was selectively increased in the myocardium of Hsd11b1-/- mice relative to WT. SM22α-Cre directed disruption of Hsd11b1 in smooth muscle and cardiomyocytes had no effect on neutrophil recruitment. Expression of Cxcl2 and Cxcl5 was elevated in fibroblast fractions isolated from hearts of Hsd11b1-/- mice post MI and provision of either corticosterone or of the 11β-HSD1 substrate, 11-dehydrocorticosterone, to cultured murine cardiac fibroblasts suppressed IL-1α-induced expression of Cxcl2 and Cxcl5 These data identify suppression of CXCL2 and CXCL5 chemoattractant expression by 11β-HSD1 as a novel mechanism with potential for regulation of neutrophil recruitment to the injured myocardium, and cardiac fibroblasts as a key site for intracellular glucocorticoid regeneration during acute inflammation following myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie J Mylonas
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Neil A Turner
- Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes ResearchLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sumia A Bageghni
- Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes ResearchLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Christopher J Kenyon
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christopher I White
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kieran McGregor
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert A Kimmitt
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Richard Sulston
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Valerie Kelly
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Brian R Walker
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Karen E Porter
- Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes ResearchLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Karen E Chapman
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gillian A Gray
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
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FK866 attenuates acute hepatic failure through c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent autophagy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2206. [PMID: 28526886 PMCID: PMC5438370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
FK866 exhibits a protective effect on D-galactosamine (GaIN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and concanavalin A (ConA)-induced acute liver failure (ALF), but the mechanism by which FK866 affords this benefit has not yet been elucidated. Autophagy has a protective effect on acute liver injury. However, the contribution of autophagy to FK866-conferred hepatoprotection is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether FK866 could attenuate GaIN/LPS and ConA-induced ALF through c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent autophagy. In vivo, Mice were pretreated with FK866 at 24, 12, and 0.5 h before treatment with GaIN/LPS and ConA. 3-methyladenine (3MA) or rapamycin were used to determine the role of autophagy in FK866-conferred hepatoprotection. In primary hepatocytes, autophagy was inhibited by 3MA or autophagy-related protein 7 (Atg7) small interfering RNA (siRNA). JNK was suppressed by SP600125 or Jnk siRNA. FK866 alleviated hepatotoxicity and increased autophagy while decreased JNK activation. Suppression of autophagy abolished the FK866-conferred protection. Inhibition of JNK increased autophagy and exhibited strongly protective effect. Collectively, FK866 could ameliorate GaIN/LPS and ConA-induced ALF through induction of autophagy while suppression of JNK. These findings suggest that FK866 acts as a simple and applicable preconditioning intervention to protect against ALF; autophagy and JNK may also provide therapeutic targets for ALF treatment.
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40
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Wu GC, Liao WI, Wu SY, Pao HP, Tang SE, Li MH, Huang KL, Chu SJ. Targeting of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase enzymatic activity ameliorates lung damage induced by ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Respir Res 2017; 18:71. [PMID: 28438162 PMCID: PMC5404693 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence reveals that nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) has a significant role in the pathophysiology of the inflammatory process. NAMPT inhibition has a beneficial effect in the treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases. However, it remains unclear whether NAMPT inhibition has an impact on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute lung injury. In this study, we examined whether NAMPT inhibition provided protection against I/R lung injury in rats. Methods Isolated perfused rat lungs were subjected to 40 min of ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion. The rats were randomly allotted to the control, control + FK866 (NAMPT inhibitor, 10 mg/kg), I/R, or I/R + FK866 groups (n = 6 per group). The effects of FK866 on human alveolar epithelial cells exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) were also investigated. Results Treatment with FK866 significantly attenuated the increases in lung edema, pulmonary arterial pressure, lung injury scores, and TNF-α, CINC-1, and IL-6 concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the I/R group. Malondialdehyde levels, carbonyl contents and MPO-positive cells in lung tissue were also significantly reduced by FK866. Additionally, FK866 mitigated I/R-stimulated degradation of IκB-α, nuclear translocation of NF-κB, Akt phosphorylation, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase, and downregulated MKP-1 activity in the injured lung tissue. Furthermore, FK866 increased Bcl-2 and decreased caspase-3 activity in the I/R rat lungs. Comparably, the in vitro experiments showed that FK866 also inhibited IL-8 production and NF-κB activation in human alveolar epithelial cells exposed to H/R. Conclusions Our findings suggest that NAMPT inhibition may be a novel therapeutic approach for I/R-induced lung injury. The protective effects involve the suppression of multiple signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng-Chin Wu
- The Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-I Liao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Wu
- The Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ping Pao
- The Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-En Tang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hui Li
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lun Huang
- The Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shi-Jye Chu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Chenggong Road, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Carbone F, Liberale L, Bonaventura A, Vecchiè A, Casula M, Cea M, Monacelli F, Caffa I, Bruzzone S, Montecucco F, Nencioni A. Regulation and Function of Extracellular Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/Visfatin. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:603-621. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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42
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Montecucco F, Liberale L, Bonaventura A, Vecchiè A, Dallegri F, Carbone F. The Role of Inflammation in Cardiovascular Outcome. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2017; 19:11. [DOI: 10.1007/s11883-017-0646-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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43
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Sirt6 regulates dendritic cell differentiation, maturation, and function. Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 8:34-49. [PMID: 26761436 PMCID: PMC4761712 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells that critically influence decisions about immune activation or tolerance. Impaired DC function is at the core of common chronic disorders and contributes to reduce immunocompetence during aging. Knowledge on the mechanisms regulating DC generation and function is necessary to understand the immune system and to prevent disease and immunosenescence. Here we show that the sirtuin Sirt6, which was previously linked to healthspan promotion, stimulates the development of myeloid, conventional DCs (cDCs). Sirt6-knockout (Sirt6KO) mice exhibit low frequencies of bone marrow cDC precursors and low yields of bone marrow-derived cDCs compared to wild-type (WT) animals. Sirt6KO cDCs express lower levels of class II MHC, of costimulatory molecules, and of the chemokine receptor CCR7, and are less immunostimulatory compared to WT cDCs. Similar effects in terms of differentiation and immunostimulatory capacity were observed in human monocyte-derived DCs in response to SIRT6 inhibition. Finally, while Sirt6KO cDCs show an overall reduction in their ability to produce IL-12, TNF-α and IL-6 secretion varies dependent on the stimulus, being reduced in response to CpG, but increased in response to other Toll-like receptor ligands. In conclusion, Sirt6 plays a crucial role in cDC differentiation and function and reduced Sirt6 activity may contribute to immunosenescence.
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Yang Y, Sauve AA. NAD(+) metabolism: Bioenergetics, signaling and manipulation for therapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1864:1787-1800. [PMID: 27374990 PMCID: PMC5521000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We survey the historical development of scientific knowledge surrounding Vitamin B3, and describe the active metabolite forms of Vitamin B3, the pyridine dinucleotides NAD+ and NADP+ which are essential to cellular processes of energy metabolism, cell protection and biosynthesis. The study of NAD+ has become reinvigorated by new understandings that dynamics within NAD+ metabolism trigger major signaling processes coupled to effectors (sirtuins, PARPs, and CD38) that reprogram cellular metabolism using NAD+ as an effector substrate. Cellular adaptations include stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, a process fundamental to adjusting cellular and tissue physiology to reduced nutrient availability and/or increased energy demand. Several mammalian metabolic pathways converge to NAD+, including tryptophan-derived de novo pathways, nicotinamide salvage pathways, nicotinic acid salvage and nucleoside salvage pathways incorporating nicotinamide riboside and nicotinic acid riboside. Key discoveries highlight a therapeutic potential for targeting NAD+ biosynthetic pathways for treatment of human diseases. A recent emergence of understanding that NAD+ homeostasis is vulnerable to aging and disease processes has stimulated testing to determine if replenishment or augmentation of cellular or tissue NAD+ can have ameliorative effects on aging or disease phenotypes. This experimental approach has provided several proofs of concept successes demonstrating that replenishment or augmentation of NAD+ concentrations can provide ameliorative or curative benefits. Thus NAD+ metabolic pathways can provide key biomarkers and parameters for assessing and modulating organism health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anthony A Sauve
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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45
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Sociali G, Raffaghello L, Magnone M, Zamporlini F, Emionite L, Sturla L, Bianchi G, Vigliarolo T, Nahimana A, Nencioni A, Raffaelli N, Bruzzone S. Antitumor effect of combined NAMPT and CD73 inhibition in an ovarian cancer model. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2968-84. [PMID: 26658104 PMCID: PMC4823084 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a crucial enzyme in the biosynthesis of intracellular NAD+. NAMPT inhibitors have potent anticancer activity in several preclinical models by depleting NAD+ and ATP levels. Recently, we demonstrated that CD73 enables the utilization of extracellular NAD+/nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) by converting them to Nicotinamide riboside (NR), which can cross the plasmamembrane and fuel intracellular NAD+ biosynthesis in human cells. These processes are herein confirmed to also occur in a human ovarian carcinoma cell line (OVCAR-3), by means of CD73 or NRK1 specific silencing. Next, we investigated the anti-tumor activity of the simultaneous inhibition of NAMPT (with FK866) and CD73 (with α, β-methylene adenosine 5′-diphosphate, APCP), in an in vivo human ovarian carcinoma model. Interestingly, the combined therapy was found to significantly decrease intratumor NAD+, NMN and ATP levels, compared with single treatments. In addition, the concentration of these nucleotides in ascitic exudates was more remarkably reduced in animals treated with both FK866 and APCP compared with single treatments. Importantly, tumors treated with FK866 in combination with APCP contained a statistically significant lower proportion of Ki67 positive proliferating cells and a higher percentage of necrotic area. Finally, a slight but significant increase in animal survival in response to the combined therapy, compared to the single agents, could be demonstrated. Our results indicate that the pharmacological inhibition of CD73 enzymatic activity could be considered as a means to potentiate the anti-cancer effects of NAMPT inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Sociali
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Mirko Magnone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Zamporlini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Emionite
- Animal Facility, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Sturla
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Bianchi
- Laboratorio di Oncologia Istituto G. Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Tiziana Vigliarolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Aimable Nahimana
- Service and Central Laboratory of Hematology, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011-CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy.,IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Nadia Raffaelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Santina Bruzzone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
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Halade GV, Ma Y. Neutrophils: Friend, foe, or contextual ally in myocardial healing. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 97:44-6. [PMID: 27133770 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh V Halade
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yonggang Ma
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
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Montecucco F, Carbone F, Schindler TH. Pathophysiology of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: novel mechanisms and treatments. Eur Heart J 2016; 37:1268-1283. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
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Carbone F, Crowe LA, Roth A, Burger F, Lenglet S, Braunersreuther V, Brandt KJ, Quercioli A, Mach F, Vallée JP, Montecucco F. Treatment with anti-RANKL antibody reduces infarct size and attenuates dysfunction impacting on neutrophil-mediated injury. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 94:82-94. [PMID: 27056420 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Selective pharmacological treatments targeting reperfusion injury produced modest protective effects and might be associated with immunosuppression. In order to identify novel and better-tolerated approaches, we focused on the neutralization of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand [RANKL], a cytokine recently shown to activate inflammatory cells (i.e. neutrophils) orchestrating post-infarction injury and repair. Myocardial ischemia (60min) and reperfusion injury was surgically induced in C57Bl/6 mice. In hearts and serum, RANKL was early upregulated during reperfusion. A "one-shot" injection with neutralizing anti-RANKL IgG during ischemia ameliorated myocardial infarct size and function, but not adverse remodeling (determined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging [MRI]) as compared to Vehicle or control IgG. These beneficial effects were accompanied in vivo by reduction in cardiac neutrophil infiltration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MMP-9 release. Anti-RANKL IgG treatment suppressed sudden peak of neutrophil granule products in mouse serum early after reperfusion onset. In vitro, RANK mRNA expression was detected in isolated mouse neutrophils. Co-incubation with neutralizing anti-RANKL IgG abrogated RANKL-induced mouse neutrophil degranulation and migration, suggesting a critical role of RANKL in neutrophil-mediated injury. Conversely, anti-RANKL IgG did not affect salvage pathways in cardiac cells (i.e. ERK p42/p44, Akt and STAT-3) or macrophage cardiac infiltration. Finally, treatment with anti-RANKL IgG showed no effect on B and T lymphocyte polarization (in serum, spleen and infarcted myocardium) and circulating chemokines as compared with Vehicle or control IgG. In conclusion, acute treatment with anti-RANKL IgG improved cardiac infarct size and function by potentially impacting on neutrophil-mediated injury and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Carbone
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lindsey A Crowe
- Division of Radiology, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aline Roth
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Burger
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Lenglet
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Braunersreuther
- Division of Pathology, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karim J Brandt
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Quercioli
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Paul Vallée
- Division of Radiology, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine and IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
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Kacso AC, Bondor CI, Coman AL, Potra AR, Georgescu CE. Determinants of visfatin in type 2 diabetes patients with diabetic kidney disease: Relationship to inflammation, adiposity and undercarboxylated osteocalcin. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2016; 76:217-25. [PMID: 26922969 DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2015.1137349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visfatin is a proinflammatory molecule with possible actions on glucose metabolism. Interactions to bone metabolism and undercarboxylated osteocalcin (uOC) in diabetic patients (T2DP) with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) have not been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included 51 incident T2DP with DKD. History, laboratory evaluation, anthropometry, visfatin, uOC were obtained. Fifteen T2DP without DKD were used as controls. RESULTS Visfatin was similar in DKD patients and controls: 1.56(0.97-3.03) versus 2.04(1.08-3.21) ng/mL, p = 0.51. In controls, visfatin positively correlated with diabetes duration (r = 0.63, p = 0.01) and negatively with uOC (r = -0.57, p = 0.03). In multivariate regression, diabetes duration remained significant (p = 0.01). In patients with DKD, visfatin was positively linked to C reactive protein (r = 0.27, p = 0.05), tricipital skin fold (TSF) (r = 0.41, p = 0.004) and leukocytes (r = 0.37, p = 0.01); the latter two parameters predicted visfatin in multivariate model (p = 0.001). In normoalbuminuric patients, visfatin was linked to body mass index (r = 0.32, p = 0.04), waist circumference (r = 0.42, p < 0.0001), LDL cholesterol (r = 0.33, p = 0.03), serum glucose (r = 0.36, p = 0.03) and glycated hemoglobin (r = 0.41, p = 0.007); there was a trend towards negative correlation to uOC (r = -0.28, p = 0.07); only glycaemia remained significant in multivariate analysis (p = 0.04). Albuminuric patients displayed a positive correlation of visfatin to waist to hip ratio (r = 0.41, p = 0.04) and leukocytes (r = 0.56, p = 0.04); the latter remained significant in multivariate regression (p = 0.005). CONCLUSION The main determinant of visfatin in T2D patients with DKD is inflammation; in normoalbuminuric patients, a positive link to adiposity and altered glycemic control and a trend towards a negative correlation to uOC was observable; the latter relationship was evident in patients without DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C Kacso
- a University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj , Cluj Napoca
| | - Cosmina I Bondor
- b Department of Informatics and Biostatistics , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Anca L Coman
- c Department of Nephrology , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Alina R Potra
- c Department of Nephrology , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Carmen E Georgescu
- d Department of Endocrinology , University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu" Cluj , Cluj Napoca , Romania
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50
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Monocyte-derived extracellular Nampt-dependent biosynthesis of NAD(+) protects the heart against pressure overload. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15857. [PMID: 26522369 PMCID: PMC4629142 DOI: 10.1038/srep15857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the salvage pathway for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis, and thereby regulates the deacetylase activity of sirtuins. Here we show accommodative regulation of myocardial NAD+ by monocyte-derived extracellular Nampt (eNampt), which is essential for hemodynamic compensation to pressure overload. Although intracellular Nampt (iNampt) expression was decreased in pressure-overloaded hearts, myocardial NAD+ concentration and Sirt1 activity were preserved. In contrast, iNampt was up-regulated in spleen and monocytes, and circulating eNampt protein and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a key precursor of NAD+, were significantly increased. Pharmacological inhibition of Nampt by FK866 or depletion of monocytes/macrophages by clodronate liposomes disrupted the homeostatic mechanism of myocardial NAD+ levels and NAD+-dependent Sirt1 activity, leading to susceptibility to cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac decompensation in pressure-overloaded mice. These biochemical and hemodynamic defects were prevented by systemic administration of NMN. Our studies uncover a crucial role of monocyte-derived eNampt in myocardial adaptation to pressure overload, and highlight a potential intervention controlling myocardial NAD+ against heart failure.
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