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Kim MS, Cho SI. Factors influencing psychological concerns about COVID-19 in South Korea: direct and indirect damage during the early stages of pandemic. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:54. [PMID: 38166932 PMCID: PMC10763012 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 pandemic has led to psychological concerns, the distribution of which across populations may differ depending on whether pandemic-related damage is direct or indirect. This study aims to investigate concerns associated with direct and indirect damage according to population characteristics, and identify relatively vulnerable groups that are particularly affected by concerns. METHOD This cross-sectional study used data from the 2020 Korea Community Health Survey, which collected data based on a complex sampling design. A total of 208,106 responses from individuals aged ≥ 19 were collected via in-person interviews. The items related to COVID-19 concerns were measured by Likert scales ranging from 1 to 5 and categorized into two types: direct concerns, which pertained to infection or death, and indirect concerns, which pertained to criticism, vulnerability, and economic damage, through factor analysis. We compared the means and effect size of direct concerns, indirect concerns, and overall concerns using weighted mean, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a two-factor structure for psychological concerns about COVID-19 (CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.97, SRMR = 0.02, RMSEA = 0.06), which were divided into direct and indirect concerns. Mean scores were 3.62 for direct concerns and 4.07 for indirect concerns. Direct concerns were higher in females (B = .26); the elderly (B = .15); those diagnosed with hypertension or diabetes (B = .04; B = .06); those with few assistants during quarantine (B = .15); and those whose neighbors responded inappropriately to COVID-19 (B = .07). Indirect concerns were lower among the elderly (B = -.04), and higher among young; married (B = .25); pink- or blue-collar workers (B = .08; B = .06); and those who felt that the city responded inappropriately to COVID-19 (B = .02). CONCLUSION The prevalence of concerns regarding direct and indirect damage caused by the COVID-19 pandemic differed according to population characteristics. Some factors had a marked influence on direct and indirect concerns. Our findings could inform psychological interventions and policies for future pandemics. Customized interventions are needed to prevent negative psychological concerns and improve mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Sung Kim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Il Cho
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Liu ZM, Liu CY, Chen CQ, Ye XD. 360° Digital Travel to Improve Emotional State and Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Presence and Sense of Place. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2023; 26:690-697. [PMID: 37335922 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2022.0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a decline in people's subjective well-being and emotional states. Digital travel based on 360° videos provides an alternate way for people to improve their mental health at home during this specific period. Yet, how to construct effective digital travel content that improves emotions remains an issue. This investigation assessed the impact of people's perceived presence and sense of place (SOP) on emotional improvement during a 360° digital travel experience. A total of 156 undergraduate students volunteered to participate, and anxiety, emotion levels, and life satisfaction were measured before and after the digital travel experience; presence and SOP ratings were also collected after the experience. A Latent Change Score model was then developed, and the results indicated that the greater presence and SOP individuals experienced during their digital travel, the better their digital travel experience and emotional improvement. Furthermore, the current data highlight that SOP has a greater impact on emotional improvement than presence. This result provides a novel understanding that how SOP is generated may be more critical to digital travel than presence. This new understanding should help improve relevant applications in the field of digital travel, such as the possibility of providing meaningful narrative context in a virtual environment to induce SOP more effectively, and improve the digital travel experience. Overall, the findings of this study expand our understanding of the digital travel experience and lay the groundwork for future research on SOP and digital travel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Min Liu
- Department of Educational Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Ye Liu
- Department of Educational Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chuang-Qi Chen
- Department of Educational Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin-Dong Ye
- Department of Educational Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
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Głogowska-Gruszka A, Wypych-Ślusarska A. Emotional control and factors differentiating it in the adult population of Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1225698. [PMID: 37425166 PMCID: PMC10323323 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1225698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The public health crisis related to the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the mental health of both individuals and entire populations. The source of stress was not only the fear of getting sick, but also the restrictions introduced, such as: mass lockdown, the need to maintain social distance, quarantine or the mandatory use of personal protective equipment. Their introduction and maintenance caused various emotional reactions which often resulted in undesirable behavior leading to infections spreading. The aim of the study The aim of the study was to analyze the level of emotional control depending on selected factors related to the pandemic and the introduced restrictions. Materials and methods The study covered 594 adult Poles. To evaluate knowledge about COVID-19 and attitudes toward the implemented restrictions, the questionnaire prepared by the authors was used. To determine the level of control of anger, depression and anxiety the Courtauld Emotional Control Scale (CECS) was used, and to estimate the level of perceived stress the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) was applied. Results In the entire analyzed group, the general level of emotional control was 51.82 ± 12.26, with anxiety being the most suppressed emotion (17.95 ± 4.99), whereas the least suppressed emotion was anger (16.35 ± 5.15). The average stress level in the studied group was 20.5 ± 5.3. The level of perceived stress did not differentiate the level of emotional control. It was found that the higher level of the knowledge about the pandemic and methods of prevention, the higher emotional control, especially in the anxiety subscale (high level of knowledge - 18.26 ± 5.36 vs. low level of knowledge - 15.09 ± 3.6; p = 0.02). People reporting difficulties in reconciling remote work with home duties were less able to control anger (14.63 ± 4.98) than people without such problems (16.71 ± 4.12; p = 0.007). Conclusion Proper education improving knowledge about COVID-19 and methods of prevention may enhance the control of emotions in the population. Possible future preventive measures aimed at limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections or other infectious diseases should also take into account possible excessive mental burden caused by private and professional duties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Głogowska-Gruszka
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Civilization-related Hazards, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland
| | - Agata Wypych-Ślusarska
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland
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Postma JM, Marko T, Meyer M, DeNike A, Thomas J, Walden V, Butterfield P. Assessing community response to wildfire smoke: A multimethod study using social media. Public Health Nurs 2023; 40:153-162. [PMID: 36345609 PMCID: PMC9839534 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess health-related responses to wildfire smoke on social media. We examined whether seasonal wildfire smoke is an active topic on Twitter, the correlation between fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) and Twitter search terms, and dimensions of community-level expression to wildfire smoke through tweets. DESIGN Search terms were identified using a conceptual model developed and refined by healthcare providers and public health experts. Wildfire-related tweets were downloaded from Twitter users in Spokane, Washington during the 2017 and 2018 wildfire seasons. PM2.5 data were correlated with the search terms. A subset of tweets was deductively and then inductively coded to identify perceptions and behavioral responses to wildfire smoke. RESULTS Seasonal wildfire smoke is an active topic on Twitter. The term "smoke" was strongly correlated with poor air quality and "unhealthy" was moderately correlated. Deductive analyses revealed a multidimensional response to wildfire smoke. Inductive analysis identified new areas of concern, such as pet and animal health. CONCLUSIONS Social media is a lens through which public health professionals can assess and respond to local community needs. Findings will be used to broaden the conceptual model, enhance ongoing surveillance of community-identified health risks, and communicate protective actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Marie Postma
- Washington State University College of Nursing, Spokane, Washington, United States
| | - Tara Marko
- Washington State University College of Nursing, Spokane, Washington, United States
| | - Marissa Meyer
- Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Abigail DeNike
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, United States
| | - Jennifer Thomas
- Pacific Lutheran University School of Nursing, Tacoma, Washington, United States
| | - Von Walden
- Voiland College of Engineering and Architecture, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Patricia Butterfield
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, United States
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Ho WWY. Influence of play on positive psychological development in emerging adulthood: A serial mediation model. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1057557. [PMID: 36562058 PMCID: PMC9763996 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1057557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although the literature reports that play provides substantial psychological benefits for individuals, it is often only emphasized by educators for younger children but less so for emerging adults. This cross-sectional study examined the impact of time spent engaged in play on emerging adults' emotional intelligence, emotional traits, and resilience. Methods Participants (N = 131, 93.9% women) were full-time undergraduate students between the ages of 19 and 25 (M = 21.28, SD = 1.08). Results Results showed that play experiences cultivated emotional intelligence and strengthened resilience. Further, the findings supported a serial mediation model in which play was indirectly related to resilience through its effect on emotional intelligence and positive emotion. Discussion Play is recognized as a means to relieve stress and protect psychological wellbeing. Emerging adults who experience pleasure, enjoyment, learning, and the acquisition of new skills will benefit from play. Individuals should enhance positive play experiences, particularly sporting activities, to maintain a healthy work-life balance given the positive relationship between play, emotional intelligence, emotional traits, and resilience.
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Pivecka N, Ratzinger RA, Florack A. Emotions and virality: Social transmission of political messages on Twitter. Front Psychol 2022; 13:931921. [PMID: 36438335 PMCID: PMC9692101 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.931921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Drawing on previous literature that valence and arousal constitute the fundamental properties of emotions and that emotional content is a determinant of social transmission, this study examines the role of valence and arousal in the social transmission of politicians' messages on Twitter. For over 3,000 tweets from five Austrian party leaders, the discrete emotion that the message intended to elicit in its recipients was captured by human coders and then classified on its valence (positive or negative) and arousal (low or high). We examined the effects of valence and arousal on the retweet probability of messages. Results indicate that tweets eliciting a negative (vs. positive) valence decreased retweet probability, whereas tweets eliciting a high (vs. low) arousal increased retweet probability. The present research replicates previous findings that arousal constitutes a determinant of social transmission but extends this mechanism to the realm of political communication on Twitter. Moreover, in contrast to the frequently mentioned negativity bias, positive emotions increased the likelihood of a message being shared in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Pivecka
- Department of Occupational, Economic and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roja Alexandra Ratzinger
- Department of Occupational, Economic and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Leadership and Change Management, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Arnd Florack
- Department of Occupational, Economic and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Zhang B, Lin J, Luo M, Zeng C, Feng J, Zhou M, Deng F. Changes in Public Sentiment under the Background of Major Emergencies-Taking the Shanghai Epidemic as an Example. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191912594. [PMID: 36231895 PMCID: PMC9565156 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of major health events can have a significant impact on public mood and mental health. In this study, we selected Shanghai during the 2019 novel coronavirus pandemic as a case study and Weibo texts as the data source. The ERNIE pre-training model was used to classify the text data into five emotional categories: gratitude, confidence, sadness, anger, and no emotion. The changes in public sentiment and potential influencing factors were analyzed with the emotional sequence diagram method. We also examined the causal relationship between the epidemic and public sentiment, as well as positive and negative emotions. The study found: (1) public sentiment during the epidemic was primarily affected by public behavior, government behavior, and the severity of the epidemic. (2) From the perspective of time series changes, the changes in public emotions during the epidemic were divided into emotional fermentation, emotional climax, and emotional chaos periods. (3) There was a clear causal relationship between the epidemic and the changes in public emotions, and the impact on negative emotions was greater than that of positive emotions. Additionally, positive emotions had a certain inhibitory effect on negative emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhang
- School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650000, China
| | - Jinping Lin
- School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650000, China
| | - Man Luo
- School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650000, China
| | - Changxian Zeng
- Faculty of Science, Dalian University for Nationalities, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Jiajia Feng
- School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650000, China
| | - Meiqi Zhou
- School of Tourism and Geographical Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650000, China
| | - Fuying Deng
- School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-15808807885
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Cha J, Kim S, Park E. A lexicon-based approach to examine depression detection in social media: the case of Twitter and university community. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 2022; 9:325. [PMID: 36159708 PMCID: PMC9491270 DOI: 10.1057/s41599-022-01313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the number of people who suffer from depression is consistently increasing. Because both detecting and addressing the early stage of depression is one of the strongest factors for effective treatment, a number of scholars have attempted to examine how to detect and address early-stage depression. Recent studies have been focusing on the use of social media for depression detection where users express their thoughts and emotions freely. With this trend, we examine two-step approaches for early-stage depression detection. First, we propose a depression post-classification model using multiple languages Twitter datasets (Korean, English, and Japanese) to improve the applicability of the proposed model. Moreover, we built a depression lexicon for each language, which mental health experts verified. Then, we applied the proposed model to a more specific user group dataset, a community of university students (Everytime), to examine whether the model can be employed to address depression posts in more specific user groups. The classification results present that the proposed model and approach can effectively detect depression posts of a general user group (Twitter), as well as specific user group datasets. Moreover, the implemented models and datasets are publicly available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyeop Cha
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seoyun Kim
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunil Park
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Interaction Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
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