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Gantenbein B, Tang S, Guerrero J, Higuita-Castro N, Salazar-Puerta AI, Croft AS, Gazdhar A, Purmessur D. Non-viral Gene Delivery Methods for Bone and Joints. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:598466. [PMID: 33330428 PMCID: PMC7711090 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.598466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral carrier transport efficiency of gene delivery is high, depending on the type of vector. However, viral delivery poses significant safety concerns such as inefficient/unpredictable reprogramming outcomes, genomic integration, as well as unwarranted immune responses and toxicity. Thus, non-viral gene delivery methods are more feasible for translation as these allow safer delivery of genes and can modulate gene expression transiently both in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro. Based on current studies, the efficiency of these technologies appears to be more limited, but they are appealing for clinical translation. This review presents a summary of recent advancements in orthopedics, where primarily bone and joints from the musculoskeletal apparatus were targeted. In connective tissues, which are known to have a poor healing capacity, and have a relatively low cell-density, i.e., articular cartilage, bone, and the intervertebral disk (IVD) several approaches have recently been undertaken. We provide a brief overview of the existing technologies, using nano-spheres/engineered vesicles, lipofection, and in vivo electroporation. Here, delivery for microRNA (miRNA), and silencing RNA (siRNA) and DNA plasmids will be discussed. Recent studies will be summarized that aimed to improve regeneration of these tissues, involving the delivery of bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), such as BMP2 for improvement of bone healing. For articular cartilage/osteochondral junction, non-viral methods concentrate on targeted delivery to chondrocytes or MSCs for tissue engineering-based approaches. For the IVD, growth factors such as GDF5 or GDF6 or developmental transcription factors such as Brachyury or FOXF1 seem to be of high clinical interest. However, the most efficient method of gene transfer is still elusive, as several preclinical studies have reported many different non-viral methods and clinical translation of these techniques still needs to be validated. Here we discuss the non-viral methods applied for bone and joint and propose methods that can be promising in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gantenbein
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shirley Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Orthopaedics, Spine Research Institute Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Julien Guerrero
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Higuita-Castro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Surgery, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ana I Salazar-Puerta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Surgery, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Andreas S Croft
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Amiq Gazdhar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Devina Purmessur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Orthopaedics, Spine Research Institute Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Pitkin Z, Chhugani P, Chenette A, Shen YJ, du Moulin GC. Validation of an automated method of endotoxin testing for use in the end-product testing of ex vivo activated T-lymphocytes used in a somatic cell therapy. Biotechnol Bioeng 2000; 50:541-7. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19960605)50:5<541::aid-bit8>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Mayhew TA, Williams GR, Senica MA, Kuniholm G, Du Moulin GC. Validation of a quality assurance program for autologous cultured chondrocyte implantation. TISSUE ENGINEERING 1998; 4:325-34. [PMID: 9836795 DOI: 10.1089/ten.1998.4.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of living human cells to facilitate repair of defects in structural tissues is a rapidly emerging treatment option. A quality assurance program based on U.S. Food and Drug Administration good manufacturing practice regulations and other guidance was established and implemented in a program to use autologous cultured chondrocytes for repair of articular defects of the knee. The development of ex vivo cell therapies presents novel issues of quality assurance. The implementation and evaluation of this quality program was based on the implantation of 303 patients with autologous cultured chondrocytes, in which we analyzed a number of quantifiable parameters and which meets the unique challenges of autologous cell therapy within a rigorous regulatory framework. Application of well-accepted principles of quality assurance and quality control coupled with a thorough understanding of the cell culturing processes will result in a safe and efficacious cell therapy product.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Mayhew
- Departments of Quality Systems and Manufacturing, Genzyme Tissue Repair, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4136, USA
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Wagner JA, Burd P. A new role for an old actor. Nat Med 1997; 3:1084-5. [PMID: 9334716 DOI: 10.1038/nm1097-1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Redmond DE. Gene therapy approaches to Parkinson's disease: preclinical to clinical trials, or what steps to take to get there from here? Exp Neurol 1997; 144:160-7. [PMID: 9126166 DOI: 10.1006/exnr.1996.6403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Do "gene therapies" offer new approaches to the treatment of Parkinson's disease? The presentations of this symposium, as well as numerous published articles, suggest that they might. This article describes a preclinical in vivo gene therapy study in parkinsonian monkeys and briefly reviews the history of studies with novel cellular implantation approaches to Parkinson's disease as a basis for evaluating when and how gene therapy trials in Parkinson's patients might be appropriate. A number of concerns are raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Redmond
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Hamden, Connecticut 06517, USA
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Law PK, Goodwin TG, Fang Q, Hall TL, Quinley T, Vastagh G, Duggirala V, Larkin C, Florendo JA, Li L, Jackson T, Yoo TJ, Chase N, Neel M, Krahn T, Holcomb R. First human myoblast transfer therapy continues to show dystrophin after 6 years. Cell Transplant 1997. [PMID: 9040960 DOI: 10.1016/s0963-6897(96)00138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P K Law
- Cell Therapy Research Foundation, Memphis, TN 38117, USA
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Law PK, Goodwin TG, Fang Q, Hall TL, Quinley T, Vastagh G, Duggirala V, Larkin C, Florendo JA, Li L, Jackson T, Yoo TJ, Chase N, Neel M, Krahn T, Holcomb R. Article Commentary: First Human Myoblast Transfer Therapy Continues to Show Dystrophin after 6 Years. Cell Transplant 1997; 6:95-100. [PMID: 9040960 DOI: 10.1177/096368979700600114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P K Law
- Cell Therapy Research Foundation, Memphis, TN 38117, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tzeng
- University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Nicholson S, Pandha HS, Harris JD, Waxman J. Ethical and regulatory issues in gene therapy. BRITISH JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 1995; 76 Suppl 2:71-4. [PMID: 8535759 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1995.tb07875.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Nicholson
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London, UK
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Marti GE, Bauer S, Puri RK, Noguchi PD. Regulatory review of cellular and gene therapies: an overview of the process. TRANSFUSION SCIENCE 1994; 15:323-9. [PMID: 10155549 DOI: 10.1016/0955-3886(94)90163-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cell and gene therapies, using several different approaches, have been proposed for a variety of genetic diseases, cancer and AIDS. The major regulatory review process in the US consists of an institutional review board, the recombinant DNA advisory committee (RAC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Within the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, the Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies has been formed to primarily review investigational new drug applications (INDs) for cellular and gene therapies. Several appropriate "points to consider" documents have been prepared and the RAC has approved over 40 clinical protocols. Advances in biotechnology and the scientific basis for these advances are changing rapidly. Although a flexible, case-by-case approach is necessitated by these rapid changes, regulatory concerns common to all biologicals administered to human subjects remain unchanged. These include safety, efficacy, purity, potency, quality control and assessment, and reproducibility of individual lots. The goal of the review process is a prompt, complete and meticulous review. The emphasis of a pre-IND meeting is toward a working relationship between the sponsor and the FDA prior to the phase I, II and III clinical trials. A timely and ongoing evaluation of pre-clinical testing cannot be overemphasized in this rapidly growing and changing field. The development of a working relationship at this stage will ensure a seamless integration of the IND process with the product and establishment license applications. Because replication-competent retrovirus (RCR) represents a potential for pathogenicity, the FDA is recommending a conservative approach to RCR testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Marti
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, FDA NIH, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- F D Ledley
- GeneMedicine, Inc., Houston, Texas 77054
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du Moulin GC, Stack J, Pitkin Z, Chew-Darke J, Cyr C, White A, Ho L, Shen YJ, Hamilton D, Davies B, Charles C, Conti E, Liu V. A 3-year experience of quality control and quality assurance in the multisite delivery of a lymphocyte-based cellular therapy for renal cell carcinoma. Biotechnol Bioeng 1994; 43:693-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260430804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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du Moulin GC, Pitkin Z, Shen YJ, Conti E, Stewart JK, Charles C, Hamilton D. Overview of a quality assurance/quality control compliance program consistent with FDA regulations and policies for somatic cell and gene therapies: a four year experience. Cytotechnology 1994; 15:365-72. [PMID: 7765951 DOI: 10.1007/bf00762411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell and gene therapy involve the application of biological technologies to an individual patient through the use of living cells which provide a therapeutic benefit (Aliski, 1991). Various forms of cellular and gene therapies are being developed and evaluated in an increasing number of clinical trials for congenital and acquired disorders. The potential and progress of these therapeutic applications have resulted in an increasing effort by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to develop the regulatory framework under which these therapeutic approaches would insure safety and efficacy, the primary mandate of the FDA. Over five years ago Cellcor began to define the parameters, specifications, and conditions relevant to a Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) program that has evolved to insure safety and maximize the efficacy of applications of the company's ex vivo technology, autolymphocyte therapy. Autolymphocyte therapy is an outpatient form of somatic cell immunotherapy based upon the infusion of T cells that have been activated ex vivo using a combination of previously generated autologous cytokines and an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody. We have been able to demonstrate the feasibility for the safe, controlled, and consistent preparation and delivery of a cellular therapy by application of relevant GMP regulations. This presentation reviews aspects of this program and chronicles our experience which at present amounts to over 4400 in fusions for over 700 patients. This program provides a high degree of assurance that a cellular therapy program can be carried out in a multisite mode involving hundreds of patients through the strict adherence to cGMP as set forth in existing regulations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- G C du Moulin
- Department of Quality Control, Cellcor, Inc., Newton, MA 02159
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Kessler DA, Siegel JP, Noguchi PD, Zoon KC, Feiden KL, Woodcock J. Regulation of somatic-cell therapy and gene therapy by the food and drug administration. N Engl J Med 1993; 329:1169-73. [PMID: 8377782 DOI: 10.1056/nejm199310143291607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D A Kessler
- Office of the Commissioner, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Md
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Affiliation(s)
- J Harris
- ICRF Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Oncology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, U.K
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Abstract
Retroviral-mediated gene transfer has permitted the development of clinical protocols for the study and treatment of cancer. These protocols can be divided into gene-labeling and gene therapy proposals. Labeling studies include the tracking of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) following the administration of those cells, and the detection, at the time of relapse, of tumor cells from transplanted autologous bone marrow. Most gene therapy protocols are designed to induce an immune attack against the tumor by inserting genes into tumor cells themselves. Although uncertainty about the safety of the procedure still exists, gene therapy of cancer holds much promise as an effective treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Freeman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Abstracts of the State of the Art Symposia Presented at the 24th Congress of the International Society of Haematology, London, 23–27 August 1992. Br J Haematol 1992. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1992.tb04619.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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