1
|
Chamani S, Moossavi M, Naghizadeh A, Abbasifard M, Kesharwani P, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. Modulatory properties of curcumin in cancer: A narrative review on the role of interferons. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1003-1014. [PMID: 36744753 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The immune network is an effective network of cell types and chemical compounds established to maintain the body's homeostasis from foreign threats and to prevent the risk of a wide range of diseases; hence, its proper functioning and balance are essential. A dysfunctional immune system can contribute to various disorders, including cancer. Therefore, there has been considerable interest in molecules that can modulate the immune network. Curcumin, the active ingredient of turmeric, is one of these herbal remedies with many beneficial effects, including modulation of immunity. Curcumin is beneficial in managing various chronic inflammatory conditions, improving brain function, lowering cardiovascular disease risk, prevention and management of dementia, and prevention of aging. Several clinical studies have supported this evidence, suggesting curcumin to have an immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory function; nevertheless, its mechanism of action is still not clear. In the current review, we aim to explore the modulatory function of curcumin through interferons in cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Chamani
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Maryam Moossavi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ali Naghizadeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yan N, Feng X, Jiang S, Sun W, Sun MZ, Liu S. GRIM-19 deficiency promotes clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression and is associated with high TNM stage and Fuhrman grade. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:4115-4121. [PMID: 32382350 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) exhibits the highest mortality among all urological malignancies. The investigation of the potential disease progression markers can improve ccRCC diagnosis and treatment. Gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19) is involved in carcinogenesis and cancer progression in a variety of cancer types including RCC. While, its role in ccRCC remains unclear, this cancer type is considered the most aggressive RCC subtype. In the present study, RT-qPCR, western blotting and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays demonstrated that GRIM-19 protein and mRNA levels were downregulated in ccRCC tumor tissues compared with the corresponding levels noted in paracancerous non-tumor tissues. The deficiency of this protein contributed in relaxed and/or collapsed structures of the kidney tubules and collecting duct noted in tumor tissues. Moreover, the reduction in GRIM-19 expression was associated with high tumor, lymph nodes and metastasis (TNM) stage and Fuhrman grade of ccRCC tumors. The data suggested that GRIM-19 acted as a tumor suppressor and that its deficiency promoted ccRCC development and progression. GRIM-19 can be considered a potential tumor marker for ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naimeng Yan
- College of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Xue Feng
- College of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Sixiong Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
| | - Weibin Sun
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Zhong Sun
- College of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- College of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim JC, Hwang SN, Kim SY. Alteration of Gene Associated with Retinoid-interferon-induced Mortality-19-expressing Cell Types in the Mouse Hippocampus Following Pilocarpine-induced Status Epilepticus. Neuroscience 2020; 425:49-58. [PMID: 31790668 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19) plays several significant roles in cellular processes, including ATP synthesis, reactive oxygen species formation, and the regulation of glycolytic enzyme activity, which are closely related to the pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy. Therefore, we investigated the expression pattern of GRIM-19 in the CA1 area of the hippocampus in 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE). Neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 area was prominently observed at 4 and 7 days after SE, and astrocytes and microglia became progressively activated beginning at 1 day after SE. GRIM-19 immunoreactivity was decreased in the damaged pyramidal cell layer but markedly increased in the stratum radiatum and stratum lacunosum-moleculare of the hippocampus at 4 and 7 days after SE. In addition, the cell types of GRIM-19-expressing cells in the epileptic hippocampus were identified. GRIM-19 was mainly co-localized in neurons but only slightly expressed in glia in the normal hippocampus. Most of the GRIM-19-positive cells induced by SE in the stratum radiatum and stratum lacunosum-moleculare were glial fibrillary acidic protein-expressing reactive astrocytes. Moreover, we observed that both GRIM-19 and pyruvate kinase isozyme M2, a glycolytic enzyme, were highly expressed in reactive astrocytes after SE. These results indicate that expression of GRIM-19 in the hippocampus is mainly observed in neurons under normal conditions but is altered in the SE mouse model as evidenced by its increased expression in reactive astrocytes. The possible role of GRIM-19 in the glycolytic activity of reactive astrocytes is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Cheon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Nyoung Hwang
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
ΔNp63α exerts antitumor functions in cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2019; 39:905-921. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
5
|
Song W, Wang J, Liu H, Zhu C, Xu F, Qian L, Shen Z, Zhu J, Yin S, Qin J, Chen L, Wu D, Nashan B, Shan G, Xiao W, Zhou Y. Effects of LncRNA Lnc-LIF-AS on cell proliferation, migration and invasion in a human cervical cancer cell line. Cytokine 2019; 120:165-175. [PMID: 31085454 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the effect of LncRNA Lnc-LIF-AS on cell proliferation, migration and invasion in the human cervical cancer (HCC) cell line SiHa. SiHa cells had the lowest expression of Lnc-LIF-AS in the 4 human cervical cancer cell lines (SiHa, ME-180, C-33A and HeLa) and were transfected and divided into the SiHa/con (transfected with pMIGRI) cell group, SiHa/Lnc-LIF-AS (transfected with pMIGRI-Lnc-LIF-AS) cell group, and SiHa/Lnc-LIF-AS-DN (transfected with pMIGRI-Lnc-LIF-AS-DN, in which the sequences overlapping with LIF mRNA was deleted) cell group. Overexpression of Lnc-LIF-AS could promote the proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration in SiHa and ME-180 cells. And the low expression of Lnc-LIF-AS suppress the proliferation, colony formation invasion and migration in HeLa cells when the Lnc-LIF-AS expression has been suppressed. In the SiHa/Lnc-LIF-AS cells group, the cell cycle was mainly halted in the S phase and overexpression of Lnc-LIF-AS had no effect on the apoptosis of SiHa cells. Overexpression of Lnc-LIF-AS could promote the secretion of LIF in SiHa cells, and the supernatant from SiHa/Lnc-LIF-AS cells could promote cell proliferation in the SiHa/con cells. The STAT3 inhibitor could inhibit cell proliferation in the SiHa/Lnc-LIF-AS cells. The expression level of Lnc-LIF-AS in cervical cancer tissues was higher than that in normal tissues and the expression level of Lnc-LIF-AS was positively correlated with the level of LIF. In the SiHa/con and SiHa/Lnc-LIF-AS-DN cell groups, there were no significant differences in cell proliferation, cell migration and cell invasion. The overexpression of Lnc-LIF-AS can promote cell proliferation, migration and invasion in cervical cancer cells, and the core function domain of this lncRNA was located in the overlapping a 3'-UTR base sequence of LIF mRNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Hanyuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Lili Qian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science & Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui Province 230001, China
| | - Zhen Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science & Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui Province 230001, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science & Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui Province 230001, China
| | - Shuai Yin
- Organ Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science & Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Jiwei Qin
- Organ Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science & Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Dabao Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science & Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui Province 230001, China
| | - Björn Nashan
- Organ Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science & Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Ge Shan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| | - Weihua Xiao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cui L, Meng Q, Wen J, Yan Z, Gao Z, Tian Y, Xu P, Lian P, Yu H. The effect of a gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality 19 (GRIM-19) on STAT3-induced gene expression in renal carcinoma. J Biochem 2018; 164:285-294. [PMID: 29961871 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvy052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the exact regulatory mechanisms of retinoid-interferon-induced mortality 19 (GRIM-19) in renal carcinoma. Tumour tissue samples from patients with renal carcinoma (n = 30, there were seven cases of Stage I, eight cases of Stage II, eight cases of Stage III, seven cases of Stage IV) and control subjects were selected from adjacent normal tissue (n = 10). Real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to assess the level of GRIM-19, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) and its downstream molecules. CD31 was detected by immunohistochemistry. The MTT assay was used to measure cell proliferation. The amount of apoptosis cells was analysed by Flow cytometry. The results showed that expression of GRIM-19 was decreased in renal carcinoma. However, in tumour tissue, STAT3 and its downstream signalling molecules showed the higher expression compared with control. Overexpression of GRIM-19, inhibited tumour growth apoptosis by mediating activators of STAT3 signal. In addition, interferon-β and all-trans-retinoic acid inhibited the renal carcinoma cell growth and induced apoptosis, and effect of drug combinations was particularly evident. In conclusion, GRIM-19 expression is associated with hyperactivation of STAT3-induced gene expression in renal carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingang Cui
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Qingjun Meng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jianguo Wen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zechen Yan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yudong Tian
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Pengchao Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Pengchao Lian
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Haizhou Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The Oncojanus Paradigm of Respiratory Complex I. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9050243. [PMID: 29735924 PMCID: PMC5977183 DOI: 10.3390/genes9050243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiratory function is now recognized as a pivotal player in all the aspects of cancer biology, from tumorigenesis to aggressiveness and chemotherapy resistance. Among the enzymes that compose the respiratory chain, by contributing to energy production, redox equilibrium and oxidative stress, complex I assumes a central role. Complex I defects may arise from mutations in mitochondrial or nuclear DNA, in both structural genes or assembly factors, from alteration of the expression levels of its subunits, or from drug exposure. Since cancer cells have a high-energy demand and require macromolecules for proliferation, it is not surprising that severe complex I defects, caused either by mutations or treatment with specific inhibitors, prevent tumor progression, while contributing to resistance to certain chemotherapeutic agents. On the other hand, enhanced oxidative stress due to mild complex I dysfunction drives an opposite phenotype, as it stimulates cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness. We here review the current knowledge on the contribution of respiratory complex I to cancer biology, highlighting the double-edged role of this metabolic enzyme in tumor progression, metastasis formation, and response to chemotherapy.
Collapse
|
8
|
miR-6743-5p, as a direct upstream regulator of GRIM-19, enhances proliferation and suppresses apoptosis in glioma cells. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20171038. [PMID: 29074558 PMCID: PMC5725612 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19) has been recognized as a tumor suppressor protein, which regulates cell growth, apoptosis, and migration by signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway and non-STAT3 pathway in glioma cells. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms that regulated GRIM-19 expression in glioma cells. By the TargetScan algorithm, four miRNAs, hsa-miR-17-3p, hsa-miR-423-5p, hsa-miR-3184-5p, and hsa-miR-6743-5p, were identified with the potential to bind with 3′-UTR of GRIM-19. Further miRNA inhibitor transfection and luciferase assays revealed that miR-6743-5p was able to directly target the 3′-UTR of GRIM-19. Additionally, miR-6743-5p expression was inversely related with GRIM-19 expression in glioma specimens and cell lines. Moreover, the inhibition of miR-6743-5p caused a significant inhibition of cell proliferation and a marked promotion of cell apoptosis in glioma cells, and this phenotype was rescued by GRIM-19 knockdown. Finally, the inhibition of miR-6743-5p expression suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3, and the mRNA expression of CyclinD1 and Bcl-2, two target genes of STAT3, while miR-6743-5p mimic had the inversed effects. Treatment with STAT3 inhibitor AG490 partially rescued the proliferation-promoting and anti-apoptosis effects of miR-6743-5p overexpression or GRIM-19 knockdown. Collectively, miR-6743-5p may act as an oncomiRNA in glioma by targetting GRIM-19 and STAT3.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ilelis F, do Amaral NS, Alves MR, da Costa AABA, Calsavara VF, Lordello L, De Brot L, Soares FA, Rodrigues IS, Rocha RM. Prognostic value of GRIM-19, NF-κB and IKK2 in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 214:187-194. [PMID: 29254797 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS High grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is an aggressive tumour, and most patients relapse after treatment, acquiring resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. One of the resistance mechanisms proposed is apoptosis evasion triggered by drug-related cytotoxic effect in the cell. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the protein expression of GRIM-19, NF-κB and IKK2, their association with chemotherapy response and to determine their prognostic values in HGSC. METHODS GRIM-19, NF-κB and IKK2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 71 patients with HGSC selected between 2003 and 2013, whose underwent primary debulking surgery with complete cytoreduction. Protein expression was analyzed in relation to platinum response groups, tumour progression, clinicopathological data and survival. RESULTS Positive IKK2 expression was related to resistance (p = 0.011), shorter disease-free survival (p = 0.001) and overall survival (p = 0.026) and was also a risk factor for relapse (p = 0.002) and death (p = 0.032). The association between IKK2 and NF-κB positivity predicted a subgroup with shorter overall survival (p = 0.004), disease-free survival (p = 0.003) and resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy (p = 0.036). NF-κB positivity was associated with worse overall survival (p = 0.005) and disease-free survival (p = 0.027) and was a positive predictor for relapse (p = 0.032) and death (p = 0.008). Higher expression of GRIM-19 was associated with higher disease-free survival (p = 0.039) and was a negative predictor for relapse (p = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS GRIM-19 is a potential predictor of prognosis and disease recurrence in HGSC. IKK2 and NF-κB are related to poor prognosis and are potential predictors of response to platinum-based chemotherapy in HGSC. IHC analyses of GRIM19, IKK2 and NF-κB may be important in the attempt to provide prognostic values for relapse and response to treatment in patients with HGSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Ilelis
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphology, Department of Investigative Pathology,A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Brazil.
| | - Nayra Soares do Amaral
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphology, Department of Investigative Pathology,A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rezende Alves
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphology, Department of Investigative Pathology,A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Louise De Brot
- Department of Anatomic Pathology,A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Brazil
| | | | - Iara Sant'Ana Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphology, Department of Investigative Pathology,A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Brazil
| | - Rafael Malagoli Rocha
- Laboratory of Molecular Gynaecology, Department of Gynaecology, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
GRIM-19 represses the proliferation and invasion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells associated with downregulation of STAT3 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1169-1176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
|
11
|
Ren M, Wang Y, Wu X, Ge S, Wang B. Curcumin synergistically increases effects of β-interferon and retinoic acid on breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by up-regulation of GRIM-19 through STAT3-dependent and STAT3-independent pathways. J Drug Target 2016; 25:247-254. [PMID: 27677346 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2016.1242132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Ren
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Central Sterile Supply Department, Anhui Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Suxia Ge
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Benzhong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nallar SC, Kalvakolanu DV. GRIM-19: A master regulator of cytokine induced tumor suppression, metastasis and energy metabolism. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2016; 33:1-18. [PMID: 27659873 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines induce cell proliferation or growth suppression depending on the context. It is increasingly becoming clear that success of standard radiotherapy and/or chemotherapeutics to eradicate solid tumors is dependent on IFN signaling. In this review we discuss the molecular mechanisms of tumor growth suppression by a gene product isolated in our laboratory using a genome-wide expression knock-down strategy. Gene associated with retinoid-IFN-induced mortality -19 (GRIM-19) functions as non-canonical tumor suppressor by antagonizing oncoproteins. As a component of mitochondrial respiratory chain, GRIM-19 influences the degree of "Warburg effect" in cancer cells as many advanced and/or aggressive tumors show severely down-regulated GRIM-19 levels. In addition, GRIM-19 appears to regulate innate and acquired immune responses in mouse models. Thus, GRIM-19 is positioned at nodes that favor cell protection and/or prevent aberrant cell growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shreeram C Nallar
- Department of Microbiology and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Dhan V Kalvakolanu
- Department of Microbiology and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhou Y, Xu F, Tao F, Feng D, Ling B, Qian L, Yang X, Wang Q, Wang H, Zhao W, Cheng Y, Shan G, Kalvakolanu DV, Xiao W. GRIM-19 Restores Cervical Cancer Cell Senescence by Repressing hTERT Transcription. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2016; 36:506-15. [PMID: 27142689 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2015.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
High telomerase activity promotes tumor growth by stabilizing damaged chromosomes and their mitotic replication. Overactivation of telomerase activity has been reported in cervical cancer, a malignancy caused by high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs). The HR-HPV E6 can activate hTERT promoter by interacting with E6AP or other binding proteins and by stabilizing the interaction between hTERT and E6AP. GRIM-19 is a novel tumor suppressor that affects multiple targets in a cell to regulate growth. We have previously reported the interaction of GRIM-19 with 18E6 and E6AP to disrupt the E6/E6AP complex and increase the autoubiquitination of E6AP. In this study, we characterized the interaction of GRIM-19 with 16E6 (an oncoprotein produced by HPV16) and identified the binding sites that mediate this interaction. We also found that GRIM-19 expression in cervical cancer cells could inhibit telomerase activity by inhibiting the transactivation of the hTERT promoter by E6, thereby promoting cervical cancer cell senescence. Moreover, we identified a negative correlation between GRIM-19 and hTERT expression in cervical cancer tissues. Suppression of GRIM-19 and induction of hTERT levels were associated with lymph node metastasis, advanced clinical stage, and poor prognosis. This study identified another important novel antitumor molecular link associated with GRIM-19 in the tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China
| | - Fei Xu
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China
| | - Feng Tao
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China
| | - Dingqing Feng
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China
| | - Bin Ling
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China
| | - Lili Qian
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China
| | - Xia Yang
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China
| | - Qingyuan Wang
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China
| | - Huiyan Wang
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China
| | - Weidong Zhao
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- 2 Department of Oncological Radiotherapy, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China
| | - Ge Shan
- 3 Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences, Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dhan V Kalvakolanu
- 4 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Weihua Xiao
- 3 Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences, Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
A natural food sweetener with anti-pancreatic cancer properties. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e217. [PMID: 27065453 PMCID: PMC4848839 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mogroside V is a triterpenoid isolated from the traditional Chinese medical plant Siraitia grosvenorii. Mogroside V has a high degree of sweetness and a low calorific content. Herein, we found that mogroside V possesses tumor growth inhibitory activity in in vitro and in vivo models of pancreatic cancer by promoting apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1 cells), which may in part be mediated through regulating the STAT3 signaling pathway. These results were confirmed in vivo in a mouse xenograft model of pancreatic cancer. In xenograft tumors, Ki-67 and PCNA, the most commonly used markers of tumor cell proliferation, were downregulated after intravenous administration of mogroside V. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assays showed that mogroside V treatment promoted apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells in the xenograft tumors. Furthermore, we found that mogroside V treatment significantly reduced the expression of CD31-labeled blood vessels and of the pro-angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor in the xenografts, indicating that mogroside V might limit the growth of pancreatic tumors by inhibiting angiogenesis and reducing vascular density. These results therefore demonstrate that the natural, sweet-tasting compound mogroside V can inhibit proliferation and survival of pancreatic cancer cells via targeting multiple biological targets.
Collapse
|
15
|
Expression of GRIM-19 in adenomyosis and its possible role in pathogenesis. Fertil Steril 2016; 105:1093-101. [PMID: 26769301 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the expression of the gene associated with retinoid-interferon (IFN)-induced mortality 19 (GRIM-19) in the endometrial tissue of patients with adenomyosis and to describe the possible pathogenic mechanisms of this phenomenon. DESIGN Experimental study using human samples and cell lines. SETTING University-affiliated hospital. PATIENT(S) Ectopic and eutopic endometrial tissues were obtained from 30 patients with adenomyosis, whereas normal endometrial specimens were obtained from 10 control patients without adenomyosis. INTERVENTION(S) Patients with rapid pathology report-confirmed adenomyosis were recruited, and eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissue samples were collected from patients who had undergone hysterectomies by either the transabdominal or laparoscopic method at Qilu Hospital. Normal endometrial tissue was collected from a group of control patients without adenomyosis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to evaluate the expression of GRIM-19, phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Y705) (Y705) (pSTAT3(Y705)), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in endometrial tissue samples. The protein levels of GRIM-19, pSTAT3(Y705), STAT3, and VEGF were detected by Western blot. Apoptosis in endometrial specimens was assayed by TUNEL. Immunohistochemistry with an antibody directed against CD34 was performed to detect new blood vessels in the endometrial tissue. GRIM-19 small interfering RNA and a recombinant plasmid carrying GRIM-19 were constructed to evaluate the effects of GRIM-19 on the downstream factors pSTAT3(Y705), STAT3, and VEGF in Ishikawa cells. RESULT(S) The expression of GRIM-19 was down-regulated in the eutopic endometria of patients with adenomyosis compared with the endometria of patients in the control group, and it was further reduced in the endometrial glandular epithelial cells of adenomyotic lesions. Apoptosis was reduced in the eutopic endometrium compared with the control group, and it was significantly reduced in ectopic endometrial tissues. In addition, the ectopic and eutopic endometria of patients with adenomyosis displayed a much higher microvessel density. In the eutopic and ectopic endometria of patients with adenomyosis, the expression levels of pSTAT3(Y705) and VEGF were significantly higher than in the controls. Furthermore, down-regulation of GRIM-19 in Ishikawa cells significantly promoted the activation of both pSTAT3(Y705) and its dependent gene VEGF. CONCLUSION(S) Aberrant expression of GRIM-19 may be associated with adenomyosis through the regulation of apoptosis and angiogenesis.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang P, Yang B, Yao YY, Zhong LX, Chen XY, Kong QY, Wu ML, Li C, Li H, Liu J. PIAS3, SHP2 and SOCS3 Expression patterns in Cervical Cancers: Relevance with activation and resveratrol-caused inactivation of STAT3 signaling. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 139:529-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.09.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
17
|
Hao M, Shu Z, Sun H, Sun R, Wang Y, Liu T, Ji D, Cong X. GRIM-19 expression is a potent prognostic marker in colorectal cancer. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:1815-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
18
|
STAT3:FOXM1 and MCT1 drive uterine cervix carcinoma fitness to a lactate-rich microenvironment. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:5385-95. [PMID: 26563366 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4385-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine cervix cancer is the second most common malignancy in women worldwide with human papillomavirus (HPV) as the etiologic factor. The two main histological variants, squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and adenocarcinomas (AC), resemble the cell morphology of exocervix and endocervix, respectively. Cancer metabolism is a cancer hallmark conditioned by the microenvironment. As uterine cervix homeostasis is dependent on lactate, we hypothesized lactate plays a role in uterine cervix cancer progression. Using in vitro (SiHa-SCC and HeLa-AC) and BALB-c/SCID models, we demonstrated that lactate metabolism is linked to histological types, with SCC predominantly consuming and AC producing lactate. MCT1 is a key factor, allowing lactate consumption and being regulated in vitro by lactate through the FOXM1:STAT3 pathway. In vivo models showed that SCC (SiHa) expresses MCT1 and is dependent on lactate to grow, whereas AC (HeLa) expresses MCT1 and MCT4, with higher growth capacities. Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarrays (TMA) from human cervical tumors showed that MCT1 expression associates with the SCC type and metastatic behavior of AC, whereas MCT4 expression concomitantly increases from in situ SCC to invasive SCC and is significantly associated with the AC type. Consistently, FOXM1 expression is statistically associated with MCT1 positivity in SCC, whereas the expression of FOXO3a, a FOXM1 functional antagonist, is linked to MCT1 negativity in AC. Our study reinforces the role of the microenvironment in the metabolic adaptation of cancer cells, showing that cells that retain metabolic features of their normal counterparts are positively selected by the organ's microenvironment and will survive. In particular, MCT1 was shown to be a key element in uterine cervix cancer development; however, further studies are needed to validate MCT1 as a suitable therapeutic target in uterine cervix cancer.
Collapse
|
19
|
ZHANG WEI, DU YE, JIANG TONG, GENG WEI, YUAN JIULI, ZHANG DUO. Upregulation of GRIM-19 inhibits the growth and invasion of human breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:2919-25. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
20
|
Kong D, Zhao L, Du Y, He P, Zou Y, Yang L, Sun L, Wang H, Xu D, Meng X, Sun X. Overexpression of GRIM-19, a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I protein, suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma growth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2014; 7:7497-7507. [PMID: 25550785 PMCID: PMC4270598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
GRIM-19 has been demonstrated as an important regulator for the normal tissue development. Recently, more evidences regarded GRIM-19 as the new tumor suppressor. However, the possible mechanisms underlying GRIM-19 suppressing cancer growth are unclear. In the present study, Paired hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and adjacent non-tumor liver tissues were obtained from 54 patients who underwent primary surgical HCC tissue resection. GRIM-19 protein expression in HCC tissues was performed by immunohistochemistry. Cells were transfected by lentiviruses plasmid expressing GRIM-19. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were performed to confirm the expression of GRIM-19 mRNA or protein. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT and FCM analyses. Mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis were respectively determined by using fluorescence microscopy and FCM analyses. AKT1, pAKT1, cyclinD1, CDK4, PCNA, Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, and cytochrome C were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence. GRIM-19 protein expression was markedly lower in HCC than in paired adjacent non-tumor liver tissues. GRIM-19 overexpression in HCC cells significantly induced cell cycle arrest and enhanced apoptosis. We also found that AKT1 expression and phosphorylation were regulated by the expression of GRIM-19. Collectively, our study demonstrated that GRIM-19 overexpression suppressed HCC growth and downregulated AKT1 expression, suggesting that GRIM-19 might play a crucial role in hepatocarcinogenesis through negatively regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dexia Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Lijing Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Yanwei Du
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Yabin Zou
- Department of Pathology, First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Luoluo Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Liankun Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Hebin Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Deqi Xu
- New Vaccine National Engineering Research Center, Beijing Three-Room South HospitalBeijing 100024, China
| | - Xiangwei Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Pathology, First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li M, Li Z, Liang C, Han C, Huang W, Sun F. Upregulation of GRIM-19 suppresses the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:2183-90. [PMID: 25174621 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and its upregulation contribute to the progression and metastasis of several different tumor types. The gene associated with retinoid‑interferon‑induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19) is known to functionally interact with STAT3 and inhibit its transcriptional activity. It has been reported that upregulation of genes associated with GRIM-19 can significantly reduce the tumor growth of several types of tumors. However, little is known in regards to its role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In the present study, a recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid carrying GRIM-19 was constructed to evaluate its effects on OSCC cancer growth. Upregulation of GRIM-19 in OSCC cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, we found that upregulation of GRIM-19 reduced cyclin D1, Bcl-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression whose protein is involved in STAT3 activation. Taken together, these findings suggest that GRIM-19 plays an inhibitory role in the progression of OSCC, and contribute to the future development of STAT3-based gene therapeutic approaches for OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghe Li
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Chongyang Liang
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
| | - Chengmin Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Monoallelic loss of tumor suppressor GRIM-19 promotes tumorigenesis in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:E4213-22. [PMID: 24145455 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1303760110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene-associated with retinoid-interferon induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19), a STAT3-inhibitory protein, was isolated as a growth-suppressive gene product using a genome-wide expression knockdown screen. We and others have shown a loss of expression and occurrence of mutations in the GRIM-19 gene in a variety of primary human cancers, indicating its potential role as tumor suppressor. To help investigate its role in tumor development in vivo, we generated a genetically modified mouse in which Grim-19 can be conditionally inactivated. Deletion of Grim-19 in the skin significantly increased the susceptibility of mice to chemical carcinogenesis, resulting in development of squamous cell carcinomas. These tumors had high Stat3 activity and an increased expression of Stat3-responsive genes. Loss of Grim-19 also caused mitochondrial electron transport dysfunction resulting from failure to assemble electron transport chain complexes and altered the expression of several cellular genes involved in glycolysis. Surprisingly, the deletion of a single copy of the Grim-19 gene was sufficient to promote carcinogenesis and formation of invasive squamous cell carcinomas. These observations highlight the critical role of GRIM-19 as a tumor suppressor.
Collapse
|
23
|
Shukla S, Mahata S, Shishodia G, Pandey A, Tyagi A, Vishnoi K, Basir SF, Das BC, Bharti AC. Functional regulatory role of STAT3 in HPV16-mediated cervical carcinogenesis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67849. [PMID: 23874455 PMCID: PMC3715508 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is an oncogenic transcription factor constitutively active and aberrantly expressed in cervical cancer. However, the functional role of STAT3 in regulation of HPV's viral oncogene expression and downstream events associated with cervical carcinogenesis is not known. Our present study performed on HPV16-positive cervical cancer cell lines (SiHa and CaSki) and primary tumor tissues revealed a strong positive correlation of constitutively active STAT3 with expression of HPV16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins and a negative association with levels of p53 and pRB. Pharmacologic targeting of STAT3 expression in cervical cancer cell lines either by STAT3-specific siRNA or blocking its tyrosine phosphorylation by AG490 or curcumin led to dose-dependent accumulation of p53 and pRb in cervical cancer cells. Interestingly, the suppression of STAT3 expression or activation was associated with the gradual loss of HPV16 E6 and E7 expression and was accompanied by loss of cell viability. The viability loss was specifically high in HPV16-positive cells as compared to HPV negative C33a cells. These findings substantiate the regulatory role of STAT3 in HPV16-mediated cervical carcinogenesis. Leads obtained from the present study provide a strong rationale for developing novel STAT3-based approaches for therapeutic interventions against HPV infection to control cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirish Shukla
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, NOIDA, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sutapa Mahata
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, NOIDA, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gauri Shishodia
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, NOIDA, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arvind Pandey
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, NOIDA, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Tyagi
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, NOIDA, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kanchan Vishnoi
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, NOIDA, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Seemi F. Basir
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhudev C. Das
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Alok C. Bharti
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, NOIDA, Uttar Pradesh, India
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kalakonda S, Nallar SC, Lindner DJ, Sun P, Lorenz RR, Lamarre E, Reddy SP, Kalvakolanu DV. GRIM-19 mutations fail to inhibit v-Src-induced oncogenesis. Oncogene 2013; 33:3195-204. [PMID: 23851499 PMCID: PMC3916943 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src is a major player in multiple physiological responses including growth, survival and differentiation. Overexpression and/or oncogenic mutation in the Src gene have been documented in human tumors. The v-Src protein is an oncogenic mutant of Src, which promotes cell survival, migration, invasion and division. GRIM-19 is an anti-oncogene isolated using a genome-wide knockdown screen. GRIM-19 binds to transcription factor STAT3 and ablates its pro-oncogenic effects while v-Src activates STAT3 to promote its oncogenic effects. However, we found that GRIM-19 inhibits the pro-oncogenic effects of v-Src independently of STAT3. Here, we report the identification of functionally inactivating GRIM-19 mutations in a set of Head and Neck cancer patients. While wild-type GRIM-19 strongly ablated v-Src-induced cell migration, cytoskeletal remodeling and tumor metastasis, the tumor-derived mutants (L71P, L91P and A95T) did not. These mutants were also incapable of inhibiting the drug resistance of v-Src-transformed cells. v-Src down regulated the expression of Pag1, a lipid raft-associated inhibitor of Src, which was restored by wild-type GRIM-19. The tumor-derived mutant GRIM-19 proteins failed to upregulate Pag1. These studies show a novel mechanism that deregulates Src activity in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Kalakonda
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Program in Oncology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S C Nallar
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Program in Oncology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - P Sun
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Program in Oncology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R R Lorenz
- Head & Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - E Lamarre
- Head & Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - S P Reddy
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D V Kalvakolanu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Program in Oncology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Down-regulation of GRIM-19 is associated with STAT3 overexpression in breast carcinomas. Hum Pathol 2013; 44:1773-9. [PMID: 23618357 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2012.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the association of gene associated with retinoic-interferon-induced mortality 19 (GRIM-19) with clinicopathologic features as well as its target gene signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in patients with breast cancer, GRIM-19 and STAT3 expression was measured immunohistochemically in 108 breast samples and by Western blotting in 20 breast cancer tissues and corresponding nontumorous tissues. Expression of GRIM-19 was severely depressed in the carcinomas relative to matched nontumorous tissues (P < .001), and STAT3 was overexpressed in breast cancer tissues (P < .001), conclusions supported by Western blot analysis. Nonexpression of GRIM-19 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P < .001), advanced tumor-node-metastasis stage (P = .02), and triple-negative phenotype (P = .03). Furthermore, down-regulation of GRIM-19 correlated with STAT3 overexpression (r = 0.56; P < .001). Thus, GRIM-19 is suppressed in primary breast carcinomas, with a corresponding increase in STAT3 activity.
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu Q, Wang L, Wang Z, Yang Y, Tian J, Liu G, Guan D, Cao X, Zhang Y, Hao A. GRIM-19 opposes reprogramming of glioblastoma cell metabolism via HIF1α destabilization. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:1728-36. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
27
|
Ho Y, Tsao SW, Zeng M, Lui VWY. STAT3 as a therapeutic target for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) – associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2013; 330:141-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
28
|
Nallar SC, Kalakonda S, Lindner DJ, Lorenz RR, Lamarre E, Weihua X, Kalvakolanu DV. Tumor-derived mutations in the gene associated with retinoid interferon-induced mortality (GRIM-19) disrupt its anti-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activity and promote oncogenesis. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:7930-7941. [PMID: 23386605 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.440610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) protein is critical for multiple cytokine and growth factor-induced biological responses in vivo. Its transcriptional activity is controlled by a transient phosphorylation of a critical tyrosine. Constitutive activation of STAT3 imparts resistance to apoptosis, promotes cell proliferation, and induces de novo micro-angiogenesis, three of the six cardinal hallmarks of a typical cancer cell. Earlier we reported the isolation of GRIM-19 as a growth suppressor using a genome-wide expression knockdown strategy. GRIM-19 binds to STAT3 and suppresses its transcriptional activity. To understand the pathological relevance of GRIM-19, we screened a set of primary head and neck tumors and identified three somatic mutations in GRIM-19. Wild-type GRIM-19 suppressed cellular transformation by a constitutively active form of STAT3, whereas tumor-derived mutants L71P, L91P and A95T significantly lost their ability to associate with STAT3, block gene expression, and suppress cellular transformation and tumor growth in vivo. Additionally, these mutants lost their capacity to prevent metastasis. These mutations define a mechanism by which STAT3 activity is deregulated in certain human head and neck tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shreeram C Nallar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Program in Oncology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Sudhakar Kalakonda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Program in Oncology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Daniel J Lindner
- Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Robert R Lorenz
- Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Eric Lamarre
- Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Xiao Weihua
- University of Science Technology, 230027 Hefei, China
| | - Dhananjaya V Kalvakolanu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Program in Oncology, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
De Paepe B. Mitochondrial Markers for Cancer: Relevance to Diagnosis, Therapy, and Prognosis and General Understanding of Malignant Disease Mechanisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5402/2012/217162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells display changes that aid them to escape from cell death, sustain their proliferative powers, and shift their metabolism toward glycolytic energy production. Mitochondria are key organelles in many metabolic and biosynthetic pathways, and the adaptation of mitochondrial function has been recognized as crucial to the changes that occur in cancer cells. This paper zooms in on the pathologic evaluation of mitochondrial markers for diagnosing and staging of human cancer and determining the patients’ prognoses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boel De Paepe
- Laboratories for Neuropathology & Mitochondrial Disorders, Ghent University Hospital, Building K5 3rd Floor, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
LI MINGHE, LI ZHIHONG, LI JIA, JIN LIOU, JIN CHENGXUE, HAN CHENGMIN, JI XIN, SUN FEI. Enhanced antitumor effect of cisplatin in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by tumor suppressor GRIM-19. Mol Med Rep 2012; 12:8185-92. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
31
|
Downregulation of GRIM-19 is associated with hyperactivation of p-STAT3 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Med Oncol 2012; 29:3046-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-012-0234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
32
|
Hao H, Liu J, Liu G, Guan D, Yang Y, Zhang X, Cao X, Liu Q. Depletion of GRIM-19 accelerates hepatocellular carcinoma invasion via inducing EMT and loss of contact inhibition. J Cell Physiol 2011; 227:1212-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
33
|
Zhang Y, Hao H, Zhao S, Liu Q, Yuan Q, Ni S, Wang F, Liu S, Wang L, Hao A. Downregulation of GRIM-19 promotes growth and migration of human glioma cells. Cancer Sci 2011; 102:1991-9. [PMID: 21827581 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.02059.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
It has become increasingly clear that there are notable parallels between normal development and tumorigenesis. Glioma is a classic model that links between tumorigenesis and development. We evaluated the expression of GRIM-19, a novel gene essential for normal development, in various grades of gliomas and several human glioma cell lines. We showed that GRIM-19 mRNA and protein expression were markedly lower in gliomas than in control brain tissues and negatively correlated with the malignancy of gliomas. Downregulation of GRIM-19 in glioma cells significantly enhanced cell proliferation and migration, whereas overexpression of GRIM-19 showed the opposite effects. We also showed that the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the expression of many STAT3-dependent genes were regulated by the expression of GRIM-19. In addition, GRIM-19 exerted its role probably through the non-STAT3 signaling pathway. Collectively, our data suggest that most gliomas expressed GRIM-19 at low levels, which may play a major role in tumorigenesis in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Moreira S, Correia M, Soares P, Máximo V. GRIM-19 function in cancer development. Mitochondrion 2011; 11:693-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
35
|
Zhao YD, Li FF, Ren WH, Qin CY. Clinical significance of GRIM-19 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2011; 19:2123-2127. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v19.i20.2123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the clinical significance of expression of gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
METHODS: The expression of GRIM-19 mRNA and protein in 40 cases of HCC tissues and matched non-cancerous tissues was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The correlation between GRIM-19 expression and clinicopathologic features of HCC was analyzed statistically.
RESULTS: The expression of GRIM-19 mRNA was significantly lower in HCC than in matched non-cancerous tissue (0.40 ± 0.31 vs 0.56 ± 0.67, P < 0.05). The positive rate of GRIM-19 protein expression in HCC was significantly lower than that in matched non-cancerous tissue (47.5% vs 80%, P < 0.05). The expression level of GRIM-19 protein was also significantly lower in HCC than in matched non-cancerous tissue (0.30 ± 0.29 vs 0.57 ± 0.10, P < 0.05). GRIM-19 expression differed significantly between patients with stages I + II disease and those with stages III+IV disease (0.57 ± 0.38 vs 0.30 ± 0.20, P < 0.05) as well as between patients with and without portal vein thrombosis (0.04 ± 0.02 vs 0.44 ± 0.32, P < 0.05). The expression of GRIM-19 was negatively correlated with serum AFP (r = -0.352, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Decreased GRIM-19 expression is probably a significant event in the carcinogenesis of HCC and may be associated with tumor development, progression and invasion.
Collapse
|
36
|
GRIM-19 disrupts E6/E6AP complex to rescue p53 and induce apoptosis in cervical cancers. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22065. [PMID: 21765936 PMCID: PMC3134474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies showed a down-regulation of GRIM-19 in primary human cervical cancers, and restoration of GRIM-19 induced tumor regression. The induction of tumor suppressor protein p53 ubiquitination and degradation by E6 oncoportein of high risk-HPV through forming a stable complex with E6AP is considered as a critical mechanism for cervical tumor development. The aims of this study were to determine the potential role of GRIM-19 in rescuing p53 protein and inducing cervical cancer cell apoptosis. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The protein levels of GRIM-19 and p53 were detected in normal cervical tissues from 45 patients who underwent hysterectomy for reasons other than neoplasias of either the cervix or endometrium, and cervical cancer tissues from 60 patients with non-metastatic squamous epithelial carcinomas. Coimmunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assay were performed to examine the interaction of GRIM-19 with 18E6 and E6AP in vivo and in vitro respectively. The competition of 18E6 with E6AP in binding GRIM-19 by performing competition pull-down assays was designed to examine the disruption of E6/E6AP complex by GRIM-19. The augment of E6AP ubiquitination by GRIM-19 was detected in vivo and in vitro ubiquitination assay. The effects of GRIM-19-dependent p53 accumulation on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis were explored by MTT, flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy respectively. The tumor suppression was detected by xenograft mouse model. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE The levels of GRIM-19 and p53 were concurrently down regulated in cervical cancers. The restoration of GRIM-19 can induce ubiquitination and degradation of E6AP, and disrupt the E6/E6AP complex through the interaction of N-terminus of GRIM-19 with both E6 and E6AP, which protected p53 from degradation and promoted cell apoptosis. Tumor xenograft studies also revealed the suppression of p53 degradation in presence of GRIM-19. These data suggest that GRIM-19 can block E6/E6AP complex; and synergistically suppress cervical tumor growth with p53.
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang T, Yan XB, Zhao JJ, Ye J, Jiang ZF, Wu DR, Xiao WH, Liu RY. Gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19 suppresses growth of lung adenocarcinoma tumor in vitro and in vivo. Lung Cancer 2010; 72:287-93. [PMID: 21040996 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2010.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is currently the leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a major oncogenic transcription factor involved in the development and progression of a number of human tumors including lung denocarcinoma. Gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19) is known to functionally interact with STAT3 and inhibit its transcriptional activity. Decreased expression of GRIM-19 has been reported in tumors including those from kidney, prostate, colon and cervix, indicating that loss of GRIM-19 may be involved in the tumorigenesis through activation of the STAT3 pathway. In this study, we determined that GRIM-19 was significantly reduced at the mRNA and protein levels in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Moreover, STAT3 was increased in these tumors and corresponding changes in the expression of its downstream target genes was observed. Overexpression of GRIM-19 was also found to suppress lung adenocancinoma tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these findings will likely contribute to the future development of GRIM-19-based gene therapy approaches to treat lung adenocancinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary, Anhui Geriatric Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sun P, Nallar SC, Raha A, Kalakonda S, Velalar CN, Reddy SP, Kalvakolanu DV. GRIM-19 and p16(INK4a) synergistically regulate cell cycle progression and E2F1-responsive gene expression. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:27545-52. [PMID: 20522552 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.105767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
GRIM-19 (Gene associated with Retinoid-IFN-induced Mortality-19) was originally isolated as a growth suppressor in a genome-wide knockdown screen with antisense libraries. Like classical tumor suppressors, mutations, and/or loss of GRIM-19 expression occur in primary human tumors; and it is inactivated by viral gene products. Our search for potential GRIM-19-binding proteins, using mass spectrometry, that permit its antitumor actions led to the inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4, CDKN2A. The GRIM-19/CDKN2A synergistically suppressed cell cycle progression via inhibiting E2F1-driven gene expression. The N terminus of GRIM-19 and the fourth ankyrin repeat of CDKN2A are crucial for their interaction. The biological relevance of these interactions is underscored by observations that GRIM-19 promotes the inhibitory effect of CDKN2A on CDK4; and mutations from primary tumors disrupt its ability to interact with GRIM-19 and suppress E2F1-driven gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kalvakolanu DV, Nallar SC, Kalakonda S. Cytokine-induced tumor suppressors: a GRIM story. Cytokine 2010; 52:128-42. [PMID: 20382543 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2010.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines belonging to the IFN family are potent growth suppressors. In a number of clinical and preclinical studies, vitamin A and its derivatives like retinoic acid (RA) have been shown to exert synergistic growth-suppressive effects on several tumor cells. We have employed a genome-wide expression-knockout approach to identify the genes critical for IFN/RA-induced growth suppression. A number of novel genes associated with Retinoid-Interferon-induced Mortality (GRIM) were isolated. In this review, we will describe the molecular mechanisms of actions of one, GRIM-19, which participates in multiple pathways for exerting growth control and/or cell death. This protein is emerging as a new tumor suppressor. In addition, GRIM-19 appears to participate in innate immune responses as its activity is modulated by several viruses and bacteria. Thus, GRIMs seem to couple with multiple biological responses by acting at critical nodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhan V Kalvakolanu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|