A Virus-Like Particle-Based Solid-Phase Competition Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Antibody Detection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O

Monoclonal antibody based solid phase competition ELISA to detect FMDV serotype A specific antibodies

In Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) enzootic countries, periodic vaccination is the key tool in controlling the disease incidence. Active seromonitoring of the vaccinated population is critical to assess the impact of vaccination. Virus neutralization test (VNT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are commonly used for antibody detection. Assays like liquid phase blocking ELISA (LPBE) or solid phase competition ELISA (SPCE) are preferred as they do not require handling of live FMDV and are routinely used for seromonitoring or for vaccine potency testing; however, false positives are high in LPBE. Here we report, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) based SPCE as a potential alternate assay for antibody titration. From a panel of 12 mAbs against FMDV serotype A, two mAbs were chosen for the development of SPCE. Based on a set of 453 sera, it was demonstrated that mAb 2C4G11, mAb 6E8D11and polyclonal antibody (pAb) based SPCE had a relative sensitivity of 86.1, 86.1 and 80.3 %; and specificity of 99.6, 99.1 and 99.1 %, respectively. The correlation, repeatability, and level of agreement of the assays were high demonstrating the potential use of mAb in large scale surveillance studies and regular vaccine potency testing.