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Liu P, Yu S, Zheng W, Zhang Q, Qiao J, Li Z, Deng Z, Zhang H. Identification and functional verification of Y-chromosome-specific gene typo-gyf in Bactrocera dorsalis. INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:1270-1284. [PMID: 38189161 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Genes on the Y chromosome play important roles in male sex determination and development. The identification of Y-chromosome-specific genes not only provides a theoretical basis for the study of male reproductive development, but also offers genetic control targets for agricultural pests. However, Y-chromosome genes are rarely characterized due to their high repeatability and high heterochromatinization, especially in the oriental fruit fly. In this study, 1 011 Y-chromosome-specific candidate sequences were screened from 2 to 4 h Bactrocera dorsalis embryo datasets with the chromosome quotient method, 6 of which were identified as Y-chromosome-specific sequences by polymerase chain reaction, including typo-gyf, a 19 126-bp DNA sequence containing a 575-amino acid open reading frame. Testicular deformation and a significant reduction in sperm number were observed after typo-gyf knockdown with RNA interference in embryos. After typo-gyf knockout with clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR-associated protein 9 in the embryonic stage, the sex ratio of the emergent adults was unbalanced, with far more females than males. A genotype analysis of these females with the Y-chromosome gene MoY revealed no sex reversal. Typo-gyf knockout led to the death of XY individuals in the embryonic stage. We conclude that typo-gyf is an essential gene for male survival, and is also involved in testicular development and spermatogenesis. The identification of typo-gyf and its functional verification provide insight into the roles of Y-chromosome genes in male development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuning Yu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenping Zheng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuyuan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiao Qiao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziniu Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhurong Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban Pests, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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2
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Boone M, Zappa F. Signaling plasticity in the integrated stress response. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1271141. [PMID: 38143923 PMCID: PMC10740175 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1271141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Integrated Stress Response (ISR) is an essential homeostatic signaling network that controls the cell's biosynthetic capacity. Four ISR sensor kinases detect multiple stressors and relay this information to downstream effectors by phosphorylating a common node: the alpha subunit of the eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2. As a result, general protein synthesis is repressed while select transcripts are preferentially translated, thus remodeling the proteome and transcriptome. Mounting evidence supports a view of the ISR as a dynamic signaling network with multiple modulators and feedback regulatory features that vary across cell and tissue types. Here, we discuss updated views on ISR sensor kinase mechanisms, how the subcellular localization of ISR components impacts signaling, and highlight ISR signaling differences across cells and tissues. Finally, we consider crosstalk between the ISR and other signaling pathways as a determinant of cell health.
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3
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Batdorj E, AlOgayil N, Zhuang QKW, Galvez JH, Bauermeister K, Nagata K, Kimura T, Ward MA, Taketo T, Bourque G, Naumova AK. Genetic variation in the Y chromosome and sex-biased DNA methylation in somatic cells in the mouse. Mamm Genome 2023; 34:44-55. [PMID: 36454369 PMCID: PMC9947081 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-022-09970-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence suggest that the presence of the Y chromosome influences DNA methylation of autosomal loci. To better understand the impact of the Y chromosome on autosomal DNA methylation patterns and its contribution to sex bias in methylation, we identified Y chromosome dependent differentially methylated regions (yDMRs) using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing methylation data from livers of mice with different combinations of sex-chromosome complement and gonadal sex. Nearly 90% of the autosomal yDMRs mapped to transposable elements (TEs) and most of them had lower methylation in XY compared to XX or XO mice. Follow-up analyses of four reporter autosomal yDMRs showed that Y-dependent methylation levels were consistent across most somatic tissues but varied in strains with different origins of the Y chromosome, suggesting that genetic variation in the Y chromosome influenced methylation levels of autosomal regions. Mice lacking the q-arm of the Y chromosome (B6.NPYq-2) as well as mice with a loss-of-function mutation in Kdm5d showed no differences in methylation levels compared to wild type mice. In conclusion, the Y-linked modifier of TE methylation is likely to reside on the short arm of Y chromosome and further studies are required to identify this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhjin Batdorj
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1C7, Canada
| | - Najla AlOgayil
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1C7, Canada
| | - Qinwei Kim-Wee Zhuang
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1C7, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Jose Hector Galvez
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Klara Bauermeister
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1C7, Canada
| | - Kei Nagata
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, Kitasato University School of Science, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Tohru Kimura
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, Kitasato University School of Science, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Monika A Ward
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 1960 East-West Road, HonoluluHonolulu, HIHI, 96822, USA
| | - Teruko Taketo
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1C7, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Anna K Naumova
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 1C7, Canada.
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
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4
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Holmlund H, Yamauchi Y, Durango G, Fujii W, Ward MA. Two acquired mouse Y chromosome-linked genes, Prssly and Teyorf1, are dispensable for male fertility‡. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:752-764. [PMID: 35485405 PMCID: PMC9476217 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prssly (Protease, serine-like, Chr Y) and Teyorf1 (Testis expressed, chromosome Y open reading frame 1) are two acquired single-copy genes located on the distal tip of the non-pairing short arm of the mouse Y chromosome adjacent to telomeric sequence. Both genes lack X chromosome-linked homologues and are expressed in testicular germ cells. We first performed analysis of Prssly and Teyorf1 genomic sequences and demonstrated that previously reported Prssly sequence is erroneous and the true Prssly sequence is longer and encodes a larger protein than previously estimated. We also confirmed that both genes encode pseudogenes that are not expressed in testes. Next, using CRISPR/Cas9 genome targeting, we generated Prssly and Teyorf1 knockout (KO) mice and characterized their phenotype. To create Prssly KO mice, we targeted the conserved exon 5 encoding a trypsin domain typical for serine proteases. The targeting was successful and resulted in a frame shift mutation that introduced a premature stop codon, with the Prssly KO males retaining only residual transcript expression in testes. The Teyorf1 targeting removed the entire open reading frame of the gene, which resulted in no transcript expression in KO males. Both Prssly KO and Teyorf1 KO males were fertile and had normal testis size and normal sperm number, motility, and morphology. Our findings show that Prssly and Teyorf1 transcripts with potential to encode proteins are dispensable for male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden Holmlund
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Yamauchi
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Gerald Durango
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Monika A Ward
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
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5
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Tsuji-Hosokawa A, Ogawa Y, Tsuchiya I, Terao M, Takada S. Human SRY Expression at the Sex-determining Period is Insufficient to Drive Testis Development in Mice. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6400356. [PMID: 34662386 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The sex-determining region of the Y chromosome, Sry/SRY, is an initiation factor for testis development in both humans and mice. Although the functional compatibility between murine SRY and human SRY was previously examined in transgenic mice, their equivalency remains inconclusive. Because molecular interaction and timeline of mammalian sex determination were mostly described in murine experiments, we generated a mouse model in which Sry was substituted with human SRY to verify the compatibility. The mouse model had the human SRY open reading frame at the locus of murine Sry exon 1-Sry(SRY) mice-and was generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The reproductive system of the mice was analyzed. The expression of human SRY in the fetal gonadal ridge of Sry(SRY) mice was detected. The external and internal genitalia of adult Sry(SRY) mice were similar to those of wild-type females, without any significant difference in anogenital distance. Sry(SRY) mice obtained gonads, which were morphologically considered as ovaries. Histological analysis revealed that the cortical regions of gonads from adult Sry(SRY) mice contained few follicles. We successfully replaced genes on the Y chromosome with targeted genome editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Because the Sry(SRY) XY mice did not develop testis, we concluded that human SRY was insufficient to drive testis development in mouse embryos. The difference in response elements and lack of glutamine-rich domains may have invalidated human SRY function in mice. Signal transduction between Sry/SRY expression and Sox9/SOX9 activation is possibly organized in a species-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsumi Tsuji-Hosokawa
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuya Ogawa
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
- Department of NCCHD, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Iku Tsuchiya
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
- Department of NCCHD, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Miho Terao
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Shuji Takada
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
- Department of NCCHD, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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6
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Liu W, Li N, Zhang M, Arisha AH, Hua J. The role of Eif2s3y in mouse spermatogenesis. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 17:750-755. [PMID: 34727865 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x16666211102091513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 3 and structural gene Y-linked (Eif2s3y) gene, the gene encoding eIF2γ protein, is located on the mouse Y chromosome short arm. The Eif2s3y gene is globally expressed in all tissues and plays an important role in regulating global and gene-specific mRNA translation initiation. During the process of protein translation initiation, Eif2s3x(its homolog) and Eif2s3y encoded eIF2γ perform similar functions. However, it has been noticed that Eif2s3y plays a crucial role in spermatogenesis, including spermatogonia mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis of spermatids, which may account for infertility. In the period of spermatogenesis, the role of Eif2s3x and Eif2s3y are not equivalent. Importance of Eif2s3y has been observed in ESC and implicated in several aspects, including the pluripotency state and the proliferation rate. Here, we discuss the functional significance of Eif2s3y in mouse spermatogenesis and self-renewal of ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100 . China
| | - Na Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100 . China
| | - Mengfei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100 . China
| | - Ahmed H Arisha
- Department of physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig El_Sharkia 44519 . Egypt
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100 . China
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7
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Subrini J, Turner J. Y chromosome functions in mammalian spermatogenesis. eLife 2021; 10:67345. [PMID: 34606444 PMCID: PMC8489898 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian Y chromosome is critical for male sex determination and spermatogenesis. However, linking each Y gene to specific aspects of male reproduction has been challenging. As the Y chromosome is notoriously hard to sequence and target, functional studies have mostly relied on transgene-rescue approaches using mouse models with large multi-gene deletions. These experimental limitations have oriented the field toward the search for a minimum set of Y genes necessary for male reproduction. Here, considering Y-chromosome evolutionary history and decades of discoveries, we review the current state of research on its function in spermatogenesis and reassess the view that many Y genes are disposable for male reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremie Subrini
- Sex Chromosome Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Turner
- Sex Chromosome Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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8
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Zhang M, Zhou Y, Jiang Y, Lu Z, Xiao X, Ning J, Sun H, Zhang X, Luo H, Can D, Lu J, Xu H, Zhang YW. Profiling of Sexually Dimorphic Genes in Neural Cells to Identify Eif2s3y, Whose Overexpression Causes Autism-Like Behaviors in Male Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:669798. [PMID: 34307355 PMCID: PMC8292149 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.669798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Many neurological disorders exhibit sex differences and sex-specific therapeutic responses. Unfortunately, significant amounts of studies investigating molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these neurological disorders use primary cell cultures with undetermined sexes; and this may be a source for contradictory results among different studies and impair the validity of study conclusion. Herein, we comprehensively compared sexual dimorphism of gene expression in primary neurons, astrocytes, and microglia derived from neonatal mouse brains. We found that overall sexually dimorphic gene numbers were relatively low in these primary cells, with microglia possessing the most (264 genes), neurons possessing the medium (69 genes), and astrocytes possessing the least (30 genes). KEGG analysis indicated that sexually dimorphic genes in these three cell types were strongly enriched for the immune system and immune-related diseases. Furthermore, we identified that sexually dimorphic genes shared by these primary cells dominantly located on the Y chromosome, including Ddx3y, Eif2s3y, Kdm5d, and Uty. Finally, we demonstrated that overexpression of Eif2s3y increased synaptic transmission specifically in male neurons and caused autism-like behaviors specifically in male mice. Together, our results demonstrate that the sex of primary cells should be considered when these cells are used for studying the molecular mechanism underlying neurological disorders with sex-biased susceptibility, especially those related to immune dysfunction. Moreover, our findings indicate that dysregulation of sexually dimorphic genes on the Y chromosome may also result in autism and possibly other neurological disorders, providing new insights into the genetic driver of sex differences in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muxian Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yunqiang Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yiru Jiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Emergency Department, Xiang'an Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhancheng Lu
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaoxia Xiao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinhuan Ning
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dan Can
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinsheng Lu
- Emergency Department, Xiang'an Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yun-Wu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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9
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Wang M, Sun Z, Ding F, Wang H, Li L, Li X, Zheng X, Li N, Dai Y, Wu C. Efficient TALEN-mediated gene knockin at the bovine Y chromosome and generation of a sex-reversal bovine. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5415-5425. [PMID: 34047803 PMCID: PMC8257526 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03855-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Functional elucidation of bovine Y-chromosome genes requires available genome editing technologies. Meanwhile, it has yet to be proven whether the bovine Sry gene is the main or single factor involved in the development of the male phenotype in bovine. Here, we efficiently knocked out four Y-linked genes (Sry, ZFY, DDX3Y, and EIF2S3Y) in bovine fetal fibroblasts (BFFs) with transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) individually. Furthermore, we used TALEN-mediated gene knockin at the Sry gene and generated a sex-reversal bovine by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The resulting bovine had only one ovary and was sterile. We demonstrate, for the first time, that the Sry gene is an important sex-determining gene in bovine. Our method lays a solid foundation for detecting the biology of the bovine Y chromosome, as it may provide an alternative biological model system for the study of mammalian sex determination, and new methods for the practical application in agricultural, especially for sex predetermination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Beijing, 100193, China.,College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - ZhaoLin Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Beijing, 100193, China. .,College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Beijing Capital Agribusiness Future Biotechnology Co, 75 Bingjiaokou Hutong, Ltd, 100088, No, China.
| | - Fangrong Ding
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Haiping Wang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xianjin Zheng
- Cattle Breeding Research Institute of Beijing Shunxin Xinyuan Co, 3 Anping Street, LtdShunyi District, 101318, No, China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yunping Dai
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Changxin Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Beijing, 100193, China
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10
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Doroftei B, Ilie OD, Puiu M, Ciobica A, Ilea C. Mini-Review Regarding the Applicability of Genome Editing Techniques Developed for Studying Infertility. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020246. [PMID: 33562517 PMCID: PMC7915733 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a highly debated topic today. It has been long hypothesized that infertility has an idiopathic cause, but recent studies demonstrated the existence of a genetic substrate. Fortunately, the methods of editing the human genome proven to be revolutionary. Following research conducted, we identified a total of 21 relevant studies; 14 were performed on mice, 5 on zebrafish and 2 on rats. We concluded that over forty-four genes in total are dispensable for fertility in both sexes without affecting host homeostasis. However, there are genes whose loss-of-function induces moderate to severe phenotypic changes in both sexes. There were situations in which the authors reported infertility, exhibited by the experimental model, or other pathologies such as cryptorchidism, cataracts, or reduced motor activity. Overall, zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 are techniques that offer a wide range of possibilities for studying infertility, even to create mutant variants. It can be concluded that ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR/Cas9 are crucial tools in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Doroftei
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, no 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (B.D.); (C.I.)
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Cuza Voda”, Cuza Voda Street, no 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania
- Origyn Fertility Center, Palace Street, no 3C, 700032 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ovidiu-Dumitru Ilie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Carol I Avenue, no 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Puiu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeș”, Eftimie Murgu Square, no 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Carol I Avenue, no 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ciprian Ilea
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street, no 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (B.D.); (C.I.)
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Cuza Voda”, Cuza Voda Street, no 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania
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11
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Eif2s3y Promotes the Proliferation of Spermatogonial Stem Cells by Activating ERK Signaling. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6668658. [PMID: 33603791 PMCID: PMC7869416 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6668658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The future fertility of males with cancer may be irreversibly compromised by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Spermatogonial stem cell transplantation is believed to be a way to restore fertility in men. However, the survival efficiency of transplanted cells is still low. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 3 and structural gene Y-linked (Eif2s3y) located on the Y chromosome of male animals is a coding gene of eIF2γ which mainly functions in translation initiation. Recently, the emerging role of Eif2s3y in spermatogenesis has been emphasized in several studies. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In addition, how Eif2s3y functions in large animals remains largely unknown. In this study, we obtained the CDS sequence of the Eif2s3y gene from the testis of dairy goats and found that this gene was highly expressed in the testis and was evolutionarily conserved among different species. Interestingly, overexpression of Eif2s3y promoted the proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells of dairy goats by activating the ERK signaling pathway. In animal experiments, overexpressing Eif2s3y promoted transplanted goat spermatogonial stem cells and produced more colonies after microinjection into the seminiferous tubules of infertile mice. In conclusion, our study highlights an undiscovered role of Eif2s3y in dairy goat reproduction. This finding may provide an important basis for future works regarding male spermatogenic cell restoration and represent a major advance toward surrogate sires becoming a tool for disseminating and regenerating germplasm in all mammals.
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12
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Liu W, Li N, Zhang M, Liu Y, Sun J, Zhang S, Peng S, Hua J. Eif2s3y regulates the proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells via Wnt6/<beta>-catenin signaling pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118790. [PMID: 32621839 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 3 and structural gene Y-linked (Eif2s3y) gene, the gene encoding eIF2γ protein, is globally expressed in all tissues and plays important roles in regulating global and gene-specific mRNA translation initiation. It has been noticed that Eif2s3y plays crucial roles in spermatogenesis, however, the mechanism remains unclear. In the current study, transgenic Eif2s3y mice were generated to test our hypothesis that the Eif2s3y promotes the proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Transgenic Eif2s3y mouse had enhanced SSCs proliferation rate when compared to WT mouse. Interesting, the testes from transgenic Eif2s3y mouse had increased Active-β-catenin protein expression and higher expression pattern of Wnt ligand Wnt6 when compared to testes from WT mouse. This study revealed novel roles of Eif2s3y in the activation Wnt6/β-catenin signal pathway in SSCs. Taken together, we identified Eif2s3y-Wnt6-β-catenin as a critical pathway in the regulation of spermatogenesis, which provides a platform for investigating the molecular mechanisms of male reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengfei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiqiang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sha Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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13
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Yano Y, Chiba T, Asahara H. Analysis of the Mouse Y Chromosome by Single-Molecule Sequencing With Y Chromosome Enrichment. Front Genet 2020; 11:406. [PMID: 32457799 PMCID: PMC7221202 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Since human and mouse Y chromosomes contain repeated sequences, it is difficult to determine the precise sequences and analyze the function of individual Y chromosome genes. Therefore, the causes of many diseases and abnormalities related to Y chromosome genes, such as male infertility, remain unclear. In this study, to elucidate the mouse Y chromosome, we enriched the mouse Y chromosome using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) equipped with commonly used UV and blue 488 nm lasers and read the nucleotides using the Oxford Nanopore MinION long-read sequencer. This sequencing strategy allows us to cover the whole known region as well as the potential undetermined region of the Y chromosome. FACS-based chromosome enrichment and long-read sequencing are suitable for analysis of the Y chromosome sequences and may lead to further understanding of the physiological role of Y chromosome genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yano
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Chiba
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Asahara
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA, United States
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14
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Hara S, Terao M, Muramatsu A, Takada S. Efficient production and transmission of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutant alleles at the IG-DMR via generation of mosaic mice using a modified 2CC method. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20202. [PMID: 31882978 PMCID: PMC6934616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56676-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Generation of mutant imprinting control region (ICR) mice using genome editing is an important approach for elucidating ICR functions. IG-DMR is an ICR in the Dlk1-Dio3 imprinted domain that contains functional regions—in both parental alleles—that are essential for embryonic development. One drawback of this approach is that embryonic lethality can occur from aberrant expression of the imprinted genes if IG-DMR gets mutated in either the paternal or maternal allele. To overcome this problem, we generated mosaic mice that contained cells with modified IG-DMR alleles and wild-type cells using the 2CC method that allowed for microinjection of the CRISPR/Cas9 constructs into a blastomere of 2-cell embryos. This method improved the birth rate of the founder pups relative to that obtained using the standard protocol. We also successfully produced mosaic mice in which the tandem repeat array sequence in the IG-DMR had been replaced by homology directed repair. Additionally, paternal transmission of the replaced allele caused aberrant expression of the imprinted genes due to hypomethylation of the IG-DMR, indicating that the replaced allele recapitulated our deletion model. Our results indicate that this method is useful for the generation of mutant mice in which a genomic locus essential for normal development has been genetically edited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Hara
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan. .,Division of Molecular Genetics & Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.
| | - Miho Terao
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Akari Muramatsu
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Shuji Takada
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
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15
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Xia X, Zhou X, Quan Y, Hu Y, Xing F, Li Z, Xu B, Xu C, Zhang A. Germline deletion of Cdyl causes teratozoospermia and progressive infertility in male mice. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:229. [PMID: 30850578 PMCID: PMC6408431 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Chromodomain Y (CDY) is one of the candidate genes for male dyszoospermia related to Y chromosome microdeletion (YCM). However, the function of CDY in regulating spermatogenesis has not been completely determined. The mouse Cdyl (CDY-like) gene is the homolog of human CDY. In the present study, we generated a germline conditional knockout (cKO) model of mouse Cdyl. Significantly, the CdylcKO male mice suffered from the defects in spermatogonia maintenance and spermatozoon morphogenesis, demonstrating teratozoospermia and a progressive infertility phenotype in early adulthood. Importantly, patterns of specific histone methylation and acetylation were extensively changed, which disturbed the transcriptome in CdylcKO testis. Our findings indicated that Cdyl is crucial for spermatogenesis and male fertility, which provides novel insights into the function of CDY gene, as well as the pathogenesis of YCM-related reproductive failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xia
- Department of Histo-Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhou
- Reproductive Medical Center of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yanmei Quan
- Department of Histo-Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yanqin Hu
- Department of Histo-Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Fengying Xing
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhengzheng Li
- Department of Histo-Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bufang Xu
- Reproductive Medical Center of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Histo-Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Department of Histo-Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Reproductive Medical Center of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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16
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Li N, Ma W, Shen Q, Zhang M, Du Z, Wu C, Niu B, Liu W, Hua J. Reconstitution of male germline cell specification from mouse embryonic stem cells using defined factors in vitro. Cell Death Differ 2019; 26:2115-2124. [PMID: 30683919 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro induction of functional haploid cells from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) has been reported by several groups. However, these reports either involve complex induction process with undefined induction factors or show low-induction efficiency. Here, we report complete meiosis in vitro from ESCs with defined induction factors. ESCs were first induced into primordial germ cell-like cells, which were further induced into male germline cells, including spermatogonial stem cell-like cells (SSCLCs) and spermatid-like cells. Importantly, the obtained SSCLCs were functional as infertile male mice sired healthy offspring via SSCLC transplantation. Further, we found that eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 3 and structural gene Y-linked (Eif2s3y) was essential for spermatogenesis. Eif2s3y-overexpressing ESCs showed enhanced spermatogenesis in vitro, as demonstrated by higher expression levels of SSC-specific markers during SSCLC induction process, improved reproductive ability recovery of infertile male mice, and increased efficiency of haploid cell induction. Our work provides a convenient and efficient approach to obtain functional male germline cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wentao Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiaoyan Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengfei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaoyu Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chongyang Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bowen Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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17
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Imaimatsu K, Fujii W, Hiramatsu R, Miura K, Kurohmaru M, Kanai Y. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in of the murine Y chromosomal Sry gene. J Reprod Dev 2018; 64:283-287. [PMID: 29657232 PMCID: PMC6021606 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2017-161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian zygote-mediated genome editing via the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated endonuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system is widely used to generate
genome-modified animals. This system allows for the production of loss-of-function mutations in various Y chromosome genes, including Sry, in mice. Here, we report the
establishment of a CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knock-in line of Flag-tag sequences into the Sry locus at the C-terminal coding end of the Y chromosome
(YSry-flag). In the F1 and successive generations, all male pups carrying the YSry-flag chromosome had normal testis differentiation
and proper spermatogenesis at maturity, enabling complete fertility and the production of viable offspring. To our knowledge, this study is the first to produce a stable Sry
knock-in line at the C-terminal region, highlighting a novel approach for examining the significance of amino acid changes at the naive Sry locus in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Imaimatsu
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Department of Animal Resource Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryuji Hiramatsu
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kento Miura
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masamichi Kurohmaru
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshiakira Kanai
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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18
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Fan Z, Li L, Li X, Zhang M, Zhong Y, Li Y, Yu D, Cao J, Zhao J, Xiaoming Deng XD, Zhang M, Jian-Guo Wen JGW, Liu Z, Goscinski MA, Berge V, Nesland J, Suo Z. Generation of an oxoglutarate dehydrogenase knockout rat model and the effect of a high-fat diet. RSC Adv 2018; 8:16636-16644. [PMID: 35540547 PMCID: PMC9080337 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00253c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although abnormal metabolism in metabolic syndrome and tumours has been well described, the relationship between oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH) and obesity-related diseases is still largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether it was possible to use transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) technology to establish OGDH−/− rats and then study the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) on these rats. However, after OGDH+/−rats were generated, we were unable to identify any OGDH−/− rats by performing mating experiments with the OGDH+/− rats for almost one year. During the past three years, only OGDH+/− rats were stably established, and correspondingly reduced OGDH expression in the tissues of the OGDH+/− rats was verified. No significant abnormal behaviour was observed in the OGDH+/− rats compared to the wild-type (WT) control rats. However, the OGDH+/− rats were revealed to have higher body weight, and the difference was even significantly greater under the HFD condition. Furthermore, blood biochemical and tissue histological examinations uncovered no abnormalities with normal diets, but a HFD resulted in liver dysfunction with pathological alterations in the OGDH+/− rats. Our results strongly indicate that OGDH homologous knockout is lethal in rats but heterologous OGDH knockout results in vulnerable liver lesions with a HFD. Therefore, the current study may provide a useful OGDH+/− rat model for further investigations of metabolic syndrome and obesity-related hepatic carcinogenesis. Although abnormal metabolism in metabolic syndrome and tumours has been well described, the relationship between oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH) and obesity-related diseases is still largely unknown.![]()
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19
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EIF2S3Y suppresses the pluripotency state and promotes the proliferation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11321-31. [PMID: 26863630 PMCID: PMC4905476 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 3, and structural gene Y-linked (EIF2S3Y) is essential for spermatogenesis in mouse models. However, its effect on embryonic stem (ES) cells remains unknown. In our observation, differentiated ES cells showed higher levels of EIF2S3Y. To further elucidate its role in ES cells, we utilized ES-derived EIF2S3Y-overexpressing cells and found that EIF2S3Y down-regulated the pluripotency state of ES cells, which might be explained by decreased histone methylation levels because of reduced levels of ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1). Moreover, EIF2S3Y-overexpressing cells showed an enhanced proliferation rate, which might be due to increased Cyclin A and Cyclin E levels. This study highlighted novel roles of EIF2S3Y in the pluripotency maintenance and proliferation control of ES cells, which would provide an efficient model to study germ cell generation as well as cancer development using ES cells, thus providing valuable target for clinical applications of ES cells.
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20
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Zuo E, Cai YJ, Li K, Wei Y, Wang BA, Sun Y, Liu Z, Liu J, Hu X, Wei W, Huo X, Shi L, Tang C, Liang D, Wang Y, Nie YH, Zhang CC, Yao X, Wang X, Zhou C, Ying W, Wang Q, Chen RC, Shen Q, Xu GL, Li J, Sun Q, Xiong ZQ, Yang H. One-step generation of complete gene knockout mice and monkeys by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing with multiple sgRNAs. Cell Res 2017; 27:933-945. [PMID: 28585534 PMCID: PMC5518993 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2017.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 system is an efficient gene-editing method, but the majority of gene-edited animals showed mosaicism, with editing occurring only in a portion of cells. Here we show that single gene or multiple genes can be completely knocked out in mouse and monkey embryos by zygotic injection of Cas9 mRNA and multiple adjacent single-guide RNAs (spaced 10-200 bp apart) that target only a single key exon of each gene. Phenotypic analysis of F0 mice following targeted deletion of eight genes on the Y chromosome individually demonstrated the robustness of this approach in generating knockout mice. Importantly, this approach delivers complete gene knockout at high efficiencies (100% on Arntl and 91% on Prrt2) in monkey embryos. Finally, we could generate a complete Prrt2 knockout monkey in a single step, demonstrating the usefulness of this approach in rapidly establishing gene-edited monkey models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwei Zuo
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yi-Jun Cai
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kui Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Bang-An Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yidi Sun
- Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xinde Hu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Xiaona Huo
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Linyu Shi
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yan-Hong Nie
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chen-Chen Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xuan Yao
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Changyang Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenqin Ying
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qifang Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ren-Chao Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Guo-Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhi-Qi Xiong
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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21
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Complementary Critical Functions of Zfy1 and Zfy2 in Mouse Spermatogenesis and Reproduction. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006578. [PMID: 28114340 PMCID: PMC5287576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian Y chromosome plays a critical role in spermatogenesis. However, the exact functions of each gene in the Y chromosome have not been completely elucidated, partly owing to difficulties in gene targeting analysis of the Y chromosome. Zfy was first proposed to be a sex determination factor, but its function in spermatogenesis has been recently elucidated. Nevertheless, Zfy gene targeting analysis has not been performed thus far. Here, we adopted the highly efficient CRISPR/Cas9 system to generate individual Zfy1 or Zfy2 knockout (KO) mice and Zfy1 and Zfy2 double knockout (Zfy1/2-DKO) mice. While individual Zfy1 or Zfy2-KO mice did not show any significant phenotypic alterations in fertility, Zfy1/2-DKO mice were infertile and displayed abnormal sperm morphology, fertilization failure, and early embryonic development failure. Mass spectrometric screening, followed by confirmation with western blot analysis, showed that PLCZ1, PLCD4, PRSS21, and HTT protein expression were significantly deceased in spermatozoa of Zfy1/2-DKO mice compared with those of wild-type mice. These results are consistent with the phenotypic changes seen in the double-mutant mice. Collectively, our strategy and findings revealed that Zfy1 and Zfy2 have redundant functions in spermatogenesis, facilitating a better understanding of fertilization failure and early embryonic development failure.
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22
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Burgoyne PS, Arnold AP. A primer on the use of mouse models for identifying direct sex chromosome effects that cause sex differences in non-gonadal tissues. Biol Sex Differ 2016; 7:68. [PMID: 27999654 PMCID: PMC5154145 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-016-0115-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In animals with heteromorphic sex chromosomes, all sex differences originate from the sex chromosomes, which are the only factors that are consistently different in male and female zygotes. In mammals, the imbalance in Y gene expression, specifically the presence vs. absence of Sry, initiates the differentiation of testes in males, setting up lifelong sex differences in the level of gonadal hormones, which in turn cause many sex differences in the phenotype of non-gonadal tissues. The inherent imbalance in the expression of X and Y genes, or in the epigenetic impact of X and Y chromosomes, also has the potential to contribute directly to the sexual differentiation of non-gonadal cells. Here, we review the research strategies to identify the X and Y genes or chromosomal regions that cause direct, sexually differentiating effects on non-gonadal cells. Some mouse models are useful for separating the effects of sex chromosomes from those of gonadal hormones. Once direct “sex chromosome effects” are detected in these models, further studies are required to narrow down the list of candidate X and/or Y genes and then to identify the sexually differentiating genes themselves. Logical approaches to the search for these genes are reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Burgoyne
- Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics, Mill Hill Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, The Ridgeway, London, NW7 1AA UK
| | - Arthur P Arnold
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, and Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology of the Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7239 USA
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23
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Chen Y, Niu Y, Ji W. Genome editing in nonhuman primates: approach to generating human disease models. J Intern Med 2016; 280:246-51. [PMID: 27114283 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are superior than rodents to be animal models for the study of human diseases, due to their similarities in terms of genetics, physiology, developmental biology, social behaviour and cognition. Transgenic animals have become a key tool in functional genomics to generate models for human diseases and validate new drugs. However, until now, progress in the field of transgenic NHPs has been slow because of technological limitations. Many human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, are caused by mutations in endogenous genes. Fortunately, recent developments in precision gene editing have led to the generation of NHP models for human diseases. Since 2014, there have been several reports of the generation of monkey models using transcription activator-like endonucleases (TALENs) or clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9); some of these NHP models showed symptoms that were much closer to those of human diseases than have been seen previously in mouse models. No off-targeting was observed in the NHP models, and multiple gene knockout and biallelic mutants were feasible with low efficiency. These findings suggest that there are many possibilities to establish NHP models for human diseases that can mimic human diseases more faithfully than rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology and National Engineering Research Center of Biomedicine and Animal Science, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Y Niu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology and National Engineering Research Center of Biomedicine and Animal Science, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - W Ji
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology and National Engineering Research Center of Biomedicine and Animal Science, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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24
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Abstract
Gene engineering for generating targeted mouse mutants is a key technology for biomedical research. Using TALENs as sequence-specific nucleases to induce targeted double-strand breaks, the mouse genome can be directly modified in zygotes in a single step without the need for embryonic stem cells. By embryo microinjection of TALEN mRNAs and targeting vectors, knockout and knock-in alleles can be generated fast and efficiently. In this chapter we provide protocols for the application of TALENs in mouse zygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Wefers
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Christina Brandl
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Technische Universität München, 85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
| | - Oskar Ortiz
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Technische Universität München, 85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Ralf Kühn
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Technische Universität München, 85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
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25
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Vernet N, Mahadevaiah SK, Decarpentrie F, Longepied G, de Rooij DG, Burgoyne PS, Mitchell MJ. Mouse Y-Encoded Transcription Factor Zfy2 Is Essential for Sperm Head Remodelling and Sperm Tail Development. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145398. [PMID: 26765744 PMCID: PMC4713206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A previous study indicated that genetic information encoded on the mouse Y chromosome short arm (Yp) is required for efficient completion of the second meiotic division (that generates haploid round spermatids), restructuring of the sperm head, and development of the sperm tail. Using mouse models lacking a Y chromosome but with varying Yp gene complements provided by Yp chromosomal derivatives or transgenes, we recently identified the Y-encoded zinc finger transcription factors Zfy1 and Zfy2 as the Yp genes promoting the second meiotic division. Using the same mouse models we here show that Zfy2 (but not Zfy1) contributes to the restructuring of the sperm head and is required for the development of the sperm tail. The preferential involvement of Zfy2 is consistent with the presence of an additional strong spermatid-specific promotor that has been acquired by this gene. This is further supported by the fact that promotion of sperm morphogenesis is also seen in one of the two markedly Yp gene deficient models in which a Yp deletion has created a Zfy2/1 fusion gene that is driven by the strong Zfy2 spermatid-specific promotor, but encodes a protein almost identical to that encoded by Zfy1. Our results point to there being further genetic information on Yp that also has a role in restructuring the sperm head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadege Vernet
- Division of Developmental Genetics, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Shantha K Mahadevaiah
- Division of Developmental Genetics, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom.,The Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fanny Decarpentrie
- Division of Developmental Genetics, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom.,The Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guy Longepied
- Aix Marseille Université GMGF, Marseille, France.,Inserm, UMR_S 910, Marseille, France
| | - Dirk G de Rooij
- Reproductive Biology Group, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul S Burgoyne
- Division of Developmental Genetics, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Aix Marseille Université GMGF, Marseille, France.,Inserm, UMR_S 910, Marseille, France
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26
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Busada JT, Geyer CB. The Role of Retinoic Acid (RA) in Spermatogonial Differentiation. Biol Reprod 2015; 94:10. [PMID: 26559678 PMCID: PMC4809555 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.135145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) directs the sequential, but distinct, programs of spermatogonial differentiation and meiotic differentiation that are both essential for the generation of functional spermatozoa. These processes are functionally and temporally decoupled, as they occur in distinct cell types that arise over a week apart, both in the neonatal and adult testis. However, our understanding is limited in terms of what cellular and molecular changes occur downstream of RA exposure that prepare differentiating spermatogonia for meiotic initiation. In this review, we describe the process of spermatogonial differentiation and summarize the current state of knowledge regarding RA signaling in spermatogonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T Busada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Christopher B Geyer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
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