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He YC, Yuan GD, Li N, Ren MF, Qian-Zhang, Deng KN, Wang LC, Xiao WL, Ma N, Stamm C, Felthaus O, Prantl L, Nie J, Wang G. Recent advances in mesenchymal stem cell therapy for myocardial infarction. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024:CH249101. [PMID: 38578884 DOI: 10.3233/ch-249101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction refers to the ischemic necrosis of myocardium, characterized by a sharp reduction or interruption of blood flow in the coronary arteries due to the coronary artery occlusion, resulting in severe and prolonged ischemia in the corresponding myocardium and ultimately leading to ischemic necrosis of the myocardium. Given its high risk, it is considered as one of the most serious health threats today. In current clinical practice, multiple approaches have been explored to diminish myocardial oxygen consumption and alleviate symptoms, but notable success remains elusive. Accumulated clinical evidence has showed that the implantation of mesenchymal stem cell for treating myocardial infarction is both effective and safe. Nevertheless, there persists controversy and variability regarding the standardizing MSC transplantation protocols, optimizing dosage, and determining the most effective routes of administration. Addressing these remaining issues will pave the way of integration of MSCs as a feasible mainstream cardiac treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan He
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Guo-Dong Yuan
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Nan Li
- Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mei-Fang Ren
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qian-Zhang
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Kai-Ning Deng
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Le-Chuan Wang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Wei-Ling Xiao
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Institute of Active Polymers, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Felthaus
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jia Nie
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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2
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Perez-Estenaga I, Chevalier MT, Peña E, Abizanda G, Alsharabasy AM, Larequi E, Cilla M, Perez MM, Gurtubay J, Garcia-Yebenes Castro M, Prosper F, Pandit A, Pelacho B. A Multimodal Scaffold for SDF1 Delivery Improves Cardiac Function in a Rat Subacute Myocardial Infarct Model. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:50638-50651. [PMID: 37566441 PMCID: PMC10636708 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The efficient delivery of therapeutic growth factors could counteract the adverse prognosis of post-myocardial infarction (post-MI). In this study, a collagen hydrogel that is able to load and appropriately deliver pro-angiogenic stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1) was physically coupled with a compact collagen membrane in order to provide the suture strength required for surgical implantation. This bilayer collagen-on-collagen scaffold (bCS) showed the suitable physicochemical properties that are needed for efficient implantation, and the scaffold was able to deliver therapeutic growth factors after MI. In vitro collagen matrix biodegradation led to a sustained SDF1 release and a lack of cytotoxicity in the relevant cell cultures. In vivo intervention in a rat subacute MI model resulted in the full integration of the scaffold into the heart after implantation and biocompatibility with the tissue, with a prevalence of anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic macrophages, as well as evidence of revascularization and improved cardiac function after 60 days. Moreover, the beneficial effect of the released SDF1 on heart remodeling was confirmed by a significant reduction in cardiac tissue stiffness. Our findings demonstrate that this multimodal scaffold is a desirable matrix that can be used as a drug delivery system and a scaffolding material to promote functional recovery after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Perez-Estenaga
- Regenerative
Medicine Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Merari Tumin Chevalier
- CÚRAM,
SFI Research Center for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Estefania Peña
- Aragon
Institute of Engineering Research, University
of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
- CIBER-BBN—Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería
Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Gloria Abizanda
- Regenerative
Medicine Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona 31009, Spain
| | - Amir M. Alsharabasy
- CÚRAM,
SFI Research Center for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Eduardo Larequi
- Regenerative
Medicine Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Myriam Cilla
- Aragon
Institute of Engineering Research, University
of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
- CIBER-BBN—Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería
Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Marta M. Perez
- Department
of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Jon Gurtubay
- Regenerative
Medicine Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | | | - Felipe Prosper
- Regenerative
Medicine Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona 31009, Spain
- Department
of Cell Therapy and Hematology, Clínica
Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
- CIBERONC, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM,
SFI Research Center for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Beatriz Pelacho
- Regenerative
Medicine Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona 31009, Spain
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SDF-1α-Releasing Microspheres Effectively Extend Stem Cell Homing after Myocardial Infarction. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020343. [PMID: 36830880 PMCID: PMC9953248 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the main focuses in today's healthcare due to its implications and complications, and it is predicted to be increasing in prevalence due to the ageing population. Although the conventional pharmacological and interventional methods for the treatment of IHD presents with success in the clinical setting, the long-term complications of cardiac insufficiency are on a continual incline as a result of post-infarction remodeling of the cardiac tissue. The migration and involvement of stem cells to the cardiac muscle, followed by differentiation into cardiac myocytes, has been proven to be the natural process, though at a slow rate. SDF-1α is a novel candidate to mobilize stem cells homing to the ischemic heart. Endogenous SDF-1α levels are elevated after myocardial infarction, but their presence gradually decreases after approximately seven days. Additional administration of SDF-1α-releasing microspheres could be a tool for the extension of the time the stem cells are in the cardiac tissue after myocardial infarction. This, in turn, could constitute a novel therapy for more efficient regeneration of the heart muscle after injury. Through this practical study, it has been shown that the controlled release of SDF-1α from biodegradable microspheres into the pericardial sac fourteen days after myocardial infarction increases the concentration of exogenous SDF-1α, which persists in the tissue much longer than the level of endogenous SDF-1α. In addition, administration of SDF-1α-releasing microspheres increased the expression of the factors potentially involved in the involvement and retention of myocardial stem cells, which constitutes vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), stem cell factor (SCF), and vascular cell adhesion molecules (VCAMs) at the site of damaged tissue. This exhibits the possibility of combating the basic limitations of cell therapy, including ineffective stem cell implantation and the ability to induce the migration of endogenous stem cells to the ischemic cardiac tissue and promote heart repair.
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Wang D, Cao H, Hua W, Gao L, Yuan Y, Zhou X, Zeng Z. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Defect Repair. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12070716. [PMID: 35877919 PMCID: PMC9315966 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12070716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The repair of critical bone defects is a hotspot of orthopedic research. With the development of bone tissue engineering (BTE), there is increasing evidence showing that the combined application of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (MSC-EVs), especially exosomes, with hydrogels, scaffolds, and other bioactive materials has made great progress, exhibiting a good potential for bone regeneration. Recent studies have found that miRNAs, proteins, and other cargo loaded in EVs are key factors in promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis. In BTE, the expression profile of the intrinsic cargo of EVs can be changed by modifying the gene expression of MSCs to obtain EVs with enhanced osteogenic activity and ultimately enhance the osteoinductive ability of bone graft materials. However, the current research on MSC-EVs for repairing bone defects is still in its infancy, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, in this review, the effect of bioactive materials such as hydrogels and scaffolds combined with MSC-EVs in repairing bone defects is summarized, and the mechanism of MSC-EVs promoting bone defect repair by delivering active molecules such as internal miRNAs is further elucidated, which provides a theoretical basis and reference for the clinical application of MSC-EVs in repairing bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Wang
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
| | - Hong Cao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Weizhong Hua
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
| | - Yu Yuan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Xuchang Zhou
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; (H.C.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhipeng Zeng
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (D.W.); (W.H.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
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Lu X, Wang Z, Ye D, Feng Y, Liu M, Xu Y, Wang M, Zhang J, Liu J, Zhao M, Xu S, Ye J, Wan J. The Role of CXC Chemokines in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:765768. [PMID: 35668739 PMCID: PMC9163960 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.765768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases with high disability and mortality rates. In the elderly population, the incidence of cardiovascular disease is increasing annually. Between 1990 and 2016, the age-standardised prevalence of CVD in China significantly increased by 14.7%, and the number of cardiovascular disease deaths increased from 2.51 million to 3.97 million. Much research has indicated that cardiovascular disease is closely related to inflammation, immunity, injury and repair. Chemokines, which induce directed chemotaxis of reactive cells, are divided into four subfamilies: CXC, CC, CX3C, and XC. As cytokines, CXC chemokines are similarly involved in inflammation, immunity, injury, and repair and play a role in many cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion injury, hypertension, aortic aneurysm, cardiac fibrosis, postcardiac rejection, and atrial fibrillation. Here, we explored the relationship between the chemokine CXC subset and cardiovascular disease and its mechanism of action with the goal of further understanding the onset of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jing Ye
- *Correspondence: Jing Ye, ; Jun Wan,
| | - Jun Wan
- *Correspondence: Jing Ye, ; Jun Wan,
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6
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Modulation of the Immune System Promotes Tissue Regeneration. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 64:599-610. [PMID: 35022994 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The immune system plays an essential role in the angiogenesis, repair, and regeneration of damaged tissues. Therefore, the design of scaffolds that manipulate immune cells and factors in such a way that could accelerate the repair of damaged tissues, following implantation, is one of the main goals of regenerative medicine. However, before manipulating the immune system, the function of the various components of the immune system during the repair process should be well understood and the fabrication conditions of the manipulated scaffolds should be brought closer to the physiological state of the body. In this article, we first review the studies aimed at the role of distinct immune cell populations in angiogenesis and support of damaged tissue repair. In the second part, we discuss the use of strategies that promote tissue regeneration by modulating the immune system. Given that various studies have shown an increase in tissue repair rate with the addition of stem cells and growth factors to the scaffolds, and regarding the limited resources of stem cells, we suggest the design of scaffolds that are capable to develop repair of damaged tissue by manipulating the immune system and create an alternative for repair strategies that use stem cells or growth factors.
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7
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Zastosowanie fibryny w inżynierii tkankowej. Osiągnięcia i perspektywy. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2021-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstrakt
W ostatnich latach istotnym obszarem zastosowania fibryny stała się inżynieria tkankowa, w której wykorzystuje się naturalne właściwości biostatyczne i bioaktywne fibryny, a także możliwość pułapkowania i wiązania w jej strukturze czynników wzrostu. Fibryna jest najczęściej stosowana w postaci żeli i dysków. Jednak każda postać wskutek pochłaniania wody docelowo przyjmuje postać żelu. Białko to w warunkach in vivo spełnia rolę rusztowania dla komórek, a także może być aplikowane w miejsca trudno dostępne – może wypełniać ubytki tkanek i podtrzymywać tkanki okalające, zapobiegając ich zapadaniu się. Ponadto fibryna hamuje krwawienie i inicjuje proces odnowy, jak również pełni rolę stymulatora wzrostu komórek. Przez modyfikacje struktury fibryny cząsteczkami adhezyjnymi, można przyspieszyć odbudowę prawidłowej struktury tkanek. Jej właściwości strukturalne mogą być także wykorzystywane jako rezerwuar czynników wzrostu i system ich przedłużonego uwalniania. Fibryna jest materiałem biodegradowalnym, umożliwiając skorelowanie ubytku matrycy fibrynowej z odbudową tkanek własnych pacjenta. Wprowadzenie metod druku 3D i elektroprzędzenia umożliwia formulację dopasowanych do uszkodzeń kształtek oraz włóknin bez utraty bioaktywnych funkcji fibryny. Metody te umożliwiają także poprawę właściwości mechanicznych przez otrzymywanie m.in. włóknin fibryny z innymi polimerami, co jest szczególnie uzasadnione w przypadku materiałów stosowanych w odbudowie takich struktur jak ścięgna czy kości. Biotechnologiczna synteza fibrynogenu może w przyszłości uniezależnić pozyskiwanie go z krwi i zwiększyć popularność wyrobów medycznych otrzymywanych z fibryny.
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Bioactive Scaffolds in Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Myocardial Infarction: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Trials. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:2104-2136. [PMID: 34463903 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10186-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of bioactive scaffolds in conjunction with stem cell therapies for cardiac repair after a myocardial infarction shows significant promise for clinical translation. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical trials that investigated the use of bioactive scaffolds to support stem cell-aided cardiac regeneration, in comparison to stem cell treatment alone. Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and grey literature were searched through April 23, 2020 and 60 articles were included in the final analysis. The overall effect size observed in scaffold and stem cell-treated small animals compared to stem cell-treated controls for ejection fraction (EF) was 7.98 [95% confidence interval (CI): 6.36, 9.59] and for fractional shortening (FS) was 5.50 [95% CI: 4.35, 6.65] in small animal models. The largest improvements in EF and FS were observed when hydrogels were used (MD = 8.45 [95% CI: 6.46, 10.45] and MD = 5.76 [95% CI: 4.46, 7.05], respectively). Subgroup analysis revealed that cardiac progenitor cells had the largest effect size for FS, and was significant from pluripotent, mesenchymal and endothelial stem cell types. In large animal studies, the overall improvement of EF favoured the use of stem cell-embedded scaffolds compared to direct injection of cells (MD = 10.49 [95% CI: 6.30, 14.67]). Significant publication bias was present in the small animal trials for EF and FS. This study supports the use of bioactive scaffolds to aid in stem cell-based cardiac regeneration. Hydrogels should be further investigated in larger animal models for clinical translation.
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Fadera S, Cheng NC, Young TH, Lee IC. In vitro study of SDF-1α-loaded injectable and thermally responsive hydrogels for adipose stem cell therapy by SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10360-10372. [PMID: 33108417 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01961e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based approaches have become a promising therapeutic strategy for treating ischemic diseases. The aim of this study was to develop injectable hydrogel systems for the local release of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) to recruit adipose stem cells (ASCs) that express CXCR4 to achieve stem cell therapy and therapeutic angiogenesis. Thermoresponsive and injectable chitosan (CS)/β-glycerophosphate disodium salt pentahydrate (βGP) hydrogels with different concentrations of hyaluronic acid (HA) were designed and fabricated to achieve local and sustained release of SDF-1α for ASC recruitment. Herein, the material structures, physical properties, gelation temperature, and gelation time of hydrogels with different compositions were determined. The incorporation of 0.9% HA in CS-based hydrogels not only enhanced the gelation time but also increased the strength of the hydrogels. In addition, the results revealed that the thermoresponsive and injectable CS/βGP/HA hydrogels showed good biocompatibility. In addition, the in vitro release profiles showed that the hydrogels achieved sustained release of SDF-1α over 7 days and enhanced ASC migration. The results revealed that the hydrogels with HA enhanced the sustained release effect compared with the hydrogel without HA, indicating that the HA content regulated the physical and release properties of the injectable hydrogels. Therefore, thermoresponsive and injectable CS/βGP/HA hydrogels may provide an alternative for treating ischemic diseases via SDF-1/CXCR4 axis for ASC recruitment and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siaka Fadera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Nai-Chen Cheng
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, 7 Chung-Shan S Rd, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Horng Young
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, 1 Jen-Ai Rd, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - I-Chi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Shi W, Guo S, Liu L, Liu Q, Huo F, Ding Y, Tian W. Small Extracellular Vesicles from Lipopolysaccharide-Preconditioned Dental Follicle Cells Promote Periodontal Regeneration in an Inflammatory Microenvironment. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5797-5810. [PMID: 33320548 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory microenvironment can enhance the dental follicle cells (DFCs) proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion abilities beneficial to periodontal regeneration, which possibly attributes the success to exosomes according to recent studies. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of LPS-preconditioned DFC-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), which enriched exosomes for periodontal regeneration in an inflammatory microenvironment. LPS preconditioning could significantly increase the secretion of sEVs derived from DFCs. Both LPS-preconditioned dental follicle cell-derived sEV (L-D-sEV) and DFC-derived sEV (D-sEV) promoted the proliferation of periodontal ligament cells from periodontitis (p-PDLCs) with a dose-dependent and saturable manner and also enhanced the migration and differentiation of p-PDLCs. Furthermore, L-D-sEV showed a modest benefit than D-sEV to promote p-PDLCs differentiation. In vivo, an L-D-sEV-loaded hydrogel applied in the treatment of periodontitis was beneficial to repair lost alveolar bone in the early stage of treatment and to maintain the level of alveolar bone in the late stage of treatment in experimental periodontitis rats, which could partly decrease the expression of the RANKL/OPG ratio. In conclusion, L-D-sEV was beneficial to p-PDLCs forming an integrity periodontal tissue. The biological injectable L-D-sEV-loaded hydrogel could be used as a treatment method for experimental periodontitis in rats, promoting periodontal tissue regeneration and providing a new alternative cell therapy method for periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Shi
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shujuan Guo
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fangjun Huo
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Steffens S, Van Linthout S, Sluijter JPG, Tocchetti CG, Thum T, Madonna R. Stimulating pro-reparative immune responses to prevent adverse cardiac remodelling: consensus document from the joint 2019 meeting of the ESC Working Groups of cellular biology of the heart and myocardial function. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:1850-1862. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cardiac injury may have multiple causes, including ischaemic, non-ischaemic, autoimmune, and infectious triggers. Independent of the underlying pathophysiology, cardiac tissue damage induces an inflammatory response to initiate repair processes. Immune cells are recruited to the heart to remove dead cardiomyocytes, which is essential for cardiac healing. Insufficient clearance of dying cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction (MI) has been shown to promote unfavourable cardiac remodelling, which may result in heart failure (HF). Although immune cells are integral key players of cardiac healing, an unbalanced or unresolved immune reaction aggravates tissue damage that triggers maladaptive remodelling and HF. Neutrophils and macrophages are involved in both, inflammatory as well as reparative processes. Stimulating the resolution of cardiac inflammation seems to be an attractive therapeutic strategy to prevent adverse remodelling. Along with numerous experimental studies, the promising outcomes from recent clinical trials testing canakinumab or colchicine in patients with MI are boosting the interest in novel therapies targeting inflammation in cardiovascular disease patients. The aim of this review is to discuss recent experimental studies that provide new insights into the signalling pathways and local regulators within the cardiac microenvironment promoting the resolution of inflammation and tissue regeneration. We will cover ischaemia- and non-ischaemic-induced as well as infection-related cardiac remodelling and address potential targets to prevent adverse cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Steffens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Center of Clinical and Translational Sciences (CIRCET), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Institute of Cardiology, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
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Steele AN, Paulsen MJ, Wang H, Stapleton LM, Lucian HJ, Eskandari A, Hironaka CE, Farry JM, Baker SW, Thakore AD, Jaatinen KJ, Tada Y, Hollander MJ, Williams KM, Seymour AJ, Totherow KP, Yu AC, Cochran JR, Appel EA, Woo YJ. Multi-phase catheter-injectable hydrogel enables dual-stage protein-engineered cytokine release to mitigate adverse left ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction in a small animal model and a large animal model. Cytokine 2020; 127:154974. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Yu X, Sun H, Yang J, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Wang J, Deng F. Evaluation of bone-regeneration effects and ectopic osteogenesis of collagen membrane chemically conjugated with stromal cell-derived factor-1 in vivo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 15:015009. [PMID: 31665702 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab52da] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Because the collagen membrane lacks osteoinductivity, it must be modified with bioactive components to trigger rapid bone regeneration. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the bone regeneration effects of a collagen membrane chemically conjugated with stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) in rat models. To this end, different collagen membranes from four groups including a control group with a Bio-Oss bone substitute + collagen membrane; physical adsorption group with Bio-Oss + SDF-1α physically adsorbed on the collagen membrane; chemical cross-linking group with Bio-Oss + SDF-1α chemically cross-linked to the collagen membrane; and cell-seeding group with Bio-Oss + bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) seeded onto the collagen membrane were placed in critical-sized defect models using a guided bone regeneration technique. At 4 and 8 weeks, the specimens were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, micro-computed tomography, and histomorphology analyzes. Furthermore, ectopic osteogenesis was examined by histological analysis with Von Kossa staining, with the samples counterstained by hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining. The results showed that in the chemical cross-linking group and cell-seeding group, the bone volume fraction, bone surface area fraction, and trabecular number were significantly increased and showed more new bone formation compared to the control and physical adsorption groups. Von Kossa-stained samples counterstained with hematoxylin and eosin and subjected to immunohistochemical staining of 4-week implanted membranes revealed that the chemical cross-linking group had the largest number of microvessels. The collagen membrane chemically conjugated with SDF-1α to significantly promote new bone and microvessel formation compared to SDF-1α physical adsorption and showed similar effects on new bone formation as a BMSC seeding method. This study provided a cell-free approach for shortening the bone healing time and improving the success rate of guided bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Yu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Biomimetic Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite Composites: Therapeutic Potential and Effects on Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236002. [PMID: 31795225 PMCID: PMC6928996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of a novel alloplastic graft with both osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties is still necessary. In this study, we tried to synthesize a biomimetic hydroxyapatite microspheres (gelatin/nano-hydroxyapatite microsphere embedded with stromal cell-derived factor-1: GHM-S) from nanocrystalline hydroxyapatites and to investigate their therapeutic potential and effects on bone regeneration. In this study, hydroxyapatite was synthesized by co-precipitation of calcium hydroxide and orthophosphoric acid to gelatin solution. The microbial transglutaminase was used as the agent to crosslink the microspheres. The morphology, characterization, and thermal gravimetric analysis of microspheres were performed. SDF-1 release profile and in vitro biocompatibility and relative osteogenic gene expression were analyzed, followed by in vivo micro-computed tomography study and histological analysis. The synthesized hydroxyapatite was found to be similar to hydroxyapatite of natural bone tissue. The stromal cell-derived factor-1 was embedded into gelatin/hydroxyapatite microsphere to form the biomimetic hydroxyapatite microsphere. The stromal cell-derived factor-1 protein could be released in a controlled manner from the biomimetic hydroxyapatite microsphere and form a concentration gradient in the culture environment to attract the migration of stem cells. Gene expression and protein expression indicated that stem cells could differentiate or develop into pre-osteoblasts. The effect of bone formation by the biomimetic hydroxyapatite microsphere was assessed by an in vivo rats’ alveolar bone defects model and confirmed by micro-CT imaging and histological examination. Our findings demonstrated that the biomimetic hydroxyapatite microsphere can enhance the alveolar bone regeneration. This design has potential be applied to other bone defects.
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15
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Abstract
Chemokines are small secreted proteins with chemoattractant properties that play a key role in inflammation. One such chemokine, Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) also known as CXCL12, and its receptor, CXCR4, are expressed and functional in cardiac myocytes. SDF-1 both stimulates and enhances the cellular signal which attracts potentially beneficial stem cells for tissue repair within the ischemic heart. Paradoxically however, this chemokine is known to act in concert with the inflammatory cytokines of the innate immune response which contributes to cellular injury through the recruitment of inflammatory cells during ischemia. In the present study, we have demonstrated that SDF-1 has dose dependent effects on freshly isolated cardiomyocytes. Using Tunnel and caspase 3-activation assays, we have demonstrated that the treatment of isolated adult rat cardiac myocyte with SDF-1 at higher concentrations (pathological concentrations) induced apoptosis. Furthermore, ELISA data demonstrated that the treatment of isolated adult rat cardiac myocyte with SDF-1 at higher concentrations upregulated TNF-α protein expression which directly correlated with subsequent apoptosis. There was a significant reduction in SDF-1 mediated apoptosis when TNF-α expression was neutralized which suggests that SDF-1 mediated apoptosis is TNF-α-dependent. The fact that certain stimuli are capable of driving cardiomyocytes into apoptosis indicates that these cells are susceptible to clinically relevant apoptotic triggers. Our findings suggest that the elevated SDF-1 levels seen in a variety of clinical conditions, including ischemic myocardial infarction, may either directly or indirectly contribute to cardiac cell death via a TNF-α mediated pathway. This highlights the importance of this receptor/ligand in regulating the cardiomyocyte response to stress conditions.
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16
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Kuraitis D, Hosoyama K, Blackburn NJR, Deng C, Zhong Z, Suuronen EJ. Functionalization of soft materials for cardiac repair and regeneration. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2019; 39:451-468. [PMID: 30929528 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2019.1572587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is a leading cause of death in developed nations. As the disease progresses, myocardial infarction can occur leaving areas of dead tissue in the heart. To compensate, the body initiates its own repair/regenerative response in an attempt to restore function to the heart. These efforts serve as inspiration to researchers who attempt to capitalize on the natural regenerative processes to further augment repair. Thus far, researchers are exploiting these repair mechanisms in the functionalization of soft materials using a variety of growth factor-, ligand- and peptide-incorporating approaches. The goal of functionalizing soft materials is to best promote and direct the regenerative responses that are needed to restore the heart. This review summarizes the opportunities for the use of functionalized soft materials for cardiac repair and regeneration, and some of the different strategies being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew Kuraitis
- a Division of Cardiac Surgery , University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Katsuhiro Hosoyama
- a Division of Cardiac Surgery , University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Nick J R Blackburn
- a Division of Cardiac Surgery , University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Chao Deng
- b Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- b Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Erik J Suuronen
- a Division of Cardiac Surgery , University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa , Canada
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Tao Z, Tan S, Chen W, Chen X. Stem Cell Homing: a Potential Therapeutic Strategy Unproven for Treatment of Myocardial Injury. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2018; 11:403-411. [PMID: 30324254 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-018-9823-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in the prevention and therapeutic modalities of ischemic heart disease, morbidity and mortality post-infarction heart failure remain big challenges in modern society. Stem cell therapy is emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy. Stem cell homing, the ability of stem cells to find their destination, is receiving more attention. Identification of specific cues and understanding the signaling pathways that direct stem cells to targeted destination will improve stem cell homing efficiency. This review discusses the cellular and molecular mechanism of stem cell homing at length in the light of literature and analyzes the problem and considerations of this approach as a treatment strategy for the treatment of ischemic heart disease clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghao Tao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihua Tan
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Su P, Tian Y, Yang C, Ma X, Wang X, Pei J, Qian A. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration during Bone Formation and Bone Diseases Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082343. [PMID: 30096908 PMCID: PMC6121650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During bone modeling, remodeling, and bone fracture repair, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into chondrocyte or osteoblast to comply bone formation and regeneration. As multipotent stem cells, MSCs were used to treat bone diseases during the past several decades. However, most of these implications just focused on promoting MSC differentiation. Furthermore, cell migration is also a key issue for bone formation and bone diseases treatment. Abnormal MSC migration could cause different kinds of bone diseases, including osteoporosis. Additionally, for bone disease treatment, the migration of endogenous or exogenous MSCs to bone injury sites is required. Recently, researchers have paid more and more attention to two critical points. One is how to apply MSC migration to bone disease therapy. The other is how to enhance MSC migration to improve the therapeutic efficacy of bone diseases. Some considerable outcomes showed that enhancing MSC migration might be a novel trick for reversing bone loss and other bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, fracture, and osteoarthritis (OA). Although plenty of challenges need to be conquered, application of endogenous and exogenous MSC migration and developing different strategies to improve therapeutic efficacy through enhancing MSC migration to target tissue might be the trend in the future for bone disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Su
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Chaofei Yang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xue Wang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Jiawei Pei
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Airong Qian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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19
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Abstract
Achieving satisfactory reconstruction of bone remains an important goal in orthopedic and dental conditions such as bone trauma, osteoporosis, arthritis, osteonecrosis, and periodontitis. Appropriate temporal and spatial differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is essential for postnatal bone regeneration. Additionally, an acute inflammatory response is crucial at the onset of bone repair, while an adaptive immune response has important implications during late bone remodeling. Various reports have indicated bidirectional interactions between MSCs and inflammatory cells or molecules. For example, inflammatory cells can recruit MSCs, direct their migration and differentiation, so as to exert anabolic effects on bone repair. Furthermore, both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines can regulate MSCs properties and subsequent bone regeneration. MSCs have demonstrated highly immunosuppressive functions, such as inhibiting the differentiation of monocytes/hematopoietic precursors and suppressing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review emphasizes the important interactions between inflammatory stimuli, MSCs, and bone regeneration as well as the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Better understanding of these principles will provide new opportunities for promoting bone regeneration and the treatment of bone loss associated with immunological diseases.
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20
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Growth Factor Delivery Systems for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1078:245-269. [PMID: 30357627 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0950-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Growth factors (GFs) are often a key component in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches. In order to fully exploit the therapeutic potential of GFs, GF delivery vehicles have to meet a number of key design criteria such as providing localized delivery and mimicking the dynamic native GF expression levels and patterns. The use of biomaterials as delivery systems is the most successful strategy for controlled delivery and has been translated into different commercially available systems. However, the risk of side effects remains an issue, which is mainly attributed to insufficient control over the release profile. This book chapter reviews the current strategies, chemistries, materials and delivery vehicles employed to overcome the current limitations associated with GF therapies.
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21
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Gnecchi M, Danieli P, Malpasso G, Ciuffreda MC. Paracrine Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Repair. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1416:123-46. [PMID: 27236669 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3584-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration from transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) either through transdifferentiation or cell fusion was originally proposed as the principal mechanism underlying their therapeutic action. However, several studies have now shown that both these mechanisms are very inefficient. The low MSC engraftment rate documented in injured areas also refutes the hypothesis that MSC repair tissue damage by replacing cell loss with newly differentiated cells. Indeed, despite evidence of preferential homing of MSC to the site of myocardial ischemia, exogenously administered MSC show poor survival and do not persist in the infarcted area. Therefore, it has been proposed that the functional benefits observed after MSC transplantation in experimental models of tissue injury might be related to the secretion of soluble factors acting in a paracrine fashion. This hypothesis is supported by pre-clinical studies demonstrating equal or even improved organ function upon infusion of MSC-derived conditioned medium (MSC-CM) compared with MSC transplantation. Identifying key MSC-secreted factors and their functional role seems a reasonable approach for a rational design of nextgeneration MSC-based therapeutics. Here, we summarize the major findings regarding both different MSC-mediated paracrine actions and the identification of paracrine mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Gnecchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. .,Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences - Coronary Care Unit and Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. .,Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. .,Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Patrizia Danieli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences - Coronary Care Unit and Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Malpasso
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences - Coronary Care Unit and Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Ciuffreda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Sciences - Coronary Care Unit and Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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22
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Lakshmanan R, Maulik N. Development of next generation cardiovascular therapeutics through bio-assisted nanotechnology. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:2072-2083. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Lakshmanan
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery; UConn Health; Farmington Connecticut
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery; UConn Health; Farmington Connecticut
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23
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Zhao W, Jin K, Li J, Qiu X, Li S. Delivery of stromal cell-derived factor 1α for in situ tissue regeneration. J Biol Eng 2017; 11:22. [PMID: 28670340 PMCID: PMC5492719 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-017-0058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In situ tissue regeneration approach aims to exploit the body's own biological resources and reparative capability and recruit host cells by utilizing cell-instructive biomaterials. In order to immobilize and release bioactive factors in biomaterials, it is important to engineer the load effectiveness, release kinetics and cell recruiting capabilities of bioactive molecules by using suitable bonding strategies. Stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α) is one of the most potent chemokines for stem cell recruitment, and SDF-1α-loaded scaffolds have been used for the regeneration of many types of tissues. This review summarizes the strategies to incorporate SDF-1α into scaffolds, including direct loading or adsorption, polyion complexes, specific heparin-mediated interaction and particulate system, which may be applied to the immobilization of other chemokines or growth factors. In addition, we discuss the application of these strategies in the regeneration of tissues such as blood vessel, myocardium, cartilage and bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072 China
| | - Kaixiang Jin
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072 China
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072 China
| | - Xuefeng Qiu
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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Prolyl-hydroxylase inhibition induces SDF-1 associated with increased CXCR4+/CD11b+ subpopulations and cardiac repair. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:825-837. [PMID: 28550361 PMCID: PMC5516048 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1543-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SDF-1/CXCR4 activation facilitates myocardial repair. Therefore, we aimed to activate the HIF-1α target genes SDF-1 and CXCR4 by dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG)-induced prolyl-hydroxylase (PH) inhibition to augment CXCR4+ cell recruitment and myocardial repair. SDF-1 and CXCR4 expression was analyzed under normoxia and ischemia ± DMOG utilizing SDF-1-EGFP and CXCR4-EGFP reporter mice. In bone marrow and heart, CXCR4-EGFP was predominantly expressed in CD45+/CD11b+ leukocytes which significantly increased after myocardial ischemia. PH inhibition with 500 μM DMOG induced upregulation of SDF-1 mRNA in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) and aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HAVSMC). CXCR4 was highly elevated in HMEC-1 but almost no detectable in HAVSMC. In vivo, systemic administration of the PH inhibitor DMOG without pretreatment upregulated nuclear HIF-1α and SDF-1 in the ischemic mouse heart associated with increased recruitment of CD45+/CXCR4-EGFP+/CD11b+ cell subsets. Enhanced PH inhibition significantly upregulated reparative M2 like CXCR4-EGFP+ CD11b+/CD206+ cells compared to inflammatory M2-like CXCR4-EGFP+ CD11b+/CD86+ cells associated with reduced apoptotic cell death, increased neovascularization, reduced scar size, and an improved heart function after MI. In summary, our data suggest increased PH inhibition as a promising tool for a customized upregulation of SDF-1 and CXCR4 expression to attract CXCR4+/CD11b+ cells to the ischemic heart associated with increased cardiac repair. KEY MESSAGES DMOG-induced prolyl-hydroxylase inhibition upregulates SDF-1 and CXCR4 in human endothelial cells. Systemic application of DMOG upregulates nuclear HIF-1α and SDF-1 in vivo. Enhanced prolyl-hydroxylase inhibition increases mainly CXCR4+/CD11b+ cells. DMOG increased reparative M2-like CD11b+/CD206+ cells compared to M1-like cells after MI. Enhanced prolyl-hydroxylase inhibition improved cardiac repair and heart function.
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25
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Nair A, Tang L. Influence of scaffold design on host immune and stem cell responses. Semin Immunol 2017; 29:62-71. [PMID: 28431919 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The combined culture of isolated stem cells in tissue engineering scaffolds represents a popular strategy for the regeneration of specialized tissues. Despite of improved outcomes in some tissues, this stem cell-seeded tissue engineering strategy has not led to significant tissue regeneration as expected. The lower-than-expected outcome may be caused by overwhelming immune responses to scaffold materials and poor survival of seeded stem cells following implantation. This review is aimed at summarizing the success and failure of this strategy and also shedding some light on new directions to design scaffolds for promoting regenerative responses via autologous stem cells. The first half of this review summarizes the influence of scaffold physical and chemical properties on immune cell responses to scaffold implants. The second half focuses on the influence of scaffold design to alter immune and stem cell responses for achieving desirable tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Nair
- Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390.
| | - Liping Tang
- Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390; Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Julier Z, Park AJ, Briquez PS, Martino MM. Promoting tissue regeneration by modulating the immune system. Acta Biomater 2017; 53:13-28. [PMID: 28119112 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The immune system plays a central role in tissue repair and regeneration. Indeed, the immune response to tissue injury is crucial in determining the speed and the outcome of the healing process, including the extent of scarring and the restoration of organ function. Therefore, controlling immune components via biomaterials and drug delivery systems is becoming an attractive approach in regenerative medicine, since therapies based on stem cells and growth factors have not yet proven to be broadly effective in the clinic. To integrate the immune system into regenerative strategies, one of the first challenges is to understand the precise functions of the different immune components during the tissue healing process. While remarkable progress has been made, the immune mechanisms involved are still elusive, and there is indication for both negative and positive roles depending on the tissue type or organ and life stage. It is well recognized that the innate immune response comprising danger signals, neutrophils and macrophages modulates tissue healing. In addition, it is becoming evident that the adaptive immune response, in particular T cell subset activities, plays a critical role. In this review, we first present an overview of the basic immune mechanisms involved in tissue repair and regeneration. Then, we highlight various approaches based on biomaterials and drug delivery systems that aim at modulating these mechanisms to limit fibrosis and promote regeneration. We propose that the next generation of regenerative therapies may evolve from typical biomaterial-, stem cell-, or growth factor-centric approaches to an immune-centric approach. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Most regenerative strategies have not yet proven to be safe or reasonably efficient in the clinic. In addition to stem cells and growth factors, the immune system plays a crucial role in the tissue healing process. Here, we propose that controlling the immune-mediated mechanisms of tissue repair and regeneration may support existing regenerative strategies or could be an alternative to using stem cells and growth factors. The first part of this review we highlight key immune mechanisms involved in the tissue healing process and marks them as potential target for designing regenerative strategies. In the second part, we discuss various approaches using biomaterials and drug delivery systems that aim at modulating the components of the immune system to promote tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Julier
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Anthony J Park
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Priscilla S Briquez
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mikaël M Martino
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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A Hyper-Crosslinked Carbohydrate Polymer Scaffold Facilitates Lineage Commitment and Maintains a Reserve Pool of Proliferating Cardiovascular Progenitors. Transplant Direct 2017; 3:e153. [PMID: 28573188 PMCID: PMC5441984 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000000667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular progenitor cells (CPCs) have been cultured on various scaffolds to resolve the challenge of cell retention after transplantation and to improve functional outcome after cell-based cardiac therapy. Previous studies have reported successful culture of fully differentiated cardiomyocytes on scaffolds of various types, and ongoing efforts are focused on optimizing the mix of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells as well as on the identification of a source of progenitors capable of reversing cardiovascular damage. A scaffold culture that fosters cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells while maintaining a progenitor reserve would benefit allogeneic cell transplantation. Methods Isl-1 + c-Kit + CPCs were isolated as clonal populations from human and sheep heart tissue. After hyper-crosslinked carbohydrate polymer scaffold culture, cells were assessed for differentiation, intracellular signaling, cell cycling, and growth factor/chemokine expression using real time polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and calcium staining. Results Insulin-like growth factor 1, hepatocyte growth factor, and stromal cell derived factor 1α paracrine factors were induced, protein kinase B signaling was activated, extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation was reduced and differentiation into both cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells was induced by scaffold-based cell culture. Interestingly, movement of CPCs out of the G1 phase of the cell cycle and increased expression of pluripotency genes PLOU5F1 (Oct4) and T (Brachyury) within a portion of the cultured population occurred, which suggests the maintenance of a progenitor population. Two-color immunostaining and 3-color fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis confirmed the presence of both Isl-1 expressing undifferentiated cells and differentiated cells identified by troponin T and von Willebrand factor expression. Ki-67 labeling verified the presence of proliferating cells that remained in situ alongside the differentiated functional derivatives. Conclusions Cloned Isl-1 + c-kit + CPCs maintained on a hyper-cross linked polymer scaffold retain dual potential for proliferation and differentiation, providing a scaffold-based stem cell source for transplantation of committed and proliferating cardiovascular progenitors for functional testing in preclinical models of cell-based repair.
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Xu HL, Yu WZ, Lu CT, Li XK, Zhao YZ. Delivery of growth factor-based therapeutics in vascular diseases: Challenges and strategies. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [PMID: 28296342 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201600243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Either cardiovascular or peripheral vascular diseases have become the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, growth factors therapeutics, whatever administrated in form of exogenous growth factors or their relevant genes have been discovered to be an effective strategy for the prevention and therapy of vascular diseases, because of their promoting angiogenesis. Besides, as an alternative, stem cell-based therapy has been also developed in view of their paracrine-mediated effect or ability of differentiation toward angiogenesis-related cells under assistance of growth factors. Despite of being specific and potent, no matter growth factors or stem cells-based therapy, their full clinical transformation is limited from bench to bedside. In this review, the potential choices of therapeutic modes based on types of different growth factors or stem cells were firstly summarized for vascular diseases. The confronted various challenges such as lack of non-invasive delivery method, the physiochemical challenge, the short half-life time, and poor cell survival, were carefully analyzed for these therapeutic modes. Various strategies to overcome these limitations are put forward from the perspective of drug delivery. The expertised design of a suitable delivery form will undoubtedly provide valuable insight into their clinical application in the regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Lin Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Ze Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cui-Tao Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Kun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Science by Wenzhou University & Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying-Zheng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
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Takayama T, Dai J, Tachi K, Shohara R, Kasai H, Imamura K, Yamano S. The potential of stromal cell-derived factor-1 delivery using a collagen membrane for bone regeneration. J Biomater Appl 2017; 31:1049-1061. [PMID: 28056602 DOI: 10.1177/0885328216686727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a cytokine that is important in stem and progenitor cell recruitment in tissue repair after injury. Regenerative procedures using collagen membranes (CMs) are presently well established in periodontal and implant dentistry. The objective of this study is to test the subsequent effects of the released SDF-1 from a CM on bone regeneration compared to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in vitro and in vivo. For in vitro studies, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and osteoblastic differentiation marker genes were assessed after MC3T3-E1 mouse preosteoblasts were cultured with CMs containing factors. In vivo effects were investigated by placement of CMs containing SDF-1 or PDGF using a rat mandibular bone defect model. At 4 weeks after the surgery, the new bone formation was measured using micro-computed tomography (µCT) and histological analysis. The results of in vitro studies revealed that CM delivery of SDF-1 significantly induced cell proliferation, ALP activity, and gene expression of all osteogenic markers compared to the CM alone or control, similar to PDGF. Quantitative and qualitative µCT analysis for volume of new bone formation and the percentage of new bone area showed that SDF-1-treated groups significantly increased and accelerated bone regeneration compared to control and CM alone. The enhancement of bone formation in SDF-1-treated animals was dose-dependent and with levels similar to those measured with PDGF. These results suggest that a CM with SDF-1 may be a great candidate for growth factor delivery that could be a substitute for PDGF in clinical procedures where bone regeneration is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Takayama
- 1 Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,2 Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jisen Dai
- 3 Mouse Genotyping Core, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Keita Tachi
- 4 Department of Prosthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryutaro Shohara
- 4 Department of Prosthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hironori Kasai
- 4 Department of Prosthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kentaro Imamura
- 4 Department of Prosthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seiichi Yamano
- 4 Department of Prosthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
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Rybalko VY, Pham CB, Hsieh PL, Hammers DW, Merscham-Banda M, Suggs LJ, Farrar RP. Controlled delivery of SDF-1α and IGF-1: CXCR4(+) cell recruitment and functional skeletal muscle recovery. Biomater Sci 2017; 3:1475-86. [PMID: 26247892 DOI: 10.1039/c5bm00233h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic delivery of regeneration-promoting biological factors directly to the site of injury has demonstrated its efficacy in various injury models. Several reports describe improved tissue regeneration following local injection of tissue specific growth factors, cytokines and chemokines. Evidence exists that combined cytokine/growth factor treatment is superior for optimizing tissue repair by targeting different aspects of the regeneration response. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of the controlled delivery of stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1α) alone or in combination with insulin-like growth factor-I (SDF-1α/IGF-I) for the treatment of tourniquet-induced ischemia/reperfusion injury (TK-I/R) of skeletal muscle. We hypothesized that SDF-1α will promote sustained stem cell recruitment to the site of muscle injury, while IGF-I will induce progenitor cell differentiation to effectively restore muscle contractile function after TK-I/R injury while concurrently reducing apoptosis. Utilizing a novel poly-ethylene glycol PEGylated fibrin gel matrix (PEG-Fib), we incorporated SDF-1α alone (PEG-Fib/SDF-1α) or in combination with IGF-I (PEG-Fib/SDF-1α/IGF-I) for controlled release at the site of acute muscle injury. Despite enhanced cell recruitment and revascularization of the regenerating muscle after SDF-1α treatment, functional analysis showed no benefit from PEG-Fib/SDF-1α therapy, while dual delivery of PEG-Fib/SDF-1α/IGF-I resulted in IGF-I-mediated improvement of maximal force recovery and SDF-1α-driven in vivo neovasculogenesis. Histological data supported functional data, as well as highlighted the important differences in the regeneration process among treatment groups. This study provides evidence that while revascularization may be necessary for maximizing muscle force recovery, without modulation of other effects of inflammation it is insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Y Rybalko
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station D3700, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Modification of Bone Marrow Stem Cells for Homing and Survival During Cerebral Ischemia. BONE MARROW STEM CELL THERAPY FOR STROKE 2017. [PMCID: PMC7121342 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-2929-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, major advances have been made in stem cell-based therapy for ischemic stroke, which is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Various stem cells from bone marrow, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), have shown therapeutic potential for stroke. Concomitant with these exciting findings are some fundamental bottlenecks that must be overcome in order to accelerate their clinical translation, including the low survival and engraftment caused by the harsh microenvironment after transplantation. In this chapter, strategies such as gene modification, hypoxia/growth factor preconditioning, and biomaterial-based methods to improve cell survival and homing are summarized, and the potential strategies for their future application are also discussed.
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Chung E, Rybalko VY, Hsieh P, Leal SL, Samano MA, Willauer AN, Stowers RS, Natesan S, Zamora DO, Christy RJ, Suggs LJ. Fibrin‐based stem cell containing scaffold improves the dynamics of burn wound healing. Wound Repair Regen 2016; 24:810-819. [DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunna Chung
- The University of Texas at AustinAustin Texas
- NCRICENYonsei UniversitySeoul South Korea
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Hatzistergos KE, Saur D, Seidler B, Balkan W, Breton M, Valasaki K, Takeuchi LM, Landin AM, Khan A, Hare JM. Stimulatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on cKit+ Cardiac Stem Cells Are Mediated by SDF1/CXCR4 and SCF/cKit Signaling Pathways. Circ Res 2016; 119:921-30. [PMID: 27481956 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.309281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Culture-expanded cells originating from cardiac tissue that express the cell surface receptor cKit are undergoing clinical testing as a cell source for heart failure and congenital heart disease. Although accumulating data support that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) enhance the efficacy of cardiac cKit(+) cells (CSCs), the underlying mechanism for this synergistic effect remains incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that MSCs stimulate endogenous CSCs to proliferate, migrate, and differentiate via the SDF1/CXCR4 and stem cell factor/cKit pathways. METHODS AND RESULTS Using genetic lineage-tracing approaches, we show that in the postnatal murine heart, cKit(+) cells proliferate, migrate, and form cardiomyocytes, but not endothelial cells. CSCs exhibit marked chemotactic and proliferative responses when cocultured with MSCs but not with cardiac stromal cells. Antagonism of the CXCR4 pathway with AMD3100 (an SDF1/CXCR4 antagonist) inhibited MSC-induced CSC chemotaxis but stimulated CSC cardiomyogenesis (P<0.0001). Furthermore, MSCs enhanced CSC proliferation via the stem cell factor/cKit and SDF1/CXCR4 pathways (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Together these findings show that MSCs exhibit profound, yet differential, effects on CSC migration, proliferation, and differentiation and suggest a mechanism underlying the improved cardiac regeneration associated with combination therapy using CSCs and MSCs. These findings have important therapeutic implications for cell-based therapy strategies that use mixtures of CSCs and MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos E Hatzistergos
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL (K.E.H., W.B., M.B., K.V., L.M.T., A.M.L., A.K., J.M.H.); Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany (D.S., B.S.); and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany (D.S., B.S.)
| | - Dieter Saur
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL (K.E.H., W.B., M.B., K.V., L.M.T., A.M.L., A.K., J.M.H.); Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany (D.S., B.S.); and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany (D.S., B.S.)
| | - Barbara Seidler
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL (K.E.H., W.B., M.B., K.V., L.M.T., A.M.L., A.K., J.M.H.); Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany (D.S., B.S.); and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany (D.S., B.S.)
| | - Wayne Balkan
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL (K.E.H., W.B., M.B., K.V., L.M.T., A.M.L., A.K., J.M.H.); Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany (D.S., B.S.); and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany (D.S., B.S.)
| | - Matthew Breton
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL (K.E.H., W.B., M.B., K.V., L.M.T., A.M.L., A.K., J.M.H.); Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany (D.S., B.S.); and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany (D.S., B.S.)
| | - Krystalenia Valasaki
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL (K.E.H., W.B., M.B., K.V., L.M.T., A.M.L., A.K., J.M.H.); Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany (D.S., B.S.); and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany (D.S., B.S.)
| | - Lauro M Takeuchi
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL (K.E.H., W.B., M.B., K.V., L.M.T., A.M.L., A.K., J.M.H.); Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany (D.S., B.S.); and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany (D.S., B.S.)
| | - Ana Marie Landin
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL (K.E.H., W.B., M.B., K.V., L.M.T., A.M.L., A.K., J.M.H.); Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany (D.S., B.S.); and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany (D.S., B.S.)
| | - Aisha Khan
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL (K.E.H., W.B., M.B., K.V., L.M.T., A.M.L., A.K., J.M.H.); Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany (D.S., B.S.); and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany (D.S., B.S.)
| | - Joshua M Hare
- From the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL (K.E.H., W.B., M.B., K.V., L.M.T., A.M.L., A.K., J.M.H.); Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany (D.S., B.S.); and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany (D.S., B.S.).
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Zhu Y, Hoshi R, Chen S, Yi J, Duan C, Galiano RD, Zhang HF, Ameer GA. Sustained release of stromal cell derived factor-1 from an antioxidant thermoresponsive hydrogel enhances dermal wound healing in diabetes. J Control Release 2016; 238:114-122. [PMID: 27473766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a severe complication of diabetes mellitus. Altered cell migration due to microcirculatory deficiencies as well as excessive and prolonged reactive oxygen species production are implicated in the delayed healing of DFUs. The goal of this research was to assess whether sustained release of SDF-1, a chemokine that promotes endothelial progenitor cell homing and angiogenesis, from a citrate-based antioxidant thermoresponsive polymer would significantly improve impaired dermal wound healing in diabetes. Poly (polyethylene glycol citrate-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) (PPCN) was synthesized via sequential polycondensation and free radical polymerization reactions. SDF-1 was entrapped via gelation of the PPCN+SDF-1 solution above its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and its release and bioactivity was measured. The effect of sustained release of SDF-1 from PPCN (PPCN+SDF-1) versus a bolus application of SDF-1 in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) on wound healing was evaluated in a diabetic murine splinted excisional dermal wound model using gross observation, histology, immunohistochemistry, and optical coherence tomography microangiography. Increasing PPCN concentration decreased SDF-1 release rate. The time to 50% wound closure was 11days, 16days, 14days, and 17days for wounds treated with PPCN+SDF-1, SDF-1 only, PPCN only, and PBS, respectively. Wounds treated with PPCN+SDF-1 had the shortest time for complete healing (24days) and exhibited accelerated granulation tissue production, epithelial maturation, and the highest density of perfused blood vessels. In conclusion, sustained release of SDF-1 from PPCN is a promising and easy to use therapeutic strategy to improve the treatment of chronic non-healing DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Zhu
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Ryan Hoshi
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Siyu Chen
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Ji Yi
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Chongwen Duan
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Robert D Galiano
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hao F Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Guillermo A Ameer
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States; Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Simpson-Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.
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Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase and Protein Kinase C Signaling Pathways Are Involved in Stromal Cell-derived Factor-1α-mediated Transmigration of Stem Cells from Apical Papilla. J Endod 2016; 42:1076-81. [PMID: 27246650 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previously, we have shown that stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) can be chemoattracted by stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α). The purpose of this study was to investigate the intracellular signaling pathways involved in SDF-1α-mediated migration of SCAPs. METHODS Chemotaxis assays were performed to assess the effect of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathways in the SDF-1α-mediated migration of SCAPs using inhibitors of PI3K (LY294002) or PKC (GF109203X). The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay (Dojindo Laboratories, Kumamoto, Japan) was used to evaluate the effect of the inhibitors on the proliferation of SCAPs. The expression of focal adhesion-related proteins was examined by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis. Phosphorylation of PI3K subunit p85 and PKC after SDF-1α induction was evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS The inhibition of PI3K or PKC signaling pathways significantly reduced SDF-1α-mediated migration of SCAPs. The inhibitors had no effect on the proliferation of SCAPs. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that SDF-1α stimulated focal adhesion formation and stress fiber assembly in SCAPs, in addition to up-regulation of the expression of focal adhesion molecules, including p-focal adhesion kinase, p-paxillin, and vinculin. Pretreatment with PI3K or PKC inhibitors before SDF-1α induction significantly inhibited focal adhesion molecule expression. Moreover, increased phosphorylation of p85 and PKC were observed after SDF-1α stimulation, whereas these phosphorylations were down-regulated by the inhibition of PI3K or PKC signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS PI3K and PKC signaling pathways appear to be required for SDF-1α-mediated transmigration of SCAPs. These findings provide insights into the signaling mechanisms that underlie SDF-1α-mediated migration of SCAPs.
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Awada HK, Johnson LA, Hitchens TK, Foley LM, Wang Y. Factorial Design of Experiments to Optimize Multiple Protein Delivery for Cardiac Repair. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:879-886. [PMID: 33440484 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cardiovascular disease responsible for millions of deaths annually. Protein therapies can potentially repair and regenerate the infarcted myocardium. However, because of the short half-lives of proteins in vivo, their low retention at the target tissue, and the lack of spatiotemporal cues upon injection, the efficacy of protein therapy can be limited. This efficacy can be improved by utilizing controlled release systems to overcome shortcomings associated with a direct bolus injection. Equally important is the determination of an optimal combination of different proteins having distinct roles in cardiac function and repairs to prevent or reverse the multiple pathologies that develop after infarction. In this work, we used a rat MI model to test a combination of potentially complementary proteins: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP-3), interleukin-10 (IL-10), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), and stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1α). To achieve controlled and timed release of the proteins per their physiologic cues during proper tissue repair, we used a fibrin gel-coacervate composite. TIMP-3 and IL-10 were encapsulated in fibrin gel to offer early release, while FGF-2 and SDF-1α were encapsulated in heparin-based coacervates and distributed in the same fibrin gel to offer sustained release. We utilized a powerful statistical tool, factorial design of experiments (DOE), to refine this protein combination based on its improvement of ejection fraction 4 weeks after MI. We found that TIMP-3, FGF-2, and SDF-1α demonstrated significant contributions toward improving the ejection fraction, while the IL-10's effect was insignificant. The results also suggested that the higher doses tested for TIMP-3, FGF-2, and SDF-1α had greater benefit on function than lower doses and that there existed slight antagonism between TIMP-3 and FGF-2. Taken together, we conclude that factorial DOE can guide the evolution of multiple protein therapies in a small number of runs, saving time, money, and resources for finding the optimal dose and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louis A Johnson
- SnapDat Inc., 733 West Foster Avenue, State College, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
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Awada HK, Hwang MP, Wang Y. Towards comprehensive cardiac repair and regeneration after myocardial infarction: Aspects to consider and proteins to deliver. Biomaterials 2016; 82:94-112. [PMID: 26757257 PMCID: PMC4872516 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. After the onset of myocardial infarction, many pathological changes take place and progress the disease towards heart failure. Pathologies such as ischemia, inflammation, cardiomyocyte death, ventricular remodeling and dilation, and interstitial fibrosis, develop and involve the signaling of many proteins. Proteins can play important roles in limiting or countering pathological changes after infarction. However, they typically have short half-lives in vivo in their free form and can benefit from the advantages offered by controlled release systems to overcome their challenges. The controlled delivery of an optimal combination of proteins per their physiologic spatiotemporal cues to the infarcted myocardium holds great potential to repair and regenerate the heart. The effectiveness of therapeutic interventions depends on the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of the cargo proteins and the spatiotemporal control of their release. It is likely that multiple proteins will provide a more comprehensive and functional recovery of the heart in a controlled release strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan K Awada
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Mintai P Hwang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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Spiller KL, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Clinical translation of controlled protein delivery systems for tissue engineering. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2016; 5:101-15. [PMID: 25787736 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-013-0135-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Strategies that utilize controlled release of drugs and proteins for tissue engineering have enormous potential to regenerate damaged organs and tissues. The multiple advantages of controlled release strategies merit overcoming the significant challenges to translation, including high costs and long, difficult regulatory pathways. This review highlights the potential of controlled release of proteins for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. We specifically discuss treatment modalities that have reached preclinical and clinical trials, with emphasis on controlled release systems for bone tissue engineering, the most advanced application with several products already in clinic. Possible strategies to address translational and regulatory concerns are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara L Spiller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street Vanderbilt Clinic 12-234, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Perea-Gil I, Prat-Vidal C, Bayes-Genis A. In vivo experience with natural scaffolds for myocardial infarction: the times they are a-changin'. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:248. [PMID: 26670389 PMCID: PMC4681026 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0237-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Treating a myocardial infarction (MI), the most frequent cause of death worldwide, remains one of the most exciting medical challenges in the 21st century. Cardiac tissue engineering, a novel emerging treatment, involves the use of therapeutic cells supported by a scaffold for regenerating the infarcted area. It is essential to select the appropriate scaffold material; the ideal one should provide a suitable cellular microenvironment, mimic the native myocardium, and allow mechanical and electrical coupling with host tissues. Among available scaffold materials, natural scaffolds are preferable for achieving these purposes because they possess myocardial extracellular matrix properties and structures. Here, we review several natural scaffolds for applications in MI management, with a focus on pre-clinical studies and clinical trials performed to date. We also evaluate scaffolds combined with different cell types and proteins for their ability to promote improved heart function, contractility and neovascularization, and attenuate adverse ventricular remodeling. Although further refinement is necessary in the coming years, promising results indicate that natural scaffolds may be a valuable translational therapeutic option with clinical impact in MI repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Perea-Gil
- ICREC (Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration) Research Lab, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP). Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Prat-Vidal
- ICREC (Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration) Research Lab, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP). Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- ICREC (Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration) Research Lab, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP). Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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Integration of mesenchymal stem cells with nanobiomaterials for the repair of myocardial infarction. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 95:15-28. [PMID: 26390936 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The integration of nanobiomaterials with stem cells represents a promising strategy for the treatment of myocardial infarction. While stem cells and nanobiomaterials each demonstrated partial success in cardiac repair individually, the therapeutic efficacy of the clinical settings for each of these has been low. Hence, a combination of nanobiomaterials with stem cells is vigorously studied to create synergistic effects for treating myocardial infarction. To date, various types of nanomaterials have been incorporated with stem cells to control cell fate, modulate the therapeutic behavior of stem cells, and make them more suitable for cardiac repair. Here, we review the current stem cell therapies for cardiac repair and describe the combinatorial approaches of using nanobiomaterials and stem cells to improve therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of myocardial infarction.
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Laiva AL, Venugopal JR, Navaneethan B, Karuppuswamy P, Ramakrishna S. Biomimetic approaches for cell implantation to the restoration of infarcted myocardium. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:2907-30. [PMID: 26371367 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidences accumulated over the years have proven stem cells as a promising source for regenerative medicine. However, the inadequacy with the design of delivery modalities has prolonged the research in realizing an ideal cell-based approach for the regeneration of infarcted myocardium. Currently, some modest improvements in cardiac function have been documented in clinical trials with stem cell treatments, although regenerating a fully functional myocardium remains a dream for cardiac surgeons. This review provides an overview on the significance of stem cell therapy, the current attempts to resolve the drawbacks with the cell implantation approach and the various stratagems adopted with electrospun hybrid nanofibers for implementation in myocardial regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashang Luwang Laiva
- Center for Nanofibers & Nanotechnology, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Initiative, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E3, #05-12, 2 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576.,Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Noida, UP, India
| | - Jayarama Reddy Venugopal
- Center for Nanofibers & Nanotechnology, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Initiative, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E3, #05-12, 2 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576
| | - Balchandar Navaneethan
- Center for Nanofibers & Nanotechnology, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Initiative, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E3, #05-12, 2 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576
| | - Priyadharsini Karuppuswamy
- Center for Nanofibers & Nanotechnology, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Initiative, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E3, #05-12, 2 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers & Nanotechnology, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Initiative, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E3, #05-12, 2 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Cell therapy can be administered via injections delivered directly into the myocardium or as engineered cardiac tissue patches, which are the subject of this review. Engineered cardiac patches can be created from sheets of interconnected cells or by suspending the cells in a scaffold of material that is designed to mimic the native extracellular matrix. The sheet-based approach produces patches with well-aligned and electronically coupled cardiomyocytes, but cell-containing scaffolds are more readily vascularized by the host's circulatory system and, consequently, are currently more suitable for applications that require a thicker patch. Cell patches can also be modified for the co-delivery of peptides that may promote cell survival and activate endogenous repair mechanisms; nevertheless, techniques for controlling inflammation, limiting apoptosis, and improving vascular growth need continue to be developed to make it a therapeutic modality for patients with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Zhang
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA,
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CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 Is Expressed Paravascularly in Apical Papilla and Coordinates with Stromal Cell-derived Factor-1α during Transmigration of Stem Cells from Apical Papilla. J Endod 2015; 41:1430-6. [PMID: 26003008 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) at the apex may be attracted into the root canal space as a cell source for pulp-dentin regeneration. To test this possibility, we used in vitro transmigration models to investigate whether SCAPs can be chemoattracted by the delivery of the chemotactic cytokine stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α). METHODS We first examined the expression of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) for SDF-1α in the apical papilla and in cultured SCAPs using immunofluorescence, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and flow cytometric analyses. A standard Transwell migration assay and a 3-dimensional cell migration assay were used to analyze transmigration of SCAPs via the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis. RESULTS CXCR4 was expressed in the paravascular region of the apical papilla and detected in SCAP cultures. Most cultured SCAPs harbored intracellular CXCR4 (58%-99%, n = 4), whereas only a few cells had detectable CXCR4 on the cell surface (0.3%-2.34%, n = 4). Although SDF-1α had no significant effect on SCAP proliferation, it significantly promoted a higher number of migrated cells; this effect was abolished by anti-CXCR4 antibodies. Interestingly, cell surface CXCR4 on SCAPs was not detectable until after transmigration. The 3-dimensional migration assay revealed that SDF-1α significantly enhanced SCAP migration in the collagen gel. CONCLUSIONS SCAPs can be chemoattracted via the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis, suggesting that SDF-1α may be used clinically to induce CXCR4-expressing SCAPs in the apical papilla to transmigrate into the root canal space as an endogenous cell source for pulp regeneration.
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Leite CF, Almeida TR, Lopes CS, Dias da Silva VJ. Multipotent stem cells of the heart-do they have therapeutic promise? Front Physiol 2015; 6:123. [PMID: 26005421 PMCID: PMC4424849 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The last decade has brought a comprehensive change in our view of cardiac remodeling processes under both physiological and pathological conditions, and cardiac stem cells have become important new players in the general mainframe of cardiac homeostasis. Different types of cardiac stem cells show different capacities for differentiation into the three major cardiac lineages: myocytes, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Physiologically, cardiac stem cells contribute to cardiac homeostasis through continual cellular turnover. Pathologically, these cells exhibit a high level of proliferative activity in an apparent attempt to repair acute cardiac injury, indicating that these cells possess (albeit limited) regenerative potential. In addition to cardiac stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells represent another multipotent cell population in the heart; these cells are located in regions near pericytes and exhibit regenerative, angiogenic, antiapoptotic, and immunosuppressive properties. The discovery of these resident cardiac stem cells was followed by a number of experimental studies in animal models of cardiomyopathies, in which cardiac stem cells were tested as a therapeutic option to overcome the limited transdifferentiating potential of hematopoietic or mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow. The promising results of these studies prompted clinical studies of the role of these cells, which have demonstrated the safety and practicability of cellular therapies for the treatment of heart disease. However, questions remain regarding this new therapeutic approach. Thus, the aim of the present review was to discuss the multitude of different cardiac stem cells that have been identified, their possible functional roles in the cardiac regenerative process, and their potential therapeutic uses in treating cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila F Leite
- Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Physiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological and Natural Sciences, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Thalles R Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Physiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological and Natural Sciences, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Carolina S Lopes
- Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Physiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological and Natural Sciences, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Valdo J Dias da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Physiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological and Natural Sciences, Triângulo Mineiro Federal University Uberaba, Brazil
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Nigro P, Perrucci GL, Gowran A, Zanobini M, Capogrossi MC, Pompilio G. c-kit(+) cells: the tell-tale heart of cardiac regeneration? Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:1725-40. [PMID: 25575564 PMCID: PMC11113938 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1832-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. Although ongoing therapeutic strategies ameliorate symptoms and prolong life for patients with cardiovascular diseases, they do not solve the critical issue related to the loss of cardiac tissue. Accordingly, stem/progenitor cell therapy has emerged as a paramount approach for cardiac repair and regeneration. In this regard, c-kit(+) cells have animated much interest and controversy. These cells are self-renewing, clonogenic, and multipotent and display a noteworthy potential to differentiate into all cardiovascular lineages. However, their functional contribution to cardiomyocyte turnover is one of the centrally debated issues concerning their regenerative potential. Regardless, plentiful preclinical and clinical studies have been conducted which provide evidence for the capacity of c-kit(+) cells to improve cardiac function. The purpose of this review is to give a comprehensive, impartial, critical description and evaluation of the literature on c-kit(+) cells from bench to bedside in order to address their true potential, benefits and controversies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Nigro
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, Via Parea 4, 20138, Milan, Italy,
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Liu H, Li M, Du L, Yang P, Ge S. Local administration of stromal cell-derived factor-1 promotes stem cell recruitment and bone regeneration in a rat periodontal bone defect model. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 53:83-94. [PMID: 26042694 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) recruits adult stem/progenitor cells via its specific receptor, C-X-C motif receptor 4 (CXCR4), to promote heart, kidney and tendon regeneration, but little is known about the effects of SDF-1 on bone regeneration in periodontal diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate whether local administration of SDF-1 in a collagen membrane scaffold enhanced the recruitment of host stem cells and improved periodontal bone defect repair. To this end, bone defects were established on the buccal side of bilateral mandibles in Wistar rats. After application of collagen membranes loaded with SDF-1 or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) to the defects, the effects of SDF-1 on stem cell recruitment, inflammatory cell responses, angiogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, scaffold degradation, and bone regeneration were evaluated. It showed that SDF-1 recruited host-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells to the wound area and significantly reduced the CD11b+ inflammatory cell response. Moreover, SDF-1 increased vascular formation, induced early bone osteoclastogenesis, accelerated scaffold degradation, and promoted the quality and quantity of regenerated bone. Our results suggest that this cell-free approach by local administration of SDF-1 may be an effective strategy for development as a simple and safe technique for periodontal bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Minqi Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lingqian Du
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Department of Stomatology, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Pishan Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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Pascual-Gil S, Garbayo E, Díaz-Herráez P, Prosper F, Blanco-Prieto M. Heart regeneration after myocardial infarction using synthetic biomaterials. J Control Release 2015; 203:23-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Popova TG, Teunis A, Magni R, Luchini A, Espina V, Liotta LA, Popov SG. Chemokine-Releasing Nanoparticles for Manipulation of Lymph Node Microenvironment. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 5:298-320. [PMID: 25878893 PMCID: PMC4394634 DOI: 10.3390/nano5010298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines (CKs) secreted by the host cells into surrounding tissue establish concentration gradients directing the migration of leukocytes. We propose an in vivo CK gradient remodeling approach based on sustained release of CKs by the crosslinked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel open meshwork nano-particles (NPs) containing internal crosslinked dye affinity baits for a reversible CK binding and release. The sustained release is based on a new principle of affinity off-rate tuning. The NPs with Cibacron Blue F3G-A and Reactive Blue-4 baits demonstrated a low-micromolar affinity binding to IL-8, MIP-2, and MCP-1 with a half-life of several hours at 37°C. The capacity of NPs loaded with IL-8 and MIP-1α to increase neutrophil recruitment to lymph nodes (LNs) was tested in mice after footpad injection. Fluorescently-labeled NPs used as tracers indicated the delivery into the sub-capsular compartment of draining LNs. The animals administered the CK-loaded NPs demonstrated a widening of the sub-capsular space and a strong lymph node influx of leukocytes, while mice injected with control NPs without CKs or bolus doses of soluble CKs alone showed only a marginal neutrophil response. This technology provides a new means therapeutically direct or restore immune cell traffic, and can also be employed for simultaneous therapy delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taissia G. Popova
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; E-Mails: (T.G.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (A.L.); (V.E.); (L.A.L.)
| | - Allison Teunis
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; E-Mails: (T.G.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (A.L.); (V.E.); (L.A.L.)
| | - Ruben Magni
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; E-Mails: (T.G.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (A.L.); (V.E.); (L.A.L.)
| | - Alessandra Luchini
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; E-Mails: (T.G.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (A.L.); (V.E.); (L.A.L.)
| | - Virginia Espina
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; E-Mails: (T.G.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (A.L.); (V.E.); (L.A.L.)
| | - Lance A. Liotta
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; E-Mails: (T.G.P.); (A.T.); (R.M.); (A.L.); (V.E.); (L.A.L.)
| | - Serguei G. Popov
- National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
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Ghasemzadeh N, Hritani AW, De Staercke C, Eapen DJ, Veledar E, Al Kassem H, Khayata M, Zafari AM, Sperling L, Hooper C, Vaccarino V, Mavromatis K, Quyyumi AA. Plasma stromal cell-derived factor 1α/CXCL12 level predicts long-term adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2015; 238:113-8. [PMID: 25461737 PMCID: PMC4721225 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.10.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stromal derived factor-1α/CXCL12 is a chemoattractant responsible for homing of progenitor cells to ischemic tissues. We aimed to investigate the association of plasma CXCL12 with long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS 785 patients aged: 63 ± 12 undergoing coronary angiography were independently enrolled into discovery (N = 186) and replication (N = 599) cohorts. Baseline levels of plasma CXCL12 were measured using Quantikine CXCL12 ELISA assay (R&D systems). Patients were followed for cardiovascular death and/or myocardial infarction (MI) for a mean of 2.6 yrs. Cox proportional hazard was used to determine independent predictors of cardiovascular death/MI. RESULTS The incidence of cardiovascular death/MI was 13% (N = 99). High CXCL12 level based on best discriminatory threshold derived from the ROC analysis predicted risk of cardiovascular death/MI (HR = 4.81, p = 1 × 10(-6)) independent of traditional risk factors in the pooled cohort. Addition of CXCL12 to a baseline model was associated with a significant improvement in c-statistic (AUC: 0.67-0.73, p = 0.03). Addition of CXCL12 was associated with correct risk reclassification of 40% of events and 10.5% of non-events. Similarly for the outcome of cardiovascular death, the addition of the CXCL12 to the baseline model was associated with correct reclassification of 20.7% of events and 9% of non-events. These results were replicated in two independent cohorts. CONCLUSION Plasma CXCL12 level is a strong independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CAD and improves risk reclassification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Danny J Eapen
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emir Veledar
- Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - A Maziar Zafari
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | | | - Craig Hooper
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kreton Mavromatis
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
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Ye L, Basu J, Zhang J. Fabrication of a myocardial patch with cells differentiated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1299:103-14. [PMID: 25836578 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2572-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of cardiovascular disease represents a significant and growing health-care challenge to the developed and developing world. The ability of native heart muscle to regenerate in response to myocardial infarct is minimal. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches represent one promising response to this difficulty. Here, we present methods for the construction of a cell-seeded cardiac patch with the potential to promote regenerative outcomes in heart muscle with damage secondary to myocardial infarct. This method leverages iPS cells and a fibrin-based scaffold to create a simple and commercially viable tissue-engineered cardiac patch. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can, in principle, be differentiated into cells of any lineage. However, most of the protocols used to generate hiPSC-derived endothelial cells (ECs) and cardiomyocytes (CMs) are unsatisfactory because the yield and phenotypic stability of the hiPSC-ECs are low, and the hiPSC-CMs are often purified via selection for expression of a promoter-reporter construct. In this chapter, we describe an hiPSC-EC differentiation protocol that generates large numbers of stable ECs and an hiPSC-CM differentiation protocol that does not require genetic manipulation, single-cell selection, or sorting with fluorescent dyes or other reagents. We also provide a simple but effective method that can be used to combine hiPSC-ECs and hiPSC-CMs with hiPSC-derived smooth muscle cells to engineer a contracting patch of cardiac cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ye
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, MMC 508, 420 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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