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Fernández-Galiana Á, Bibikova O, Vilms Pedersen S, Stevens MM. Fundamentals and Applications of Raman-Based Techniques for the Design and Development of Active Biomedical Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2210807. [PMID: 37001970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is an analytical method based on light-matter interactions that can interrogate the vibrational modes of matter and provide representative molecular fingerprints. Mediated by its label-free, non-invasive nature, and high molecular specificity, Raman-based techniques have become ubiquitous tools for in situ characterization of materials. This review comprehensively describes the theoretical and practical background of Raman spectroscopy and its advanced variants. The numerous facets of material characterization that Raman scattering can reveal, including biomolecular identification, solid-to-solid phase transitions, and spatial mapping of biomolecular species in bioactive materials, are highlighted. The review illustrates the potential of these techniques in the context of active biomedical material design and development by highlighting representative studies from the literature. These studies cover the use of Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of both natural and synthetic biomaterials, including engineered tissue constructs, biopolymer systems, ceramics, and nanoparticle formulations, among others. To increase the accessibility and adoption of these techniques, the present review also provides the reader with practical recommendations on the integration of Raman techniques into the experimental laboratory toolbox. Finally, perspectives on how recent developments in plasmon- and coherently-enhanced Raman spectroscopy can propel Raman from underutilized to critical for biomaterial development are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Fernández-Galiana
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Olga Bibikova
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Simon Vilms Pedersen
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
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In-process monitoring of a tissue-engineered oral mucosa fabricated on a micropatterned collagen scaffold: use of optical coherence tomography for quality control. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Masson-Meyers DS, Bertassoni LE, Tayebi L. Oral mucosa equivalents, prevascularization approaches, and potential applications. Connect Tissue Res 2022; 63:514-529. [PMID: 35132918 PMCID: PMC9357199 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2035375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucosa equivalents (OMEs) have been used as in vitro models (eg, for studies of human oral mucosa biology and pathology, toxicological and pharmacological tests of oral care products), and clinically to treat oral defects. However, the human oral mucosa is a highly vascularized tissue and implantation of large OMEs can fail due to a lack of vascularization. To develop equivalents that better resemble the human oral mucosa and increase the success of implantation to repair large-sized defects, efforts have been made to prevascularize these constructs. PURPOSE The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the human oral mucosa structure, common approaches for its reconstruction, and the development of OMEs, their prevascularization, and in vitro and clinical potential applications. STUDY SELECTION Articles on non-prevascularized and prevascularized OMEs were included, since the development and applications of non-prevascularized OMEs are a foundation for the design, fabrication, and optimization of prevascularized OMEs. CONCLUSIONS Several studies have reported the development and in vitro and clinical applications of OMEs and only a few were found on prevascularized OMEs using different approaches of fabrication and incorporation of endothelial cells, indicating a lack of standardized protocols to obtain these equivalents. However, these studies have shown the feasibility of prevascularizing OMEs and their implantation in animal models resulted in enhanced integration and healing. Vascularization in tissue equivalents is still a challenge, and optimization of cell culture conditions, biomaterials, and fabrication techniques along with clinical studies is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz E. Bertassoni
- School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University. Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry. Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
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Chean KT, Aalinkeel R, Abbasi S, Sharikova AV, Schwartz SA, Khmaladze A, Mahajan SD. Raman spectroscopy based molecular signatures of methamphetamine and HIV induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 621:116-121. [PMID: 35820281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
METH and HIV Tat treatment results in increased oxidative stress which affects cellular metabolism and causes DNA damage in the treated microglia. Both, METH ± HIV Tat impair mitochondrial respiration, leading to dysfunction in bioenergetics and increased ROS in microglial cells. Our data indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction may be key to the METH and/or HIV Tat-induced neuropathology. METH and/or HIV Tat induced changes in the protein, lipid and nucleotide concentration in microglial cells were measured by Raman Spectroscopy, and we speculate that these fundamental molecular-cellular changes in microglial cells contribute to the neuropathology that is associated with METH abuse in HIV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoo Ting Chean
- Department of Physics, University at Albany SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Ravikumar Aalinkeel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo's Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Serfraz Abbasi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo's Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Anna V Sharikova
- Department of Physics, University at Albany SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Stanley A Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo's Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Alexander Khmaladze
- Department of Physics, University at Albany SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Supriya D Mahajan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo's Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.
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Hsiao CB, Bedi H, Gomez R, Khan A, Meciszewski T, Aalinkeel R, Khoo TC, Sharikova AV, Khmaladze A, Mahajan SD. Telomere Length Shortening in Microglia: Implication for Accelerated Senescence and Neurocognitive Deficits in HIV. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:721. [PMID: 34358137 PMCID: PMC8310244 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9070721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has led to the accelerated aging of the HIV-infected population, and these patients continue to have a range of mild to moderate HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Infection results in altered mitochondrial function. The HIV-1 viral protein Tat significantly alters mtDNA content and enhances oxidative stress in immune cells. Microglia are the immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that exhibit a significant mitotic potential and are thus susceptible to telomere shortening. HIV disrupts the normal interplay between microglia and neurons, thereby inducing neurodegeneration. HIV cART contributes to the inhibition of telomerase activity and premature telomere shortening in activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). However, limited information is available on the effect of cART on telomere length (TL) in microglia. Although it is well established that telomere shortening induces cell senescence and contributes to the development of age-related neuro-pathologies, the effect of HIV-Tat on telomere length in human microglial cells and its potential contribution to HAND are not well understood. It is speculated that in HAND intrinsic molecular mechanisms that control energy production underlie microglia-mediated neuronal injury. TL, telomerase and mtDNA expression were quantified in microglial cells using real time PCR. Cellular energetics were measured using the Seahorse assay. The changes in mitochondrial function were examined by Raman Spectroscopy. We have also examined TL in the PBMC obtained from HIV-1 infected rapid progressors (RP) on cART and those who were cART naïve, and observed a significant decrease in telomere length in RP on cART as compared to RP's who were cART naïve. We observed a significant decrease in telomerase activity, telomere length and mitochondrial function, and an increase in oxidative stress in human microglial cells treated with HIV Tat. Neurocognitive impairment in HIV disease may in part be due to accelerated neuro-pathogenesis in microglial cells, which is attributable to increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Bin Hsiao
- Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Drexel University, Positive Health Clinic, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA;
| | - Harneet Bedi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, University at Buffalo’s Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (H.B.); (R.G.); (A.K.); (T.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Raquel Gomez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, University at Buffalo’s Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (H.B.); (R.G.); (A.K.); (T.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Ayesha Khan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, University at Buffalo’s Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (H.B.); (R.G.); (A.K.); (T.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Taylor Meciszewski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, University at Buffalo’s Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (H.B.); (R.G.); (A.K.); (T.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Ravikumar Aalinkeel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, University at Buffalo’s Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (H.B.); (R.G.); (A.K.); (T.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Ting Chean Khoo
- Department of Physics, University at Albany SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA; (T.C.K.); (A.V.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Anna V. Sharikova
- Department of Physics, University at Albany SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA; (T.C.K.); (A.V.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Alexander Khmaladze
- Department of Physics, University at Albany SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA; (T.C.K.); (A.V.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Supriya D. Mahajan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, University at Buffalo’s Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (H.B.); (R.G.); (A.K.); (T.M.); (R.A.)
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Tubbesing K, Khoo TC, Bahreini Jangjoo S, Sharikova A, Barroso M, Khmaladze A. Iron-binding cellular profile of transferrin using label-free Raman hyperspectral imaging and singular value decomposition (SVD). Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:416-424. [PMID: 33930515 PMCID: PMC8667008 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Serum transferrin (Tf) is the essential iron transport protein in the body. Transferrin is responsible for the sequestration of free iron in serum and the delivery of iron throughout the body and into cells, where iron is released inside a mildly acidified endosome. Altered iron distributions are associated with diseases such as iron-overload, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. The presence of free iron is linked to deleterious redox reactions, inside and outside cells and organelles. As Tf iron release is pH dependent, any changes in intraorganelle and extracellular pH, often associated with disease progression, could inhibit normal iron delivery or accelerate iron release in the wrong compartment. However, imaging approaches to monitor changes in the iron-bound state of Tf are lacking. Recently, Raman spectroscopy has been shown to measure iron-bound forms of Tf in solution, intact cells and tissue samples. Here, a biochemical Raman assay has been developed to identify iron-release from Tf following modification of chemical environment. Quantitative singular value decomposition (SVD) method has been applied to discriminate between iron-bound Tf samples during endocytic trafficking in intact cancer cells subjected to Raman hyperspectral confocal imaging. We demonstrate the strength of the SVD method to monitor pH-induced Tf iron-release using Raman hyperspectral imaging, providing the redox biology field with a novel tool that facilitates subcellular investigation of the iron-binding profile of transferrin in various disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Tubbesing
- Physics Department, SUNY University at Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Ting Chean Khoo
- Physics Department, SUNY University at Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Shahab Bahreini Jangjoo
- Physics Department, SUNY University at Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Anna Sharikova
- Physics Department, SUNY University at Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Margarida Barroso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Alexander Khmaladze
- Physics Department, SUNY University at Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
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Masson-Meyers DS, Tayebi L. Vascularization strategies in tissue engineering approaches for soft tissue repair. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 15:747-762. [PMID: 34058083 DOI: 10.1002/term.3225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient vascularization during tissue repair is often associated with poor clinical outcomes. This is a concern especially when patients have critical-sized injuries, where the size of the defect restricts vascularity, or even in small defects that have to be treated under special conditions, such as after radiation therapy (relevant to tumor resection) that hinders vascularity. In fact, poor vascularization is one of the major obstacles for clinical application of tissue engineering methods in soft tissue repair. As a key issue, lack of graft integration, caused by inadequate vascularization after implantation, can lead to graft failure. Moreover, poor vascularization compromises the viability of cells seeded in deep portions of scaffolds/graft materials, due to hypoxia and insufficient nutrient supply. In this article we aim to review vascularization strategies employed in tissue engineering techniques to repair soft tissues. For this purpose, we start by providing a brief overview of the main events during the physiological wound healing process in soft tissues. Then, we discuss how tissue repair can be achieved through tissue engineering, and considerations with regards to the choice of scaffold materials, culture conditions, and vascularization techniques. Next, we highlight the importance of vascularization, along with strategies and methods of prevascularization of soft tissue equivalents, particularly cell-based prevascularization. Lastly, we present a summary of commonly used in vitro methods during the vascularization of tissue-engineered soft tissue constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Lloyd WR, Lee SY, Elahi SF, Chen LC, Kuo S, Kim HM, Marcelo C, Feinberg SE, Mycek MA. Noninvasive Optical Assessment of Implanted Tissue-Engineered Construct Success In Situ. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:287-295. [PMID: 33726570 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2021.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) was developed for label-free, noninvasive, and real-time assessment of implanted tissue-engineered devices manufactured from primary human oral keratinocytes (six batches in two 5-patient cohorts). Constructs were implanted in a murine model for 1 and 3 weeks. DRS evaluated construct success in situ using optical absorption (hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation, attributed to revascularization) and optical scattering (attributed to cellular density and layer thickness). Destructive pre- and postimplantation histology distinguished experimental control from stressed constructs, whereas noninvasive preimplantation measures of keratinocyte glucose consumption and residual glucose in spent culture media did not. In constructs implanted for 1 week, DRS distinguished control due to stressed and compromised from healthy constructs. In constructs implanted for 3 weeks, DRS identified constructs with higher postimplantation success. These results suggest that quantitative DRS is a promising, clinically compatible technology for rapid, noninvasive, and localized tissue assessment to characterize tissue-engineered construct success in vivo. Impact statement Despite the recent advance in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, there is still a lack of nondestructive tools to longitudinally monitor the implanted tissue-engineered devices. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of quantitative diffuse reflectance spectroscopy as a clinically viable technique for noninvasive, label-free, and rapid characterization of graft success in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Lloyd
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Seung Yup Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sakib F Elahi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Leng-Chun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shiuhyang Kuo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hyungjin Myra Kim
- Center for Statistical Consultation and Research, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Cynthia Marcelo
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephen E Feinberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mary-Ann Mycek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Zhou H, Simmons CS, Sarntinoranont M, Subhash G. Raman Spectroscopy Methods to Characterize the Mechanical Response of Soft Biomaterials. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3485-3497. [PMID: 32833438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy has been used extensively to characterize the influence of mechanical deformation on microstructure changes in biomaterials. While traditional piezo-spectroscopy has been successful in assessing internal stresses of hard biomaterials by tracking prominent peak shifts, peak shifts due to applied loads are near or below the resolution limit of the spectrometer for soft biomaterials with moduli in the kilo- to mega-Pascal range. In this Review, in addition to peak shifts, other spectral features (e.g., polarized intensity and intensity ratio) that provide quantitative assessments of microstructural orientation and secondary structure in soft biomaterials and their strain dependence are discussed. We provide specific examples for each method and classify sensitive Raman characteristic bands common across natural (e.g., soft tissue) and synthetic (e.g., polymeric scaffolds) soft biomaterials upon mechanical deformation. This Review can provide guidance for researchers aiming to analyze micromechanics of soft tissues and engineered tissue constructs by Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Chelsey S Simmons
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Malisa Sarntinoranont
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Ghatu Subhash
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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Khoo TC, Tubbesing K, Rudkouskaya A, Rajoria S, Sharikova A, Barroso M, Khmaladze A. Quantitative label-free imaging of iron-bound transferrin in breast cancer cells and tumors. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101617. [PMID: 32863219 PMCID: PMC7327243 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transferrin (Tf) is an essential serum protein which delivers iron throughout the body via transferrin-receptor (TfR)-mediated uptake and iron release in early endosomes. Currently, there is no robust method to assay the population of iron-bound Tf in intact cells and tissues. Raman hyperspectral imaging detected spectral peaks that correlated with iron-bound Tf in intact cells and tumor xenografts sections (~1270-1300 cm-1). Iron-bound (holo) and iron-free (apo) human Tf forms were endocytosed by MDAMB231 and T47D human breast cancer cells. The Raman iron-bound Tf peak was identified in cells treated with holo-Tf, but not in cells incubated with apo-Tf. A reduction in the Raman peak intensity between 5 and 30 min of Tf internalization was observed in T47D, but not in MDAMB231, suggesting that T47D can release iron from Tf more efficiently than MDAMB231. MDAMB231 may display a disrupted iron homeostasis due to iron release delays caused by alterations in the pH or ionic milieu of the early endosomes. In summary, we have demonstrated that Raman hyperspectral imaging can be used to identify iron-bound Tf in cell cultures and tumor xenografts and detect iron release behavior of Tf in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chean Khoo
- Physics Department, SUNY University at Albany, 1400, Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Kate Tubbesing
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Alena Rudkouskaya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Shilpi Rajoria
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Anna Sharikova
- Physics Department, SUNY University at Albany, 1400, Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Margarida Barroso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
| | - Alexander Khmaladze
- Physics Department, SUNY University at Albany, 1400, Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, USA.
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Sharikova A, Peerzada L, Pisila K, Khoo TC, Cherkinsky A, Khmaladze A. Raman Spectroscopy Allows for the Determination of Elephant Ivory Age. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 74:940-947. [PMID: 32383405 DOI: 10.1177/0003702820930037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Determination of the age of ivory is important for controlling illegal trafficking and the proper identification of ivory artifacts. Radiocarbon dating is the standard method of determining the age of ivories; however, it requires the destruction of a fragment of the sample. Raman spectroscopy is a nondestructive technique, and therefore can be used on artwork. Moreover, Raman measurements can be done using a portable system, and the data analysis can be performed on the spot once the groundwork is done. Ivories contain two primary components: collagen and bioapatite. Raman spectrum of ivory material is mainly a sum of the vibrational bands of these components. As collagen deteriorates with time, its Raman signal decreases; therefore, the ratio of collagen to bioapatite peaks is smaller in the older samples compared to the younger ones, providing a basis for sample dating. We have compared the results of Raman and radiocarbon measurements applied to a set of elephant ivory fragments and have successfully calibrated the Raman data set using radiocarbon measurements. We found that the Raman collagen to bioapatite peak ratios of the samples can be used as a metric to determine their age, providing a nondestructive technique to assess the age of ivory samples. We have also used singular value decomposition (SVD) to analyze the whole Raman spectra. We have observed clear separation between samples of different ages in the SVD component space. The samples also tended to align along the timeline diagonal in the correct order. The changes in multiple collagen and bioapatite peaks contribute to the differences in Raman spectra of ivory samples of different age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sharikova
- Department of Physics, SUNY University at Albany, Albany, USA
| | - Lubna Peerzada
- Department of Physics, SUNY University at Albany, Albany, USA
| | - Kai Pisila
- Department of Physics, SUNY University at Albany, Albany, USA
| | - Tine Chean Khoo
- Department of Physics, SUNY University at Albany, Albany, USA
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12
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Chen LC, Kuo S, Lloyd WR, Kim HM, Marcelo CL, Feinberg SE, Mycek MA. Optical Metric Assessed Engineered Tissues Over a Range of Viability States. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 25:305-313. [PMID: 30973066 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many conventional methods to assess engineered tissue morphology and viability are destructive techniques with limited utility for tissue constructs intended for implantation in patients. Sterile label-free optical molecular imaging methods analyzed tissue endogenous fluorophores without staining, noninvasively and quantitatively assessing engineered tissue, in lieu of destructive assessment methods. The objective of this study is to further investigate label-free optical metrics and their correlation with destructive methods. Tissue-engineered constructs (n = 33 constructs) fabricated with primary human oral keratinocytes (n = 10 patients) under control, thermal stress, and rapamycin treatment manufacturing conditions exhibited a range of tissue viability states, as evaluated by quantitative histology scoring, WST-1 assay, Ki-67 immunostaining imaging, and label-free optical molecular imaging methods. Both histology sections of fixed tissues and cross-sectioned label-free optical images of living tissues provided quantitative spatially selective information on local tissue morphology, but optical methods noninvasively characterized both local tissue morphology and cellular viability at the same living tissue site. Furthermore, optical metrics noninvasively assessed living tissue viability with a statistical significance consistent with the destructive tissue assays WST-1 and histology. Over the range of cell viability states created experimentally, optical metrics noninvasively and quantitatively characterized living tissue viability and correlated with the destructive WST-1 tissue assay. By providing, under sterile conditions, noninvasive metrics that were comparable with conventional destructive tissue assays, label-free optical molecular imaging has the potential to monitor and assess engineered tissue construct viability before surgical implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leng-Chun Chen
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering and Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shiuhyang Kuo
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - William R Lloyd
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering and Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Hyungjin Myra Kim
- 3 Center for Statistical Consultation and Research, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cynthia L Marcelo
- 4 Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stephen E Feinberg
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,4 Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mary-Ann Mycek
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering and Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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SVD-clustering, a general image-analyzing method explained and demonstrated on model and Raman micro-spectroscopic maps. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4238. [PMID: 32144407 PMCID: PMC7060257 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
An image analyzing method (SVD-clustering) is presented. Amplitude vectors of SVD factorization (V1…Vi) were introduced into the imaging of the distribution of the corresponding Ui basis-spectra. Since each Vi vector contains each point of the map, plotting them along the X, Y, Z dimensions of the map reconstructs the spatial distribution of the corresponding Ui basis-spectrum. This gives valuable information about the first, second, etc. higher-order deviations present in the map. We extended SVD with a clustering method, using the significant Vi vectors from the VT matrix as coordinates of image points in a ne-dimensional space (ne is the effective rank of the data matrix). This way every image point had a corresponding coordinate in the ne-dimensional space and formed a point set. Clustering was applied to this point set. SVD-clustering is universal; it is applicable to any measurement where data are recorded as a function of an external parameter (time, space, temperature, concentration, species, etc.). Consequently, our method is not restricted to spectral imaging, it can find application in many different 2D and 3D image analyses. Using SVD-clustering, we have shown on models the theoretical possibilities and limitations of the method, especially in the context of creating, meaning/interpreting of cluster spectra. Then for real-world samples, two examples are presented, where we were able to reveal minute alterations in the samples (changing cation ratios in minerals, differently structured cellulose domains in plant root) with spatial resolution.
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D’Brant LY, Desta H, Khoo TC, Sharikova AV, Mahajan SD, Khmaladze A. Methamphetamine-induced apoptosis in glial cells examined under marker-free imaging modalities. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 24:1-10. [PMID: 31025559 PMCID: PMC6990058 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.4.046503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We used phase microscopy and Raman spectroscopic measurements to assess the response of in vitro rat C6 glial cells following methamphetamine treatment in real time. Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) and three-dimensional (3-D) tomographic nanoscopy allow measurements of live cell cultures, which yield information about cell volume changes. Tomographic phase imaging provides 3-D information about the refractive index distribution associated with the morphology of biological samples. DHM provides similar information, but for a larger population of cells. Morphological changes in cells are associated with alterations in cell cycle and initiation of cell death mechanisms. Raman spectroscopy measurements provide information about chemical changes within the cells. Our Raman data indicate that the chemical changes in proteins preceded morphological changes, which were seen with DHM. Our study also emphasizes that tomographic phase imaging, DHM, and Raman spectroscopy are imaging tools that can be utilized for noninvasive simultaneous monitoring of morphological and chemical changes in cells during apoptosis and can also be used to monitor other dynamic cell processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianna Y. D’Brant
- State University of New York System (SUNY), Albany, New York, United States
| | - Habben Desta
- State University of New York System (SUNY), Albany, New York, United States
| | - Ting Chean Khoo
- State University of New York System (SUNY), Albany, New York, United States
| | - Anna V. Sharikova
- State University of New York, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York, United States
| | - Supriya D. Mahajan
- State University of New York System (SUNY), Albany, New York, United States
| | - Alexander Khmaladze
- State University of New York System (SUNY), Albany, New York, United States
- Address all correspondence to Alexander Khmaladze, E-mail:
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Elahi SF, Lee SY, Lloyd WR, Chen LC, Kuo S, Zhou Y, Kim HM, Kennedy R, Marcelo C, Feinberg SE, Mycek MA. Noninvasive Optical Assessment of Implanted Engineered Tissues Correlates with Cytokine Secretion. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2018; 24:214-221. [PMID: 29448894 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2017.0516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime sensing has been shown to noninvasively characterize the preimplantation health and viability of engineered tissue constructs. However, current practices to monitor postimplantation construct integration are either qualitative (visual assessment) or destructive (tissue histology). We employed label-free fluorescence lifetime spectroscopy for quantitative, noninvasive optical assessment of engineered tissue constructs that were implanted into a murine model. The portable system was designed to be suitable for intravital measurements and included a handheld probe to precisely and rapidly acquire data at multiple sites per construct. Our model tissue constructs were manufactured from primary human cells to simulate patient variability based on a standard protocol, and half of the manufactured constructs were stressed to create a range of health states. Secreted amounts of three cytokines that relate to cellular viability were measured in vitro to assess preimplantation construct health: interleukin-8 (IL-8), human β-defensin 1 (hBD-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Preimplantation cytokine secretion ranged from 1.5 to 33.5 pg/mL for IL-8, from 3.4 to 195.0 pg/mL for hBD-1, and from 0.1 to 154.3 pg/mL for VEGF. In vivo optical sensing assessed constructs at 1 and 3 weeks postimplantation. We found that at 1 week postimplantation, in vivo optical parameters correlated with in vitro preimplantation secretion levels of all three cytokines (p < 0.05). This correlation was not observed in optical measurements at 3 weeks postimplantation when histology showed that the constructs had re-epithelialized, independent of preimplantation health state, supporting the lack of a correlation. These results suggest that clinical optical diagnostic tools based on label-free fluorescence lifetime sensing of endogenous tissue fluorophores could noninvasively monitor postimplantation integration of engineered tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakib F Elahi
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering & Medical School, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Seung Yup Lee
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering & Medical School, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - William R Lloyd
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering & Medical School, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Leng-Chun Chen
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering & Medical School, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shiuhyang Kuo
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan.,3 Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ying Zhou
- 4 Department of Chemistry, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Hyungjin Myra Kim
- 5 Center for Statistical Consultation and Research, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Robert Kennedy
- 4 Department of Chemistry, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cynthia Marcelo
- 3 Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stephen E Feinberg
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mary-Ann Mycek
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering & Medical School, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
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16
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Bergholt MS, Albro MB, Stevens MM. Online quantitative monitoring of live cell engineered cartilage growth using diffuse fiber-optic Raman spectroscopy. Biomaterials 2017; 140:128-137. [PMID: 28649013 PMCID: PMC5504667 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) has the potential to improve the outcome for patients with osteoarthritis (OA). The successful clinical translation of this technique as part of a therapy requires the ability to measure extracellular matrix (ECM) production of engineered tissues in vitro, in order to ensure quality control and improve the likelihood of tissue survival upon implantation. Conventional techniques for assessing the ECM content of engineered cartilage, such as biochemical assays and histological staining are inherently destructive. Raman spectroscopy, on the other hand, represents a non-invasive technique for in situ biochemical characterization. Here, we outline current roadblocks in translational Raman spectroscopy in TE and introduce a comprehensive workflow designed to non-destructively monitor and quantify ECM biomolecules in large (>3 mm), live cell TE constructs online. Diffuse near-infrared fiber-optic Raman spectra were measured from live cell cartilaginous TE constructs over a 56-day culturing period. We developed a multivariate curve resolution model that enabled quantitative biochemical analysis of the TE constructs. Raman spectroscopy was able to non-invasively quantify the ECM components and showed an excellent correlation with biochemical assays for measurement of collagen (R2 = 0.84) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) (R2 = 0.86). We further demonstrated the robustness of this technique for online prospective analysis of live cell TE constructs. The fiber-optic Raman spectroscopy strategy developed in this work offers the ability to non-destructively monitor construct growth online and can be adapted to a broad range of TE applications in regenerative medicine toward controlled clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads S Bergholt
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael B Albro
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
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17
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Abstract
There is a recognized need to reconstruct and restore complex craniomaxillofacial soft tissues. The objective of this article is to focus on the role that tissue engineering/regenerative medicine can play in addressing various barriers (vascularity, tissue bulk, volitional control, and esthetics) and impediments (timing, regional applicability/dissemination, and regulation by the US Food and Drug Administration) to optimal tissue reconstruction of complex soft tissue structures. We will use the lips as an example to illustrate our points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderick Youngdo Kim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Towsley Center Rm G1114, 1515 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5222, USA
| | - Sam Seoho Bae
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Towsley Center Rm G1114, 1515 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5222, USA
| | - Stephen Elliott Feinberg
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Towsley Center Rm G1114, 1515 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5222, USA.
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18
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Basso F, Hebling J, Marcelo C, de Souza Costa C, Feinberg S. Development of an oral mucosa equivalent using a porcine dermal matrix. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 55:308-311. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Khmaladze A, Kuo S, Kim RY, Matthews RV, Marcelo CL, Feinberg SE, Morris MD. Human oral mucosa tissue-engineered constructs monitored by Raman fiber-optic probe. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2015; 21:46-51. [PMID: 24826804 PMCID: PMC4291158 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2013.0622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In maxillofacial and oral surgery, there is a need for the development of tissue-engineered constructs. They are used for reconstructions due to trauma, dental implants, congenital defects, or oral cancer. A noninvasive monitoring of the fabrication of tissue-engineered constructs at the production and implantation stages done in real time is extremely important for predicting the success of tissue-engineered grafts. We demonstrated a Raman spectroscopic probe system, its design and application, for real-time ex vivo produced oral mucosa equivalent (EVPOME) constructs noninvasive monitoring. We performed in vivo studies to find Raman spectroscopic indicators for postimplanted EVPOME failure and determined that Raman spectra of EVPOMEs preexposed to thermal stress during manufacturing procedures displayed correlation of the band height ratio of CH2 deformation to phenylalanine ring breathing modes, giving a Raman metric to distinguish between healthy and compromised postimplanted constructs. This study is the step toward our ultimate goal to develop a stand-alone system, to be used in a clinical setting, where the data collection and analysis are conducted on the basis of these spectroscopic indicators with minimal user intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Khmaladze
- Department of Chemistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shiuhyang Kuo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Roderick Y. Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Robert V. Matthews
- Department of Chemistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cynthia L. Marcelo
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stephen E. Feinberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michael D. Morris
- Department of Chemistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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20
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Winterroth F, Kato H, Kuo S, Feinberg SE, Hollister SJ, Fowlkes JB, Hollman KW. High-frequency ultrasonic imaging of growth and development in manufactured engineered oral mucosal tissue surfaces. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2014; 40:2244-2251. [PMID: 24968758 PMCID: PMC4130788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study uses high-resolution ultrasound to examine the growth and development of engineered oral mucosal tissues manufactured under aseptic conditions. The specimens are a commercially available natural tissue scaffold, AlloDerm, and oral keratinocytes seeded onto AlloDerm to form an ex vivo-produced oral mucosal equivalent (EVPOME) suitable for intra-oral grafting. The seeded cells produce a keratinized protective upper layer that smooths out any remaining surface irregularities on the underlying AlloDerm. Two-dimensional acoustic imaging of unseeded AlloDerm and developing EVPOMEs was performed on each day of their growth and development, each tissue specimen being imaged under aseptic conditions (total time from seeding to maturation: 11 d). Ultrasonic monitoring offers us the ability to determine the constituents of the EVPOME that are responsible for changes in its mechanical behavior during the manufacturing process. Ultrasonic monitoring affords us an opportunity to non-invasively assess, in real time, tissue-engineered constructs before release for use in patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Winterroth
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| | - Hiroko Kato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Oral Anatomy, Course for Oral Life Science, Niigata University Postgraduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shiuhyang Kuo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephen E Feinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Scott J Hollister
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Brian Fowlkes
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kyle W Hollman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Sound Sight Research, Livonia, Michigan, USA
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21
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Khmaladze A, Jasensky J, Price E, Zhang C, Boughton A, Han X, Seeley E, Liu X, Banaszak Holl MM, Chen Z. Hyperspectral imaging and characterization of live cells by broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy with singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 68:1116-22. [PMID: 25198903 DOI: 10.1366/13-07183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy can be used as a powerful imaging technique to identify chemical compositions of complex samples in biology, biophysics, medicine, and materials science. In this work we developed a CARS microscopic system capable of hyperspectral imaging. By employing an ultrafast laser source, a photonic crystal fiber, and a scanning laser microscope together with spectral detection by a highly sensitive back-illuminated cooled charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, we were able to rapidly acquire and process hyperspectral images of live cells with chemical selectivity. We discuss various aspects of hyperspectral CARS image analysis and demonstrate the use of singular value decomposition methods to characterize the cellular lipid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Khmaladze
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
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Abstract
Craniofacial soft tissue reconstruction may be required following trauma, tumor resection, and to repair congenital deformities. Recent advances in the field of tissue engineering have significantly widened the reconstructive armamentarium of the surgeon. The successful identification and combination of tissue engineering, scaffold, progenitor cells, and physiologic signaling molecules has enabled the surgeon to design, recreate the missing tissue in its near natural form. This has resolved the issues like graft rejection, wound dehiscence, or poor vascularity. Successfully reconstructed tissue through soft tissue engineering protocols would help surgeon to restore the form and function of the lost tissue in its originality. This manuscript intends to provide a glimpse of the basic principle of tissue engineering, contemporary, and future direction of this field as applied to craniofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderick Y Kim
- Department of Surgery, Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School and School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anthony C Fasi
- Department of Surgery, Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School and School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephen E Feinberg
- Department of Surgery, Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School and School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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