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Rustgi N, Wu S, Samec T, Walker P, Xiu J, Lou E, Goel S, Saeed A, Moy RH. Molecular Landscape and Clinical Implication of CCNE1-amplified Esophagogastric Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1399-1409. [PMID: 38717153 PMCID: PMC11146286 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Cyclin E overexpression as a result of CCNE1 amplification is a critical driver of genomic instability in gastric cancer, but its clinical implication is largely unknown. Thus, we integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and immune profiling analysis of 7,083 esophagogastric tumors and investigated the impact of CCNE1 amplification on molecular features and treatment outcomes. We identified CCNE1 amplification in 6.2% of esophageal adenocarcinoma samples, 7.0% of esophagogastric junction carcinoma, 4.2% of gastric adenocarcinoma samples, and 0.8% of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Metastatic sites such as lymph node and liver showed an increased frequency of CCNE1 amplification relative to primary tumors. Consistent with a chromosomal instability phenotype, CCNE1 amplification was associated with decreased CDH1 mutation and increased TP53 mutation and ERBB2 amplification. We observed no differences in immune biomarkers such as PD-L1 expression and tumor mutational burden comparing CCNE1-amplified and nonamplified tumors, although CCNE1 amplification was associated with changes in immune populations such as decreased B cells and increased M1 macrophages from transcriptional analysis. Real-world survival analysis demonstrated that patients with CCNE1-amplified gastric cancer had worse survival after trastuzumab for HER2-positive tumors, but better survival after immunotherapy. These data suggest that CCNE1-amplified gastric cancer has a distinct molecular and immune profile with important therapeutic implications, and therefore further investigation of CCNE1 amplification as a predictive biomarker is warranted. SIGNIFICANCE Advanced gastric cancer has a relatively dismal outcome with a 5-year overall survival of less than 10%. Furthermore, while comprehensive molecular analyses have established molecular subtypes within gastric cancers, biomarkers of clinical relevance in this cancer type are lacking. Overall, this study demonstrates that CCNE1 amplification is associated with a distinct molecular profile in gastric cancer and may impact response to therapy, including targeted therapy and/or immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naryan Rustgi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Sharon Wu
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, Arizona
| | | | | | | | - Emil Lou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sanjay Goel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Anwaar Saeed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ryan H. Moy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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Dietrich C, Trub A, Ahn A, Taylor M, Ambani K, Chan KT, Lu KH, Mahendra CA, Blyth C, Coulson R, Ramm S, Watt AC, Matsa SK, Bisi J, Strum J, Roberts P, Goel S. INX-315, a Selective CDK2 Inhibitor, Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Senescence in Solid Tumors. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:446-467. [PMID: 38047585 PMCID: PMC10905675 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-0954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is thought to play an important role in driving proliferation of certain cancers, including those harboring CCNE1 amplification and breast cancers that have acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i). The precise impact of pharmacologic inhibition of CDK2 is not known due to the lack of selective CDK2 inhibitors. Here we describe INX-315, a novel and potent CDK2 inhibitor with high selectivity over other CDK family members. Using cell-based assays, patient-derived xenografts (PDX), and transgenic mouse models, we show that INX-315 (i) promotes retinoblastoma protein hypophosphorylation and therapy-induced senescence (TIS) in CCNE1-amplified tumors, leading to durable control of tumor growth; (ii) overcomes breast cancer resistance to CDK4/6i, restoring cell cycle control while reinstating the chromatin architecture of CDK4/6i-induced TIS; and (iii) delays the onset of CDK4/6i resistance in breast cancer by driving deeper suppression of E2F targets. Our results support the clinical development of selective CDK2 inhibitors. SIGNIFICANCE INX-315 is a novel, selective inhibitor of CDK2. Our preclinical studies demonstrate activity for INX-315 in both CCNE1-amplified cancers and CDK4/6i-resistant breast cancer. In each case, CDK2 inhibition induces cell cycle arrest and a phenotype resembling cellular senescence. Our data support the development of selective CDK2 inhibitors in clinical trials. See related commentary by Watts and Spencer, p. 386. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 384.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Dietrich
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alec Trub
- Incyclix Bio, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Antonio Ahn
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Taylor
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Krutika Ambani
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Keefe T. Chan
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kun-Hui Lu
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christabella A. Mahendra
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catherine Blyth
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rhiannon Coulson
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susanne Ramm
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - April C. Watt
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - John Bisi
- Incyclix Bio, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jay Strum
- Incyclix Bio, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Shom Goel
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
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3
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DiPeri TP, Evans KW, Raso MG, Zhao M, Rizvi YQ, Zheng X, Wang B, Kirby BP, Kong K, Kahle M, Yap TA, Dumbrava EE, Ajani JA, Fu S, Keyomarsi K, Meric-Bernstam F. Adavosertib Enhances Antitumor Activity of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in HER2-Expressing Cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:4385-4398. [PMID: 37279095 PMCID: PMC10618648 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cyclin E (CCNE1) has been proposed as a biomarker of sensitivity to adavosertib, a Wee1 kinase inhibitor, and a mechanism of resistance to HER2-targeted therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Copy number and genomic sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and MD Anderson Cancer Center databases were analyzed to assess ERBB2 and CCNE1 expression. Molecular characteristics of tumors and patient-derived xenografts (PDX) were assessed by next-generation sequencing, whole-exome sequencing, fluorescent in situ hybridization, and IHC. In vitro, CCNE1 was overexpressed or knocked down in HER2+ cell lines to evaluate drug combination efficacy. In vivo, NSG mice bearing PDXs were subjected to combinatorial therapy with various treatment regimens, followed by tumor growth assessment. Pharmacodynamic markers in PDXs were characterized by IHC and reverse-phase protein array. RESULTS Among several ERBB2-amplified cancers, CCNE1 co-amplification was identified (gastric 37%, endometroid 43%, and ovarian serous adenocarcinoma 41%). We hypothesized that adavosertib may enhance activity of HER2 antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd). In vitro, sensitivity to T-DXd was decreased by cyclin E overexpression and increased by knockdown, and adavosertib was synergistic with topoisomerase I inhibitor DXd. In vivo, the T-DXd + adavosertib combination significantly increased γH2AX and antitumor activity in HER2 low, cyclin E amplified gastroesophageal cancer PDX models and prolonged event-free survival (EFS) in a HER2-overexpressing gastroesophageal cancer model. T-DXd + adavosertib treatment also increased EFS in other HER2-expressing tumor types, including a T-DXd-treated colon cancer model. CONCLUSIONS We provide rationale for combining T-DXd with adavosertib in HER2-expressing cancers, especially with co-occuring CCNE1 amplifications. See related commentary by Rolfo et al., p. 4317.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P. DiPeri
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kurt W. Evans
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Maria Gabriela Raso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yasmeen Q. Rizvi
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bailiang Wang
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bryce P. Kirby
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kathleen Kong
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael Kahle
- Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy A. Yap
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ecaterina E. Dumbrava
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jaffer A. Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Siqing Fu
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Khandan Keyomarsi
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Au-Yeung G, Mileshkin L, Bowtell DDL. CCNE1 Amplification as a Therapeutic Target. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:1770-1773. [PMID: 36730890 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.02267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- George Au-Yeung
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Linda Mileshkin
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David D L Bowtell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Fu S, Yao S, Yuan Y, Previs RA, Elias AD, Carvajal RD, George TJ, Yuan Y, Yu L, Westin SN, Xing Y, Dumbrava EE, Karp DD, Piha-Paul SA, Tsimberidou AM, Ahnert JR, Takebe N, Lu K, Keyomarsi K, Meric-Bernstam F. Multicenter Phase II Trial of the WEE1 Inhibitor Adavosertib in Refractory Solid Tumors Harboring CCNE1 Amplification. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:1725-1734. [PMID: 36469840 PMCID: PMC10489509 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Preclinical cancer models harboring CCNE1 amplification were more sensitive to adavosertib treatment, a WEE1 kinase inhibitor, than models without amplification. Thus, we conducted this phase II study to assess the antitumor activity of adavosertib in patients with CCNE1-amplified, advanced refractory solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients aged ≥ 18 years with measurable disease and refractory solid tumors harboring CCNE1 amplification, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-1, and adequate organ function were studied. Patients received 300 mg of adavosertib once daily on days 1 through 5 and 8 through 12 of a 21-day cycle. The trial followed Bayesian optimal phase II design. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR). RESULTS Thirty patients were enrolled. The median follow-up duration was 9.9 months. Eight patients had partial responses (PRs), and three had stable disease (SD) ≥ 6 months, with an ORR of 27% (95% CI, 12 to 46), a SD ≥ 6 months/PR rate of 37% (95% CI, 20 to 56), a median progression-free survival duration of 4.1 months (95% CI, 1.8 to 6.4), and a median overall survival duration of 9.9 months (95% CI, 4.8 to 15). Fourteen patients with epithelial ovarian cancer showed an ORR of 36% (95% CI, 13 to 65) and SD ≥ 6 months/PR of 57% (95% CI, 29 to 82), a median progression-free survival duration of 6.3 months (95% CI, 2.4 to 10.2), and a median overall survival duration of 14.9 months (95% CI, 8.9 to 20.9). Common treatment-related toxicities were GI, hematologic toxicities, and fatigue. CONCLUSION Adavosertib monotherapy demonstrates a manageable toxicity profile and promising clinical activity in refractory solid tumors harboring CCNE1 amplification, especially in epithelial ovarian cancer. Further study of adavosertib, alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, in CCNE1-amplified epithelial ovarian cancer is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqing Fu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Shuyang Yao
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yuan Yuan
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
| | | | | | | | | | - Ying Yuan
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Lihou Yu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Yan Xing
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
| | | | - Daniel D. Karp
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | - Naoko Takebe
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Karen Lu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Javed A, Yarmohammadi M, Korkmaz KS, Rubio-Tomás T. The Regulation of Cyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases in the Development of Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032848. [PMID: 36769170 PMCID: PMC9917736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer predominantly occurs in adenocarcinoma form and is characterized by uncontrolled growth and metastases of gastric epithelial cells. The growth of gastric cells is regulated by the action of several major cell cycle regulators including Cyclins and Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which act sequentially to modulate the life cycle of a living cell. It has been reported that inadequate or over-activity of these molecules leads to disturbances in cell cycle dynamics, which consequently results in gastric cancer development. Manny studies have reported the key roles of Cyclins and CDKs in the development and progression of the disease in either in vitro cell culture studies or in vivo models. We aimed to compile the evidence of molecules acting as regulators of both Cyclins and CDKs, i.e., upstream regulators either activating or inhibiting Cyclins and CDKs. The review entails an introduction to gastric cancer, along with an overview of the involvement of cell cycle regulation and focused on the regulation of various Cyclins and CDKs in gastric cancer. It can act as an extensive resource for developing new hypotheses for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadil Javed
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (T.R.-T.)
| | - Mahdieh Yarmohammadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 33817-74895, Iran
| | - Kemal Sami Korkmaz
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Teresa Rubio-Tomás
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Herakleion, Crete, Greece
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (T.R.-T.)
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Angehrn FV, Neuschütz KJ, Fourie L, Becker P, von Flüe M, Steinemann DC, Bolli M. Continuously sutured versus linear-stapled anastomosis in robot-assisted hybrid Ivor Lewis esophageal surgery following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a single-center cohort study. Surg Endosc 2022; 36:9435-9443. [PMID: 35854126 PMCID: PMC9652283 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer surgery is technically highly demanding. During the past decade robot-assisted surgery has successfully been introduced in esophageal cancer treatment. Various techniques are being evaluated in different centers. In particular, advantages and disadvantages of continuously sutured (COSU) or linear-stapled (LIST) gastroesophageal anastomoses are debated. Here, we comparatively analyzed perioperative morbidities and short-term outcomes in patients undergoing hybrid robot-assisted esophageal surgery following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), with COSU or LIST anastomoses in a single center. METHODS Following standardized, effective, nCRT, 53 patients underwent a hybrid Ivor Lewis robot-assisted esophagectomy with COSU (n = 32) or LIST (n = 21) gastroesophageal anastomoses. Study endpoints were intra- and postoperative complications, in-hospital morbidity and mortality. Duration of operation, intensive care unit (ICU) and overall hospital stay were also evaluated. Furthermore, rates of rehospitalization, endoscopies, anastomotic stenosis and recurrence were assessed in a 90-day follow-up. RESULTS Demographics, ASA scores and tumor characteristics were comparable in the two groups. Median duration of operation was similar in patients with COSU and LIST anastomosis (467 vs. 453 min, IQR 420-521 vs. 416-469, p = 0.0611). Major complications were observed in 4/32 (12.5%) and 4/21 (19%) patients with COSU or LIST anastomosis, respectively (p = 0.697). Anastomotic leakage was observed in 3/32 (9.3%) and 2/21 (9.5%) (p = 1.0) patients with COSU or LIST anastomosis, respectively. Pleural empyema occurred in 1/32 (3.1%) and 2/21 (9.5%) (p = 0.555) patients, respectively. Mortality was similar in the two groups (1/32, 3.1% and 1/21, 4.7%, p = 1.0). Median ICU stay did not differ in patients with COSU or LIST anastomosis (p = 0.255), whereas a slightly, but significantly (p = 0.0393) shorter overall hospital stay was observed for COSU, as compared to LIST cohort (median: 20 vs. 21 days, IQR 17-22 vs. 18-28). CONCLUSIONS COSU is not inferior to LIST in the performance of gastroesophageal anastomosis in hybrid Ivor Lewis operations following nCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorenzo V Angehrn
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis AG - University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Postfach, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 23, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Kerstin J Neuschütz
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis AG - University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Postfach, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lana Fourie
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis AG - University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Postfach, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pauline Becker
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis AG - University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Postfach, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus von Flüe
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis AG - University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Postfach, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel C Steinemann
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis AG - University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Postfach, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Bolli
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis AG - University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Postfach, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
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8
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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of phase I cancer patients with CCNE1 amplification: MD Anderson experiences. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8701. [PMID: 35610322 PMCID: PMC9130298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12669-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin E is frequently encoded by CCNE1 gene amplification in various malignancies. We reviewed the medical records of patients with solid tumors displaying CCNE1 amplification to determine the effect of this amplification for future therapeutic development. We reviewed the medical records of patients with advanced solid tumors harboring CCNE1 amplification who were seen at the phase I clinic between September 1, 2012, and December 31, 2019. Among 79 patients with solid tumors harboring CCNE1 amplification, 56 (71%) received phase 1 clinical trial therapy, 39 (49%) had 3 or more concurrent genomic aberrances, and 52 (66%) had a concurrent TP53 mutation. The median overall survival (OS) after patients’ initial phase I visit was 8.9 months and after their initial metastasis diagnosis was 41.4 months. We identified four factors associated with poor risk: age < 45 years, body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2, presence of the TP53 mutation, and elevated LDH > upper limit of normal. In patients treated with gene aberration-related therapy, anti-angiogenic therapy led to significantly longer OS after their initial phase I trial therapy than those who did not: 26 months versus 7.4 months, respectively (P = 0.04). This study provided preliminary evidence that CCNE1 amplification was associated with frequent TP53 mutation and aggressive clinical outcomes. Survival benefit was observed in patients who received antiangiogenic therapy and gene aberration-related treatment, supporting the future development of a personalized approach to combine gene aberration-related therapy with antiangiogenesis for the treatment of advanced malignancies harboring CCNE1 amplification.
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9
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Zhang LQ, Zhou SL, Li JK, Chen PN, Zhao XK, Wang LD, Li XL, Zhou FY. Identification of a seven-cell cycle signature predicting overall survival for gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:3989-3999. [PMID: 35537781 PMCID: PMC9134949 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
While genetic alterations in several regulators of the cell cycle have a significant impact on the gastric carcinogenesis process, the prognostic role of them remains to be further elucidated. The TCGA-STAD training set were downloaded and the mRNA expression matrix of cell cycle genes was extracted and corrected for further analysis after taking the intersection with GSE84437 dataset. Differentially expressed mRNAs were identified between tumor and normal tissue samples in TCGA-STAD. Univariate Cox regression analysis and lasso Cox regression model established a novel seven-gene cell cycle signature (including GADD45B, TFDP1, CDC6, CDC25A, CDC7, SMC1A and MCM3) for GC prognosis prediction. Patients in the high-risk group shown significantly poorer survival than patients in the low-risk group. The signature was found to be an independent prognostic factor for GC survival. Nomogram including the signature shown some clinical net benefit for overall survival prediction. The signature was further validated in the GSE84437 dataset. In tissue microarray, CDC6 and MCM3 protein expression were significant differences by the immunohistochemistry-based H-score between tumor tissues and adjacent tissues, and CDC6 is an independent prognostic factor for GC. Interestingly, our GSEA revealed that low-risk patients were more related to cell cycle pathways and might benefit more from therapies targeting cell cycle. Our study identified a novel robust seven-gene cell cycle signature for GC prognosis prediction that may serve as a beneficial complement to clinicopathological staging. The signature might provide potential biomarkers for the application of cell cycle regulators to therapies and treatment response prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Qun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Sheng-Li Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Jun-Kuo Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Pei-Nan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan, China
| | - Xue-Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Li-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xiu-Ling Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Fu-You Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
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10
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Janostiak R, Torres-Sanchez A, Posas F, de Nadal E. Understanding Retinoblastoma Post-Translational Regulation for the Design of Targeted Cancer Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051265. [PMID: 35267571 PMCID: PMC8909233 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Rb1 is a regulator of cell cycle progression and genomic stability. This review focuses on post-translational modifications, their effect on Rb1 interactors, and their role in intracellular signaling in the context of cancer development. Finally, we highlight potential approaches to harness these post-translational modifications to design novel effective anticancer therapies. Abstract The retinoblastoma protein (Rb1) is a prototypical tumor suppressor protein whose role was described more than 40 years ago. Together with p107 (also known as RBL1) and p130 (also known as RBL2), the Rb1 belongs to a family of structurally and functionally similar proteins that inhibits cell cycle progression. Given the central role of Rb1 in regulating proliferation, its expression or function is altered in most types of cancer. One of the mechanisms underlying Rb-mediated cell cycle inhibition is the binding and repression of E2F transcription factors, and these processes are dependent on Rb1 phosphorylation status. However, recent work shows that Rb1 is a convergent point of many pathways and thus the regulation of its function through post-translational modifications is more complex than initially expected. Moreover, depending on the context, downstream signaling can be both E2F-dependent and -independent. This review seeks to summarize the most recent research on Rb1 function and regulation and discuss potential avenues for the design of novel cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslav Janostiak
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.J.); (A.T.-S.)
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Torres-Sanchez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.J.); (A.T.-S.)
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Posas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.J.); (A.T.-S.)
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (E.d.N.); Tel.: +34-93-403-4810 (F.P.); +34-93-403-9895 (E.d.N.)
| | - Eulàlia de Nadal
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.J.); (A.T.-S.)
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (E.d.N.); Tel.: +34-93-403-4810 (F.P.); +34-93-403-9895 (E.d.N.)
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11
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Gallo A, Ronzio M, Bezzecchi E, Mantovani R, Dolfini D. NF-Y subunits overexpression in gastric adenocarcinomas (STAD). Sci Rep 2021; 11:23764. [PMID: 34887475 PMCID: PMC8660849 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03027-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-Y is a pioneer transcription factor-TF-formed by the Histone-like NF-YB/NF-YC subunits and the regulatory NF-YA. It binds to the CCAAT box, an element enriched in promoters of genes overexpressed in many types of cancer. NF-YA is present in two major isoforms-NF-YAs and NF-YAl-due to alternative splicing, overexpressed in epithelial tumors. Here we analyzed NF-Y expression in stomach adenocarcinomas (STAD). We completed the partitioning of all TCGA tumor samples (450) according to molecular subtypes proposed by TCGA and ACRG, using the deep learning tool DeepCC. We analyzed differentially expressed genes-DEG-for enriched pathways and TFs binding sites in promoters. CCAAT is the predominant element only in the core group of genes upregulated in all subtypes, with cell-cycle gene signatures. NF-Y subunits are overexpressed, particularly NF-YA. NF-YAs is predominant in CIN, MSI and EBV TCGA subtypes, NF-YAl is higher in GS and in the ACRG EMT subtypes. Moreover, NF-YAlhigh tumors correlate with a discrete Claudinlow cohort. Elevated NF-YB levels are protective in MSS;TP53+ patients, whereas high NF-YAl/NF-YAs ratios correlate with worse prognosis. We conclude that NF-Y isoforms are associated to clinically relevant features of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Gallo
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Ronzio
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenia Bezzecchi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Mantovani
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Diletta Dolfini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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12
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Xie B, Wang Y, He J, Ni Z, Chai D. Aberrant Cyclin E and Hepatocyte Growth Factor Expression, Microvascular Density, and Micro-Lymphatic Vessel Density in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Control 2020; 26:1073274819875736. [PMID: 31533461 PMCID: PMC6753519 DOI: 10.1177/1073274819875736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin E and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) have been observed as a multifaceted
factor in many cancers, and the assessment of microvascular density (MVD) and
micro-lymphatic vessel density (MLVD) has been used to quantify tumor
angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. The aim of this study was to explore the
association between expression of cyclin E, HGF, MVD, and MLVD, and
clinicopathologic parameters in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The
expression of cyclin E, HGF, MVD, and MLVD were detected using
immunohistochemically anticyclin E, HGF, CD34, and lymphatic vessel endothelial
hyaluronan receptor 1 in 168 surgically resected ESCC cases and 30 normal
esophageal mucosal samples. The expression levels of cyclin E, HGF, MVD, and
MLVD were higher compared to controls. High cyclin E and HGF expression was
found more frequently in the tumors larger than 5 cm (P <
.001), with poorer differentiation (P = .034) and higher tumor
node metastasis (TNM) staging (P = .009) compared to their
counterparts. Both MVD and MLVD values were found to be higher in the tumors
larger than 5 cm (P < .001), with poorer differentiation
(P < .001) and higher TNM staging (P
< .001) compared to their counterparts. Furthermore, the expression of MVD
and MLVD in both the high cyclin E and high HGF expression groups was
significantly higher compared to the low cyclin E and HGF expression groups
(P < .001). This study demonstrated that high cyclin E
and HGF expression is closely correlated with tumor size, tumor differentiation
degree, and TNM stage in patients with ESCC. These findings proposed that cyclin
E and HGF could serve as novel molecular markers for preoperational evaluation
of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xie
- Department of Thoracic surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Suchow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Jingkang He
- Department of Thoracic surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Suchow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengzheng Ni
- Department of Thoracic surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Suchow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Damin Chai
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui, China
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13
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Choi RSY, Lai WYX, Lee LTC, Wong WLC, Pei XM, Tsang HF, Leung JJ, Cho WCS, Chu MKM, Wong EYL, Wong SCC. Current and future molecular diagnostics of gastric cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2019; 19:863-874. [PMID: 31448971 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2019.1660645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer and confers the second-highest mortality among other cancers. Improving the survival rates of GC patients requires prompt and accurate diagnosis and effective treatment which is often preceded by the poorly understood pathogenic mechanisms. Area covered: This literature review aims to summarize current understanding of genetic and molecular alterations that promote carcinogenesis including (1) activation of oncogenes, (2) overexpression of growth factors, receptors and matrix metalloproteinases, (3) inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, DNA repair genes, and cell adhesion molecules and (4) alterations of cell-cycle regulators that regulate biological characteristics of cancer cells. Moreover, the significance of molecular biomarkers such as micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and advanced molecular techniques including droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) are also discussed. Expert opinion: A GC-specific panel of biomarkers based on the NGS or ddPCR has the potential for diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring treatment response in GC patients. Despite the requirements for validation in larger population in clinical studies, race-specific differences in the gene panel have also to be examined by performing the clinical trials in subjects with different races.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Sin-Yu Choi
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wing Yin Xenia Lai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Lok Ting Claire Lee
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wing Lam Christa Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xiao Meng Pei
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Hin Fung Tsang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Joel Johnson Leung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - William Chi Shing Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital , Kowloon , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Man Kee Maggie Chu
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Elaine Yue Ling Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Sze Chuen Cesar Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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14
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He J, Fu L, Li Q. Rsf‑1 regulates malignant melanoma cell viability and chemoresistance via NF‑κB/Bcl‑2 signaling. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3487-3498. [PMID: 31485613 PMCID: PMC6755232 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Remodeling and spacing factor 1 (Rsf-1) has been reported as overexpressed in numerous cancers; however, its expression, biological functions and mechanisms in malignant melanoma remain unknown. In the present study, the expression of Rsf-1 was investigated in 50 cases of malignant melanoma samples using immunohistochemistry. The results revealed that Rsf-1 expression was elevated in 38% of specimens. MTT, colony formation, Transwell and flow cytometry assays were performed to investigate the functions of Rsf-1. Knockdown of Rsf-1 in the MV3 and A375 melanoma cell lines decreased the viability, invasion and cell cycle transition of cells. Conversely, overexpression of Rsf-1 in M14 cells with low endogenous Rsf-1 expression induced opposing effects. Further analysis revealed that Rsf-1 knockdown decreased matrix metalloproteinase-2, cyclin E and phosphorylated-IκB expression. Additionally, Rsf-1 depletion reduced cisplatin resistance and significantly increased the cisplatin-associated apoptotic rate, whereas Rsf-1 overexpression exhibited opposing effects. Rsf-1 also maintained the mitochondrial membrane potential following cisplatin treatment. Analysis of apoptosis-associated proteins revealed that Rsf-1 positively regulated B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (cIAP1) and cIAP2, and downregulated Bcl-2-associated X protein expression. Nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells (NF-κB) inhibition reversed the effects of Rsf-1 on Bcl-2. In conclusion, Rsf-1 was overexpressed in malignant melanoma and may contribute to the malignant behaviors of melanoma cells, possibly via the regulation of NF-κB signaling. Therefore, Rsf-1 may be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani He
- Department of Pathology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Pathology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Qingchang Li
- Department of Pathology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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15
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Yousefi B, Mohammadlou M, Abdollahi M, Salek Farrokhi A, Karbalaei M, Keikha M, Kokhaei P, Valizadeh S, Rezaiemanesh A, Arabkari V, Eslami M. Epigenetic changes in gastric cancer induction by
Helicobacter pylori. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21770-21784. [PMID: 31169314 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Immunology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
| | - Maryam Mohammadlou
- Department of Immunology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
| | - Maryam Abdollahi
- Department of Immunology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Karbalaei
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine Jiroft University of Medical Sciences Jiroft Iran
| | - Masoud Keikha
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Parviz Kokhaei
- Department of Immunology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
- Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Centre Karolinska Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Saeid Valizadeh
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
| | - Alireza Rezaiemanesh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Vahid Arabkari
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology University College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Majid Eslami
- Cancer Research Center Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran
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16
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CCND2 and CCND3 hijack immunoglobulin light-chain enhancers in cyclin D1 - mantle cell lymphoma. Blood 2018; 133:940-951. [PMID: 30538135 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-07-862151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation resulting in overexpression of cyclin D1. However, a small subset of cyclin D1- MCL has been recognized, and approximately one-half of them harbor CCND2 translocations while the primary event in cyclin D1-/D2- MCL remains elusive. To identify other potential mechanisms driving MCL pathogenesis, we investigated 56 cyclin D1-/SOX11+ MCL by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), whole-genome/exome sequencing, and gene-expression and copy-number arrays. FISH with break-apart probes identified CCND2 rearrangements in 39 cases (70%) but not CCND3 rearrangements. We analyzed 3 of these negative cases by whole-genome/exome sequencing and identified IGK (n = 2) and IGL (n = 1) enhancer hijackings near CCND3 that were associated with cyclin D3 overexpression. By specific FISH probes, including the IGK enhancer region, we detected 10 additional cryptic IGK juxtapositions to CCND3 (6 cases) and CCND2 (4 cases) in MCL that overexpressed, respectively, these cyclins. A minor subset of 4 cyclin D1- MCL cases lacked cyclin D rearrangements and showed upregulation of CCNE1 and CCNE2. These cases had blastoid morphology, high genomic complexity, and CDKN2A and RB1 deletions. Both genomic and gene-expression profiles of cyclin D1- MCL cases were indistinguishable from cyclin D1+ MCL. In conclusion, virtually all cyclin D1- MCLs carry CCND2/CCND3 rearrangements with immunoglobulin genes, including a novel IGK/L enhancer hijacking mechanism. A subset of cyclin D1-/D2-/D3- MCL with aggressive features has cyclin E dysregulation. Specific FISH probes may allow the molecular identification and diagnosis of cyclin D1- MCL.
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17
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Analysis of cyclin E co-expression genes reveals nuclear transcription factor Y subunit alpha is an oncogene in gastric cancer. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2018; 5:44-52. [PMID: 30993263 PMCID: PMC6449734 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore genes potentially co-expressed with cyclin E in gastric cancer and discover possible targets for gastric cancer treatment. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) stomach adenocarcinoma sequencing data were used to predict genes co-expressed with cyclin E. Co-expression genes predicted by cBioPortal online analysis with Pearson correlation coefficient ≥0.4 were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) enrichment annotation using the PANTHER online platform (Ver. 7). Interactions between proteins encoded by these genes were analyzed using the STRING online platform (Ver. 10.5) and Cytoscape software (Ver. 3.5.1). Genes displaying a high degree of connection were analyzed by transcription factor enrichment prediction using FunRich software (Ver. 3). The significant transcription factor and cyclin E expression levels and their impact on gastric cancer progression were analyzed by Western blotting and Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis. Results After filtering the co-expression gene prediction results, 78 predicted genes that included 73 protein coding genes and 5 non-coding genes with Pearson correlation coefficient ≥0.4 were selected. The expressions of the genes were considered to be correlated with cyclin E expression. Among the 78 genes co-expressed with cyclin E, 19 genes at the central of the regulatory network associated with cyclin E were discovered. Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit alpha (NF-YA) was identified as a significant transcription factor associated with cyclin E co-expressing genes. Analysis of specimen donors’ clinical records revealed that high expression of NF-YA tended to be associated with increased cyclin E expression. The expression of both was associated with progression of gastric cancer. Western blotting results showed that compared with normal tissues, NF-YA and cyclin E were highly expressed in tumor tissues (P < 0.001). Survival curve analysis clearly demonstrated relatively poor overall survival of gastric cancer patients with high cyclin E or high NF-YA expression level, compared to patients with low cyclin E or NF-YA expression (P < 0.05). Conclusions NF-YA may promote gastric cancer progression by increasing the transcription of cyclin E and other cell cycle regulatory genes. NF-YA might be a potential therapeutically useful prognostic factor for gastric cancer.
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18
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Zhang Z, Shen M, Zhou G. Upregulation of CDCA5 promotes gastric cancer malignant progression via influencing cyclin E1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:482-489. [PMID: 29326043 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cell division cycle associated 5(CDCA5) was reported to be associated with progression of several human cancers, however, its clinical significance and biological role still remain unknown in gastric cancer(GC). By analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA), we found CDCA5 was significantly upregulated in GC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Tissue microarray(TMA) indicated upregulation of CDCA5 was significantly correlated with more advanced clinicopathological features, and acts as an independent risk factor for worse overall survival(OS) in GC patients. Moreover, silence of CDCA5 suppresses proliferation of GC cells by inducing G1-phase arrest via downregulating Cyclin E1(CCNE1). Our results demonstrate upregulation of CDCA5 promotes GC malignant progression, which may offer a potential prognostic and therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Mingyang Shen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Guangrong Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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19
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Inoue K, Fry EA. Novel Molecular Markers for Breast Cancer. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2016; 8:25-42. [PMID: 26997872 PMCID: PMC4790586 DOI: 10.4137/bic.s38394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of molecular biomarkers assures that breast cancer (BC) patients receive optimal treatment. Established biomarkers, such as estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2, and Ki67, have been playing significant roles in the subcategorization of BC to predict the prognosis and decide the specific therapy to each patient. Antihormonal therapy using 4-hydroxytamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors have been employed in patients whose tumor cells express hormone receptors, while monoclonal antibody to HER2 has been administered to HER2-positive BCs. Although new therapeutic agents have been developed in the past few decades, many patients still die of the disease due to relapse; thus, novel molecular markers that predict therapeutic failure and those that can be targets for specific therapy are expected. We have chosen four of such molecules by reviewing recent publications, which are cyclin E, B-Myb, Twist, and DMP1β. The oncogenicity of these molecules has been demonstrated in vivo and/or in vitro through studies using transgenic mice or siRNAs, and their expressions have been shown to be associated with shortened overall or disease-free survival of BC patients. The former three molecules have been shown to accelerate epithelial-mesenchymal transition that is often associated with cancer stem cell-ness and metastasis; all these four can be novel therapeutic targets as well. Thus, large prospective studies employing immunohistochemistry will be needed to establish the predictive values of these molecules in patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushi Inoue
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Fry
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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20
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Expression of TRAP1 in gastric cancer tissue and its correlation with malignant biology. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:67-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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21
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Montazeri H, Bouzari S, Azadmanesh K, Ostad SN, Ghahremani MH. Overexpression of Cyclin E and its Low Molecular Weight Isoforms Cooperate with Loss of p53 in Promoting Oncogenic Properties of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:7575-82. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.17.7575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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22
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Darzynkiewicz Z, Zhao H, Zhang S, Marietta YL, Ernest YL, Zhang Z. Initiation and termination of DNA replication during S phase in relation to cyclins D1, E and A, p21WAF1, Cdt1 and the p12 subunit of DNA polymerase δ revealed in individual cells by cytometry. Oncotarget 2015; 6:11735-50. [PMID: 26059433 PMCID: PMC4494901 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During our recent studies on mechanism of the regulation of human DNA polymerase δ in preparation for DNA replication or repair, multiparameter imaging cytometry as exemplified by laser scanning cytometry (LSC) has been used to assess changes in expression of the following nuclear proteins associated with initiation of DNA replication: cyclin A, PCNA, Ki-67, p21(WAF1), DNA replication factor Cdt1 and the smallest subunit of DNA polymerase δ, p12. In the present review, rather than focusing on Pol δ, we emphasize the application of LSC in these studies and outline possibilities offered by the concurrent differential analysis of DNA replication in conjunction with expression of the nuclear proteins. A more extensive analysis of the data on a correlation between rates of EdU incorporation, likely reporting DNA replication, and expression of these proteins, is presently provided. New data, specifically on the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E with respect to EdU incorporation as well as on a relationship between expression of cyclin A vs. p21(WAF1) and Ki-67 vs. Cdt1, are also reported. Of particular interest is the observation that this approach makes it possible to assess the temporal sequence of degradation of cyclin D1, p21(WAF1), Cdt1 and p12, each with respect to initiation of DNA replication and with respect to each other. Also the sequence or reappearance of these proteins in G2 after termination of DNA replication is assessed. The reviewed data provide a more comprehensive presentation of potential markers, whose presence or absence marks the DNA replicating cells. Discussed is also usefulness of these markers as indicators of proliferative activity in cancer tissues that may bear information on tumor progression and have a prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Darzynkiewicz
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Hong Zhao
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Sufang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Y.W.T. Lee Marietta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Y.C. Lee Ernest
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
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