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Guillory WX, de Medeiros Magalhães F, Coelho FEA, Bonatelli IAS, Palma-Silva C, Moraes EM, Garda AA, Burbrink FT, Gehara M. Geoclimatic drivers of diversification in the largest arid and semi-arid environment of the Neotropics: Perspectives from phylogeography. Mol Ecol 2024:e17431. [PMID: 38877815 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The South American Dry Diagonal, also called the Diagonal of Open Formations, is a large region of seasonally dry vegetation extending from northeastern Brazil to northern Argentina, comprising the Caatinga, Cerrado, and Chaco subregions. A growing body of phylogeography literature has determined that a complex history of climatic changes coupled with more ancient geological events has produced a diverse and endemic-rich Dry Diagonal biota. However, the exact drivers are still under investigation, and their relative strengths and effects are controversial. Pleistocene climatic fluctuations structured lineages via vegetation shifts, refugium formation, and corridors between the Amazon and Atlantic forests. In some taxa, older geological events, such as the reconfiguration of the São Francisco River, uplift of the Central Brazilian Plateau, or the Miocene inundation of the Chaco by marine incursions, were more important. Here, we review the Dry Diagonal phylogeography literature, discussing each hypothesized driver of diversification and assessing degree of support. Few studies statistically test these hypotheses, with most support drawn from associating encountered phylogeographic patterns such as population structure with the timing of ancient geoclimatic events. Across statistical studies, most hypotheses are well supported, with the exception of the Pleistocene Arc Hypothesis. However, taxonomic and regional biases persist, such as a proportional overabundance of herpetofauna studies, and the under-representation of Chaco studies. Overall, both Pleistocene climate change and Neogene geological events shaped the evolution of the Dry Diagonal biota, though the precise effects are regionally and taxonomically varied. We encourage further use of model-based analyses to test evolutionary scenarios, as well as interdisciplinary collaborations to progress the field beyond its current focus on the traditional set of geoclimatic hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson X Guillory
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University Newark, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University Newark, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | - Isabel A S Bonatelli
- Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clarisse Palma-Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evandro M Moraes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adrian Antonio Garda
- Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Frank T Burbrink
- Department of Herpetology, The American Museum of Natural History, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Marcelo Gehara
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University Newark, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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Arantes ÍC, Vasconcellos MM, Smith ML, Garrick RC, Colli GR, Noonan BP. Species limits and diversification of the Dendropsophus rubicundulus subgroup (Anura, Hylidae) in Neotropical savannas. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023:107843. [PMID: 37286064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the processes that generate and maintain biodiversity at and below the species level is a central goal of evolutionary biology. Here we explore the spatial and temporal drivers of diversification of the treefrog subgroup Dendropsophus rubicundulus, a subgroup of the D. microcephalus species group, over periods of pronounced geological and climatic changes in the Neotropical savannas that they inhabit. This subgroup currently comprises 11 recognized species distributed across the Brazilian and Bolivian savannas, but the taxonomy has been in a state of flux, necessitating reexamination. Using newly generated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) and mitochondrial 16S sequence data for ∼150 specimens, we inferred phylogenetic relationships, tested species limits using a model-based approach, and estimated divergence times to gain insights into the geographic and climatic events that affected the diversification of this subgroup. Our results recognized at least nine species: D. anataliasiasi, D. araguaya, D. cerradensis, D. elianeae, D. jimi, D. rubicundulus, D. tritaeniatus, D. rozenmani, and D. sanborni. Although we did not collect SNP data for the latter two species, they are likely distinct based on mitochondrial data. In addition, we found genetic structure within the widespread species D. rubicundulus, which comprises three allopatric lineages connected by gene flow upon secondary contact. We also found evidence of population structure and perhaps undescribed diversity in D. elianeae, which warrants further study. The D. rubicundulus subgroup is estimated to have originated in the Late Miocene (∼5.45 million years ago), with diversification continuing through the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene, followed by the most recent divergence of D. rubicundulus lineages in the Middle Pleistocene. The epeirogenic uplift followed by erosion and denudation of the central Brazilian plateau throughout the Pliocene and Pleistocene, in combination with the increasing frequency and amplitude of climatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene, was important for generating and structuring diversity at or below the species level in the D. rubicundulus subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ísis C Arantes
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Mariana M Vasconcellos
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Megan L Smith
- Department of Biology and Department of Computer Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Ryan C Garrick
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Guarino R Colli
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Brice P Noonan
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
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Marinho RC, Mendes-Rodrigues C, Resende-Moreira LC, Lovato MB, Bonetti AM, Oliveira PE. Phylogeography of Eriotheca species complex: insights into the origin and range expansion of apomictic and polyploid trees in Neotropical Savannas. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:457-467. [PMID: 36728131 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polyploidy and whole genome duplication are major evolutionary drivers in plants. Climate variations during the Pleistocene have influenced distribution and range expansion worldwide. Similar trends have been reported for Cerrado plants, but no attempt has been made to link phylogeography with ploidy and breeding changes. Thus, we aimed to (i) assess ploidy and genome size of Eriotheca estevesiae Carv.-Sobr., and compare it with E. pubescens (Mart.) Schott & Endl. (Both included into the Eriotheca Stellate Trichome Species Complex - ESTSC). (ii) Subsequently, we investigated their phylogeography to see whether genetic structure and range expansion trends were similar to those previously described for the Cerrado biome. Finally (iii), we discuss whether ESTSC phylogeographic patterns could be associated with geographic parthenogenesis processes. Common cytogenetic techniques and flow cytometry were used to confirm chromosome number and genome size of E. estevesiae. We used three cpDNA regions to analyse 14 ESTSC Cerrado populations, for which we also obtained ploidy level and breeding information. We investigated haplotype diversity, population structure and tested neutrality, aiming to reconstruct phylogeographic scenarios. We found three ploidy levels and eight cpDNA haplotypes in ESTSC, one shared by most populations. Haplotype and ploidy distribution corroborated that E. pubescens, the widely distributed polyploid and apomictic species, may have originated from northern diploid and probably sexual E. estevesiae. Matrilinear cpDNA links support the idea that apomixis and polyploidy in ESTSC may have allowed range expansion during the Pleistocene, in a process analogous to the geographic parthenogenesis described elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Marinho
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - C Mendes-Rodrigues
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - L C Resende-Moreira
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M B Lovato
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A M Bonetti
- Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - P E Oliveira
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Xu SJ, Shen HM, Cui YB, Chen SB, Xu B, Chen JH. Genetic diversity and natural selection of rif gene (PF3D7_1254800) in the Plasmodium falciparum global populations. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2023; 254:111558. [PMID: 36918126 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2023.111558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
To reveal the genetic characteristics of one member of the Plasmodium falciparum repetitive interspersed family (rif), we sequenced the rif gene (PF3D7_1254800) in 53 field isolates collected from Ghana-imported cases into China and compared them with 350 publicly available P. falciparum rif sequences from global populations. In the Ghana-imported population, the nucleotide diversities were 0.05714 and 0.06616 for the full length and variable region of rif gene, respectively. Meanwhile, 22 and 20 haplotypes were identified for the full length and variable region of rif gene (Hd = 0.843 and 0.838, respectively). Diversity of rif gene in Ghana-imported population was higher than that observed in Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, Mali, Ghana, and Senegal populations. In this analysis, we found high genetic diversity of rif gene in global P. falciparum populations and identified 158 haplotypes. Tajima's D-test shows that there are large differences in the direction of selection between the conserved and variable region of rif gene. Tajima's D value for the variable region was 0.20074, indicating that balancing selection existed in this region. We found that the variable region was the main target of selection for positive diversification, and most mutation sites were located in this region. The population structure suggested optimized cluster values of K = 6. The five groups in Ghana-imported population included a unique subpopulation. Our results reveal the dynamics of the rif gene (PF3D7_1254800) in P. falciparum populations, which can aid in the rational design of P. falciparum rif-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jie Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai 200025, PR China; National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai 200025, PR China; World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, PR China; National Centre for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Hai-Mo Shen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai 200025, PR China; National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai 200025, PR China; World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, PR China; National Centre for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Yan-Bing Cui
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai 200025, PR China; National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai 200025, PR China; World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, PR China; National Centre for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Shen-Bo Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai 200025, PR China; National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai 200025, PR China; World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, PR China; National Centre for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Bin Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai 200025, PR China; National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai 200025, PR China; World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, PR China; National Centre for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Jun-Hu Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai 200025, PR China; National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai 200025, PR China; World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, PR China; National Centre for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, PR China; School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China; School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, PR China.
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Kohari KS, Palma-Onetto V, Scheffrahn RH, Vasconcellos A, Cancello EM, Santos RG, Carrijo TF. Evolutionary history of Nasutitermes kemneri (Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae), a termite from the South American diagonal of open formations. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1081114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the phylogeography of termites in the Neotropical region. Here, we explored the genetic patterns and phylogeographical processes in the evolutionary history of Nasutitermes kemneri, an endemic termite of the South American diagonal of open formations (DOF) formed by the Chaco, Cerrado, and Caatinga phytogeographic domains. We sampled 60 individuals across the three domains of the DOF, and using the mitochondrial genes 16S, COI, and COII, as well as the nuclear gene ITS, evaluated the genetic diversity and divergence time of the populations, along with their genetic structure. The results show a strong genetic and spatial structure within the samples, evidencing the existence of two well-differentiated genetic groups: the Northeastern and the Southwestern populations, which diverged about 2.5 Mya, during the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary. The Northeastern population, which encompasses Caatinga and northern portions of Cerrado, has an intricate structure and seems to have suffered repetitive retraction-expansion events due to climactic fluctuations during the Quaternary. The Southwestern population, which ranges from central-south Cerrado to the northeast peripherical portions of the Chaco, displays a star-shaped haplotype structure, indicating that this region may have acted as a refugia during interglacial periods.
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Hernández C, Alvarado M, Salgado-Roa FC, Ballesteros N, Rueda-M N, Oliveira J, Alevi KCC, da Rosa JA, Urbano P, Salazar C, Ramírez JD. Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary patterns of the genus Psammolestes Bergroth, 1911 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). BMC Ecol Evol 2022; 22:30. [PMID: 35279099 PMCID: PMC8918316 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-022-01987-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evolutionary history of biodiversity in South America has been poorly studied in the seasonal dry tropical forest (SDTF). Species diversification in this ecosystem may have a twofold explanation. First, intermittent connections in the middle and late Pleistocene promoted species dispersal and/or genetic connectivity between lineages isolated in disjunct patches of forest. Second, allopatric speciation proceeded immediately after the formation and colonization of the SDTF in the Neogene. Here we studied the diversification of Psammolestes, a genus endemic of the SDTF and naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi (agent of Chagas disease), using a combination of phylogenetic, population genetics and niche model methods, and evaluated the reliability of the three morphospecies currently recognized. RESULTS Our multilocus analyses recovered P. coreodes and P. tertius in a monophyletic clade sister to P. arthuri. Species delimitation tests recovered these lineages as different species despite the shared genetic variation observed between P. coreodes and P. tertius in five genes. Also, genetic variation of the genus clustered in three groups that were consistent with the three morphospecies. Our demographic model predicted a scenario of divergence in absence of gene flow, suggesting that mixed haplotypes may be the result of shared ancestral variation since the divergence of the subtropical-temperate species P. coreodes and P. tertius. In contrast, the tropical species P. arthuri was highly differentiated from the other two in all tests of genetic structure, and consistently, the Monmonier's algorithm identified a clear geographical barrier that separates this species from P. coreodes and P. tertius. CONCLUSIONS We found three genetically structured lineages within Psammolestes that diverged in absence of gene flow in the late Miocene. This result supports a scenario of species formation driven by geographical isolation rather than by divergence in the face of gene flow associated with climatic oscillations in the Pleistocene. Also, we identified the Amazon basin as a climatic barrier that separates tropical from subtropical-temperate species, thus promoting allopatric speciation after long range dispersion. Finally, each species of Psammolestes occupies different climatic niches suggesting that niche conservatism is not crucial for species differentiation. These findings influence the current vector surveillance programs of Chagas disease in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Hernández
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMIBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mateo Alvarado
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMIBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fabian C Salgado-Roa
- Grupo de Genética Evolutiva y Filogeografía, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.,School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Nathalia Ballesteros
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMIBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nicol Rueda-M
- Grupo de Genética Evolutiva y Filogeografía, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jader Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, 01000, Brazil.,Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Saúde Pública, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, 01000, Brazil
| | - Joao Aristeu da Rosa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, 01000, Brazil
| | - Plutarco Urbano
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biológicas de la Orinoquia, Universidad Internacional del Trópico Americano (Unitrópico), Yopal, Colombia
| | - Camilo Salazar
- Grupo de Genética Evolutiva y Filogeografía, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMIBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Fegies AC, Carmignotto AP, Perez MF, Guilardi MD, Lessinger AC. Molecular Phylogeny of Cryptonanus (Didelphidae: Thylamyini): Evidence for a recent and complex diversification in South American open biomes. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 162:107213. [PMID: 34029717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Systematic revisions of South American marsupials have contributed to our knowledge about genus and species diversity in the last decades, including studies of the most recently described genus Cryptonanus (Didelphidae), currently comprising four recognized species. Herein we provide the first phylogeny for these mouse opossums based on comprehensive sampling, including representatives from all nominal taxa, encompassing most of the geographic distribution of the genus while also extending its known range. The taxonomic status of Cryptonanus species was explored by analyses of multiple mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers to assess phylogenetic relationships and to provide divergence time estimates, species delimitations and biogeographical hypotheses. Cryptonanus monophyly remained highly supported despite the inclusion of abundant new data from more than a hundred specimens, comprising 10 independent evolutionary lineages. Species-complexes within valid nominal taxa reveal higher species richness in the genus. Based on divergence estimates from a dated phylogeny, we suggest that Cryptonanus diversified along the Quaternary, with speciation events occurring well into the Pleistocene. The best supported biogeographical hypothesis endorses speciation by vicariance and subset speciation across open formations in shaping the evolutionary history of this didelphid genus, strongly associated with dry tropical landscapes of South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Fegies
- Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus Sorocaba, Av. Três de Março 511, Sorocaba, São Paulo CEP 18087-180, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Carmignotto
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Sorocaba, São Paulo CEP 18052-780, Brazil.
| | - Manolo Fernandez Perez
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luís km 235, São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Mariana Dias Guilardi
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil 1500, São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05503-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Lessinger
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Sorocaba, São Paulo CEP 18052-780, Brazil.
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Backes A, Mäder G, Turchetto C, Segatto AL, Fregonezi JN, Bonatto SL, Freitas LB. How diverse can rare species be on the margins of genera distribution? AOB PLANTS 2019; 11:plz037. [PMID: 31391895 PMCID: PMC6677564 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plz037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Different genetic patterns have been demonstrated for narrowly distributed taxa, many of them linking rarity to evolutionary history. Quite a few species in young genera are endemics and have several populations that present low variability, sometimes attributed to geographical isolation or dispersion processes. Assessing the genetic diversity and structure of such species may be important for protecting them and understanding their diversification history. In this study, we used microsatellite markers and plastid sequences to characterize the levels of genetic variation and population structure of two endemic and restricted species that grow in isolated areas on the margin of the distribution of their respective genera. Plastid and nuclear diversities were very low and weakly structured in their populations. Evolutionary scenarios for both species are compatible with open-field expansions during the Pleistocene interglacial periods and genetic variability supports founder effects to explain diversification. At present, both species are suffering from habitat loss and changes in the environment can lead these species towards extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Backes
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Mäder
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Turchetto
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Segatto
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jeferson N Fregonezi
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sandro L Bonatto
- Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Loreta B Freitas
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Habitat preference differentiates the Holocene range dynamics but not barrier effects on two sympatric, congeneric trees (Tristaniopsis, Myrtaceae). Heredity (Edinb) 2019; 123:532-548. [PMID: 31243348 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-019-0243-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Niche partitioning can lead to differences in the range dynamics of plant species through its impacts on habitat availability, dispersal, or selection for traits that affect colonization and persistence. We investigated whether niche partitioning into upland and riparian habitats differentiates the range dynamics of two closely related and sympatric eastern Australian trees: the mountain water gum (Tristaniopsis collina) and the water gum (T. laurina). Using genomic data from SNP genotyping of 480 samples, we assessed the impact of biogeographic barriers and tested for signals of range expansion. Circuit theory was used to model isolation-by-resistance across three palaeo-environment scenarios: the Last Glacial Maximum, the Holocene Climate Optimum and present-day (1950-2014). Both trees showed similar genetic structure across historically dry barriers, despite evidence of significant environmental niche differentiation and different post-glacial habitat shifts. Tristaniopsis collina exhibits the signature of serial founder effects consistent with recent or rapid range expansion, whilst T. laurina has genetic patterns consistent with long-term persistence in geographically isolated populations despite occupying a broader bioclimatic niche. We found the minor influence of isolation-by-resistance on both species, though other unknown factors appear to shape genetic variation. We postulate that specialized recruitment traits (adapted to flood-disturbance regimes) rather than habitat availability limited post-glacial range expansion in T. laurina. Our findings indicate that niche breadth does not always facilitate range expansion through colonization and migration across barriers, though it can promote long-term persistence in situ.
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Vasconcellos MM, Colli GR, Weber JN, Ortiz EM, Rodrigues MT, Cannatella DC. Isolation by instability: Historical climate change shapes population structure and genomic divergence of treefrogs in the Neotropical Cerrado savanna. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:1748-1764. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Guarino R. Colli
- Departamento de Zoologia Universidade de Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | - Jesse N. Weber
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alaska Anchorage Anchorage, Alaska
| | - Edgardo M. Ortiz
- Department of Integrative Biology The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas
- Plant Biodiversity Research Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management Technical University of Munich Freising Germany
| | - Miguel T. Rodrigues
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - David C. Cannatella
- Department of Integrative Biology The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas
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11
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Leal BSS, Medeiros LR, Peres EA, Sobral-Souza T, Palma-Silva C, Romero GQ, Carareto CMA. Insights into the evolutionary dynamics of Neotropical biomes from the phylogeography and paleodistribution modeling of Bromelia balansae. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2018; 105:1725-1734. [PMID: 30324691 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Historical abiotic and biotic factors have strongly affected species diversification and speciation. Although pre-Pleistocene events have been linked to the divergence of several Neotropical organisms, studies have highlighted a more prominent role of Pleistocene climatic oscillations in shaping current patterns of genetic variation of plants. METHODS We performed phylogeographic analyses based on plastidial markers and modeled the current distribution and paleodistribution of Bromelia balansae (Bromeliaceae), an herbaceous species with a wide geographical distribution in South America, to infer the processes underlying its evolutionary history. KEY RESULTS Combined molecular and paleodistributional modeling analyses indicated retraction during the Last Glacial Maximum followed by interglacial expansion. Populations occurring in the semideciduous Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado formed two distinct genetic clusters, which have been historically or ecologically isolated since late Pliocene to early Pleistocene. Populations located in the transition zone had higher levels of genetic diversity, as expected by the long-term climatic stability in the region detected in our ecological niche models. CONCLUSIONS Our study adds important information on how herbaceous species have been affected by past climate in Central and Southeast Brazil, helping to disentangle the complex processes that have triggered the evolution of Neotropical biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara S S Leal
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências, Câmpus de Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Lilian R Medeiros
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas (Ibilce), Câmpus São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Elen A Peres
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Instituto de Biociências, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Thadeu Sobral-Souza
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências, Câmpus de Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Clarisse Palma-Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências, Câmpus de Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Instituto de Biologia, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Q Romero
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Instituto de Biologia, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Claudia M A Carareto
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas (Ibilce), Câmpus São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil
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12
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Buzatti RSDO, Pfeilsticker TR, de Magalhães RF, Bueno ML, Lemos-Filho JP, Lovato MB. Genetic and Historical Colonization Analyses of an Endemic Savanna Tree, Qualea grandiflora, Reveal Ancient Connections Between Amazonian Savannas and Cerrado Core. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:981. [PMID: 30065733 PMCID: PMC6056688 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary processes underlying the high diversity and endemism in the Cerrado, the most extensive Neotropical savanna, remain unclear, including the factors promoting the presence and evolution of savanna enclaves in the Amazon forest. In this study, we investigated the effects of past climate changes on genetic diversity, dynamics of species range and the historical connections between the savanna enclaves and Cerrado core for Qualea grandiflora, a tree species widely distributed in the biome. Totally, 40 populations distributed in the Cerrado core and Amazon savannas were analyzed using chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences. We used phylogeographic, coalescent and ecological niche modeling approaches. Genetic data revealed a phylogeographic structure shaped by Pleistocene climatic oscillations. An eastern-western split in the Cerrado core was observed. The central portion of the Cerrado core harbored most of the sampled diversity for cpDNA. Ecological niche models predicted the presence of a large historical refuge in this region and multiple small refuges in peripheral areas. Relaxed Random Walk (RRW) models indicated the ancestral population in the north-western border of the central portion of the Cerrado core and cyclical dynamics of colonization related to Pleistocene climatic oscillations. Central and western ancient connections between Cerrado core and Amazonian savannas were observed. No evidence of connections among the Amazonian savannas was detected. Our study highlights the importance of Pleistocene climatic oscillations for structuring the genetic diversity of Q. grandiflora and complex evolutionary history of ecotonal areas in the Cerrado. Our results do not support the recent replacement of a large area in the Amazon forest by savanna vegetation. The Amazonian savannas appear to be fragmented and isolated from each other, evolving independently a long ago.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais R. Pfeilsticker
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rafael Félix de Magalhães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcelo L. Bueno
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - José P. Lemos-Filho
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria B. Lovato
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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13
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Vitorino LC, Lima-Ribeiro MS, Terribile LC, Collevatti RG. Demographical expansion of Handroanthus ochraceus in the Cerrado during the Quaternary: implications for the genetic diversity of Neotropical trees. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Cristina Vitorino
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Matheus S Lima-Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Macroecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Jataí, GO, Brazil
| | - Levi Carina Terribile
- Laboratório de Macroecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Jataí, GO, Brazil
| | - Rosane G Collevatti
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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14
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Resende-Moreira LC, Vasconcelos PND, Souto AP, Menezes APA, Lemos-Filho JPD, Lovato MB. East-west divergence in central Brazilian Cerrado revealed by cpDNA sequences of a bird-dispersed tree species. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Souza HAVE, Collevatti RG, Lima-Ribeiro MS, Lemos-Filho JPD, Lovato MB. A large historical refugium explains spatial patterns of genetic diversity in a Neotropical savanna tree species. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2017; 119:239-252. [PMID: 27311573 PMCID: PMC5321056 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The relative role of Pleistocene climate changes in driving the geographic distribution and genetic diversity of South American species is not well known, especially from open biomes such as the Cerrado, the most diverse tropical savanna, encompassing high levels of endemism. Here the effects of Quaternary climatic changes on demographic history, distribution dynamics and genetic diversity of Dimorphandra mollis, an endemic tree species widely distributed in the Cerrado, were investigated. METHODS A total of 38 populations covering most of the distribution of D. mollis were analysed using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences and nuclear microsatellite variation [simple sequence repeats (SSRs)]. The framework incorporated statistical phylogeography, coalescent analyses and ecological niche modelling (ENM). KEY RESULTS Different signatures of Quaternary climatic changes were found for ITS sequences and SSRs corresponding to different time slices. Coalescent analyses revealed large and constant effective population sizes, with high historical connectivity among the populations for ITS sequences and low effective population sizes and gene flow with recent population retraction for SSRs. ENMs indicated a slight geographical range retraction during the Last Glacial Maximum. A large historical refugium across central Brazil was predicted. Spatially explicit analyses showed a spatial cline pattern in genetic diversity related to the paleodistribution of D. mollis and to the centre of its historical refugium. CONCLUSIONS The complex genetic patterns found in D. mollis are the result of a slight geographical range retraction during the Last Glacial Maximum followed by population expansion to the east and south from a large refugium in the central part of the Cerrado. This historical refugium is coincident with an area predicted to be climatically stable under future climate scenarios. The identified refugium should be given high priority in conservation polices to safeguard the evolutionary potential of the species under predicted future climatic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Augusta Viana E Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosane Garcia Collevatti
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, ICB, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Caixa Postal 131, 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Matheus S Lima-Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Macroecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Jataí, 75801-615 Jataí, GO, Brazil
| | - José Pires de Lemos-Filho
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Bernadete Lovato
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Ribeiro PC, Souza ML, Muller LAC, Ellis VA, Heuertz M, Lemos-Filho JP, Lovato MB. Climatic drivers of leaf traits and genetic divergence in the tree Annona crassiflora: a broad spatial survey in the Brazilian savannas. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:3789-3803. [PMID: 27062055 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Cerrado is the largest South American savanna and encompasses substantial species diversity and environmental variation. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the influence of the environment on population divergence of Cerrado species. Here, we searched for climatic drivers of genetic (nuclear microsatellites) and leaf trait divergence in Annona crassiflora, a widespread tree in the Cerrado. The sampling encompassed all phytogeographic provinces of the continuous area of the Cerrado and included 397 individuals belonging to 21 populations. Populations showed substantial genetic and leaf trait divergence across the species' range. Our data revealed three spatially defined genetic groups (eastern, western and southern) and two morphologically distinct groups (eastern and western only). The east-west split in both the morphological and genetic data closely mirrors previously described phylogeographic patterns of Cerrado species. Generalized linear mixed effects models and multiple regression analyses revealed several climatic factors associated with both genetic and leaf trait divergence among populations of A. crassiflora. Isolation by environment (IBE) was mainly due to temperature seasonality and precipitation of the warmest quarter. Populations that experienced lower precipitation summers and hotter winters had heavier leaves and lower specific leaf area. The southwestern area of the Cerrado had the highest genetic diversity of A. crassiflora, suggesting that this region may have been climatically stable. Overall, we demonstrate that a combination of current climate and past climatic changes have shaped the population divergence and spatial structure of A. crassiflora. However, the genetic structure of A. crassiflora reflects the biogeographic history of the species more strongly than leaf traits, which are more related to current climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priciane C Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Matheus L Souza
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Larissa A C Muller
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vincenzo A Ellis
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Myriam Heuertz
- Forest Ecology and Genetics, Forest Research Centre, INIA, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- BIOGECO, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, 33610, Cestas, France
| | - José P Lemos-Filho
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Bernadete Lovato
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Guarnizo CE, Werneck FP, Giugliano LG, Santos MG, Fenker J, Sousa L, D’Angiolella AB, dos Santos AR, Strüssmann C, Rodrigues MT, Dorado-Rodrigues TF, Gamble T, Colli GR. Cryptic lineages and diversification of an endemic anole lizard (Squamata, Dactyloidae) of the Cerrado hotspot. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 94:279-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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18
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Collevatti RG, Terribile LC, Rabelo SG, Lima-Ribeiro MS. Relaxed random walk model coupled with ecological niche modeling unravel the dispersal dynamics of a Neotropical savanna tree species in the deeper Quaternary. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:653. [PMID: 26379681 PMCID: PMC4548090 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the dispersal routes of Neotropical savanna tree species is an essential step to unravel the effects of past climate change on genetic patterns, species distribution and population demography. Here we reconstruct the demographic history and dispersal dynamics of the Neotropical savanna tree species Tabebuia aurea to understand the effects of Quaternary climate change on its current spatial patterns of genetic diversity. We sampled 285 individuals from 21 populations throughout Brazilian savannas and sequenced all individuals for three chloroplast intergenic spacers and ITS nrDNA. We analyzed data using a multi-model inference framework by coupling the relaxed random walk model (RRW), ecological niche modeling (ENM) and statistical phylogeography. The most recent common ancestor of T. aurea lineages dated from ~4.0 ± 2.5 Ma. T. aurea lineages cyclically dispersed from the West toward the Central-West Brazil, and from the Southeast toward the East and Northeast Brazil, following the paleodistribution dynamics shown by the ENMs through the last glacial cycle. A historical refugium through time may have allowed dispersal of lineages among populations of Central Brazil, overlapping with population expansion during interglacial periods and the diversification of new lineages. Range and population expansion through the Quaternary were, respectively, the most frequent prediction from ENMs and the most likely demographic scenario from coalescent simulations. Consistent phylogeographic patterns among multiple modeling inferences indicate a promising approach, allowing us to understand how cyclical climate changes through the Quaternary drove complex population dynamics and the current patterns of species distribution and genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosane G. Collevatti
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidade Federal de GoiásGoiânia, Brasil
- *Correspondence: Rosane G. Collevatti, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, CP 131, 74001-970 Goiânia, Brasil
| | - Levi C. Terribile
- Laboratório de Macroecologia, Universidade Federal de GoiásJataí, Brasil
| | - Suelen G. Rabelo
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidade Federal de GoiásGoiânia, Brasil
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Ley A, Hardy O. Contrasting patterns of gene flow between sister plant species in the understorey of African moist forests – The case of sympatric and parapatric Marantaceae species. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2014; 77:264-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Lacerda LP, Malaquias G, Peron AP. Antiproliferative action of aqueous extracts of Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. (Fabaceae) on the cell cycle of Allium cepa L. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2014; 86:1147-50. [PMID: 25029361 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201420130163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we evaluated the action of crude aqueous extracts obtained from rhytidome of Hymenaea stigonocarpa (jatobá-do-cerrado) on Allium cepa meristematic root cells in three concentrations: 0.082, 0.164, 0.328g/mL, at exposure times of 24 and 48 h. The slides were prepared by the crushing technique, and cells analyzed throughout the cell cycle, totaling 5000 for each control group and concentration. It was found that all three concentrations, including the lowest which is considered ideal for use, in all exposure times, had significant antiproliferative action on the cell cycle of this test system. For cells under division, we observed a high number of cells in prophase. Therefore, under the conditions studied H. stigonocarpa indicated to be cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourran P Lacerda
- Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada a Saúde e ao Meio-Ambiente (NUPBSAM), Laboratório de Citogenética Vegetal e Animal, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros (CSHNB), Picos, PI, Brasil
| | - Geiz Malaquias
- Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada a Saúde e ao Meio-Ambiente (NUPBSAM), Laboratório de Citogenética Vegetal e Animal, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros (CSHNB), Picos, PI, Brasil
| | - Ana Paula Peron
- Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada a Saúde e ao Meio-Ambiente (NUPBSAM), Laboratório de Citogenética Vegetal e Animal, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros (CSHNB), Picos, PI, Brasil
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Souza IM, Funch LS, de Queiroz LP. Morphological analyses suggest a new taxonomic circumscription for Hymenaea courbaril L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae). PHYTOKEYS 2014; 38:101-118. [PMID: 25009440 PMCID: PMC4086212 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.38.7408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hymenaea is a genus of the Resin-producing Clade of the tribe Detarieae (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae) with 14 species. Hymenaea courbaril is the most widespread species of the genus, ranging from southern Mexico to southeastern Brazil. As currently circumscribed, Hymenaea courbaril is a polytypic species with six varieties: var. altissima, var. courbaril, var. longifolia, var. stilbocarpa, var. subsessilis, and var. villosa. These varieties are distinguishable mostly by traits related to leaflet shape and indumentation, and calyx indumentation. We carried out morphometric analyses of 14 quantitative (continuous) leaf characters in order to assess the taxonomy of Hymenaea courbaril under the Unified Species Concept framework. Cluster analysis used the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrices. Principal Component Analyses (PCA) were carried out based on the same morphometric matrix. Two sets of Analyses of Similarity and Non Parametric Multivariate Analysis of Variance were carried out to evaluate statistical support (1) for the major groups recovered using UPGMA and PCA, and (2) for the varieties. All analyses recovered three major groups coincident with (1) var. altissima, (2) var. longifolia, and (3) all other varieties. These results, together with geographical and habitat information, were taken as evidence of three separate metapopulation lineages recognized here as three distinct species. Nomenclatural adjustments, including reclassifying formerly misapplied types, are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isys Mascarenhas Souza
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica,Herbário, Km 03-BR 116, Campus. 44031-460, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Ligia Silveira Funch
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica,Herbário, Km 03-BR 116, Campus. 44031-460, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Luciano Paganucci de Queiroz
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica,Herbário, Km 03-BR 116, Campus. 44031-460, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil
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Bonatelli IAS, Perez MF, Peterson AT, Taylor NP, Zappi DC, Machado MC, Koch I, Pires AHC, Moraes EM. Interglacial microrefugia and diversification of a cactus species complex: phylogeography and palaeodistributional reconstructions forPilosocereus aurisetusand allies. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:3044-63. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel A. S. Bonatelli
- Departamento de Biologia; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110 18052780 Sorocaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Manolo F. Perez
- Departamento de Biologia; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110 18052780 Sorocaba São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Nigel P. Taylor
- National Parks Board; Singapore Botanic Gardens; 1 Cluny Road Singapore 259569 Singapore
- Royal Botanic Gardens; Kew Richmond Surrey TW9 3AB UK
| | - Daniela C. Zappi
- Royal Botanic Gardens; Kew Richmond Surrey TW9 3AB UK
- Gardens by the Bay; 18 Marina Gardens Drive Singapore Singapore
| | - Marlon C. Machado
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana; Rodovia BR 116 km 03 44031-460 Feira de Santana Bahia Brazil
| | - Ingrid Koch
- Departamento de Biologia; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110 18052780 Sorocaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Adriana H. C. Pires
- Departamento de Biologia; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110 18052780 Sorocaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Evandro M. Moraes
- Departamento de Biologia; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110 18052780 Sorocaba São Paulo Brazil
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Machado T, Silva VX, Silva MJDJ. Phylogenetic relationships within Bothrops neuwiedi group (Serpentes, Squamata): Geographically highly-structured lineages, evidence of introgressive hybridization and Neogene/Quaternary diversification. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2014; 71:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Lira-Noriega A, Manthey JD. Relationship of genetic diversity and niche centrality: a survey and analysis. Evolution 2014; 68:1082-93. [PMID: 24372193 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of genetic diversity within and among populations in relation to species' geographic ranges is important to understanding processes of evolution, speciation, and biogeography. One hypothesis predicts that natural populations at geographic range margins will have lower genetic diversity relative to those located centrally in species' distributions owing to a link between geographic and environmental marginality; alternatively, genetic variation may be unrelated with geographic marginality via decoupling of geographic and environmental marginality. We investigate the predictivity of geographic patterns of genetic variation based on geographic and environmental marginality using published genetic diversity data for 40 species (insects, plants, birds, mammals, worms). Only about half of species showed positive relationships between geographic and environmental marginality. Three analyses (sign test, multiple linear regression, and meta-analysis of correlation effect sizes) showed a negative relationship between genetic diversity and distance to environmental niche centroid, but no consistent relationship of genetic diversity with distance to geographic range center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Lira-Noriega
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, 1345 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, 1345 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045.
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Novaes RML, Ribeiro RA, Lemos-Filho JP, Lovato MB. Concordance between phylogeographical and biogeographical patterns in the Brazilian Cerrado: diversification of the endemic tree Dalbergia miscolobium (Fabaceae). PLoS One 2013; 8:e82198. [PMID: 24312640 PMCID: PMC3846898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies have addressed the phylogeography of species of the Cerrado, the largest savanna biome of South America. Here we aimed to investigate the phylogeographical structure of Dalbergia miscolobium, a widespread tree from the Cerrado, and to verify its concordance with plant phylogeographical and biogeographical patterns so far described. A total of 287 individuals from 32 populations were analyzed by sequencing the trnL intron of the chloroplast DNA and the internal transcribed spacer of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. Analysis of population structure and tests of population expansion were performed and the time of divergence of haplotypes was estimated. Twelve and 27 haplotypes were identified in the cpDNA and nrDNA data, respectively. The star-like network configuration and the mismatch distributions indicated a recent spatial and demographic expansion of the species. Consistent with previous tree phylogeographical studies of Cerrado trees, the cpDNA also suggested a recent expansion towards the southern Cerrado. The diversity of D. miscolobium was widespread but high levels of genetic diversity were found in the Central Eastern and in the southern portion of Central Western Cerrado. The combined analysis of cpDNA and nrDNA supported a phylogeographic structure into seven groups. The phylogeographical pattern showed many concordances with biogeographical and phylogeographical studies in the Cerrado, mainly with the Cerrado phytogeographic provinces superimposed to our sampling area. The data reinforced the uniqueness of Northeastern and Southeastern Cerrados and the differentiation between Eastern and Western Central Cerrados. The recent diversification of the species (estimated between the Pliocene and the Pleistocene) and the ‘genealogical concordances’ suggest that a shared and persistent pattern of species diversification might have been present in the Cerrado over time. This is the first time that an extensive ‘genealogical concordance’ between phylogeographic and phytogeographic patterns is shown for the Cerrado biome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Acácio Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brasil
| | - José Pires Lemos-Filho
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Maria Bernadete Lovato
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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Zhang HX, Zhang ML, Sanderson SC. Retreating or standing: responses of forest species and steppe species to climate change in arid Eastern Central Asia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61954. [PMID: 23596532 PMCID: PMC3626637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The temperature in arid Eastern Central Asia is projected to increase in the future, accompanied by increased variability of precipitation. To investigate the impacts of climate change on plant species in this area, we selected two widespread species as candidates, Clematis sibirica and C. songorica, from montane coniferous forest and arid steppe habitats respectively. Methodology/Principal Findings We employed a combined approach of molecular phylogeography and species distribution modelling (SDM) to predict the future responses of these two species to climate change, utilizing evidence of responses from the past. Genetic data for C. sibirica shows a significant phylogeographical signal (NST > FST, P<0.05) and demographic contraction during the glacial-interglacial cycles in the Pleistocene. This forest species would likely experience range reduction, though without genetic loss, in the face of future climate change. In contrast, SDMs predict that C. songorica, a steppe species, should maintain a consistently stable potential distribution under the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the future climatic conditions referring to its existing potential distribution. Molecular results indicate that the presence of significant phylogeographical signal in this steppe species is rejected and this species contains a high level of genetic differentiation among populations in cpDNA, likely benefiting from stable habitats over a lengthy time period. Conclusions/Significance Evidence from the molecular phylogeography of these two species, the forest species is more sensitive to past climate changes than the steppe species. SDMs predict that the forest species will face the challenge of potential range contraction in the future more than the steppe species. This provides a perspective on ecological management in arid Eastern Central Asia, indicating that increased attention should be paid to montane forest species, due to their high sensitivity to disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Stewart C. Sanderson
- Shrub Sciences Laboratory, Intermountain Research Station, Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Provo, Utah, United States of America
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Brito RM, de Oliveira Francisco F, Françoso E, Santiago LR, Arias MC. Very low mitochondrial variability in a stingless bee endemic to cerrado. Genet Mol Biol 2013; 36:124-8. [PMID: 23569418 PMCID: PMC3615517 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572013000100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Partamona mulata is a stingless bee species endemic to cerrado, a severely threatened phytogeographical domain. Clearing for pasture without proper soil treatment in the cerrado facilitates the proliferation of termite ground nests, which are the nesting sites for P. mulata. The genetic consequences of these changes in the cerrado environment for bee populations are still understudied. In this work, we analyzed the genetic diversity of 48 colonies of P. mulata collected throughout the species’ distribution range by sequencing two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome oxidase I and cytochrome B. A very low polymorphism rate was observed when compared to another Partamona species from the Atlantic forest. Exclusive haplotypes were observed in two of the five areas sampled. The sharing of two haplotypes between collection sites separated by a distance greater than the flight range of queens indicates an ancient distribution for these haplotypes. The low haplotype and nucleotide diversity observed here suggests that P. mulata is either a young species or one that has been through population bottlenecks. Locally predominant and exclusive haplotypes (H2 and H4) may have been derived from local remnants through cerrado deforestation and the expansion of a few colonies with abundant nesting sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute Magalhães Brito
- Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil. ; Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Ley AC, Hardy OJ. Improving AFLP analysis of large-scale patterns of genetic variation - a case study with the Central African lianasHaumaniaspp (Marantaceae) showing interspecific gene flow. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:1984-97. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. C. Ley
- Institut für Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten; University Halle-Wittenberg; 06108 Halle (Saale) Germany
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology; CP160/12; Faculté des Sciences; Université Libre de Bruxelles; 50 Av. F. Roosevelt 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - O. J. Hardy
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology; CP160/12; Faculté des Sciences; Université Libre de Bruxelles; 50 Av. F. Roosevelt 1050 Brussels Belgium
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Collevatti RG, Terribile LC, Lima-Ribeiro MS, Nabout JC, de Oliveira G, Rangel TF, Rabelo SG, Diniz-Filho JAF. A coupled phylogeographical and species distribution modelling approach recovers the demographical history of a Neotropical seasonally dry forest tree species. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:5845-63. [PMID: 23094833 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigated here the demographical history of Tabebuia impetiginosa (Bignoniaceae) to understand the dynamics of the disjunct geographical distribution of South American seasonally dry forests (SDFs), based on coupling an ensemble approach encompassing hindcasting species distribution modelling and statistical phylogeographical analysis. We sampled 17 populations (280 individuals) in central Brazil and analysed the polymorphisms at chloroplast (trnS-trnG, psbA-trnH, and ycf6-trnC intergenic spacers) and nuclear (ITS nrDNA) genomes. Phylogenetic analyses based on median-joining network showed no haplotype sharing among population but strong evidence of incomplete lineage sorting. Coalescent analyses showed historical constant populations size, negligible gene flow among populations, and an ancient time to most recent common ancestor dated from ~4.7 ± 1.1 Myr BP. Most divergences dated from the Lower Pleistocene, and no signal of important population size reduction was found in coalescent tree and tests of demographical expansion. Demographical scenarios were built based on past geographical range dynamic models, using two a priori biogeographical hypotheses ('Pleistocene Arc' and 'Amazonian SDF expansion') and on two additional hypotheses suggested by the palaeodistribution modelling built with several algorithms for distribution modelling and palaeoclimatic data. The simulation of these demographical scenarios showed that the pattern of diversity found so far for T. impetiginosa is in consonance with a palaeodistribution expansion during the last glacial maximum (LGM, 21 kyr BP), strongly suggesting that the current disjunct distribution of T. impetiginosa in SDFs may represent a climatic relict of a once more wide distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosane G Collevatti
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, ICB, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Cx.P. 131, 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
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Barbosa AR, Fiorini CF, Silva-Pereira V, Mello-Silva R, Borba EL. Geographical genetic structuring and phenotypic variation in the Vellozia hirsuta (Velloziaceae) ochlospecies complex. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2012; 99:1477-88. [PMID: 22889618 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1200070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Vellozia hirsuta forms a complex presenting wide morphological and anatomical variation, resulting in five specific names and 14 morpho-anatomical patterns occurring in disjunct populations. We carried out a phylogeographical study to investigate the existence of correlation among the genetic and morphological patterns within this complex, and to determine whether it is composed of various species or should be treated as an ochlospecies, a species having widely polymorphic and weakly polytypic complex variation, with morphological characteristics varying independently. METHODS We carried out phylogeographical analyses using cpDNA rpl32F-trnL intergenic region. KEY RESULTS We found 20 haplotypes in 23 populations sampled. The populations are genetically structured (Φ(ST) = 0.818) into four phylogeographical groups demonstrating geographical structuring but with no correlation with morpho-anatomical patterns. Our analyses do not support recognizing any of the species now synonymized under Vellozia hirsuta. The northern populations were the most genetically differentiated and could be considered a distinct taxon, as they are also morphologically different. CONCLUSIONS It is recommended that Vellozia hirsuta be considered a single enormously variable species. The patterns of variation within V. hirsuta probably are related to climatic changes that occurred during the Pleistocene Epoch in tropical Brazil when reductions in forest cover favored the expansion of V. hirsuta populations into extensive lowland areas. The expansion of forest cover at the end of the glaciations would have again restricted the occurrence of campos rupestres vegetation to high elevations, which constitute the current centers of diversity of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane R Barbosa
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901 Brazil
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Odee DW, Telford A, Wilson J, Gaye A, Cavers S. Plio-Pleistocene history and phylogeography of Acacia senegal in dry woodlands and savannahs of sub-Saharan tropical Africa: evidence of early colonisation and recent range expansion. Heredity (Edinb) 2012; 109:372-82. [PMID: 22929152 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2012.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Drylands are extensive across sub-Saharan Africa, socio-economically and ecologically important yet highly sensitive to environmental changes. Evolutionary history, as revealed by contemporary intraspecific genetic variation, can provide valuable insight into how species have responded to past environmental and population changes and guide strategies to promote resilience to future changes. The gum arabic tree (Acacia senegal) is an arid-adapted, morphologically diverse species native to the sub-Saharan drylands. We used variation in nuclear sequences (internal transcribed spacer (ITS)) and two types of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) markers (PCR-RFLP, cpSSR) to study the phylogeography of the species with 293 individuals from 66 populations sampled across its natural range. cpDNA data showed high regional and rangewide haplotypic diversity (h(T(cpSSR))=0.903-0.948) and population differentiation (G(ST(RFLP))=0.700-0.782) with a phylogeographic pattern that indicated extensive historical gene flow via seed dispersal. Haplotypes were not restricted to any of the four varieties, but showed significant geographic structure (G(ST(cpSSR))=0.392; R(ST)=0.673; R(ST)>R(ST) (permuted)), with the major division separating East and Southern Africa populations from those in West and Central Africa. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS data indicated a more recent origin for the clade including West and Central African haplotypes, suggesting range expansion in this region, possibly during the Holocene humid period. In conjunction with paleobotanical evidence, our data suggest dispersal to West Africa, and across to the Arabian Peninsula and Indian subcontinent, from source populations located in the East African region during climate oscillations of the Plio-Pleistocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Odee
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, Scotland, UK.
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Collevatti RG, de Castro TG, de Souza Lima J, de Campos Telles MP. Phylogeography of Tibouchina papyrus (Pohl) Toledo (Melastomataceae), an endangered tree species from rocky savannas, suggests bidirectional expansion due to climate cooling in the Pleistocene. Ecol Evol 2012; 2:1024-35. [PMID: 22837846 PMCID: PMC3399167 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 02/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Many endemic species present disjunct geographical distribution; therefore, they are suitable models to test hypotheses about the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms involved in the origin of disjunct distributions in these habitats. We studied the genetic structure and phylogeography of Tibouchina papyrus (Melastomataceae), endemic to rocky savannas in Central Brazil, to test hypothesis of vicariance and dispersal in the origin of the disjunct geographical distribution. We sampled 474 individuals from the three localities where the species is reported: Serra dos Pirineus, Serra Dourada, and Serra de Natividade. Analyses were based on the polymorphisms at cpDNA and on nuclear microsatellite loci. To test for vicariance and dispersal we constructed a median-joining network and performed an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). We also tested population bottleneck and estimated demographic parameters and time to most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) using coalescent analyses. A remarkable differentiation among populations was found. No significant effect of population expansion was detected and coalescent analyses showed a negligible gene flow among populations and an ancient coalescence time for chloroplast genome. Our results support that the disjunct distribution of T. papyrus may represent a climatic relict. With an estimated TMRCA dated from ∼836.491 ± 107.515 kyr BP (before present), we hypothesized that the disjunct distribution may be the outcome of bidirectional expansion of the geographical distribution favored by the drier and colder conditions that prevailed in much of Brazil during the Pre-Illinoian glaciation, followed by the retraction as the climate became warmer and moister.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosane Garcia Collevatti
- Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade, Departamento de Biologia Geral, ICB, Universidade Federal de Goiás CxP. 131, 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Spatial genetic structure in natural populations of Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (Caryocareceae) in the North of Minas Gerais, Brazil. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Werneck FP, Gamble T, Colli GR, Rodrigues MT, Sites Jr JW. DEEP DIVERSIFICATION AND LONG-TERM PERSISTENCE IN THE SOUTH AMERICAN ‘DRY DIAGONAL’: INTEGRATING CONTINENT-WIDE PHYLOGEOGRAPHY AND DISTRIBUTION MODELING OF GECKOS. Evolution 2012; 66:3014-34. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01682.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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PRADO CYNTHIAPA, HADDAD CÉLIOFB, ZAMUDIO KELLYR. Cryptic lineages and Pleistocene population expansion in a Brazilian Cerrado frog. Mol Ecol 2011; 21:921-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05409.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sequeira F, Sodré D, Ferrand N, Bernardi JAR, Sampaio I, Schneider H, Vallinoto M. Hybridization and massive mtDNA unidirectional introgression between the closely related Neotropical toads Rhinella marina and R. schneideri inferred from mtDNA and nuclear markers. BMC Evol Biol 2011; 11:264. [PMID: 21939538 PMCID: PMC3192708 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The classical perspective that interspecific hybridization in animals is rare has been changing due to a growing list of empirical examples showing the occurrence of gene flow between closely related species. Using sequence data from cyt b mitochondrial gene and three intron nuclear genes (RPL9, c-myc, and RPL3) we investigated patterns of nucleotide polymorphism and divergence between two closely related toad species R. marina and R. schneideri. By comparing levels of differentiation at nuclear and mtDNA levels we were able to describe patterns of introgression and infer the history of hybridization between these species. Results All nuclear loci are essentially concordant in revealing two well differentiated groups of haplotypes, corresponding to the morphologically-defined species R. marina and R. schneideri. Mitochondrial DNA analysis also revealed two well-differentiated groups of haplotypes but, in stark contrast with the nuclear genealogies, all R. schneideri sequences are clustered with sequences of R. marina from the right Amazon bank (RAB), while R. marina sequences from the left Amazon bank (LAB) are monophyletic. An Isolation-with-Migration (IM) analysis using nuclear data showed that R. marina and R. schneideri diverged at ≈ 1.69 Myr (early Pleistocene), while R. marina populations from LAB and RAB diverged at ≈ 0.33 Myr (middle Pleistocene). This time of divergence is not consistent with the split between LAB and RAB populations obtained with mtDNA data (≈ 1.59 Myr), which is notably similar to the estimate obtained with nuclear genes between R. marina and R. schneideri. Coalescent simulations of mtDNA phylogeny under the speciation history inferred from nuclear genes rejected the hypothesis of incomplete lineage sorting to explain the conflicting signal between mtDNA and nuclear-based phylogenies. Conclusions The cytonuclear discordance seems to reflect the occurrence of interspecific hybridization between these two closely related toad species. Overall, our results suggest a phenomenon of extensive mtDNA unidirectional introgression from the previously occurring R. schneideri into the invading R. marina. We hypothesize that climatic-induced range shifts during the Pleistocene/Holocene may have played an important role in the observed patterns of introgression.
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Allal F, Sanou H, Millet L, Vaillant A, Camus-Kulandaivelu L, Logossa ZA, Lefèvre F, Bouvet JM. Past climate changes explain the phylogeography of Vitellaria paradoxa over Africa. Heredity (Edinb) 2011; 107:174-86. [PMID: 21407253 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2011.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of the savanna biome has been deeply marked by repeated contraction/expansion phases due to climate perturbations during the Quaternary period. In this study, we investigated the impact of the last glacial maximum (LGM) on the present genetic pattern of Vitellaria paradoxa (shea tree), a major African savanna tree. A range-wide sampling of the species enabled us to sample 374 individuals from 71 populations distributed throughout sub-Sahelian Africa. Trees were genotyped using 3 chloroplasts and 12 nuclear microsatellites, and were sequenced for 2 polymorphic chloroplast intergenic spacers. Analyses of genetic diversity and structure were based on frequency-based and Bayesian methods. Potential distributions of V. paradoxa at present, during the LGM and the last interglacial period, were examined using DIVA-GIS ecological niche modelling (ENM). Haplotypic and allelic richness varied significantly across the range according to chloroplast and nuclear microsatellites, which pointed to higher diversity in West Africa. A high but contrasted level of differentiation was revealed among populations with a clear phylogeographic signal, with both nuclear (F(ST) = 0.21; R(ST) = 0.28; R(ST) > R(ST) (permuted)) and chloroplast simple sequence repeats (SSRs) (G(ST) = 0.81; N(ST) = 0.90; N(ST) > N(ST) (permuted)). We identified a strong geographically related structure separating western and eastern populations, and a substructure in the eastern part of the area consistent with subspecies distinction. Using ENM, we deduced that perturbations during the LGM fragmented the potential eastern distribution of shea tree, but not its distribution in West Africa. Our main results suggest that climate variations are the major factor explaining the genetic pattern of V. paradoxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Allal
- Cirad-Bios Department, Research Unit, Genetic Diversity and Breeding of Forest Tree Species, International Campus of Baillarguet, Montpellier, France.
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Artyukova EV, Kozyrenko MM, Kholina AB, Zhuravlev YN. High chloroplast haplotype diversity in the endemic legume Oxytropis chankaensis may result from independent polyploidization events. Genetica 2010; 139:221-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-010-9539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wang YL, Li X, Guo J, Guo ZG, Li SF, Zhao GF. Chloroplast DNA phylogeography of Clintonia udensis Trautv. & Mey. (Liliaceae) in East Asia. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2010; 55:721-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2009] [Revised: 01/31/2010] [Accepted: 02/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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de Oliveira LO, Rossi AAB, Martins ER, Batista FRDC, Silva RS. Molecular phylogeography of Carapichea ipecacuanha, an amphitropical shrub that occurs in the understory of both semideciduous and evergreen forests. Mol Ecol 2010; 19:1410-22. [PMID: 20298468 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04591.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The medicinal shrub Carapichea ipecacuanha (ipecac) is an amphitropic species with three disjunct areas of distribution. In the Brazilian Atlantic and Amazonian ranges, the species was associated mostly with the understory of seasonal semideciduous forests, whereas in the Central American-Colombian range, the species occurred in the understory of moist evergreen forests. We examined the phylogeographic structure of ipecac using chloroplast trnT-trnL and nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences from 120 and 46 specimens, respectively. To complement existing data on root alkaloid profiles, we used high-performance liquid chromatography to assess the levels of emetine and cephaeline in 33 specimens from the two Brazilian ranges. The three ranges shared neither nuclear nor chloroplast haplotypes. The phylogeographic structures showed an uneven distribution of genetic diversity, sharp breaks and high levels of genetic differentiation among ranges. Our results suggest that the extant populations are descendents of at least four distinct ancestral lineages. The Atlantic ipecacs showed higher levels of genetic diversity than ipecacs from the other two ranges; it is likely that they derive from two ancestral lineages, with long-term persistence in that region. The Amazonian ipecacs were monomorphic with respect to the ITS and cpDNA sequences, which supports the view that there was a recent expansion from a single parental source after a strong genetic bottleneck. The existence of a fourth distinct lineage is apparent from the high levels of genetic and chemical differentiation that we identified in the Central American-Columbian ipecacs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Orlando de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa (MG), Brazil.
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NOVAES RENANMILAGRESLAGE, DE LEMOS FILHO JOSÉPIRES, RIBEIRO RENATAACÁCIO, LOVATO MARIABERNADETE. Phylogeography ofPlathymenia reticulata(Leguminosae) reveals patterns of recent range expansion towards northeastern Brazil and southern Cerrados in Eastern Tropical South America. Mol Ecol 2010; 19:985-98. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04530.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pennington RT, Lavin M, Oliveira-Filho A. Woody Plant Diversity, Evolution, and Ecology in the Tropics: Perspectives from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2009. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.110308.120327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Toby Pennington
- Tropical Diversity Section, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, United Kingdom;
| | - Matt Lavin
- Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717;
| | - Ary Oliveira-Filho
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
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Collevatti RG, Rabelo SG, Vieira RF. Phylogeography and disjunct distribution in Lychnophora ericoides (Asteraceae), an endangered cerrado shrub species. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2009; 104:655-664. [PMID: 19656805 PMCID: PMC2729634 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcp157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2009] [Revised: 04/24/2009] [Accepted: 05/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Lychnophora ericoides (Asteraceae) presents disjunct geographical distribution in cerrado rupestre in the south-east and central Brazil. The phylogeography of the species was investigated to understand the origin of the disjunct geographical distribution. METHODS Populations in the south and centre of Serra do Espinhaço, south-east Brazil and on ten other localities in Federal District and Goiás in central Brazil were sampled. Analyses were based on the polymorphisms at chloroplast (trnL intron and psbA-trnH intergenic spacer) and nuclear (ITS nrDNA) genomes. From 12 populations, 192 individuals were sequenced. Network analysis, AMOVA and the Mantel test were performed to understand the relationships among haplotypes and population genetic structure. To understand better the origin of disjunct distribution, demographic parameters and time to most recent common ancestor (T(MRCA)) were estimated using coalescent analyses. KEY RESULTS A remarkable differentiation between populations from the south-east and central Brazil was found and no haplotype was shared between these two regions. No significant effect of isolation by distance was detected. Coalescent analyses showed that some populations are shrinking and others are expanding and that gene flow between populations from the south-east and central Brazil was probably negligible. CONCLUSIONS The results strongly support that the disjunct distribution of L. ericoides may represent a climatic relict and that long-distance gene flow is unlikely. With an estimated time to most recent common ancestor (T(MRCA)) dated from approx. 790,655 +/- 36,551 years bp (chloroplast) and approx. 623,555 +/- 55,769 years bp (ITS), it was hypothesized that the disjunct distribution may be a consequence of an expansion of the geographical distribution favoured by the drier and colder conditions that prevailed in much of Brazil during the Kansan glaciation, followed by the retraction of the distribution due to the extinction of populations in some areas as climate became warmer and moister.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosane Garcia Collevatti
- Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SGAN 916, Mod. B, 70790-160, Brasília, DF, Brasil.
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Ramos ACS, De Lemos-Filho JP, Lovato MB. Phylogeographical Structure of the Neotropical Forest Tree Hymenaea courbaril (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae) and Its Relationship with the Vicariant Hymenaea stigonocarpa from Cerrado. J Hered 2008; 100:206-16. [DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esn092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lemos Filho JPD, Goulart MF, Lovato MB. Populational approach in ecophysiological studies: the case of Plathymenia reticulata, a tree from Cerrado and Atlantic Forest. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s1677-04202008000300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The variability of ecophysiological traits among populations can be a result of selection in response to environmental pressure and/or due to random factors, like the genetic drift. The analysis of both genetic and phenotypic variation within populations can lead to better understanding of adaptation in order to colonize different habitats. In the last years we have developed several studies with an widely ecogeographic distributed legume tree species, Plathymenia reticulata, which were focused on identifying specific morphological and physiological traits related to adaptation to the habitats of origin of each studied population. We studied populations from Atlantic Forest, Cerrado and ecotonal sites in relation to phenology, seed morphological traits and their relation with seed dispersion, seed dormancy and germination, and growth traits in a common garden experiment. In several analyzed traits we found high diversity in this species that can explain its occurrence in a broad geographical range. The existence of genetically based differences of traits in an adaptive way among savanna and forest populations suggests a degree of divergence that characterizes the existence of ecotypes from Cerrado and Atlantic Forest. We also pointed future perspectives in studies at population level in evolutionary ecophysiology and implications of these studies for flora conservation and habitat restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maíra Figueiredo Goulart
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Brasil; Instituto Biotrópicos de Pesquisa em Vida Silvestre, Brasil
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Genetic diversity and geographic differentiation of disjunct Atlantic and Amazonian populations of Psychotria ipecacuanha (Rubiaceae). Genetica 2008; 136:57-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-008-9309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 07/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Caetano S, Prado D, Pennington RT, Beck S, Oliveira-Filho A, Spichiger R, Naciri Y. The history of Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests in eastern South America: inferences from the genetic structure of the tree Astronium urundeuva (Anacardiaceae). Mol Ecol 2008; 17:3147-59. [PMID: 18522691 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03817.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Today, the Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests (SDTF) of eastern South America occur as large, well-defined nuclei (e.g. Caatinga in the northeast) and as smaller enclaves within other vegetations (e.g. Cerrado and Chaco). In order to infer the way the present SDTF distribution was attained, the genetic structure of Astronium urundeuva, a tree confined to SDTF, was assessed using two chloroplast spacers and nine microsatellite loci. Five haplotypes were identified, whose distribution was spatially structured. The distribution of the two most common and divergent haplotypes suggested former vicariance and progressive divergence due to isolation. More recent range expansions of these two lineages subsequently occurred, leading to a secondary contact at the southern limit of the Caatinga SDTF nucleus. The multilocus-Bayesian approach using microsatellites consistently identified three groups of populations (Northeast, Central and Southwest). Isolation by distance was found in Northeast and Southwest groups whereas admixture was detected in the Central group, located at the transition between Caatinga and Cerrado domains. All together, the results support the existence of range expansions and secondary contact in the Central group. This study provides arguments that favour the existence of a previously more continuous formation of SDTF in eastern South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Caetano
- Laboratoire de Systématique et de Biodiversité, Unité de Phylogénie et Génétique Moléculaires, Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques, 1 Chemin de l'Impératrice, CP 60, CH-1292 Chambésy, Genève, Switzerland
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