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Ducloyer JB, Poinas A, Duchesne L, Caillet P, Ivan C, Lejus-Bourdeau C, Limousin N, Desmidt T, Pladys P, Pisella PJ, Bernard A, Lardy H, Gohier P, Martin L, Mouriaux F, Lebranchu P, Khanna RK. Educational Concerns About the Safety of Cataract Surgery During Residency: The E3CAPS Pedagogic Study. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:2801-2812. [PMID: 37531031 PMCID: PMC10441871 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00774-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cataract surgery is the most common surgical procedure performed in France. While the incidence of intraoperative complications affecting visual prognosis is extremely low, given the large number of patients operated on, the absolute number of patients affected by complications is quite high. Complication rates are significantly higher when ophthalmology residents (ORs) perform the surgery. Although lack of experience remains the main risk factor, sleep deprivation may adversely affect ORs' successful surgery rate. The value of the EyeSi® surgical simulator in initial training has been demonstrated to increase cataract surgery safety through the transfer of surgical skills from the simulator to the operating room. However, there is no consensus regarding how much training is needed before the first-time ORs are allowed to operate. There is also no scientific evidence that sleep deprivation is associated with a decrease in surgical performance. Establishing a validated protocol for cataract surgery training using the EyeSi surgical simulator (referred to further as the EyeSi) and identifying risk factors for intraoperative complications related to sleep deprivation will improve cataract surgery safety and lead to the reorganization of our healthcare systems. METHODS AND PLANNED OUTCOMES This multi-centre educational cohort study will include two distinct axes which will both aim to reduce the risks of cataract surgery. Enrollment will include 16 first-year ORs for Axis 1 and 25 experienced residents for Axis 2, all from the University Hospitals of Nantes, Tours, Angers and Rennes. Axis 1 will focus on investigating the learning curve of first-year ORs using the EyeSi, following the training program recommended by the "College des Ophtalmologistes Universitaires de France" in order to set up a future "licence to operate." Axis 2 will evaluate the impact of sleep deprivation on the surgical performance of experienced ORs using the EyeSi. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT05722080.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Ducloyer
- Ophthalmology Department, Nantes University-CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1413 (CIC 1413), Nantes University-CHU Nantes INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Alexandra Poinas
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1413 (CIC 1413), Nantes University-CHU Nantes INSERM, Nantes, France.
| | - Léa Duchesne
- Public Health Department, CHU Nantes-Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | - Pascal Caillet
- Public Health Department, CHU Nantes-Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | - Catherine Ivan
- Ophthalmology Department, Nantes University-CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1413 (CIC 1413), Nantes University-CHU Nantes INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Corinne Lejus-Bourdeau
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, CHU Nantes-Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | - Nadège Limousin
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | - Thomas Desmidt
- Inserm, UMR 1253, IBrain, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Patrick Pladys
- LTSI-UMR 1099, INSERM, CHU Rennes-Rennes University, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre-Jean Pisella
- Department of Ophthalmology, CHU Tours-Bretonneau Hospital, 37000, Tours, France
| | - Anne Bernard
- Department of Cardiology, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
| | - Hubert Lardy
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, CHU-Centre de Pédiatrie de Clocheville, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Gohier
- Department of Ophthalmology, CHU de Angers, 49100, Angers, France
| | - Ludovic Martin
- Department of Dermatology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
- All'Sims Centre for Healthcare Simulation, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Frederic Mouriaux
- Ophthalmology Department, CHU Rennes-Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre Lebranchu
- Ophthalmology Department, Nantes University-CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1413 (CIC 1413), Nantes University-CHU Nantes INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Raoul Kanav Khanna
- Department of Ophthalmology, UMR 1253, iBrain, Bretonneau University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
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O'Neill A, Baldwin D, Cortese S, Sinclair J. Impact of intrawork rest breaks on doctors' performance and well-being: systematic review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062469. [PMID: 36517098 PMCID: PMC9756173 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarise evidence on intrawork breaks and their associated effect on doctors' well-being and/or performance at work. DESIGN Systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 statement guidelines DATA SOURCES: Embase, PubMed, Web of Science (Core Collection) and PsychINFO were systematically searched on 6 June 2021. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA No restrictions were placed on language, study design or date of publication. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS Methodological quality was appraised using Cochrane's Risk of Bias (ROB-2), Cochrane's Risk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies (ROBINS-I), and the Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists for cross-sectional, cohort and qualitative studies. Quantitative synthesis was not undertaken due to substantial heterogeneity of design and outcomes. Results are presented narratively. RESULTS Database searches returned 10 557 results and searches of other sources returned two additional records. Thirty-two papers were included in the systematic review, comprised of 29 unique studies, participants and topics and 3 follow-up studies. A variety of well-being and performance outcome measures were used. Overall, findings indicate that intrawork breaks improved some measures of well-being and/or work performance. However, methodological quality was judged to be low with a high risk of bias in most included studies. DISCUSSION Using existing evidence, it is not possible to conclude with confidence whether intrawork breaks improve well-being and/or work performance in doctors. There is much inconsistency regarding how breaks are defined, measured and the outcomes used to assess effectiveness. Future research should seek to: (a) define and standardise the measurement of breaks, (b) use valid, reliable outcome measures to evaluate their impact on well-being and performance and (c) minimise the risk of bias in studies where possible. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020156924; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=156924.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee O'Neill
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - David Baldwin
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- University Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Samuele Cortese
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Julia Sinclair
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Nikunlaakso R, Selander K, Oksanen T, Laitinen J. Interventions to reduce the risk of mental health problems in health and social care workplaces: A scoping review. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 152:57-69. [PMID: 35716510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Work in the health and social care sector is stressful, and work-related stress increases the risk of depression, anxiety, burnout, and sleep disorders. Although interventions to reduce stress and burnout at workplaces have been developed and studied, most studies have lacked the effectiveness to improve the situation. Thus, more knowledge on interventions and analysis of their mechanisms is needed to reduce the risk of more adverse mental health problems (MHP). We conducted a scoping review to identify the relevant literature on individual and organizational interventions to improve mental health in health and social care workplaces. Data were gathered on target groups, intervention types and their effectiveness, and the outcomes of the interventions. We summarized this data thematically. The final review consisted of 76 studies. Mental health interventions primarily focused on health care workers rather than social care professionals. The interventions were mostly directed at individual workers, ignoring organizational-level interventions. They used a great variety of outcomes and questionnaires, and the questionnaires that measured the outcomes were used ambiguously. In most cases, the reported effectiveness of the studied interventions was incoherent, and many of the interventions had both statistically significant and non-significant effects. Evidence that interventions reduce the risk of work-related MHP is scarce. High-quality randomized controlled trials of interventions to promote mental health with more coherently formed outcomes are needed, especially on the organizational level. More interventions to improve social care professionals' mental health are also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tuula Oksanen
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70210, Finland.
| | - Jaana Laitinen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu, 90220, Finland.
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Methods in Experimental Work Break Research: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16203844. [PMID: 31614598 PMCID: PMC6843288 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16203844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The number of studies on work breaks and the importance of this subject is growing rapidly, with research showing that work breaks increase employees’ wellbeing and performance and workplace safety. However, comparing the results of work break research is difficult since the study designs and methods are heterogeneous and there is no standard theoretical model for work breaks. Based on a systematic literature search, this scoping review included a total of 93 studies on experimental work break research conducted over the last 30 years. This scoping review provides a first structured evaluation regarding the underlying theoretical framework, the variables investigated, and the measurement methods applied. Studies using a combination of measurement methods from the categories “self-report measures,” “performance measures,” and “physiological measures” are most common and to be preferred in work break research. This overview supplies important information for ergonomics researchers allowing them to design work break studies with a more structured and stronger theory-based approach. A standard theoretical model for work breaks is needed in order to further increase the comparability of studies in the field of experimental work break research in the future.
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A review of current approaches for evaluating impaired performance in around-the-clock medical professionals. Sleep Med Rev 2019; 46:97-107. [PMID: 31102878 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The need for data to study the relationship between fatigued healthcare professionals and performance outcomes is evident, however, it is unclear which methodology is most appropriate to provide these insights. To address this issue, we performed a systematic review of relevant articles by searching the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases. The literature search identified 2960 unique references, of which 82 were identified eligible. The impact on performance was studied on clinical outcomes, medical simulation, neurocognitive performance, sleep quantification and subjective assessment. In general results on performance are conflicting; impairment, no effect, and improvement were found. This review outlines the various methods currently available for assessing fatigue-impaired performance. The contrasting outcomes can be attributed to three main factors: differences in the operationalisation of fatigue, incomplete control data, and the wide variety in the methods used. We recommend the implementation of a clinically applicable tool that can provide uniform data. Until these data become available, caution should be used when developing regulations that can have implications for physicians, education, manpower planning, and ‒ ultimately ‒ patient care.
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Tanner G, Bamberg E, Kersten M, Kozak A, Nienhaus A. The Relationship Between Working Time and Ill Health. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ARBEITS-UND ORGANISATIONSPSYCHOLOGIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1026/0932-4089/a000242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Abstract: Several studies have investigated the relationship between working time and health; however, an adequate comparison of this relationship among full-time and part-time workers is still missing. Therefore, this study aimed to fill this gap in the literature. We investigated several aspects of working time: weekly overtime, monthly on-call duties, monthly shift work, and adherence to breaks. To assess health, we investigated sleeping problems, cognitive irritation, and emotional exhaustion. Data were collected from 812 hospital physicians. We tested our assumptions with a group comparison using structural equation modeling. Overtime and adherence to breaks were shown to be health-relevant factors, particularly for full-time workers, whereas night and weekend shifts were more relevant for part-time workers’ health. On-call duties were less relevant for both groups. The inclusion of time pressure and autonomy caused different changes. The results of this study illustrate that personal needs should be considered when scheduling working time to promote health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grit Tanner
- Universität Hamburg, Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie
| | - Eva Bamberg
- Universität Hamburg, Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie
| | - Maren Kersten
- Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtpflege (BGW), Hamburg
| | - Agnessa Kozak
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Versorgungsforschung in der Dermatologie und bei Pflegeberufen
| | - Albert Nienhaus
- Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtpflege (BGW), Hamburg
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Versorgungsforschung in der Dermatologie und bei Pflegeberufen
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Orena EF, Caldiroli D, Cortellazzi P. Does the Maslach Burnout Inventory correlate with cognitive performance in anesthesia practitioners? A pilot study. Saudi J Anaesth 2013; 7:277-82. [PMID: 24015130 PMCID: PMC3757800 DOI: 10.4103/1658-354x.115351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic stress is a common condition among health-care operators, anesthetists in particular. It is known to cause cognitive weakening and pathological outcomes, as the Burnout syndrome. Nevertheless, the impact of clinicians’ health on their performance has received limited attention thus far. Our pilot study, aims at evaluating the influence of burnout on the cognitive performance in a population of anesthesia practitioners. Methods: In 18 practitioners we assessed attention by means of reaction times (RTs), pre- and post-shift, with a five-subtest computerized neuropsychological battery. RTs were controlled for the situational anxiety with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory X1. The burnout level was evaluated with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The three MBI sub-scores (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and professional achievement) were combined to obtain two groups according to the burnout score (high and low). Results: Anesthetists showed a significantly worse performance in the fifth test post-shift (P=0.041) than pre-shift. The high-score burnout group reacted slower than the low-score burnout group in three of the five cognitive subtests, without reaching a statistical significance. Nevertheless, our effect size, which is independent from the sample size, is very large (d=1.165). Conclusion: We found that in a population of health-care operators, burnout may affect the cognitive and potentially, the working performance. Qualitative and quantitative measurements should be integrated to ensure a better management of burnout and its consequences in workplaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Francesca Orena
- Department of Neurosurgery, O. U. of Neuroanesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Neurological Institute C. Besta of Milan, Italy
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Cremer J, Stoppe C, Fahlenkamp AV, Schälte G, Rex S, Rossaint R, Coburn M. Early cognitive function, recovery and well-being after sevoflurane and xenon anaesthesia in the elderly: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Med Gas Res 2011; 1:9. [PMID: 22146537 PMCID: PMC3231879 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9912-1-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The postoperative cognitive function is impaired in elderly patients after general anaesthesia. The fast recovery after xenon anaesthesia was hypothesized to be advantageous in this scenario. We compared early postoperative cognitive function after xenon and sevoflurane anaesthesia in this study. Methods The study was approved by the local ethics committee and written informed consent was obtained from each patient. Patients aged 65-75 years (ASA I-III) scheduled for elective surgery (duration 60-180 min) were enrolled. Investigators performing cognitive testing and patients were blinded towards allocation to either xenon or sevoflurane anaesthesia. Baseline assessment of cognitive function was carried out 12-24 h before the operation. The results were compared to follow-up tests 6-12 and 66-72 h after surgery. Primary outcome parameter was the subtest "Alertness" of the computerized Test of Attentional Performance (TAP). Secondary outcome parameters included further subtests of the TAP, several Paper-Pencil-Tests, emergence times from anaesthesia, modified Aldrete scores and patients' well-being. Results 40 patients were randomized and equally allocated to both groups. No significant differences were found in the TAP or the Paper-Pencil-Tests at 6-12 and 66-72 h after the operation. All emergence times were faster after xenon anaesthesia. The modified Aldrete scores were significantly higher during the first hour in the xenon group. No difference in well-being could be detected between both groups. Conclusions The results show no difference in the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after xenon or sevoflurane anaesthesia. Emergence from general anaesthesia was faster in the xenon group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Cremer
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Aachen of the RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Rörtgen D, Kloos J, Fries M, Grottke O, Rex S, Rossaint R, Coburn M. Comparison of early cognitive function and recovery after desflurane or sevoflurane anaesthesia in the elderly: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Br J Anaesth 2010; 104:167-74. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aep369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Mion G, Ricouard S. Repos de sécurité: quels enjeux? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 26:638-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annfar.2007.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Coburn M, Baumert JH, Roertgen D, Thiel V, Fries M, Hein M, Kunitz O, Fimm B, Rossaint R. Emergence and early cognitive function in the elderly after xenon or desflurane anaesthesia: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial †. Br J Anaesth 2007; 98:756-62. [PMID: 17485435 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aem103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative cognitive impairment after general anaesthesia, especially in the elderly, is a well-recognized problem. Xenon, known to be an N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist, may be advantageous. In this study, the early cognitive function in the elderly after general anaesthesia with xenon was compared with that after desflurane. METHODS After approval by the local ethical committee and after obtaining written informed consent, patients were enrolled in this randomized, double-blinded, controlled study. Thirty-eight patients (65-75 yr old, ASA status I-III) undergoing an elective surgery with a planned duration of 60-180 min were allocated to either the xenon (n = 18) or the desflurane (n = 20) anaesthesia group. The primary outcome was the cognitive Test for Attentional Performance (TAP) with its subtests Alertness, Divided Attention, and Working Memory. After baseline assessment 12-24 h before operation, patients were followed-up 6-12 and 66-72 h after operation. Secondary outcomes were emergence times from anaesthesia and the modified Aldrete score. RESULTS No difference was found between the groups in the TAP at 6-12 and 66-72 h after operation. In the xenon group, emergence time was significantly faster for the following parameters: time to open eyes (P = 0.001), to react on demand (P = 0.001), to extubation (P = 0.001), and for time and spatial orientation (P = 0.007). The modified Aldrete score was significantly higher after 30, 45 and 60 min in the xenon group. CONCLUSIONS There was no difference in the postoperative cognitive testing at 6-12 and 66-72 h. Xenon was associated in the elderly with a faster emergence from general anaesthesia than desflurane.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Coburn
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Aachen of the RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstreet 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
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