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Leech RM, Chappel SE, Ridgers ND, Eicher-Miller HA, Maddison R, McNaughton SA. Analytic Methods for Understanding the Temporal Patterning of Dietary and 24-H Movement Behaviors: A Scoping Review. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100275. [PMID: 39029559 PMCID: PMC11347858 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary and movement behaviors [physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SED), and sleep] occur throughout a 24-h day and involve multiple contexts. Understanding the temporal patterning of these 24-h behaviors and their contextual determinants is key to determining their combined effect on health. A scoping review was conducted to identify novel analytic methods for determining temporal behavior patterns and their contextual correlates. We searched Embase, ProQuest, and EBSCOhost databases in July 2022 to identify studies published between 1997 and 2022 on temporal patterns and their contextual correlates (e.g., locational, social, environmental, personal). We included 14 studies after title and abstract (n = 33,292) and full-text (n = 135) screening, of which 11 were published after 2018. Most studies (n = 4 in adults; n = 5 in children and adolescents), examined waking behavior patterns (i.e., both PA and SED) of which 3 also included sleep and 6 included contextual correlates. PA and diet were examined together in only 1 study of adults. Contextual correlates of dietary, PA, and sleep temporal behavior patterns were also examined. Machine learning with various clustering algorithms and model-based clustering techniques were most used to determine 24-h temporal behavior patterns. Although the included studies used a diverse range of methods, behavioral variables, and assessment periods, results showed that temporal patterns characterized by high SED and low PA were linked to poorer health outcomes, than those with low SED and high PA. This review identified temporal behavior patterns, and their contextual correlates, which were associated with adiposity and cardiometabolic disease risk, suggesting these methods hold promise for the discovery of holistic lifestyle exposures important to health. Standardized reporting of methods and patterns and multidisciplinary collaboration among nutrition, PA, and sleep researchers; statisticians; and computer scientists were identified as key pathways to advance future research on temporal behavior patterns in relation to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Leech
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Stephanie E Chappel
- Central Queensland University, Appleton Institute, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nicola D Ridgers
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Ralph Maddison
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- Health and Well-Being Center for Research Innovation, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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Reina AM, Beer JM, Renzi-Hammond LM, Zhang D, Padilla HM. Mind Your Heart: A Mindful Eating and Diet Education eHealth Program. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2024; 56:54-65. [PMID: 38185491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2023.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine user perceptions of the Mind Your Heart (MYH) program, a mindful eating and nutrition education program delivered via an eHealth system. METHODS Sixteen participants (41.5 ± 13.1 years) completed sample MYH lessons over 3 weeks. We examined changes in mindfulness from the State Mindfulness Scale via text messages sent 3 times per week. We assessed MYH user perceptions in a semistructured interview after 3 weeks. Analyses included Spearman's correlation, repeated measures ANOVA, and thematic analysis. RESULTS State Mindfulness Scale scores were significantly improved (F[1,15] = 5.35, P = 0.01) from week 1 (M = 2.28 ± 0.80) to week 3 (M = 2.75 ± 1.04). Four themes emerged: (1) MYH is supportive of health goals, (2) text messages act as an intervention, (3) facilitators or inhibitors of use, and (4) enhancing engagement. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Based on participant feedback, the final version of MYH should include example-based learning to translate abstract concepts like mindful eating into action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita M Reina
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
| | - Jenay M Beer
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Lisa M Renzi-Hammond
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Donglan Zhang
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY
| | - Heather M Padilla
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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Vidmar AP, Cáceres NA, Schneider-Worthington CR, Shirazipour C, Buman MP, de la Haye K, Salvy SJ. Integration of Time-Based Recommendations with Current Pediatric Health Behavior Guidelines: Implications for Obesity Prevention and Treatment in Youth. Curr Obes Rep 2022; 11:236-253. [PMID: 36348216 PMCID: PMC9742346 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-022-00491-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Youth-onset obesity is associated with negative health outcomes across the lifespan including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, dyslipidemias, asthma, and several cancers. Pediatric health guidelines have traditionally focused on the quality and quantity of dietary intake, physical activity, and sleep. RECENT FINDINGS Emerging evidence suggests that the timing (time of day when behavior occurs) and composition (proportion of time spent allocated to behavior) of food intake, movement (i.e., physical activity, sedentary time), and sleep may independently predict health trajectories and disease risks. Several theoretically driven interventions and conceptual frameworks feature behavior timing and composition (e.g., 24 h movement continuum, circadian science and chronobiology, intermittent fasting regimens, structured day hypothesis). These literatures are, however, disparate, with little crosstalk across disciplines. In this review, we examine dietary, sleep, and movement guidelines and recommendations for youths ages 0-18 in the context of theoretical models and empirical findings in support of time-based approaches. The review aims to inform a unifying framework of health behaviors and guide future research on the integration of time-based recommendations into current quantity and quality-based health guidelines for children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina P Vidmar
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Mailstop #61, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
| | - Nenette A Cáceres
- Cancer Research Center On Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
| | | | - Celina Shirazipour
- Cancer Research Center On Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
| | - Matthew P Buman
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Kayla de la Haye
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah-Jeanne Salvy
- Cancer Research Center On Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Landry MJ, Ruiz LD, Gibbs K, Radtke MD, Lerman J, Vargas AJ. Perspective: Early-Life Nutrition Research Supported by the US National Institutes of Health from 2018 to 2020. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1395-1401. [PMID: 35438148 PMCID: PMC9526875 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025, included guidelines for pregnancy, lactation, and children from birth to age 24 mo (B-24) to reflect the growing body of evidence about appropriate nutrition during the earliest stages of life. Guidelines were based on a thorough review of the existing scientific evidence by the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee (DGAC). This study's objective was to enumerate early-life (pregnancy, lactation, and B-24) nutrition research needs that are already being addressed by the scientific community and to identify remaining research gaps. The Scientific Report of the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee was reviewed, and 138 research gaps relevant to early life were identified. Research gaps were consolidated into 13 topic areas. A total of 1632 nutrition- and early-life-focused research projects funded by the NIH between 2018 and 2020 were manually coded using title, abstract, and public health relevance statement available on NIH RePORTER. Projects were coded as affirmative if they addressed a research gap within 1 of the 13 research gap topic areas. Of coded projects, 235 (14.4%) addressed any early-life nutrition research gap. Between fiscal years 2018 to 2020, total costs of projects addressing any gap represented only 15% of total costs for all projects reviewed. Complementary foods, breastfeeding (never vs. ever), and frequency of eating were research gap areas most frequently coded as being addressed by a funded project. Iron supplementation, seafood consumption, and maternal diet food allergens were research gap areas least frequently coded as being potentially addressed by a funded project. This analysis highlights opportunities for changes in the federal government investment in maternal and child nutrition research to support development of effective, evidence-based dietary guidelines for improvement in early-life nutrition practices and overall public health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lyndsey D Ruiz
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kimberlea Gibbs
- Pediatric Growth and Nutrition Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marcela D Radtke
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Lerman
- Risk Factor Assessment Branch, Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ashley J Vargas
- Pediatric Growth and Nutrition Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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