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Meinke C, Lueken U, Walter H, Hilbert K. Predicting treatment outcome based on resting-state functional connectivity in internalizing mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 160:105640. [PMID: 38548002 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Predicting treatment outcome in internalizing mental disorders prior to treatment initiation is pivotal for precision mental healthcare. In this regard, resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) and machine learning have often shown promising prediction accuracies. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates these studies, considering their risk of bias through the Prediction Model Study Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST). We examined the predictive performance of features derived from rs-FC, identified features with the highest predictive value, and assessed the employed machine learning pipelines. We searched the electronic databases Scopus, PubMed and PsycINFO on the 12th of December 2022, which resulted in 13 included studies. The mean balanced accuracy for predicting treatment outcome was 77% (95% CI: [72%- 83%]). rs-FC of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex had high predictive value in most studies. However, a high risk of bias was identified in all studies, compromising interpretability. Methodological recommendations are provided based on a comprehensive exploration of the studies' machine learning pipelines, and potential fruitful developments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Meinke
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ulrike Lueken
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Berlin/Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Henrik Walter
- Charité Universtätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of FU Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatrie and Psychotherapy, CCM, Germany.
| | - Kevin Hilbert
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychology, Health and Medical University Erfurt, Germany.
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Feng T, Zhang C, Xu S, Wang L, Xu K, Xie Z, Xiang J, Chen W. A right convergence area of the prefrontal lobe is involved in the improvement of semantic fluency in patients with post-stroke aphasia. Top Stroke Rehabil 2024; 31:301-310. [PMID: 37651207 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2023.2253632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to longitudinally observe the improvement mechanism of semantic fluency in subacute post-stroke aphasia (PSA) patients using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). METHODS Twelve PSA patients, about one month after onset, were enrolled in this study and received speech-language therapy (SLT) for one month. Auditory comprehension and semantic fluency were evaluated using the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) and the Animal Fluency Test. Before and after treatment, rs-fMRI data were collected, and the dice similarity coefficient was used to measure the spatial similarity between each patient's lesion and a reference lesion. The left posterior inferior temporal gyrus (pITG) was used as a seed to calculate the normalized functional connectivity in whole-brain voxel analysis using DPABI software for statistical analysis. RESULTS The dice similarity coefficient between each patient's lesion and the reference lesion showed moderate to high intensity (0.57 ± 0.14) in the Montreal Neurological Institute space. After treatment, we found a significant increase in functional connectivity between the left pITG and the right prefrontal lobe convergence area (peak t = 8.219, Gaussian random field multiple comparison correction, voxel p < 0.001, cluster p < 0.05). The increase in functional connectivity was negatively correlated with the improvement in auditory comprehension (r =-0.707, p = 0.033) and positively correlated with the improvement in semantic fluency (r = 0.79, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION The improvement of semantic fluency in subacute PSA patients may require the participation of the right convergence area of the prefrontal lobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Siwei Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingmin Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
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3
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Gao C, Wu X, Cheng X, Madsen KH, Chu C, Yang Z, Fan L. Individualized brain mapping for navigated neuromodulation. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:508-523. [PMID: 38269482 PMCID: PMC10932519 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The brain is a complex organ that requires precise mapping to understand its structure and function. Brain atlases provide a powerful tool for studying brain circuits, discovering biological markers for early diagnosis, and developing personalized treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuromodulation techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and deep brain stimulation, have revolutionized clinical therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the lack of fine-scale brain atlases limits the precision and effectiveness of these techniques. Advances in neuroimaging and machine learning techniques have led to the emergence of stereotactic-assisted neurosurgery and navigation systems. Still, the individual variability among patients and the diversity of brain diseases make it necessary to develop personalized solutions. The article provides an overview of recent advances in individualized brain mapping and navigated neuromodulation and discusses the methodological profiles, advantages, disadvantages, and future trends of these techniques. The article concludes by posing open questions about the future development of individualized brain mapping and navigated neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohong Gao
- Sino–Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Brainnetome Center, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xinle Cheng
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kristoffer Hougaard Madsen
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre 2650, Denmark
| | - Congying Chu
- Brainnetome Center, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhengyi Yang
- Brainnetome Center, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lingzhong Fan
- Sino–Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Brainnetome Center, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
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Bruno A, Lothmann K, Bludau S, Mohlberg H, Amunts K. New organizational principles and 3D cytoarchitectonic maps of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the human brain. FRONTIERS IN NEUROIMAGING 2024; 3:1339244. [PMID: 38455685 PMCID: PMC10917992 DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2024.1339244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Areas of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) are part of the frontoparietal control, default mode, salience, and ventral attention networks. The DLPFC is involved in executive functions, like working memory, value encoding, attention, decision-making, and behavioral control. This functional heterogeneity is not reflected in existing neuroanatomical maps. For example, previous cytoarchitectonic studies have divided the DLPFC into two or four areas. Macroanatomical parcellations of this region rely on gyri and sulci, which are not congruent with cytoarchitectonic parcellations. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a microstructural analysis of the human DLPFC and 3D maps of cytoarchitectonic areas to help address the observed functional variability in studies of the DLPFC. We analyzed ten human post-mortem brains in serial cell-body stained brain sections and mapped areal boundaries using a statistical image analysis approach. Five new areas (i.e., SFG2, SFG3, SFG4, MFG4, and MFG5) were identified on the superior and middle frontal gyrus, i.e., regions corresponding to parts of Brodmann areas 9 and 46. Gray level index profiles were used to determine interregional cytoarchitectural differences. The five new areas were reconstructed in 3D, and probability maps were generated in commonly used reference spaces, considering the variability of areas in stereotaxic space. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed a high degree of similarity within the identified DLPFC areas while neighboring areas (frontal pole, Broca's region, area 8, and motoric areas) were separable. Comparisons with functional imaging studies revealed specific functional profiles of the DLPFC areas. Our results indicate that the new areas do not follow a simple organizational gradient assumption in the DLPFC. Instead, they are more similar to those of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (Broca's areas 44, 45) and frontopolar areas (Fp1, Fp2) than to the more posterior areas. Within the DLPFC, the cytoarchitectonic similarities between areas do not seem to follow a simple anterior-to-posterior gradient either, but cluster along other principles. The new maps are part of the publicly available Julich Brain Atlas and provide a microstructural reference for existing and future imaging studies. Thus, our study represents a further step toward deciphering the structural-functional organization of the human prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Bruno
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kimberley Lothmann
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bludau
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Hartmut Mohlberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Katrin Amunts
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Tian Y, Tan C, Tan J, Yang L, Tang Y. Top-down modulation of DLPFC in visual search: a study based on fMRI and TMS. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad540. [PMID: 38212289 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective visual search is essential for daily life, and attention orientation as well as inhibition of return play a significant role in visual search. Researches have established the involvement of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in cognitive control during selective attention. However, neural evidence regarding dorsolateral prefrontal cortex modulates inhibition of return in visual search is still insufficient. In this study, we employed event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging and dynamic causal modeling to develop modulation models for two types of visual search tasks. In the region of interest analyses, we found that the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and temporoparietal junction were selectively activated in the main effect of search type. Dynamic causal modeling results indicated that temporoparietal junction received sensory inputs and only dorsolateral prefrontal cortex →temporoparietal junction connection was modulated in serial search. Such neural modulation presents a significant positive correlation with behavioral reaction time. Furthermore, theta burst stimulation via transcranial magnetic stimulation was utilized to modulate the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region, resulting in the disappearance of the inhibition of return effect during serial search after receiving continuous theta burst stimulation. Our findings provide a new line of causal evidence that the top-down modulation by dorsolateral prefrontal cortex influences the inhibition of return effect during serial search possibly through the retention of inhibitory tagging via working memory storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Tian
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
- Institute for Advanced Sciences, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
- Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing 400064, China
| | - Congming Tan
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Jianling Tan
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
- Department of Medical Engineering, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, ChongQing 400065, China
| | - Yi Tang
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
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Li Y, Li R, Gu J, Yi H, He J, Lu F, Gao J. Enhanced group-level dorsolateral prefrontal cortex subregion parcellation through functional connectivity-based distance-constrained spectral clustering with application to autism spectrum disorder. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae020. [PMID: 38300216 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) assumes a central role in cognitive and behavioral control, emerging as a crucial target region for interventions in autism spectrum disorder neuroregulation. Consequently, we endeavor to unravel the functional subregions within the DLPFC to shed light on the intricate functions of the brain. We introduce a distance-constrained spectral clustering (SC-DW) methodology that leverages functional connection to identify distinctive functional subregions within the DLPFC. Furthermore, we verify the relationship between the functional characteristics of these subregions and their clinical implications. Our methodology begins with principal component analysis to extract the salient features. Subsequently, we construct an adjacency matrix, which is constrained by the spatial properties of the brain, by linearly combining the distance matrix and a similarity matrix. The quality of spectral clustering is further optimized through multiple cluster evaluation coefficient. The results from SC-DW revealed four uniform and contiguous subregions within the bilateral DLPFC. Notably, we observe a substantial positive correlation between the functional characteristics of the third and fourth subregions in the left DLPFC with clinical manifestations. These findings underscore the unique insights offered by our proposed methodology in the realms of brain subregion delineation and therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Li
- School of Electrical Engineering and Electronic Information, Xihua University, 9999 Hongguang Avenue, Pixian District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Electrical Engineering and Electronic Information, Xihua University, 9999 Hongguang Avenue, Pixian District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Jiahe Gu
- School of Electrical Engineering and Electronic Information, Xihua University, 9999 Hongguang Avenue, Pixian District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Hongtao Yi
- School of Electrical Engineering and Electronic Information, Xihua University, 9999 Hongguang Avenue, Pixian District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Junbiao He
- School of Electrical Engineering and Electronic Information, Xihua University, 9999 Hongguang Avenue, Pixian District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Fengmei Lu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Avenue, High-tech Zone (West Zone), Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Jingjing Gao
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Avenue, High-tech Zone (West Zone), Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611731, China
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7
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Dobrynina LA, Gadzhieva ZS, Dobrushina OR, Morozova SN, Kremneva EI, Volik AV, Krotenkova MV. [Identifying the neurostimulation target for treatment of cognitive impairment in aging and early cerebral small vessel disease]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2024; 124:34-41. [PMID: 38529861 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202412403134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop individualized approaches to the use of neuromodulation as a non-pharmacological treatment of cognitive impairment (CI) based on the assessment of compensatory brain reserves in functional MRI (fMRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-one adults over 45 years of age, representing a continuum from healthy norm to mild cognitive impairment due to aging and early cerebral small vessel disease, were studied. All participants underwent fMRI while performing two executive tasks - a modified Stroop task and selective counting. To assess the ability to compensate for CI in real life, functional activation and connectivity were analyzed using the BRIEF-MoCA score as a covariate, which is the difference in ratings between the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA). RESULTS Both fMRI tasks were associated with activation of areas of the frontoparietal control network, as well as supplementary motor area (SMA) and the pre-SMA, the lateral premotor cortex, and the cerebellum. An increase in pre- SMA connectivity was observed during the tasks. The BRIEF-MoCA score correlated firstly with connectivity of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and secondly with involvement of the occipital cortex during the counting task. CONCLUSIONS The developed technique allows identification of the functionally relevant target within the left DLPFC in patients with CI in aging and early cerebral microangiopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - A V Volik
- Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
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8
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Strege MV, Richey JA, Siegle GJ. Trying to name what doesn't change: Neural nonresponse to Cognitive Therapy for depression. Psychol Med 2024; 54:136-147. [PMID: 37191029 PMCID: PMC10651800 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723000727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theoretical models of neural mechanisms underlying Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) for major depressive disorder (MDD) propose that psychotherapy changes neural functioning of prefrontal cortical structures associated with cognitive-control processes (DeRubeis, Siegle, & Hollon, ); however, MDD is persistent and characterized by long-lasting vulnerabilities to recurrence after intervention, suggesting that underlying neural mechanisms of MDD remain despite treatment. It follows that identification of treatment-resistant aberrant neural processes in MDD may inform clinical and research efforts targeting sustained remission. Thus, we sought to identify brain regions showing aberrant neural functioning in MDD that either (1) fail to exhibit substantive change (nonresponse) or (2) exhibit functional changes (response) following CBT. METHODS To identify treatment-resistant neural processes (as well as neural processes exhibiting change after treatment), we collected functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of MDD patients (n = 58) before and after CBT as well as never-depressed controls (n = 35) before and after a similar amount of time. We evaluated fMRI data using conjunction analyses, which utilized several contrast-based criteria to characterize brain regions showing both differences between patients and controls at baseline and nonresponse or response to CBT. RESULTS Findings revealed nonresponse in a cerebellar region and response in prefrontal and parietal regions. CONCLUSIONS Results are consistent with prior theoretical models of CBT's direct effect on cortical regulatory processes but expand on them with identification of additional regions (and associated neural systems) of response and nonresponse to CBT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John A. Richey
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Department of Psychology
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Qiu D, Ge Z, Mei Y, Wang W, Xiong Z, Li X, Yuan Z, Zhang P, Zhang M, Liu X, Zhang Y, Yu X, Tang H, Wang Y. Mapping brain functional networks topological characteristics in new daily persistent headache: a magnetoencephalography study. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:161. [PMID: 38053071 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brain functional network topology in new daily persistent headache (NDPH) is not well understood. In this study, we aim to assess the cortical functional network topological characteristics of NDPH using non-invasive neural signal recordings. METHODS Resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) was used to measure power fluctuations in neuronal oscillations from distributed cortical parcels in 35 patients with NDPH and 40 healthy controls (HCs). Their structural data were collected by 3T MRI. Functional connectivity (FC) of neural networks from 1 to 80 Hz frequency ranges was analyzed with topographic patterns and calculated network topological parameters with graph theory. RESULTS In the delta (1-4 Hz) and beta (13-30 Hz) bands, the lateral occipital cortex and superior frontal gyrus FC were increased in NDPH groups compared to HCs. Graph theory analysis revealed that the NDPH had significantly increased global efficiency in the delta band and decreased nodal clustering coefficient (left medial orbitofrontal cortex) in the theta (4-8 Hz) band. The clinical characteristics had a significant correlation with network topological parameters. Age at onset of patients showed a positive correlation with global efficiency in the delta band. The degree of depression of patients showed a negative correlation with the nodal clustering coefficient (left medial orbitofrontal cortex) in the theta band. CONCLUSION The FC and topology of NDPH in brain networks may be altered, potentially leading to cortical hyperexcitability. Moreover, medial orbitofrontal cortex is involved in the pathophysiological mechanism of depression in patients with NDPH. Increased FC observed in the lateral occipital cortex and superior frontal gyrus during resting-state MEG could serve as one of the imaging characteristics associated with NDPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zhaoli Ge
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanliang Mei
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zhonghua Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Li
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Ziyu Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Mantian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xueying Yu
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Hefei Tang
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Headache Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
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10
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Smolders L, De Baene W, van der Hofstad R, Florack L, Rutten GJ. Working memory performance in glioma patients is associated with functional connectivity between the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and default mode network. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:1826-1839. [PMID: 37694505 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
In healthy subjects, activity in the default mode network (DMN) and the frontoparietal network (FPN) has consistently been associated with working memory (WM). In particular, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is important for WM. The functional-anatomical basis of WM impairment in glioma patients is, however, still poorly understood. We investigated whether WM performance of glioma patients is reflected in resting-state functional connectivity (FC) between the DMN and FPN, additionally focusing on the DLPFC. Resting-state functional MRI data were acquired from 45 glioma patients prior to surgery. WM performance was derived from a pre-operative N-back task. Scans were parcellated into ROIs using both the Gordon and Yeo atlas. FC was calculated as the average Pearson correlation between functional time series. The FC between right DLPFC and DMN was inversely related to WM performance for both the Gordon and Yeo atlas (p = .010). No association was found for FC between left DLPFC and DMN, nor between the whole FPN and DMN. The results are robust and not dependent on atlas choice or tumor location, as they hold for both the Gordon and Yeo atlases, and independently of location variables. Our findings show that WM performance of glioma patients can be quantified in terms of interactions between regions and large-scale networks that can be measured with resting-state fMRI. These group-based results are a necessary step toward development of biomarkers for clinical management of glioma patients, and provide additional evidence that global disruption of the DMN relates to cognitive impairment in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Smolders
- Department of Neurosurgery, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter De Baene
- Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Remco van der Hofstad
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Florack
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Geert-Jan Rutten
- Department of Neurosurgery, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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11
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McCarthy B, Datta S, Sesa-Ashton G, Wong R, Henderson LA, Dawood T, Macefield VG. Top-down control of vestibular inputs by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:2845-2853. [PMID: 37902866 PMCID: PMC10635918 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06722-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
The vestibular apparatus provides spatial information on the position of the head in space and with respect to gravity. Low-frequency sinusoidal galvanic vestibular stimulation (sGVS), a means of selectively changing the firing of vestibular afferents, induces a frequency-dependent perception of sway and, in some individuals, induces nausea. Given that vestibular afferents project to the insular cortex-which forms part of the vestibular cortex-and that the insula receives inputs from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), we tested the hypothesis that electrical stimulation of the dlPFC can modulate vestibular inputs. Sinusoidal electrical stimulation (± 2 mA, 0.08 Hz, 100 cycles) was delivered via surface electrodes over (1) the mastoid processes alone (sGVS), (2) electroencephalogram (EEG) site F4 (right dlPFC) and the nasion or (3) to each site concurrently (sGVS + dlPFC) in 23 participants. The same stimulation protocol was used in a separate study to investigate EEG site F3 (left dlPFC) instead of F4 in 13 participants. During sGVS, all participants reported perceptions of sway and 13 participants also reported nausea, neither sensation of which occurred as a result of dlPFC stimulation. Interestingly, when sGVS and dlPFC stimulations were delivered concurrently, vestibular perceptions and sensations of nausea were almost completely abolished. We conclude that the dlPFC provides top-down control of vestibular inputs and further suggests that dlPFC stimulation may provide a novel means of controlling nausea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan McCarthy
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sudipta Datta
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Rebecca Wong
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Luke A Henderson
- School of Medical Sciences (Neuroscience), Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tye Dawood
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vaughan G Macefield
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
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Indahlastari A, Dunn AL, Pedersen S, Kraft JN, Someya S, Albizu A, Woods AJ. Impact of electrode selection on modeling tDCS in the aging brain. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1274114. [PMID: 38077189 PMCID: PMC10704166 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1274114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Person-specific computational models can estimate transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) current dose delivered to the brain and predict treatment response. Artificially created electrode models derived from virtual 10-20 EEG measurements are typically included in these models as current injection and removal sites. The present study directly compares current flow models generated via artificially placed electrodes ("artificial" electrode models) against those generated using real electrodes acquired from structural MRI scans ("real" electrode models) of older adults. Methods A total of 16 individualized head models were derived from cognitively healthy older adults (mean age = 71.8 years) who participated in an in-scanner tDCS study with an F3-F4 montage. Visible tDCS electrodes captured within the MRI scans were segmented to create the "real" electrode model. In contrast, the "artificial" electrodes were generated in ROAST. Percentage differences in current density were computed in selected regions of interest (ROIs) as examples of stimulation targets within an F3-F4 montage. Main results We found significant inverse correlations (p < 0.001) between median current density values and brain atrophy in both electrode pipelines with slightly larger correlations found in the artificial pipeline. The percent difference (PD) of the electrode distances between the two models predicted the median current density values computed in the ROIs, gray, and white matter, with significant correlation between electrode distance PDs and current density. The correlation between PD of the contact areas and the computed median current densities in the brain was found to be non-significant. Conclusions This study demonstrates potential discrepancies in generated current density models using real versus artificial electrode placement when applying tDCS to an older adult cohort. Our findings strongly suggest that future tDCS clinical work should consider closely monitoring and rigorously documenting electrode location during stimulation to model tDCS montages as closely as possible to actual placement. Detailed physical electrode location data may provide more precise information and thus produce more robust tDCS modeling results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aprinda Indahlastari
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ayden L. Dunn
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Samantha Pedersen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jessica N. Kraft
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Shizu Someya
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Alejandro Albizu
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Adam J. Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Patel M, Teferi M, Casalvera A, Lynch K, Nitchie F, Makhoul W, Oathes DJ, Sheline Y, Balderston NL. Interleaved TMS/fMRI shows that threat decreases dlPFC-mediated top-down regulation of emotion processing. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.11.23298414. [PMID: 37986856 PMCID: PMC10659468 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.11.23298414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Background The right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) has been indicated to be a key region in the cognitive regulation of emotion by many previous neuromodulation and neuroimaging studies. However, there is little direct causal evidence supporting this top-down regulation hypothesis. Furthermore, it is unclear whether contextual threat impacts this top-down regulation. By combining TMS/fMRI, this study aimed to uncover the impact of unpredictable threat on TMS-evoked BOLD response in dlPFC-regulated emotional networks. Based on the previous findings linking the dlPFC to the downregulation of emotional network activity, we hypothesized TMS pulses would deactivate activity in anxiety expression regions, and that threat would reduce this top-down regulation. Methods 44 healthy controls (no current or history of psychiatric disorders) were recruited to take part in a broader study. Subjects completed the neutral, predictable, and unpredictable (NPU) threat task while receiving TMS pulses to either the right dlPFC or a control region. dlPFC targeting was based on data from a separate targeting session, where subjects completed the Sternberg working memory (WM) task inside the MRI scanner. Results When compared to safe conditions, subjects reported significantly higher levels of anxiety under threat conditions. Additionally, TMS-evoked responses in the left insula (LI), right sensory/motor cortex (RSM), and a region encompassing the bilateral SMA regions (BSMA) differed significantly between safe and threat conditions. There was a significant TMS-evoked deactivation in safe periods that was significantly attenuated in threat periods across all 3 regions. Conclusions These findings suggest that threat decreases dlPFC-regulated emotional processing by attenuating the top-down control of emotion, like the left insula. Critically, these findings provide support for the use of right dlPFC stimulation as a potential intervention in anxiety disorders.
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Boeken OJ, Cieslik EC, Langner R, Markett S. Characterizing functional modules in the human thalamus: coactivation-based parcellation and systems-level functional decoding. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:1811-1834. [PMID: 36547707 PMCID: PMC10516793 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02603-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The human thalamus relays sensory signals to the cortex and facilitates brain-wide communication. The thalamus is also more directly involved in sensorimotor and various cognitive functions but a full characterization of its functional repertoire, particularly in regard to its internal anatomical structure, is still outstanding. As a putative hub in the human connectome, the thalamus might reveal its functional profile only in conjunction with interconnected brain areas. We therefore developed a novel systems-level Bayesian reverse inference decoding that complements the traditional neuroinformatics approach towards a network account of thalamic function. The systems-level decoding considers the functional repertoire (i.e., the terms associated with a brain region) of all regions showing co-activations with a predefined seed region in a brain-wide fashion. Here, we used task-constrained meta-analytic connectivity-based parcellation (MACM-CBP) to identify thalamic subregions as seed regions and applied the systems-level decoding to these subregions in conjunction with functionally connected cortical regions. Our results confirm thalamic structure-function relationships known from animal and clinical studies and revealed further associations with language, memory, and locomotion that have not been detailed in the cognitive neuroscience literature before. The systems-level decoding further uncovered large systems engaged in autobiographical memory and nociception. We propose this novel decoding approach as a useful tool to detect previously unknown structure-function relationships at the brain network level, and to build viable starting points for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole J Boeken
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Molecular Psychology, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Rudower Chaussee 18, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Edna C Cieslik
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Robert Langner
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Markett
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Molecular Psychology, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Rudower Chaussee 18, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Pollok B, Depperschmidt C, Koester M, Schmidt-Wilcke T, Krause V. Cathodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) of the left ventral prefrontal cortex (vPFC) interferes with conscious error correction. Behav Brain Res 2023; 454:114661. [PMID: 37696453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Precise motor timing requires the ability to flexibly adapt one's own movements with respect to changes in the environment. Previous studies suggest that the correction of perceived as compared to non-perceived timing errors involves at least partially distinct brain networks. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dPFC) has been linked to the correction of perceived timing errors and evidence for a contribution of the ventrolateral PFC (vPFC) specifically to the correction of non-perceived errors exists. The present study aimed at clarifying the functional contribution of the left vPFC for the correction of timing errors by adopting high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS). Twenty-one young healthy volunteers synchronized their right index finger taps with respect to an isochronous auditory pacing signal. Perceivable and non-perceivable step-changes of the metronome were interspersed, and error correction was analyzed by means of the phase-correction response (PCR). In subsequent sessions anodal and cathodal HD-tDCS was applied to the left vPFC to establish a brain-behavior relationship. Sham stimulation served as control condition. Synchronization accuracy as well as error correction were determined immediately prior to and after HD-tDCS. The analysis suggests a detrimental effect of cathodal HD-tDCS distinctively on error correction in trials with perceived timing errors. The data support the significance of the left vPFC for error correction in the temporal domain but contradicts the view of a role in the correction of non-perceived errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Pollok
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Carina Depperschmidt
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Maximilian Koester
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmidt-Wilcke
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; Center of Neurology, District Hospital Mainkofen, 94469 Deggendorf, Germany
| | - Vanessa Krause
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; Department of Neuropsychology, Mauritius Hospital and Neurorehabilitation Center Meerbusch, 40670 Meerbusch, Germany
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16
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Martin A, Lane TJ, Hsu TY. DLPFC-PPC-cTBS effects on metacognitive awareness. Cortex 2023; 167:41-50. [PMID: 37523964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroimaging and lesion studies suggested that the dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices mediate visual metacognitive awareness. The causal evidence provided by non-invasive brain stimulation, however, is inconsistent. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS Here we revisit a major figure discrimination experiment adding a new Kanizsa figure task trying to resolve whether bilateral continuous theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (cTBS) over these regions affects perceptual metacognition. Specifically, we tested whether subjective visibility ratings and/or metacognitive efficiency are lower when cTBS is applied to these two regions in comparison to an active control region. METHODS A within-subjects design including three sessions spaced by one-week intervals was implemented. In each session, every participant was administered bilateral cTBS to either prefrontal, control or parietal cortices. Two concurrent tasks were performed, a real and an illusory figure task, stabilising objective performance with use of an adaptive staircase procedure. RESULTS When performing the replicated task, cTBS was found insufficient to disrupt neither visibility ratings nor metacognitive efficiency. However, with use of Kanizsa style illusory figures, cTBS over the dorsolateral prefrontal, but not over the posterior parietal cortex, was observed to significantly diminish metacognitive efficiency. CONCLUSION(S) Real and illusory figure tasks demonstrated different cTBS effects. A possible explanation is the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in the creation of expectations, which is necessary for efficient metacognition. Failure to replicate previous findings for the real figure task, however, cannot be said to support, conclusively, the notion that these brain regions have a causal role in metacognitive awareness. This inconsistent finding may result from certain limitations of our study, thereby suggesting the need for yet further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Martin
- Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness (GIMBC), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Timothy J Lane
- Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness (GIMBC), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain and Consciousness Research Center (BCRC), TMU-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness (GIMBC), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain and Consciousness Research Center (BCRC), TMU-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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17
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Kollndorfer K, Novak A, Nenning KH, Fischmeister FPS, Seidl R, Langs G, Kasprian G, Prayer D, Bartha-Doering L. Cortical thickness in the right medial frontal gyrus predicts planning performance in healthy children and adolescents. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1196707. [PMID: 37794918 PMCID: PMC10546024 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1196707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to plan is an important part of the set of the cognitive skills called "executive functions." To be able to plan actions in advance is of great importance in everyday life and constitutes one of the major key features for academic as well as economic success. The present study aimed to investigate the neuroanatomical correlates of planning in normally developing children, as measured by the cortical thickness of the prefrontal cortex. Eighteen healthy children and adolescents underwent structural MRI examinations and the Tower of London (ToL) task. A multiple regression analysis revealed that the cortical thickness of the right caudal middle frontal gyrus (cMFG) was a significant predictor of planning performance. Neither the cortical thickness of any other prefrontal area nor gender were significantly associated with performance in the ToL task. The results of the present exploratory study suggest that the cortical thickness of the right, but not the left cMFG, is positively correlated with performance in the ToL task. We, therefore, conclude that increased cortical thickness may be more beneficial for higher-order processes, such as information integration, than for lower-order processes, such as the analysis of external information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Kollndorfer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Developmental and Interventional Imaging (DIN) Lab, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Novak
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl-Heinz Nenning
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Computational Imaging Research Lab (CIR), Vienna, Austria
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, United States
| | - Florian Ph S. Fischmeister
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Developmental and Interventional Imaging (DIN) Lab, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rainer Seidl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Langs
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Computational Imaging Research Lab (CIR), Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Kasprian
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Prayer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Bartha-Doering
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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18
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Behfar Q, Richter N, Kural M, Clemens A, Behfar SK, Folkerts AK, Fassbender R, Kalbe E, Fink GR, Onur OA. Improved connectivity and cognition due to cognitive stimulation in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1140975. [PMID: 37662551 PMCID: PMC10470843 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1140975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the increasing prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the limited efficacy of pharmacological treatment, the interest in non-pharmacological interventions, e.g., cognitive stimulation therapy (CST), to improve cognitive dysfunction and the quality of life of AD patients are on a steady rise. Objectives Here, we examined the efficacy of a CST program specifically conceptualized for AD dementia patients and the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive or behavioral benefits of CST. Methods Using neuropsychological tests and MRI-based measurements of functional connectivity, we examined the (neuro-) psychological status and network changes at two time points: pre vs. post-stimulation (8 to 12 weeks) in the intervention group (n = 15) who received the CST versus a no-intervention control group (n = 15). Results After CST, we observed significant improvement in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale, cognitive subsection (ADAS-cog), and the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) scores. These cognitive improvements were associated with an up-regulated functional connectivity between the left posterior hippocampus and the trunk of the left postcentral gyrus. Conclusion Our data indicate that CST seems to induce short-term global cognition and behavior improvements in mild to moderate AD dementia and enhances resting-state functional connectivity in learning- and memory-associated brain regions. These convergent results prove that even in mild to moderate dementia AD, neuroplasticity can be harnessed to alleviate cognitive impairment with CST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qumars Behfar
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Juelich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nils Richter
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Juelich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Merve Kural
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anne Clemens
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Kambiz Behfar
- Department of Information Systems, Geneva School of Business Administration (HES-SO Genéve), Carouge, Switzerland
| | - Ann-Kristin Folkerts
- Medical Psychology Neuropsychology and Gender Studies and Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (CeNDI), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ronja Fassbender
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Juelich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elke Kalbe
- Medical Psychology Neuropsychology and Gender Studies and Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (CeNDI), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gereon R. Fink
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Juelich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oezguer A. Onur
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Juelich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Surya JR, Habelhah B, Haroon J, Mahdavi K, Jordan K, Becerra S, Venkatraman V, Deveney C, Bystritsky A, Kuhn T, Jordan S. Functional MRI Lateralization [M1] of dlPFC and Implications for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Targeting. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2690. [PMID: 37627949 PMCID: PMC10453109 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13162690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates a potential method of optimizing effective strategies for the functional lateralization of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) while in a scanner. Effective hemisphere lateralization of the dlPFC is crucial for lowering the functional risks connected to specific interventions (such as neurosurgery and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), as well as increasing the effectiveness of a given intervention by figuring out the optimal location. This task combines elements of creative problem solving, executive decision making based on an internal rule set, and working memory. A retrospective analysis was performed on a total of 58 unique participants (34 males, 24 females, Mage = 42.93 years, SDage = 16.38). Of these participants, 47 were classified as right-handed, 7 were classified as left-handed, and 4 were classified as ambidextrous, according to the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory. The imaging data were qualitatively judged by two trained, blinded investigators (neurologist and neuropsychologist) for dominant handedness (primary motor cortex) and dominant dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). The results demonstrated that 21.4% of right-handed individuals showed a dominant dlPFC localized to the right hemisphere rather than the assumed left, and 16.7% of left-handers were dominant in their left hemisphere. The task completed in the scanner might be an efficient method for localizing a potential dlPFC target for the purpose of brain stimulation (e.g., TMS), though further study replications are needed to extend and validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Rama Surya
- Neurological Associates—The Interventional Group, 2811 Wilshire Blvd #790, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA; (B.H.); (J.H.); (C.D.)
| | - Barshen Habelhah
- Neurological Associates—The Interventional Group, 2811 Wilshire Blvd #790, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA; (B.H.); (J.H.); (C.D.)
| | - Jonathan Haroon
- Neurological Associates—The Interventional Group, 2811 Wilshire Blvd #790, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA; (B.H.); (J.H.); (C.D.)
| | - Kennedy Mahdavi
- Neurological Associates—The Interventional Group, 2811 Wilshire Blvd #790, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA; (B.H.); (J.H.); (C.D.)
| | - Kaya Jordan
- Neurological Associates—The Interventional Group, 2811 Wilshire Blvd #790, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA; (B.H.); (J.H.); (C.D.)
| | - Sergio Becerra
- Neurological Associates—The Interventional Group, 2811 Wilshire Blvd #790, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA; (B.H.); (J.H.); (C.D.)
| | - Victoria Venkatraman
- Neurological Associates—The Interventional Group, 2811 Wilshire Blvd #790, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA; (B.H.); (J.H.); (C.D.)
| | - Chloe Deveney
- Neurological Associates—The Interventional Group, 2811 Wilshire Blvd #790, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA; (B.H.); (J.H.); (C.D.)
| | - Alexander Bystritsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 10833, USA
| | - Taylor Kuhn
- Neurological Associates—The Interventional Group, 2811 Wilshire Blvd #790, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA; (B.H.); (J.H.); (C.D.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 10833, USA
| | - Sheldon Jordan
- Neurological Associates—The Interventional Group, 2811 Wilshire Blvd #790, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA; (B.H.); (J.H.); (C.D.)
- Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 10833, USA
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Jung C, Kim J, Park K. Cognitive and affective interaction with somatosensory afference in acupuncture-a specific brain response to compound stimulus. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1105703. [PMID: 37415858 PMCID: PMC10321409 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1105703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acupuncture is a clinical intervention consisting of multiple stimulus components, including somatosensory stimulation and manipulation of therapeutic context. Existing findings in neuroscience consolidated cognitive modulation to somatosensory afferent process, which could differ from placebo mechanism in brain. Here, we aimed to identify intrinsic process of brain interactions induced by compound stimulus of acupuncture treatment. Methods To separately and comprehensively investigate somatosensory afferent and cognitive/affective processes in brain, we implemented a novel experimental protocol of contextual manipulation with somatosensory stimulation (real acupuncture: REAL) and only contextual manipulation (phantom acupuncture: PHNT) for fMRI scan, and conducted independent component (IC)-wise assessment with the concatenated fMRI data. Results By our double (experimentally and analytically) dissociation, two ICs (CA1: executive control, CA2: goal-directed sensory process) for cognitive/affective modulation (associated with both REAL and PHNT) and other two ICs (SA1: interoceptive attention and motor-reaction, SA2: somatosensory representation) for somatosensory afference (associated with only REAL) were identified. Moreover, coupling between SA1 and SA2 was associated with a decreased heart rate during stimulation, whereas CA1 was associated with a delayed heart rate decrease post-stimulation. Furthermore, partial correlation network for these components demonstrated a bi-directional interaction between CA1 and SA1/SA2, suggesting the cognitive modulation to somatosensory process. The expectation for the treatment negatively affected CA1 but positively affected SA1 in REAL, whereas the expectation positively affected CA1 in PHNT. Discussion These specific cognitive-somatosensory interaction in REAL were differed from vicarious sensation mechanism in PHNT; and might be associated with a characteristic of acupuncture, which induces voluntary attention for interoception. Our findings on brain interactions in acupuncture treatment elucidated the underlying brain mechanisms for compound stimulus of somatosensory afferent and therapeutic contextual manipulation, which might be a specific response to acupuncture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjin Jung
- Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
- Division of KM Science Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Division of KM Science Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmo Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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21
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Yadav Y, Elumalai P, Williams N, Jost J, Samal A. Discrete Ricci curvatures capture age-related changes in human brain functional connectivity networks. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1120846. [PMID: 37293668 PMCID: PMC10244515 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1120846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Geometry-inspired notions of discrete Ricci curvature have been successfully used as markers of disrupted brain connectivity in neuropsychiatric disorders, but their ability to characterize age-related changes in functional connectivity is unexplored. Methods We apply Forman-Ricci curvature and Ollivier-Ricci curvature to compare functional connectivity networks of healthy young and older subjects from the Max Planck Institute Leipzig Study for Mind-Body-Emotion Interactions (MPI-LEMON) dataset (N = 225). Results We found that both Forman-Ricci curvature and Ollivier-Ricci curvature can capture whole-brain and region-level age-related differences in functional connectivity. Meta-analysis decoding demonstrated that those brain regions with age-related curvature differences were associated with cognitive domains known to manifest age-related changes-movement, affective processing, and somatosensory processing. Moreover, the curvature values of some brain regions showing age-related differences exhibited correlations with behavioral scores of affective processing. Finally, we found an overlap between brain regions showing age-related curvature differences and those brain regions whose non-invasive stimulation resulted in improved movement performance in older adults. Discussion Our results suggest that both Forman-Ricci curvature and Ollivier-Ricci curvature correctly identify brain regions that are known to be functionally or clinically relevant. Our results add to a growing body of evidence demonstrating the sensitivity of discrete Ricci curvature measures to changes in the organization of functional connectivity networks, both in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasharth Yadav
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences (IMSc), Chennai, India
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, India
| | | | - Nitin Williams
- Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute of Information Technology, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Jürgen Jost
- Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, United States
| | - Areejit Samal
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences (IMSc), Chennai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
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22
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Taylor H, Nicholas P, Hoy K, Bailey N, Tanglay O, Young IM, Dobbin L, Doyen S, Sughrue ME, Fitzgerald PB. Functional connectivity analysis of the depression connectome provides potential markers and targets for transcranial magnetic stimulation. J Affect Disord 2023; 329:539-547. [PMID: 36841298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite efforts to improve targeting accuracy of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) as a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) target for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), the heterogeneity in clinical response remains unexplained. OBJECTIVE We sought to compare the patterns of functional connectivity from the DLPFC treatment site in patients with MDD who were TMS responders to those who were TMS non-responders. METHODS Baseline anatomical T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), resting-state functional MRI, and diffusion weighted imaging scans were obtained from 37 participants before they underwent a course of rTMS to left Brodmann area 46. A novel machine learning method was utilized to identify brain regions associated with each item of the Beck's Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), and for 26 participants who underwent rTMS treatment over the left Brodmann area 46, identify regions differentiating rTMS responders and non-responders. RESULTS Nine parcels of the Human Connectome Project Multimodal Parcellation Atlas matched to at least three items of the Beck's Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) as predictors of response to rTMS, with many in the temporal, parietal and cingulate cortices. Additionally, pre-treatment mapping for 17 items of the BDI-II demonstrated significant variability in symptom to parcel mapping. When parcels associated with symptom presence and symptom resolution were compared, 15 parcels were uniquely associated with resolution (potential targets), and 12 parcels were associated with both symptom presence and resolution (blockers or biomarkers). CONCLUSIONS Machine learning approaches show promise for the development of pathoanatomical diagnosis and treatment algorithms for MDD. Prospective studies are required to facilitate clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Taylor
- Omniscient Neurotechnology, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Kate Hoy
- Central Clinical School Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Camberwell, Victoria, Australia; Bionics Institute, 384-388 Albert St, East Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
| | - Neil Bailey
- Central Clinical School Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Camberwell, Victoria, Australia; Monarch Research Institute Monarch Mental Health Group, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Medicine and Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paul B Fitzgerald
- School of Medicine and Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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23
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Yoshimura S, Nakamura S, Morimoto T. Changes in neural activity during the combining affect labeling and reappraisal. Neurosci Res 2023; 190:51-59. [PMID: 36473523 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reappraisal, an emotion regulation strategy, is an effective way of controlling negative emotions. Conversely, it is known that affect labeling regulates negative emotions using a different process from reappraisal, and it is possible that the combined use of affect labeling and reappraisal might enhance the control of negative emotion. In this study, we compared the brain activity during combined use of affect labeling and reappraisal to negative emotion with the sole use of reappraisal by using fMRI. The participants performed a reappraisal after affect labeling to negative emotion which induced by negative image. In comparison to the sole use of reappraisal, increased activity was found in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus and medial frontal gyrus, whereas decreased activity in the right amygdala. Furthermore, based on the results of a functional connectivity analysis using the seed region of the right amygdala, it was determined that coupling with the right amygdala increases due to the combined use of affect labeling and reappraisal. The results reveal that affect labeling of negative emotion potentially effects on reappraisal, which has implications for the more effective use of reappraisal.
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24
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Qiu D, Wang W, Mei Y, Tang H, Yuan Z, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Yu X, Yang C, Wang Q, Wang Y. Brain structure and cortical activity changes of new daily persistent headache: multimodal evidence from MEG/sMRI. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:45. [PMID: 37098498 PMCID: PMC10129440 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01581-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New daily persistent headache (NDPH) is a rare but debilitating primary headache disorder that poses a significant burden on individuals and society. Despite its clinical importance, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of NDPH remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the brain structural changes and neural activity patterns in patients with NDPH using multimodal brain imaging analysis of structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) combined with magnetoencephalography (MEG). METHODS Twenty-eight patients with NDPH and 37 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for this study, and their structural and resting-state data were collected by 3.0 Tesla MRI and MEG. We analyzed the brain morphology using voxel-based morphometry and source-based morphometry. In each brain region, MEG sensor signals from 1 to 200 Hz were analyzed using an adapted version of Welch's method. MEG source localization was conducted using the dynamic statistical parametric mapping, and the difference of source distribution between patients with NDPH and HCs was examined. RESULTS Our results revealed significant differences in the regional grey matter volume, cortical thickness, and cortical surface area between the two groups. Specifically, compared with HCs, patients with NDPH showed a significant decrease in cortical thickness of the left rostral cortex in the middle frontal gyrus, decreased cortical surface area of the left fusiform gyrus, decreased grey matter volume of the left superior frontal gyrus and the left middle frontal gyrus, and increased grey matter volume of the left calcarine. Furthermore, the power of the whole brain, bilateral frontal lobes, and right temporal lobe in the NDPH group were higher than that in HCs in the ripple frequency band (80-200 Hz). Functional and structural analysis suggested that there were structural changes and abnormal high frequency cortical activity in both frontal and temporal lobes in patients with NDPH. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that patients with NDPH have abnormalities in brain morphology, such as cortical area, cortical thickness, and grey matter volume, accompanied by abnormal cortical neural activity. Brain structural changes in the frontotemporal cortex and abnormalities in cortical ripple activity may be involved in the pathogenesis of NDPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Qiu
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Yanliang Mei
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Hefei Tang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyu Yuan
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Xueying Yu
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, 100070, Beijing, China.
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25
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Alexander WH, Deraeve J, Vassena E. Dissociation and integration of outcome and state uncertainty signals in cognitive control. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023:10.3758/s13415-023-01091-7. [PMID: 37058212 PMCID: PMC10390360 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01091-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Signals related to uncertainty are frequently observed in regions of the cognitive control network, including anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex (ACC/mPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and anterior insular cortex. Uncertainty generally refers to conditions in which decision variables may assume multiple possible values and can arise at multiple points in the perception-action cycle, including sensory input, inferred states of the environment, and the consequences of actions. These sources of uncertainty are frequently correlated: noisy input can lead to unreliable estimates of the state of the environment, with consequential influences on action selection. Given this correlation amongst various sources of uncertainty, dissociating the neural structures underlying their estimation presents an ongoing issue: a region associated with uncertainty related to outcomes may estimate outcome uncertainty itself, or it may reflect a cascade effect of state uncertainty on outcome estimates. In this study, we derive signals of state and outcome uncertainty from mathematical models of risk and observe regions in the cognitive control network whose activity is best explained by signals related to state uncertainty (anterior insula), outcome uncertainty (dlPFC), as well as regions that appear to integrate the two (ACC/mPFC).
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Alexander
- Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
- The Brain Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - James Deraeve
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eliana Vassena
- Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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26
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Sassenberg TA, Burton PC, Mwilambwe-Tshilobo L, Jung RE, Rustichini A, Spreng RN, DeYoung CG. Conscientiousness associated with efficiency of the salience/ventral attention network: Replication in three samples using individualized parcellation. Neuroimage 2023; 272:120081. [PMID: 37011715 PMCID: PMC10132286 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Conscientiousness, and related constructs impulsivity and self-control, have been related to structural and functional properties of regions in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and anterior insula. Network-based conceptions of brain function suggest that these regions belong to a single large-scale network, labeled the salience/ventral attention network (SVAN). The current study tested associations between conscientiousness and resting-state functional connectivity in this network using two community samples (N's = 244 and 239) and data from the Human Connectome Project (N = 1000). Individualized parcellation was used to improve functional localization accuracy and facilitate replication. Functional connectivity was measured using an index of network efficiency, a graph theoretical measure quantifying the capacity for parallel information transfer within a network. Efficiency of a set of parcels in the SVAN was significantly associated with conscientiousness in all samples. Findings are consistent with a theory of conscientiousness as a function of variation in neural networks underlying effective prioritization of goals.
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27
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Wang S, Kennedy SH, Salomons TV, Ceniti AK, McInerney SJ, Bergmans Y, Pizzagalli DA, Farb N, Turecki G, Schweizer TA, Churchill N, Sinyor M, Rizvi SJ. Resting-state neural mechanisms of capability for suicide and their interaction with pain - A CAN-BIND-05 Study. J Affect Disord 2023; 330:139-147. [PMID: 36878406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal ideation is highly prevalent in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, the factors determining who will transition from ideation to attempt are not established. Emerging research points to suicide capability (SC), which reflects fearlessness of death and increased pain tolerance, as a construct mediating this transition. This Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression study (CANBIND-5) aimed to identify the neural basis of SC and its interaction with pain as a marker of suicide attempt. METHODS MDD patients (n = 20) with suicide risk and healthy controls (n = 21) completed a self-report SC scale and a cold pressor task measuring pain threshold, tolerance, endurance, and intensity at threshold and tolerance. All participants underwent a resting-state brain scan and functional connectivity was examined for 4 regions: anterior insula (aIC), posterior insula (pIC), anterior mid-cingulate cortex (aMCC) and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC). RESULTS In MDD, SC correlated positively with pain endurance and negatively with threshold intensity. Furthermore, SC correlated with the connectivity of aIC to the supramarginal gyrus, pIC to the paracingulate gyrus, aMCC to the paracingulate gyrus, and sgACC to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. These correlations were stronger in MDD compared to controls. Only threshold intensity mediated the correlation between SC and connectivity strength. LIMITATIONS Resting-state scans provided an indirect assessment of SC and the pain network. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight point to a neural network underlying SC that is associated with pain processing. This supports the potential clinical utility of pain response measurement as a method to investigate markers of suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijing Wang
- Arthur Sommer Rotenberg Suicide and Depression Studies Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sidney H Kennedy
- Arthur Sommer Rotenberg Suicide and Depression Studies Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tim V Salomons
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Amanda K Ceniti
- Arthur Sommer Rotenberg Suicide and Depression Studies Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shane J McInerney
- Department of Psychiatry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Yvonne Bergmans
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Norman Farb
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Tom A Schweizer
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nathan Churchill
- Neuroscience Research Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mark Sinyor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sakina J Rizvi
- Arthur Sommer Rotenberg Suicide and Depression Studies Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Sacca V, Maleki N, Wen Y, Hodges S, Kong J. Modulation Effects of Repeated Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation at the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex: A Pulsed Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling Study. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13030395. [PMID: 36979205 PMCID: PMC10046672 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising non-invasive method to modulate brain excitability. The aim of this study was to better understand the cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes during and after repeated tDCS at the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in healthy participants using pulsed continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL). Elucidating CBF changes associated with repeated tDCS may shed light on the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of tDCS. tDCS was applied for three consecutive days for 20 min at 2 mA, and MRI scans were performed on day 1 and 3. During anodal tDCS, increased CBF was detected in the bilateral thalamus on day 1 and 3 (12% on day 1 and of 14% on day 3) and in the insula on day 1 (12%). After anodal tDCS on day 1, increased CBF was detected in the cerebellum and occipital lobe (11.8%), while both cathodal and sham tDCS were associated with increased CBF in the insula (11% and 10%, respectively). Moreover, anodal tDCS led to increased CBF in the lateral prefrontal cortex and midcingulate cortex in comparison to the sham. These findings suggest that tDCS can modulate the CBF and different tDCS modes may lead to different effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jian Kong
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-726-7893
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29
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Watanabe A, Sawamura D, Nakazono H, Tokikuni Y, Miura H, Sugawara K, Fuyama K, Tohyama H, Yoshida S, Sakai S. Transcranial direct current stimulation to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex enhances early dexterity skills with the left non-dominant hand: a randomized controlled trial. J Transl Med 2023; 21:143. [PMID: 36823635 PMCID: PMC9951449 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03989-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is involved in early-phase manual dexterity skill acquisition when cognitive control processes, such as integration and complexity demands, are required. However, the effectiveness of left DLPFC transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on early-phase motor learning and whether its effectiveness depends on the cognitive demand of the target task are unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether tDCS over the left DLPFC improves non-dominant hand dexterity performance and determine if its efficacy depends on the cognitive demand of the target task. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial, 70 healthy, right-handed, young adult participants were recruited. They were randomly allocated to the active tDCS (2 mA for 20 min) or sham groups and repeatedly performed the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPT) left-handed peg task and left-handed assembly task three times: pre-tDCS, during tDCS, and post tDCS. RESULTS The final sample comprised 66 healthy young adults (mean age, 22.73 ± 1.57 years). There were significant interactions between group and time in both PPT tasks, indicating significantly higher performance of those in the active tDCS group than those in the sham group post tDCS (p < 0.001). Moreover, a greater benefit was observed in the left-handed assembly task performance than in the peg task performance (p < 0.001). No significant correlation between baseline performance and benefits from tDCS was observed in either task. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that prefrontal tDCS significantly improved early-phase manual dexterity skill acquisition, and its benefits were greater for the task with high cognitive demands. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of the left DLPFC in the modulation of early-phase dexterity skill acquisition. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry in Japan (UMIN000046868), Registered February 8, 2022 https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000053467.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Watanabe
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812 Japan
| | - Daisuke Sawamura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Hisato Nakazono
- grid.443459.b0000 0004 0374 9105Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medical Science, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, 814-0001 Japan
| | - Yukina Tokikuni
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miura
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sugawara
- grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Physical Therapy, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, 060-8556 Japan
| | - Kanako Fuyama
- grid.412167.70000 0004 0378 6088Data Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, 060-8648 Japan
| | - Harukazu Tohyama
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812 Japan
| | - Susumu Yoshida
- grid.412021.40000 0004 1769 5590Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, 061-0293 Japan
| | - Shinya Sakai
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812 Japan
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30
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Budak M, Bayraktaroglu Z, Hanoglu L. The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and aerobic exercise on cognition, balance and functional brain networks in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Cogn Neurodyn 2023; 17:39-61. [PMID: 36704634 PMCID: PMC9871139 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-022-09818-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of high-frequency repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and aerobic exercises (AE) in addition to the pharmacological therapy (PT) in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Twenty-seven patients with AD aged ≥ 60 years were included in the study and divided into 3 groups (rTMS, AE and control). All groups received PT. rTMS group (n = 10) received 20 Hz rTMS over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) bilaterally and AE group (n = 9) received the structured moderate-intensity AE for 5 consecutive days/week over 2 weeks. Control group (n = 8) only received PT. Cognition, balance, mobility, quality of life (QoL), and resting state functional brain activity were evaluated one week before and one week after the interventions. (ClinicalTrials.gov ID:NCT05102045). Significant improvements were found in executive functions, behavior, and QoL in the rTMS group, in balance and mobility in the AE group, and in the visual memory and behavior in the control group (p < 0.05). Significant differences were found in the behavior in favor of the rTMS group, and balance in favor of the AE group (p < 0.05). There was a significant increase in activation on middle temporal gyrus, intra calcarine, central opercular cortex, superior parietal lobule, and paracingulate cortex in Default Mode Network (DMN) in the rTMS group (p < 0.05). High-frequency rTMS over bilateral dlPFC may improve executive functions and behavior and lead to increased activation in DMN, structured moderate-intensity AE may improve balance and mobility, and PT may improve memory and behaviour compared to pretreatment in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miray Budak
- Functional Imaging and Cognitive-Affective Neuroscience Lab (fINCAN), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Ergotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zubeyir Bayraktaroglu
- Functional Imaging and Cognitive-Affective Neuroscience Lab (fINCAN), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Physiology, International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lutfu Hanoglu
- Functional Imaging and Cognitive-Affective Neuroscience Lab (fINCAN), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Yang Y, Qu L, Mu L, Yao J, Su C, Zheng Q, Zheng H, Zhang P, Li Y. Electroacupuncture for psychogenic erectile dysfunction: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study exploring the alteration of fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1116202. [PMID: 37063106 PMCID: PMC10098132 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1116202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psychogenic erectile dysfunction (PED) can seriously affect emotional and marital wellbeing. Electroacupuncture (EA) seems an effective method for treating PED. However, the central mechanisms underlying PED and the beneficial effects of EA treatment are unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the central mechanisms of PED and to examine the impact of EA on erectile function. Methods We recruited 14 PED patients and 14 matched normal controls (NCs). PED patients underwent twice rs-fMRI scans, respectively, pre- and post-treatment. The NCs only completed one rs-fMRI scan. We used the fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) to compare spontaneous neural activity between the PED patients and NCs, and to examine the differences between the pre- and post-EA treatment scans in the PED patients. Results Scores on the IIEF5, QEQ, and SEAR improved after EA treatment. Compared with the NCs, PED patients showed increased fALFF in the right posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), right supplementary motor area (SMA), and left middle occipital gyrus. Most of these regions are closely implicated in sexual inhibition. The results of the correlation analysis results indicated that the fALFF of the right PCC was negatively correlated with IIEF5 scores. After treatment, fALFF values were substantially lower in the left triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus, right DLPFC, right SMA, bilateral PCC and the orbital part of the middle frontal gyrus, and higher in the left middle temporal gyrus and left caudate nucleus. These regions mainly belong to the default mode network (DMN), executive control network and primary sensory motor network. The results of the correlation analysis indicated a positive association between the changes in IIEF5 score and changes in the fALFF value in the right PCC after EA treatment. Conclusion In conclusion, our study highlights that PED patients have abnormal patterns of activity in the right PCC, right DLPFC, and right SMA mainly involved in the DMN, executive central network, and sensory motor network which could lead to a higher levels of sexual inhibition. EA might regulate the process of sexual inhibition to improve erection function in PED patients probably by modulating spontaneous brain activity in the DMN, executive central network, and sensory motor network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Yang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liu Qu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linxuan Mu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junpeng Yao
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengguo Su
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianhua Zheng
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huabin Zheng
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Hospital of Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peihai Zhang
- Department of Urology/Andrology, The Hospital of Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Peihai Zhang,
| | - Ying Li
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Li,
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Chen Y, Lyu D, Wang F, Huang Q, Yang W, Zhang M, Wei Z, Shi S, Kong S, Chen S, He S, Yang V, Fang Y, Hong W. Efficacy of adjunctive intensive transcranial direct current stimulation of different cortices in treatment-resistant depression: a study protocol for a randomized double-blinded sham-controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:802. [PMID: 36536362 PMCID: PMC9762018 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04465-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) carries a high economic burden worldwide. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is advantageous for improving cognition and can be safely used in the treatment of depression. The effectiveness of tDCS of the left and right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) as adjuvant treatment in patients with TRD has rarely been explored. Therefore, the objective of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness there of when administering left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) positive stimulation or OFC negative stimulation in patients with TRD. METHODS Ninety eligible participants will be recruited to receive intervention at Shanghai Mental Health Center. Treatment will be randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion. Participants will receive either DLPFC (n = 30), OFC (n = 30), or sham (n = 30) tDCS, while continuing their usual pharmacotherapy at a stable dosage for at least 2 weeks before enrollment and throughout the stimulation period. All participants will receive 20 weekday stimulation sessions of 60 minutes duration each. Participants in the active group will be stimulated at 2 mA throughout the session, whereas the sham group will receive only a brief period of stimulation to mimic the sensation. After 20 stimulation sessions, no further treatment will be administered. Measurements will be conducted at regular points throughout and at 8 weeks after trial completion. The primary outcome is the change in the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) score after 20 sessions. Secondary outcomes were defined as changes in other measurement scales, cognitive function, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), and serum biomarkers. DISCUSSION We hypothesize that, in contrast to the sham group, both the active DLPFC and OFC tDCS groups will show superiority in HAMD-17 score reduction after 5, 10, and 20 sessions. Moreover, associations of the improvement of depressive symptoms with variations in rs-fMRI and TRD-related biomarkers will be evaluated. Our study may suggest that adjunctive intensive tDCS with left DLPFC positive stimulation or right OFC negative stimulation may be effective as a novel method to relieve depressive symptoms in patients with TRD. The variation of rs-fMRI, biomarkers could be used as a potential prediction model of treatment efficacy in TRD. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial protocol is registered with www.chictr.org.cn under protocol registration number ChiCTR2200058030. Date of registration: March 27, 2022. Recruitment started in September 2022 and is ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Chen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongbin Lyu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinte Huang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weichieh Yang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengke Zhang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheyi Wei
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuxiang Shi
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuqi Kong
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shentse Chen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang He
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Vivien Yang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiru Fang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China ,grid.415630.50000 0004 1782 6212Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China ,grid.507732.4CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wu Hong
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China.
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Rushmore RJ, Bouix S, Kubicki M, Rathi Y, Yeterian E, Makris N. HOA2.0-ComPaRe: A next generation Harvard-Oxford Atlas comparative parcellation reasoning method for human and macaque individual brain parcellation and atlases of the cerebral cortex. Front Neuroanat 2022; 16:1035420. [PMID: 36439195 PMCID: PMC9684647 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2022.1035420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparative structural neuroanatomy is a cornerstone for understanding human brain structure and function. A parcellation framework that relates systematically to fundamental principles of histological organization is an essential step in generating structural comparisons between species. In the present investigation, we developed a comparative parcellation reasoning system (ComPaRe), which is a formal ontological system in human and non-human primate brains based on the cortical cytoarchitectonic mapping used for both species as detailed by Brodmann. ComPaRe provides a theoretical foundation for mapping neural systems in humans and other species using neuroimaging. Based on this approach, we revised the methodology of the original Harvard-Oxford Atlas (HOA) system of brain parcellation to produce a comparative framework for the human (hHOA) and the rhesus monkey (mHOA) brains, which we refer to as HOA2.0-ComPaRe. In addition, we used dedicated segmentation software in the publicly available 3D Slicer platform to parcellate an individual human and rhesus monkey brain. This method produces quantitative morphometric parcellations in the individual brains. Based on these parcellations we created a representative template and 3D brain atlas for the two species, each based on a single subject. Thus, HOA2.0-ComPaRe provides a theoretical foundation for mapping neural systems in humans and other species using neuroimaging, while also representing a significant revision of the original human and macaque monkey HOA parcellation schemas. The methodology and atlases presented here can be used in basic and clinical neuroimaging for morphometric (volumetric) analysis, further generation of atlases, as well as localization of function and structural lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Jarrett Rushmore
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Morphometric Analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Software Engineering and Information Technology, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Morphometric Analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yogesh Rathi
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Morphometric Analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Edward Yeterian
- Center for Morphometric Analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychology, Colby College, Waterville, ME, United States
| | - Nikos Makris
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Morphometric Analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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Ljubisavljevic M, Basha J, Ismail FY. The effects of prefrontal vs. parietal cortex transcranial direct current stimulation on craving, inhibition, and measures of self-esteem. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:998875. [DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.998875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While prefrontal cortex dysfunction has been implicated in high food cravings, other cortical regions, like the parietal cortex, are potentially also involved in regulating craving. This study explored the effects of stimulating the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on food craving state and trait. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was administered at 1.5 mA for 5 consecutive days. Participants received 20 min of IPL, DLPFC, or sham stimulation (SHAM) each day which consisted of two rounds of 10-min stimulation, divided by a 10-min mindfulness task break. In addition, we studied inhibition and subjective psychological aspects like body image and self-esteem state and trait. To decompose immediate and cumulative effects, we measured the following on days 1 and 5: inhibition through the Go/No-go task; and food craving, self-esteem, and body appreciation through a battery of questionnaires. We found that false alarm errors decreased in the participants receiving active stimulation in the DLPFC (DLPFC-group). In contrast, false alarm errors increased in participants receiving active stimulation in the IPL (IPL-group). At the same time, no change was found in the participants receiving SHAM (SHAM-group). There was a trending reduction in craving trait in all groups. Momentary craving was decreased in the DLPFC-group and increased in IPL-group, yet a statistical difference was not reached. According to time and baseline, self-esteem and body perception improved in the IPL-group. Furthermore, self-esteem trait significantly improved over time in the DLPFC-group and IPL-group. These preliminary results indicate that tDCS modulates inhibition in frontoparietal areas with opposite effects, enhancing it in DLPFC and impairing it in IPL. Moreover, craving is moderately linked to inhibition, self-esteem, and body appreciation which seem not to be affected by neuromodulation but may rely instead on broader regions as more complex constructs. Finally, the fractionated protocol can effectively influence inhibition with milder effects on other constructs.
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Huang X, Izumi SI, Suzukamo Y. Neural and behavioral alterations of a real-time interpersonal distance (IPD) development process in differing social status interactions. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:969440. [PMCID: PMC9616044 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.969440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundEvidence showed neural changes in interpersonal distance (IPD) interaction, and neural activities are affected by relationships (such as friends or strangers). Behavior studies proved that social status strongly affects IPD between two persons. However, how the differing social status impacts neural alterations in the IPD interactions remains unknown.ObjectivesThe teacher-student relationship is a typical representation of the difference in social status. The present study aims to investigate the IPD performance and brain processes underlying real-time differing social status during the development process from teacher-student interactions.Materials and methodsWe designed three within-subject experiments corresponding to the inclusion, control, and affection stages of IPD. Altogether, 38 valid healthy participants participated in three experiments with a teacher (differing social status condition, DS condition) and a peer student (peer social status condition, PS condition) separately. This study employed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and modified real-time stop-distance paradigms to record IPD performance and neural processes.ResultsFor IPD performance, significantly larger IPD gaps were shown in the DS condition than in the PS condition, and IPD feedback affected IPD performance. For neural alterations, activated frontopolar area (FPA, BA10), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC, BA9/BA46), and Broca’s area (BA45) were observed across the IPD stages. Importantly, brain activation shifts with the development of IPD. In addition, results showed that differences in Oxy-Hb changes were located in the FPA (BA10), DLPFC (BA9/BA46), and Broca’s area (BA45) between the DS and PS conditions across IPD stages. Additionally, negative correlations were found between Oxy-Hb changes and IPD performance.ConclusionWe propose prefrontal cortex (PFC) and Broca’s area involvement in IPD interactions, initially focusing on evaluation and action periods, and later on IPD-evaluation processes after feedback. In addition, a difference in Oxy-Hb activities implies the complexity of relationships and social status in IPD interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Huang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Izumi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shin-Ichi Izumi,
| | - Yoshimi Suzukamo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Zemestani M, Hoseinpanahi O, Salehinejad MA, Nitsche MA. The impact of prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on theory of mind, emotion regulation and emotional-behavioral functions in children with autism disorder: A randomized, sham-controlled, and parallel-group study. Autism Res 2022; 15:1985-2003. [PMID: 36069668 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Advances in our knowledge about the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying core deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have produced several novel treatment modalities. One of these approaches is modulation of activity of the brain regions involved in ASD symptoms. This study examined the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on autism symptom severity, theory of mind, emotion regulation strategies, and emotional-behavioral functions in children with ASD. Thirty-two children (Mage = 10.16, SD = 1.93, range 7-12 years) diagnosed with ASD were randomly assigned to active (N = 17) or sham stimulation (N = 15) groups in a randomized, sham-controlled, parallel-group design. Participants underwent 10 sessions of active (1.5 mA, 15 min, bilateral left anodal/right cathodal DLPFC, 2 sessions per week) or sham tDCS. Autism symptom severity, theory of mind, emotion regulation strategies, and emotional-behavioral functioning of the patients were assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 1 month after the intervention. A significant improvement of autism symptom severity (i.e., communication), theory of mind (i.e., ToM 3), and emotion regulation strategies was observed for the active as compared to the sham stimulation group at the end of the intervention, and these effects were maintained at the one-month follow-up. The results suggest that repeated tDCS with anodal stimulation of left and cathodal stimulation of right DLPFC improves autism symptom severity as well as social cognition and emotion regulation in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Zemestani
- Department of Psychology, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Salehinejad
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
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van Lutterveld R, Varkevisser T, Kouwer K, van Rooij SJH, Kennis M, Hueting M, van Montfort S, van Dellen E, Geuze E. Spontaneous brain activity, graph metrics, and head motion related to prospective post-traumatic stress disorder trauma-focused therapy response. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:730745. [PMID: 36034114 PMCID: PMC9413840 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.730745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Trauma-focused psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is effective in about half of all patients. Investigating biological systems related to prospective treatment response is important to gain insight in mechanisms predisposing patients for successful intervention. We studied if spontaneous brain activity, brain network characteristics and head motion during the resting state are associated with future treatment success. Methods Functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from 46 veterans with PTSD around the start of treatment. Psychotherapy consisted of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (tf-CBT), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), or a combination thereof. After intervention, 24 patients were classified as treatment responders and 22 as treatment resistant. Differences between groups in spontaneous brain activity were evaluated using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), while global and regional brain network characteristics were assessed using a minimum spanning tree (MST) approach. In addition, in-scanner head motion was assessed. Results No differences in spontaneous brain activity and global network characteristics were observed between the responder and non-responder group. The right inferior parietal lobule, right putamen and left superior parietal lobule had a more central position in the network in the responder group compared to the non-responder group, while the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), right inferior frontal gyrus and left inferior temporal gyrus had a less central position. In addition, responders showed less head motion. Discussion These results show that areas involved in executive functioning, attentional and action processes, learning, and visual-object processing, are related to prospective PTSD treatment response in veterans. In addition, these findings suggest that involuntary micromovements may be related to future treatment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remko van Lutterveld
- Brain Research and Innovation Centre, Ministry of Defence, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Remko van Lutterveld,
| | - Tim Varkevisser
- Brain Research and Innovation Centre, Ministry of Defence, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Karlijn Kouwer
- Brain Research and Innovation Centre, Ministry of Defence, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sanne J. H. van Rooij
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Mitzy Kennis
- ARQ National Psychotrauma Centre, ARQ Centre of Expertise for the Impact of Disasters and Crises, Diemen, Netherlands
| | - Martine Hueting
- Brain Research and Innovation Centre, Ministry of Defence, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Simone van Montfort
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Edwin van Dellen
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Elbert Geuze
- Brain Research and Innovation Centre, Ministry of Defence, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Bruno A, Bludau S, Mohlberg H, Amunts K. Cytoarchitecture, intersubject variability, and 3D mapping of four new areas of the human anterior prefrontal cortex. Front Neuroanat 2022; 16:915877. [PMID: 36032993 PMCID: PMC9403835 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2022.915877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plays a key role in cognitive control and executive functions, including working memory, attention, value encoding, decision making, monitoring, and controlling behavioral strategies. However, the relationships between this variety of functions and the underlying cortical areas, which specifically contribute to these functions, are not yet well-understood. Existing microstructural maps differ in the number, localization, and extent of areas of the DLPFC. Moreover, there is a considerable intersubject variability both in the sulcal pattern and in the microstructure of this region, which impedes comparison with functional neuroimaging studies. The aim of this study was to provide microstructural, cytoarchitectonic maps of the human anterior DLPFC in 3D space. Therefore, we analyzed 10 human post-mortem brains and mapped their borders using a well-established approach based on statistical image analysis. Four new areas (i.e., SFS1, SFS2, MFG1, and MFG2) were identified in serial, cell-body stained brain sections that occupy the anterior superior frontal sulcus and middle frontal gyrus, i.e., a region corresponding to parts of Brodmann areas 9 and 46. Differences between areas in cytoarchitecture were captured using gray level index profiles, reflecting changes in the volume fraction of cell bodies from the surface of the brain to the cortex-white matter border. A hierarchical cluster analysis of these profiles indicated that areas of the anterior DLPFC displayed higher cytoarchitectonic similarity between each other than to areas of the neighboring frontal pole (areas Fp1 and Fp2), Broca's region (areas 44 and 45) of the ventral prefrontal cortex, and posterior DLPFC areas (8d1, 8d2, 8v1, and 8v2). Area-specific, cytoarchitectonic differences were found between the brains of males and females. The individual areas were 3D-reconstructed, and probability maps were created in the MNI Colin27 and ICBM152casym reference spaces to take the variability of areas in stereotaxic space into account. The new maps contribute to Julich-Brain and are publicly available as a resource for studying neuroimaging data, helping to clarify the functional and organizational principles of the human prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Bruno
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for Brain Research, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ariane Bruno
| | - Sebastian Bludau
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Hartmut Mohlberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Katrin Amunts
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for Brain Research, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Lei W, Liu K, Chen G, Tolomeo S, Liu C, Peng Z, Liu B, Liang X, Huang C, Xiang B, Zhou J, Zhao F, Yu R, Chen J. Blunted reward prediction error signals in internet gaming disorder. Psychol Med 2022; 52:2124-2133. [PMID: 33143778 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172000402x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is a type of behavioural addictions. One of the key features of addiction is the excessive exposure to addictive objectives (e.g. drugs) reduces the sensitivity of the brain reward system to daily rewards (e.g. money). This is thought to be mediated via the signals expressed as dopaminergic reward prediction error (RPE). Emerging evidence highlights blunted RPE signals in drug addictions. However, no study has examined whether IGD also involves alterations in RPE signals that are observed in other types of addictions. METHODS To fill this gap, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 45 IGD and 42 healthy controls (HCs) during a reward-related prediction-error task and utilised a psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis to characterise the underlying neural correlates of RPE and related functional connectivity. RESULTS Relative to HCs, IGD individuals showed impaired reinforcement learning, blunted RPE signals in multiple regions of the brain reward system, including the right caudate, left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Moreover, the PPI analysis revealed a pattern of hyperconnectivity between the right caudate, right putamen, bilateral DLPFC, and right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) in the IGD group. Finally, linear regression suggested that the connection between the right DLPFC and right dACC could significantly predict the variation of RPE signals in the left OFC. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight disrupted RPE signalling and hyperconnectivity between regions of the brain reward system in IGD. Reinforcement learning deficits may be crucial underlying characteristics of IGD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lei
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Kezhi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Guangxiang Chen
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
- Radiology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Serenella Tolomeo
- Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cuizhen Liu
- Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhenlei Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Boya Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chaohua Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- School of Humanities and Management Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fulin Zhao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rongjun Yu
- Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
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Shevorykin A, Carl E, Mahoney MC, Hanlon CA, Liskiewicz A, Rivard C, Alberico R, Belal A, Bensch L, Vantucci D, Thorner H, Marion M, Bickel WK, Sheffer CE. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Long-Term Smoking Cessation: Preliminary Examination of Delay Discounting as a Therapeutic Target and the Effects of Intensity and Duration. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:920383. [PMID: 35874156 PMCID: PMC9300313 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.920383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a novel treatment for smoking cessation and delay discounting rate is novel therapeutic target. Research to determine optimal therapeutic targets and dosing parameters for long-term smoking cessation is needed. Due to potential biases and confounds introduced by the COVID-19 pandemic, we report preliminary results from an ongoing study among participants who reached study end prior to the pandemic. Methods In a 3 × 2 randomized factorial design, participants (n = 23) received 900 pulses of 20 Hz rTMS to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) in one of three Durations (8, 12, or 16 days of stimulation) and two Intensities (1 or 2 sessions per day). We examined direction and magnitude of the effect sizes on latency to relapse, 6-month point-prevalence abstinence rates, research burden, and delay discounting rates. Results A large effect size was found for Duration and a medium for Intensity for latency to relapse. Increasing Duration increased the odds of abstinence 7–8-fold while increasing Intensity doubled the odds of abstinence. A large effect size was found for Duration, a small for Intensity for delay discounting rate. Increasing Duration and Intensity had a small effect on participant burden. Conclusion Findings provide preliminary support for delay discounting as a therapeutic target and for increasing Duration and Intensity to achieve larger effect sizes for long-term smoking cessation and will provide a pre-pandemic comparison for data collected during the pandemic. Clinical Trial Registration [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT03865472].
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Shevorykin
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ellen Carl
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Martin C Mahoney
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Colleen A Hanlon
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | | | - Cheryl Rivard
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ronald Alberico
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ahmed Belal
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Lindsey Bensch
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Darian Vantucci
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Hannah Thorner
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Matthew Marion
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Warren K Bickel
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, United States
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Van Hoornweder S, Meesen RLJ, Caulfield KA. Accurate tissue segmentation from including both T1-weighted and T2-weighted MRI scans significantly affect electric field simulations of prefrontal but not motor TMS. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:942-945. [PMID: 35779855 PMCID: PMC11016292 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sybren Van Hoornweder
- REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Raf L J Meesen
- REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kevin A Caulfield
- Brain Stimulation Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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Szabo E, Chang YC, Shulman J, Sieberg CB, Sethna NF, Borsook D, Holmes SA, Lebel AA. Alterations in the structure and function of the brain in adolescents with new daily persistent headache: A pilot
MRI
study. Headache 2022; 62:858-869. [DOI: 10.1111/head.14360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edina Szabo
- Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- Biobehavioral Pediatric Pain Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
| | | | - Julie Shulman
- Department of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Christine B. Sieberg
- Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- Biobehavioral Pediatric Pain Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Navil F. Sethna
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - David Borsook
- Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Anesthesiology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Scott A. Holmes
- Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- Pediatric Pain Pathway Lab, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Alyssa A. Lebel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA
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Caparelli EC, Schleyer B, Zhai T, Gu H, Abulseoud OA, Yang Y. High-Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined With Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reveals Distinct Activation Patterns Associated With Different Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Stimulation Sites. Neuromodulation 2022; 25:633-643. [PMID: 35418339 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been extensively used for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and certain neurologic disorders. Despite having promising treatment efficacy, the fundamental neural mechanisms of TMS remain understudied. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 15 healthy adult participants received simultaneous TMS and functional magnetic resonance imaging to map the modulatory effect of TMS when it was applied over three different sites in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Independent component analysis (ICA) was used to identify the networks affected by TMS when applied over the different sites. The standard general linear model (GLM) analysis was used for comparison. RESULTS ICA showed that TMS affected the stimulation sites as well as remote brain areas, some areas/networks common across all TMS sites, and other areas/networks specific to each TMS site. In particular, TMS site and laterality differences were observed at the left executive control network. In addition, laterality differences also were observed at the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and dorsolateral/dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. In contrast with the ICA findings, the GLM-based results mainly showed activation of auditory cortices regardless of the TMS sites. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the notion that TMS could act through a top-down mechanism, indirectly modulating deep subcortical nodes by directly stimulating cortical regions. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The Clinicaltrials.gov registration number for the study is NCT03394066.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth C Caparelli
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Brooke Schleyer
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tianye Zhai
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hong Gu
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Osama A Abulseoud
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Yihong Yang
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Ma ZZ, Wu JJ, Hua XY, Zheng MX, Xing XX, Ma J, Li SS, Shan CL, Xu JG. Brain Function and Upper Limb Deficit in Stroke With Motor Execution and Imagery: A Cross-Sectional Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:806406. [PMID: 35663563 PMCID: PMC9160973 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.806406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundMotor imagery training might be helpful in stroke rehabilitation. This study explored if a specific modulation of movement-related regions is related to motor imagery (MI) ability.MethodsTwenty-three patients with subcortical stroke and 21 age-matched controls were recruited. They were subjectively screened using the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ). They then underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing three repetitions of different motor tasks (motor execution and MI). Two separate runs were acquired [motor execution tasks (ME and rest) and motor imagery (MI and rest)] in a block design. For the different tasks, analyses of cerebral activation and the correlation of motor/imagery task-related activity and KVIQ scores were performed.ResultsDuring unaffected hand (UH) active grasp movement, we observed decreased activations in the contralateral precentral gyrus (PreCG), contralateral postcentral gyrus (PoCG) [p < 0.05, family wise error (FWE) corrected] and a positive correlation with the ability of FMA-UE (PreCG: r = 0.46, p = 0.028; PoCG: r = 0.44, p = 0.040). During active grasp of the affected hand (AH), decreased activation in the contralateral PoCG was observed (p < 0.05, FWE corrected). MI of the UH induced significant activations of the contralateral superior frontal gyrus, opercular region of the inferior frontal gyrus, and ipsilateral ACC and deactivation in the ipsilateral supplementary motor area (p < 0.05, AlphaSim correction). Ipsilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) activity negatively correlated with MI ability (r = =–0.49, p = 0.022). Moreover, we found significant activation of the contralesional middle frontal gyrus (MFG) during MI of the AH.ConclusionOur results proved the dominant effects of MI dysfunction that exist in stroke during the processing of motor execution. In the motor execution task, the enhancement of the contralateral PreCG and PoCG contributed to reversing the motor dysfunction, while in the MI task, inhibition of the contralateral ACC can increase the impaired KVIQ ability. The bimodal balance recovery model can explain our results well. Recognizing neural mechanisms is critical to helping us formulate precise strategies when intervening with electrical or magnetic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhen Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wu
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Yun Hua
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mou-Xiong Zheng
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Xin Xing
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Si Li
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Lei Shan
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Chun-Lei Shan,
| | - Jian-Guang Xu
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jian-Guang Xu,
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Elumalai P, Yadav Y, Williams N, Saucan E, Jost J, Samal A. Graph Ricci curvatures reveal atypical functional connectivity in autism spectrum disorder. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8295. [PMID: 35585156 PMCID: PMC9117309 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
While standard graph-theoretic measures have been widely used to characterize atypical resting-state functional connectivity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), geometry-inspired network measures have not been applied. In this study, we apply Forman–Ricci and Ollivier–Ricci curvatures to compare networks of ASD and typically developing individuals (N = 1112) from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange I (ABIDE-I) dataset. We find brain-wide and region-specific ASD-related differences for both Forman–Ricci and Ollivier–Ricci curvatures, with region-specific differences concentrated in Default Mode, Somatomotor and Ventral Attention networks for Forman–Ricci curvature. We use meta-analysis decoding to demonstrate that brain regions with curvature differences are associated to those cognitive domains known to be impaired in ASD. Further, we show that brain regions with curvature differences overlap with those brain regions whose non-invasive stimulation improves ASD-related symptoms. These results suggest the utility of graph Ricci curvatures in characterizing atypical connectivity of clinically relevant regions in ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasharth Yadav
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences (IMSc), Chennai, India.,Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, India
| | - Nitin Williams
- Department of Computer Science, Helsinki Institute of Information Technology, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland. .,Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Emil Saucan
- Department of Applied Mathematics, ORT Braude College, Karmiel, Israel
| | - Jürgen Jost
- Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA
| | - Areejit Samal
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences (IMSc), Chennai, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India.
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Jamieson AJ, Harrison BJ, Razi A, Davey CG. Rostral anterior cingulate network effective connectivity in depressed adolescents and associations with treatment response in a randomized controlled trial. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:1240-1248. [PMID: 34782701 PMCID: PMC9018815 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) is consistently implicated in the neurobiology of depression. While the functional connectivity of the rACC has been previously associated with treatment response, there is a paucity of work investigating the specific directional interactions underpinning these associations. We compared the fMRI resting-state effective connectivity of 94 young people with major depressive disorder and 91 healthy controls. Following the fMRI scan, patients were randomized to receive cognitive behavioral therapy for 12 weeks, plus either fluoxetine or a placebo. Using spectral dynamic causal modelling, we examined the effective connectivity of the rACC with eight other regions implicated in depression: the left and right anterior insular cortex (AIC), amygdalae, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC); and in the midline, the subgenual (sgACC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Parametric empirical Bayes was used to compare baseline differences between controls and patients and responders and non-responders to treatment. Depressed patients demonstrated greater inhibitory connectivity from the rACC to the dlPFC, AIC, dACC and left amygdala. Moreover, treatment responders illustrated greater inhibitory connectivity from the rACC to dACC, greater excitatory connectivity from the dACC to sgACC and reduced inhibitory connectivity from the sgACC to amygdalae at baseline. The inhibitory hyperconnectivity of the rACC in depressed patients aligns with hypotheses concerning the dominance of the default mode network over other intrinsic brain networks. Surprisingly, treatment responders did not demonstrate connectivity which was more similar to healthy controls, but rather distinct alterations that may have predicated their enhanced treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec J. Jamieson
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XMelbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC Australia
| | - Ben J. Harrison
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XMelbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC Australia
| | - Adeel Razi
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health & Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC Australia ,grid.450002.30000 0004 0611 8165Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK ,grid.440050.50000 0004 0408 2525CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars Program, CIFAR, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Christopher G. Davey
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia
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Kalhan S, McFadyen J, Tsuchiya N, Garrido MI. Neural and computational processes of accelerated perceptual awareness and decisions: A 7T fMRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:3873-3886. [PMID: 35470490 PMCID: PMC9294306 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapidly detecting salient information in our environments is critical for survival. Visual processing in subcortical areas like the pulvinar and amygdala has been shown to facilitate unconscious processing of salient stimuli. It is unknown, however, if and how these areas might interact with cortical regions to facilitate faster conscious perception of salient stimuli. Here we investigated these neural processes using 7T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in concert with computational modelling while participants (n = 33) engaged in a breaking continuous flash suppression paradigm (bCFS) in which fearful and neutral faces are initially suppressed from conscious perception but then eventually ‘breakthrough’ into awareness. Participants reported faster breakthrough times for fearful faces compared with neutral faces. Drift‐diffusion modelling suggested that perceptual evidence was accumulated at a faster rate for fearful faces compared with neutral faces. For both neutral and fearful faces, faster response times were associated with greater activity in the amygdala (specifically within its subregions, including superficial, basolateral and amygdalo‐striatal transition area) and the insula. Faster rates of evidence accumulation coincided with greater activity in frontoparietal regions and occipital lobe, as well as the amygdala. A lower decision‐boundary correlated with activity in the insula and the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), but not with the amygdala. Overall, our findings suggest that hastened perceptual awareness of salient stimuli recruits the amygdala and, more specifically, is driven by accelerated evidence accumulation in fronto‐parietal and visual areas. In sum, we have mapped distinct neural computations that accelerate perceptual awareness of visually suppressed faces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Kalhan
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Australia.,Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jessica McFadyen
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Naotsugu Tsuchiya
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Advanced Telecommunications Research Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Marta I Garrido
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Australia.,Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Subregions of DLPFC Display Graded yet Distinct Structural and Functional Connectivity. J Neurosci 2022; 42:3241-3252. [PMID: 35232759 PMCID: PMC8994544 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1216-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC; approximately corresponding to Brodmann areas 9 and 46) has demonstrable roles in diverse executive functions such as working memory, cognitive flexibility, planning, inhibition, and abstract reasoning. However, it remains unclear whether this is the result of one functionally homogeneous region or whether there are functional subdivisions within the DLPFC. Here, we divided the DLPFC into seven areas along rostral-caudal and dorsal-ventral axes anatomically and explored their respective patterns of structural and functional connectivity. In vivo probabilistic tractography (11 females and 13 males) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI; 57 females and 21 males) were employed to map out the patterns of connectivity from each DLPFC subregion. Structural connectivity demonstrated graded intraregional connectivity within the DLPFC. The patterns of structural connectivity between the DLPFC subregions and other cortical areas revealed that the dorsal-rostral subregions connections were restricted to other frontal and limbic areas, whereas the ventral-caudal region was widely connected to frontal, parietal, and limbic cortex. Functional connectivity analyses demonstrated that subregions of DLPFC were strongly interconnected to each other. The dorsal subregions were associated with the default mode network (DMN), while middle dorsal-rostral subregions were linked with the multiple demand network (MDN). The ventral-caudal subregion showed increased functional coupling with both DMN and MDN. Our results suggest that the connectivity of the DLPFC may be subdivided along a dorsorostral-ventrocaudal axis with differing (albeit graded) patterns of connectivity reflecting the integrative executive function of the DLPFC.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Research has shown that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plays a role in various executive functions. By dividing the DLPFC into seven areas along rostral-caudal and dorsal-ventral axes anatomically, we explored their patterns of structural and functional connectivity. The patterns of connectivity within DLPFC subregions demonstrated graded intraregional connectivity. There were distinctive patterns of connectivity with other cortical areas in dorsal-rostral and ventral-caudal DLPFC subregions. Divisions across DLPFC subregions seem to align with their structural and functional connectivity. Our results suggest that DLPFC may be subdivided by the diagonal axis of the dorsal-ventral axis and rostral-caudal axis, supporting the framework of a functional organization along the anterior-posterior axis in the lateral PFC.
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Making a saccade enhances Stroop and Simon conflict control. Atten Percept Psychophys 2022; 84:795-814. [PMID: 35304699 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-022-02458-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive control is an important ability instantiated in many situations such as conflict control (e.g., Stroop/Simon task) and the control of eye movements (e.g., saccades). However, it is unclear whether eye movement control shares a common cognitive control system with the conflict control. In Experiment 1, we asked participants to make a prosaccade or antisaccade and then to identify the color of a lateralized color word (i.e., a Stroop-Simon stimulus). The stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between the saccadic cue and the Stroop-Simon stimulus was manipulated to be either short (200 ms) or long (600 ms). Results showed that the Stroop effect at the response level and the (negative) Simon effect were smaller when the SOA was short than long, demonstrating a decline of response control over time after making a saccade. Moreover, this temporal change of the Simon effect was more pronounced in the antisaccade session than in the prosaccade session. Furthermore, individuals who had better performance in the antisaccade task performed better in the response control of Stroop interference. When the saccade task was removed in Experiment 2, the temporal declines of the response control observed in Experiment 1 were absent. Experiment 3 replicated the key results of Experiment 1 by replacing the Stroop-Simon task with a typical Simon task and separately testing the typical Stroop and Simon tasks. Overall, our findings suggest that a common system is shared between the control of eye movements and the conflict control at the response level.
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Teferi M, Makhoul W, Deng ZD, Oathes DJ, Sheline Y, Balderston NL. Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation to the Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex may increase Potentiated Startle in healthy individuals. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2022. [PMID: 37519467 PMCID: PMC10382694 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Convergent neuroimaging and neuromodulation studies implicate the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) as a key region involved in anxiety-cognition interactions. However, neuroimaging data are correlational, and neuromodulation studies often lack appropriate methodological controls. Accordingly, this work was designed to explore the role of right prefrontal cognitive control mechanisms in the expression/regulation of anxiety using continuous theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (cTBS) and threat of unpredictable shock. Based on prior neuromodulation studies, we hypothesized that the right dlPFC contributed to anxiety expression, and that cTBS should downregulate this expression. Methods We measured potentiated startle and performance on the Sternberg working memory paradigm in 28 healthy participants before and after 4 sessions (600 pulses/session) of active or sham cTBS. Stimulation was individualized to the right dlPFC site of maximal working memory-related activity and optimized using electric-field modeling. Results Compared with sham cTBS, active cTBS, which is thought to induce long-term depression-like synaptic changes, increased startle during threat of shock, but the effect was similar for predictable and unpredictable threat. As a measure of target (dis)engagement, we also showed that active but not sham cTBS decreased accuracy on the Sternberg task. Conclusions Counter to our initial hypothesis, cTBS to the right dlPFC made individuals more anxious, rather than less anxious. Although preliminary, these results are unlikely to be due to transient effects of the stimulation, because anxiety was measured 24 hours after cTBS. In addition, these results are unlikely to be due to off-target effects, because target disengagement was evident from the Sternberg performance data.
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