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Theruveethi N. Impact of light-emitting diodes on visual cortex layer 5 pyramidal neurons (V1-L5PNs)-A rodent study. Mol Vis 2024; 30:67-73. [PMID: 38586606 PMCID: PMC10994679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Light-induced neural retinal insult leads to alterations in the visual cortex neurons. We examined light-induced neuronal alterations in the visual cortex layer 5 pyramidal neurons (V1-L5PNs) of adult male Wistar rats. Methods A total of 24 rats were divided into the following groups (n=6 each): control (NC), blue (BL), white (WL), and yellow (YL). The exposure groups were subjected to light-emitting diodes (LED) exposure (450-500 lx) of differing wavelengths for 90 days (12:12 16 light-dark cycle). After LED exposure, the animals were sacrificed, and the brain tissues were removed and impregnated in freshly prepared Golgi-Cox stain for 21 days. Sholl's grading analysis was used to quantify the apical and basal dendritic branching points and intersections of the V1-L5PNs. Results There was a significant difference in the number of apical branching points among all groups (p<0.001), with a particularly notable difference between the BL and WL groups (p<0.001). A post hoc test revealed that all exposure groups (BL, WL, and YL) had fewer apical branching points (p<0.001) on an average of 3.6 µm and a significant reduction in the dendritic intersections (p<0.001) compared to the number of branching points extending from layer Va (V1) neurons. Conclusions Chronic and cumulative exposure to blue and white LEDs led to the pruning of V1-L5PNs, which might impair visual processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Theruveethi
- Department of Optometry, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India;
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Zheng Y, Jia X, Li S, Xiao X, Zhang Q, Wang P. Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions against COVID-19 Causing a Lower Trend in Age of LHON Onset. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1253. [PMID: 37372433 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a monogenic but multifactorial disease vulnerable to environmental triggers. Little is known about how LHON onset changed during the COVID-19 pandemic and how non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPHIs) against COVID-19 impact LHON onset. One hundred and forty-seven LHON patients with the m.11778G>A mutation complaining of vision loss were involved between January 2017 and July 2022. The onset time points, age of onset, and possible risk factors were evaluated. Analyses were conducted among 96 LHON patients in the Pre-COVID-19 group and 51 in the COVID-19 group. The median (IQR) age of onset decreased significantly from 16.65 (13.739, 23.02) in pre-COVID-19 to 14.17 (8.87, 20.29) during COVID-19. Compared with the Pre-COVID-19 group, the COVID-19 group exhibited bimodal distribution with an additional peak at six; the first quarter of 2020 also witnessed a relatively denser onset, with no subsequent second spike. NPHIs against COVID-19 significantly changed patients' lifestyles, including higher secondhand smoke exposure (p < 0.001), adherence to masks (p < 0.001), reduction in time spent outdoors for leisure (p = 0.001), and prolonged screen time (p = 0.007). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that secondhand smoke exposure and mask-wearing were independent risk factors of younger LHON onset. Lower age of onset of LHON appeared after the breakout of the COVID-19 pandemic, and novel risk factors were detected, including secondhand exposure and long mask-wearing. Carriers of LHON mtDNA mutations, especially teenagers or children, should be advised to avoid secondhand smoke exposure and there are possible adverse outcomes of longer mask-wearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiaoyun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Shiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xueshan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Qingjiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Panfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Gene Diagnostic Laboratory, Genetic Eye Clinic, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Petanjek Z, Banovac I, Sedmak D, Hladnik A. Dendritic Spines: Synaptogenesis and Synaptic Pruning for the Developmental Organization of Brain Circuits. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 34:143-221. [PMID: 37962796 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-36159-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic overproduction and elimination is a regular developmental event in the mammalian brain. In the cerebral cortex, synaptic overproduction is almost exclusively correlated with glutamatergic synapses located on dendritic spines. Therefore, analysis of changes in spine density on different parts of the dendritic tree in identified classes of principal neurons could provide insight into developmental reorganization of specific microcircuits.The activity-dependent stabilization and selective elimination of the initially overproduced synapses is a major mechanism for generating diversity of neural connections beyond their genetic determination. The largest number of overproduced synapses was found in the monkey and human cerebral cortex. The highest (exceeding adult values by two- to threefold) and most protracted overproduction (up to third decade of life) was described for associative layer IIIC pyramidal neurons in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.Therefore, the highest proportion and extraordinarily extended phase of synaptic spine overproduction is a hallmark of neural circuitry in human higher-order associative areas. This indicates that microcircuits processing the most complex human cognitive functions have the highest level of developmental plasticity. This finding is the backbone for understanding the effect of environmental impact on the development of the most complex, human-specific cognitive and emotional capacities, and on the late onset of human-specific neuropsychiatric disorders, such as autism and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdravko Petanjek
- Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
- Center of Excellence for Basic, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ivan Banovac
- Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Center of Excellence for Basic, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dora Sedmak
- Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Center of Excellence for Basic, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Hladnik
- Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Center of Excellence for Basic, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Theruveethi N, Bui BV, Joshi MB, Valiathan M, Ganeshrao SB, Gopalakrishnan S, Kabekkodu SP, Bhat SS, Surendran S. Blue Light-Induced Retinal Neuronal Injury and Amelioration by Commercially Available Blue Light-Blocking Lenses. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020243. [PMID: 35207530 PMCID: PMC8877890 DOI: 10.3390/life12020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Blue light exposure-induced retinal damage has been extensively studied. Although many in vitro studies have shown the benefits of blue light-blocking lenses (BBL) there have been few comprehensive in vivo studies to assess the effects of BBL. We investigated the influence of blue light exposure using light-emitting diodes on retinal histology and visual cortex neurons in rodents. We also considered whether retinal and cortical changes induced by blue light could be ameliorated with blue light-blocking lenses. A total of n = 24 (n = 6 in each group; control, light exposure without lenses, two different BBLs)) male Wistar rats were subjected to blue light exposure (LEDs, 450–500 lux) without or with BBLs (400–490 nm) for 28 days on a 12:12 h light–dark cycle. Histological analysis of retinae revealed apoptosis and necrosis of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), photoreceptors, and inner retina in the light exposure (LE) group, along with increase caspase-3 immunostaining in the ganglion cell layer (p < 0.001). BBL groups showed less caspase-3 immunostaining compared with the LE group (p < 0.001). V1-L5PNs (primary visual cortex layer 5 pyramidal neurons) demonstrated reduced branching and intersections points for apical (p < 0.001) and basal (p < 0.05) dendrites following blue light exposure. Blue light-blocking lenses significantly improved the number of basal branching points compared with the LE group. Our study shows that prolonged exposure to high levels of blue light pose a significant hazard to the visual system resulting in damage to the retina with the associated remodeling of visual cortex neurons. BBL may offer moderate protection against exposure to high levels of blue light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Theruveethi
- Department of Optometry, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; (N.T.); (S.B.G.)
| | - Bang Viet Bui
- Department of Optometry & Vision Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Manjunath B. Joshi
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; (M.B.J.); (S.P.K.)
| | - Manna Valiathan
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; (M.V.); (S.G.); (S.S.B.)
| | - Shonraj Ballae Ganeshrao
- Department of Optometry, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; (N.T.); (S.B.G.)
| | - Sivakumar Gopalakrishnan
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; (M.V.); (S.G.); (S.S.B.)
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; (M.B.J.); (S.P.K.)
| | - Shailaja S. Bhat
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; (M.V.); (S.G.); (S.S.B.)
| | - Sudarshan Surendran
- Department of Anatomy, Manipal Campus, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
- Correspondence:
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Schiapparelli LM, Sharma P, He HY, Li J, Shah SH, McClatchy DB, Ma Y, Liu HH, Goldberg JL, Yates JR, Cline HT. Proteomic screen reveals diverse protein transport between connected neurons in the visual system. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110287. [PMID: 35081342 PMCID: PMC8906846 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular transfer of toxic proteins between neurons is thought to contribute to neurodegenerative disease, but whether direct interneuronal protein transfer occurs in the healthy brain is not clear. To assess the prevalence and identity of transferred proteins and the cellular specificity of transfer, we biotinylated retinal ganglion cell proteins in vivo and examined biotinylated proteins transported through the rodent visual circuit using microscopy, biochemistry, and mass spectrometry. Electron microscopy demonstrated preferential transfer of biotinylated proteins from retinogeniculate inputs to excitatory lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) neurons compared with GABAergic neurons. An unbiased mass spectrometry-based screen identified 200 transneuronally transported proteins (TNTPs) isolated from the visual cortex. The majority of TNTPs are present in neuronal exosomes, and virally expressed TNTPs, including tau and β-synuclein, were detected in isolated exosomes and postsynaptic neurons. Our data demonstrate transfer of diverse endogenous proteins between neurons in the healthy intact brain and suggest that TNTP transport may be mediated by exosomes. Schiapparelli et al. show that diverse endogenous proteins are transported anterogradely across synapses in the rat visual system. About 200 transneuronally transported proteins (TNTPs) were identified by MS/MS, and selected TNTPs, including β-synuclein and tau, were validated using biochemical and histological methods. TNTP transport may be mediated by exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio M Schiapparelli
- Neuroscience Department and Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Pranav Sharma
- Neuroscience Department and Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Xosomix, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Hai-Yan He
- Neuroscience Department and Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jianli Li
- Neuroscience Department and Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sahil H Shah
- Neuroscience Department and Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program and Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Byers Eye Institute and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA
| | - Daniel B McClatchy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yuanhui Ma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Han-Hsuan Liu
- Neuroscience Department and Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Goldberg
- Byers Eye Institute and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hollis T Cline
- Neuroscience Department and Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Innocenti GM. Defining neuroplasticity. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 184:3-18. [PMID: 35034744 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819410-2.00001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuroplasticity, i.e., the modifiability of the brain, is different in development and adulthood. The first includes changes in: (i) neurogenesis and control of neuron number; (ii) neuronal migration; (iii) differentiation of the somato-dendritic and axonal phenotypes; (iv) formation of connections; (v) cytoarchitectonic differentiation. These changes are often interrelated and can lead to: (vi) system-wide modifications of brain structure as well as to (vii) acquisition of specific functions such as ocular dominance or language. Myelination appears to be plastic both in development and adulthood, at least, in rodents. Adult neuroplasticity is limited, and is mainly expressed as changes in the strength of excitatory and inhibitory synapses while the attempts to regenerate connections have met with limited success. The outcomes of neuroplasticity are not necessarily adaptive, but can also be the cause of neurological and psychiatric pathologies.
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Fong MF, Duffy KR, Leet MP, Candler CT, Bear MF. Correction of amblyopia in cats and mice after the critical period. eLife 2021; 10:70023. [PMID: 34464258 PMCID: PMC8456712 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocular deprivation early in development causes amblyopia, a severe visual impairment. Prognosis is poor if therapy is initiated after an early critical period. However, clinical observations have shown that recovery from amblyopia can occur later in life when the non-deprived (fellow) eye is removed. The traditional interpretation of this finding is that vision is improved simply by the elimination of interocular suppression in primary visual cortex, revealing responses to previously subthreshold input. However, an alternative explanation is that silencing activity in the fellow eye establishes conditions in visual cortex that enable the weak connections from the amblyopic eye to gain strength, in which case the recovery would persist even if vision is restored in the fellow eye. Consistent with this idea, we show here in cats and mice that temporary inactivation of the fellow eye is sufficient to promote a full and enduring recovery from amblyopia at ages when conventional treatments fail. Thus, connections serving the amblyopic eye are capable of substantial plasticity beyond the critical period, and this potential is unleashed by reversibly silencing the fellow eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fai Fong
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Kevin R Duffy
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Madison P Leet
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Christian T Candler
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Mark F Bear
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
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Liu J, Zheng L, Fang T, Li R, Ma X, Sun Y, Wang L, Tian H, Jiang D, Zhuo C. Exploration of the cortical pathophysiology underlying visual disturbances in schizophrenia comorbid with depressive disorder-An evidence from mouse model. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e02113. [PMID: 33729680 PMCID: PMC8119859 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with schizophrenia frequently present with visual disturbances including hallucination, and this symptom is particularly prevalent in individuals with comorbid depressive disorders. Currently, little is known about the neurobiological mechanisms of such psychiatric symptoms, and few explanations for the co-occurrence of schizophrenia, depression, and visual disturbances are available. METHODS In this study, we generated a mouse schizophrenia model in which depressive symptoms were also induced. We adopted in vivo two-photon calcium imaging and ex vivo electrophysiological recording of the primary visual cortex to reveal the synaptic transmission and neural activity in the mouse schizophrenia model. RESULTS In vivo two-photon calcium imaging and ex vivo electrophysiological recording of the primary visual cortex revealed impaired synaptic transmission and abnormal neural activity in the schizophrenia model, but not in the depression model. These functional deficits were most prominent in the combined schizophrenia and depression model. CONCLUSION Overall, our data support a mechanism by which the visual cortex plays a role in visual disturbances in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Laboratory of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetic and Cor-morbidity (PNGC_Lab), Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Centre of Tianjin, Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lidan Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Seventh Peoples Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Real-Time Tracing of Brain Circuits of Neurology and Psychiatry (RTBNB_Lab), Tianjin Fourth Centre Hospital, Tianjin Medical University Affiliated Tianjin Fourth Centre Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Fourth Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ranli Li
- Laboratory of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetic and Cor-morbidity (PNGC_Lab), Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Centre of Tianjin, Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Laboratory of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetic and Cor-morbidity (PNGC_Lab), Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Centre of Tianjin, Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Laboratory of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetic and Cor-morbidity (PNGC_Lab), Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Centre of Tianjin, Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Laboratory of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetic and Cor-morbidity (PNGC_Lab), Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Centre of Tianjin, Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongjun Tian
- Key Laboratory of Real-Time Tracing of Brain Circuits of Neurology and Psychiatry (RTBNB_Lab), Tianjin Fourth Centre Hospital, Tianjin Medical University Affiliated Tianjin Fourth Centre Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Fourth Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Deguo Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Seventh Peoples Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chuanjun Zhuo
- Laboratory of Psychiatric-Neuroimaging-Genetic and Cor-morbidity (PNGC_Lab), Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Centre of Tianjin, Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Seventh Peoples Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Real-Time Tracing of Brain Circuits of Neurology and Psychiatry (RTBNB_Lab), Tianjin Fourth Centre Hospital, Tianjin Medical University Affiliated Tianjin Fourth Centre Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Fourth Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Zhan Z, Wu Y, Liu Z, Quan Y, Li D, Huang Y, Yang S, Wu K, Huang L, Yu M. Reduced Dendritic Spines in the Visual Cortex Contralateral to the Optic Nerve Crush Eye in Adult Mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:55. [PMID: 32866269 PMCID: PMC7463183 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.10.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine alteration of dendritic spines and associated changes in the primary visual cortex (V1 region) related to unilateral optic nerve crush (ONC) in adult mice. Methods Adult unilateral ONC mice were established. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Visual function was estimated by flash visual evoked potentials (FVEPs). Dendritic spines were observed in the V1 region contralateral to the ONC eye by two-photon imaging in vivo. The neurons, reactive astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and activated microglia were assessed by NeuN, glial fibrillary acidic protein, CNPase, and CD68 in immunohistochemistry, respectively. Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and the markers in TrkB trafficking were estimated using western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation. Transmission electron microscopy and western blotting were used to evaluate autophagy. Results The amplitude and latency of FVEPs were decreased and delayed at 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after ONC, and RNFL thickness was decreased at 2 and 4 weeks after ONC. Dendritic spines were reduced in the V1 region contralateral to the ONC eye at 2, 3, and 4 weeks after ONC, with an unchanged number of neurons. Reactive astrocyte staining was increased at 2 and 4 weeks after ONC, but oligodendrocyte and activated microglia staining remained unchanged. TrkB was reduced with changes in the major trafficking proteins, and enhanced autophagy was observed in the V1 region contralateral to the ONC eye. Conclusions Dendritic spines were reduced in the V1 region contralateral to the ONC eye in adult mice. Reactive astrocytes and decreased TrkB may be associated with the reduced dendritic spines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyi Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yali Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zitian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yadan Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Deling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiru Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shana Yang
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaili Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lianyan Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minbin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Groleau M, Nazari-Ahangarkolaee M, Vanni MP, Higgins JL, Vézina Bédard AS, Sabel BA, Mohajerani MH, Vaucher E. Mesoscopic cortical network reorganization during recovery of optic nerve injury in GCaMP6s mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21472. [PMID: 33293617 PMCID: PMC7723052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78491-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As the residual vision following a traumatic optic nerve injury can spontaneously recover over time, we explored the spontaneous plasticity of cortical networks during the early post-optic nerve crush (ONC) phase. Using in vivo wide-field calcium imaging on awake Thy1-GCaMP6s mice, we characterized resting state and evoked cortical activity before, during, and 31 days after ONC. The recovery of monocular visual acuity and depth perception was evaluated in parallel. Cortical responses to an LED flash decreased in the contralateral hemisphere in the primary visual cortex and in the secondary visual areas following the ONC, but was partially rescued between 3 and 5 days post-ONC, remaining stable thereafter. The connectivity between visual and non-visual regions was disorganized after the crush, as shown by a decorrelation, but correlated activity was restored 31 days after the injury. The number of surviving retinal ganglion cells dramatically dropped and remained low. At the behavioral level, the ONC resulted in visual acuity loss on the injured side and an increase in visual acuity with the non-injured eye. In conclusion, our results show a reorganization of connectivity between visual and associative cortical areas after an ONC, which is indicative of spontaneous cortical plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Groleau
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie de la Cognition Visuelle, École d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1P1, Canada
| | - Mojtaba Nazari-Ahangarkolaee
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience (CCBN), University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Matthieu P Vanni
- Laboratoire de Neurophotonique, École d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1P1, Canada
| | - Jacqueline L Higgins
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie de la Cognition Visuelle, École d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1P1, Canada
| | - Anne-Sophie Vézina Bédard
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie de la Cognition Visuelle, École d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1P1, Canada
| | - Bernhard A Sabel
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Otto-V.-Guericke University of Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Majid H Mohajerani
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience (CCBN), University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada.
| | - Elvire Vaucher
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie de la Cognition Visuelle, École d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1P1, Canada.
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Luke MPS, Brown RE, Clarke DB. Polysialylated - neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) promotes recovery of vision after the critical period. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 107:103527. [PMID: 32634575 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vision loss has long since been considered irreversible after a critical period; however, there is potential to restore limited vision, even in adulthood. This phenomenon is particularly pronounced following complete loss of vision in the dominant eye. Adult neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) knockout mice have an age-related impairment of visual acuity. The underlying cause of early deterioration in visual function remains unknown. Polysialylated (PSA) NCAM is involved in different forms of neural plasticity in the adult brain, raising the possibility that NCAM plays a role in the plasticity of the visual cortex, and therefore, in visual ability. Here, we examined whether PSA-NCAM is required for visual cortical plasticity in adult C57Bl/6J mice following deafferentation and long-term monocular deprivation. Our results show that elevated PSA in the contralateral visual cortex of the reopened eye is accompanied by changes in other markers of neural plasticity: increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and degradation of perineuronal nets (PNNs). The removal of PSA-NCAM in the visual cortex of these mice reduced BDNF expression, decreased PNN degradation, and resulted in impaired recovery of visual acuity after optic nerve transection and chronic monocular deprivation. Collectively, our results demonstrate that PSA-NCAM is necessary for the reactivation of visual cortical plasticity and recovery of visual function in adult mice. It also offers a potential molecular target for the therapeutic treatment of cortically based visual impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Po-Shan Luke
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Life Science Research Institute, 1348 Summer Street, Halifax B3H 4R2, NS, Canada.
| | - Richard E Brown
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Life Science Centre, 1355 Oxford Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax B3H 4R2, NS, Canada.
| | - David B Clarke
- Departments of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Medical Neuroscience, and Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Life Science Research Institute, 1348 Summer Street, Halifax B3H 4R2, NS, Canada.
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Zhang Z, Liu W, Huang Y, Luo L, Cai X, Liu Y, Ai L, Yan J, Lin S, Ye J. NLRP3 Deficiency Attenuates Secondary Degeneration of Visual Cortical Neurons Following Optic Nerve Injury. Neurosci Bull 2019; 36:277-288. [PMID: 31768783 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00445-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In the visual pathway, optic nerve (ON) injury may cause secondary degeneration of neurons in distal regions, such as the visual cortex. However, the role of the neuroinflammatory response in regulating secondary impairment in the visual cortex after ON injury remains unclear. The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is an important regulator of neuroinflammation. In this study, we established a mouse model of unilateral ON crush (ONC) and showed that the expression of NLRP3 was significantly increased in the primary visual cortex (V1) as a response to ONC and that the NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in the contralateral V1 1 days-14 days after ONC. Ablation of the NLRP3 gene significantly decreased the trans-neuronal degeneration within 14 days. Visual electrophysiological function was improved in NLRP3-/- mice. Taken together, these findings suggest that NLRP3 is a potential therapeutic target for protecting visual cortical neurons against degeneration after ON injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wenyi Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yubin Huang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Linlin Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yunjia Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Liqianyu Ai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department 1, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of the PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Sen Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Jian Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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