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Webb SR, Durst GL, Pernich D, Hall JC. Interaction of cyclohexanediones with acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase and an artificial target-site antibody mimic: a comparative molecular field analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2000; 48:2506-2511. [PMID: 10888577 DOI: 10.1021/jf990568v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Similarities and differences between steric and electrostatic potentials of a monoclonal-antibody-based surrogate of a herbicide target-site and its in vitro enzyme target were investigated using three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship comparative molecular field analysis (3D-QSAR CoMFA). Two separate, five-component, partial least squares CoMFA models were developed to compare the interaction of cyclohexanedione herbicides with their target site, acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase (ACCase; EC 6.4.1.2) and a cyclohexanedione pharmacophore-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb A). On the basis of CoMFA models, similarities in steric and electrostatic requirements around position 2 of the binding site for the oxime functional group of the cyclohexanedione molecule appear to be crucial for interaction of the herbicide with both ACCase and mAb A. These similarities explain the observed quantitative relationship between binding of cyclohexandedione herbicides to ACCase mAb A. Furthermore, these results support the production and use of mAb-based surrogates of pesticide targets as screening tools in pesticide discovery programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Webb
- Dow AgroSciences Canada Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Webb SR, Hall JC. Monoclonal-based ELISA for the identification of herbicidal cyclohexanedione analogues that inhibit graminaceous acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2000; 48:1210-1218. [PMID: 10775374 DOI: 10.1021/jf9905471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cyclohexanediones are one of four known structural classes of herbicides that inhibit graminaceous acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase (ACCase; EC 6.4.1.2). Five monoclonal antibodies were raised against cyclohexanediones conjugated to bovine serum albumin. Cross-reactivity studies using a homologous competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ciELISA) against 24 cyclohexanedione analogues revealed that two monoclonal antibodies (mAb A and mAb B) could segregate the analogues into active and inactive ACCase inhibitors on the basis of the analogue concentration required to inhibit 50% of antibody binding to the coating conjugate (IC(50)). Both mAb A and mAb B were also found to cross-react with various members of the indolizidinedione structural class of ACCase inhibitors in ciELISA, suggesting that both cyclohexanediones and indolizidinediones possess features recognized by monoclonal antibodies important for the inhibition of ACCase activity. In conclusion, pharmacophore-specific antibodies may be potentially valuable screening tools for the identification of new lead chemistries in a pesticide discovery program.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Webb
- Dow AgroSciences Canada Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Webb SR, Hall JC. Development and evaluation of an immunological approach for the identification of novel acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase inhibitors: assay optimization and pilot screen results. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2000; 48:1219-1228. [PMID: 10775375 DOI: 10.1021/jf990548t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cyclohexanediones, aryloxyphenoxypropionates, indolizidinediones, and triazinediones are four known structural classes of herbicides that inhibit acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase (ACCase; EC 6.4.1.2). An immunological study to determine the potential of ACCase inhibitor-specific monoclonal antibodies as screening tools to identify novel lead chemistry was undertaken. Using two cyclohexanedione-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb A and mAb B; Webb, S. R.; Hall, J. C. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2000, 48, 1210-1218) and three different cyclohexanedione hapten coating conjugates, competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ciELISA) were developed. Cross-reactivity of the monoclonal antibodies with four structural classes of ACCase inhibitors revealed that the ciELISA using mAb A and a modified cyclohexanedione hapten coating conjugate detected analogues from all four known classes of ACCase inhibitors. A pilot screen using this ciELISA format identified two novel ACCase inhibitors, demonstrating the potential for antibodies as rapid and cost-effective screening tools for identifying novel lead chemistry in pesticide discovery programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Webb
- Dow AgroSciences Canada Inc., 241-111 Research Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Dinsmore AJ, Rees-Blanchard W, Bentley P, Lewis T, Kahl SD, McPherson PS, Mullinnix MJ, Campbell KP, Windass JD, Earley FGP. Characterisation of antibody models of the ryanodine receptor for use in high-throughput screening†. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9063(199812)54:4<345::aid-ps825>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kauvar LM, Villar HO, Sportsman JR, Higgins DL, Schmidt DE. Protein affinity map of chemical space. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1998; 715:93-102. [PMID: 9792501 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(98)00045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Affinity fingerprinting is a quantitative method for mapping chemical space based on binding preferences of compounds for a reference panel of proteins. An effective reference panel of <20 proteins can be empirically selected which shows differential interaction with nearly all compounds. By using this map to iteratively sample the chemical space, identification of active ligands from a library of 30,000 candidate compounds has been accomplished for a wide spectrum of specific protein targets. In each case, <200 compounds were directly assayed against the target. Further, analysis of the fingerprint database suggests a strategy for effective selection of affinity chromatography ligands and scaffolds for combinatorial chemistry. With such a system, the large numbers of potential therapeutic targets emerging from genome research can be categorized according to ligand binding properties, complementing sequence based classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Kauvar
- Terrapin Technologies, Inc., San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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Wang T, Wan BS, Makela SK, Ellis G. Interference in triiodothyronine (T3) analysis on the Immuno 1 Analyzer. Clin Biochem 1995; 28:55-62. [PMID: 7720228 DOI: 10.1016/0009-9120(94)00064-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the interference in Triiodothyronine (T3) analysis on the Immuno 1 Analyzer. METHODS We analyzed 686 samples for T3 using the Miles Technicon Immuno 1 Analyzer. We compared the results of 318 samples with those given by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and the remaining 368 results with those given by the Ciba-Corning ACS 180 analyzer. RESULTS On the Immuno 1 correlated with those by RIA or chemiluminescence immunoassay. However, results on eight patients by the Immuno 1 method were anomalously elevated. We attempted to find and eliminate the cause of the interference on the Immuno 1. Although the method uses an alkaline phosphatase labelled T3 analog and fluoresceinated monoclonal antibody, serum binding of fluorescein or alkaline phosphatase did not appear to be the major causes of the interference. Ethanol extraction of samples followed by reconstitution in zero calibrator was the only reliable way to eliminate the interference. CONCLUSION The Immuno 1 assay was more prone to interference than other methods. Until it is reformulated, we recommend that users assay ethanol extracts of samples with unexpectedly high T3.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Budkowska A, Bedossa P, Groh F, Louise A, Pillot J. Fibronectin of human liver sinusoids binds hepatitis B virus: identification by an anti-idiotypic antibody bearing the internal image of the pre-S2 domain. J Virol 1995; 69:840-8. [PMID: 7815551 PMCID: PMC188650 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.69.2.840-848.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-Ids) have been successfully used to characterize and isolate receptors of several cell ligands. To prepare an immunological probe for identification of cellular components interacting with the hepatitis B virus (HBV), polyclonal antisera against a panel of five HBV-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced in syngeneic BALB/c mice. MAbs to HBV used for immunization (Ab1) recognized biologically important and potentially neutralizing epitopes, located in the pre-S1, pre-S2, or S region-encoded domains of HBV proteins. All the anti-Ids (Ab2) were specific to idiotopes of the homologous Ab1 and inhibited their interaction with the corresponding viral epitopes, suggesting that they recognized unique determinants on the paratope of each immunizing Ab1. Therefore, all five generated polyclonal anti-Ids were of the Ab2 beta type and could represent internal images of viral epitopes. Ab2 raised against the pre-S2 region-specific MAb F124 bound to the extracellular matrix fibronectin of human liver sinusoids. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the attachment of viral and recombinant (S, M) hepatitis B surface antigen particles with the pre-S2 region-encoded epitopes to the fibronectin of human liver sinusoids. In contrast, recombinant (S, L*) hepatitis B surface antigen particles, in which the epitope recognized by F124 MAb was not expressed, did not show any binding capacity. These findings suggest that human liver fibronectin may bind HBV in vivo by the pre-S2 region-encoded epitopes in a species-restricted manner. Furthermore, binding of the circulating virus to liver sinusoids could facilitate its subsequent uptake by hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Budkowska
- Microbial Immunology Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
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Lucas GP, Cambiaso CL, Vaerman JP. Characterization of an anti-idiotypic MoAb bearing an internal image of the receptor-binding epitope of cholera toxin. Clin Exp Immunol 1992; 89:378-83. [PMID: 1381299 PMCID: PMC1554461 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1992.tb06966.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A mouse anti-cholera toxin (CT) MoAb, mAb1, specific for the GM1-binding epitope of CT, was used to raise a syngenic anti-idiotypic MoAb, mAb2. Purified mAb2 was specific for mAb1 as shown by latex particle counting immunoassay and ELISA. Several experiments of competition between mAb2 and CT for binding to mAb1 demonstrated that mAb2 bore an internal image of the GM1-binding epitope of CT. Binding of mAb2 to GM1 unambiguously corroborated the mAb1-paratopic specificity of mAb2. Furthermore, mAb2 acted as a CT-surrogate antigen: rabbits injected with mAb2 produced some anti-CT antibodies, Ab3, which resembled mAb1 in specificity as expected. The potential use of this mAb2 as vaccine or as prophylactic agent to prevent CT from binding to its cellular receptor is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Lucas
- Catholic University of Louvain, International Institute of Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Brussels, Belgium
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Bolger MB, Sherman MA. Computer modeling of combining site structure of anti-hapten monoclonal antibodies. Methods Enzymol 1991; 203:21-45. [PMID: 1762557 DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(91)03004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Polonelli L, Conti S, Gerloni M, Magliani W, Chezzi C, Morace G. Interfaces of the yeast killer phenomenon. Crit Rev Microbiol 1991; 18:47-87. [PMID: 1854433 DOI: 10.3109/10408419109113509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A new prophylactic and therapeutic antimicrobial strategy based on a specific physiological target that is effectively used by killer yeasts in their natural ecological competition is theorized. The natural system exploited is the yeast killer phenomenon previously adopted as an epidemiological marker for intraspecific differentiation of opportunistic yeasts, hyphomycetes, and bacteria. Pathogenic microorganisms (Candida albicans) may be susceptible to the activity of yeast killer toxins due to the presence of specific cell wall receptors. On the basis of the idiotypic network, we report that antiidiotypic antibodies, produced against a monoclonal antibody bearing the receptor-like idiotype, are in vivo protecting animals immunized through idiotypic vaccination and in vitro mimicking the antimicrobial activity of yeast killer toxins, thus acting as antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Polonelli
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Parma, Italy
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Couraud JY, Maillet S, Conrath M, Calvino B, Pradelles P. Use of anti-idiotypic antibodies as probes for in vitro and in vivo identification of substance P receptor. MOLECULAR AND CHEMICAL NEUROPATHOLOGY 1990; 12:71-82. [PMID: 1703763 DOI: 10.1007/bf03160058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to develop immunological tools for studying the receptor of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-Id abs) were produced by immunization with anti-SP antibodies whose specificity was close to that of the SP receptor. Immunological studies revealed structural similarity between some anti-Id abs and SP itself. As a consequence, these anti-Id abs were able to bind to mammalian SP receptors. These antibodies were used in immunocytochemistry to label SP receptors both in the rat spinal cord and in rat and guinea pig peripheral tissues (parotid gland and trachea, respectively). Like SP, anti-Id abs were able to trigger protein secretion by isolated rat parotid gland cells. Finally, it was shown that anti-Id abs in vivo modulated reactivity to chemical stimuli. These antibodies therefore appear to be promising tools for further biochemical, cytochemical, and pharmacological characterization of SP receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Couraud
- Département de Biologie, CEN Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
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