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Wei W, Xie P, Wang X. Interval training suppresses nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome activation to improve cardiac function in myocardial infarction rats by hindering the activation of the transforming growth factor-β1 pathway. J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 19:283. [PMID: 38730417 PMCID: PMC11088074 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02756-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myocardial infarction (MI) -induced cardiac dysfunction can be attenuated by aerobic exercises. This study explored the mechanism of interval training (IT) regulating cardiac function in MI rats, providing some theoretical basis for clarifying MI pathogenesis and new ideas for clinically treating MI. METHODS Rats were subjected to MI modeling, IT intervention, and treatments of the Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) pathway or the nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) activators. Cardiac function and hemodynamic indicator alterations were observed. Myocardial pathological damage and fibrosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, MDA content, inflammasome-associated protein levels, and inflammatory factor levels were assessed. The binding between TGF-β1 and receptor was detected. RESULTS MI rats exhibited decreased left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricle fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), positive and negative derivates max/min (dP/dt max/min) and increased left ventricular end-systolic pressure (LVEDP), a large number of scar areas in myocardium, disordered cell arrangement and extensive fibrotic lesions, increased TGF-β1 and receptor binding, elevated ROS level and MDA content and weakened SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities, and up-regulated NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and cleaved-caspase-1 levels, while IT intervention caused ameliorated cardiac function. IT inactivated the TGF-β1 pathway to decrease oxidative stress in myocardial tissues of MI rats and inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Activating NLRP3 partially reversed IT-mediated improvement on cardiac function in MI rats. CONCLUSION IT diminished oxidative stress in myocardial tissues and suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation via inactivating the TGF-β1 pathway, thus improving the cardiac function of MI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Cardiovascular medicine, Zhangye Second People's Hospital, North Section of West 3rd Ring Road, Binhe New District, Ganzhou District, Zhangye, 734000, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Cardiovascular medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Cardiovascular medicine, Zhangye Second People's Hospital, North Section of West 3rd Ring Road, Binhe New District, Ganzhou District, Zhangye, 734000, China.
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Elahifar A, Rafati A, Alemzadeh-Ansari MJ, Pasebani Y, Naghshtabrizi B, Mohammadi Y, Hosseini SK. The Comparison of the Initial TIMI Flow Grade in Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Receiving Ticagrelor vs. Clopidogrel before Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Prospective Cohort Study. Cardiol Res Pract 2024; 2024:6632656. [PMID: 38348469 PMCID: PMC10861275 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6632656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the best treatment for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Evidence is in favor of ticagrelor over clopidegrel in STEMI patients regarding the reduction of stent thrombosis risk during and after PCI. We compared initial thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow in STEMI patients on ticagrelor vs. clopidogrel. Methods This prospective cohort recruited 160 patients with acute STEMI, referred to the emergency department of Farshchian Heart Center, during March 2018-2019. Before angiography, the patients received clopidogrel (600 mg) or ticagrelor (180 mg) on top of aspirin. Initial TIMI flow was compared between the two groups as the primary outcome. A logistic regression was performed to calculate the predictors of initial TIMI flow. Analyses were performed using R, version 4.2.1. Results In ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups, the mean ± standard deviation age of the patients was 59.46 ± 13.11 and 61.34 ± 11.08 years (p value = 0.33), respectively. In the ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups, initial TIMI flow grades were as follows: 0 : 50% and 71.2%, I: 26.2% and 16.2%, II: 12.5% and 10%, and III: 12.9% and 2.5%, respectively (p value = 0.005). Final TIMI flow grades were as follows: I: 26.2% and 16.2%, II: 7.5% and 13.8%, and III: 66.3% and 70%, respectively (p value = 0.41). Ticagrelor was associated with significantly higher initial TIMI flow grade compared to the clopidogrel group (adjusted odds ratio: 2.90 (95% CI: 1.51-5.72)). Conclusion In STEMI patients who were candidates for primary PCI, ticagrelor administration led to a better initial TIMI flow grade compared to clopidogrel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Elahifar
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Medical School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Rafati
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Medical School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Alemzadeh-Ansari
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Medical School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Pasebani
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Medical School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Younes Mohammadi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Saati-Zarei A, Damirchi A, Tousi SMTR, Babaei P. Myocardial angiogenesis induced by concurrent vitamin D supplementation and aerobic-resistance training is mediated by inhibiting miRNA-15a, and miRNA-146a and upregulating VEGF/PI3K/eNOS signaling pathway. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:541-555. [PMID: 36689014 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02788-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of co-treatment of aerobic-resistance training (ART), vitamin D3 (VD3) on cardiovascular function considering the involvement of microRNA-15a and microRNA-146a, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. To induce MI, male Wistar rats subcutaneously received isoproterenol for 2 days, then MI was confirmed by echocardiography. MI rats were divided into six groups (n = 8/group). MI + VD3, MI + sesame oil (Veh), MI + ART, MI + VD3 + ART, and MI + Veh + ART, and received the related treatments for 8 weeks. Exercise tests, echocardiography, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and histological staining were performed after the end of treatments. The highest ejection fraction (EF%), fractional shortening (FS%), exercise capacity (EC), and maximal load test (MLT) amounts were observed in the groups treated with VD3, ART, and VD3 + ART (P < 0.05). These were accompanied by a significantly increased angiogenesis post-MI. Furthermore, the levels of circulating microRNA-15a and microRNA-146a were significantly decreased in these groups compared to MI rats that were together with a significant upregulation of cardiac VEGF, PI3K, and eNOS expression. Overall, the best results were observed in the group treated with VD3 + ART. Concurrent VD3 supplementation and ART attenuated microRNA-15a and microRNA-146a and induced angiogenesis via VEGF/PI3K/eNOS axis. This data demonstrate that concurrent VD3 supplementation and ART is a more efficient strategy than monotherapy to improve cardiac function post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Saati-Zarei
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arsalan Damirchi
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghi Razavi Tousi
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Parvin Babaei
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. .,Cellular & Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht , Iran. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Peres Valgas Da Silva C, Shettigar VK, Baer LA, Abay E, Pinckard KM, Vinales J, Sturgill SL, Vidal P, Ziolo MT, Stanford KI. Exercise training after myocardial infarction increases survival but does not prevent adverse left ventricle remodeling and dysfunction in high-fat diet fed mice. Life Sci 2022; 311:121181. [PMID: 36372212 PMCID: PMC9712172 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Aerobic exercise is an important component of rehabilitation after cardiovascular injuries including myocardial infarction (MI). In human studies, the beneficial effects of exercise after an MI are blunted in patients who are obese or glucose intolerant. Here, we investigated the effects of exercise on MI-induced cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in mice chronically fed a high-fat diet (HFD). MAIN METHODS C57Bl/6 male mice were fed either a standard (Chow; 21% kcal/fat) or HFD (60% kcal/fat) for 36 weeks. After 24 weeks of diet, the HFD mice were randomly subjected to an MI (MI) or a sham surgery (Sham). Following the MI or sham surgery, a subset of mice were subjected to treadmill exercise. KEY FINDINGS HFD resulted in obesity and glucose intolerance, and this was not altered by exercise or MI. MI resulted in decreased ejection fraction, increased left ventricle mass, increased end systolic and diastolic diameters, increased cardiac fibrosis, and increased expression of genes involved in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in the MI-Sed and MI-Exe mice. Exercise prevented HFD-induced cardiac fibrosis in Sham mice (Sham-Exe) but not in MI-Exe mice. Exercise did, however, reduce post-MI mortality. SIGNIFICANCE These data indicate that exercise significantly increased survival after MI in a model of diet-induced obesity independent of effects on cardiac function. These data have important translational ramifications because they demonstrate that environmental interventions, including diet, need to be carefully evaluated and taken into consideration to support the effects of exercise in the cardiac rehabilitation of patients who are obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmem Peres Valgas Da Silva
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Vikram K Shettigar
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Lisa A Baer
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Eaman Abay
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Kelsey M Pinckard
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Jorge Vinales
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Sarah L Sturgill
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Pablo Vidal
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Mark T Ziolo
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Kristin I Stanford
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America.
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Cruz PL, Moraes-Silva IC, Ribeiro AA, Machi JF, de Melo MDT, Dos Santos F, da Silva MB, Strunz CMC, Caldini EG, Irigoyen MC. Nicotinamide attenuates streptozotocin-induced diabetes complications and increases survival rate in rats: role of autonomic nervous system. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:133. [PMID: 34182970 PMCID: PMC8240217 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00795-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the effect of nicotinamide prior to streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetes in baroreflex sensitivity and cardiovascular autonomic modulation, and its association with hemodynamics and metabolic parameters. METHODS Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into control (Cont) and STZ-induced diabetes (Diab). Half of the rats from each group received a single dose of nicotinamide (100 mg/Kg) before STZ injection (Cont+NicA and Diab+NicA). All groups were followed-up for 5 weeks. RESULTS Body weight loss of more than 40% was observed in Diab throughout the period (Diab: 271.00 ± 12.74 g; Diab+NicA: 344.62 ± 17.82). Increased glycemia was seen in Diab rats (541.28 ± 18.68 mg/dl) while Diab+NicA group had a slight decrease (440.87 ± 20.96 mg/dl). However, insulin resistance was observed only in Diab. In relation to Cont, heart rate, mean blood pressure and diastolic function were reduced when compared to Diab, together with parasympathetic modulation and baroreflex sensitivity. All of these parameters were improved in Diab+NicA when compared to Diab. Improved baroreflex sensitivity and parasympathetic modulation were correlated with glycemia, insulin resistance, and body weight mass. Additionally, Diab+NicA group increased survival rate. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that the association of nicotinamide in STZ-induced diabetic rats prevents most of the expected derangements mainly by preserving parasympathetic and baroreflex parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula L Cruz
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Ivana C Moraes-Silva
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Amanda A Ribeiro
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline F Machi
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dantas Tavares de Melo
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Dos Santos
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Maikon Barbosa da Silva
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Celia Maria Cassaro Strunz
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Elia Garcia Caldini
- Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria-Claudia Irigoyen
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil.
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6
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Ruberti OM, Rodrigues B. Estrogen Deprivation and Myocardial Infarction: Role of Aerobic Exercise Training, Inflammation and Metabolomics. Curr Cardiol Rev 2021; 16:292-305. [PMID: 31362678 PMCID: PMC7903506 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x15666190729153026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In general, postmenopausal women present higher mortality, and worse prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI) compared to men, due to estrogen deficiency. After MI, cardiovascular alterations occur such as the autonomic imbalance and the pro-inflammatory cytokines increase. In this sense, therapies that aim to minimize deleterious effects caused by myocardial ischemia are important. Aerobic training has been proposed as a promising intervention in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, some studies have attempted to identify potential biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases or specifically for MI. For this purpose, metabolomics has been used as a tool in the discovery of cardiovascular biomarkers. Therefore, the objective of this work is to discuss the changes involved in ovariectomy, myocardial infarction, and aerobic training, with emphasis on inflammation and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olívia M Ruberti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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de Freitas JS, Neves CA, Del Carlo RJ, Belfort FG, Lavorato VN, Silame-Gomes LHL, Ramos RMS, Cunha DQND, Okano BS, Pereira VG, de Oliveira EM, Carneiro-Júnior MA, Natali AJ. Effects of exercise training and stem cell therapy on the left ventricle of infarcted rats. Rev Port Cardiol 2019; 38:649-656. [PMID: 31812373 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Stem cell therapy and aerobic exercise are non-pharmacological therapies following myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to test whether aerobic exercise training enhances the benefits of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy on remodeling of the extracellular matrix and fetal gene expression in the left ventricle of infarcted rats. METHODS Myocardial infarction was surgically induced in six-week old male Wistar rats. Animals were divided into four groups: sedentary control (SC) and sedentary and stem cell treated (SCMSC); exercised (EX) and exercised and stem cell treated (EXMSC). Bone marrow-derived MSCs were immediately transplanted via the tail vein (concentration: 1×106 cells). Exercise training (five days/week, 60 min/day; 60% of maximal running speed) started 24 hours after myocardial infarction and lasted for 12 weeks. RESULTS Exercise capacity was higher in exercised than in sedentary groups. Animals in the SCMSC, EX and EXMSC groups exhibited better cardiac function than those in SC. Collagen content was lower in the SCMSC, EX and EXMSC groups than in SC and skeletal α-actin expression was lower in EX and EXMSC than in SC. The α/β-MHC ratio was higher in EX and EXMSC than in SC. The combination of therapies further reduced collagen content in the remote region of the infarct (∼24%) and skeletal α-actin expression (∼30%). CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise training appears to enhance the beneficial effects of stem cell therapy on remodeling of the extracellular matrix and fetal gene expression in the left ventricle of rats with moderate infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S de Freitas
- General Biology Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil; Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Clóvis A Neves
- General Biology Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Ricardo J Del Carlo
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe G Belfort
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Victor N Lavorato
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Luis H L Silame-Gomes
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Regiane M S Ramos
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Daise Q N da Cunha
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Bárbara S Okano
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Vanessa G Pereira
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Edilamar M de Oliveira
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio J Natali
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Capcha JMC, Rodrigues CE, Moreira RDS, Silveira MD, Dourado P, Dos Santos F, Irigoyen MC, Jensen L, Garnica MR, Noronha IL, Andrade L, Gomes SA. Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate sepsis-induced organ injury partially via cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway activation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 318:R135-R147. [PMID: 31596111 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00098.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis induces organ dysfunction due to overexpression of the inflammatory host response, resulting in cardiopulmonary and autonomic dysfunction, thus increasing the associated morbidity and mortality. Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) express genes and secrete factors with anti-inflammatory properties, neurological and immunological protection, as well as improve survival in experimental sepsis. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) is mediated by α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs), which play an important role in the control of systemic inflammation. We hypothesized that WJ-MSCs attenuate sepsis-induced organ injury in the presence of an activated CAP pathway. To confirm our hypothesis, we evaluated the effects of WJ-MSCs as a treatment for cardiopulmonary injury and on neuroimmunomodulation. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (sham-operated); cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) alone; CLP+WJ-MSCs (1 × 106 cells, at 6 h post-CLP); and CLP+methyllycaconitine (MLA)+WJ-MSCs (5 mg/kg body wt, at 5.5 h post-CLP, and 1 × 106 cells, at 6 h post-CLP, respectively). All experiments, including the assessment of echocardiographic parameters and heart rate variability, were performed 24 h after CLP. WJ-MSC treatment attenuated diastolic dysfunction and restored baroreflex sensitivity. WJ-MSCs also increased cardiac sympathetic and cardiovagal activity. WJ-MSCs reduced leukocyte infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines, effects that were abolished by administration of a selective α7nAChR antagonist (MLA). In addition, WJ-MSC treatment also diminished apoptosis in the lungs and spleen. In cardiac and splenic tissue, WJ-MSCs downregulated α7nAChR expression, as well as reduced the phospho-STAT3-to-total STAT3 ratio in the spleen. WJ-MSCs appear to protect against sepsis-induced organ injury by reducing systemic inflammation, at least in part, via a mechanism that is dependent on an activated CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Cóndor Capcha
- Laboratory of Genetics, Cellular Biology, and Molecular Biology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Basic Research, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto de Souza Moreira
- Laboratory of Basic Research, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.,Federal University of Goiás at Catalão, Catalão, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Dourado
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Dos Santos
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Jensen
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Margoth Ramos Garnica
- Laboratory of Genetics, Cellular Biology, and Molecular Biology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irene L Noronha
- Laboratory of Genetics, Cellular Biology, and Molecular Biology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Andrade
- Laboratory of Basic Research, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samirah Abreu Gomes
- Laboratory of Genetics, Cellular Biology, and Molecular Biology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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de Freitas JS, Neves CA, Del Carlo RJ, Belfort FG, Lavorato VN, Silame-Gomes LH, Ramos RM, Cunha DQD, Okano BS, Pereira VG, de Oliveira EM, Carneiro-Júnior MA, Natali AJ. Effects of exercise training and stem cell therapy on the left ventricle of infarcted rats. REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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10
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Nazari A, Zahabi K, Azizi Y, Moghimian M. EFFECTS OF EXERCISE COMBINED WITH APELIN-13 ON CARDIAC FUNCTION IN THE ISOLATED RAT HEART. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-869220182404175002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Exercise and apelin have been shown to increase cardiac function and elicit tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injuries. This study aimed at determining whether the combination of exercise training and apelin pretreatment could integrate the protective effects of each of them in the heart against IR injury. Male rats were divided into four experimental groups: 1: Rats with ischemia/reperfusion (IR), 2: subjected to exercise training for 8 weeks (EX+IR), 3: apelin-13 (10 nmol/kg/day) for 7 days (Apel+IR) in the last week of training, and 4: exercise training plus apelin-13 (EX+Apel+IR). Isolated hearts were perfused using the Langendorff method and subjected to 30 min of regional ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Treadmill exercise training was conducted for 8 weeks. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded throughout the experiment. Ischemia-induced arrhythmias, myocardial infarct size (IS), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) isoenzyme and plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was measured in all animals. Administration of apelin-13 plus exercise increased left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) at the end of ischemia and reperfusion compared with other groups. After 30 min of ischemia, dP/dtmax was higher in EX+Apel+IR than in Apel+IR and EX+IR groups. During 30 min ischemia, exercise training, apelin-13 and combined treatment produced a significant reduction in the numbers of premature ventricular complexes. A combination of exercise and apelin-13 also reduced infarct size, CK-MB, LDH and severity of arrhythmia. These results suggest that combined therapies with apelin-13 and exercise training may integrate the beneficial effects of each of them alone on cardiac contractility, arrhythmia and limiting of infarct size. Level of evidence I; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the Results of Treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Nazari
- Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Lorestan University of Medical, Iran
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11
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Feriani DJ, Coelho-Júnior HJ, de Oliveira JCMF, Delbin MA, Mostarda CT, Dourado PMM, Caperuto ÉC, Irigoyen MCC, Rodrigues B. Pyridostigmine Improves the Effects of Resistance Exercise Training after Myocardial Infarction in Rats. Front Physiol 2018; 9:53. [PMID: 29483876 PMCID: PMC5816065 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Exercise training and pharmacological treatments are important strategies to minimize the deleterious effects of MI. However, little is known about the effects of resistance training combined with pyridostigmine bromide (PYR) treatment on cardiac and autonomic function, as well as on the inflammatory profile after MI. Thus, in the present study, male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into: control (Cont); sedentary infarcted (Inf); PYR – treated sedentary infarcted rats (Inf+P); infarcted rats undergoing resistance exercise training (Inf+RT); and infarcted rats undergoing PYR treatment plus resistance training (Inf+RT+P). After 12 weeks of resistance training (15–20 climbs per session, with a 1-min rest between each climb, at a low to moderate intensity, 5 days a week) and/or PYR treatment (0.14 mg/mL of drink water), hemodynamic function, autonomic modulation, and cytokine expressions were evaluated. We observed that 3 months of PYR treatment, either alone or in combination with exercise, can improve the deleterious effects of MI on left ventricle dimensions and function, baroreflex sensitivity, and autonomic parameters, as well as systemic and tissue inflammatory profile. Furthermore, additional benefits in a maximal load test and anti-inflammatory state of skeletal muscle were found when resistance training was combined with PYR treatment. Thus, our findings suggest that the combination of resistance training and PYR may be a good therapeutic strategy since they promote additional benefits on skeletal muscle anti-inflammatory profile after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele J Feriani
- Human Movement Laboratory, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria A Delbin
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Cristiano T Mostarda
- Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Paulo M M Dourado
- Heart Institute (InCor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Érico C Caperuto
- Human Movement Laboratory, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria C C Irigoyen
- Heart Institute (InCor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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12
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Hentschke VS, Capalonga L, Rossato DD, Perini JL, Alves JP, Quagliotto E, Stefani GP, Karsten M, Pontes M, Dal Lago P. Functional capacity in a rat model of heart failure: impact of myocardial infarct size. Exp Physiol 2017; 102:1448-1458. [DOI: 10.1113/ep086076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vítor Scotta Hentschke
- Laboratório de Fisiologia; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Lucas Capalonga
- Laboratório de Fisiologia; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Douglas Dalcin Rossato
- Laboratório de Fisiologia; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Centro Universitário Franciscano (UNIFRA); Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Júlia Luíza Perini
- Laboratório de Fisiologia; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Jadson Pereira Alves
- Laboratório de Fisiologia; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Edson Quagliotto
- Laboratório de Fisiologia; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Potrick Stefani
- Laboratório de Fisiologia; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Marlus Karsten
- Departamento de Fisioterapia; Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC); Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Mauro Pontes
- Departamento de Farmacociências; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Pedro Dal Lago
- Laboratório de Fisiologia; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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13
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Bezerra OC, França CM, Rocha JA, Neves GA, Souza PRM, Teixeira Gomes M, Malfitano C, Loleiro TCA, Dourado PM, Llesuy S, de Angelis K, Irigoyen MCC, Ulloa L, Consolim-Colombo FM. Cholinergic Stimulation Improves Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Experimental Myocardial Infarction. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13687. [PMID: 29057895 PMCID: PMC5651932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that cholinergic stimulation with pyridostigmine (PY) induces anti-inflammatory cell recruitment soon after myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of PY during the proliferative phase of cardiac repair by analyzing the infiltration of macrophages, Treg lymphocytes, oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. Wistar rats underwent control sham surgery or ligation of the left coronary artery and were randomly allocated to remain untreated (untreated infarcted group, I) or to receive PY (30 mg·kg(−1)·day(−1)) in the supplied water (infarcted treated group, I + PY). Blood pressure and heart rate variability were registered at day 5 post-MI. The animals were euthanized 7 days after thoracotomy, when the hearts were removed and processed for immunohistochemistry (CD68, CD206, FOXP3), cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) and oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, lipidic and protein peroxidation). PY treatment increased parasympathetic modulation, M2 macrophages and the anti-oxidant enzyme activity but reduced protein oxidation (carbonyls) and the concentration of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10. Cholinergic stimulation induces parasympathetic neuro-immune modulation and anti-inflammatory cell enrollment as well as prevents oxidative stress and cytokine production after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristiane Miranda França
- Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97229, USA.
| | - Juraci Aparecida Rocha
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (INCOR) School of medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gizele A Neves
- Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Christiane Malfitano
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (INCOR) School of medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiane C Alba Loleiro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Magno Dourado
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (INCOR) School of medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Susana Llesuy
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Facultad de Farmácia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Maria Claudia C Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (INCOR) School of medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Ulloa
- Center of Immunology and Inflammation, Rutgerts - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
| | - Fernanda M Consolim-Colombo
- Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (INCOR) School of medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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14
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Akolkar G, da Silva Dias D, Ayyappan P, Bagchi AK, Jassal DS, Salemi VMC, Irigoyen MC, De Angelis K, Singal PK. Vitamin C mitigates oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H795-H809. [PMID: 28710069 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00253.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Increase in oxidative/nitrosative stress is one of the mechanisms associated with the development of cardiotoxicity due to doxorubicin (Dox), a potent chemotherapy drug. Previously, we reported mitigation of Dox-induced oxidative/nitrosative stress and apoptosis by vitamin C (Vit C) in isolated cardiomyocytes. In the present in vivo study in rats, we investigated the effect of prophylactic treatment with Vit C on Dox-induced apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative/nitrosative stress, cardiac dysfunction, and Vit C transporter proteins. Dox (cumulative dose: 15 mg/kg) in rats reduced systolic and diastolic cardiac function and caused structural damage. These changes were associated with a myocardial increase in reactive oxygen species, reduction in antioxidant enzyme activities, increased expression of apoptotic proteins, and inflammation. Dox also caused an increase in the expression of proapoptotic proteins Bax, Bnip-3, Bak, and caspase-3. An increase in oxidative/nitrosative stress attributable to Dox was indicated by an increase in superoxide, protein carbonyl formation, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide (NO), NO synthase (NOS) activity, protein nitrosylation, and inducible NOS protein expression. Dox increased the levels of cardiac proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, whereas the expression of Vit C transporter proteins (sodium-ascorbate cotransporter 2 and glucose transporter 4) was reduced. Prophylactic and concurrent treatment with Vit C prevented all these changes and improved survival in the Vit C + Dox group. Vit C also improved Dox-mediated systolic and diastolic dysfunctions and structural damage. These results suggest a cardioprotective role of Vit C in Dox-induced cardiomyopathy by reducing oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, as well as improving Vit C transporter proteins.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This in vivo study provides novel data that vitamin C improves cardiac structure and function in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by reducing oxidative/nitrosative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation along with upregulation of cardiac vitamin C transporter proteins. The latter may have a crucial role in improving antioxidant status in this cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Akolkar
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Danielle da Silva Dias
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Prathapan Ayyappan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ashim K Bagchi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Davinder S Jassal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | | | - Katia De Angelis
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Pawan K Singal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;
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15
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Abad CCC, do Nascimento AM, dos Santos LE, Figueroa D, Ramona P, Sartori M, Scapini KB, Albuquerque O, Moraes-Silva IC, Coelho-Júnior HJ, Rodrigues B, Mostarda CT, De Angelis K, Irigoyen MC. Interval and continuous aerobic exercise training similarly increase cardiac function and autonomic modulation in infarcted mice. J Exerc Rehabil 2017; 13:257-265. [PMID: 28702435 PMCID: PMC5498080 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1734914.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to compare the effects of moderate-intensity continuous and high-intensity interval exercise training (ET) on exercise tolerance, cardiac morphometry and function, hemodynamic, and cardiac autonomic modulation in myocardial infarcted mice. Wild-type mice (WT) were divided into four groups: sedentary WT (S); WT myocardium infarction sedentary (IS); WT myocardium infarction underwent to moderate-intensity continuous ET (MICT), and WT myocardium infarction underwent to high-intensity interval ET (MIIT). After 60 days of descending coronary artery ligation, moderate-intensity continuous ET consisted of running at 60% of maximum, while the high-intensity interval training consisted of eight sprints of 4 min at 80% of maximum and a 4-min recovery at 40% of maximum. Both exercises were performed 1 hr a day, 5 days a week, during 8 weeks. Results demonstrated that IS showed elevated exercise tolerance, as well as decreased hemodynamic and heart function, and autonomic control. On the other hand, both programs of ET were equally effective to increase all parameters, without further differences between the groups. In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that myocardial infarction leads to damage in both investigated strains and the two types of physical exercise attenuated the major impairments provoked by myocardial infarction in exercise tolerance, cardiac structure, cardiac function, hemodynamic and cardiac autonomic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Cavinato Cal Abad
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | | | | | - Diego Figueroa
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Pamella Ramona
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Michele Sartori
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Katia B. Scapini
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Oscar Albuquerque
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | | | | | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas,
Brazil
| | - Cristiano Teixeira Mostarda
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo,
Brazil
- Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luiz,
Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Translational Physiology Laboratory, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Maria Cláudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo,
Brazil
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16
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Myocardial Infarction and Exercise Training: Evidence from Basic Science. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 999:139-153. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4307-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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17
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Feriani DJ, Souza GI, Carrozzi NM, Mostarda C, Dourado PM, Consolim-Colombo FM, De Angelis K, Moreno H, Irigoyen MC, Rodrigues B. Impact of exercise training associated to pyridostigmine treatment on autonomic function and inflammatory profile after myocardial infarction in rats. Int J Cardiol 2017; 227:757-765. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Guizoni DM, Oliveira-Junior SA, Noor SLR, Pagan LU, Martinez PF, Lima ARR, Gomes MJ, Damatto RL, Cezar MDM, Bonomo C, Zornoff LAM, Okoshi K, Okoshi MP. Effects of late exercise on cardiac remodeling and myocardial calcium handling proteins in rats with moderate and large size myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 2016; 221:406-12. [PMID: 27404715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical exercise attenuates myocardial infarction (MI)-induced cardiac remodeling. However, it is unsettled whether late exercise modulates post-infarction cardiac remodeling differentially according to infarct size. We investigated the effects of exercise started at late stage heart failure on cardiac remodeling in rats with moderate and large sized MI. METHODS Three months after MI, rats were assigned into sedentary and exercise groups. Exercise rats underwent treadmill for three months. After assessing infarct size by histological analysis, rats were subdivided into four groups: moderate MI sedentary (Mod MI-Sed; n=7), Mod MI exercised (Mod MI-Ex; n=7), Large MI-Sed (n=11), and Large MI-Ex (n=10). RESULTS Before exercise, MI-induced cardiac changes were demonstrated by comparing results to a Sham group; alterations were more intense in rats with large than moderate MI size. Systolic function, evaluated by echocardiogram using the variation in LV fractional area change between after and before exercise, was improved in exercise than sedentary groups. Calsequestrin expression increased in exercised compared to sedentary groups. L-type calcium channel was higher in Mod MI-Ex than Mod MI-Sed. SERCA2a, phospholamban, and Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger expression did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION Late exercise improves systolic function and modulates intracellular calcium signaling proteins in rats with moderate and large MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele M Guizoni
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Sefora L R Noor
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Luana U Pagan
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Paula F Martinez
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil; School of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Aline R R Lima
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Mariana J Gomes
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Ricardo L Damatto
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Marcelo D M Cezar
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Camila Bonomo
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A M Zornoff
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Marina P Okoshi
- Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
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Ranjbar K, Nazem F, Nazari A, Gholami M, Nezami AR, Ardakanizade M, Sohrabi M, Ahmadvand H, Mottaghi M, Azizi Y. Synergistic effects of nitric oxide and exercise on revascularisation in the infarcted ventricle in a murine model of myocardial infarction. EXCLI JOURNAL 2016; 14:1104-15. [PMID: 26869868 PMCID: PMC4746998 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that density of microvessels decreases in the left ventricular after myocardial infarction (MI). The change of angiogenic and angiostatic factors as the main factors in revascularisation after exercise training in area at risk is not determined yet in MI. Therefore, the aim of the present study was the effect of exercise training and L-arginine supplementation on area at risk angiogenesis in myocardial infarction rat. Four weeks after surgery (Left Anterior Descending Coronary artery Ligation), myocardial infarction rats were divided into 4 groups: Sedentary rats (Sed-MI); L-arginine supplementation (La-MI); Exercise training (Ex-MI) and Exercise + L-arginine (Ex+La). Exercise training (ET) lasted for 10 weeks at 17 m/min for 10-50 min day(-1). Rats in the L-arginine-treated groups drank water containing 4 % L-arginine. After ET and L-arginine supplementation, ventricular function was evaluated and angiogenic and angiostatic indices were measured at ~1 mm from the edge of scar tissue (area at risk). Statistical analysis revealed that gene expression of VEGF as an angiogenic factor, angiostatin as an angiostatic factor and caspase-3 at area at risk decrease significantly in response to exercise training compared to the sedentary group. The capillary and arteriolar density in the Ex groups were significantly higher than those of the Sed groups. Compared to the Ex-MI group, the Ex+La group showed a markedly increase in capillary to fiber ratio. No significant differences were found in infarct size among the four groups, but cardiac function increased in response to exercise. Exercise training increases revascularization at area at risk by reduction of angiostatin. L-arginine supplementation causes additional effects on exercise-induced angiogenesis by preventing more reduction of VEGF gene expression in response to exercise. These improvements, in turn, increase left ventricular systolic function and decrease mortality in myocardial infarction rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Ranjbar
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Farzad Nazem
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Afshin Nazari
- Department of Physiology, Razi Herbal Medicine Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Gholami
- Department of Anatomy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Nezami
- Department of cardiology, Shahid madani hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Malihe Ardakanizade
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Maryam Sohrabi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hasan Ahmadvand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mottaghi
- Department of Anatomy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Yaser Azizi
- Department of Physiology, Physiology research center, School of Medicine, Iran Universty of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Francica JV, Bigongiari A, Mochizuki L, Scapini KB, Moraes OA, Mostarda C, Caperuto EC, Irigoyen MC, De Angelis K, Rodrigues B. Cardiac autonomic dysfunction in chronic stroke women is attenuated after submaximal exercise test, as evaluated by linear and nonlinear analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2015; 15:105. [PMID: 26420632 PMCID: PMC4587902 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-015-0099-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We evaluated cardiac autonomic modulation in women with chronic ischemic stroke (at least 4 years post-stroke) at rest and in response to submaximal exercise test. Methods Fourteen post-stroke women (S group) and 10 healthy women (C group) participated in this study. Autonomic modulation (using linear and nonlinear analysis), blood pressure and metabolic variables at rest were evaluated immediately after the exercise test and during the recovery period (20 min). All participants underwent submaximal exercise test on cycle ergometer with gas analysis. Results At rest, the S group displayed higher lactate concentration, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values when compared to C group. Furthermore, the S group had lower heart rate variability (HRV) in time domain (SDNN: S = 30 ± 5 vs. 40 ± 8 ms; rMSSD: S = 14 ± 2 vs. C = 34 ± 3 ms), decreased high frequency band of pulse interval (S = 8.4 ± 2 vs. 33.1 ± 9 %) and 2V pattern of symbolic analysis (S = 17.3 ± 1 vs. 30 ± 3 %) (both indicators of cardiac vagal modulation) when compared to C group. Immediately after exercise, S group presented higher values of lactate, SBP, DBP and double product when compared to C group, as well as decreased heart rate recovery (HRR) measured at the first, second and third minutes. At recovery time, all HRV parameters in time and frequency domains improved in the S group; however, HF band remained lower when compared to C group. Conclusions After the exercise test, women with chronic stroke presented reduced heart rate variability, reduced cardiac vagal modulation, as well as reduced HRR, while displayed an improvement of heart rate variability and cardiac vagal modulation when compared to their baseline. These results reinforce the importance of a physically active lifestyle for cardiovascular autonomic disorders observed in chronic stroke women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aline Bigongiari
- Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Luís Mochizuki
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Kátia Bilhar Scapini
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Oscar Albuquerque Moraes
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Maria Cláudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Katia De Angelis
- Translational Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo/SP, Brazil. .,Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Érico Veríssimo, 701. Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz". Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP. CEP, 13.083-851, Brazil.
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Sanches IC, Conti FF, Bernardes N, Brito JDO, Galdini EG, Cavaglieri CR, Irigoyen MC, De Angelis K. Impact of combined exercise training on cardiovascular autonomic control and mortality in diabetic ovariectomized rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 119:656-62. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00883.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of aerobic, resistance, or combined exercise training on cardiovascular autonomic control and mortality in diabetic ovariectomized rats. Female Wistar rats were divided into one of five groups: euglycemic sedentary (ES), diabetic ovariectomized sedentary (DOS), diabetic ovariectomized aerobic-trained (DOTA), diabetic ovariectomized resistance-trained (DOTR), or diabetic ovariectomized aerobic+resistance-trained (DOTC). Arterial pressure (AP) was directly recorded and baroreflex sensitivity was evaluated by heart rate responses to AP changes. Cardiovascular autonomic modulation was evaluated by spectral analyses. No differences were observed in body weight and glycemia between diabetic rats. Animals in the DOTC and DOTA groups exhibited an increase in running time, whereas animals in the DOTC and DOTR groups showed greater strength. Trained groups exhibited improvement in total power and the high-frequency band of pulse interval and reduced mortality (vs. DOS). Animals in the DOTC (bradycardic and tachycardic responses) and DOTA (tachycardic responses) groups exhibited attenuation in baroreflex dysfunction that was observed in DOS and DOTR animals, and an improvement in AP variance. In conclusion, all training protocols led to reduced mortality, which may be due to an increase in physical capacity and to cardiovascular and autonomic benefits following training, regardless of any improvement in glycemic control. In this model, the aerobic and combined trainings seem to promote additional cardiovascular autonomic benefits when compared with resistance training alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris C. Sanches
- Laboratory of Transactional Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Filipe F. Conti
- Laboratory of Transactional Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Bernardes
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janaina de O Brito
- Laboratory of Transactional Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elia G. Galdini
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia R. Cavaglieri
- Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil; and
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maria-Cláudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Laboratory of Transactional Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
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Malfitano C, Barboza CA, Mostarda C, da Palma RK, dos Santos CP, Rodrigues B, Freitas SCF, Belló-Klein A, Llesuy S, Irigoyen MC, De Angelis K. Diabetic hyperglycemia attenuates sympathetic dysfunction and oxidative stress after myocardial infarction in rats. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:131. [PMID: 25301475 PMCID: PMC4198704 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-014-0131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research has demonstrated that hyperglycemia may protect the heart against ischemic injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between hyperglycemia and myocardial infarction on cardiovascular autonomic modulation and cardiac oxidative stress profile in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into: control (C), diabetic (D), myocardial infarcted (MI) and diabetic infarcted rats (DMI). Methods Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/Kg) at the beginning of the protocol and MI was induced by left coronary occlusion 15 days after STZ. Thirty days after streptozocin-induced diabetes, cardiovascular autonomic modulation was evaluated by spectral analysis, and oxidative stress profile was determined by antioxidant enzyme activities and superoxide anion, together with protein carbonylation and redox balance of glutathione (GSH/GSSG). Results The diabetic and infarcted groups showed decreased heart rate variability and vagal modulation (p < 0.05); however, sympathetic modulation decreased only in diabetic groups (p < 0.05). Sympatho/vagal balance and vascular sympathetic modulation were increased only in the MI group (p < 0.05). Diabetes promoted an increase in catalase concentration (p < 0.05). Glutathione peroxidase activity was increased only in DMI when compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Superoxide anion and protein carbonylation were increased only in MI group (p < 0.05). Cardiac redox balance, as evaluated by GSH/GSSG, was lower in the MI group (p < 0.05). Conclusions These data suggest that hyperglycemia promotes compensatory mechanisms that may offer protection against ischemia, as demonstrated by increased antioxidants, decreased pro-oxidants and protein damage, possibly related to the improvements in both redox balance and sympathetic modulation to the heart.
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Moreira RS, Irigoyen M, Sanches TR, Volpini RA, Camara NOS, Malheiros DM, Shimizu MHM, Seguro AC, Andrade L. Apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide 4F attenuates kidney injury, heart injury, and endothelial dysfunction in sepsis. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2014; 307:R514-24. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00445.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Kidney injury, heart injury, and cytokine-induced vascular hyperpermeability are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality in sepsis. Although the mechanism remains unknown, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) mimetic peptide 4F reduces inflammation and protects HDL levels, which are reduced in sepsis. We hypothesized that 4F also protects kidneys and hearts in a rat model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). We divided Wistar rats into groups: sham-operated (control), CLP, and CLP+4F (10 mg/kg body wt ip, 6 h after CLP). At 24 h post-CLP, we evaluated cardiac function, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), baroreflex sensitivity, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, serum cytokines, and inulin clearance. We performed immunoblotting for protein regulators of vascular permeability (Slit2 and Robo4) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in kidney tissue. We evaluated heart mitochondria with electron microscopy. Although there was no difference in MAP, the HR was significantly higher in CLP rats than in control and CLP+4F rats. In CLP+4F rats, baroreflex sensitivity and cardiac function were completely protected from the effects of CLP, as was glomerular filtration; heart mitochondria morphology was improved; sepsis-induced changes in serum cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and apoA-I were less common; all cytokines were lower than in CLP rats; and expression of Slit2, Robo4, and eNOS was completely restored. Administration of 4F inhibits inflammatory responses and strengthens the vascular barrier, protecting kidneys and hearts in an HDL-dependent manner. To determine the extent of the protective effect of 4F, further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto S. Moreira
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Irigoyen
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Talita R. Sanches
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rildo A. Volpini
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Denise M. Malheiros
- Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria H. M. Shimizu
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio C. Seguro
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucia Andrade
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
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Rodrigues F, Feriani DJ, Barboza CA, Abssamra MEV, Rocha LY, Carrozi NM, Mostarda C, Figueroa D, Souza GIH, De Angelis K, Irigoyen MC, Rodrigues B. Cardioprotection afforded by exercise training prior to myocardial infarction is associated with autonomic function improvement. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2014; 14:84. [PMID: 25022361 PMCID: PMC4105517 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-14-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that exercise training (ET) protects against the pathological remodeling and ventricular dysfunction induced by myocardial infarction (MI). However, it remains unclear whether the positive adjustments on baroreflex and cardiac autonomic modulations promoted by ET may afford a cardioprotective mechanism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic ET, prior to MI, on cardiac remodeling and function, as well as on baroreflex sensitivity and autonomic modulation in rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: sedentary rats submitted to Sham surgery (C); trained rats submitted to Sham surgery (TC); sedentary rats submitted to MI (I), trained rats submitted to MI (TI). Sham and MI were performed after ET period. After surgeries, echocardiographic, hemodynamic and autonomic (baroreflex sensitivity, cardiovascular autonomic modulation) evaluations were conducted. RESULTS Prior ET prevented an additional decline in exercise capacity in TI group in comparison with I. MI area was not modified by previous ET. ET was able to increase the survival and prevent additional left ventricle dysfunction in TI rats. Although changes in hemodynamic evaluations were not observed, ET prevented the decrease of baroreflex sensitivity, and autonomic dysfunction in TI animals when compared with I animals. Importantly, cardiac improvement was associated with the prevention of cardiac autonomic impairment in studied groups. CONCLUSIONS Prior ET was effective in changing aerobic capacity, left ventricular morphology and function in rats undergoing MI. Furthermore, these cardioprotective effects were associated with attenuated cardiac autonomic dysfunction observed in trained rats. Although these cause-effect relationships can only be inferred, rather than confirmed, our study suggests that positive adaptations of autonomic function by ET can play a vital role in preventing changes associated with cardiovascular disease, particularly in relation to MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rodrigues
- Human Movement Laboratory, Sao Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Leandro Yanase Rocha
- Human Movement Laboratory, Sao Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Diego Figueroa
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Kátia De Angelis
- Translational Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Cláudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Human Movement Laboratory, Sao Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Grans CF, Feriani DJ, Abssamra MEV, Rocha LY, Carrozzi NM, Mostarda C, Figueroa DM, Angelis KD, Irigoyen MC, Rodrigues B. Resistance training after myocardial infarction in rats: its role on cardiac and autonomic function. Arq Bras Cardiol 2014; 103:60-8. [PMID: 25014059 PMCID: PMC4126762 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20140093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although resistance exercise training is part of cardiovascular rehabilitation
programs, little is known about its role on the cardiac and autonomic function
after myocardial infarction. Objective To evaluate the effects of resistance exercise training, started early after
myocardial infarction, on cardiac function, hemodynamic profile, and autonomic
modulation in rats. Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sedentary control, trained
control, sedentary infarcted and trained infarcted rats. Each group with n = 9
rats. The animals underwent maximum load test and echocardiography at the
beginning and at the end of the resistance exercise training (in an adapted
ladder, 40% to 60% of the maximum load test, 3 months, 5 days/week). At the end,
hemodynamic, baroreflex sensitivity and autonomic modulation assessments were
made. Results The maximum load test increased in groups trained control (+32%) and trained
infarcted (+46%) in relation to groups sedentary control and sedentary infarcted.
Although no change occurred regarding the myocardial infarction size and systolic
function, the E/A ratio (-23%), myocardial performance index (-39%) and systolic
blood pressure (+6%) improved with resistance exercise training in group trained
infarcted. Concomitantly, the training provided additional benefits in the high
frequency bands of the pulse interval (+45%), as well as in the low frequency band
of systolic blood pressure (-46%) in rats from group trained infarcted in relation
to group sedentary infarcted. Conclusion Resistance exercise training alone may be an important and safe tool in the
management of patients after myocardial infarction, considering that it does not
lead to significant changes in the ventricular function, reduces the global
cardiac stress, and significantly improves the vascular and cardiac autonomic
modulation in infarcted rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Leandro Yanase Rocha
- Laboratório do Movimento Humano, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiano Mostarda
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Diego Mendrot Figueroa
- Laboratório de Hipertensão Experimental, Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Translacional, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Cláudia Irigoyen
- Laboratório de Hipertensão Experimental, Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Laboratório do Movimento Humano, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Role of exercise training on autonomic changes and inflammatory profile induced by myocardial infarction. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:702473. [PMID: 25045212 PMCID: PMC4090432 DOI: 10.1155/2014/702473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular autonomic imbalance in patients after myocardial infarction (MI) provides a significant increase in mortality rate, and seems to precede metabolic, hormonal, and immunological changes. Moreover, the reduction in the parasympathetic function has been associated with inflammatory response in different pathological conditions. Over the years, most of the studies have indicated the exercise training (ET) as an important nonpharmacological tool in the management of autonomic dysfunction and reduction in inflammatory profile after a myocardial infarction. In this work, we reviewed the effects of ET on autonomic imbalance after MI, and its consequences, particularly, in the post-MI inflammatory profile. Clinical and experimental evidence regarding relationship between alterations in autonomic regulation and local or systemic inflammation response after MI were also discussed.
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Sirvente RA, Irigoyen MC, Souza LE, Mostarda C, La Fuente RN, Candido GO, Souza PRM, Medeiros A, Mady C, Salemi VMC. Cardiac impairment evaluated by transesophageal echocardiography and invasive measurements in rats undergoing sinoaortic denervation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87935. [PMID: 24828834 PMCID: PMC4020758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sympathetic hyperactivity may be related to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and baro- and chemoreflex impairment in hypertension. However, cardiac function, regarding the association of hypertension and baroreflex dysfunction, has not been previously evaluated by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) using intracardiac echocardiographic catheter. Methods and Results We evaluated exercise tests, baroreflex sensitivity and cardiovascular autonomic control, cardiac function, and biventricular invasive pressures in rats 10 weeks after sinoaortic denervation (SAD). The rats (n = 32) were divided into 4 groups: 16 Wistar (W) with (n = 8) or without SAD (n = 8) and 16 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with (n = 8) or without SAD (SHRSAD) (n = 8). Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) did not change between the groups with or without SAD; however, compared to W, SHR groups had higher BP levels and BP variability was increased. Exercise testing showed that SHR had better functional capacity compared to SAD and SHRSAD. Echocardiography showed left ventricular (LV) concentric hypertrophy; segmental systolic and diastolic biventricular dysfunction; indirect signals of pulmonary arterial hypertension, mostly evident in SHRSAD. The end-diastolic right ventricular (RV) pressure increased in all groups compared to W, and the end-diastolic LV pressure increased in SHR and SHRSAD groups compared to W, and in SHRSAD compared to SAD. Conclusions Our results suggest that baroreflex dysfunction impairs cardiac function, and increases pulmonary artery pressure, supporting a role for baroreflex dysfunction in the pathogenesis of hypertensive cardiac disease. Moreover, TEE is a useful and feasible noninvasive technique that allows the assessment of cardiac function, particularly RV indices in this model of cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel A. Sirvente
- Cardiomyopathy Unit of the Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Hypertension Unit of the Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria C. Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit of the Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro E. Souza
- Hypertension Unit of the Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Mostarda
- Hypertension Unit of the Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel N. La Fuente
- Hypertension Unit of the Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Georgia O. Candido
- Hypertension Unit of the Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pamella R. M. Souza
- Hypertension Unit of the Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Medeiros
- Federal University of São Paulo, Biosciences Department, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Charles Mady
- Cardiomyopathy Unit of the Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera M. C. Salemi
- Cardiomyopathy Unit of the Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Davis B, Moriguchi T, Sumpio B. Optimizing cardiovascular benefits of exercise: a review of rodent models. Int J Angiol 2014; 22:13-22. [PMID: 24436579 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1333867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although research unanimously maintains that exercise can ward off cardiovascular disease (CVD), the optimal type, duration, intensity, and combination of forms are yet not clear. In our review of existing rodent-based studies on exercise and cardiovascular health, we attempt to find the optimal forms, intensities, and durations of exercise. Using Scopus and Medline, a literature review of English language comparative journal studies of cardiovascular benefits and exercise was performed. This review examines the existing literature on rodent models of aerobic, anaerobic, and power exercise and compares the benefits of various training forms, intensities, and durations. The rodent studies reviewed in this article correlate with reports on human subjects that suggest regular aerobic exercise can improve cardiac and vascular structure and function, as well as lipid profiles, and reduce the risk of CVD. Findings demonstrate an abundance of rodent-based aerobic studies, but a lack of anaerobic and power forms of exercise, as well as comparisons of these three components of exercise. Thus, further studies must be conducted to determine a truly optimal regimen for cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Davis
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut ; Veterans Administration Health Care System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Takeshi Moriguchi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut ; Veterans Administration Health Care System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Bauer Sumpio
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut ; Veterans Administration Health Care System, West Haven, Connecticut
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Yu JG, Zhang EH, Liu AJ, Liu JG, Cai GJ, Su DF. Ketanserin improves cardiac performance after myocardial infarction in spontaneously hypertensive rats partially through restoration of baroreflex function. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34:1508-14. [PMID: 24241347 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Baroreflex dysfunction is associated with a higher rate of sudden death after myocardial infarction (MI). Ketanserin enhances baroreflex function in rats. The present work was designed to examine whether ketanserin improves the post-MI cardiac function and to explore the possible mechanism involved. METHODS Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were treated with ketanserin (0.3 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)). Two weeks later, blood pressure and baroreflex function were measured, followed by a ligation of the left coronary artery. The expressions of vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) in ischemic myocardium, angiogenesis, cardiac function, and left ventricular (LV) remodeling were evaluated subsequently. RESULTS Ketanserin significantly improved baroreflex sensitivity (0.62±0.21 vs 0.34±0.12 ms/mmHg, P<0.01) and vagal tonic activity (heart rate changes in response to atropine, 54.8±16.2 vs 37.6±13.4 bpm, P<0.01) without affecting the blood pressure or basic heart rate in SHR. Treatment of SHR with ketanserin prominently improved cardiac function and alleviated LV remodeling, as reflected by increases in the ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and LV systolic pressure as well as decreases in LV internal diameter and LV relative weight. The capillary density, vascular endothelial growth factor expression, and blood flow in the ischemic myocardium were significantly higher in the ketanserin-treated group. In addition, ketanserin markedly increased the expression of VAChT and α7-nAChR in ischemic myocardium. CONCLUSION Ketanserin improved post-MI cardiac function and angiogenesis in ischemic myocardium. The findings provide a mechanistic basis for restoring baroreflex function using ketanserin in the treatment of MI.
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de La Fuente RN, Rodrigues B, Moraes-Silva IC, Souza LE, Sirvente R, Mostarda C, De Angelis K, Soares PP, Lacchini S, Consolim-Colombo F, Irigoyen MC. Cholinergic stimulation with pyridostigmine improves autonomic function in infarcted rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2013; 40:610-6. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Heart Institute (InCor); Medical School; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
- Human Movement Laboratory; Sao Judas Tadeu University; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Ivana C Moraes-Silva
- Heart Institute (InCor); Medical School; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Leandro E Souza
- Heart Institute (InCor); Medical School; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Raquel Sirvente
- Heart Institute (InCor); Medical School; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Cristiano Mostarda
- Heart Institute (InCor); Medical School; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Translational Physiology Laboratory; Nove de Julho University; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Pedro P Soares
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Fluminense Federal University; Niteroi Rio de Janeiro
| | - Silvia Lacchini
- Biomedical Sciences Institute; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
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Rodrigues B, Jorge L, Mostarda CT, Rosa KT, Medeiros A, Malfitano C, de Souza AL, Viegas KADS, Lacchini S, Curi R, Brum PC, De Angelis K, Irigoyen MC. Aerobic exercise training delays cardiac dysfunction and improves autonomic control of circulation in diabetic rats undergoing myocardial infarction. J Card Fail 2013; 18:734-44. [PMID: 22939043 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise training (ET) has been used as a nonpharmacological strategy for treatment of diabetes and myocardial infarction (MI) separately. We evaluated the effects ET on functional and molecular left ventricular (LV) parameters as well as on autonomic function and mortality in diabetics after MI. METHODS AND RESULTS Male Wistar rats were divided into control (C), sedentary-diabetic infarcted (SDI), and trained-diabetic infarcted (TDI) groups. MI was induced after 15 days of streptozotocin-diabetes induction. Seven days after MI, the trained group underwent ET protocol (90 days, 50-70% maximal oxygen consumption-VO(2)max). LV function was evaluated noninvasively and invasively; baroreflex sensitivity, pulse interval variability, cardiac output, tissue blood flows, VEGF mRNA and protein, HIF1-α mRNA, and Ca(2+) handling proteins were measured. MI area was reduced in TDI (21 ± 4%) compared with SDI (38 ± 4%). ET induced improvement in cardiac function, hemodynamics, and tissue blood flows. These changes were probable consequences of a better expression of Ca(2+) handling proteins, increased VEGF mRNA and protein expression as well as improvement in autonomic function, that resulted in reduction of mortality in TDI (33%) compared with SDI (68%) animals. CONCLUSIONS ET reduced cardiac and peripheral dysfunction and preserved autonomic control in diabetic infarcted rats. Consequently, these changes resulted in improved VO(2)max and survival after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rodrigues
- Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
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Rodrigues B, Mostarda CT, Jorge L, Barboza CA, Grans CF, De Angelis K, Irigoyen MC. Impact of myocardial infarction on cardiac autonomic function in diabetic rats. J Diabetes Complications 2013; 27:16-22. [PMID: 23044051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We evaluated autonomic and hemodynamic parameters and maximal oxygen consumption (VO(2)max) as possible determinants of mortality in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats after myocardial infarction (MI). METHOD Male Wistar rats were divided into (n=8 of each): control sham (CS), diabetes sham (DS), MI (I), and diabetes+MI (DI). MI was induced 15 days after STZ induction. VO(2)max was measured at 3 (basal), 30, 60, and 91 days after MI. Hemodynamic and autonomic parameters were evaluated 92 days after MI. RESULTS MI area was similar in infarcted groups (~44%). Mortality rate increased in the DI (70%) compared with I (53%) group. Cardiopulmonary baroreflex, sympathetic (48%) and vagal (33%) tonus, low frequency (LF) band (57%), and LF/high frequency (HF) band ratio (53%) were reduced in DI compared with I animals. Furthermore, cardiac output (CO), peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) impairment, and VO(2)max reductions were observed in the DI compared with the I group. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the CO and PVR changes as well as VO(2)max reduction were probably associated with additional cardiac autonomic control impairment, and, consequently, increased mortality rate in diabetic rats after a chronic myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rodrigues
- Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Silva KADS, Luiz RDS, Rampaso RR, de Abreu NP, Moreira ÉD, Mostarda CT, De Angelis K, de Paulo Castro Teixeira V, Irigoyen MC, Schor N. Previous exercise training has a beneficial effect on renal and cardiovascular function in a model of diabetes. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48826. [PMID: 23144989 PMCID: PMC3492244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise training (ET) is an important intervention for chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM). However, it is not known whether previous exercise training intervention alters the physiological and medical complications of these diseases. We investigated the effects of previous ET on the progression of renal disease and cardiovascular autonomic control in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups. All groups were followed for 15 weeks. Trained control and trained diabetic rats underwent 10 weeks of exercise training, whereas previously trained diabetic rats underwent 14 weeks of exercise training. Renal function, proteinuria, renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and the echocardiographic parameters autonomic modulation and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) were evaluated. In the previously trained group, the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio was reduced compared with the sedentary diabetic and trained diabetic groups (p<0.05). Additionally, RSNA was normalized in the trained diabetic and previously trained diabetic animals (p<0.05). The ejection fraction was increased in the previously trained diabetic animals compared with the diabetic and trained diabetic groups (p<0.05), and the myocardial performance index was improved in the previously trained diabetic group compared with the diabetic and trained diabetic groups (p<0.05). In addition, the previously trained rats had improved heart rate variability and BRS in the tachycardic response and bradycardic response in relation to the diabetic group (p<0.05). This study demonstrates that previous ET improves the functional damage that affects DM. Additionally, our findings suggest that the development of renal and cardiac dysfunction can be minimized by 4 weeks of ET before the induction of DM by STZ.
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Ventricular and autonomic benefits of exercise training persist after detraining in infarcted rats. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012; 113:1137-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-012-2533-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Alves CR, Murai IH, Ramona P, Nicastro H, Bechara LR, Lancha AH, Brum PC, Irigoyen MC, Gualano B. No effect of creatine supplementation on oxidative stress and cardiovascular parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2012; 9:13. [PMID: 22480293 PMCID: PMC3342894 DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-9-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exacerbated oxidative stress is thought to be a mediator of arterial hypertension. It has been postulated that creatine (Cr) could act as an antioxidant agent preventing increased oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nine weeks of Cr or placebo supplementation on oxidative stress and cardiovascular parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Findings Lipid hydroperoxidation, one important oxidative stress marker, remained unchanged in the coronary artery (Cr: 12.6 ± 1.5 vs. Pl: 12.2 ± 1.7 nmol·mg-1; p = 0.87), heart (Cr: 11.5 ± 1.8 vs. Pl: 14.6 ± 1.1 nmol·mg-1; p = 0.15), plasma (Cr: 67.7 ± 9.1 vs. Pl: 56.0 ± 3.2 nmol·mg-1; p = 0.19), plantaris (Cr: 10.0 ± 0.8 vs. Pl: 9.0 ± 0.8 nmol·mg-1; p = 0.40), and EDL muscle (Cr: 14.9 ± 1.4 vs. Pl: 17.2 ± 1.5 nmol·mg-1; p = 0.30). Additionally, Cr supplementation affected neither arterial blood pressure nor heart structure in SHR (p > 0.05). Conclusions Using a well-known experimental model of systemic arterial hypertension, this study did not confirm the possible therapeutic effects of Cr supplementation on oxidative stress and cardiovascular dysfunction associated with arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiano Rr Alves
- School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, Av, Prof, Mello Moraes, 65, São Paulo, PO Box 05508-030, Brazil.
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Liu C, Su D. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 subunit: a novel therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Front Med 2012; 6:35-40. [PMID: 22460446 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-012-0171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is important in the pathogenesis and development of cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies show that vagus nerve stimulation inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine production through "the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway," more specifically via the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR). In the current study, the role of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway during septic shock, hypertension, and myocardial infarction is reviewed, and its possible clinical implications in cardiovascular diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Zhao M, He X, Wier WG, Zhang HL, Zhao M, Yu XJ, Zang WJ. Endothelial dysfunction in rat mesenteric artery after regional cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion. Exp Physiol 2011; 97:70-9. [DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2011.059360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Brum P, Bacurau A, Medeiros A, Ferreira J, Vanzelli A, Negrão C. Aerobic exercise training in heart failure: impact on sympathetic hyperactivity and cardiac and skeletal muscle function. Braz J Med Biol Res 2011; 44:827-35. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A. Medeiros
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | - C.E. Negrão
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil; Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil
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Yu JG, Song SW, Shu H, Fan SJ, Liu AJ, Liu C, Guo W, Guo JM, Miao CY, Su DF. Baroreflex deficiency hampers angiogenesis after myocardial infarction via acetylcholine-α7-nicotinic ACh receptor in rats. Eur Heart J 2011; 34:2412-20. [PMID: 21849351 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Angiogenesis is critical for re-establishing blood supply to ischaemic myocardium after myocardial infarction (MI). Human studies have associated arterial baroreflex (ABR) deficiency with higher rate of sudden death after MI. The present work was designed to examine whether ABR deficiency affects angiogenesis in MI rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was determined in conscious rats at 1 month after occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The survival time was significantly shorter in Sprague-Dawley rats with BRS <0.60 ms/mmHg vs. those with BRS ≥0.60 ms/mmHg. Sinoaortic denervation destroyed ABR, and decreased capillary density, regional blood flow and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration after MI. Ketanserin (0.6 mg/kg/day) enhanced BRS, and increased capillary density, regional blood flow, and VEGF. Sinoaortic denervation also reduced the expression of vesicular acetylcholine (ACh) transporter and α7-nicotinic ACh receptor (α7-nAChR). Angiogenesis after MI was significantly attenuated in α7-nAChR knockout mice. In contrast, increase in endogenous ACh with cholinesterase inhibitor pyridostigmine (30 mg/kg/day) increased angiogenesis after MI. In cultured cardiac microvascular endothelial cells, ACh stimulated the expression of VEGF, phosphorylation of VEGF receptor 2, and tube formation in a manner dependent upon α7-nAChR. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that ABR deficiency could attenuate angiogenesis in ischaemic myocardium. These findings provide further mechanistic basis for enhancing baroreflex function in the treatment of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guo He Road, Shanghai, China
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Rodrigues B, Rosa KT, Medeiros A, Schaan BD, Brum PC, De Angelis K, Irigoyen MC. Hyperglycemia can delay left ventricular dysfunction but not autonomic damage after myocardial infarction in rodents. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2011; 10:26. [PMID: 21470409 PMCID: PMC3084163 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-10-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although clinical diabetes mellitus is obviously a high risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI), in experimental studies disagreement exists about the sensitivity to ischemic injury of an infarcted myocardium. Recently, our group demonstrated that diabetic animals presented better cardiac function recovery and cellular resistance to ischemic injury than nondiabetics. In the present study, we evaluated the chronic effects of MI on left ventricular (LV) and autonomic functions in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control (C, n = 15), diabetes (D, n = 16), MI (I, n = 21), and diabetes + MI (DI, n = 30). MI was induced 15 days after diabetes (STZ) induction. Ninety days after MI, LV and autonomic functions were evaluated (8 animals each group). Left ventricular homogenates were analyzed by Western blotting to evaluate the expression of calcium handling proteins. Results MI area was similar in infarcted groups (~43%). Ejection fraction and +dP/dt were reduced in I compared with DI. End-diastolic pressure was additionally increased in I compared with DI. Compared with DI, I had increased Na+-Ca2+ exchange and phospholamban expression (164%) and decreased phosphorylated phospholamban at serine16 (65%) and threonine17 (70%) expression. Nevertheless, diabetic groups had greater autonomic dysfunction, observed by baroreflex sensitivity and pulse interval variability reductions. Consequently, the mortality rate was increased in DI compared with I, D, and C groups. Conclusions LV dysfunction in diabetic animals was attenuated after 90 days of myocardial infarction and was associated with a better profile of calcium handling proteins. However, this positive adaptation was not able to reduce the mortality rate of DI animals, suggesting that autonomic dysfunction is associated with increased mortality in this group. Therefore, it is possible that the better cardiac function has been transitory, and the autonomic dysfunction, more prominent in diabetic group, may lead, in the future, to the cardiovascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rodrigues
- Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Rodrigues B, Figueroa DMT, Fang J, Rosa KT, Llesuy S, De Angelis K, Irigoyen MC. Short-term diabetes attenuates left ventricular dysfunction and mortality rates after myocardial infarction in rodents. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2011; 66:1437-42. [PMID: 21915497 PMCID: PMC3161225 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322011000800022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of hyperglycemia on left ventricular dysfunction, morphometry, myocardial infarction area, hemodynamic parameters, oxidative stress profile, and mortality rate in rats that had undergone seven days of myocardial infarction. INTRODUCTION Previous research has demonstrated that hyperglycemia may protect the heart against ischemic injury. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control-sham, diabetes-sham, myocardial infarction, and diabetes + myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction was induced 14 days after diabetes induction. Ventricular function and morphometry, as well as oxidative stress and hemodynamic parameters, were evaluated after seven days of myocardial infarction. RESULTS The myocardial infarction area, which was similar in the infarcted groups at the initial evaluation, was reduced in the diabetes + myocardial infarction animals (23 ± 3%) when compared with the myocardial infarction (42 ± 7%, p < 0.001) animals at the final evaluation. The ejection fraction (22%, p = 0.003), velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (30%, p = 0.001), and left ventricular isovolumetric relaxation time (26%, p = 0.002) were increased in the diabetes + myocardial infarction group compared with the myocardial infarction group. The diabetes-sham and diabetes + myocardial infarction groups displayed increased catalase concentrations compared to the control-sham and myocardial infarction groups (diabetes-sham: 32 ± 3; diabetes + myocardial infarction: 35 ± 0.7; control-sham: 12 ± 2; myocardial infarction: 16 ± 0.1 pmol min⁻¹ mg⁻¹ protein). The levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were reduced in the diabetes-sham rats compared to the control-sham rats. These positive adaptations were reflected in a reduced mortality rate in the diabetes + myocardial infarction animals (18.5%) compared with the myocardial infarction animals (40.7%, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that short-term hyperglycemia initiates compensatory mechanisms, as demonstrated by increased catalase levels, which culminate in improvements in the ventricular response, infarcted area, and mortality rate in diabetic rats exposed to ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rodrigues
- Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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