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Arena R, Pronk NP, Woodard C. Novel Approaches to Addressing the US Physical Inactivity and Obesity Pandemics: An Opportunity for Religious Organizations. Am J Med 2024; 137:240-248. [PMID: 38042243 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity and obesity crises persist in the United States despite substantial mitigation efforts. The primary goal of this analysis is to determine whether the geographic concentration of religious institutions overlaps with geographic patterns for physical inactivity and obesity prevalence. METHODS We obtained 2021 county-level, age-adjusted physical inactivity ("no leisure time physical activity") and obesity prevalence from the 2023 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention PLACES database. Data on number of congregations per 100,000 individuals and adherents as a percentage of the population were obtained from the 2020 US Religion Census. The American Nations regional cultures model was obtained from the Nationhood Lab. RESULTS On a national level, all correlations were statistically significant between health factors and religious infrastructure-higher physical inactivity and obesity were related to more congregations per 100,000 population on a county level. The strength of correlations between congregations per 100,000 county population and both physical inactivity and obesity prevalence was greatest in the American Nations model's Deep South and Tidewater regions. CONCLUSIONS Approaches to addressing the pandemics of unhealthy lifestyle-related health factors of physical inactivity and obesity in the United States have, in large part, been unsuccessful. Church-based healthy lifestyle programs, particularly in areas where a high concentration of congregations align with high physical inactivity and obesity, may offer a novel and effective approach to addressing this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL.
| | - Nicolaas P Pronk
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Colin Woodard
- Nationhood Lab, Pell Center for International Relations and Public Policy, Salve Regina University, Newport, RI
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Kinoshita S, Hirooka N, Kusano T, Saito K, Aoyagi R. Does health literacy influence health-related lifestyle behaviors among specialists of health management? A cross-sectional study. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2024; 25:29. [PMID: 38245688 PMCID: PMC10799471 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02263-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as health-related lifestyle diseases, are the leading cause of mortality and societal and economic burdens. Poor lifestyle behaviors, which are modifiable to improve health, can cause diseases, including NCDs. Health literacy has been recognized as an important determinant of health, and studies have shown that higher health literacy is associated with better health outcomes and positive health-related behaviors. However, few studies have investigated the association between health literacy and health-related lifestyle behaviors to understand the mechanistic link between them. Thus, this study investigated the extent to which health literacy at different levels influences health-related lifestyle behaviors. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among Japanese health management specialists (N = 1,920). Functional, critical, and communicative health literacy were measured. Lifestyle behaviors (exercise, diet and nutrition, sleep, rest, smoking, and alcohol intake), in line with the Japanese National Health Promotion Program, were assessed and calculated into a total cumulative score of health-related lifestyle behaviors. Moreover, we analyzed the associations between the three levels of health literacy and lifestyle behaviors using regression analyses by adjusting for socio-psycho-demographic factors. RESULTS Multiple linear regression analyses showed a significant association between the Japanese version of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire and total health-related lifestyle scores (standardized β = 0.160, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.136) after adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Similarly, the association between communicative and critical health literacy and the total health-related lifestyle scores was significant (standardized β = 0.122, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.125). The analysis indicated that individuals who had higher level of health literacy (critical and communicative) than functional health literacy (Japanese version of the Newest Vital Sign score) had higher health-related lifestyle behaviors. CONCLUSIONS A higher level of health literacy is associated with health-related lifestyle behaviors. Health literacy can be a target for interventions to achieve the national goal of lifestyle-related disease prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Kinoshita
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hirooka
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Japan.
- Department of Community Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Japan.
| | - Takeru Kusano
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Japan
| | - Kohei Saito
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Aoyagi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Japan
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Krishna N S, Sharma S, Lahiri A, Sai M, Kesri S, Pakhare A, Kokane AM, Joshi R, Joshi A. Risk Factors for Unfavorable Glycemic Control Trajectory in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Community-based Longitudinal Study in Urbanslums of Central India. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e270423216246. [PMID: 37102489 DOI: 10.2174/1573399819666230427094530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease, which requires optimal glycemic control to prevent its ensuing vascular complications. Pathway to optimal glycemic control in T2DM has a complex socio-behavioral construct, especially in vulnerable populations, like slum dwellers, who have reduced health-care access and lower prioritization of health needs. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to map trajectories of glycemic control amongst individuals with T2DM living in urban slums and identify key determinants associated with unfavourable glycaemic trajectory. METHODS This study was a community-based longitudinal study conducted in an urban slum of Bhopal in Central India. Adult patients diagnosed with T2DM and on treatment for more than one year were included. All 326 eligible participants underwent a baseline interview, which captured sociodemographic, personal behavior, medication adherence, morbidity profile, treatment modality, anthropometric and biochemical measurements (HbA1c). Another 6-month follow-up interview was conducted to record anthropometric measurements, HbA1c and treatment modality. Four mixed effect logistic regression models (through theory-driven variable selections) were created with glycemic status as dependent variable and usage of insulin was considered as random effect. RESULTS A total of 231 (70.9%) individuals had unfavorable glycemic control trajectory (UGCT), and only 95 (29.1%) had a favorable trajectory. Individuals with UGCT were more likely to be women, with lower educational status, non-vegetarian food preference, consumed tobacco, had poor drug adherence, and were on insulin. The most parsimonious model identified female gender (2.44,1.33-4.37), tobacco use (3.80,1.92 to 7.54), and non-vegetarian food preference (2.29,1.27 to 4.13) to be associated with UGCT. Individuals with good medication adherence (0.35,0.13 to 0.95) and higher education status (0.37,0.16 to 0.86) were found to be protective in nature. CONCLUSION Unfavorable glycemic control trajectory seems to be an inescapable consequence in vulnerable settings. The identified predictors through this longitudinal study may offer a cue for recognizing a rational response at societal level and adopting strategy formulation thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subba Krishna N
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Anuja Lahiri
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Madhu Sai
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Shashwat Kesri
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Abhijit Pakhare
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Arun M Kokane
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Rajnish Joshi
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Ankur Joshi
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, India
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Hayek J, Elliott K, Vermette M, Lafave LM. eHealth Tools Supporting Early Childhood Education and Care Centers to Assess and Enhance Nutrition and Physical Activity Environments: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e52252. [PMID: 37874616 PMCID: PMC10630867 DOI: 10.2196/52252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many children today are growing up in environments that predispose them to develop noncommunicable diseases. While no single preventive solution exists, evidence supports interventions in childcare settings for establishing good nutrition and physical activity behaviors as a "critical window" that could reduce the risk of developing noncommunicable diseases later in life. Emerging eHealth tools have shown potential in promoting best practices for nutrition and physical activity environments in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this review is to map the breadth of available evidence on eHealth tools currently available to assess and support best practices for nutrition, physical activity, or both in ECEC settings and to highlight potential research directions. METHODS This scoping review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Scoping Reviews with adherence to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist guidelines. Eligibility is based on the Population, Concept, and Context criteria as follows: (1) early childhood educators (population); (2) eHealth (digital) technology, such as websites, smartphone apps, email, and social media (concept); and (3) measurement and intervention tools to support best practices for nutrition, physical activity, or both in ECEC settings (context). The information sources for this review are the bibliographic databases PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL Plus, ERIC, and Embase in English and French with no date restrictions. Following this, a scan of gray literature will be undertaken. The electronic search strategy was developed in collaboration with two librarians. Two independent reviewers will screen the titles and abstracts of all relevant publications against inclusion criteria, followed by a full-text review using a data extraction tool developed by the reviewers. A synthesis of included papers will describe the publication, assessment, and intervention tool details. A summary of the findings will describe the types of eHealth assessment tools available, psychometric properties, eHealth intervention components, and theoretical frameworks used for development. RESULTS Preliminary searches of bibliographic databases to test and calibrate the search were carried out in May 2023. Study selection based on titles and abstracts was started in August 2023. The developed search strategy will guide our search for gray literature. The findings will be presented in visualized data map format, waffle chart, or tabular format accompanied by a narrative discussion. The scoping review is planned for completion in 2024. CONCLUSIONS A structured review of the literature will provide a summary of the range and type of eHealth tools available for ECEC programs to assess and improve nutrition environments, physical activity environments, or both in order to identify gaps in the current evidence base and provide insights to guide future intervention research. TRIAL REGISTRATION Open Science Framework XTRNZ; https://osf.io/xtrnz. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/52252.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Hayek
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Katharine Elliott
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Makayla Vermette
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lynne Mz Lafave
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Mair JL, Salamanca-Sanabria A, Augsburger M, Frese BF, Abend S, Jakob R, Kowatsch T, Haug S. Effective Behavior Change Techniques in Digital Health Interventions for the Prevention or Management of Noncommunicable Diseases: An Umbrella Review. Ann Behav Med 2023; 57:817-835. [PMID: 37625030 PMCID: PMC10498822 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaad041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite an abundance of digital health interventions (DHIs) targeting the prevention and management of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), it is unclear what specific components make a DHI effective. PURPOSE This narrative umbrella review aimed to identify the most effective behavior change techniques (BCTs) in DHIs that address the prevention or management of NCDs. METHODS Five electronic databases were searched for articles published in English between January 2007 and December 2022. Studies were included if they were systematic reviews or meta-analyses of DHIs targeting the modification of one or more NCD-related risk factors in adults. BCTs were coded using the Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy v1. Study quality was assessed using AMSTAR 2. RESULTS Eighty-five articles, spanning 12 health domains and comprising over 865,000 individual participants, were included in the review. We found evidence that DHIs are effective in improving health outcomes for patients with cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and asthma, and health-related behaviors including physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet, weight management, medication adherence, and abstinence from substance use. There was strong evidence to suggest that credible source, social support, prompts and cues, graded tasks, goals and planning, feedback and monitoring, human coaching and personalization components increase the effectiveness of DHIs targeting the prevention and management of NCDs. CONCLUSIONS This review identifies the most common and effective BCTs used in DHIs, which warrant prioritization for integration into future interventions. These findings are critical for the future development and upscaling of DHIs and should inform best practice guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Louise Mair
- Future Health Technologies, Singapore-ETH Centre, Campus for Research Excellence And Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Digital Health Interventions, Department of Management, Technology, and Economics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alicia Salamanca-Sanabria
- Future Health Technologies, Singapore-ETH Centre, Campus for Research Excellence And Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore
| | - Mareike Augsburger
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Klenico Health AG, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bea Franziska Frese
- Future Health Technologies, Singapore-ETH Centre, Campus for Research Excellence And Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore
- Centre for Digital Health Interventions, Institute of Technology Management, University of St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Abend
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Jakob
- Centre for Digital Health Interventions, Department of Management, Technology, and Economics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Kowatsch
- Institute for Implementation Science in Health Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Medicine, University of St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
- Centre for Digital Health Interventions, Department of Management, Technology, and Economics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Future Health Technologies, Singapore-ETH Centre, Campus for Research Excellence And Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore
| | - Severin Haug
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Coker T, Saxton J, Retat L, Guzek J, Card-Gowers J, BinDhim NF, Althumiri NA, Aldubayan K, Razack HI, Webber L, Alqahtani SA. How Could Different Obesity Scenarios Alter the Burden of Type 2 Diabetes and Liver Disease in Saudi Arabia? Obes Facts 2023; 16:559-566. [PMID: 37552973 PMCID: PMC10697749 DOI: 10.1159/000533301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and liver disease, and obesity-attributable liver disease is a common indication for liver transplant. Obesity prevalence in Saudi Arabia (SA) has increased in recent decades. SA has committed to the WHO "halt obesity" target to shift prevalence to 2010 levels by 2025. We estimated the future benefits of reducing obesity in SA on incidence and costs of T2DM and liver disease under two policy scenarios: (1) SA meets the "halt obesity" target; (2) population body mass index (BMI) is reduced by 1% annually from 2020 to 2040. METHODS We developed a dynamic microsimulation of working-age people (20-59 years) in SA between 2010 and 2040. Model inputs included population demographic, disease and healthcare cost data, and relative risks of diseases associated with obesity. In our two policy scenarios, we manipulated population BMI and compared predicted disease incidence and associated healthcare costs to a baseline "no change" scenario. RESULTS Adults <35 years are expected to meet the "halt obesity" target, but those ≥35 years are not. Obesity is set to decline for females, but to increase amongst males 35-59 years. If SA's working-age population achieved either scenario, >1.15 million combined cases of T2DM, liver disease, and liver cancer could be avoided by 2040. Healthcare cost savings for the "halt obesity" and 1% reduction scenarios are 46.7 and 32.8 billion USD, respectively. CONCLUSION SA's younger working-age population is set to meet the "halt obesity" target, but those aged 35-59 are off track. Even a modest annual 1% BMI reduction could result in substantial future health and economic benefits. Our findings strongly support universal initiatives to reduce population-level obesity, with targeted initiatives for working-age people ≥35 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nasser F. BinDhim
- Sharik Association for Health Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khalid Aldubayan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Saleh A. Alqahtani
- Liver Transplant Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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7
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Faghy MA, Ashton REM, Gough L, Arena R, Lavie CJ, Ozemek C. The Impact of COVID-19 on the Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Health. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:754-760. [PMID: 36907378 PMCID: PMC10005839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading noncommunicable disease and cause of premature mortality globally. Despite well established evidence of a cause-effect relationship between modifiable lifestyle behaviours and the onset of risk of chronic disease, preventive approaches to curtail increasing prevalence have been ineffective. This has undoubtedly been exacerbated by the response to COVID-19, which saw widespread national lockdowns implemented to reduce transmission and alleviate pressure on strained health care systems. A consequence of these approaches was a well documented negative impact on population health in the context of both physical and mental well-being. Although the true extent of the impact of the COVID-19 response on global health has yet to be fully realised or understood, it seems prudent to review effective preventative and management strategies that have yielded positive outcomes across the spectrum (ie, from individual to society). There is also a clear need to heed lessons learned from the COVID-19 experience in the power of collaboration and how this can be used in the design, development, and implementation of future approaches to address the longstanding burden of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Faghy
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, the University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Ruth E M Ashton
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lewis Gough
- Human Performance and Health Group, Centre for Life and Sport Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Arena
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, the University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Cemal Ozemek
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, the University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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8
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Xie J, Wang X, Pan D, Liu J, Li J, Gu J. Ageing and non-liver comorbidities in population with chronic hepatitis B infection in the western pacific region from 1990 to 2019. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1176113. [PMID: 37275222 PMCID: PMC10232771 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1176113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study examined the age structure and burden of non-liver noncommunicable diseases in population with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the Western Pacific Region (WPR) from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We estimated ageing trends and the prevalence of non-liver NCDs among the HBV-infected population and the general population in 31 countries/areas in the Western Pacific Region from 1990 to 2019 based on the Global Burden of Disease 2019 dataset. Results: The proportion of individuals aged 60 or older among the HBV-infected population has increased at a faster rate compared to the general population, whereas the proportion of individuals younger than 19 years has decreased rapidly over the past three decades. Among the HBV-infected population, the prevalence of most (29/31) NCDs increased from 1990 to 2019, with the top three most significant increases found for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (789.94% increase), prostate cancer (512.40% increase), and kidney cancer (411.34% increase). The prevalence of NCDs among the HBV-infected population increased faster than in the general population over the past three decades, especially in countries with rapid population ageing. Conclusion: This study highlights the increasing burden of non-liver comorbidities among the HBV-infected population. The integrated management of non-liver NCDs among this population should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhao Xie
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaye Liu
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health and Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Informatics of Guangdong Province, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Gu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health and Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Informatics of Guangdong Province, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Faghy MA, Whitsel L, Arena R, Smith A, Ashton REM. A united approach to promoting healthy living behaviours and associated health outcomes: a global call for policymakers and decisionmakers. J Public Health Policy 2023:10.1057/s41271-023-00409-6. [PMID: 37072600 PMCID: PMC10112301 DOI: 10.1057/s41271-023-00409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Chronic disease pandemics have challenged societies and public health throughout history and remain ever-present. Despite increased knowledge, awareness and advancements in medicine, technology, and global initiatives the state of global health is declining. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has compounded the current perilous state of global health, and the long-term impact is yet to be realised. A coordinated global infrastructure could add substantial benefits to public health and yield prominent and consistent policy resulting in impactful change. To achieve global impact, research priorities that address multi-disciplinary social, environmental, and clinical must be supported by unified approaches that maximise public health. We present a call to action for established public health organisations and governments globally to consider the lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic and unite with true collaborative efforts to address current, longstanding, and growing challenges to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Faghy
- Biomedical and Clinical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK.
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Laurie Whitsel
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA
- American Heart Association, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andy Smith
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ruth E M Ashton
- Biomedical and Clinical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA
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10
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Ullah Goraya M, Li R, Gu L, Deng H, Wang G. Blood Stream Microbiota Dysbiosis Establishing New Research Standards in Cardio-Metabolic Diseases, A Meta-Analysis Study. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030777. [PMID: 36985350 PMCID: PMC10052040 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Scientists have recently discovered a link between the circulating microbiome and homeostasis, as well as the pathogenesis of a number of metabolic diseases. It has been demonstrated that low-grade chronic inflammation is one of the primary mechanisms that has long been implicated in the risk of cardio-metabolic disease (CMDs) and its progression. Currently, the dysbiosis of circulating bacteria is considered as a key regulator for chronic inflammation in CMDs, which is why we have conducted this systemic review focused on circulating bacterial dysbiosis. METHODS A systemic review of clinical and research-based studies was conducted via PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science. Literature was considered for risk of bias and patterns of intervention effects. A randomized effect model was used to evaluate the dysbiosis of circulating microbiota and clinical outcomes. We conducted a meta-analysis considering the circulating bacteria in both healthy people and people with cardio-metabolic disorders, in reports published mainly from 2008 to 2022, according to the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS We searched 627 studies and, after completing the risk of bias and selection, 31 studies comprising of 11,132 human samples were considered. This meta-analysis found that dysbiosis of phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes was associated with metabolic diseases. CONCLUSIONS In most instances, metabolic diseases are linked to higher diversity and elevated bacterial DNA levels. Bacteroides abundance was higher in healthy people than with metabolic disorders. However, more rigorous studies are required to determine the role of bacterial dysbiosis in cardio-metabolic diseases. Understanding the relationship between dysbiosis and cardio-metabolic diseases, we can use the bacteria as therapeutics for the reversal of dysbiosis and targets for therapeutics use in cardio-metabolic diseases. In the future, circulating bacterial signatures can be used as biomarkers for the early detection of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Li
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (G.W.)
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Wang W, Liu Y, Li Y, Luo B, Lin Z, Chen K, Liu Y. Dietary patterns and cardiometabolic health: Clinical evidence and mechanism. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e212. [PMID: 36776765 PMCID: PMC9899878 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For centuries, the search for nutritional interventions to underpin cardiovascular treatment and prevention guidelines has contributed to the rapid development of the field of dietary patterns and cardiometabolic disease (CMD). Numerous studies have demonstrated that healthy dietary patterns with emphasis on food-based recommendations are the gold standard for extending lifespan and reducing the risks of CMD and mortality. Healthy dietary patterns include various permutations of energy restriction, macronutrients, and food intake patterns such as calorie restriction, intermittent fasting, Mediterranean diet, plant-based diets, etc. Early implementation of healthy dietary patterns in patients with CMD is encouraged, but an understanding of the mechanisms by which these patterns trigger cardiometabolic benefits remains incomplete. Hence, this review examined several dietary patterns that may improve cardiometabolic health, including restrictive dietary patterns, regional dietary patterns, and diets based on controlled macronutrients and food groups, summarizing cutting-edge evidence and potential mechanisms for CMD prevention and treatment. Particularly, considering individual differences in responses to dietary composition and nutritional changes in organ tissue diversity, we highlighted the critical role of individual gut microbiota in the crosstalk between diet and CMD and recommend a more precise and dynamic nutritional strategy for CMD by developing dietary patterns based on individual gut microbiota profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yiwen Li
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Binyu Luo
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhixiu Lin
- Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Keji Chen
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yue Liu
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
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12
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Faghy MA, Yates J, Hills AP, Jayasinghe S, da Luz Goulart C, Arena R, Laddu D, Gururaj R, Veluswamy SK, Dixit S, Ashton REM. Cardiovascular disease prevention and management in the COVID-19 era and beyond: An international perspective. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 76:102-111. [PMID: 36693488 PMCID: PMC9862672 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite some indicators of a localized curtailing of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence, CVD remains one of the largest contributors to global morbidity and mortality. While the magnitude and impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have yet to be realized in its entirety, an unquestionable impact on global health and well-being is already clear. At a time when the global state of CVD is perilous, we provide a continental overview of prevalence data and initiatives that have positively influenced CVD outcomes. What is clear is that despite attempts to address the global burden of CVD, there remains a lack of collective thinking and approaches. Moving forward, a coordinated global infrastructure that, if developed with appropriate and relevant key stakeholders, could provide significant and longstanding benefits to public health and yield prominent and consistent policy resulting in impactful change. To achieve global impact, research priorities that address multi-disciplinary social, environmental, and clinical perspectives must be underpinned by unified approaches that maximize public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Faghy
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
| | - James Yates
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| | - Andrew P Hills
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America; School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Sisitha Jayasinghe
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Cássia da Luz Goulart
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ross Arena
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Deepika Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Rachita Gururaj
- Department of Physiotherapy, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sundar Kumar Veluswamy
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Department of Physiotherapy, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, India
| | - Snehil Dixit
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruth E M Ashton
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
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13
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Farah R, Groot W, Pavlova M. Preferences for cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation care: A discrete choice experiment among patients in Lebanon. Clin Rehabil 2022; 37:954-963. [PMID: 36583599 DOI: 10.1177/02692155221149371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patient preferences are important in designing optimal rehabilitation care. The aim of this study is to assess preferences for rehabilitation care among two groups of respondents. DESIGN An online discrete choice experiment survey was carried out. SETTING We use data for Lebanon, a country where rehabilitation care is still underdeveloped. PARTICIPANTS Patients who have undergone or are currently undergoing rehabilitation treatment (users) and those who have not (yet) used rehabilitation care (non-users). INTERVENTION Patients were asked to repeatedly choose between two hypothetical rehabilitation care packages with seven different attributes: attitude of the staff, travel time to clinic, out-of-pocket costs, medical equipment, rehabilitation plan, additional lifestyle education session, and support during rehabilitation care. MAIN MEASURES Preference heterogeneity among patients with different characteristics was investigated using random effect binary logistic regression (software package Stata 15). RESULTS In total, 126 respondents completed the survey. The most preferred attribute was an informal and friendly attitude of the staff followed by modern medical equipment, additional lifestyle education session via eHealth, and support during the rehabilitation program via phone call or SMS. Respondents were less in favor of going to the rehabilitation clinic and paying additional out-of-pocket costs for the rehabilitation treatment. This rank order was similar between users and non-users. CONCLUSION Preferences of patients regarding the type of program chosen (eHealth or at clinical-based) need to be included in future rehabilitation programs. Improving patient experience with rehabilitation programs by giving the best care based on a patient-centered approach is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Farah
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation (Group A), Chirec Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wim Groot
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Milena Pavlova
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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14
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Chou TY, Liu WJ, Lee CL, Wang JS. Adherence to the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet and all-cause mortality in patients with a history of heart failure. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1015290. [PMID: 36238461 PMCID: PMC9551459 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1015290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims We investigated the association of adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet with all-cause mortality in patients with a history of heart failure. Methods We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary information was obtained from a 24-h dietary recall interview. Adherence to the DASH diet was assessed using the DASH score. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality which was confirmed by the end of 2011. Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to determine the hazard ratios and 95% CI for the association of the DASH score and all-cause mortality with multivariate adjustment. Results The median DASH score was 2 among the 832 study participants. There were 319 participants who died after a median follow-up duration of 4.7 years. A higher DASH score (>2 vs. ≤ 2) was not associated with a decrease in the risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 1.003, 95% CI 0.760–1.323, p = 0.983). With respect to the components of the DASH score, a lower sodium intake was not associated with a decreased risk of mortality (adjusted HR 1.045, 95% CI 0.738–1.478, p = 0.803). Conclusion A higher DASH score (>2 vs. ≤ 2) was not associated with all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Chou
- Department of Education, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ju Liu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Post-baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chia-Lin Lee
| | - Jun-Sing Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Post-baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Jun-Sing Wang
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15
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Arifin H, Chou KR, Ibrahim K, Fitri SUR, Pradipta RO, Rias YA, Sitorus N, Wiratama BS, Setiawan A, Setyowati S, Kuswanto H, Mediarti D, Rosnani R, Sulistini R, Pahria T. Analysis of Modifiable, Non-Modifiable, and Physiological Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases in Indonesia: Evidence from the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:2203-2221. [PMID: 36213176 PMCID: PMC9532265 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s382191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hidayat Arifin
- Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hidayat Arifin, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, KM. 21, Hegarmanah, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia, Tel +62 811 3194 433, Email
| | - Kuei-Ru Chou
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kusman Ibrahim
- Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Siti Ulfah Rifa’atul Fitri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Rifky Octavia Pradipta
- Department of Fundamental Nursing Care, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Yohanes Andy Rias
- Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri, Kediri, Indonesia
| | - Nikson Sitorus
- Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bayu Satria Wiratama
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Agus Setiawan
- Department of Community Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Setyowati Setyowati
- Department of Maternity Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Heri Kuswanto
- Department of Statistics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Devi Mediarti
- Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Palembang, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Rosnani Rosnani
- Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Palembang, Palembang, Indonesia
| | | | - Tuti Pahria
- Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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16
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Sumida K, Han Z, Chiu CY, Mims TS, Bajwa A, Demmer RT, Datta S, Kovesdy CP, Pierre JF. Circulating Microbiota in Cardiometabolic Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:892232. [PMID: 35592652 PMCID: PMC9110890 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.892232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid expansion of microbiota research has significantly advanced our understanding of the complex interactions between gut microbiota and cardiovascular, metabolic, and renal system regulation. Low-grade chronic inflammation has long been implicated as one of the key mechanisms underlying cardiometabolic disease risk and progression, even before the insights provided by gut microbiota research in the past decade. Microbial translocation into the bloodstream can occur via different routes, including through the oral and/or intestinal mucosa, and may contribute to chronic inflammation in cardiometabolic disease. Among several gut-derived products identifiable in the systemic circulation, bacterial endotoxins and metabolites have been extensively studied, however recent advances in microbial DNA sequencing have further allowed us to identify highly diverse communities of microorganisms in the bloodstream from an -omics standpoint, which is termed "circulating microbiota." While detecting microorganisms in the bloodstream was historically considered as an indication of infection, evidence on the circulating microbiota is continually accumulating in various patient populations without clinical signs of infection and even in otherwise healthy individuals. Moreover, both quantitative and compositional alterations of the circulating microbiota have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory conditions, potentially through their immunostimulatory, atherogenic, and cardiotoxic properties. In this mini review, we aim to provide recent evidence on the characteristics and roles of circulating microbiota in several cardiometabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease, with highlights of our emerging findings on circulating microbiota in patients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Sumida
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,*Correspondence: Keiichi Sumida,
| | - Zhongji Han
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Chi-Yang Chiu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Tahliyah S. Mims
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Ryan T. Demmer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Susmita Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Csaba P. Kovesdy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,Nephrology Section, Memphis Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Joseph F. Pierre
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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17
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Drapkina OM, Kontsevaya AV, Kalinina AM, Avdeev SM, Agaltsov MV, Alexandrova LM, Antsiferova AA, Aronov DM, Akhmedzhanov NM, Balanova YA, Balakhonova TV, Berns SA, Bochkarev MV, Bochkareva EV, Bubnova MV, Budnevsky AV, Gambaryan MG, Gorbunov VM, Gorny BE, Gorshkov AY, Gumanova NG, Dadaeva VA, Drozdova LY, Egorov VA, Eliashevich SO, Ershova AI, Ivanova ES, Imaeva AE, Ipatov PV, Kaprin AD, Karamnova NS, Kobalava ZD, Konradi AO, Kopylova OV, Korostovtseva LS, Kotova MB, Kulikova MS, Lavrenova EA, Lischenko OV, Lopatina MV, Lukina YV, Lukyanov MM, Mayev IV, Mamedov MN, Markelova SV, Martsevich SY, Metelskaya VA, Meshkov AN, Milushkina OY, Mukaneeva DK, Myrzamatova AO, Nebieridze DV, Orlov DO, Poddubskaya EA, Popovich MV, Popovkina OE, Potievskaya VI, Prozorova GG, Rakovskaya YS, Rotar OP, Rybakov IA, Sviryaev YV, Skripnikova IA, Skoblina NA, Smirnova MI, Starinsky VV, Tolpygina SN, Usova EV, Khailova ZV, Shalnova SA, Shepel RN, Shishkova VN, Yavelov IS. 2022 Prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases in Of the Russian Federation. National guidelines. КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2022. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2022-3235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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18
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Grosicki GJ, Bunsawat K, Jeong S, Robinson AT. Racial and ethnic disparities in cardiometabolic disease and COVID-19 outcomes in White, Black/African American, and Latinx populations: Social determinants of health. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 71:4-10. [PMID: 35490870 PMCID: PMC9047517 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Racial and ethnic-related health disparities in the United States have been intensified by the greater burden of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in racial and ethnic minority populations. Compared to non-Hispanic White individuals, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic/Latinx individuals infected by COVID-19 are at greater risk for hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and death. There are several factors that may contribute to disparities in COVID-19-related severity and outcomes in these minority populations, including the greater burden of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases as discussed in our companion review article. Social determinants of health are a critical, yet often overlooked, contributor to racial and ethnic-related health disparities in non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic/Latinx individuals relative to non-Hispanic White individuals. Thus, the purpose of this review is to focus on the essential role of social factors in contributing to health disparities in chronic diseases and COVID-19 outcomes in minority populations. Herein, we begin by focusing on structural racism as a social determinant of health at the societal level that contributes to health disparities through downstream social level (e.g., occupation and residential conditions) and individual level health behaviors (e.g., nutrition, physical activity, and sleep). Lastly, we conclude with a discussion of practical applications and recommendations for future research and public health efforts that seek to reduce health disparities and overall disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Grosicki
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Georgia Southern University (Armstrong Campus), Savannah, GA 31419, USA
| | - Kanokwan Bunsawat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Soolim Jeong
- Neurovascular Physiology Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Austin T Robinson
- Neurovascular Physiology Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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19
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Wilhelm M, Abreu A, Adami PE, Ambrosetti M, Antonopoulou M, Biffi A, Cavarretta E, D'Ascenzi F, Gibson I, Grobbee DE, Iliou MC, Koskinas K, Marques-Vidal P, Nixdorff U, Papadakis M, Piepoli MF, Vassiliou V, Wood D, Dendale P, Halle M. EAPC Core Curriculum for Preventive Cardiology. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 29:251-274. [PMID: 33791783 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Preventive cardiology encompasses the whole spectrum of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention, at individual and population level, through all stages of life. This includes promotion of cardiovascular (CV) health, management of individuals at risk of developing CVD, and management of patients with established CVD, through interdisciplinary care in different settings. Preventive cardiology addresses all aspects of CV health in the context of the social determinants of health, including physical activity, exercise, sports, nutrition, weight management, smoking cessation, psychosocial factors and behavioural change, environmental, genetic and biological risk factors, and CV protective medications. This is the first European Core Curriculum for Preventive Cardiology, which will help to standardize, structure, deliver, and evaluate training in preventive cardiology across Europe. It will be the basis for dedicated fellowship programmes and a European Society of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) subspecialty certification for cardiologists, with the intention to improve quality and outcome in CVD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wilhelm
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 46, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ana Abreu
- Servico de Cardioologia, Hospital Universitario de Santa Maria/Centro Hospitalar Universitario Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Centro Academico de Medicina de Lisboa (CAML), Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL), Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paolo Emilio Adami
- Health and Science Department, World Athletics, Monaco Principality, 6-8 Quai Antoine 1er, 98007 Monaco, Monaco
| | - Marco Ambrosetti
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, ASST, Via Medaglie D'Oro, 9, 26013 Crema, Italy
| | - Maria Antonopoulou
- Spili Primary Care Centre, Regional Health System of Crete, 740 53 Spili, Greece
| | - Alessandro Biffi
- Med-Ex Medicine & Exercise, Medical Partner Scuderia Ferrari, Via Vittorio Veneto 108, 00187 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Cavarretta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 97, 04100 Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Via Orazio, 2, 80122 Naples, Italy
| | - Flavio D'Ascenzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Viale Mario Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Irene Gibson
- National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, Moyola Lane, Newcastle, Galway H91 FF68, Ireland
| | - Diederick E Grobbee
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrech, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Christine Iliou
- Cardiac Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention Department, Corentin Celton Hospital, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris Centre Université de Paris, Parvis Corentin Celton 4, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, Paris, France
| | - Konstantinos Koskinas
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 46, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Nixdorff
- European Prevention Center c/o Medical Center Düsseldorf, Luise-Rainer-Straße 6-10, 40235 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Papadakis
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, St George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Massimo F Piepoli
- Cardiac Unit, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, University of Parma, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Vass Vassiliou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - David Wood
- National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Paul Dendale
- Heart Centre Hasselt and Hasselt University, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Martin Halle
- Department of Prevention and Sports Medicine, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992 Munich, Germany
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20
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Pasarica M, Boring M, Lessans S. Current practices in the instruction of lifestyle medicine in medical curricula. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2022; 105:339-345. [PMID: 34116891 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A review of current practices of educational interventions for lifestyle medicine was performed to inform the design of interventions with long-term goals of improving patient outcomes. METHODS Systematic review of PubMed, MedEdPORTAL, and Cochrane using keywords "lifestyle medicine," "education," "medical students," and "medical school" was done by 3 independent reviewers. Location, learner, curricular hours, focus, outcomes, and impact are reported. RESULTS Of 452 identified citations, 32 met criteria. Most studies (81%) were conducted in the U.S. and designed for medical students (72%). Studies focused primarily on nutrition (78%) and exercise (59%). Curricula were delivered on average across 13.7 h. Lectures were used in 53% of papers. The outcomes most commonly studied were satisfaction (66%,), knowledge perception (66%), and reported clinical practices (34%). Intervention impact at level 2b (31%) and level 3 (34%) were most common. CONCLUSION Medical educators looking to integrate lifestyle education curriculum should consider current resources as a starting point, especially ones with higher outcome measurements. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Novel interventions should target lifestyle medicine competencies with equitable distribution among learners using active learning approaches. The authors propose initial efforts focusing on instruction of clinical educators and practicing physicians, with advocacy for increased reimbursement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Boring
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA
| | - Spencer Lessans
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA
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McClung HL, Raynor HA, Volpe SL, Dwyer JT, Papoutsakis C. A Primer for the Evaluation and Integration of Dietary Intake and Physical Activity Digital Measurement Tools into Nutrition and Dietetics Practice. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022; 122:207-218. [PMID: 33863675 PMCID: PMC8593109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Holly L McClung
- US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA
| | - Hollie A Raynor
- Department of Nutrition with the University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN
| | - Stella L Volpe
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Johanna T Dwyer
- Frances Stern Nutrition Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Constantina Papoutsakis
- Nutrition and Dietetics Data Science Center, Research International and Scientific Affairs with the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Chicago, IL.
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22
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OUP accepted manuscript. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 29:1301-1308. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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23
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OUP accepted manuscript. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 29:1943-1944. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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24
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Amouei S, Selk Ghafari A, Zabihollah A, Mohammadi Moghaddam S, Mohammadi Laal Abadi Z. Multi-Sensory Balance Board for Children with SPD & ADHD Disorders. J Biomed Phys Eng 2021; 11:761-768. [PMID: 34904073 PMCID: PMC8649158 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2101-1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, as technology grows, human life formation changes every second. These changes sometimes create harmful habits and affect our lifestyle, which unfortunately bring various diseases and disorders. ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) & SPD (Sensory Processing Disorder) are common disorders in children. By giving children the right treatment at the younger ages, we can help them overcome their disabilities and not face any symptoms in their adulthood. The multi-sensory balance board is designed and developed to help medics diagnose the disorders in patients at early stages and monitor the treatment progress. The balance board uses multiple sensors to detect common human senses, visual, auditory, balance, and tactile sensing. Due to the safety issues for children during the COVID-19 pandemic, the balance board has been clinically tested for adults with stroke disorder. The research has concluded that it provides a fast low-cost with reliable results to diagnose the disorders in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shila Amouei
- MSc, Department of Mechanics & Mechatronics Engineering, Sharif University of Technology (Kish Campus), Kish, Iran
| | - Ali Selk Ghafari
- PhD, Department of Mechanics & Mechatronics Engineering, Sharif University of Technology (Kish Campus), Kish, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Zabihollah
- PhD, Department of Mechanics & Mechatronics Engineering, Sharif University of Technology (Kish Campus), Kish, Iran
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Chen JJ, Wu HT, Haryadi B. Reactive Hyperemia-Triggered Wrist Pulse Analysis for Early Monitoring of Young Men with High Atherosclerotic Risk. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1918. [PMID: 34679616 PMCID: PMC8535088 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11101918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of cardiovascular disease in young adults has raised significant concern regarding the early identification of risk factors to allow for timely intervention. This study aimed to identify young males at risk of atherosclerosis using a noninvasive instrument and an initial application percussion entropy analysis of the wrist pressure pulse (WPP). In total, 49 young males aged 18 to 28, without any known history of vascular disease, were recruited. Blood samples were obtained whereby a TC/HDL cutoff value of 4 was used to divide the young men into low-risk (Group 1, TC/HDL < 4, N = 32) and high-risk (Group 2, TC/HDL ≥ 4, N = 17) groups regarding atherosclerosis. The reactive hyperemia-triggered WPPs were measured using a modified air-pressure-sensing system (MAPSS). The dilation index (DI) of the endothelial function and percussion entropy index (PEI) of the heart rate variability (HRV) assessments, calculated using pragmatic signal-processing techniques, were compared between the two groups. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test showed that the DI and PEI of the two groups showed statistical differences (both p < 0.05). Not only could the MAPSS assess endothelial function and HRV in young males, but the results also showed that waist circumference and PEI may serve as indicators for the early identification of young males at risk of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jung Chen
- Taichung Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, Taichung 42743, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Tsai Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd., Hualien 97401, Taiwan; (H.-T.W.); (B.H.)
| | - Bagus Haryadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd., Hualien 97401, Taiwan; (H.-T.W.); (B.H.)
- Department of Physics, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Jendral A. Yani Street, Kragilan, Tamanan, Kec. Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta 55191, Indonesia
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26
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Long KQ, Ngoc-Anh HT, Phuong NH, Tuyet-Hanh TT, Park K, Takeuchi M, Lam NT, Nga PTQ, Phuong-Anh L, Van Tuan L, Bao TQ, Thinh OP, Van Huy N, Lan VTH, Van Minh H. Clustering Lifestyle Risk Behaviors among Vietnamese Adolescents and Roles of School: A Bayesian Multilevel Analysis of Global School-Based Student Health Survey 2019. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC 2021; 15:100225. [PMID: 34528007 PMCID: PMC8342779 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Adolescence is a vulnerable period for many lifestyle risk behaviors. In this study, we aimed to 1) examine a clustering pattern of lifestyle risk behaviors; 2) investigate roles of the school health promotion programs on this pattern among adolescents in Vietnam. Methods We analyzed data of 7,541 adolescents aged 13–17 years from the 2019 nationally representative Global School-based Student Health Survey, conducted in 20 provinces and cities in Vietnam. We applied the latent class analysis to identify groups of clustering and used Bayesian 2-level logistic regressions to evaluate the correlation of school health promotion programs on these clusters. We reassessed the school effect size by incorporating different informative priors to the Bayesian models. Findings The most frequent lifestyle risk behavior among Vietnamese adolescents was physical inactivity, followed by unhealthy diet, and sedentary behavior. Most of students had a cluster of at least two risk factors and nearly a half with at least three risk factors. Latent class analysis detected 23% males and 18% females being at higher risk of lifestyle behaviors. Consistent through different priors, high quality of health promotion programs associated with lower the odds of lifestyle risk behaviors (highest quality schools vs. lowest quality schools; males: Odds ratio (OR) = 0·67, 95% Highest Density Interval (HDI): 0·46 – 0·93; females: OR = 0·69, 95% HDI: 0·47 – 0·98). Interpretation Our findings demonstrated the clustering of specific lifestyle risk behaviors among Vietnamese in-school adolescents. School-based interventions separated for males and females might reduce multiple health risk behaviors in adolescence. Funding The 2019 Global School-based Student Health Survey was conducted with financial support from the World Health Organization. The authors received no funding for the data analysis, data interpretation, manuscript writing, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nguyen Hong Phuong
- Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC 20006
| | | | - Kidong Park
- World Health Organization, Country Office for Vietnam, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Momoe Takeuchi
- World Health Organization, Country Office for Vietnam, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tuan Lam
- World Health Organization, Country Office for Vietnam, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thi Quynh Nga
- World Health Organization, Country Office for Vietnam, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Le Phuong-Anh
- World Health Organization, Country Office for Vietnam, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Le Van Tuan
- Vietnam Ministry of Education and Training, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Tran Quoc Bao
- General Department of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Ong Phuc Thinh
- Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Huy
- Health Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University, Victoria, 3353, Australia.,Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, 104-0044, Japan
| | | | - Hoang Van Minh
- Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
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Lianov LS, Barron GC, Fredrickson BL, Hashmi S, Klemes A, Krishnaswami J, Lee J, Le Pertel N, Matthews JA, Millstein RA, Phillips EM, Sannidhi D, Purpur de Vries P, Wallace A, Winter SJ. Positive psychology in health care: defining key stakeholders and their roles. Transl Behav Med 2021; 10:637-647. [PMID: 32766868 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibz150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle-related diseases have common risk factors: physical inactivity, poor diet, inadequate sleep, high stress, substance use, and social isolation. Evidence is mounting for the benefits of incorporating effective methods that promote healthy lifestyle habits into routine health care treatments. Research has established that healthy habits foster psychological and physiological health and that emotional well-being is central to achieving total well-being. The Happiness Science and Positive Health Committee of the American College of Lifestyle Medicine aims to raise awareness about strategies for prioritizing emotional well-being. The Committee advocates for collaborative translational research to adapt the positive psychology and behavioral medicine evidence base into methodologies that address emotional well-being in nonmental health care settings. Another aim is to promote health system changes that integrate evidence-based positive-psychology interventions into health maintenance and treatment plans. Also, the Committee seeks to ameliorate health provider burnout through the application of positive psychology methods for providers' personal health. The American College of Lifestyle Medicine and Dell Medical School held an inaugural Summit on Happiness Science in Health Care in May 2018. The Summit participants recommended research, policy, and practice innovations to promote total well-being via lifestyle changes that bolster emotional well-being. These recommendations urge stakeholder collaboration to facilitate translational research for health care settings and to standardize terms, measures, and clinical approaches for implementing positive psychology interventions. Sample aims of joint collaboration include developing evidence-based, practical, low-cost behavioral and emotional assessment and monitoring tools; grants to encourage dissemination of pilot initiatives; medical record dashboards with emotional well-being and related aspects of mental health as vital signs; clinical best practices for health care teams; and automated behavioral programs to extend clinician time. However, a few simple steps for prioritizing emotional well-being can be implemented by stakeholders in the near-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana S Lianov
- American College of Lifestyle Medicine, Chesterfied, MO, USA
| | - Grace Caroline Barron
- Department of Psychiatry, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Barbara L Fredrickson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sean Hashmi
- Adult Weight Management, Southern California Kaiser Permanente, Woodland Hills, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Jenny Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Noémie Le Pertel
- Empowered Wellness and Center for Positive Leadership LLC, Primary Care, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica A Matthews
- Department of Kinesiology, Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rachel A Millstein
- Behavioral Medicine Program and Cardiac Psychiatry Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward M Phillips
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, VA Boston Health Care System and Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deepa Sannidhi
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Anne Wallace
- Beech Acres Parenting Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sandra J Winter
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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28
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van der Werf ET, Busch M, Jong MC, Hoenders HJR. Lifestyle changes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey in the Netherlands. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1226. [PMID: 34172042 PMCID: PMC8231077 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11264-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the Covid-19 pandemic the Dutch government implemented its so-called 'intelligent lockdown' in which people were urged to leave their homes as little as possible and work from home. This life changing event may have caused changes in lifestyle behaviour, an important factor in the onset and course of diseases. The overarching aim of this study is to determine life-style related changes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among a representative sample of the adult population in the Netherlands. METHODS Life-style related changes were studied among a random representative sample of the adult population in the Netherlands using an online survey conducted from 22 to 27 May 2020. Differences in COVID-19-related lifestyle changes between Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) users and non-CAM users were determined. The survey included a modified version of the I-CAM-Q and 26 questions on lifestyle related measures, anxiety, and need for support to maintain lifestyle changes. RESULTS 1004 respondents were included in the study, aged between 18 and 88 years (50.7% females). Changes to a healthier lifestyle were observed in 19.3% of the population, mainly due to a change in diet habits, physical activity and relaxation, of whom 56.2% reported to be motivated to maintain this behaviour change in a post-COVID-19 era. Fewer respondents (12.3%) changed into an unhealthier lifestyle. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that changing into a healthier lifestyle was positively associated with the variables 'Worried/Anxious getting COVID-19' (OR: 1.56, 95% C.I. 1.26-1.93), 'CAM use' (OR: 2.04, 95% C.I. 1.38-3.02) and 'stress in relation to financial situation' (OR: 1.89, 95% C.I. 1.30-2.74). 'Age' (OR 18-25: 1.00, OR 25-40: 0.55, 95% C.I. 0.31-0.96, OR 40-55:0.50 95% C.I. 0.28-0.87 OR 55+: 0.1095% C.I. 0.10-0.33), 'stress in relation to health' (OR: 2.52, 95% C.I. 1.64-3.86) and 'stress in relation to the balance work and home' (OR: 1.69, 95% C.I. 1.11-2.57) were found predicting the change into an unhealthier direction. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the coronavirus crisis resulted in a healthier lifestyle in one part and, to a lesser extent, in an unhealthier lifestyle in another part of the Dutch population. Further studies are warranted to see whether this behavioural change is maintained over time, and how different lifestyle factors can affect the susceptibility for and the course of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther T van der Werf
- Louis Bolk Institute, Bunnik, The Netherlands.
- Dutch Consortium for Integrative Medicine and Health (CIZG), Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Martine Busch
- Dutch Consortium for Integrative Medicine and Health (CIZG), Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Van Praag Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miek C Jong
- National Research Center in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NAFKAM), Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Mid Sweden University, Department of Health Sciences, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - H J Rogier Hoenders
- Dutch Consortium for Integrative Medicine and Health (CIZG), Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Integrative Psychiatry (CIP), Lentis Mental Health Institution, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Alemi S, Nakamura K, Arab AS, Mashal MO, Tashiro Y, Seino K, Hemat S. Gender-Specific Prevalence of Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases by Health Service Use among Schoolteachers in Afghanistan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115729. [PMID: 34073621 PMCID: PMC8198773 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives of this study were: (1) to examine gender differences in biomedical indicators, lifestyle behaviors, self-health check practices, receipt of professional non-communicable disease (NCD)-related lifestyle advice, and the use of health services among teachers in Afghanistan; and (2) to seek the patterns of these indicators among users and non-users of health services among both male and female teachers. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 600 schoolteachers in Kabul city in February 2017. Gender differences in percentage distributions of abnormal biomedical indicators, lifestyle behaviors, self-health check practices, and receipt of professional lifestyle advice were examined. These patterns were further analyzed according to the use of health services in the previous 12 months by both genders. The results showed that male teachers had a higher prevalence of hypertension, increased serum triglycerides, physically active lifestyle, and tobacco use than female teachers (28.2/20.4, p = 0.038; 47.0/37.9, p = 0.040; 54.3/40.9, p = 0.002; 15.8/0.7, p < 0.001, respectively); female teachers had a higher prevalence of increased serum LDL cholesterol, overweight/obesity, and frequent consumption of fruits/vegetables than male teachers (61.3/50.8, p = 0.018; 64.7/43.5, p < 0.001; 71.4/53.8, p < 0.001, respectively). Female teachers were more likely to receive professional lifestyle advice related to NCDs than male teachers. Although users of health services practiced self-health checks and received professional lifestyle advice more frequently than non-users, abnormal biomedical indicators were similarly shown among users and non-users of health services in both genders. In conclusion, high prevalence of abnormal biomedical indicators was indicated in both male and female teachers, although the specific abnormal biomedical indicators differed by gender. Users and non-users of health services presented a similar prevalence of these abnormal indicators. Understanding the differences in patterns of NCD risk factors is essential when developing gender-informed policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharifullah Alemi
- Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship, Division of Public Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (S.A.); (A.S.A.); (Y.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Keiko Nakamura
- Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship, Division of Public Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (S.A.); (A.S.A.); (Y.T.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ahmad Shekib Arab
- Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship, Division of Public Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (S.A.); (A.S.A.); (Y.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Mohammad Omar Mashal
- French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children (FMIC), Kabul 1011, Afghanistan;
| | - Yuri Tashiro
- Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship, Division of Public Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (S.A.); (A.S.A.); (Y.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Kaoruko Seino
- Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship, Division of Public Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (S.A.); (A.S.A.); (Y.T.); (K.S.)
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Guazzi M. The link between cardiovascular risk and cardiorespiratory fitness in individuals with a low socioeconomic status: An indisputable call for more action. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021; 28:446-447. [PMID: 33611350 DOI: 10.1177/2047487320901408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Guazzi
- University of Milano, Cardiology University Department, Heart Failure Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
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31
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Qin H, Mayer H, Öztürk B, Badr Eslam R. Patients’ Perspectives With Acute Coronary Syndrome After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. J Nurse Pract 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zhang W. Chronotropic effects and mechanisms of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on heartbeat: the latest insights. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:128-135. [PMID: 33837412 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The roles of the resting heart rate (RHR) have been actively investigated and increasingly recognized in recent decades, because of the growing evidence that fast RHR is associated with and predicts the risk of developing cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, as well as all-cause mortality. Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (eg, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) have been shown to have chronotropic effects on heartbeat in both healthy people and patients with various disease conditions. The aims of this review are (1) to briefly summarize the importance of elevated RHR in disease pathogenesis and mortality; (2) to provide an update on the negative chronotropic effect of omega-3 PUFAs on the heart; (3) to highlight how omega-3 PUFAs regulate heart rate through the autonomic nervous system - a central control mechanism; and (4) to highlight how omega-3 PUFAs modulate the trans-membrane ionic channels in cardiomyocytes - a fundamental mechanism of cardiac automaticity. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are nutrients derived from some aquatic organisms, and they can also be converted from digested oily seeds and nuts of some terrestrial plants in the body. The consumption of omega-3 PUFAs for RHR reduction represents a lifestyle modification for risk factor management and promises nutritional benefits for public health improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Zhang
- W. Zhang is with the Las Colinas Institutes, Irving, Texas, USA
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33
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Schouw D, Mash R, Kolbe-Alexander T. Changes in risk factors for non-communicable diseases associated with the 'Healthy choices at work' programme, South Africa. Glob Health Action 2020; 13:1827363. [PMID: 33076762 PMCID: PMC7594846 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2020.1827363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally 71% of deaths are attributed to non-communicable diseases (NCD). The workplace is an opportune setting for health promotion programs and interventions that aim to prevent NCDs. However, much of the current evidence is from high-income countries. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in NCD risk factors, associated with the Healthy Choices at Work programme (HCWP), at a commercial power plant in South Africa. METHODS This was a before-and-after study in a randomly selected sample of 156 employees at baseline and 137 employees at 2-years. The HCWP focused on food services, physical activity, health and wellness services and managerial support. Participants completed questionnaires on tobacco smoking, harmful alcohol use, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, psychosocial stress and history of NCDs. Clinical measures included blood pressure, total cholesterol, random blood glucose, body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio. The 10-year cardiovascular risk was calculated using a validated algorithm. Sample size calculations evaluated the power of the sample to detect meaningful changes in risk factors. RESULTS Paired data was obtained for 137 employees, the mean age was 42.7 years (SD 9.7) and 64% were male. The prevalence of sufficient fruit and vegetable intake increased from 27% to 64% (p < 0.001), those meeting physical activity guidelines increased from 44% to 65% (p < 0.001). Harmful alcohol use decreased from 21% to 5% (p = 0.001). There were clinical and statistically significant improvements in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mean difference -10.2 mmHg (95%CI: -7.3 to -13.2); and -3.9 mmHg (95%CI: -1.8 to -5.8); p < 0.001) and total cholesterol (mean difference -0.45 mmol/l (-0.3 to -0.6)). There were no significant improvements in BMI. Psychosocial stress from relationships with colleagues, personal finances, and personal health improved significantly. The cardiovascular risk score decreased by 4.5% (> 0.05). CONCLUSION The HCWP was associated with clinically significant reductions in behavioural, metabolic and psychosocial risk factors for NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcelle Schouw
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Robert Mash
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tracy Kolbe-Alexander
- Sport and Exercise Science, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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34
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Obas KA, Gerold J, Bytyçi-Katanolli A, Jerliu N, Kwiatkowski M, Ramadani Q, Statovci S, Zahorka M, Probst-Hensch N. Study protocol: a prospective cohort on non-communicable diseases among primary healthcare users living in Kosovo (KOSCO). BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038889. [PMID: 32963070 PMCID: PMC7509972 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the lowest life expectancy in the Balkans, underlying causes of morbidity in Kosovo remain unclear due to limited epidemiological evidence. The goal of this cohort is to contribute epidemiological evidence for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases such as depression, hypertension, diabetes and chronic respiratory disease in Kosovo as the basis for policy and decision-making, with a spotlight on the relationships between non-experimental primary healthcare (PHC) interventions and lifestyle changes as well as between depression and the course of blood pressure. METHODS AND ANALYSIS PHC users aged 40 years and above were recruited consecutively between March and October 2019 from 12 main family medicine centres across Kosovo. The data collected through interviews and health examinations included: sociodemographic characteristics, social and environmental factors, comorbidities, health system, lifestyle, psychological factors and clinical attributes (blood pressure, height, weight, waist/hip/neck circumferences, peak expiratory flow and HbA1c measurements). Cohort data were collected annually in two phases, approximately 6 months apart, with an expected total follow-up time of 5 years. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approvals were obtained from the Ethics Committee Northwest and Central Switzerland (Ref. 2018-00994) and the Kosovo Doctors Chamber (Ref. 11/2019). Cohort results will provide novel epidemiological evidence on non-communicable diseases in Kosovo, which will be published in scientific journals. The study will also examine the health needs of the people of Kosovo and provide evidence for health sector decision-makers to improve service responsiveness, which will be shared with stakeholders through reports and presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Ann Obas
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jana Gerold
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for International Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ariana Bytyçi-Katanolli
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Naim Jerliu
- National Institute of Public Health, Prishtina, Kosovo
- University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Marek Kwiatkowski
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Manfred Zahorka
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for International Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Pasarica M, Kay D. Teaching lifestyle medicine competencies in undergraduate medical education: active collaborative intervention for students at multiple locations. ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2020; 44:488-495. [PMID: 32795122 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00148.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study are to 1) design feasible active collaborative educational approaches to teach and assess three of the newly described lifestyle medicine (LM) competencies to students at multiple locations; and 2) determine whether a mixed, flexible instructional delivery approach impacts students' learning and perception of confidence in LM. The educational interventions were part of the undergraduate clinical medical education curriculum and have two parts: 1) an asynchronous session [online self-learning module (SLM)], and 2) a synchronous session using case-based collaborative learning delivered either mostly face to face, as determined by the instructor (approach A) or mostly virtual, as determined by the student (approach B). Both approaches were delivered in the curriculum as planned to 27 students in approach A (26% attending virtually) and 31 students in approach B (90% attending virtually). Approach B required more planning time. Approach A students (26 of 27) agreed that the SLM was valuable as an educational tool. The performance in the summative assessment was similar (P = 0.49) in both approaches [means (SD): 33.2 points (SD 10.6) approach A vs. 33.2 points (SD 10.1) approach B]. Students reported a similar increase in confidence (P = 0.33) with setting lifestyle change goals. The two educational approaches presented here address three of the new LM competencies using active collaborative learning. Both approaches are feasible for synchronous delivery to students located at local and distant sites, either face to face or virtual. The increase in the proportion of students attending virtually did not decrease the measured outcomes of learning and perceptions of confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pasarica
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida
| | - Denise Kay
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida
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Castillo-Carandang NT, Buenaventura RD, Chia YC, Do Van D, Lee C, Duong NL, Ng CH, Robles YR, Santoso A, Sigua HS, Sukonthasarn A, Tan R, Viora E, Zakaria H, Brizuela GE, Ratnasingham P, Thomas M, Majumdar A. Moving Towards Optimized Noncommunicable Disease Management in the ASEAN Region: Recommendations from a Review and Multidisciplinary Expert Panel. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2020; 13:803-819. [PMID: 32765135 PMCID: PMC7371561 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s256165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member states. Progress has been slow despite the World Health Organization action plan for the prevention and control of NCDs in the region. This paper presents recommendations focused on practical strategies for optimizing NCD management in the ASEAN region. Methods A multidisciplinary group of experts from six ASEAN member states convened for two face-to-face meetings to discuss barriers and possible recommendations for optimizing NCD management, focused on cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders, in the region. Multiple approaches, ie, analysis of insights from the meetings and a review of existing literature on NCD programs in the ASEAN region were followed. The proposed recommendations were also based on selected successful interventions in ASEAN member states, thus providing actionable strategies. Results The gaps identified in NCD management for cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders in the ASEAN region were classified into gaps relating to policies and to clinical and public health practice. The proposed solutions addressing policy gaps include fostering multisectoral public–private partnerships, employing “whole-of-government” and “whole-of-society” approaches and promoting “health-in-all policies approach” to manage issues with financing, accessibility, efficiency and quality of health services. Whereas proposed solutions to bridge clinical and public health practice gaps entail strengthening primary care services, building the capacity of trained healthcare workers and employing collaborative care for holistic management of patients. Conclusion The scale of premature and preventable deaths from NCDs in the ASEAN region remains a serious public health concern and requires a “whole-of-system approach”. The interventions proposed in this paper build on regional collaborations and knowledge sharing to help develop a concerted and targeted response to NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina T Castillo-Carandang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; and Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Robert D Buenaventura
- Department of Psychiatry, Manila Theological College - College of Medicine, Manila, Philippines
| | - Yook-Chin Chia
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Dung Do Van
- The University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Cheng Lee
- National Addictions Management Service, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Ngoc Long Duong
- Department of Research, Education and Technology, Vietnam National Heart Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Richmond, VIC, Australia
| | - Yolanda R Robles
- College of Pharmacy, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Anwar Santoso
- Department of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Centre - Harapan Kita Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Helen S Sigua
- University of the Philippines Open University, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Apichard Sukonthasarn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Roger Tan
- Roger Kidney Clinic, Gleneagles Hospital, Singapore
| | - Eka Viora
- Indonesia Psychiatrist Association, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hazli Zakaria
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Grace E Brizuela
- Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Upjohn, Manila, Philippines
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Bilbrey AC, Laidlaw K, Cassidy-Eagle E, Thompson LW, Gallagher-Thompson D. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Late-Life Depression: Evidence, Issues, and Recommendations. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Different Lifestyle Interventions in Adults From Underserved Communities. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 75:42-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lima TRD, González-Chica DA, Moreno YMF, Silva DAS. Healthy lifestyle moderates the relationship between cardiovascular disease with blood pressure, body composition, carotid intima-media thickness, and glycated hemoglobin among adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:539-546. [PMID: 31644883 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We investigate whether the adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations (regular physical activity, healthy diet, reduced alcohol consumption, nonsmoking) moderates the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors (obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension) with clinical variables among adults. This cross-sectional population-based study comprised 862 adults (39.3 ± 11.4 years, 46.4% men) from Florianópolis, Brazil. Clinical variables were systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat, muscular strength, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), high sensitive C-reactive protein, and lipid and glucose metabolism markers. Multiple linear regression adjusted for confounding factors was used. Reduced IMT and HbA1c were observed in males with CVD or its risk factors who adopted healthy lifestyle recommendations (p < 0.001), and lower SBP levels were observed in females without CVD or its risk factors (p = 0.034). Females with CVD or its risk factors who followed healthy lifestyle recommendations showed higher BMI (p = 0.035). Adherence to number of healthy lifestyle recommendations moderated cardiovascular health in adults with CVD and without CVD. Novelty The adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations moderated the relationship between IMT and HbA1c with CVD or its risk factors among males. The lower values of SBP among females without CVD or its risk factors were moderated by the adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Rodrigues de Lima
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | | | - Yara Maria Franco Moreno
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
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Kelishadi R. Life-Cycle Approach for Prevention of Non Communicable Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1121:1-6. [PMID: 31392647 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-10616-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Non communicable diseases (NCDs) become symptomatic in adulthood, but they mainly origin from early life. As NCDs are the major cause of mortality both in developed and developing countries, global actions are necessary for their life course prevention and control. The main preventable risk factors of NCDs include tobacco use, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity. These risk factors track from childhood to adulthood; it is well documented that healthy lifestyles play an important role for primordial and primary prevention of NCDs. Sedentary lifestyle, especially prolonged screen time, is a main underlying factor for NCDs. Regarding dietary intake, lower consumption of fruits, vegetables and fibers, as well as higher consumption of fatty and salty foods (fast foods, junk food), and carbonated soft drinks are of most usual habits correlated with increased risk of NCDs.Strategic action areas for the prevention and control of NCDs are health promotion, risk reduction, health systems strengthening for early detection and management of NCD risk factors. Low-cost solutions for reduction the common modifiable risk factors including unhealthy life-cycle are important for guiding policy and priorities of governments and for decreasing the prevalence of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non Communicable Disease, USERN Office, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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An evidence-based toolbox for the design and implementation of selective-prevention primary-care initiatives targeting cardio-metabolic disease. Prev Med Rep 2019; 16:100979. [PMID: 31508298 PMCID: PMC6722397 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardio-metabolic diseases (CMD; cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease) represent a global public health problem. Worldwide, nearly half a billion people are currently diagnosed with diabetes, and cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death. Most of these diseases can be assuaged/prevented through behavior change. However, the best way to implement preventive interventions is unclear. We aim to fill this knowledge gap by creating an evidence-based and adaptable “toolbox” for the design and implementation of selective prevention initiatives (SPI) targeting CMD. We built our toolbox based on evidence from a pan-European research project on primary-care SPIs targeting CMD. The evidence includes (1) two systematic reviews and two surveys of patient and general practitioner barriers and facilitators of engaging with SPIs, (2) a consensus meeting with leading experts to establish optimal SPI design, and (3) a feasibility study of a generic, evidence-based primary-care SPI protocol in five European countries. Our results related primarily to the five different national health-care contexts from which we derived our data. On this basis, we generated 12 general recommendations for how best to design and implement CMD-SPIs in primary care. We supplement our recommendations with practical, evidence-based suggestions for how each recommendation might best be heeded. The toolbox is generic and adaptable to various national and systemic settings by clinicians and policy makers alike. However, our product needs to be kept up-to-date to be effective and we implore future research to add relevant tools as they are developed.
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Pasarica M, Kay D, Cameron R. Using active pedagogies to advance learning for lifestyle medicine: an approach for medical students. ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2019; 43:191-195. [PMID: 30998102 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00195.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pasarica
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine , Orlando, Florida
| | - Denise Kay
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine , Orlando, Florida
| | - Rebecca Cameron
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine , Orlando, Florida
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Ozemek C, Lavie CJ, Rognmo Ø. Global physical activity levels - Need for intervention. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 62:102-107. [PMID: 30802461 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Substantial evidence shows that physical inactivity (PI) and sedentary behavior (SB) increases the risk of many chronic diseases and shortens life expectancy. We describe evidence that certain domains of physical activity (PA) in the United States (US) population have declined substantially over 5 decades. The prevalence of PI is very high worldwide, which has contributed to 6%-10% of the burden of many chronic diseases and premature mortality. Reduction or elimination of PI would likely produce substantial increases in life expectancy of the world's population. Great efforts are needed to reduce PI and SB and increase levels of PA in the US and worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemal Ozemek
- Department of Physical Therapy and Integrated Physiology Laboratory, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School -the University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Øivind Rognmo
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Maw SS, Haga C. Effect of a 2-hour interval between dinner and bedtime on glycated haemoglobin levels in middle-aged and elderly Japanese people: a longitudinal analysis of 3-year health check-up data. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2019; 2:1-10. [PMID: 33235951 PMCID: PMC7678470 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2018-000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is a need for evidence-based measures to examine the risk factors for lifestyle-related diseases. In Japan, a 2-hour interval between dinner and sleep is recommended as a healthy practice. However, the effect of an appropriate duration between dinner and bedtime on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the effect of a duration of 2 hours or shorter between dinner and bedtime on HbA1c levels in middle-aged and elderly Japanese individuals. Methods A longitudinal analysis of health check-up data (2012, 2013 and 2014) was performed. Lifestyle and anthropometric data of individuals aged 40–74 years who did not have any pre-diabetic and diabetic conditions were collected for multilevel analysis. Univariate analysis was performed to assess the influence of each lifestyle variable. Then, two-level random intercept models were created using statistical software SAS 9.3 (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC, USA). Results The cohort comprised 1573 individuals in 2012, two-thirds of whom were women. The mean HbA1c level was 5.20% in 2012 and 5.58% in 2013 and 2014. A total of 83 (16.1%) men and 70 (7.5%) women fell asleep within 2 hours after dinner. The influence of ensuring a 2-hour interval between dinner and bedtime did not have a remarkable effect on increasing HbA1c levels. The regression coefficient of 2-hour interval and HbA1c levels over time was −0.02 (p=0.45). Smoking (p=0.013), alcohol consumption (p=0.010) and higher body mass index (BMI) (p<0.001) may have influenced HbA1c trends. Conclusion Durations of 2 hours or shorter between dinner and bedtime did not influence HbA1c changes in middle-aged and elderly Japanese people. Instead, the focus should be on maintaining a normal BMI and abstaining from smoking and consuming alcohol to ensure stable HbA1c patterns in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Su Maw
- Community Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City, Japan
| | - Chiyori Haga
- Community Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City, Japan
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Sex-Specific Lifestyle and Biomedical Risk Factors for Chronic Disease among Early-Middle, Middle and Older Aged Australian Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16020224. [PMID: 30650533 PMCID: PMC6352175 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests age and sex differences in risk factors for chronic disease. This study examined lifestyle and biomedical risk factors among men (m) and women (w) in early-middle (25–51 years), middle (52–64) and older (65+) adulthood. Cross-sectional data from the 2011–2012 Australian Health Survey (n = 3024) were analysed. Self-reported dietary, activity, sleep behaviours and collected biomedical data were analysed. Early-middle adults failed to meet fruit, vegetable (95.3%) and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB, 34.9%) recommendations. Older adults had higher prevalence of overweight/obesity (70%), high blood pressure (38.0%) and fewer met physical activity guidelines (36.3%). Prior to older adulthood, more men consumed SSBs (early-middle m 45.6%, w 24.4%; middle m 26.0%, w 19.3%), and fewer met sedentary behaviour recommendations (early-middle m 43.2%, w 62.1%; middle m 46.4%, w 63.9%). Differences in overweight/obese women in early-middle (44.8%) to middle adulthood (64.7%) were significant. Biomedical risk was greatest in middle age; abnormal cholesterol/lipids increased specifically for women (total cholesterol early-middle 24.9% middle 56.4%; abnormal LDL-cholesterol early-middle 23.1% middle 53.9%). Adherence to lifestyle guidelines was low; particularly among men. While men exhibited greater clinical risk overall, this significantly increased among women in middle-adulthood. Public health strategies to improve lifestyle, monitor and intervene among middle-aged women are warranted.
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Phillips SA, Ali M, Modrich C, Oke S, Elokda A, Laddu D, Bond S. Advances in Health Technology Use and Implementation in the Era of Healthy Living: Implications for Precision Medicine. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 62:44-49. [PMID: 30597149 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Much of the focus of precision medicine has been directed toward genomics, despite the fact that "lifestyle and behavioral factors" are included in the description of precision medicine. Numerous structured diet and PA interventions have demonstrated success in preventing and/or reducing chronic-disease risk. The use of personal health technologies has expanded exponentially in the health care arena; there are a number of consumer-based technologies yielding health information to individual users. The explosion in technology use provides an opportunity for broader dissemination of health care services and products. In addition, tracking cardiovascular disease risk and lifestyle and behavioral aspects of healthy living (HL) profiles in those products may be an important leveraging interface for precision medicine. This review will discuss and present an overview of current health technologies, their use in promotion of HL metrics and how this data may be integrated into venues that support HL and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane A Phillips
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Integrative Physiology Laboratory, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Charles Modrich
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shariwa Oke
- Department of Biomedical and Health Information Sciences, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ahmed Elokda
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, USA
| | - Deepika Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Integrative Physiology Laboratory, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Samantha Bond
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Biomedical and Health Information Sciences, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
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Hills AP, Misra A, Gill JMR, Byrne NM, Soares MJ, Ramachandran A, Palaniappan L, Street SJ, Jayawardena R, Khunti K, Arena R. Public health and health systems: implications for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes in south Asia. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2018; 6:992-1002. [PMID: 30287104 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(18)30203-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many non-communicable chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, are highly prevalent, costly, and largely preventable. The prevention and management of type 2 diabetes in south Asia requires a combination of lifestyle changes and long-term health-care management. However, public health and health-care systems in south Asian countries face serious challenges, including the need to provide services to many people with inadequate resources, and substantial between-population and within-population inequalities. In this Series paper, we explore the importance and particular challenges of public health and health systems in south Asian countries (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) with respect to the provision of culturally appropriate lifestyle modification to prevent and manage diabetes, especially in resource-poor settings. Effective primary prevention strategies are urgently needed to counter risk factors and behaviours preconception, in utero, in infancy, and during childhood and adolescence. A concerted focus on education, training, and capacity building at the community level would ensure the more widespread use of non-physician care, including community health workers. Major investment from governments and other sources will be essential to achieve substantial improvements in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Hills
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia.
| | - Anoop Misra
- Fortis C-DOC Centre of Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases, and Endocrinology, New Delhi, India; National Diabetes, Obesity, and Cholesterol Foundation, New Delhi, India; Diabetes Foundation (India), New Delhi, India
| | - Jason M R Gill
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nuala M Byrne
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Mario J Soares
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ambady Ramachandran
- India Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr A Ramachandran's Diabetes Hospitals, Guindy, Chennai, India
| | | | - Steven J Street
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Ranil Jayawardena
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Ellapen TJ, Paul Y, Barnard M, Swanepoel M, Hammill HV, Strydom GL. Are There Sufficient Number of Exercise Therapists in South Africa In Order To Equitably Manage the Noncommunicable Disease Epidemic? INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH EDUCATION 2018; 39:127-132. [PMID: 30482096 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x18811035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The mortality of South African noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is rising. One of its primary contributors is physical inactivity. Therefore, South African National Health Plan included exercise therapy as part of their strategy to inhibit the NCDs upsurge. This study aimed to determine whether the number of South African exercise therapists is sufficient to equitably manage this NCD epidemic. The 2013 and 2017 Health Professions Council of South Africa reports identified the number of physiotherapists, biokineticists, and their respective students-in-training. In 2012, 10,623,820 people were identified with NCDs; however, South African Department of Health only treated 6,058,186 patients (57.0%) ( p < .05). South African Health Review has estimated a 28.7% increase in the number of NCDs patients treated from 2012 (6,058,186) to 2025 (7,799,770) ( p < .05). The average yearly growth of practicing physiotherapists (3.4%) and the physiotherapy student-in-training (2.2%) is inequitable to manage this NCD epidemic. In 2012, the extrapolated physiotherapist-to-NCD patient ratio was 1:5667. The South African Department of Health should consider including biokineticists to aid in the management of the NCD epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yvonne Paul
- 1 North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Marco Barnard
- 1 North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Lüscher
- Editor-in-Chief, Zurich Heart House, Careum Campus, Moussonstrasse 4, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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Aynaci G, Akdemir O. The Relationship Between Lifestyle, Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile II And High Blood Pressure In University Students. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:1756-1761. [PMID: 30338003 PMCID: PMC6182521 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying and controlling systemic arterial blood pressure is important in young people, and it is possible to reduce the frequency of systemic arterial hypertension by improving the lifestyle. AIM The aim of the study is to assess the relationship between healthy lifestyle behaviors and systemic blood pressure in university students. MATERIALS The study sample consisted of 200 university students from a state university in Edirne. Lifestyles and habits were evaluated with Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile II. Students' blood pressure was measured from both arms twice. RESULTS The mean HPLP-II score of those who frequently feel good was significantly higher than those who rarely feel good. The mean score of those who frequently wake up between 06:00-09:00 in the morning was statistically significantly higher than those who wake up outside these hours. Those who perform social or artistic activities during their leisure times had a mean scale score higher than those who don't perform. Although there wasn't a statistically significant difference according to smoking status, the mean score of non-smokers was higher than smokers. The mean scale scores were higher in frequent salt users than non-frequent users; participants with low saturated fatty acid intake had higher scores than those with high intake, and rare fast food consumers had higher scores than frequent consumers. The statistically significant difference between blood pressure values of females and males was due to higher blood pressure in male students. Those working in a part-time job had higher blood pressure values than those who weren't working. Among the students whose body mass indexes could be evaluated, there were differences in blood pressure values. CONCLUSION It has been observed in our study that health-related responsibilities and lifestyle behaviours increase with better leisure time activities, improved eating habits and a positive outlook on life. Turning youngs' tendencies towards healthy lifestyle behaviours to habits can make them healthier, more collective and more productive regarding physical, social and psychological well-being.
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