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Ranieri M. [Denormalizing smoking, a public health issue for society and hospitals alike]. Soins Psychiatr 2024; 45:33-36. [PMID: 38527871 DOI: 10.1016/j.spsy.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Since the industrialization of tobacco production in the last century, tobacco has been a popular product in all walks of life. Its harmful effects, now well recognized, have led to the implementation of increasingly active health policies. Its place in public life is increasingly controlled. This approach aims to prevent the continuation of risky behaviours associated with its use. Hospitals are becoming a model for the denormalization of smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ranieri
- Unité de coordination de tabacologie, CERTA, Département de psychiatrie et addictologie, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, AP-HP, 12 avenue Paul-Vaillant-Couturier, 94800 Villejuif, France.
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Perriot J, Valette C, Canton S, Peiffer G, Underner M. [Tobacco and tuberculosis: the nature of the links and the consequences of this association]. Rev Infirm 2024; 73:42-43. [PMID: 38346834 DOI: 10.1016/j.revinf.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis and smoking are responsible for significant mortality worldwide. Smoking is spreading in emerging countries, and its prevalence is high in developed countries among socially disadvantaged populations; it could be the source of a resurgence of tuberculosis in future years. The aim of this review is to clarify the consequences of the association between smoking and tuberculosis, and the benefits of smoking cessation for smokers with tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Perriot
- Centre de lutte antituberculeuse du Puy-de-Dôme (Clat 63), Dispensaire Émile-Roux, 11 rue Vaucanson, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Claude Valette
- Centre de lutte antituberculeuse du Puy-de-Dôme (Clat 63), Dispensaire Émile-Roux, 11 rue Vaucanson, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sophie Canton
- Centre de lutte antituberculeuse du Puy-de-Dôme (Clat 63), Dispensaire Émile-Roux, 11 rue Vaucanson, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Gérard Peiffer
- Centre hospitalier régional de Metz-Thionville, 57038 Metz, France
| | - Michel Underner
- Centre hospitalier Henri-Laborit, Unité de recherche clinique, Université de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France
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Khalil S, Ben Abdelaziz A, Zanina Y, Ben Yahia F, Khelil M, Zoghlami C, Ben Rejeb N, Omezzine A, Bouslama A, Ben Abdelaziz A. [Epidemiology of smoking in the male population in Tunisia. HSHS Study 6]. Tunis Med 2022; 100:683-695. [PMID: 36571753 PMCID: PMC9837716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of smoking in the male population of Hammam Sousse (Tunisia), to describe its modalities and to analyse its determining factors. METHODS This was a "community-based" study, carried out on a random sample of households, including a population of males aged 20 or over. The data were collected, at home, using a specific support consisting of a lifestyle questionnaire, a physical examination, and a biological assessment, oriented towards cardiovascular risk factors. Smoking behaviour covered both forms of cigarettes and Narghile. "Current smokers" included all men declaring that they smoked at the time of the survey, including "regular smokers", who smoked daily at the time of the survey, and "occasional smokers", less than once a day. The group of "non-smokers" at the time of the survey was the sum of "ex-smokers" and those "who had never smoked". The prevalences were calculated after their weighting according to age and the adjusted odds ratios were measured following a multivariate study by logistic regression. RESULTS The study population was composed of 481 men with an average age of 49.6±16.35 years and a median of 49 years. Mean body mass index and systolic blood pressure were 26.9 kg/m2 ±4.20 and 151.9 mmHg±24.36, respectively. After adjusting for age, the proportions of current users, former users and subjects who had never used tobacco (all forms combined) were respectively 50.4% (95% CI [49.49-51.3]), 17.4% (95% CI [16.71-18.08]) and 30.9% (95% CI [30.06-31.73]). Daily cigarette consumption was characterized by an average onset at age 20.1±6.91 years, an average duration of 27.0±15.22 years and an average amount of 17.6±9.8 cigarettes smoked per day. After adjusting for age, level of education, and socioeconomic level, smoking behaviour was attributed to a single independent risk factor: the presence of a smoker in the family, with an adjusted OR of 45.17 (p (p<10-3) for regular cigarette smokers, and 29.66 for regular tobacco users of all forms. CONCLUSION Smoking would be a real endemic in Tunisia, threatening the cardiovascular health of the country. The national health system is called upon to strengthen its action plan for the prevention and control of smoking, in all living environments: family, school, work, health centre, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Khalil
- Direction des Systèmes d'Information; CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie)
- Faculté de Médecine de Sousse. Université de Sousse (Tunisie)
| | - Asma Ben Abdelaziz
- Service de Biochimie. CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie)
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir. Université de Monastir (Tunisie)
| | - Youssef Zanina
- Direction des Systèmes d'Information; CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie)
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir. Université de Monastir (Tunisie)
- Laboratoire de Recherche LR19SP01 «Mesure et Appui à la Performance des Etablissements de Santé»
| | - Faten Ben Yahia
- Faculté de Médecine de Sousse. Université de Sousse (Tunisie)
- Laboratoire de Recherche LR19SP01 «Mesure et Appui à la Performance des Etablissements de Santé»
| | - Mohamed Khelil
- Direction des Systèmes d'Information; CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie)
- Laboratoire de Recherche LR19SP01 «Mesure et Appui à la Performance des Etablissements de Santé»
| | - Chokri Zoghlami
- Laboratoire de Recherche LR19SP01 «Mesure et Appui à la Performance des Etablissements de Santé»
| | - Nabila Ben Rejeb
- Service de Biochimie. CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie)
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir. Université de Monastir (Tunisie)
| | - Asma Omezzine
- Service de Biochimie. CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie)
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir. Université de Monastir (Tunisie)
| | - Ali Bouslama
- Service de Biochimie. CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie)
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir. Université de Monastir (Tunisie)
- Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir. Université de Monastir (Tunisie)
| | - Ahmed Ben Abdelaziz
- Direction des Systèmes d'Information; CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie)
- Faculté de Médecine de Sousse. Université de Sousse (Tunisie)
- Laboratoire de Recherche LR19SP01 «Mesure et Appui à la Performance des Etablissements de Santé»
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Kumon H, Miyake Y, Yoshino Y, Iga JI, Tanaka K, Senba H, Kimura E, Higaki T, Matsuura B, Kawamoto R, Ueno SI. Functional AGXT2 SNP rs37369 Variant Is a Risk Factor for Diabetes Mellitus: Baseline Data From the Aidai Cohort Study in Japan. Can J Diabetes 2022; 46:829-834. [PMID: 35961823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The relationship between alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 (AGXT2) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and diabetes mellitus (DM) has not been investigated. Therefore, we performed a case-control study to examine this relationship. METHODS The study subjects included 2,390 Japanese men and women aged 34 to 88 years. In total, 190 cases were defined as having a fasting plasma glucose level ≥126 mg/dL, having a glycated hemoglobin ≥6.5% or currently using diabetic medication. The 2,200 remaining participants served as control subjects. RESULTS Compared with study subjects with the CC genotype of AGXT2 SNP rs37369, those with the TT, but not CT, genotype had a significantly increased risk of DM: the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the TT genotype was 1.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 3.47). AGXT2 SNPs rs37370 and rs180749 were not significantly associated with the risk of DM. The CTA haplotype of rs37370, rs37369 and rs180749 was significantly positively associated with the risk of DM (crude OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.56), whereas the CCA haplotype was significantly inversely related to DM (crude OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.95). The multiplicative interaction between AGXT2 SNP rs37369 and smoking status with regard to the risk of DM was not significant (p=0.32 for interaction). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to show significant associations between AGXT2 SNP rs37369, the CTA haplotype, and the CCA haplotype and DM. No interaction with regard to the risk of DM was observed between rs37369 and smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kumon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Integrated Medical and Agricultural School of Public Health, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan; Research Promotion Unit, Translation Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan; Center for Data Science, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Iga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan.
| | - Keiko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Integrated Medical and Agricultural School of Public Health, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan; Research Promotion Unit, Translation Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan; Center for Data Science, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hidenori Senba
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital, Ehime, Japan
| | - Eizen Kimura
- Integrated Medical and Agricultural School of Public Health, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan; Center for Data Science, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan; Department of Medical Informatics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takashi Higaki
- Department of Regional Pediatrics and Perinatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Bunzo Matsuura
- Department of Lifestyle-Related Medicine and Endocrinology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Kawamoto
- Integrated Medical and Agricultural School of Public Health, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan; Department of Community Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shu-Ichi Ueno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Integrated Medical and Agricultural School of Public Health, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
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Khelil M, Ben Abdelaziz A, Zanina Y, Yahia F, Ben Hassine D, Ben Rejeb N, Omezzine A, Bouslama A, Ben Abdelaziz A. Epidemiology of obesity in Tunisia: HSHS4 study (Hammam Sousse Sahloul Heart Study). Tunis Med 2022; 100:551-560. [PMID: 36571745 PMCID: PMC9703907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The HSHS study is a community-based survey focused on cardiovascular risk factors. AIM The objectives of this specific analysis were to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight in the general population of Hammam Sousse (Tunisia) and to identify their predisposing factors. METHODS HSHS was conducted with a random sample of households, composed by the EPI (Expanded Program on Immunization) technique. All people aged 20 and over, met on the day of the survey, at their homes, were included. Obesity, overweight and weight overload were defined with reference to Body Mass Index (BMI): Obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m²), Overweight (25≤BMI (25≤BMI <30 kg/m²), weight overload (BMI≥25 kg/m²). Physical activity was evaluated according to the level of energy equivalents (Metabolic Equivalent Task) or MET, this level was considered low below 600 MET min/week. The calculated prevalences were accompanied by their 95%CI (Confidence Intervals). The multivariate study was conducted by logistic regression, measuring the adjusted Odds Ratio (ORa) Results: The study population was composed of 481 men and 960 women, (sex-ratio=0.50). The age ranged from 20 to 96 years with an average of 49.6±16444 years in men and 46.6±16.2 in women (p <0.05). After adjusting for age and sex, the prevalence rates of overweight, obesity, and weight overload were respectively 36.18%, 95%CI [35.38%-36.62%], 28.11%; 95%CI [27.42%-28.58%] and 64.28%; 95%CI [63.38%-64.62%]. Obesity was determined, in addition to female sex, age 40 or over and low level of education, by low level of physical activity (ORa=1.56; 95%CI [1.21-2.03], p<10-2). CONCLUSION In adults, the prevalence of obesity and overweight were high and determined by insufficient physical activity. The results of this study, which can be extrapolated to other Tunisian cities, should motivate the general population to establish a heart health promotion plan, in partnership with civil society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Khelil
- 1. Direction des Systèmes d’Information; CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie),2. Laboratoire de Recherche LR19SP01 «Mesure et Appui à la Performance des Etablissements de Santé»
| | - Asma Ben Abdelaziz
- 4. Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir (Tunisie),3. Service de Biochimie. CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie).
| | - Youssef Zanina
- 1. Direction des Systèmes d’Information; CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie),2. Laboratoire de Recherche LR19SP01 «Mesure et Appui à la Performance des Etablissements de Santé»,4. Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir (Tunisie)
| | - Faten Yahia
- 2. Laboratoire de Recherche LR19SP01 «Mesure et Appui à la Performance des Etablissements de Santé»,5. Faculté de Médecine de Sousse (Université de Sousse).
| | - Donia Ben Hassine
- 1. Direction des Systèmes d’Information; CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie),2. Laboratoire de Recherche LR19SP01 «Mesure et Appui à la Performance des Etablissements de Santé»
| | - Nabila Ben Rejeb
- 4. Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir (Tunisie),3. Service de Biochimie. CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie).
| | - Asma Omezzine
- 4. Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir (Tunisie),3. Service de Biochimie. CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie).
| | - Ali Bouslama
- 4. Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir (Tunisie),3. Service de Biochimie. CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie).
| | - Ahmed Ben Abdelaziz
- 1. Direction des Systèmes d’Information; CHU Sahloul de Sousse (Tunisie),2. Laboratoire de Recherche LR19SP01 «Mesure et Appui à la Performance des Etablissements de Santé»,5. Faculté de Médecine de Sousse (Université de Sousse).
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Ben Ameur S, Belhadj R, Yaich S, Maaloul I, Damak J, Kammoun T. Childhood asthma : factors predicting severity and persistence of symptoms. Tunis Med 2021; 99:1174-1179. [PMID: 35288924 PMCID: PMC8974439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is the most common chronic disease in infants. In young children, asthma still raises many questions and many points are still being debated. AIM The aim of this study is to identifies, in asthmatic children, factors predictors of severity and persistence of symptoms. METHODS A retrospective study of asthmatic infants<3 years enrolled in the pediatric department of Sfax over a period of 5 years (2007-2011). We were interested to social and environmental factors, the allergic background, clinical severity of the disease, results of allergic skin tests, treatment and respiratory outcome. RESULTS We collected 180 children with a sex ratio of 2.2. Family history of atopy and exposition to passive tobacco were noted in 45 % and 52% of cases respectively. The mean age of onset of wheezing was 6.6 months. Skin tests were positives in 32% of cases. At the time of diagnosis, asthma was classified intermittent (21%), mild to moderate (55.6%) and severe (22.2%). Inhaled corticosteroids was initiated in 142 infants (78.8%). Skin tests performed in 84 patients, were positive in 32%. Factors associated with severe asthma were passive smoking, early age of onset, number of hospitalizations for exacerbation and existence of an aggravating factor. Factors predictors of persistence were an early age of onset, caesarean delivery, passive smoking and positive skin tests. CONCLUSION Factors associated with persistence of asthma at the individual level remains uncertain. However, atopy and passive smoking are major indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Ben Ameur
- 1-Service de pédiatrie CHU Hédi Chaker SFAX / université de sfax ; faculté de médecine
| | - Rim Belhadj
- 1-Service de pédiatrie CHU Hédi Chaker SFAX / université de sfax ; faculté de médecine
| | - Sourour Yaich
- 2-Service de médecine préventive CHU Hédi Chaker SFAX / université de sfax ; faculté de médecine
| | - Ines Maaloul
- 1-Service de pédiatrie CHU Hédi Chaker SFAX / université de sfax ; faculté de médecine
| | - Jamel Damak
- 2-Service de médecine préventive CHU Hédi Chaker SFAX / université de sfax ; faculté de médecine
| | - Thouraya Kammoun
- 1-Service de pédiatrie CHU Hédi Chaker SFAX / université de sfax ; faculté de médecine
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Moussa N, Kacem JH, Gargouri R, Kallel N, Kammoun S. Clinico-radiological particularities of common pulmonary tuberculosis among smokers in Tunisia. Tunis Med 2021; 99:638-643. [PMID: 35244916 PMCID: PMC8795993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
INRODUCTION Smoking and tuberculosis are two major public health issues worldwide, particularly in emerging countries. Currently, the relationship between these two scourges is well established. AIM Describe the clinical, radiological and progressive features of common pulmonary tuberculosis in smokers. METHODS Comparative study, carried out at the Pneumology department of the Hédi Chaker in Sfax, Tunisia, including 120 patients hospitalized for common pulmonary tuberculosis from January 2014 to December 2016 and who completed their follow-ups for a minimum period of 2 years . The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group1 (G1) consisting of 60 smoking patients and Group 2 (G2) consisting of 60 non-smoking patients. To assess the severity of radiological lesions, we used the International Labour Organization classification for simple pneumoconiosis and the Brouet classification. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was comparable in the two groups with a predominance of male for G1 (91%) and female for G2 (70%). The smokers consulted later (113 days versus 60 days (p=0.023). Dyspnea, hemoptysis and chest pain were significantly more frequent in the smokers. The radiological lesions were more serious in smoking group. Bilateral lesions were more observed in smokers (58% vs 25% p = 0.004). A positive association was noted between the extent of radiological lesions, stage 3 and 4 according to the Brouet classification, and smoking status (p <0.001). Similarly for the International Labour Organization classification for simple pneumoconiosis , the radiological lesions were more severe (scores 6 - 15) in the smokers (p <0.001).Smoking was associated with poor adherence (p <0.008), prolonged anti-tuberculosis treatment (p <0.001), delayed RBK negativation in sputum (p <0.001), and more frequent reactivation of tuberculosis (p=0.001). After the diagnosis of CPT, 83% of patients continued to smoke at the same rate and only 7% of patients had quit smoking. CONCLUSION Smoking worsens CPT by making the clinical picture noisier, radiological lesions more aggressive, negativation of BK in sputum later, and reactivation of CPT more frequent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Moussa
- 1. Service de pneumologie CHU Hédi Chaker Sfax / université de Sfax
| | - Jihene Haj Kacem
- 1. Service de pneumologie CHU Hédi Chaker Sfax / université de Sfax
| | - Rahma Gargouri
- 1. Service de pneumologie CHU Hédi Chaker Sfax / université de Sfax
| | - Nessrine Kallel
- 1. Service de pneumologie CHU Hédi Chaker Sfax / université de Sfax
| | - Samy Kammoun
- 1. Service de pneumologie CHU Hédi Chaker Sfax / université de Sfax
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Lepori L, Radovanovic D, Schoenenberger AW, Suter PM, Erne P, Parati G, Gallino A, Bianchetti MG, Muggli F. Age-Dependency of Cardiometabolic Risk and Protective Factors in Females Living in a Countryside Area of Switzerland. Praxis (Bern 1994) 2021; 110:252-256. [PMID: 33849291 DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of age on cardiometabolic risk and protective factors in females living in a countryside area of Switzerland. For this cross-sectional analysis, data from 268 female adults, who live in two neighboring countryside villages in Italian-speaking Switzerland were retained. 89 study participants were premenopausal, 82 climacteric and 97 postmenopausal. Television viewing time, short duration of sleep, overweight, blood pressure, levels of atherogenic lipids and glycated hemoglobin significantly increased with age. Walking time also significantly increased with age. Tobacco smoking was more common among premenopausal women. It is concluded that in these countryside villages climacteric and postmenopausal women generally have an unfavorable cardiometabolic risk profile. On the other side, low physical activity and smoking are, compared to premenopausal and climacteric women, less prevalent in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Lepori
- Family Medicine Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Dragana Radovanovic
- Family Medicine Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Andreas W Schoenenberger
- Department of Geriatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paolo M Suter
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul Erne
- Family Medicine Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Gianfranco Parati
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Cardiology Unit and Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, San Luca Hospital, Milano, & Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Augusto Gallino
- Cardiovascular Research, San Giovanni Hospital, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Mario G Bianchetti
- Family Medicine Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Franco Muggli
- Family Medicine Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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9
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Patten SB. Vaping and Mental Health. J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 30:3-5. [PMID: 33552167 PMCID: PMC7837520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
"Vaping" refers to the inhalation of aerosols produced in devices that heat liquid solutions. The aerosols may contain various additives, flavours, nicotine and other drugs such as cannabis. Nicotine is the most common psychoactive substance in vaping devices (or e-cigarettes) in Canada. While vaping has been viewed primarily as a cessation method or harm reduction strategy for smokers of combustible tobacco cigarettes, a new pattern is becoming evident in adolescents and youth (age 15-24) in Canada. In this age group, vaping is reported in increasing frequencies among those who have never smoked. This suggests the possible emergence of a de novo pattern of substance use and suggests the emergence of an unmet treatment need, vaping cessation. The mental health implications of vaping are largely unknown but available data suggest that vaping is associated with mental health changes similar to those seen with combustible tobacco cigarettes. Understanding the mental health impact of "vaping" will be challenging and research is needed. An important message from the smoking literature is that data from randomized cessation trials may be especially valuable because of complex issues of temporality and confounding connected to observational data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott B Patten
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
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Abstract
PneumoLaus: Prevalence of Lung Function Abnormalities in a Sample of the General Population of Lausanne Abstract. Reduced lung function predicts increased mortality. The prevalence of spirometric abnormalities depends on their definition, the references values used and the use or not of bronchodilation. In the PneumoLaus study, conducted between 2014 and 2017 in a sample of the general population of Lausanne, prevalence of chronic obstruction was 3,8 %, of reversible obstruction 2,5 % and of possible restriction 2,2 %. These numbers are lower than in other population studies. Men had more abnormal spirometry results than women, and ever-smokers more than never-smokers. Two thirds of participants with chronic obstruction, most of which without respiratory symptoms, were not aware of any lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Service de médecine interne, Département de Médecine - Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois (CHUV) et Université de Lausanne, Lausanne
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Underner M, Perriot J, Peiffer G. [From reducing tobacco consumption to stopping completely, what accompaniment?]. Rev Infirm 2019; 68:40-42. [PMID: 31870480 DOI: 10.1016/j.revinf.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Reducing tobacco consumption does not reduce the risk of mortality and morbidity associated with pathologies caused by smoking. It should therefore only be a transitional step towards a complete stop. Caregivers will encourage the use of smoking cessation medication that avoid the phenomenon of compensation and promote complete cessation of smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Underner
- Consultation de tabacologie, unité de recherche clinique, centre hospitalier Henri-Laborit, 370 avenue Jacques-Cœur, CS 10587, 86021 Poitiers Cedex, France.
| | - Jean Perriot
- Dispensaire Émile-Roux, centre de tabacologie, 11 rue Vaucanson 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Gérard Peiffer
- Service de pneumologie, CHR 1 allée du château CS45001 57085 Metz cedex 3 France
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12
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Lima TRD, González-Chica DA, Moreno YMF, Silva DAS. Healthy lifestyle moderates the relationship between cardiovascular disease with blood pressure, body composition, carotid intima-media thickness, and glycated hemoglobin among adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:539-546. [PMID: 31644883 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We investigate whether the adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations (regular physical activity, healthy diet, reduced alcohol consumption, nonsmoking) moderates the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors (obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension) with clinical variables among adults. This cross-sectional population-based study comprised 862 adults (39.3 ± 11.4 years, 46.4% men) from Florianópolis, Brazil. Clinical variables were systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat, muscular strength, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), high sensitive C-reactive protein, and lipid and glucose metabolism markers. Multiple linear regression adjusted for confounding factors was used. Reduced IMT and HbA1c were observed in males with CVD or its risk factors who adopted healthy lifestyle recommendations (p < 0.001), and lower SBP levels were observed in females without CVD or its risk factors (p = 0.034). Females with CVD or its risk factors who followed healthy lifestyle recommendations showed higher BMI (p = 0.035). Adherence to number of healthy lifestyle recommendations moderated cardiovascular health in adults with CVD and without CVD. Novelty The adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations moderated the relationship between IMT and HbA1c with CVD or its risk factors among males. The lower values of SBP among females without CVD or its risk factors were moderated by the adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Rodrigues de Lima
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | | | - Yara Maria Franco Moreno
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
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Abstract
Smoking is associated with endothelial and left ventricular diastolic disfunction. We aimed to determine the endothelial and diastolic function in young adults exposed to tobacco smoke and the effects of acute exposure to it. Smokers were considered as cases and non-smokers as controls. Brachial artery diameter, brachial artery flow velocity, and echocardiographic variables were measured. Mean age of the participants was 21 years. Smokers showed significant endothelial dysfunction compared with non-smokers. Arterial dilation mediated by the endothelium was significantly higher in non-smokers than in smokers (p = 0.005). Non-endothelium-mediated arterial dilation was significantly impaired in smokers compared with non-smokers (p = 0.02). After reactive hyperaemia, there was a significant increase in blood flow in non-smokers (61%) compared with that in smokers (29%). Acute cigarette exposure showed a trend towards left ventricle diastolic disfunction in smokers. Left atrium diameter was significantly higher in smokers than in non-smokers. After acute exposure to cigarette smoke, arterial dilation and brachial flow velocity were lower than those achieved in the abstinence phase (p = 0.005). We concluded that endothelium-dependent arterial dilation is impaired in young smokers and it worsens even after acute exposure to cigarette smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelen Rodriguez-Portelles
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Delfin Rodriguez-Leyva
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
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Tudrej B, Collin T, Reif C, Birault F, Jacquelin J, Vanderkam P. [Relevancy and efficacy of advanced nursing practice in private practice to promote smoking cessation]. Rev Infirm 2019; 68:32-34. [PMID: 31208597 DOI: 10.1016/j.revinf.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Raising awareness of the harmful effects of smoking on health and supporting smokers who wish to quit are important public health challenges. The involvement of nurses in these specific healthcare actions targeting the motivation to change seems to be a promising approach as revealed by a study summarised in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Tudrej
- Maison de santé pluriprofessionnelle universitaire des Couronneries, 115, rue des Couronneries, 86000 Poitiers, France; Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, département de médecine générale, université de Poitiers, 6, rue de la Milétrie, 86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Thimothée Collin
- Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, département de médecine générale, université de Poitiers, 6, rue de la Milétrie, 86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Claire Reif
- Maison de santé pluriprofessionnelle universitaire des Couronneries, 115, rue des Couronneries, 86000 Poitiers, France; Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, département de médecine générale, université de Poitiers, 6, rue de la Milétrie, 86073 Poitiers, France
| | - François Birault
- Maison de santé pluriprofessionnelle universitaire des Couronneries, 115, rue des Couronneries, 86000 Poitiers, France; Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, département de médecine générale, université de Poitiers, 6, rue de la Milétrie, 86073 Poitiers, France
| | - Jérôme Jacquelin
- Maison de santé pluriprofessionnelle universitaire des Couronneries, 115, rue des Couronneries, 86000 Poitiers, France.
| | - Paul Vanderkam
- Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, département de médecine générale, université de Poitiers, 6, rue de la Milétrie, 86073 Poitiers, France
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15
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Abstract
Une personne qui arrête de fumer passe par cinq stades de maturation de la décision et par le stade, facultatif, de rechute. L'évaluation de la motivation à l'arrêt à l'aide d'autoquestionnaires simples et rapides est recommandée. À chaque stade, le soignant peut et doit aider le fumeur à faire face aux éventuelles difficultés, en utilisant les techniques des thérapies cognitives et comportementales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Underner
- Consultation de tabacologie, Unité de recherche clinique, centre hospitalier Henri-Laborit, 370, avenue Jacques-Cœur, 86021 Poitiers, France.
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16
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Menecier P, Moscato A, Fernandez L. [Old age and smoking]. Soins Gerontol 2017; 22:32-34. [PMID: 28224961 DOI: 10.1016/j.sger.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Elderly people today have seen a radical change in the image of smokers over the last half century. While once it was approved, it is now demonised. Although smoking declines with age, there are still many elderly smokers. The risks and harm of smoking remain, even in old age. An individual choice to start with, smoking becomes a collective issue in a nursing home. Stopping smoking always brings benefits, even after the age of 80.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Menecier
- Centre hospitalier de Mâcon, boulevard Louis-Escande, 71018 Mâcon cedex, France; Institut de psychologie, Université Lyon 2, 5 avenue Pierre-Mendès-France, Campus Porte des Alpes, 69500 Bron, France.
| | - Alba Moscato
- Laboratoire de psychopathologie et processus de santé, Institut universitaire Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 71 avenue Édouard-Vaillant, 92774 Boulogne-Billancourt cedex, France
| | - Lydia Fernandez
- Institut de psychologie, Université Lyon 2, 5 avenue Pierre-Mendès-France, Campus Porte des Alpes, 69500 Bron, France
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Wilmshurst S. "Tobacco Truths": Health Magazine, Clinical Epidemiology, and the Cigarette Connection. Can Bull Med Hist 2015; 32:163-180. [PMID: 28155448 DOI: 10.3138/cbmh.32.1.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the 1950s, Health, a magazine published by the Health League of Canada, was nonchalant about the risks of smoking and largely ignored early epidemiological studies of lung cancer. In the 1960s the magazine stopped accepting cigarette advertising and began to oppose smoking. Health's writers adjusted to new knowledge; the magazine gradually accepted clinical epidemiology as a source of medical knowledge and recognized smoking as a public health risk. As Canada's only devoted health publication for a lay audience at the time, Health provides a unique window into ways that smoking and health were portrayed to its readers.
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Leroux C, Brazeau AS, Gingras V, Desjardins K, Strychar I, Rabasa-Lhoret R. Lifestyle and cardiometabolic risk in adults with type 1 diabetes: a review. Can J Diabetes 2014; 38:62-9. [PMID: 24485215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.08.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, there has been a major upward shift in the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors (central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia) in patients with type 1 diabetes, which could have either an additive or a synergistic effect on risk for cardiovascular disease. These metabolic changes are occurring in parallel to the worldwide obesity epidemic and the widespread use of intensive insulin therapy. Poor lifestyle habits (poor diet quality, sedentary behaviours and smoking) are known to be driving factors for increased CMR factors in the general population. The objective of this review is to explore the lifestyle habits of adults with type 1 diabetes and its potential association with CMR factors. Evidence suggests that adherence to dietary guidelines is low in subjects with type 1 diabetes with a high prevalence of patients consuming an atherogenic diet. Sedentary habits are also more prevalent than in the general population, possibly because of the additional contribution of exercise-induced hypoglycemic fear. Moreover, the prevalence of smokers is still significant in the population with type 1 diabetes. All of these behaviours could trigger a cascade of metabolic anomalies that may contribute to increased CMR factors in patients with type 1 diabetes. The intensification of insulin treatment leading to new daily challenges (e.g. carbohydrates counting, increase of hypoglycemia) could contribute to the adoption of poor lifestyle habits. Preventive measures, such as identification of patients at high risk and promotion of lifestyle changes, should be encouraged. The most appropriate therapeutic measures remain to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Leroux
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Véronique Gingras
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Katherine Desjardins
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Irene Strychar
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; University of Montreal Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rémi Rabasa-Lhoret
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Sangho H, Keïta AS, Kodio A, Tayeb MM, Keïta HD, Cissé MO, Koné K, Guindo MT, Diarra FY, Danioko Y. [Smoking at school in a commune of Bamako, Mali]. Mali Med 2014; 29:40-44. [PMID: 30049140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy smoking causes 4 million deaths worldwide, more than 70% being in the developing countries. The purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of heavy smoking and to identify the factors which influence it in school settings in Bamako. We carried out a cross-sectional investigation in April 2009, in 8 randomly selected schools in a town of Bamako, with a sample of 328 pupils over 11 years of age. The investigation included 328 pupils, among them, 72.3% were boys. The age of the pupils varied between 12 and 23 years. The age group 12-15 ans was the most represented with 66.2%. It appears that 47.6% of the pupils smoked cigarettes at least once. We found that 14% of the pupils (46/328), all boys, were regular smokers. Among these heavy smokers, 37% smoked more than 5 cigarettes per day and 52% had consumption period of more than 12 months. The factors supporting the heavy smoking were: father smoker (22.56%), other family member smoker (56.4%), smoker teachers (52.7%). The main motivations which pushed the pupils to smoke were promiscuity (63%) pleasure (22%) and snobbery (13%). While 85.9% of the pupils knew the harmfulness of the tobacco, 38.7% learned it at school, but 76,5% were unaware of the existence of a law on tobacco sale and consumption in Mali. The prevalence of heavy smoking among pupils was of 14% in an inciting environment. We recommend intensifying the communication for behavior change and applying the tobacco law.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamadoun Sangho
- Centre de recherche d'études et de documentation pour la survie de l'enfant (CREDOS), BP2109, Bamako, Mali , E-mail: , ; Tel: (223) 66 72 80 33/ (223) 20 21 21 52
| | - Assa Sidibé Keïta
- Centre de recherche d'études et de documentation pour la survie de l'enfant (CREDOS), BP2109, Bamako, Mali , E-mail: , ; Tel: (223) 66 72 80 33/ (223) 20 21 21 52
| | - Ahamed Kodio
- Centre de recherche d'études et de documentation pour la survie de l'enfant (CREDOS), BP2109, Bamako, Mali , E-mail: , ; Tel: (223) 66 72 80 33/ (223) 20 21 21 52
| | - Moulkher Mint Tayeb
- Centre de recherche d'études et de documentation pour la survie de l'enfant (CREDOS), BP2109, Bamako, Mali , E-mail: , ; Tel: (223) 66 72 80 33/ (223) 20 21 21 52
| | - Haoua Dembélé Keïta
- Centre de recherche d'études et de documentation pour la survie de l'enfant (CREDOS), BP2109, Bamako, Mali , E-mail: , ; Tel: (223) 66 72 80 33/ (223) 20 21 21 52
| | - Mamadou Oumar Cissé
- Centre de recherche d'études et de documentation pour la survie de l'enfant (CREDOS), BP2109, Bamako, Mali , E-mail: , ; Tel: (223) 66 72 80 33/ (223) 20 21 21 52
| | - Kassoum Koné
- Centre de recherche d'études et de documentation pour la survie de l'enfant (CREDOS), BP2109, Bamako, Mali , E-mail: , ; Tel: (223) 66 72 80 33/ (223) 20 21 21 52
| | - Mariam Traoré Guindo
- Centre de recherche d'études et de documentation pour la survie de l'enfant (CREDOS), BP2109, Bamako, Mali , E-mail: , ; Tel: (223) 66 72 80 33/ (223) 20 21 21 52
| | - Fatimata Yarro Diarra
- Centre de recherche d'études et de documentation pour la survie de l'enfant (CREDOS), BP2109, Bamako, Mali , E-mail: , ; Tel: (223) 66 72 80 33/ (223) 20 21 21 52
| | - Yacouba Danioko
- Centre de recherche d'études et de documentation pour la survie de l'enfant (CREDOS), BP2109, Bamako, Mali , E-mail: , ; Tel: (223) 66 72 80 33/ (223) 20 21 21 52
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20
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Clarke MP, Coughlin JR. Prevalence of smoking among the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, transgender and queer (LGBTTQ) subpopulations in Toronto--the Toronto Rainbow Tobacco Survey (TRTS). Can J Public Health 2012; 103:132-6. [PMID: 22530537 PMCID: PMC6974290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 03/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research in the United States has found a higher likelihood of smoking among lesbian, gay and bisexual people compared to the general population. However, the smoking prevalence of these subpopulations in Canada is not well documented. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of smoking among the LGBTTQ subpopulations in Toronto, Ontario. METHODS A self-report questionnaire was administered from April to July 2006 to a convenience sample of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, transgender and queer (LGBTTQ) community members in Toronto, Ontario. Items measured included: past and current smoking behaviour, sexual orientation, gender identity, age and residential area. RESULTS In total, 3,140 LGBTTQ community members completed the Toronto Rainbow Tobacco Survey (TRTS). Overall, 36% of LGBTTQ participants reported current smoking, 25% were former smokers and 39% had never smoked. The smoking prevalence rates ranged from 24% to 45% across the different sexual orientation and gender identity groups of the sample, with bisexual women and bisexual men reporting the highest smoking rate at 45%. The study also reports the first known smoking prevalence rate for gender queer people at 44%. Younger LGBTTQ participants reported even higher smoking rates. CONCLUSION This study corroborates prior research done in other jurisdictions by finding similar and higher smoking rates among Toronto's LGBTTQ subpopulations compared to the "mainstream" population. The relatively higher rates among LGBTTQ youth, bisexual and gender queer people have implications for targeted awareness and cessation initiatives. Need for future research is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Robert Coughlin
- Performance Management, Planning and Performance, Toronto Public Health, 277 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W2 Canada
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Mbatchou Ngahane BH, Luma H, Ndiaye M, Njankouo YM, Mbahe S, Wandji A, Temfack E, Mouelle Sone A, Dautzenberg B. [Prevalence of smoking among staff of the General Hospital of Douala, Cameroon]. Pan Afr Med J 2012; 11:25. [PMID: 22514759 PMCID: PMC3325063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction La prévalence du tabagisme parmi le personnel de santé hospitalier au Cameroun n'est pas connue alors que le tabagisme est en expansion dans ce pays avec 13,2% de fumeurs selon l'OMS. Pour combler ce manque une enquête sur les consommations, les connaissances, opinions et attitudes vis-à-vis des fumeurs a été conduite à l'Hôpital Général de Douala, l'un des hôpitaux de référence du Cameroun. Méthodes Du 1er au 30 Avril 2010, des questionnaires anonymes ont été distribués par des enquêteurs dans les services ou via les surveillants et recueillis et analysés de façon anonyme. Résultats Sur 402 questionnaires distribués 277 ont été récupérés. La prévalence de fumeurs est de 3,6% parmi les soignants et de 9,4% parmi les autres personnels soit en moyenne sur l'ensemble de l'hôpital 5,4%. Les produits fumés étaient toujours des cigarettes. L'initiation du tabagisme à souvent été tardive (21,5 ans) et la dépendance est absente ou faible chez 33% des fumeurs. Les personnes pensent que c'est leur devoir de questionner sur le tabac et de prendre en charge les fumeurs, mais ils sont presque un sur deux à ignorer la loi Camerounaise. Conclusion Le tabagisme chez le personnel hospitalier est une réalité au Cameroun; le personnel soignant et les pouvoirs publics devraient s'impliquer davantage dans la lutte contre ce fléau qui est en expansion dans les pays du sud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou Ngahane
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Général de Douala-Cameroun,Corresponding author: Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou Ngahane, Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Général de Douala-Cameroun, BP 3554 Douala, Cameroun
| | - Henry Luma
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Général de Douala-Cameroun
| | - Mor Ndiaye
- Service de Médecine du Travail, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar-Sénégal
| | | | - Salomon Mbahe
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Général de Douala-Cameroun
| | - Adeline Wandji
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Laquintinie de Douala-Cameroun
| | - Elvis Temfack
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Général de Douala-Cameroun
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Hutchinson PJ, Richardson CG, Bottorff JL. Emergent cigarette smoking, correlations with depression and interest in cessation among Aboriginal adolescents in British Columbia. Can J Public Health 2008; 99:418-22. [PMID: 19009929 PMCID: PMC6975642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2007] [Accepted: 02/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe smoking rates, age of initiation, and smoking cessation efforts among Aboriginal adolescent girls and boys in British Columbia, and examine the relationships between cigarette smoking and socio-demographic characteristics, depression and domains of life satisfaction. METHODS A secondary analysis was conducted of data collected from the British Columbia Youth Survey on Smoking and Health II measuring demographic and social factors, previous smoking experience, life satisfaction and depression. Data were analyzed from respondents who self-identified as Aboriginal, and by gender. Logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors for current cigarette smoking. RESULTS The average age of respondents was 15 years (SD=1.7) and 51% were female. Current cigarette smoking was 31%, with a mean age of initiation to smoking of 11 years (SD=3). On average, smokers consumed 3.8 cigarettes each day (SD=5.7), with most smokers (78%) reporting that they had seriously thought about quitting. More girls smoked than boys but girls smoked fewer cigarettes. As depression scores (CESD) increased, so did smoking among respondents; and as life satisfaction decreased, smoking increased. Having a best friend who smokes was the most powerful predictor of current smoking, increasing the odds of being a smoker by a factor of 5.9. DISCUSSION Although rates of tobacco smoking among respondents are high, there is considerable interest in cessation among current smokers. Recognizing that these youth are motivated to quit smoking, cessation programs may increase success by addressing peer smoking in prevention and cessation initiatives and including culturally appropriate strategies to promote mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Hutchinson
- Faculty of Health and Social Development Univeristy of British Columbia Okanagan.
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Lacroix C, Auger N. [Beauty and smoking: the utilization of public health programs in the prevention of tobacco use disorders]. Can J Public Health 2007; 98:400-401. [PMID: 17985683 PMCID: PMC6975607 DOI: 10.1007/bf03405427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2006] [Accepted: 02/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Research in tobacco prevention is increasingly showing that anti-smoking campaigns aimed at youth work. However, not all interventions are effective, and some have had unintended harmful effects, even to the point of increasing tobacco use by youth. In this commentary, we discuss potentials risks associated with interventions poorly supported by the evidence, using the example of tobacco prevention campaigns that focus on the effects of smoking on beauty. We conclude with two points: 1) the importance of using strategies based on evidence, and 2) the importance of rigorous evaluation of innovative strategies.
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