1
|
Quaglia V, Terraneo M, Tognetti M. Perceived ethnic discrimination as a determinant of migrants’ health in Italy. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/imig.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mara Tognetti
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wickrama KAS, Klopack ET, O’Neal CW. Husbands’ and wives’ stressful work, couple BMI dynamics, and later-life physical health. Stress Health 2020; 36:507-521. [PMID: 32369269 PMCID: PMC8356026 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has not adequately investigated the persistent influence of stressful work experiences, particularly person-work mismatch (PWM), on later-life physical health outcomes of working husbands and wives. Using prospective data collected from 235 working husbands and wives over a period of 27 years (1991-2017), this study examined PWM in early middle years (40-50 years of age) and body mass index (BMI) trajectories in mid-later years (50-65 years of age) in a dyadic actor-partner interdependence modelling framework. Results showed PWM in early middle years was related to BMI trajectories in mid-later years, which contributed to multiple physical health outcomes in later life. Spouses' PWM influenced not only their BMI trajectories but also their partners' BMI trajectories, providing evidence for partner effects. This couple-level BMI process over the mid-later years was related to spouses' physical health in later years. Husbands' elevated BMI level resulted in adverse physical health outcomes. In contrast, for wives, it was the change in BMI over time that resulted in adverse physical health outcomes in their later years. These findings are particularly important for couple-focused family interventions as they highlight the need to consider couple-level lifestyle and behavioural factors that can safeguard spouses from the negative health consequences of PWM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric T. Klopack
- Department of Sociology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Catherine W. O’Neal
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Weber S, Jud A, Landolt MA. Quality of life in maltreated children and adult survivors of child maltreatment: a systematic review. Qual Life Res 2015; 25:237-255. [PMID: 26245708 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-015-1085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To review data on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with childhood trauma, including psychological maltreatment, physical maltreatment, sexual abuse, and neglect. METHODS The literature search was conducted with pre-defined keywords using the following electronic bibliographic databases: EMBASE, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsyINFO, PSYNDEX, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Further databases were searched for relevant dissertations. Study selection and data extraction were completed by two independent reviewers. RESULTS The literature search yielded 1568 entries. Nineteen articles met all inclusion criteria and were retained for further analysis. Findings quite consistently showed significant negative associations between child maltreatment and both self- and proxy-rated HRQoL. Effect sizes range from small to large. Number of types of maltreatment and HRQoL were found to be negatively related. CONCLUSION Data on HRQoL for maltreated children are still rare. Studies often investigate adult survivors of child maltreatment. Considering HRQoL in children and adolescents who suffered maltreatment would allow the planning of effective interventions and the evaluation of treatments to improve HRQoL of these children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Weber
- Child Protection Group, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Jud
- Child Protection Group, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M A Landolt
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Department of Child and Adolescent Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kroenke CH, Kubzansky LD, Adler N, Kawachi I. Prospective change in health-related quality of life and subsequent mortality among middle-aged and older women. Am J Public Health 2008; 98:2085-91. [PMID: 18511734 PMCID: PMC2636439 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2007.114041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to determine prospective changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures and subsequent mortality in middle-aged and older women. METHODS We obtained data from 40 337 healthy women from the Nurses' Health Study aged 46 to 71 years in 1992. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate associations of changes in self-assessed physical and mental component summary (PCS and MCS) scores from the Short Form 36 Health Survey between 1992 and 1996 and between 1996 and 2000, with all-cause mortality through 2004. RESULTS Women with low HRQoL (PCS and MCS scores) and the greatest HRQoL declines had higher mortality than did women with stable scores. Change in PCS score predicted mortality across the range of 4-year change: severe decline (relative risk [RR] = 3.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.45, 4.50), moderate decline (RR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.16, 1.79), slight decline (RR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.12, 1.63), no change (reference category), improvement (RR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.56, 0.91; continuous P < .001). MCS score results were similar. Score increases were associated with lifestyle improvements, especially increased physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Observed associations demonstrate the predictive validity of changes in self-assessed HRQoL for subsequent mortality in healthy populations. Future research should examine determinants of patterns of change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Candyce H Kroenke
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The quality of life (QOL) of patients with ventricular dysrhythmias is well studied, but less is known about the QOL of their partners. This study describes the QOL of partners of patients with serious ventricular dysrhythmias enrolled in the Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators trial. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A convenience sample of 124 partners of patients randomized to antiarrhythmic drugs (n = 59) or an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (n = 65) in the Antiarrhythmics versus Implantable Defibrillators trial was obtained. The Short Form-36 and Quality of Life Index were assessed at baseline (postrandomization) and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The mean age of the partners was 62 years. Most were white and female. Their mean Short Form-36 scores were comparable to a normative age group. Partner and participant mean Short Form-36 and Quality of Life Index scores correlated modestly (range 0.25-0.36). The physical summary scores of partners using the Short Form-36 declined over time, whereas their mental summary scores remained stable. Partner concerns related to death, dysrhythmia recurrence, and the impact of dysrhythmias on enjoyment of life lessened from baseline to 12 months. Concern about implantable cardioverter defibrillator function remained stable over time. Although the sample size of this study was relatively small and limited by missing data for some assessments, it is the largest prospective study of QOL in partners of patients with serious dysrhythmias. The results offer a foundation for future research of the partners of patients with serious dysrhythmias in terms of identifying their needs, offering support, and maximizing QOL.
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Past research has indicated that child abuse is related to mental and physical health conditions and that mental and physical health conditions are related to decreased health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, little is known about the independent relationship between child abuse and HRQOL. For the current analysis, data were from the nationally representative Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study. Multiple linear regression analyses tested the relationships between child abuse and current HRQOL (SF-36) after adjusting for the effects of sociodemographic variables and numerous psychiatric disorders and physical health conditions. Neglect, psychological abuse, physical abuse, severe sexual abuse, and number of types of child abuse experienced were associated with reduced mental HRQOL. Psychological abuse, physical abuse, and number of types of child abuse experienced were associated with reduced physical HRQOL. Child abuse is an important determinant of HRQOL. The ability to successfully reduce the occurrence of child abuse or provide early intervention after child abuse occurs may help to improve HRQOL in the general population.
Collapse
|
7
|
Hewitt J. Critical evaluation of the use of research tools in evaluating quality of life for people with schizophrenia. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2007; 16:2-14. [PMID: 17229269 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2006.00438.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia may lead to impairments in many aspects of life, including physical, cognitive, and role functioning. The subjective quality of life of people with schizophrenia has been shown to be lower than in the general population and appropriate patient-assessed health outcome measures are necessary to capture the distress and disability experienced by people living with a serious mental illness. Although psychiatry has been slow to become involved in quality of life measurement, the use of quality of life instruments has now been recognized as a means of evaluating the outcome of care interventions, in terms of symptoms and functioning. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of two widely used instruments: The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and The Lancashire Quality of Life Profile (LQoLP) in terms of reliability and validity in measuring the quality of life of people with schizophrenia. The LQoLP appeared to be best suited for evaluation of care programmes, whereas the SF-36 was more appropriate for medical trials, comparisons between patient groups, and assessment of the direct consequences of treatment on health and function. Subjective quality of life should, however, be considered to be distinct from clinical status and quality of life assessment should include the broadest range of indicators, to reflect the holistic ethos of mental health nursing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Hewitt
- Centre for Mental Health Studies, School of Health Science, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea, South Wales, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fry PS, Debats DL. Sources of life strengths as predictors of late-life mortality and survivorship. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2006; 62:303-34. [PMID: 16739467 DOI: 10.2190/3vat-d77g-vcnq-6t61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the research was to determine within a single study the extent to which demographic factors, self-rated-health and psychosocial factors present the strongest risks or benefits to older adults' mortality in the course of a 5.9-year longitudinal follow-up. The initial sample of 732 individuals was drawn randomly from the registry listings of four municipal branch offices of the Social Services and Community Associations for seniors in Southern Alberta. The final recruitment of 380 participants was based on a representative sample of elders who volunteered participation. A three-part Cox regression analyses model of predictor variables, controlling for age and subsequently controlling for self-rated health and self-rated physical functioning, was implemented to study gender differences in a number of socio-demographic and psychosocial factors, including individuals' sources of internal strengths. As hypothesized, individuals' sources of internal strengths (i.e., Perceptions of Self -Efficacy, Internal Control, Personal Maturity, Personal Commitments, and Social Engagement) are central to the prediction of mortality of both men and women. For men lower education and low levels of perceived internal control, personal commitment, and physical functioning are associated with the greatest threat to mortality but these factors are largely inconsequential for women's survival. By contrast, low levels of perceived social support and social engagement present the greatest risk to women's mortality. Implications of the findings are discussed with respect to factors that contribute to late-life longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prem S Fry
- Graduate Psychology Program, Trinity Western University, Langley, BC, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pfeiffer BM, Nübling M, Siebert HR, Schädel-Höpfner M. A prospective multi-center cohort study of acute non-displaced fractures of the scaphoid: operative versus non-operative treatment [NCT00205985]. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2006; 7:41. [PMID: 16689987 PMCID: PMC1475583 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-7-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2006] [Accepted: 05/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute scaphoid fractures are common in active adults and do lead to reasonable time lost to work. One important goal of treatment is early return to work or sport. On this background, the adequate treatment of non-displaced acute scaphoid fractures is still under discussion. The aim of this study is to compare time to return to previous activity level comparing surgical versus non-surgical treatment of non-displaced acute scaphoid fractures. METHODS/DESIGN The study is designed as a non-randomized multiple center cohort study including 12 sites in Germany and Austria. The inclusion period is planned to be 12 months with a follow up of 6 months. Allocation to operative or non-operative treatment is chosen by the patient together with his treating surgeon. The primary outcome is time to return to previous activity level adapted for loading of the wrist in daily life as measured by a newly developed questionnaire (PLDL-wrist). Factors identified a priori to be associated with the outcome, e.g., poverty status, age, education, smoking status, gender, and occupation, are measured to ensure adequate control for their potential confounding effects. DISCUSSION The rationale and the design of a multiple center cohort study are presented. As it is not considered feasible to randomize patients in this study, potential confounding effects need to be controlled adequately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris M Pfeiffer
- AO Clinical Investigation and Documentation, Clavadelerstrasse 8, CH-7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Nübling
- FFAS, Freiburg research centre for occupational and social medicine, Bertoldstrasse 27, D-79098 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut R Siebert
- Department of Hand-, Plastic- and Trauma Surgery, Diakonie-Krankenhaus, Postfach 10 06 54, D-74523 Schwäbisch Hall, Germany
| | - Michael Schädel-Höpfner
- Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, University Hospital, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
VanderZee KI, Sanderman R, Heyink JW, de Haes H. Psychometric qualities of the RAND 36-Item Health Survey 1.0: a multidimensional measure of general health status. Int J Behav Med 2006; 3:104-22. [PMID: 16250758 DOI: 10.1207/s15327558ijbm0302_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 381] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K I VanderZee
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Comijs HC, Dik MG, Aartsen MJ, Deeg DJH, Jonker C. The impact of change in cognitive functioning and cognitive decline on disability, well-being, and the use of healthcare services in older persons. Results of Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2005; 19:316-23. [PMID: 15785032 DOI: 10.1159/000084557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the impact of change in cognitive functioning and cognitive decline on disability, well-being, and the use of healthcare services among older persons in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA). Data were collected from 1,349 subjects, aged 65-85 years, who had scores of 24 and higher on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at baseline, over a period of 6 years in three waves. The results indicate that cognitive decline and changes in cognitive functioning in older persons who were either not impaired or only mildly cognitively impaired at baseline have an impact on disability, well-being, and the use of healthcare services. With the aging of the population, the number of persons with cognitive impairment is likely to increase, and appropriate services should be available to them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannie C Comijs
- Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Deeg DJH, Huizink AC, Comijs HC, Smid T. Disaster and associated changes in physical and mental health in older residents. Eur J Public Health 2005; 15:170-4. [PMID: 15755778 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cki126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term health consequences of disasters have not been studied extensively, one reason amongst others is that no pre-disaster observation is available. This study focuses on an aeroplane crash on an Amsterdam suburb. The ongoing Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam has one pre-disaster and several post-disaster observations, making it possible to study changes in health, taking pre-disaster health characteristics into account. METHODS Three exposure groups are distinguished: those living within a radius of 1 km from the disaster (initial n=39), those living between a radius of 1 and 2 km from the disaster (initial n=56), and those living in the rest of the city of Amsterdam (initial n=508). Health measures include general health, health in comparison with age peers, functional limitations, disability and cognitive functioning. These measures are based on self-ratings, interviewer observations, or both. RESULTS Older persons living closest to the disaster area are likely to experience health decline in the wake of a disaster, over and above the health decline that would occur normally with aging. The disaster-associated health decline is small, and most obvious in the ability to perform actions (such as mobility), but is not observed in either disability in daily functioning, nor in self-perceptions of health. Cognitive functioning even shows a short-term improvement. CONCLUSION These findings suggest substantial resilience in older adults, despite their common health problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorly J H Deeg
- Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kroenke CH, Rosner B, Chen WY, Kawachi I, Colditz GA, Holmes MD. Functional impact of breast cancer by age at diagnosis. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22:1849-56. [PMID: 15143077 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.04.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore changes in physical and psychosocial function before and after breast cancer by age at diagnosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 122,969 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHS 2, ages 29 to 71 years, who responded to pre- and postfunctional status assessments were included; 1,082 women were diagnosed with breast cancer between 1992 and 1997. Functional status was measured using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36). Mean change in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores was computed across categories representing the combination of incident breast cancer (yes or no) and age at diagnosis (< or = 40, 41 to 64, or 65+ years). RESULTS Compared with women < or = 40 years without breast cancer, women with breast cancer experienced significant functional declines. Young (age < or = 40) women who developed breast cancer experienced the largest relative declines in HRQoL (as compared with middle-aged and elderly women) in multiple domains including physical roles (-18.8 v -11.5 and -7.5 points, respectively), bodily pain (-9.0 v -2.7 and -2.7 points), social functioning (-11.3 v -4.3 and -4.4 points) and mental health (-3.1 v 0.0 and +0.4 points). Much of the decline in HRQoL among elderly (age > or = 65) women with breast cancer was age related. CONCLUSION Young women may fare worse than middle-aged or elderly women in both physical and psychosocial dimensions after breast cancer diagnosis. The needs of women facing breast cancer may be better understood within a life stage framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Candyce H Kroenke
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Deeg DJH, Kriegsman DMW. Concepts of self-rated health: specifying the gender difference in mortality risk. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2003; 43:376-86; discussion 372-5. [PMID: 12810902 DOI: 10.1093/geront/43.3.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study addresses the question of how the relation between self-rated health (SRH) and mortality differs between genders. In addition to the general question, four specific concepts of SRH are distinguished: SRH in comparison with age peers, SRH in comparison with one's own health 10 years ago, and current and future health perceptions. For these concepts, the gender-specific risks of mortality were evaluated for a short and a longer follow-up period. DESIGN AND METHODS Baseline and mortality data from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (N = 1917, initial ages 55-85 years) were used. Mortality risks were evaluated in Cox regression models at 3 and 7.5 years of follow-up, both adjusted for age and for sociodemographic characteristics, indicators of functional and mental health, lifestyle, and social involvement. All SRH measures were scaled from 1 (positive) to 5 (negative). RESULTS Baseline correlations between SRH concepts were similar for men and women. After 3 years, 12% of the men and 7% of the women had died; after 7.5 years, these percentages were 27 and 15, respectively. In fully adjusted models, current health perceptions predicted 3-year mortality in men (risk ratio of 1.33). At 7.5 years, mortality in men was predicted by current health perceptions and by SRH compared with age peers (risk ratios of 1.25 and 1.23, respectively). In women, no SRH concept predicted either 3-year or 7.5-year mortality. IMPLICATIONS SRH was a predictor of mortality only in men, not in women. The gender difference showed most clearly at longer follow-up, in the SRH concept "comparison with age peers."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorly J H Deeg
- Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jamieson M, Wilcox S, Webster W, Blackhurst D, Valois RF, Durstine JL. Factors influencing health-related quality of life in cardiac rehabilitation patients. PROGRESS IN CARDIOVASCULAR NURSING 2002; 17:124-31, 154. [PMID: 12091761 DOI: 10.1111/j.0889-7204.2002.01380.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Associations of age, gender, cardiac procedure (coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty), risk stratification, and number of comorbidities with health-related quality of life (HRQL) were examined among 217 men and 84 women (mean age, 63+/-11 years) consecutively enrolled in a phase II cardiac rehabilitation program. Female gender and high-risk stratification were independently associated with impaired treatment gains in most areas of HRQL. Older age and having a greater number of comorbidities were also associated with impaired gains in specific areas. HRQL was generally lower at baseline but not post-treatment in coronary artery bypass grafting vs. percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty patients. Cardiac rehabilitation patients also had lower HRQL scores than an age-matched, normative sample at baseline (most areas) and post-treatment (mainly on role physical). Findings reinforce the need for cardiac rehabilitation programs to tailor assessments and risk factor modification strategies to patient characteristics associated with low levels of HRQL, especially in women and those with higher risk stratification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Jamieson
- Department of Exercise Science, Norman J. Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Beekman ATF, Penninx BWJH, Deeg DJH, de Beurs E, Geerling SW, van Tilburg W. The impact of depression on the well-being, disability and use of services in older adults: a longitudinal perspective. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2002; 105:20-7. [PMID: 12086221 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0447.2002.10078.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the impact of depression on the wellbeing, disability and use of health services of older adults. METHOD Prospective community-based study, using a large (n = 2,200) sample of the elderly (55-85) in the Netherlands. Using a 3-year follow-up, the effect of depressive symptoms (CES-D) on disability, wellbeing and service utilization was assessed, controlling for competing need-for-care (chronic physical illness, functional limitation and cognitive decline), enabling (partner status, size of the social network, social support and locus of control), and predisposing factors (age, sex and level of education). RESULTS Depressive symptoms have considerable impact on the wellbeing and disability of older people and clear economic consequences caused by inappropriate service utilization. Compared with other need-for-care variables the impact of depression is weaker (service utilization), similar (disability) or stronger (wellbeing). CONCLUSION The steeply rising prevalence of competing health risks in later life does not influence the significance of depression.
Collapse
|
17
|
Lewis RJ, Friedlander BR, Bhojani FA, Schorr WP, Salatich PG, Lawhorn EG. Reliability and validity of an occupational health history questionnaire. J Occup Environ Med 2002; 44:39-47. [PMID: 11802464 DOI: 10.1097/00043764-200201000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the reliability and validity of a self-administered occupational health history questionnaire. Reliability was evaluated using a test-retest study design based on 123 volunteers (56% participation rate) who were administered the questionnaire approximately 1 month apart. Validity and general acceptability was evaluated in a clinical setting through in-depth clinician interviews of 25 patients. The interviews assessed patients' understanding of and sensitivities to questions and degree of adherence to initial responses after discussing questions with clinicians. All but one question related to repetitive motion exposures showed 84% or higher agreement. Clinician interviews of patients indicated that most questions were well understood, although some patients misinterpreted questions regarding pregnancy history, repetitive motion, and immunization history. Overall, our results suggest that the questionnaire is highly reliable, valid, and acceptable to both clinicians and employees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Jeffrey Lewis
- ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc, 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, NJ 08801, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Millward LM, Kelly P, Deacon A, Senior V, Peters TJ. Self-rated psychosocial consequences and quality of life in the acute porphyrias. J Inherit Metab Dis 2001; 24:733-47. [PMID: 11804210 DOI: 10.1023/a:1012901607040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A battery of self-report psychosocial measures was mailed to 116 patients who had been referred for clinical management (clinic attenders) or laboratory diagnosis (non-clinic attenders) to the London Supraregional Assay Service Centre for Porphyria over the past decade and who tested positive for porphyria. Usable replies were received from 81 (70%) patients. Our interest focused on the prevalence of psychosocial symptoms in acute porphyrias and the perceived effects of porphyria on quality of life and patient experience. Research questions examined included (i), lifestyle factors; (ii) life events; (iii) mental health; (iv) general health; and (v) perceptions of illness of patients receiving specialist clinical management compared to respondents referred for diagnostic investigations, between patients with latent or manifest symptomology and between patients with different types of porphyria. Patients with porphyria have an impaired quality of life, particularly manifest cases, compared to controls and to diabetic patients. Depression, and particularly anxiety, is more common than in the general population or general medical outpatient attenders. Quality oflife is lower in acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) than in other forms of porphyria and a significant number of patients had major life event consequences, e.g. failure to secure, or loss of, employment, limitation of family size. Patients attending a clinic providing specialist porphyria advice, management and counselling received some perceived lifestyle benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L M Millward
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, GKT School of Medicine, King's College, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wilson D, Parsons J, Tucker G. The SF-36 summary scales: problems and solutions. SOZIAL- UND PRAVENTIVMEDIZIN 2001; 45:239-46. [PMID: 11210594 DOI: 10.1007/bf01591686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To determine the accuracy of the SF-36 summary mental and physical health scales in reflecting their underlying subscales using the traditional method of scoring based on factor coefficients derived through principle components analysis and orthogonal rotation. A representative Australian population survey containing the SF-36 was used to obtain factor coefficients from principle components analysis and orthogonal rotation for scoring the physical component summary (PCS) and the mental component summary (MCS) of the SF-36 in the traditional way. In addition two other methods were used to produce coefficients. The first method used maximum likelihood extraction and oblique rotation. The second method fit a structural equation model to the data in a confirmatory factor analysis. The coefficients derived by each of the methods were applied to the data of a second representative population survey. This survey also provided data on physical and mental health status which allowed comparison of the summary scores and underlying subscales according to various health states. Neither of the scoring methods based on the exploratory factor analyses methods (orthogonal and oblique) produced summary scale scores, by age group, that adequately reflected the underlying subscales. When coefficients derived using structural equation modeling were fit to the data in a confirmatory factor analysis the MCS and PCS accurately reflected their underlying subscale scores. They also produced MCS and PCS scores for the various health states as would be expected from the underlying subscales. The traditional methods of scoring the SF-36 summary scales produce results that would not be expected from the underlying subscales. The problem was only corrected by fitting a structural equation model to the data in a confirmatory factor analysis. The results advise caution in the use of the SF-36 summary scales and suggests that alternative methods of developing factor coefficients need to be employed in studies using the SF-36 summary scales.
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to ascertain the prevalence of the number and severity of vertebral deformities in elderly people and determine the extent to which these are associated with several aspects of functioning. The study was conducted in a subsample of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) consisting of 527 participants (260 men and 267 women), aged 65 years or over. Lateral radiographs of the spine (T4-L5) were made of each participant and a semiquantitative method was used to assess the number and degree of vertebral deformities. The prevalence of having at least one vertebral deformity was 39% in both men and women. Six percent of the men and 5% of the women had at least three vertebral deformities. For severe deformities, the prevalence was 8% in men and 12% in women. The number of vertebral deformities was significantly associated with a height loss of more than 5 cm, difficulties in activities of daily living, poor performance, more than 3 days in bed and more than 3 days with limited activities because of health problems in the past month, and poor self-perceived health. For most of these outcome measures, associations were strongest when three or more deformities were present. The presence of a severe deformity was associated with a height loss of more than 5 cm, poor performance, more than 3 days with limited activities in the past month, and poor self-perceived health. None of the associations between number and severity of vertebral deformities and the level of functioning was modified by sex. We can conclude that vertebral deformities are very common in both older men and older women and that vertebral deformities, even if they are not clinically manifest, have a substantial impact on the level of functioning and well-being of older people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Pluijm
- Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine (EMGO-Institute), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG WOMEN WITH INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS. J Urol 2000. [DOI: 10.1097/00005392-200008000-00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
24
|
Bukstein DA. PRACTICAL APPROACH TO THE USE OF OUTCOMES IN ASTHMA. Radiol Clin North Am 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0033-8389(22)00249-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
25
|
McHorney CA, Tarlov AR. Individual-patient monitoring in clinical practice: are available health status surveys adequate? Qual Life Res 1995; 4:293-307. [PMID: 7550178 DOI: 10.1007/bf01593882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1520] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interest has increased in recent years in incorporating health status measures into clinical practice for use at the individual-patient level. We propose six measurement standards for individual-patient applications: (1) practical features, (2) breadth of health measured, (3) depth of health measured, (4) precision for cross-sectional assessment, (5) precision for longitudinal monitoring and (6) validity. We evaluate five health status surveys (Functional Status Questionnaire, Dartmouth COOP Poster Charts, Nottingham Health Profile, Duke Health Profile, and SF-36 Health Survey) that have been proposed for use in clinical practice. We conducted an analytical literature review to evaluate the six measurement standards for individual-patient applications across the five surveys. The most problematic feature of the five surveys was their lack of precision for individual-patient applications. Across all scales, reliability standards for individual assessment and monitoring were not satisfied, and the 95% CIs were very wide. There was little evidence of the validity of the five surveys for screening, diagnosing, or monitoring individual patients. The health status surveys examined in this paper may not be suitable for monitoring the health and treatment status of individual patients. Clinical usefulness of existing measures might be demonstrated as clinical experience is broadened. At this time, however, it seems that new instruments, or adaptation of existing measures and scaling methods, are needed for individual-patient assessment and monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C A McHorney
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison Medical School, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
McCallum J. The SF-36 in an Australian sample: validating a new, generic health status measure. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 1995; 19:160-6. [PMID: 7786942 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.1995.tb00367.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The SF-36 is a self-reported, 36-item, generic measure of health status that has been validated for adult age groups in the United States, the United Kingdom and in some non-English-speaking countries. The Australian Bureau of Statistics used it in the 1995 National Health Survey and it has been used in health status measurement, in monitoring health outcomes and in clinical trials. The validity of the SF-36 was examined in the National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health Record Linkage Study using a sample of 555 respondents to the National Heart Foundation Risk Factor Prevalence Survey in 1989; they were followed up in 1992. Items chosen for the scale had been used in health status assessment and had stood the test of time. The health concepts measured demonstrated good internal consistency. The eight scales of the SF-36 formed factors as predicted in the general health dimensions of physical and mental health. The component scales of the SF-36 demonstrated good discrimination between people with and without health conditions, including those with medical and those with psychiatric types of conditions. Although the SF-36 was a valid measure of general health status among Australian respondents, further work is needed to establish clinical validity and to produce population norms for Australia. Use of the SF-36 will allow Australian and international comparison of health status from the point of view of the users of health services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J McCallum
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Schneider JR, McHorney CA, Malenka DJ, McDaniel MD, Walsh DB, Cronenwett JL. Functional health and well-being in patients with severe atherosclerotic peripheral vascular occlusive disease. Ann Vasc Surg 1993; 7:419-28. [PMID: 8268087 DOI: 10.1007/bf02002125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Functional health and sense of well-being are known to be adversely affected by chronic illness. The extent to which peripheral vascular occlusive disease (PVOD) alters these factors independent of other comorbid conditions is unknown. Sixty patients with PVOD severe enough to have required aortobifemoral bypass (AFB) between 1985 and 1990 were selected for evaluation. Although all were heavy smokers and 20% had suffered previous myocardial infarction, all had adequate cardiopulmonary function to survive AFB. The SF-20 questionnaire, validated in the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), was used to evaluate patients' functional health and well-being at least 6 months after AFB. All grafts were patent at the time of questionnaire completion. Three measures of functional health (physical function, role function, and bodily pain) and three measures of well-being (mental health, health perception, and social function) were scored from SF-20 responses using the MOS protocol. These PVOD patients were then compared to MOS norms for patients without any chronic disease, to MOS norms adjusted for age and other comorbidities of the PVOD patients sampled, and to patients with congestive heart failure or recent myocardial infarction. Physical function, role function, and health perception were worse and bodily pain greater in patients with severe PVOD after surgical treatment as compared with MOS patients even after adjustment for comorbidities. Decrements in physical function, role function, and health perception for PVOD patients were comparable to MOS patients with congestive heart failure or recent myocardial infarction, whereas level of bodily pain was worse in PVOD patients than in these other groups. After adjustment for comorbidities, social function and mental health were not independently affected by PVOD. Functional health and well-being were not significantly different when PVOD patients with limb threat were compared to those with claudication. Severe PVOD is associated with decrements in functional health and well-being comparable to or greater than other severe chronic illness, even after successful revascularization. Further study is needed to examine the effect of revascularization on functional health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J R Schneider
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, N.H
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Brazier JE, Harper R, Jones NM, O'Cathain A, Thomas KJ, Usherwood T, Westlake L. Validating the SF-36 health survey questionnaire: new outcome measure for primary care. BMJ (CLINICAL RESEARCH ED.) 1992; 305:160-4. [PMID: 1285753 PMCID: PMC1883187 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.305.6846.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3135] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the acceptability, validity, and reliability of the short form 36 health survey questionnaire (SF-36) and to compare it with the Nottingham health profile. DESIGN Postal survey using a questionnaire booklet together with a letter from the general practitioner. Non-respondents received two reminders at two week intervals. The SF-36 questionnaire was retested on a subsample of respondents two weeks after the first mailing. SETTING Two general practices in Sheffield. PATIENTS 1980 patients aged 16-74 years randomly selected from the two practice lists. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Scores for each health dimension on the SF-36 questionnaire and the Nottingham health profile. Response to questions on recent use of health services and sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS The response rate for the SF-36 questionnaire was high (83%) and the rate of completion for each dimension was over 95%. Considerable evidence was found for the reliability of the SF-36 (Cronbach's alpha greater than 0.85, reliability coefficient greater than 0.75 for all dimensions except social functioning) and for construct validity in terms of distinguishing between groups with expected health differences. The SF-36 was able to detect low levels of ill health in patients who had scored 0 (good health) on the Nottingham health profile. CONCLUSIONS The SF-36 is a promising new instrument for measuring health perception in a general population. It is easy to use, acceptable to patients, and fulfils stringent criteria of reliability and validity. Its use in other contexts and with different disease groups requires further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J E Brazier
- Medical Care Research Unit, University of Sheffield Medical School
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|