1
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Zhang S, Wang Z, Jiang J, Feng G, Fan S. Lactobacillus reuteri's multifaceted role in mitigating ionizing radiation-induced injury in Drosophila melanogaster. Food Funct 2024; 15:3522-3538. [PMID: 38465872 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05422e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The numerous beneficial probiotic properties of Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) include decreasing metabolic syndrome, preventing disorders linked to oxidative stress, improving gut flora imbalances, controlling immunological function, and extending life span. Exposure to ionizing radiation is closely associated with several disorders. We examined the protective and salvaging effects of L. reuteri on ionizing radiation-induced injury to the intestinal tract, reproductive system, and nervous system of Drosophila melanogaster. We also examined its effects on lifespan, antioxidant capacity, progeny development, and behavioral aspects to assess the interaction between L. reuteri and ionizing radiation-induced injury. The findings demonstrated that L. reuteri improved the median survival time following irradiation and greatly extended its lifespan. In addition, it raised SOD activity, reduced ROS levels in intestinal epithelial cells, and increased the quantity of intestinal stem cells. Furthermore, L. reuteri enhanced the adult male flies' capacity to move. It also successfully safeguarded the generations' growth and development. L. reuteri dramatically enhanced expression of the AMPKα gene and regulated expression of its pathway-related gene, mTOR, as well as the autophagy-related genes Atg1 and Atg5 in female Drosophila exposed to irradiation. Notably, no prior reports have been made on the possible effects of L. reuteri on injuries caused by irradiation. As a result, our research offers important new information regarding L. reuteri's possible role as a shield against ionizing radiation-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songling Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China.
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China.
| | - Jin Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China.
| | - Guoxing Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China.
| | - Saijun Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China.
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2
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Force E, Suray C, Dacher M, Debernard S. Effect of Adult Male Diet on Fertilization and Hatching in an Insect. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2024; 2024:10.17912/micropub.biology.001074. [PMID: 38362119 PMCID: PMC10867632 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
As in other animals, diet is known to influence insect reproduction, and its impact has been intensively investigated in females. In our study, we examined the effects of various diets on male reproductive success in the moth Agrotis ipsilon, a pest of many crops. Our experiments showed an increase in the rates of fertilization and hatching when males fed with various sugars (sucrose, fructose, and glucose) supplemented with sodium. Such results provide valuable initial information on the nutritional ecology of male moths and could serve to the development of nutritional attractants for the management of crop pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Force
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES Paris, F-78026, Versailles, France
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES Paris, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Suray
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES Paris, F-78026, Versailles, France
| | - Matthieu Dacher
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES Paris, F-78026, Versailles, France
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES Paris, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Debernard
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INRAE, CNRS, IRD, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES Paris, F-75005, Paris, France
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3
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Narayan VP, Wasana N, Wilson AJ, Chenoweth SF. Misalignment of plastic and evolutionary responses of lifespan to novel carbohydrate diets. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:231732. [PMID: 38234441 PMCID: PMC10791524 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Diet elicits varied effects on longevity across a wide range of animal species where dietary discordance between an organisms' evolutionary and developmental dietary history is increasingly recognized to play a critical role in shaping lifespan. However, whether such changes, predominantly assessed in a single generation, lead to evolutionary shifts in lifespan remains unclear. In this study, we used an experimental evolution approach to test whether changes in an organisms' evolutionary and developmental dietary history, specifically carbohydrate content, causes lifespan evolution in Drosophila serrata. After 30 generations, we investigated the evolutionary potential of lifespan in response to four novel diets that varied systematically in their ratio of carbohydrate-protein content. We also examined developmental plasticity effects using a set of control populations that were raised on the four novel environments allowing us to assess the extent to which plastic responses of lifespan mirrored adaptive responses observed following experimental evolution. Both high- and low-carbohydrate diets elicited plastic effects on lifespan; however, the plastic responses for lifespan to developmental diets bore little resemblance to the evolved responses on evolutionary diets. Understanding the dietary conditions regulating the match/mismatch of plastic and evolved responses will be important in determining whether a particular match/mismatch combination is adaptive for lifespan. While the differences in evolutionary diet by developmental diet interactions are only beginning to be elucidated, this study lays the foundation for future investigations of carbohydrate contributions to evolved and plastic effects on health and lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram P. Narayan
- School of the Environment, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Nidarshani Wasana
- School of the Environment, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Alastair J. Wilson
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Stephen F. Chenoweth
- School of the Environment, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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4
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Gao Y, Cheng X, Tian Y, Yuan Z, Fan X, Yang D, Yang M. Nutritional Programming of the Lifespan of Male Drosophila by Activating FOXO on Larval Low-Nutrient Diet. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081840. [PMID: 37111059 PMCID: PMC10142539 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition during the developmental stages has long-term effects on adult physiology, disease and lifespan, and is termed nutritional programming. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of nutritional programming are not yet well understood. In this study, we showed that developmental diets could regulate the lifespan of adult Drosophila in a way that interacts with various adult diets during development and adulthood. Importantly, we demonstrated that a developmental low-yeast diet (0.2SY) extended both the health span and lifespan of male flies under nutrient-replete conditions in adulthood through nutritional programming. Males with a low-yeast diets during developmental stages had a better resistance to starvation and lessened decline of climbing ability with age in adulthood. Critically, we revealed that the activity of the Drosophila transcription factor FOXO (dFOXO) was upregulated in adult males under developmental low-nutrient conditions. The knockdown of dFOXO, with both ubiquitous and fat-body-specific patterns, can completely abolish the lifespan-extending effect from the larval low-yeast diet. Ultimately, we identify that the developmental diet achieved the nutritional programming of the lifespan of adult males by modulating the activity of dFOXO in Drosophila. Together, these results provide molecular evidence that the nutrition in the early life of animals could program the health of their later life and their longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xingyi Cheng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yao Tian
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhixiao Yuan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Deying Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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5
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Lushchak O, Strilbytska O, Storey KB. Gender-specific effects of pro-longevity interventions in Drosophila. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 209:111754. [PMID: 36375654 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences in lifespan are well recognized in the majority of animal species. For example, in male versus female Drosophila melanogaster there are significant differences in behavior and physiology. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of gender differences in responses to pro-longevity interventions in this model organism. Here we summarize the existing data on the effects of nutritional and pharmacological anti-aging interventions such as nutrition regimens, diet and dietary supplementation on the lifespan of male and female Drosophila. We demonstrate that males and females have different sensitivities to interventions and that the effects are highly dependent on genetic background, mating, dose and exposure duration. Our work highlights the importance of understanding the mechanisms that underlie the gender-specific effect of anti-aging manipulations. This will provide insight into how these benefits may be valuable for elucidating the primary physiological and molecular targets involved in aging and lifespan determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenka str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine; Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine.
| | - Olha Strilbytska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenka str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
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6
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Rai KE, Yin H, Bengo ALC, Cheek M, Courville R, Bagheri E, Ramezan R, Behseta S, Shahrestani P. Immune defense in Drosophila melanogaster depends on diet, sex, and mating status. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0268415. [PMID: 37053140 PMCID: PMC10101424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune defense is a complex trait that affects and is affected by many other host factors, including sex, mating, and dietary environment. We used the agriculturally relevant fungal emtomopathogen, Beauveria bassiana, and the model host organism Drosophila melanogaster to examine how the impacts of sex, mating, and dietary environment on immunity are interrelated. We showed that the direction of sexual dimorphism in immune defense depends on mating status and mating frequency. We also showed that post-infection dimorphism in immune defense changes over time and is affected by dietary condition both before and after infection. Supplementing the diet with protein-rich yeast improved post-infection survival but more so when supplementation was done after infection instead of before. The multi-directional impacts among immune defense, sex, mating, and diet are clearly complex, and while our study shines light on some of these relationships, further study is warranted. Such studies have potential downstream applications in agriculture and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshama Ekanath Rai
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States of America
| | - Han Yin
- Department of Mathematics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States of America
| | - Arnie Lynn C Bengo
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States of America
| | - Madison Cheek
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States of America
| | - Robert Courville
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States of America
| | - Elnaz Bagheri
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States of America
| | - Reza Ramezan
- Department of Statistic and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sam Behseta
- Department of Mathematics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States of America
| | - Parvin Shahrestani
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California, United States of America
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7
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Winkler L, Janicke T. Diet quality impairs male and female reproductive performance and affects the opportunity for selection in an insect model. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9533. [DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim Janicke
- Applied Zoology TU Dresden Dresden Germany
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive CNRS, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, IRD Montpellier Cedex 05 France
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8
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Savola E, Vale PF, Walling CA. Larval diet affects adult reproduction, but not survival, independent of the effect of injury and infection in Drosophila melanogaster. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 142:104428. [PMID: 35932926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2022.104428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Early-life conditions have profound effects on many life-history traits, where early-life diet affects both juvenile development, and adult survival and reproduction. Early-life diet also has consequences for the ability of adults to withstand environmental challenges such as starvation, temperature and desiccation. However, it is less well known how early-life diet influences the consequences of infection in adults. Here we test whether varying the larval diet of female Drosophila melanogaster (through altering protein to carbohydrate ratio, P:C) influences the long-term consequences of injury and infection with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonasentomophila. Given previous work manipulating adult dietary P:C, we predicted that adults from larvae raised on higher P:C diets would have increased reproduction, but shorter lifespans and an increased rate of ageing, and that the lowest larval P:C diets would be particularly detrimental for adult survival in infected individuals. For larval development, we predicted that low P:C would lead to a longer development time and lower viability. We found that early-life and lifetime egg production were highest at intermediate to high larval P:C diets, but this was independent of injury and infection. There was no effect of larval P:C on adult survival. Larval development was quickest on intermediate P:C and egg-to-pupae and egg-to-adult viability were slightly higher on higher P:C. Overall, despite larval P:C affecting several measured traits, we saw no evidence that larval P:C altered the consequence of infection or injury for adult survival or early-life and lifetime reproduction. Taken together, these data suggest that larval diets appear to have a limited impact on the adult life history consequences of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eevi Savola
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Pedro F Vale
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Craig A Walling
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK.
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9
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Sanghvi K, Iglesias‐Carrasco M, Zajitschek F, Kruuk LEB, Head ML. Effects of developmental and adult environments on ageing. Evolution 2022; 76:1868-1882. [PMID: 35819127 PMCID: PMC9543291 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Developmental and adult environments can interact in complex ways to influence the fitness of individuals. Most studies investigating effects of the environment on fitness focus on environments experienced and traits expressed at a single point in an organism's life. However, environments vary with time, so the effects of the environments that organisms experience at different ages may interact to affect how traits change throughout life. Here, we test whether thermal stress experienced during development leads individuals to cope better with thermal stress as adults. We manipulated temperature during both development and adulthood and measured a range of life-history traits, including senescence, in male and female seed beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus). We found that thermal stress during development reduced adult reproductive performance of females. In contrast, life span and age-dependent mortality were affected more by adult than developmental environments, with high adult temperatures decreasing longevity and increasing age-dependent mortality. Aside from an interaction between developmental and adult environments to affect age-dependent changes in male weight, we did not find any evidence of a beneficial acclimation response to developmental thermal stress. Overall, our results show that effects of developmental and adult environments can be both sex and trait specific, and that a full understanding of how environments interact to affect fitness and ageing requires the integrated study of conditions experienced during different stages of ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krish Sanghvi
- Reserach School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia
| | | | - Felix Zajitschek
- School of Biology Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Loeske E. B. Kruuk
- Reserach School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia
| | - Megan L. Head
- Reserach School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia
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10
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Dinh H, Lundbäck I, Kumar S, Than AT, Morimoto J, Ponton F. Sugar-rich larval diet promotes lower adult pathogen load and higher survival after infection in a polyphagous fly. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:276376. [PMID: 35904096 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition is a central factor influencing immunity and resistance to infection, but the extent to which nutrition during development affects adult responses to infections is poorly understood. Our study investigated how the nutritional composition of the larval diet affects the survival, pathogen load, and food intake of adult fruit flies, Bactrocera tryoni, after septic bacterial infection. We found a sex-specific effect of larval diet composition on survival post-infection: survival rate was higher and bacterial load was lower for infected females fed sugar-rich larval diet compared with females fed protein-rich larval diet, an effect that was absent in males. Both males and females were heavier when fed a balanced larval diet compared to protein- or sugar-rich diet, while body lipid reserves were higher in the sugar-rich larval diet compared with other diets. Body protein reserve was lower for sugar-rich larval diets compared to other diets in males, but not females. Both females and males shifted their nutrient intake to ingest a sugar-rich diet when infected compared with sham-infected flies without any effect of the larval diet, suggesting that sugar-rich diets can be beneficial to fight off bacterial infection as shown in previous literature. Overall, our findings show that nutrition during early life can shape individual fitness in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hue Dinh
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - Ida Lundbäck
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - Sheemal Kumar
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - Anh The Than
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia.,Department of Entomology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Vietnam
| | - Juliano Morimoto
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Ave, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 82590-300, Brazil
| | - Fleur Ponton
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia
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11
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Mital A, Sarangi M, Nandy B, Pandey N, Joshi A. Shorter effective lifespan in laboratory populations of D. melanogaster might reduce sexual selection. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-022-03158-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The role of sexual selection in mediating levels of sexual conflict has been demonstrated in many experimental evolution studies on Drosophila spp. where competition among males for mating was the target of selection. Sexual selection has also been shown to affect the evolution of life-histories. However, the influence of divergent life-histories on reproductive strategies and, therefore, sexual selection and possibly sexual conflict has been less well studied. We examined D. melanogaster populations selected for a short development time and early age at reproduction for changes in reproductive behavior and traits that are proxies of sexual selection. We report a large reduction in reproductive competition experienced by the males of these populations, compared to ancestral populations that are not consciously selected for rapid development or early reproduction, potentially leading to reduced sexual selection. We show that rapidly developing and early reproducing populations have very low levels of mating in their lifetime (females are more or less monandrous), low courtship levels, shorter copulation duration, and longer time from eclosion to first mating, compared to the controls. These results are discussed in the context of the previously demonstrated reduction of inter-locus sexual conflict in these populations. We show that life-history strategies might have a large and significant impact on sexual selection, with each influencing the other and contributing to the complexities of adaptation.
Significance statement
Sexual conflict, often manifested as an arms-race between males and females trying to enhance their own reproductive success at some cost to the other, is of great evolutionary interest because it can maintain genetic variation in populations, prevent the independent optimization of male and female traits, and also promote speciation. Sexual selection, or variation in mating success, is well known to affect levels of sexual conflict. However, it is not so clear whether, and how, the regular evolution of life-histories also affects sexual selection. Here, we show that life-history evolution in fruit fly populations selected for traits not directly related to sexual conflict might, nevertheless, mediate the possible evolution of altered sexual conflict levels through effects on sexual selection. Populations that evolved to develop to adulthood fast, and reproduce relatively early in life, are shown to potentially experience less sexual selection, which can explain the low sexual conflict levels earlier observed in them.
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12
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Camilleri T, Piper MDW, Robker RL, Dowling DK. Maternal and paternal sugar consumption interact to modify offspring life history and physiology. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rebecca L. Robker
- School of Biomedicine Robinson Research Institute The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - Damian K. Dowling
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
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13
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Min KW, Jang T, Lee KP. Thermal and nutritional environments during development exert different effects on adult reproductive success in Drosophila melanogaster. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:443-457. [PMID: 33437441 PMCID: PMC7790642 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Environments experienced during development have long-lasting consequences for adult performance and fitness. The "environmental matching" hypothesis predicts that individuals perform best when adult and developmental environments match whereas the "silver spoon" hypothesis expects that fitness is higher in individuals developed under favorable environments regardless of adult environments. Temperature and nutrition are the two most influential determinants of environmental quality, but it remains to be elucidated which of these hypotheses better explains the long-term effects of thermal and nutritional histories on adult fitness traits. Here we compared how the temperature and nutrition of larval environment would affect adult survivorship and reproductive success in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. The aspect of nutrition focused on in this study was the dietary protein-to-carbohydrate (P:C) ratio. The impact of low developmental and adult temperature was to improve adult survivorship. High P:C diet had a negative effect on adult survivorship when ingested during the adult stage, but had a positive effect when ingested during development. No matter whether adult and developmental environments matched or not, females raised in warm and protein-enriched environments produced more eggs than those raised in cool and protein-limiting environments, suggesting the presence of a significant silver spoon effect of larval temperature and nutrition. The effect of larval temperature on adult egg production was weak but persisted across the early adult stage whereas that of larval nutrition was initially strong but diminished rapidly after day 5 posteclosion. Egg production after day 5 was strongly influenced by the P:C ratio of the adult diet, indicating that the diet contributing mainly to reproduction had shifted from larval to adult diet. Our results highlight the importance of thermal and nutritional histories in shaping organismal performance and fitness and also demonstrate how the silver spoon effects of these aspects of environmental histories differ fundamentally in their nature, strength, and persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Woon Min
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologySeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Taehwan Jang
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologySeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Kwang Pum Lee
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologySeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
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14
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Klepsatel P, Knoblochová D, Girish TN, Dircksen H, Gáliková M. The influence of developmental diet on reproduction and metabolism in Drosophila. BMC Evol Biol 2020; 20:93. [PMID: 32727355 PMCID: PMC7392729 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01663-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The adaptive significance of phenotypic changes elicited by environmental conditions experienced early in life has long attracted attention in evolutionary biology. In this study, we used Drosophila melanogaster to test whether the developmental diet produces phenotypes better adapted to cope with similar nutritional conditions later in life. To discriminate among competing hypotheses on the underlying nature of developmental plasticity, we employed a full factorial design with several developmental and adult diets. Specifically, we examined the effects of early- and late-life diets (by varying their yeast and sugar contents) on reproductive fitness and on the amount of energy reserves (fat and glycogen) in two wild-caught populations. Results We found that individuals that had developed on either low-yeast or high-sugar diet showed decreased reproductive performance regardless of their adult nutritional environment. The lower reproductive fitness might be caused by smaller body size and reduced ovariole number. Overall, these results are consistent with the silver spoon concept, which posits that development in a suboptimal environment negatively affects fitness-associated traits. On the other hand, the higher amount of energy reserves (fat) in individuals that had developed in a suboptimal environment might represent either an adaptive response or a side-effect of compensatory feeding. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the observed differences in the adult physiology induced by early-life diet likely result from inevitable and general effects of nutrition on the development of reproductive and metabolic organs, rather than from adaptive mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Klepsatel
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 06, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Diana Knoblochová
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 06, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina, 84215, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Thirnahalli Nagaraj Girish
- Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, 515134, India
| | - Heinrich Dircksen
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 18B, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martina Gáliková
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 06, Bratislava, Slovakia
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