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Du Y, Li Q, Dou Y, Wang M, Wang Y, Yan Y, Fan H, Yang X, Ma X. Side effects and cognitive benefits of buspirone: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28918. [PMID: 38601569 PMCID: PMC11004816 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Buspirone, a 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A) receptor agonist, has been investigated for its use in various diseases. However, knowledge about its side effects and potential cognitive benefits in different conditions is limited. Cognitive impairment is also a prevalent symptom in many diseases, yet effective treatments are still lacking. Therefore, to explore the potential side effects of buspirone and the possible cognitive benefits of buspirone, we conducted a comprehensive search of several databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Review, Cochrane Trial, and ClinicalTrials.gov, to identify eligible randomized clinical trials. Our primary outcome measures included both side effects (adverse events) and cognitive benefits. For continuous variables, we utilized effect size with a 95% confidence interval (CI), whereas for dichotomous variables, we used odds ratios (OR) with a 95% CI. In total, 16 studies were included in this analysis, with 13 studies reporting on buspirone's side effects and 4 studies focusing on cognitive tasks. In terms of side effects, buspirone exhibited a higher rate of dizziness (OR = 4.66, 95% CI: 2.07-10.47), constipation (OR = 4.11, 95% CI: 1.34-12.55), and gastric distress (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.03-3.78) than the placebo group. Regarding cognitive functions, buspirone showed significant benefits (g = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.06-0.34) while the placebo did not. Subgroup analysis indicated superior performance in visual learning and memory (g = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.21-0.78), logical reasoning (g = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.14-0.71), and attention (g = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.13-0.61) when compared to placebo. Our findings indicated that participants in the buspirone group experienced side effects of dizziness, constipation, and gastric distress in different diseases. Despite these adverse events, however, buspirone demonstrated significant cognitive benefits, particularly in the domains of visual learning and memory, logical reasoning, and attention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yikai Dou
- Mental Health Center and Laboratory of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Wang
- Mental Health Center and Laboratory of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Mental Health Center and Laboratory of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushun Yan
- Mental Health Center and Laboratory of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Huanhuan Fan
- Mental Health Center and Laboratory of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Mental Health Center and Laboratory of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Mental Health Center and Laboratory of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
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Persaud UD, Manning KJ, Wu R, Springate BA, Steffens DC. The Role of State Versus Trait Anxiety on Cognition in Older Adults With Major Depressive Disorder. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024:S1064-7481(24)00295-1. [PMID: 38677962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anxiety superimposed on late life depression (LLD) results in greater changes to prefrontal and medial temporal brain regions compared to depression alone. Yet, the combined impact of anxiety and depression on cognition in LLD has not been thoroughly investigated. The current study investigated whether annual changes in state and trait anxiety were associated with cognitive changes in older adults with major depression. We hypothesized that the presence of anxiety among older depressed adults would be associated with worse cognitive performance in the domains of memory and executive functioning over time. DESIGN Three-year longitudinal observational study of older adults with LLD who were offered antidepressant treatment. SETTING Academic Health Center. METHODS Participants included 124 adults aged 60+ who met criteria for major depression at baseline. The association between anxiety and cognition was examined with separate multilevel linear models that addressed both between-subject and within-person effects of state and trait anxiety on cognitive functioning tests. RESULTS Individuals who experienced annual increases in anxiety above his/her personal average also experienced cognitive decline. Increases in state anxiety were associated with declines in memory and global cognition. By contrast, increases in trait anxiety were associated with declines in mental flexibility and memory. These findings remained significant even when controlling for changes in depression over time. CONCLUSION In LLD, individual increases in state and trait anxiety were associated with cognitive declines in different domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha D Persaud
- Rusk Rehabilitation at NYU Langone Health, Department of Psychology, New York, NY
| | - Kevin J Manning
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut, School of Medicine (KJM, BAS, DCS), Farmington, CT.
| | - Rong Wu
- Biostatistics Center, The Cato T. Laurencin Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut (RW), Farmington, CT
| | - Beth A Springate
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut, School of Medicine (KJM, BAS, DCS), Farmington, CT
| | - David C Steffens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut, School of Medicine (KJM, BAS, DCS), Farmington, CT
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Whitehead JC, Spiousas I, Armony JL. Individual differences in the evaluation of ambiguous visual and auditory threat-related expressions. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:370-393. [PMID: 38185821 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the neural correlates of the judgement of auditory and visual ambiguous threat-related information, and the influence of state anxiety on this process. Healthy subjects were scanned using a fast, high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) multiband sequence while they performed a two-alternative forced-choice emotion judgement task on faces and vocal utterances conveying explicit anger or fear, as well as ambiguous ones. Critically, the latter was specific to each subject, obtained through a morphing procedure and selected prior to scanning following a perceptual decision-making task. Behavioural results confirmed a greater task-difficulty for subject-specific ambiguous stimuli and also revealed a judgement bias for visual fear, and, to a lesser extent, for auditory anger. Imaging results showed increased activity in regions of the salience and frontoparietal control networks (FPCNs) and deactivation in areas of the default mode network for ambiguous, relative to explicit, expressions. In contrast, the right amygdala (AMG) responded more strongly to explicit stimuli. Interestingly, its response to the same ambiguous stimulus depended on the subjective judgement of the expression. Finally, we found that behavioural and neural differences between ambiguous and explicit expressions decreased as a function of state anxiety scores. Taken together, our results show that behavioural and brain responses to emotional expressions are determined not only by emotional clarity but also modality and the subjects' subjective perception of the emotion expressed, and that some of these responses are modulated by state anxiety levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyne C Whitehead
- Human Neuroscience, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec, Canada
- BRAMS Laboratory, Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ignacio Spiousas
- BRAMS Laboratory, Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Laboratorio Interdisciplinario del Tiempo y la Experiencia (LITERA), CONICET, Universidad de San Andrés, Victoria, Argentina
| | - Jorge L Armony
- Human Neuroscience, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec, Canada
- BRAMS Laboratory, Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Laboratorio Interdisciplinario del Tiempo y la Experiencia (LITERA), CONICET, Universidad de San Andrés, Victoria, Argentina
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Carr DC, Schmidt B, Schubert FT, Sachs-Ericsson N. Prospective exploration of the role of combined internalizing symptoms in self-reported memory among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38285681 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2297049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A growing literature suggests depression and anxiety increase risk of cognitive decline. However, few studies have examined their combined effects on cognition, among older adults, especially during periods of high stress. METHOD Based on a sample of community dwelling older adults (N = 576), we evaluated the effects of pre-pandemic anxiety and depressive symptoms, obtained in September 2018, to changes in self-reported memory (SRM) assessed 3 months into the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS In separate models, we found participants with depression scores at least 1-SD above the mean and participants with anxiety scores at least 2-SD above the mean to report a significant decline in SRM. Moderation analyses revealed those with high depressive symptoms (at or above the mean) showed a decrease in SRM regardless of anxiety. The extent to which high pre-pandemic anxiety symptoms influenced SRM is dependent on whether pre-pandemic depression was at or above the mean. CONCLUSIONS Pre-pandemic depression predicted a decline in SRM regardless of anxiety. Moderation analyses revealed that the extent to which anxiety symptoms influenced SRM was dependent on depression being at or above the mean. Those with high anxiety and depression are at highest risk of experiencing cognitive consequences related to stressful exposures like COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn C Carr
- Department of Sociology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Brad Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Johnson CE, Duncan MJ, Murphy MP. Sex and Sleep Disruption as Contributing Factors in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:31-74. [PMID: 38007653 PMCID: PMC10842753 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects more women than men, with women throughout the menopausal transition potentially being the most under researched and at-risk group. Sleep disruptions, which are an established risk factor for AD, increase in prevalence with normal aging and are exacerbated in women during menopause. Sex differences showing more disrupted sleep patterns and increased AD pathology in women and female animal models have been established in literature, with much emphasis placed on loss of circulating gonadal hormones with age. Interestingly, increases in gonadotropins such as follicle stimulating hormone are emerging to be a major contributor to AD pathogenesis and may also play a role in sleep disruption, perhaps in combination with other lesser studied hormones. Several sleep influencing regions of the brain appear to be affected early in AD progression and some may exhibit sexual dimorphisms that may contribute to increased sleep disruptions in women with age. Additionally, some of the most common sleep disorders, as well as multiple health conditions that impair sleep quality, are more prevalent and more severe in women. These conditions are often comorbid with AD and have bi-directional relationships that contribute synergistically to cognitive decline and neuropathology. The association during aging of increased sleep disruption and sleep disorders, dramatic hormonal changes during and after menopause, and increased AD pathology may be interacting and contributing factors that lead to the increased number of women living with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie E. Johnson
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Marilyn J. Duncan
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - M. Paul Murphy
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Lexington, KY, USA
- University of Kentucky, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA
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Franks KH, Rowsthorn E, Bransby L, Lim YY, Chong TTJ, Pase MP. Association of Self-Reported Psychological Stress with Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review. Neuropsychol Rev 2023; 33:856-870. [PMID: 36456767 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-022-09567-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Psychological stress is a potential modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline. However, the extent to which self-reported psychological stress is differentially associated with decline in specific cognitive domains remains unclear. Differences may be due to heterogeneity in the aspects of psychological stress investigated, for example, neuroticism (which is linked to vulnerability to stress), perceived stress, or exposure to stressful life events. This review aims to establish the associations between these aspects of self-reported psychological stress and cognitive decline. PsychINFO, Embase and MEDLINE were searched from database inception to September 2021. Studies were included if they were observational, prospective, and if they investigated the association between self-reported psychological stress and cognitive decline in adults with a minimum mean age of 40 years at baseline. Thirty studies satisfied the inclusion criteria, with most examining neuroticism (n = 17) as a predictor of cognitive decline. Fewer examined perceived stress (n = 7) or stressful life events (n = 6). There was evidence of an association between neuroticism and cognitive decline, particularly in the domain of memory. Similarly, across studies, perceived stress was also associated with memory decline. Research investigating the relationship between stressful life events and cognitive decline had fewer outcomes to interpret. Overall, the findings highlight that memory may be particularly susceptible to high levels of neuroticism and perceived stress. We identified a lack of research into some cognitive domains, such as executive function, which should be addressed by future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine H Franks
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Ella Rowsthorn
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa Bransby
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Yen Ying Lim
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Trevor T-J Chong
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew P Pase
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
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Jung M, Lee S, Kang M, Allen HK. Age-varying association between depression symptoms and executive function among older adults: Moderation by physical activity. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 165:115-122. [PMID: 37490844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study assessed trends in depression symptoms, executive function, and their association across age among older adults. Subgroup comparisons were made between older adults meeting and not meeting physical activity guidelines on variables and associations of interest. METHODS Participants (n = 2473) were older adults ages 60 to 79 from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Depression symptoms, executive function, and physical activity were assessed, and weighted time-varying effect modeling was used for analyses. RESULTS Depression symptoms were most severe at age 62 followed by a modest decline before a second peak around age 67. Executive function was highest at age 60 and declined steadily through age 77. Depression symptoms and executive function were negatively associated, but the strength and significance of this association varied with age. Older adults meeting physical activity guidelines had increased executive function and less severe depression symptoms, and meeting physical activity guidelines buffered the association between depression symptoms and executive function at key ages during older adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Differences by age should be considered when designing and implementing health programs and treatments focusing on mental health and cognition in older adulthood. Encouraging moderate-intensity physical activity may help protect older adults from depression-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungjin Jung
- Exercise & Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Seomgyun Lee
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Minsoo Kang
- Health and Sport Analytics Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Hannah K Allen
- Substance Use & Mental Health Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.
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Jain N, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Jacobsen E, Andreescu C, Snitz BE, Chang CCH, Ganguli M. It goes both ways: The relationship between anxiety and mild cognitive impairment. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 38:e5899. [PMID: 36855309 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between anxiety and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and whether it is mediated by perceived stress, at the population level. METHOD AND DESIGN In a longitudinal study of 368 adults aged 65+ from a population-based cohort, we annually assessed anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), perceived stress (PSS-4), and ratings on the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR®), where CDR = 0.5 was operationalized as MCI. Examining data from three consecutive assessment waves, we first determined the associations between anxiety at the first wave with MCI at the third wave, and vice versa. We then used mediation analyses to determine whether the pathways in both directions were mediated by perceived stress at the second wave, adjusting for demographics and other relevant covariates. RESULTS We confirmed significant bidirectional longitudinal associations between anxiety and MCI. Perceived stress was detected as a significant mediator for both pathways between anxiety and MCI, explaining 37.1% of the total effect (TE) of anxiety on incident MCI while conversely explaining 27.1% of the TE of MCI on anxiety. CONCLUSIONS A bidirectional relationship with a 2-year lag between anxiety and MCI was mediated through perceived stress. Clinicians should be sensitive both to potential consequent anxiety when patients present with cognitive impairment, and to potential incipient MCI when the presenting complaint is anxiety. Managing stress may help mitigate adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yueting Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yingjin Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Erin Jacobsen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carmen Andreescu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Beth E Snitz
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chung-Chou H Chang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary Ganguli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Dorenkamp MA, Irrgang M, Vik P. Assessment-related anxiety among older adults: associations with neuropsychological test performance. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2023; 30:256-271. [PMID: 34932432 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2021.2016584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disrupts test performance across academic/testing contexts; however, the impact of anxiety on neuropsychological testing has been examined less frequently among older adults, despite clinical observations of high anxiety and dementia worry among elderly individuals in assessment contexts. The present study examined the impact of trait, state, and test anxiety on measures of processing speed, working memory, verbal memory, and aspects of executive functioning (i.e., set shifting and inhibition). We hypothesized that anxiety specific to neuropsychological assessment would correlate with test performance more consistently than state or trait anxiety. Ninety-three older adults aged 55 to 89 underwent a three-and-a-half-hour comprehensive assessment battery measuring anxiety and neuropsychological test performance. All participants completed the Feelings About Neuropsychological Testing State (FANT-S) and Test (FANT-T) questionnaires, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-seven item (GAD-7), and neuropsychological tests in the domains of processing speed, working memory, verbal memory, and executive functioning. When test scores were regressed on these anxiety measures, increases in test anxiety predicted decreased performance on measures of executive functioning, specifically inhibitory control. State anxiety demonstrated the opposite relationship to performance and predicted increased performance on one measure. Trait anxiety did not predict cognitive assessment performance. Findings were consistent with previous research indicating measures of test anxiety are more sensitive to changes in test performance than measures of trait or state anxiety. Results demonstrated that older adults, even those not referred for a clinical neuropsychological assessment, can show decreased test performance when self-reported anxiety relevant to the neuropsychological assessment context is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Dorenkamp
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR, USA
| | - Makenzie Irrgang
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR, USA
| | - Peter Vik
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR, USA
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Beaudreau SA, Gould CE, Hantke NC, Kramer AO, Suresh M, Jo B, Fairchild JK. Insights about personality traits and cognitive performance and decline in adults 51-59 Years old from the Wisconsin longitudinal study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 38:e5852. [PMID: 36495530 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To delineate midlife personality dimensions of early cognitive change in an age-homogenous sample of U.S. older adults. DESIGN Longitudinal study of 6133 adults from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS). MEASURES Middle-aged participants (mean age = 53.2; SD = 0.6) from the WLS completed the 'Big-5' personality assessment in 1992. Mixed effects models examined whether midlife personality traits were associated with change in cognitive performance from participant's mid-60s (2004-2005) to early 70s (2011). The cognitive battery assessed abstract reasoning (AR), category fluency (CF), working memory (WM), and delayed verbal memory (DVM). Models adjusted for sex, education, and subjective health. RESULTS High Openness was a significant predictor of change in AR, CF, and DVM. These cognitive outcomes declined less among those with high Openness, but the effect sizes for Openness by time were small (R2 s < 0.01). AR and CF were characterized by higher overall performance with high Openness, but with relatively parallel change for the highest and lowest Openness quartiles. There was no advantage of Openness to DVM by the second assessment. High Conscientiousness was a predictor of more change for DVM, though the effect size was small (R 2 < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS None of the midlife personality traits were uniformly associated with change in cognitive performance in early older adulthood. High midlife Openness had the most noteworthy impact on cognition. Interventions designed to target Openness have potential to elevate and maintain a higher threshold of performance in some cognitive domains, but may only have a small impact on cognitive change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry A Beaudreau
- Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, California, Palo Alto, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christine E Gould
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Nathan C Hantke
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Abigail O Kramer
- Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, California, Palo Alto, USA
- Psychology Department, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Madhuvanthi Suresh
- Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, California, Palo Alto, USA
- Division of Movement Disorders, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Booil Jo
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jennifer K Fairchild
- Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, California, Palo Alto, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Anxiety and cognitive functioning in the Maastricht study: A cross-sectional population study. J Affect Disord 2022; 319:570-579. [PMID: 36162695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher anxiety levels in older adults are associated with worse executive functioning and an increased risk for dementia. In this study individual anxiety disorders and clinically relevant generalized anxiety symptoms are studied in relation to multiple cognitive domains. METHOD This cross-sectional study includes 7344 community-dwelling participants of The Maastricht Study aged 40-75 years and oversampling of type 2 diabetes. Panic disorder with and without agoraphobia, agoraphobia and lifetime panic disorder were measured with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Generalized anxiety symptoms were measured with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7). Multiple cognitive domains (executive functioning, memory and processing speed) and cognitive impairment were assessed. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were used with adjustment for potential confounders. Interaction analyses were performed to test the moderation of age, sex and type 2 diabetes (due to oversampling). RESULTS Agoraphobia was associated with worse scores on all cognitive domains (range B = -0.12 to -0.10; range 95%CI = -0.20 to -0.04) and with higher odds of cognitive impairment (OR = 1.51, 95%CI = 1.18-1.93). High scores on the GAD-7 were associated with worse scores on processing speed (B = -0.11, 95%CI = -0.20 to -0.03) and higher odds of cognitive impairment (OR = 1.42, 95%CI = 1.02-1.97). Panic disorder was significantly associated with worse scores on memory tasks (B = -0.25, 95%CI = -0.48 to -0.02). Associations were stronger in the younger participants and for agoraphobia and GAD-7 scores also in those with type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSION Multiple anxiety disorders and generalized anxiety symptoms were associated with worse cognitive functioning on several cognitive domains.
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Liampas I, Siokas V, Lyketsos CG, Dardiotis E. The Relationship between Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults with Normal Cognition. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:1586. [PMID: 36363543 PMCID: PMC9694960 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: To explore whether specific Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (NPS) are related to worse performance in particular cognitive domains. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of the baseline evaluations of older (≥60 years), cognitively unimpaired (CU) participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform Data Set was performed. Data were derived from 43 Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers. Cognitively impaired individuals, participants with psychiatric disorders and/or under treatment with antipsychotic, anxiolytic, sedative, or hypnotic agents were excluded. NPS were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire. The association of NPS with participants' performance on episodic memory, semantic memory, language, attention, processing speed and executive function was analysed using an adjusted (considering important demographic and medical factors) multivariate general linear model. Results: A total of 7179 CU, older, predominantly female, Caucasian, and well-educated participants were included in the present analysis. Among them, 1856 individuals had one or more NPS. Our analysis revealed that moderate/severe anxiety was related to worse performance on semantic memory, attention and executive function, the presence of hallucinations was linked to worse processing speed and executive function scores, while the presence of elation/euphoria and aberrant motor behaviour were associated with poorer attention and language performance, respectively. In the context of a secondary, exploratory analysis, the presence of moderate/severe delusions was related to worse processing speed and executive function performance. Conclusions: The relationship between specific NPS and worse performance in particular cognitive domains could inform the formulation of individualized preventive strategies directed to the ''fortification'' of specific cognitive functions in CU individuals with NPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Liampas
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece
| | - Constantine George Lyketsos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41100 Larissa, Greece
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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13
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Effects of Tai Chi and Walking Exercise on Emotional Face Recognition in Elderly People: An ERP Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10081486. [PMID: 36011142 PMCID: PMC9407806 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10081486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Both tai chi and walking can improve the physical health of the elderly, but the effect on the emotional cognitive function of the elderly is unclear. To investigate the effect of long-term walking and tai chi exercise on the emotional cognitive function of the elderly, 63 subjects were recruited in this study according to age and exercise habits, including 16 in the youth control group, 15 in the elderly non-exercise control group, 17 in the elderly walking group, and 18 in the elderly tai chi group. The “learning–test paradigm” of emotional faces was used to measure the subjects’ ability to recognize and remember emotional (negative and neutral) faces. Behavioral and EEG data were recorded during the learning and testing phases. The results showed that there is aging in emotional cognition in older adults compared with younger adults. Long-term walking and tai chi exercise can delay the deterioration of emotional cognitive function in older adults to some extent. Both walking and tai chi exercise can delay the decline in aging-related emotional face recognition function to some extent. Walking exercise can delay the decline in aging-related emotional face memory function to some extent.
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14
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Guo Y, Zhao S, Hou X, Nie S, Xu S, Hong Y, Chen Y, Guo S, Liu X, Xia Z. Insidious Attentional Deficits in Patients With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Revealed by Attention Network Test. Front Neurol 2022; 13:865307. [PMID: 35795794 PMCID: PMC9251063 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.865307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several reports have indicated potential cognitive decline for cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), especially in attention domain, whereas the attentional function at network level is still elusive. In this study, we used the attention network test (ANT) paradigm to characterize the efficiency of the alerting, orienting, and executive control networks in patients with CSVD and explore possible correlations between attention network efficiencies and obtained CSVD total score. Methods A total of 31 patients with CSVD and 30 healthy controls matched for age, gender, and education level were recruited. After neuropsychological and anxiety/depression/somatization assessments, an original version of ANT containing different cue conditions and target stimuli was used to investigate independent attentional components, and then, behavioral performance (accuracy and reaction time) and network efficacy were recorded and analyzed. Results Assessed by traditional neuropsychological scale (MoCA), we did not find difference between groups on general cognition. Nevertheless, the overall reaction time to targets of ANT was markedly prolonged in patients with CSVD, and similar phenomenon was observed for overall accuracy on ANT. Moreover, patients showed significantly lower orienting and executive control network efficiencies compared with controls, while not for alerting network. These impairments were correlated with total CSVD burdens, but not with anxiety, depression, or somatization. Conclusions Although general and almost all individual cognitive function evaluated by MoCA seemed to remain intact, the orienting and executive control function was impaired in individuals with CSVD, which was modulated by lesion grades. Our observations implied insidious attentional deficits regarding CSVD. Given this, considering its simplicity and sensitivity, ANT could serve as an attractive tool for early diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction. Further investigations on the availability of ANT detection for CSVD are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunliang Guo
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Clinical School of Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, China
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuo Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xunyao Hou
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shanjing Nie
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Song Xu
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Hong
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yali Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shougang Guo
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xueping Liu
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Xueping Liu
| | - Zhangyong Xia
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Clinical School of Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, China
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhangyong Xia
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15
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Kim BR, Lee R, Kim N, Jeong JH, Kim GH. The Moderating Role of Sleep Quality on the Association between Neuroticism and Frontal Executive Function in Older Adults. Behav Sleep Med 2022; 20:50-62. [PMID: 33522299 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2021.1879809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Personality traits are regarded as risk factors for cognitive impairment in older adults, while sleep disturbance and physical inactivity are also considered as modifiable risk factors. Therefore, it could be beneficial to investigate the effects of those modifiable risk factors on the relationship between personality traits and cognitive functions, to prepare appropriate strategies for mitigating cognitive impairment. PARTICIPANTS A total of 155 cognitively unimpaired older adults were included. METHODS All participants underwent cognitive function tests using the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery and examinations for personality traits using the Big Five Inventory. Individual physical activity and sleep quality were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, respectively. A hierarchical linear multiple regression analysis was performed to demonstrate the direct association between personality traits and cognitive functions, and the multiple moderator analysis was used to analyze the moderating effects of lifestyle factors on this association. RESULTS Among the five personality traits, only neuroticism was negatively associated with the frontal executive and visuospatial functions after controlling age, sex, and years of education. Interestingly, the negative relationship between neuroticism and frontal executive function was alleviated in older adults with higher sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that higher sleep quality has significant moderating effects on the negative association between neuroticism and frontal executive functions in older adults, which suggests intervention for improving sleep quality such as cognitive behavioral therapy can be considered in older adults who have personality traits associated with a high risk of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bori R Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruda Lee
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hyang Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Ha Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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16
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da Silva Castanheira K, Sharp M, Otto AR. The impact of pandemic-related worry on cognitive functioning and risk-taking. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260061. [PMID: 34793534 PMCID: PMC8601558 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we sought to quantify the effects of experienced fear and worry, engendered by the COVID-19 pandemic, on both cognitive abilities-speed of information processing, task-set shifting, and proactive control-as well as economic risk-taking. Leveraging a repeated-measures cross-sectional design, we examined the performance of 1517 participants, collected during the early phase of the pandemic in the US (April-June 2020), finding that self-reported pandemic-related worry predicted deficits in information processing speed and maintenance of goal-related contextual information. In a classic economic risk-taking task, we observed that worried individuals' choices were more sensitive to the described outcome probabilities of risky actions. Overall, these results elucidate the cognitive consequences of a large-scale, unpredictable, and uncontrollable stressor, which may in turn play an important role in individuals' understanding of, and adherence to safety directives both in the current crisis and future public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madeleine Sharp
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - A. Ross Otto
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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17
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Cognitive performances better identify fallers than mobility assessment among older adults with fear of falling. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:2709-2714. [PMID: 31576516 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Half of the people with fear of falling (FoF) are non-fallers, and the reason why some people considered non-fallers are afraid of falling is unknown, but reduced mobility or cognition, or both concurrently must be considered as potential risk factors. AIM The study aimed to determine if mobility and/or cognitive abilities could identify people with a history of falls in older adults with FoF. METHODS Twenty-six older adults with FoF participated in this study. Full cognitive and mobility assessments were performed assessing global cognitive impairments (MoCA score < 26), executive functions, memory, processing speed, visuospatial skills, mobility impairment (TUG time > 13.5 s), gait, balance and physical capacity. Information about falls occurring during the year prior to the inclusion was collected. Logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the association between falls and cognitive and mobility abilities. RESULTS No significant differences in age, sex, level of education or body mass index were detected between fallers and non-fallers. Cognitive impairments (MoCA score < 26) distinguished between fallers and non-fallers (p = 0.038; R2 = 0.247). Among specific cognitive functions, visuospatial skills distinguished between fallers and non-fallers (p = 0.027; R2 = 0.258). Mobility impairments (TUG time > 13.5 s), gait, balance and physical capacity were not related to past falls. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION In older adults with FoF, global cognitive deficits detected by the MoCA are important factors related to falls and more particularly visuospatial skills seem to be among the most implicated functions. These functions could be targeted in multifactorial interventions.
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18
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Dorenkamp MA, Vik P. Assessment-related anxiety among older adults: development of a measure. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2021; 28:781-795. [PMID: 32985347 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2020.1826398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Older adults are the largest population seeking neuropsychological assessment services. Anxiety has been shown to impact test scores, yet no anxiety measure currently exists specific to older adult neuropsychological assessment. This study piloted and validated the Feelings About Neuropsychological Testing measure (FANT), a measure of neuropsychological assessment anxiety developed to measure the cognitive, affective, and physiological aspects of test and state anxiety. The measure was validated on 105 community based older adults aged 55 and older. All participants were administered the FANT, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder- seven item (GAD-7), Test Anxiety Inventory- Short Form (TAI-SF), Patient Health Questionnaire- nine item (PHQ-9), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Dementia Worry Scale (DWS), and PROMIS Cognitive Function Short Form- 6a (CFSF). The measure proved feasible to administer, both the State and Test-specific dimensions demonstrated good internal consistency (state: α =.832; test: α =.894), discriminant validity, and external validity (compared to GAD-7, TAI-SF, PHQ-9, DWS, and CFSF). FANT scores may reveal patients for whom anxiety disrupts attention and attentional control, and therefore has promise as a measure that may inform assessment findings and guide possible intervention to maximize performance during testing sessions and to inform data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Dorenkamp
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR, USA
| | - P Vik
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR, USA
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19
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Farì G, de Sire A, Giorgio V, Rizzo L, Bruni A, Bianchi FP, Zonno A, Pierucci P, Ranieri M, Megna M. Impact of COVID-19 on the mental health in a cohort of Italian rehabilitation healthcare workers. J Med Virol 2021; 94:110-118. [PMID: 34387886 PMCID: PMC8426878 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a strong impact on healthcare workers (HCWs), affecting their physical and mental health. In Italy, HCWs have been among the first exposed to unprecedented pressure, dealing with large numbers of infections during the first pandemic wave. However, the severe psychological consequences on HCWs find little evidence in the literature, especially in terms of comparison to the status quo ante pandemic. The aim of this study was to provide an assessment of the mental health burden in a cohort of Italian HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic, comparing their condition with that before the emergency, to direct the promotion of mental well-being among HCWs worldwide. In this retrospective study, we included physicians, physical therapists, and nurses working in the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Neurology Unit, and Rehabilitation Unit from a Southern Italy University Hospital. All study participants underwent a battery of psychological tests, aimed at verifying their state of mental health during the COVID-19 emergency and before it. Depressive, anxiety, and burnout symptoms were assessed using the following questionnaires: Maslach Burnout Inventory, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and General Anxiety Disorder-7. Depressive, anxiety, and burnout clinical relevance symptoms were present in HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic more than those before the emergency. Fifty percent of the HCWs obtained a score clinically significant during the emergency. Moreover, a depersonalization factor showed a statistically significant increase in average scores (p < 0.0001). The PHQ-9 scale showed that 47.1% of the operators reported depressive state presence. The number of operators scoring above the cut-off for the anxiety scale tripled during the emergency (p < 0.0001). The female gender conferred greater risks for depression. Taken together, the findings of this study showed that our sample of Italian HCWs showed a greater risk for depression, anxiety, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. These data might be a starting point to plan mental health monitoring and prevention programs for HCWs, thus ensuring patients receive the best possible care performances even during healthcare crises such as the current pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Farì
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro de Sire
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Giorgio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Laura Rizzo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Bruni
- Neuropsychiatric Rehabilitation Unit, Villa Patrizia Hospital, Piossasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco P Bianchi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Zonno
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Pierucci
- Cardiothoracic Department, Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Unit, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ranieri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Marisa Megna
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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20
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Zainal NH, Newman MG. Within-person increase in pathological worry predicts future depletion of unique executive functioning domains. Psychol Med 2021; 51:1676-1686. [PMID: 32188519 PMCID: PMC7501084 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720000422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Affective neuroscience and scar theories propose that increased excessive worry, the hallmark symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), predicts future declines in executive functioning (EF). However, the preponderance of cross-sectional designs used to examine between-person chronic worry-EF relationships has blocked progress on understanding their potentially causal within-person associations. Accordingly, this study used bivariate dual latent change score (LCS) models to test whether within-person increased GAD severity might relate to future reduced EF. METHODS Community-dwelling adults (N = 2581, 46 years on average, s.d. = 11.40, 54.71% female) were assessed for GAD symptom severity (Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form) across three waves, spaced about 9 years apart. Three aspects of EF [inhibition, set-shifting, and mixing costs (MCs; a measure related to common EF)], were assessed with stop-and-go switch tasks. Participants responded to 20 normal and 20 reverse single-task block trials and 32 mixed-task switch block trials. EF tests were administered at time 2 (T2) and time 3 (T3), but not at time 1 (T1). RESULTS After controlling for T1 depression, LCS models revealed that within-person increased T1 - T2 GAD severity substantially predicted future reduced T2 - T3 inhibition and set-shifting (both indexed by accuracy and latency), and MC (indexed by latency) with moderate-to-large effect sizes (|d| = 0.51-0.96). CONCLUSIONS Results largely support scar theories by offering preliminary within-person, naturalistic evidence that heightened excessive worry can negatively predict future distinct aspects of cognitive flexibility. Effectively targeting pathological worry might prevent difficulties arising from executive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Hani Zainal
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Michelle G Newman
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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21
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Zainal NH, Newman MG. Larger increase in trait negative affect is associated with greater future cognitive decline and vice versa across 23 years. Depress Anxiety 2021; 38:146-160. [PMID: 32840954 PMCID: PMC7902413 DOI: 10.1002/da.23093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trait negative affect (NA) is a central feature of anxiety and depression disorders. Neurocognitive and scar models propose that within-person increase in NA across one period of time relates to a decline in cognitive functioning at a future period of time and vice versa. Yet, there has been little research on whether a within-person change in trait NA across one time-lag precedes and is associated with a change in cognition across a future time lag and vice versa. Due to a growing aging population, such knowledge can inform evidence-based prevention. METHODS Participants were 520 dementia-free community-dwelling adults (mean age = 59.76 years [standard deviation = 8.96], 58.08% females). Trait-level NA (negative emotionality scale), spatial cognition (block design and card rotations), verbal working memory (WM; digit span backward), and processing speed (symbol digit modalities) were assessed at five time points (waves) across 23 years. Bivariate dual latent change score (LCS) approaches were used to adjust for regression to the mean, lagged outcomes, and between-person variability. RESULTS Unique bivariate LCS models showed that within-person increase in trait NA across two sequential waves was related to declines in spatial cognition, verbal WM, and processing speed across the subsequent two waves. Moreover, within-person reductions in spatial cognition, verbal WM, and processing speed across two sequential waves were associated with future increases in trait NA across the subsequent two waves. CONCLUSIONS Findings concur with neurobiological and scar theories of psychopathology. Furthermore, results support process-based emotion regulation models that highlight the importance of verbal WM, spatial cognition, and processing speed capacities for downregulating NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Hani Zainal
- To whom all correspondence should be addressed. 378 Moore Building, Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802. . Telephone: 814-863-0115. Fax: (814) 863-7002
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22
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Di Rosa E, Masina F, Vallesi A, Mapelli D. The Role of Motivation and Anxiety on Error Awareness in Younger and Older Adults. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:567718. [PMID: 33679465 PMCID: PMC7933585 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.567718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with several changes in cognitive functions, as well as in motivational and affective processes, which in turn interact with cognitive functions. The present study aimed to investigate error awareness (EA), which declines with aging, in relation to motivation and anxiety. Adopting an experimental task, we firstly tested the hypothesis that EA could be enhanced through reward motivation. Secondly, we explored the relation between state and trait anxiety and EA, investigating the hypothesis of an association between EA and anxiety, and between anxiety and the potential benefit of motivation on EA. Thirty healthy younger (age range: 19-35 years; mean age 25.4 ± 5.1; 10 M) and 30 healthy older adults (age range: 61-83 years; mean age 69.7 ± 5.5; 12 M) took part in the study and performed both the classic Error Awareness Task (EAT) and one experimental task, called the Motivational EAT. In this new task, motivational incentives were delivered after aware correct responses and aware errors. For every participant, standard measures of state and trait anxiety and cognitive functions were collected. Confirming the presence of a significant age-related EA decline, results did not reveal any influence of reward motivation on EA, nor any relation between EA and anxiety. However, both younger and older adults had longer response times (RTs) and made more errors during the Motivational EAT, with the more anxious participants showing the greater RT slowing. Findings suggest that reward motivation might not be always beneficial for cognitive performance, as well as that anxiety does not relate to EA capacity. Results also recommend further investigation, as well as the assessment of EA in patients with either motivational deficits like apathy, and/or with anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Di Rosa
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,School of Psychology, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Masina
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Antonino Vallesi
- Department of Neuroscience & Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Daniela Mapelli
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Sutin AR, Stephan Y, Terracciano A. Self-Reported Personality Traits and Informant-Rated Cognition: A 10-Year Prospective Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 72:181-190. [PMID: 31561364 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Personality traits, such as higher Neuroticism and lower Conscientiousness, are associated with risk of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. A diagnosis of dementia relies, in part, on informant ratings of the individual's cognitive status. Here we examine whether self-reported personality traits are associated with four measures of informant-rated cognition up to a decade later. Participants from the Health and Retirement Study (N = 2,536) completed a five-factor model measure of personality in 2006 or 2008. Informants completed the 2016 Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP), which included ratings of the participant's current cognitive functioning and change in cognitive function over the last decade assessed with the IQCODE, Blessed, 1066, and CSID. Controlling for characteristics of the participant, informant, and their relationship, higher Neuroticism and lower Conscientiousness were associated consistently with worse informant-rated cognition. The association between Openness and better informant-rated cognition was due primarily to higher baseline cognitive function. Extraversion and Agreeableness were associated with better informant-rated cognition only among participants who were cognitively intact at follow-up. The present research suggests that knowledgeable informants are able to detect cognitive deficits associated with personality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina R Sutin
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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24
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de Kerangal M, Vickers D, Chait M. The effect of healthy aging on change detection and sensitivity to predictable structure in crowded acoustic scenes. Hear Res 2020; 399:108074. [PMID: 33041093 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.108074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The auditory system plays a critical role in supporting our ability to detect abrupt changes in our surroundings. Here we study how this capacity is affected in the course of healthy ageing. Artifical acoustic 'scenes', populated by multiple concurrent streams of pure tones ('sources') were used to capture the challenges of listening in complex acoustic environments. Two scene conditions were included: REG scenes consisted of sources characterized by a regular temporal structure. Matched RAND scenes contained sources which were temporally random. Changes, manifested as the abrupt disappearance of one of the sources, were introduced to a subset of the trials and participants ('young' group N = 41, age 20-38 years; 'older' group N = 41, age 60-82 years) were instructed to monitor the scenes for these events. Previous work demonstrated that young listeners exhibit better change detection performance in REG scenes, reflecting sensitivity to temporal structure. Here we sought to determine: (1) Whether 'baseline' change detection ability (i.e. in RAND scenes) is affected by age. (2) Whether aging affects listeners' sensitivity to temporal regularity. (3) How change detection capacity relates to listeners' hearing and cognitive profile (a battery of tests that capture hearing and cognitive abilities hypothesized to be affected by aging). The results demonstrated that healthy aging is associated with reduced sensitivity to abrupt scene changes in RAND scenes but that performance does not correlate with age or standard audiological measures such as pure tone audiometry or speech in noise performance. Remarkably older listeners' change detection performance improved substantially (up to the level exhibited by young listeners) in REG relative to RAND scenes. This suggests that the ability to extract and track the regularity associated with scene sources, even in crowded acoustic environments, is relatively preserved in older listeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde de Kerangal
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1 X 8EE, UK
| | - Deborah Vickers
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1 X 8EE, UK; Cambridge Hearing Group, Clinical Neurosciences Department, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria Chait
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1 X 8EE, UK.
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25
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McHugh Power J, Tang J, Kenny RA, Lawlor BA, Kee F. Mediating the relationship between loneliness and cognitive function: the role of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:1071-1078. [PMID: 30955348 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1599816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between loneliness and cognitive functioning, and whether depressive and anxiety symptoms have intermediate roles therein.Methods: Information about 7,433 participants of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (a prospective, representative cohort study), aged over 50, was collected at three time-points two years apart, and analysed using Structural Equation Modelling to assess whether depressive and anxiety symptoms mediate the relationship between loneliness and cognitive functioning. Cognitive functioning was measured as a latent factor, with four indicators: measures of immediate and delayed word recall, verbal fluency, and a global measure (the MMSE). Loneliness was measured using the UCLA Loneliness scale, depressive symptoms using the CES-D-ML scale, and anxiety symptoms using the HADS-A scale.Results: Loneliness at time-point 1 predicted cognitive functioning at time-point 3, β = -0.103, p < 0.001, and depressive (β = 0.426, p < 0.001) and anxiety (β = 0.410, p < 0.001) symptoms at time-point 2. Depressive (β = -0.020, p = 0.001) but not anxiety (β = -0.000, p = 0.658) symptoms mediated the relationship between loneliness and cognitive functioning, total effect: β = -0.123, p < 0.001.Conclusion: The relationship between loneliness and cognitive functioning is in part explained by its relationship with depressive symptoms. Statistically, the mediation model helps us understand possible mechanisms through which loneliness impacts cognitive functioning. Results have implications for cognitive functioning interventions for older adults, and imply that loneliness is also a worthwhile target for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna McHugh Power
- School of Business National College of Ireland, Dublin 1, Ireland.,UK CRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.,Institute of Neuroscience & School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jianjun Tang
- School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Rose Ann Kenny
- Institute of Neuroscience & School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Brian A Lawlor
- Institute of Neuroscience & School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Frank Kee
- UK CRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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26
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Macaulay TR, Fisher BE, Schroeder ET. Potential Indirect Mechanisms of Cognitive Enhancement After Long-Term Resistance Training in Older Adults. Phys Ther 2020; 100:907-916. [PMID: 31944253 PMCID: PMC7530578 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzaa013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of dementia and other age-associated cognitive disorders is steadily increasing worldwide. With no cure after diagnosis, successful treatment likely requires maximum adherence to preventative countermeasures. Many potential risk factors are modifiable through exercise. Specifically, mounting evidence suggests that long-term resistance training (RT) can help maintain cognitive abilities with aging and have additional benefits to overall brain health. Physical therapists are uniquely positioned to administer such clinical interventions designed to slow disease progression. However, a neuroscientific foundation for these benefits must be established to justify the integration of RT for brain health into practice. The mechanisms of cognitive decline are commonly linked to fundamental processes of aging. Even healthy older adults experience decreases in physical capacity, vascular function, brain structure and function, glucose regulation, inflammation, mood, and sleep quality. Yet, clinical trials involving RT in older adults have consistently demonstrated improvements in each of these systems with concomitant enhancement of cognitive performance. Beneficial adaptations may indirectly or directly mediate benefits to brain function, and understanding this relationship can help us develop optimal intervention strategies for the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Macaulay
- Clinical Exercise Research Center, Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, 1540 East Alcazar St, CHP 149, Los Angeles, CA 90089 (USA). Address all correspondence to Mr Macaulay at:
| | - Beth E Fisher
- Clinical Exercise Research Center, Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California
| | - E Todd Schroeder
- Clinical Exercise Research Center, Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California
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Pearman A, Neupert SD, Hughes ML. State Anxiety Is Related to Cortisol Response During Cognitive Testing for Older Adults. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2020; 6:2333721420914776. [PMID: 32284956 PMCID: PMC7139176 DOI: 10.1177/2333721420914776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive testing situations can be stressful for both younger and older adults,
but threats of cognitive evaluation may be particularly salient among anxious
older individuals as they tend to be more concerned than younger adults about
their cognitive abilities and age-related cognitive decline. We examined
age-related differences in the effect of anxiety on cortisol responses during
cognitive testing in a sample of 27 younger (M = 19.8) and 29
older (M = 71.2) adults. Older adults with higher anxiety also
had higher during-task cortisol (suggesting higher reactivity to testing) than
older adults with lower anxiety and young adults. There was no effect of anxiety
on cortisol for younger adults. Simultaneously examining subjective (state
anxiety) and physiological (cortisol response) indicators of threat during
cognitive testing appears to be especially important for older adults with
higher state anxiety. The results are important for understanding cortisol
reactivity, particularly in older adults. Researchers who administer cognitive
tests to older adults and clinicians who work with older adults with cognitive
concerns and/or anxiety may want to consider how they present their
material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Pearman
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
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28
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Mella N, Vallet F, Beaudoin M, Fagot D, Baeriswyl M, Ballhausen N, Métral G, Sauter J, Ihle A, Gabriel R, Oris M, Kliegel M, Desrichard O. Distinct effects of cognitive versus somatic anxiety on cognitive performance in old age: the role of working memory capacity. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:604-610. [PMID: 30596468 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1548566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The adverse effects of anxiety on cognition are widely recognized. According to Attentional Control Theory, worry (i.e. facet of cognitive anxiety) is the component that is responsible for these effects, and working memory capacity (WMC) plays an important role in regulating them. Despite the increasing importance of this problem with aging, little is known about how these mechanisms interact in old age. In this study, we explored the distinct contributions of the somatic and cognitive components of anxiety to neuropsychological performance, and the potential moderating role of WMC.Method: We administered cognitive tasks testing processing speed, cognitive flexibility and working memory to 605 older adults, who also underwent depression and test anxiety assessments (data from VLV study).Results: Multiple regression analyses showed that cognitive (but not somatic) aspects of anxiety affected cognitive flexibility. The effect of cognitive anxiety on processing speed was moderated by WMC: the anxiety-performance association was lower for participants with greater WMC.Conclusion: Results confirmed the specific role of worry in the anxiety-performance relationship in old age and supported the hypothesis that working memory resources regulates its deleterious effect on cognition. The absence of a moderation effect in the more costly switching task may reflect a limitation of resources with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Mella
- Groupe de Recherche en Psychologie de la Santé, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Cognitive Aging Lab, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fanny Vallet
- Groupe de Recherche en Psychologie de la Santé, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Delphine Fagot
- Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Baeriswyl
- Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Ballhausen
- Cognitive Aging Lab, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Grégoire Métral
- Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julia Sauter
- Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Ihle
- Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Gabriel
- Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michel Oris
- Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- Cognitive Aging Lab, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Desrichard
- Groupe de Recherche en Psychologie de la Santé, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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29
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Zhang Y, Chen J, Hou X, Guo Y, Lv R, Xu S, Nie S, Liu X. Dysfunction of processing task-irrelevant emotional faces in primary insomnia patients: an evidence from expression-related visual MMN. Sleep Breath 2020; 25:41-48. [PMID: 32185631 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-020-02058-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE According to the cognitive processing perspectives, patients with insomnia have insufficient neural management of expressional information. In this study, we compared the pre-attentive processing function of task-irrelevant facial expressions in patients with primary insomnia (PI) and matched healthy controls, with expression-related mismatch negativity (EMMN) elicited by emotional faces as the indicator. METHODS Using three schematic facial expressions (neutral, happy, and sad) as task-irrelevant stimuli, we investigated the visual processing of PI patients (n = 22) and healthy subjects (n = 22) in an expression-related oddball paradigm designed to elicit the visual N170 and EMMN component. After recording and analyzing the electroencephalogram of all participants, amplitude analysis of N170 and EMMN was eventually conducted under corresponding time window. RESULTS Compared with control group, the amplitude of sad-EMMN component was significantly attenuated in patients with PI, while no remarkable difference was observed under the happy condition. In addition, negative cognitive bias was further validated in the control group, but not presented in the PI group. CONCLUSION The current data suggest dysfunctional expressional information processing in PI patients, accompanied by the disorganization of high level perceptual strategy of processing facial emotional expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Senile Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Senile Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xunyao Hou
- Department of Senile Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunliang Guo
- Department of Senile Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Renjun Lv
- Department of Senile Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Xu
- Department of Senile Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanjing Nie
- Department of Senile Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueping Liu
- Department of Senile Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China. .,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Anti-Aging, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Liu W, Zhou Y, Zheng W, Wang C, Zhan Y, Lan X, Zhang B, Li H, Chen L, Ning Y. Repeated intravenous infusions of ketamine: Neurocognition in patients with anxious and nonanxious treatment-resistant depression. J Affect Disord 2019; 259:1-6. [PMID: 31430662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have suggested that neurocognition is changed after repeated infusions of ketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The objective of this study was to investigate whether differences existed in the neurocognitive effect of six ketamine infusions in patients with anxious and nonanxious TRD and to determine the association between baseline neurocognition and changes in symptoms after the infusions. METHOD Patients with anxious (n = 30) and nonanxious TRD (n = 20) received six intravenous infusions of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg over 40 min) over 12 days. Speed of processing (SOP), working memory (WM), verbal learning and memory (VBM), visual learning and memory (VSM) and the severity of depressive and anxious symptoms were assessed at baseline, one day after the last infusion (day 13) and two weeks after the completion of the serial infusions (day 26). A linear mixed model was used to determine whether the neurocognitive changes differed between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between baseline neurocognition and the changes in the symptomatic scores. RESULTS Patients with anxious TRD had significant increases in SOP on day 13 and day 26 (both p < 0.001), and in VBM on day 13 (p = 0.028). However, no significant increase in any neurocognitive domain was found in patients with nonanxious TRD. Faster SOP at baseline was associated with greater improvement of anxious symptoms in patients with anxious TRD, and better VSM at baseline was associated with greater improvement of depressive symptoms in patients with nonanxious TRD. LIMITATION The major limitation of this study is the open-label design. CONCLUSION After six ketamine infusions, neurocognitive improvement was observed in patients with anxious TRD but not in patients with nonanxious TRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Liu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Zhou
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengyu Wang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanni Zhan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanqiu Li
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijian Chen
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Ning
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China.
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31
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Avila JF, Vonk JMJ, Verney SP, Witkiewitz K, Arce Rentería M, Schupf N, Mayeux R, Manly JJ. Sex/gender differences in cognitive trajectories vary as a function of race/ethnicity. Alzheimers Dement 2019; 15:1516-1523. [PMID: 31606366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study sought to determine whether cognitive trajectories differ between men and women across and within racial/ethnic groups. METHODS Participants were 5258 non-Hispanic White (NHW), Black, and Hispanic men and women in the Washington/Hamilton Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project who were administered neuropsychological tests of memory, language, and visuospatial abilities at 18- to 24-month intervals for up to 25 years. Multiple-group latent growth curve modeling examined trajectories across sex/gender by race/ethnicity. RESULTS After adjusting for age and education, the largest baseline differences were between NHW men and Hispanic women on visuospatial and language, and between NHW women and Black men on memory. Memory and visuospatial decline was steeper for Black women compared with Hispanic men and NHW women, respectively. DISCUSSION This study takes an important first step in understanding interactions between race/ethnicity and sex/gender on cognitive trajectories by demonstrating variability in sex/gender differences across race/ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina F Avila
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jet M J Vonk
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven P Verney
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Katie Witkiewitz
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Miguel Arce Rentería
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer J Manly
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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32
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Weinstein G, Elran Barak R, Schnaider Beeri M, Ravona-Springer R. Personality traits and cognitive function in old-adults with type-2 diabetes. Aging Ment Health 2019; 23:1317-1325. [PMID: 30406666 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1493720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Personality may constitute an important domain of influence on cognitive function in old-adults. We assessed the relationship of personality traits and cognitive performance in individuals with Type-2 Diabetes (T2D), and explored possible mediators. Method: The sample includes 377 dementia-free subjects with T2D participating in the Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline study who underwent assessment of cognition and personality (mean age 72 ± 4y; 42% females). We assessed the relationships of personality traits with episodic memory, semantic categorization, attention/working memory, executive function and overall cognition using linear regression models adjusting for age, education, sex, BMI, T2D duration, Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), hypertension, c-reactive protein, total- to HDL-cholesterol ratio and ApoEɛ4 genotype. A post-hoc mediation analysis was conducted with HbA1C, proportion of days covered (PDC) by T2D prescription claims and depressive symptoms. Results: After adjustment for multiple covariates, high neuroticism levels were associated with poorer performance overall (β= -0.16 ± 0.05; p = 0.001) and with poorer episodic memory, attention/working memory, and semantic categorization (β= -0.14 ± 0.05; p = 0.007, β= -0.12 ± 0.05; p = 0.017 and β= -0.12 ± 0.05; p = 0.018, respectively). High scores on openness to experience were associated with better global cognition (β = 0.11 ± 0.05; p = 0.026), executive functions (β = 0.13 ± 0.05; p = 0.013) and semantic categorization (β = 0.17 ± 0.05; p = 0.001, respectively). Depressive symptoms mediated the association of neuroticism with executive function, and the association of openness with executive function and overall cognition. Conclusion: Personality may play an important role in cognitive health among elderly subjects with T2D. Future studies should address the mechanisms underlying these relationships and specifically the potential role of depressive symptoms which may be in the causal pathway between personality traits and cognitive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galit Weinstein
- a School of Public Health, University of Haifa , Haifa , Israel
| | | | - Michal Schnaider Beeri
- b Department of Psychiatry, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA.,c The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center , Tel-Hashomer , Israel
| | - Ramit Ravona-Springer
- d Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center , Ramat-Gan , Israel.,e Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
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Ajtahed SS, Rezapour T, Etemadi S, Moradi H, Habibi Asgarabad M, Ekhtiari H. Efficacy of Neurocognitive Rehabilitation After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in Improving Quality of Life: An Interventional Trial. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1759. [PMID: 31440180 PMCID: PMC6694840 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive deficits are frequent after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and consequently could lead to a decrease in quality of life. This is the first study that has been conducted with the aim of examining the efficacy of a computerized cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CCRT) in improving quality of life in patients after CABG surgery. Methods In this study, an interventional trial with pre-, post-, and follow-up assessments in active (CCRT), active control and control groups was conducted. Seventy-five patients after CABG surgery were selected and assigned to the groups (n = 25 for each group). CCRT consists of four modules of attention, working memory, response inhibition and processing speed training with graded schedule in 20-min sessions three times per week within 8 weeks. Cognitive functions (attention and working memory) were assessed by the tests of continuous performance, Flanker, useful field of view and digit span at three time points: pre- and post-intervention (T0 and T1) and 6-month follow-up (T2). Quality of life was assessed by the SF-36 questionnaire at the same time points. The CCRT group received the cognitive rehabilitation for 2 months, active control group received a sham version of CCRT in an equal time duration and control group did not receive any cognitive intervention. Results Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a time by group interaction on cognitive functions, with CCRT producing a significant improvement at T1 (p < 0.01) and these improvements were maintained at T2. Moreover, in CCRT and active control groups, quality of life (QoL) improved at T1 and these improvements remained stable throughout follow-up (T2). However, improvement of QoL in CCRT group was greater than improvement of QoL in the other two groups at T1. Pearson’s correlation analysis shows a positive correlation between QoL improvement and sustained attention and working memory enhancement (p < 0.05). Conclusion Cognitive rehabilitation can lead to a significant improvement in the cognitive functions that have been trained in patients receiving CABG. Interestingly enough, cognitive rehabilitation can also improve quality of life in patients after CABG surgery and this improvement is maintained for at least 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tara Rezapour
- Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Moradi
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Habibi Asgarabad
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Translational Neuroscience Program, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Subjective cognitive functioning and associations with psychological distress in adult brain tumour survivors. J Cancer Surviv 2019; 13:653-662. [PMID: 31313128 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-019-00784-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The impact of brain tumour on subjective cognitive function (SCF) has received little attention despite the implications of these perceptions for quality of life. SCF consists of two related yet distinct components, perceived cognitive impairment (PCI) and perceived cognitive abilities (PCA). This study compared the SCF of adult brain tumour survivors and healthy controls and examined demographic, illness-related, and psychological factors associated with SCF. METHOD Sixty-five adult survivors with primary brain tumour (age, 22-75 years), and 65 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. Participants with brain tumour completed the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function (FACT-Cog), ratings of physical symptoms, Depression Scale of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-Depression), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale. Controls completed the FACT-Cog, DASS-Depression, and GAD-7. RESULTS Adult brain tumour survivors reported significantly greater PCI and lower PCA than controls, after accounting for anxiety. Higher PCI was significantly related to fatigue, pain, treatment-related side-effects, anxiety, and depression. Lower PCA was significantly associated with fatigue, pain, poorer objective cognitive function, lower education, anxiety, and depression. Anxiety uniquely accounted for 9-14% of variance in SCF. CONCLUSIONS Adult brain tumour survivors were found to experience poorer SCF than healthy controls after accounting for anxiety. SCF was related to multiple factors after brain tumour; however, an independent association with anxiety was identified. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS These findings highlight the potential value of psychological interventions targeting anxiety and cognitive effects to improve quality of survivorship after brain tumour.
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The impact of attack frequency and duration on neurocognitive processing in migraine sufferers: evidence from event-related potentials using a modified oddball paradigm. BMC Neurol 2019; 19:73. [PMID: 31029122 PMCID: PMC6487030 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1305-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have suggested that migraineurs suffer from neurocognitive abnormalities, but this phenomenon and exact mechanisms remain controversial. In this study, we aimed to reevaluate visual spatial attention via event-related potential (ERP) examinations and explore further correlations between ERP data and migraine characteristics. Methods Altogether, 25 migraine patients (9 males, 16 females; mean age 35.240 years) in the interictal period and 21 age-matched healthy controls (8 males, 13 females; mean age 35.286 years) were recruited. A modified visual oddball paradigm which contained standard, target and novel stimuli was used in the test, and amplitudes and latencies of corresponding original/difference ERP components were measured and analyzed independently. Results We found that P3 amplitude was markedly reduced in migraineurs. This phenomenon was further validated in analysis of difference P3 components (target minus standard and novel minus standard). Additionally, the N1 and N2 latencies elicited by novel stimulus were both delayed in patients compared with controls. Furthermore, these deviant cognitive ERPs were correlated with frequency and duration of migraine attacks. Conclusions These results indicated impaired visual spatial attention in migraine patients, which could be related to frequency and duration of attacks.
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Liu W, Zhou Y, Zheng W, Wang C, Zhan Y, Li H, Chen L, Zhao C, Ning Y. Mediating effect of neurocognition between severity of symptoms and social-occupational function in anxious depression. J Affect Disord 2019; 246:667-673. [PMID: 30611065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with neurocognitive impairment and reduced social-occupational function. However, neurocognition and social-occupational function in patients with anxious depression have been under-investigated. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that neurocognition plays an important role in social-occupational function. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of severity of symptoms, neurocognition and social-occupational function in patients with anxious depression. METHOD Using a cross-sectional design, 214 patients with MDD were recruited consecutively and evaluated using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating scale (HAMD-17), the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). RESULT The prevalence of anxious depression in MDD patients was 64.5%. Compared to non-anxious subjects, the anxious group had more severe symptoms. Moreover, in the anxious group, social-occupational function was associated with several domains of symptoms and neurocognition, while social-occupational function was associated with only one aspect of depressive symptoms (cognitive disturbance) in the non-anxious group. In addition, there was a mediating effect of neurocognition on the association between the severity of symptoms and social-occupational function in the anxious group. LIMITATIONS The major limitation of the present study is the use of a cross-sectional design that is unable to illuminate causal relationships. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the severity of symptoms is negatively associated with neurocognition and social-occupational function and that neurocognition is positively associated with social-occupational function in patients with anxious depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Liu
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Zhou
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengyu Wang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanni Zhan
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanqiu Li
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijian Chen
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cunyou Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuping Ning
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Metal Disorders, Guangzhou, China.
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Caviezel MP, Reichert CF, Sadeghi Bahmani D, Linnemann C, Liechti C, Bieri O, Borgwardt S, Leyhe T, Melcher T. The Neural Mechanisms of Associative Memory Revisited: fMRI Evidence from Implicit Contingency Learning. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:1002. [PMID: 32116821 PMCID: PMC7008231 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The literature describes a basic neurofunctional antagonism between episodic memory encoding and retrieval with opposed patterns of neural activation and deactivation, particularly in posterior midline regions. This has been coined the encoding/retrieval (E/R) flip. The present fMRI study uses an innovative task paradigm to further elucidate neurofunctional relations of encoding and retrieval in associative memory. Thereby, memory encoding is implemented as implicit (non-deliberate) cognitive process, whereas the prior literature focused mainly on explicit encoding. Moreover, instead of defining brain activations related to successful (vs. unsuccessful) memory performance, the task paradigm provides proper no-memory baseline conditions. More specifically, the encoding task includes trials with non-contingent (not learnable) stimulus combinations, while the retrieval task uses trials with a simple matching exercise with no mnemonic requirements. The analyses revealed circumscribed activation in the posterior middle cingulate cortex (pMCC) together with prominent deactivation in the anterior insula cortex (aIC) as core neural substrate of implicit memory encoding. Thereby, the pMCC exhibited positive functional connectivity to the hippocampus. Memory retrieval was related to an activation pattern exactly opposed to memory encoding with deactivation in the pMCC and activation in the aIC, while the aIC additionally exhibited a negative (i.e., arguably inhibitive) functional connectivity to the pMCC. Important to note, the observed pattern of activations/de-activations in the pMCC appears to conflict with prevalent E/R flip findings. The outlined results and their (alleged) discrepancies with prior study reports are discussed primarily in the context of the default mode network's functioning and its context-sensitive regulation. Finally, we point out the relevance of the present work for the understanding and further investigation of the neurofunctional aberrations occurring during normal and pathological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco P Caviezel
- Center of Old Age Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carolin F Reichert
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric University Hospital (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dena Sadeghi Bahmani
- Center of Old Age Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Center of Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, and Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Christoph Linnemann
- Center of Old Age Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Liechti
- Center of Old Age Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Translational Psychiatry Unit (TPU), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Psychiatric University Hospital (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Leyhe
- Center of Old Age Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Melcher
- Center of Old Age Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Hernandez AR, Hernandez CM, Campos K, Truckenbrod L, Federico Q, Moon B, McQuail JA, Maurer AP, Bizon JL, Burke SN. A Ketogenic Diet Improves Cognition and Has Biochemical Effects in Prefrontal Cortex That Are Dissociable From Hippocampus. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:391. [PMID: 30559660 PMCID: PMC6286979 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related cognitive decline has been linked to a diverse set of neurobiological mechanisms, including bidirectional changes in proteins critical for neuron function. Importantly, these alterations are not uniform across the brain. For example, the hippocampus (HPC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) show distinct patterns of dysfunction in advanced age. Because higher cognitive functions require large–scale interactions across prefrontal cortical and hippocampal networks, selectively targeting an alteration within one region may not broadly restore function to improve cognition. One mechanism for decline that the PFC and HPC share, however, is a reduced ability to utilize glucose for energy metabolism. Although this suggests that therapeutic strategies bypassing the need for neuronal glycolysis may be beneficial for treating cognitive aging, this approach has not been empirically tested. Thus, the current study used a ketogenic diet (KD) as a global metabolic strategy for improving brain function in young and aged rats. After 12 weeks, rats were trained to perform a spatial alternation task through an asymmetrical maze, in which one arm was closed and the other was open. Both young and aged KD-fed rats showed resilience against the anxiogenic open arm, training to alternation criterion performance faster than control animals. Following alternation testing, rats were trained to perform a cognitive dual task that required working memory while simultaneously performing a bi-conditional association task (WM/BAT), which requires PFC–HPC interactions. All KD-fed rats also demonstrated improved performance on WM/BAT. At the completion of behavioral testing, tissue punches were collected from the PFC for biochemical analysis. KD-fed rats had biochemical alterations within PFC that were dissociable from previous results in the HPC. Specifically, MCT1 and MCT4, which transport ketone bodies, were significantly increased in KD-fed rats compared to controls. GLUT1, which transports glucose across the blood brain barrier, was decreased in KD-fed rats. Contrary to previous observations within the HPC, the vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT1) did not change with age or diet within the PFC. The vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT), however, was increased within PFC similar to HPC. These data suggest that KDs could be optimal for enhancing large-scale network function that is critical for higher cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbi R Hernandez
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Caesar M Hernandez
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Keila Campos
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Leah Truckenbrod
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Quinten Federico
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Brianna Moon
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Joseph A McQuail
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Andrew P Maurer
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jennifer L Bizon
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sara N Burke
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Zainal NH, Newman MG. Executive function and other cognitive deficits are distal risk factors of generalized anxiety disorder 9 years later. Psychol Med 2018; 48:2045-2053. [PMID: 29224581 PMCID: PMC6707521 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717003579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The cognitive model (Hirsch & Mathews, 2012) and attentional control theory (Eysenck & Derakshan, 2011) postulate that compromised executive function (EF) and other cognitive constructs are negatively linked to increased excessive and uncontrollable worry, the core symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). However, the prospective link between neuropsychological constructs and GAD are not well understood. METHODS A nationally representative sample of 2605 community-dwelling adults whose average age was 55.20 (s.d. = 11.41, range 33-84; 56.31% females) participated at baseline and 9-year follow-up. Baseline neuropsychological function and symptoms were measured using the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone and Composite International Diagnostic Interview - Short Form. Multivariate Poisson and negative binomial regression analyses were conducted with 11 baseline covariates entered simultaneously: age, gender, years of formal education, perceived control, hypertension/diabetes, body mass index, exercise status, as well as GAD severity, panic disorder severity, and depression severity. Those with baseline GAD were also removed. RESULTS Lower Time 1 composite global cognition z-score independently predicted higher Time 2 GAD severity and diagnosis [odds ratio (OR) 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.40-0.89, p = 0.01]. Poor inhibition, set-shifting, working memory (WM) updating, inductive reasoning, and global cognition sequentially forecasted heightened GAD. However, processing speed, verbal WM, verbal fluency, and episodic memory did not predict future GAD. CONCLUSION Global cognition, inductive reasoning, inhibition, set-shifting, and WM updating EF impairments may be distal risk factors for elevated GAD nearly a decade later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Hani Zainal
- Department of Psychology,The Pennsylvania State University,University Park,PA 16802,USA
| | - Michelle G Newman
- Department of Psychology,The Pennsylvania State University,University Park,PA 16802,USA
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Waris O, Soveri A, Lukasik KM, Lehtonen M, Laine M. Working memory and the Big Five. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Six-month longitudinal associations between cognitive functioning and distress among the community-based elderly in Hong Kong: A cross-lagged panel analysis. Psychiatry Res 2018; 265:77-81. [PMID: 29694932 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although previous studies have extensively documented the cross-sectional relationship between cognitive impairment and psychological distress, findings relating to their longitudinal associations remains mixed. The present study examines the longitudinal associations and mutual influence between cognitive functioning and psychological distress across six months among community-dwelling elderly in Hong Kong. A total of 162 older adults (40 males; Mage = 69.8 years, SD = 6.4) were administered objective and subjective measures of cognitive functioning, as well as self-reported ratings of distress, at two time points six months apart. Using structural equation modeling, we tested the cross-lagged relationships between cognitive functioning and distress. Our cross-lagged model indicated that cognitive functioning at baseline significantly predicted subsequent psychological distress. However, distress was not significantly associated with subsequent cognitive functioning. Additionally, the objective and subjective measures of cognitive functioning were not significantly correlated. These findings suggested that distress may occur as a consequence of poorer cognitive functioning in elderly, but not vice versa. The lack of correlation between objective and subjective cognitive measures suggested that the participants may not have adequate insight into their cognitive abilities. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety possibly interferes with executive functioning, although most studies rely on anxiety symptoms or lack control for comorbid depression. The objective of the present study is to examine the association between executive functioning and (individual) anxiety disorders with ak,ld without controlling for depression. METHOD Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder with and without agoraphobia, agoraphobia, social phobia, as well as depressive disorder according to DSM-IV criteria were assessed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview in 82,360 community-dwelling people participating in the Lifelines cohort. Figural fluency as a measure of executive functioning was assessed with the Ruff Figural Fluency Test (RFTT). Linear regression analyses with the RFFT score as the dependent variable and psychiatric diagnosis as independent variables (dummies) were performed, adjusted for potential confounders. Multivariate results are presented with and without adjustment for depression. RESULTS Presence of any anxiety disorder was associated with worse performance on the RFFT (B = - 0.78, SE = 0.32, p = .015), independent of depression. No dose-response relationship with the number of anxiety disorders was found. Only agoraphobia and generalized anxiety disorder were significantly associated with the RFFT score in the multivariate models. Agoraphobia remained significant when further adjusted for depressive disorder (B = - 1.14, SE = 0.41, p < .01), while GAD did not (B = 0.013, SE = 0.431, p = .975). LIMITATIONS Executive function was tested by only one measure, namely figural fluency. CONCLUSION Agoraphobia is associated with worse executive functioning. Treatment of agoraphobia could be influenced by the executive dysfunction which clinicians should be aware of when regular treatment fails.
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Abete Fornara G, Di Cristofori A, Bertani GA, Carrabba G, Zarino B. Constructional Apraxia in Older Patients with Brain Tumors: Considerations with an Up-To-Date Review of the Literature. World Neurosurg 2018; 114:e1130-e1137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Memory performance in older adults: Experimental evidence for the indirect effect of memory self-efficacy on processing efficiency through worry. MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11031-018-9703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Kassem AM, Ganguli M, Yaffe K, Hanlon JT, Lopez OL, Wilson JW, Ensrud K, Cauley JA. Anxiety symptoms and risk of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in the oldest old women. Aging Ment Health 2018; 22:474-482. [PMID: 28071922 PMCID: PMC5894510 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2016.1274370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research is limited and findings conflict regarding anxiety as a predictor of future cognitive decline in the oldest old persons. We examined the relationship between levels of and changes in anxiety symptoms, and subsequent dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the oldest old women. METHOD We conducted secondary analyses of data collected from 1425 community-dwelling women (mean age = 82.8, SD ±3.1 years) followed on average for five years. The Goldberg Anxiety Scale was used to assess anxiety symptoms at baseline, and an expert clinical panel adjudicated dementia and MCI at follow-up. Participants with probable cognitive impairment at baseline were excluded. RESULTS At baseline, 190 (13%) women had moderate/severe anxiety symptoms and 403 (28%) had mild anxiety symptoms. Compared with those with no anxiety symptoms at baseline, women with mild anxiety symptoms were more likely to develop dementia at follow-up (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio = 1.66, 95% confidence interval 1.12-2.45). No significant association was observed between anxiety symptoms and MCI. CONCLUSION In the oldest old women, our findings suggest that mild anxiety symptoms may predict future risk of dementia, but not MCI. Future studies should explore potential biological mechanisms underlying associations of anxiety with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Kassem
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Mary Ganguli
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States,Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Joseph T. Hanlon
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Oscar L. Lopez
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - John W. Wilson
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Kristine Ensrud
- Department of Medicine and Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States
| | - Jane A. Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
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Camacho A, Tarraf W, Jimenez DE, Gallo LC, Gonzalez P, Kaplan RC, Lamar M, Khambaty T, Thyagarajan B, Perreira KM, Hernandez R, Cai J, Daviglus ML, Wassertheil-Smoller S, González HM. Anxious Depression and Neurocognition among Middle-Aged and Older Hispanic/Latino Adults: Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Results. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018; 26:238-249. [PMID: 28684241 PMCID: PMC5752627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to examine the association between verbal learning, fluency, and processing speed with anxious depression symptomatology (ADS) among diverse Hispanics. We hypothesized an inverse association of anxious depression with neurocognition among Hispanics of different heritage. DESIGN Data are from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. The sample included 9,311participants aged 45-74 years (mean: 56.5 years). A latent class analysis of items from the Center for Epidemiological Studies for Depression scale and the Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to derive an anxious depression construct. Neurocognitive measures included scores on the Brief Spanish English Verbal Learning Test (B-SEVLT, learning and recall trials), Word Fluency (WF), Digit Symbol Substitution (DSS) test, and a Global Cognitive Score (GCS). We fit survey linear regression models to test the associations between anxious depression symptomatology and cognitive function. We tested for effect modification by sex, Hispanic heritage, and age groups. RESULTS Among men, 71.6% reported low, 23.3% moderate, and 5.1% high ADS. Among women, 55.1% reported low, 33.2% moderate, and 11.8% high ADS. After controlling for age, sex, sociodemographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors and disease, and antidepressant use, we found significant inverse associations between moderate and high anxious depression (ref:low) with B-SEVLT learning and recall, DSS and GCS. Moderate, but not high, anxious depression was inversely associated with WF. Associations were not modified by sex, Hispanic heritage, or age. CONCLUSIONS Increased anxious depression symptomatology is associated with decreased neurocognitive function among Hispanics. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish temporality and infer if negative emotional symptoms precede cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Camacho
- Departments of Psychiatry, Family Medicine, and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA.
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology and Department of Healthcare Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Daniel E Jimenez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Aging, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Patricia Gonzalez
- Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Krista M Perreira
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Rosalba Hernandez
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Hector M González
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
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47
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Holmes SE, Esterlis I, Mazure CM, Lim YY, Ames D, Rainey-Smith S, Fowler C, Ellis K, Martins RN, Salvado O, Doré V, Villemagne VL, Rowe CC, Laws SM, Masters CL, Pietrzak RH, Maruff P. Trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms in older adults: a 6-year prospective cohort study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018; 33:405-413. [PMID: 28736899 PMCID: PMC5773367 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depressive and anxiety symptoms are common in older adults, significantly affect quality of life, and are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. We sought to identify the determinants of predominant trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms in cognitively normal older adults. METHOD Four hundred twenty-three older adults recruited from the general community underwent Aβ positron emission tomography imaging, apolipoprotein and brain-derived neurotrophic factor genotyping, and cognitive testing at baseline and had follow-up assessments. All participants were cognitively normal and free of clinical depression at baseline. Latent growth mixture modeling was used to identify predominant trajectories of subthreshold depressive and anxiety symptoms over 6 years. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify baseline predictors of symptomatic depressive and anxiety trajectories. RESULTS Latent growth mixture modeling revealed two predominant trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms: a chronically elevated trajectory and a low, stable symptom trajectory, with almost one in five participants falling into the elevated trajectory groups. Male sex (relative risk ratio (RRR) = 3.23), lower attentional function (RRR = 1.90), and carriage of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met allele in women (RRR = 2.70) were associated with increased risk for chronically elevated depressive symptom trajectory. Carriage of the apolipoprotein epsilon 4 allele (RRR = 1.92) and lower executive function in women (RRR = 1.74) were associated with chronically elevated anxiety symptom trajectory. CONCLUSION Our results indicate distinct and sex-specific risk factors linked to depressive and anxiety trajectories, which may help inform risk stratification and management of these symptoms in older adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie E Holmes
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Irina Esterlis
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carolyn M. Mazure
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yen Ying Lim
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Ames
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, St. Vincent’s Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Kew, Victoria, Australia,National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephanie Rainey-Smith
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Chris Fowler
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kathryn Ellis
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ralph N. Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia,Sir James McCusker Alzheimer’s Disease Research Unit, Hollywood Private Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Olivier Salvado
- The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Canberra, Australia
| | - Vincent Doré
- The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Canberra, Australia,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Victor L. Villemagne
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher C. Rowe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon M. Laws
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia,Co-operative Research Centre for Mental Health,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University
| | - Colin L. Masters
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert H. Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Paul Maruff
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Cogstate Ltd., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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48
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Irak M, Çapan D. Beliefs about Memory as a Mediator of Relations between Metacognitive Beliefs and Actual Memory Performance. The Journal of General Psychology 2018; 145:21-44. [DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2017.1411682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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49
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Vancampfort D, Stubbs B, Herring MP, Hallgren M, Koyanagi A. Sedentary behavior and anxiety: Association and influential factors among 42,469 community-dwelling adults in six low- and middle-income countries. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2018; 50:26-32. [PMID: 28987919 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between sedentary behavior (SB) and anxiety, and explored factors that influence this relationship in six low- and middle-income countries. METHOD Cross-sectional data were analyzed from the World Health Organization's Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between anxiety and self-reported SB. Potentially influential factors were examined with mediation analysis. RESULTS The sample consisted of 42,469 adults aged≥18years (50.1% female; mean age 43.8years). After adjusting for sociodemographics and country, people with anxiety engaged in 24 (95%CI=7-41) more minutes per day of SB than non-anxious individuals; the corresponding figure for the elderly (≥65years) was much higher (55min; 95% CI=29-81). Anxiety was associated with a 2.0 (95%CI=1.5-2.7) times higher odds for high SB (i.e., ≥8h/day). Overall, the largest proportion of the high SB-anxiety relationship was explained by mobility limitations (46.8%), followed by impairments in sleep/energy (44.9%), pain/discomfort (31.7%), disability (27.0%), cognition (13.3%), and physical activity levels (6.3%). CONCLUSIONS Anxiety was significantly associated with high SB, particularly among older adults. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to disentangle the potentially complex interplay of factors that may influence the anxiety-SB relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vancampfort
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium.
| | - B Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom; Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom; Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
| | - M P Herring
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - M Hallgren
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
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50
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Unterrainer JM, Domschke K, Rahm B, Wiltink J, Schulz A, Pfeiffer N, Lackner KJ, Münzel T, Wild PS, Beutel M. Subclinical levels of anxiety but not depression are associated with planning performance in a large population-based sample. Psychol Med 2018; 48:168-174. [PMID: 28874209 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717002562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depression and anxiety disorders are known to negatively influence cognitive performance. Moreover, there is evidence for greater cognitive decline in older adults with generalized anxiety disorder. Except for clinical studies, complex executive planning functions and subclinical levels of anxiety have not been examined in a population-based sample with a broad age range. METHODS Planning performance was assessed using the Tower of London task in a population-based sample of 4240 participants aged 40-80 years from the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) and related to self-reported anxiety and depression by means of multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS Higher anxiety ratings were associated with lower planning performance (β = -0.20; p < 0.0001) independent of age (β = 0.03; p = 0.47). When directly comparing the predictive value of depression and anxiety on cognition, only anxiety attained significance (β = -0.19; p = 0.0047), whereas depression did not (β = -0.01; p = 0.71). CONCLUSIONS Subclinical levels of anxiety but not of depression showed negative associations with cognitive functioning independent of age. Our results demonstrate that associations observed in clinical groups might differ from those in population-based samples, also with regard to the trajectory across the life span. Further studies are needed to uncover causal interrelations of anxiety and cognition, which have been proposed in the literature, in order to develop interventions aimed at reducing this negative affective state and to improve executive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Unterrainer
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology,Faculty of Medicine,University of Freiburg,Freiburg,Germany
| | - K Domschke
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Medical Center, University of Freiburg,Freiburg,Germany
| | - B Rahm
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology,Faculty of Medicine,University of Freiburg,Freiburg,Germany
| | - J Wiltink
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy,University Medical Center Mainz,Mainz,Germany
| | - A Schulz
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine/Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz,Mainz,Germany
| | - N Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology,University Medical Center Mainz,Mainz,Germany
| | - K J Lackner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz,Mainz,Germany
| | - T Münzel
- Center for Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz,Mainz,Germany
| | - P S Wild
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine/Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz,Mainz,Germany
| | - M Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy,University Medical Center Mainz,Mainz,Germany
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