1
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Rota P, La Rocca P, Bonfante F, Pagliari M, Cirillo F, Piccoli M, Ghiroldi A, Franco V, Pappone C, Allevi P, Anastasia L. Interplay of Modified Sialic Acid Inhibitors and the Human Parainfluenza Virus 1 Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Active Site. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1383-1388. [PMID: 37849540 PMCID: PMC10577888 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the search for effective antivirals against Paramyxoviridae, the dynamics of human parainfluenza virus type 1 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hPIV1-HN) inhibition offers a promising perspective. This study focuses on the potential of C5- and C4-modified 2,3-unsaturated sialic acid (DANA) inhibitors and highlights their interaction with the hPIV1-HN enzyme. We show that a strategic substitution, replacing the C5 isopropyl group in BCX 2798 with a trifluoroacetyl function, increases inhibitory potency 3- to 4-fold. At the same time, we explore the special properties of the catalytic site of hPIV1-HN, which harbors only small substituents and favors a C4 sulfonylamido function over a carbonyl function, in contrast to the C4 pocket of Newcastle disease virus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (NDV-HN). Based on these findings, we present a newly identified potent inhibitor that has the preferred C5 trifluoroacetamido and C4 trifluorosulfonylamide groups. The results of this study pave the way for a deeper understanding of the C4 and C5 binding pockets of hPIV1-HN and promote the development of new, more selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rota
- Department
of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Institute
for Molecular and Translational Cardiology, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo La Rocca
- Institute
for Molecular and Translational Cardiology, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università
degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonfante
- Division
of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto
Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Matteo Pagliari
- Division
of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto
Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
- Division
of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department for Women’s and
Children’s Health, University of
Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Cirillo
- Institute
for Molecular and Translational Cardiology, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory
of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS
Policlinico San Donato, San Donato
Milanese, 20097 Milan Italy
| | - Marco Piccoli
- Institute
for Molecular and Translational Cardiology, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory
of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS
Policlinico San Donato, San Donato
Milanese, 20097 Milan Italy
| | - Andrea Ghiroldi
- Institute
for Molecular and Translational Cardiology, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory
of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS
Policlinico San Donato, San Donato
Milanese, 20097 Milan Italy
| | - Valentina Franco
- Division
of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Department of Internal
Medicine and Therapeutics, University of
Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS,
Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Pappone
- Institute
for Molecular and Translational Cardiology, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Arrhythmology
Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan Italy
- Faculty of
Medicine, University of Vita-Salute San
Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Allevi
- Department
of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Anastasia
- Institute
for Molecular and Translational Cardiology, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory
of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS
Policlinico San Donato, San Donato
Milanese, 20097 Milan Italy
- Faculty of
Medicine, University of Vita-Salute San
Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
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2
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Trimarco JD, Nelson SL, Chaparian RR, Wells AI, Murray NB, Azadi P, Coyne CB, Heaton NS. Cellular glycan modification by B3GAT1 broadly restricts influenza virus infection. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6456. [PMID: 36309510 PMCID: PMC9617049 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Communicable respiratory viral infections pose both epidemic and pandemic threats and broad-spectrum antiviral strategies could improve preparedness for these events. To discover host antiviral restriction factors that may act as suitable targets for the development of host-directed antiviral therapies, we here conduct a whole-genome CRISPR activation screen with influenza B virus (IBV). A top hit from our screen, beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase 1 (B3GAT1), effectively blocks IBV infection. Subsequent studies reveal that B3GAT1 activity prevents cell surface sialic acid expression. Due to this mechanism of action, B3GAT1 expression broadly restricts infection with viruses that require sialic acid for entry, including Victoria and Yamagata lineage IBVs, H1N1/H3N2 influenza A viruses (IAVs), and the unrelated enterovirus D68. To understand the potential utility of B3GAT1 induction as an antiviral strategy in vivo, we specifically express B3GAT1 in the murine respiratory epithelium and find that overexpression is not only well-tolerated, but also protects female mice from a lethal viral challenge with multiple influenza viruses, including a pandemic-like H1N1 IAV. Thus, B3GAT1 may represent a host-directed broad-spectrum antiviral target with utility against clinically relevant respiratory viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Trimarco
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sarah L Nelson
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ryan R Chaparian
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra I Wells
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nathan B Murray
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Carolyn B Coyne
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas S Heaton
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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3
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Abstract
Through their specific interactions with proteins, cellular glycans play key roles in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. One of the main goals of research in the areas of glycobiology and glycomedicine is to understand glycan-protein interactions at the molecular level. Over the past two decades, glycan microarrays have become powerful tools for the rapid evaluation of interactions between glycans and proteins. In this review, we briefly describe methods used for the preparation of glycan probes and the construction of glycan microarrays. Next, we highlight applications of glycan microarrays to rapid profiling of glycan-binding patterns of plant, animal and pathogenic lectins, as well as other proteins. Finally, we discuss other important uses of glycan microarrays, including the rapid analysis of substrate specificities of carbohydrate-active enzymes, the quantitative determination of glycan-protein interactions, discovering high-affinity or selective ligands for lectins, and identifying functional glycans within cells. We anticipate that this review will encourage researchers to employ glycan microarrays in diverse glycan-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Young Hyun
- Department of Drug Discovery, Data Convergence Drug Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Injae Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Zhang XL, Qu H. The Role of Glycosylation in Infectious Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1325:219-237. [PMID: 34495538 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-70115-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation plays an important role in infectious diseases. Many important interactions between pathogens and hosts involve their carbohydrate structures (glycans). Glycan interactions can mediate adhesion, recognition, invasion, and immune evasion of pathogens. To date, changes in many protein N/O-linked glycosylation have been identified as biomarkers for the development of infectious diseases and cancers. In this review, we will discuss the principal findings and the roles of glycosylation of both pathogens and host cells in the context of human important infectious diseases. Understanding the role and mechanism of glycan-lectin interaction between pathogens and hosts may create a new paradigm for discovering novel glycan-based therapies that can lead to eradication or functional cure of pathogens infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Haoran Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Immunology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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5
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Sriwilaijaroen N, Suzuki Y. Sialoglycovirology of Lectins: Sialyl Glycan Binding of Enveloped and Non-enveloped Viruses. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2132:483-545. [PMID: 32306355 PMCID: PMC7165297 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0430-4_47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
On the cell sur "face", sialoglycoconjugates act as receptionists that have an important role in the first step of various cellular processes that bridge communication between the cell and its environment. Loss of Sia production can cause the developmental of defects and lethality in most animals; hence, animal cells are less prone to evolution of resistance to interactions by rapidly evolved Sia-binding viruses. Obligative intracellular viruses mostly have rapid evolution that allows escape from host immunity, leading to an epidemic variant, and that allows emergence of a novel strain, occasionally leading to pandemics that cause health-social-economic problems. Recently, much attention has been given to the mutual recognition systems via sialosugar chains between viruses and their host cells and there has been rapid growth of the research field "sialoglycovirology." In this chapter, the structural diversity of sialoglycoconjugates is overviewed, and enveloped and non-enveloped viruses that bind to Sia are reviewed. Also, interactions of viral lectins-host Sia receptors, which determine viral transmission, host range, and pathogenesis, are presented. The future direction of new therapeutic routes targeting viral lectins, development of easy-to-use detection methods for diagnosis and monitoring changes in virus binding specificity, and challenges in the development of suitable viruses to use in virus-based therapies for genetic disorders and cancer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nongluk Sriwilaijaroen
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuo Suzuki
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan.
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6
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McQuillan AM, Byrd-Leotis L, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Cummings RD. Natural and Synthetic Sialylated Glycan Microarrays and Their Applications. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:88. [PMID: 31572731 PMCID: PMC6753469 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This focused chapter serves as a short survey of glycan microarrays that are available with sialylated glycans, including both defined and shotgun arrays, their generation, and their utility in studying differential binding interactions to sialylated compounds, highlighting N-glycolyl (Gc) modified sialylated compounds. A brief discussion of binding interactions by lectins, antibodies, and viruses, and their relevance that have been observed with sialylated glycan microarrays is presented, as well as a discussion of cross-comparisons of array platforms and efforts to centralize and standardize the glycan microarray data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M. McQuillan
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lauren Byrd-Leotis
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Richard D. Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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7
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Thompson AJ, de Vries RP, Paulson JC. Virus recognition of glycan receptors. Curr Opin Virol 2019; 34:117-129. [PMID: 30849709 PMCID: PMC6476673 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Attachment of viruses to cell-surface receptors is the initial step in infection. Many mammalian viruses have evolved to recognize receptors that are glycans on cell-surface glycoproteins or glycolipids. Although glycans are a ubiquitous component of mammalian cells, the types of terminal structures expressed vary among different cell-types and tissues, and even between comparable cells and tissues from different species, frequently leading to specific tissue and species tropisms as a direct consequence of glycan receptor recognition. Covering the majority of known virus families, this review provides an overview of mammalian viruses that use glycans as receptors, and their roles in determining in host recognition and tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Thompson
- Departments of Molecular Medicine, Immunology & Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Robert P de Vries
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - James C Paulson
- Departments of Molecular Medicine, Immunology & Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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8
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Abstract
The human body is colonized by a diverse collective of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses. The smallest entity of this microbial conglomerate are the bacterial viruses. Bacteriophages, or phages for short, exert significant selective pressure on their bacterial hosts, undoubtedly influencing the human microbiome and its impact on our health and well-being. Phages colonize all niches of the body, including the skin, oral cavity, lungs, gut, and urinary tract. As such our bodies are frequently and continuously exposed to diverse collections of phages. Despite the prevalence of phages throughout our bodies, the extent of their interactions with human cells, organs, and immune system is still largely unknown. Phages physically interact with our mucosal surfaces, are capable of bypassing epithelial cell layers, disseminate throughout the body and may manipulate our immune system. Here, I establish the novel concept of an "intra-body phageome," which encompasses the collection of phages residing within the classically "sterile" regions of the body. This review will take a phage-centric view of the microbiota, human body, and immune system with the ultimate goal of inspiring a greater appreciation for both the indirect and direct interactions between bacteriophages and their mammalian hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy J Barr
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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9
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Pascolutti M, Dirr L, Guillon P, Van Den Bergh A, Ve T, Thomson RJ, von Itzstein M. Structural Insights into Human Parainfluenza Virus 3 Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Using Unsaturated 3- N-Substituted Sialic Acids as Probes. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1544-1550. [PMID: 29693380 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach to human parainfluenza virus 3 (hPIV-3) inhibitor design has been evaluated by targeting an unexplored pocket within the active site region of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) of the virus that is normally occluded upon ligand engagement. To explore this opportunity, we developed a highly efficient route to introduce nitrogen-based functionalities at the naturally unsubstituted C-3 position on the neuraminidase inhibitor template N-acyl-2,3-dehydro-2-deoxy-neuraminic acid ( N-acyl-Neu2en), via a regioselective 2,3-bromoazidation. Introduction of triazole substituents at C-3 on this template provided compounds with low micromolar inhibition of hPIV-3 HN neuraminidase activity, with the most potent having 48-fold improved potency over the corresponding C-3 unsubstituted analogue. However, the C-3-triazole N-acyl-Neu2en derivatives were significantly less active against the hemagglutinin function of the virus, with high micromolar IC50 values determined, and showed insignificant in vitro antiviral activity. Given the different pH optima of the HN protein's neuraminidase (acidic pH) and hemagglutinin (neutral pH) functions, the influence of pH on inhibitor binding was examined using X-ray crystallography and STD NMR spectroscopy, providing novel insights into the multifunctionality of hPIV-3 HN. While the 3-phenyltriazole- N-isobutyryl-Neu2en derivative could bind HN at pH 4.6, suitable for neuraminidase inhibition, at neutral pH binding of the inhibitor was substantially reduced. Importantly, this study clearly demonstrates for the first time that potent inhibition of HN neuraminidase activity is not necessarily directly correlated with a strong antiviral activity, and suggests that strong inhibition of the hemagglutinin function of hPIV HN is crucial for potent antiviral activity. This highlights the importance of designing hPIV inhibitors that primarily target the receptor-binding function of hPIV HN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Pascolutti
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Larissa Dirr
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Patrice Guillon
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Annelies Van Den Bergh
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Thomas Ve
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Robin J. Thomson
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Mark von Itzstein
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia
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10
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Geissner A, Seeberger PH. Glycan Arrays: From Basic Biochemical Research to Bioanalytical and Biomedical Applications. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2016; 9:223-47. [PMID: 27306309 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071015-041641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A major branch of glycobiology and glycan-focused biomedicine studies the interaction between carbohydrates and other biopolymers, most importantly, glycan-binding proteins. Today, this research into glycan-biopolymer interaction is unthinkable without glycan arrays, tools that enable high-throughput analysis of carbohydrate interaction partners. Glycan arrays offer many applications in basic biochemical research, for example, defining the specificity of glycosyltransferases and lectins such as immune receptors. Biomedical applications include the characterization and surveillance of influenza strains, identification of biomarkers for cancer and infection, and profiling of immune responses to vaccines. Here, we review major applications of glycan arrays both in basic and applied research. Given the dynamic nature of this rapidly developing field, we focus on recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Geissner
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
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11
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Palgen JL, Jurgens EM, Moscona A, Porotto M, Palermo LM. Unity in diversity: shared mechanism of entry among paramyxoviruses. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2014; 129:1-32. [PMID: 25595799 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Paramyxoviridae family includes many viruses that are pathogenic in humans, including parainfluenza viruses, measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and the emerging zoonotic Henipaviruses. No effective treatments are currently available for these viruses, and there is a need for efficient antiviral therapies. Paramyxoviruses enter the target cell by binding to a cell surface receptor and then fusing the viral envelope with the target cell membrane, allowing the release of the viral genome into the cytoplasm. Blockage of these crucial steps prevents infection and disease. Binding and fusion are driven by two virus-encoded glycoproteins, the receptor-binding protein and the fusion protein, that together form the viral "fusion machinery." The development of efficient antiviral drugs requires a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action of the Paramyxoviridae fusion machinery, which is still controversial. Here, we review recent structural and functional data on these proteins and the current understanding of the mechanism of the paramyxovirus cell entry process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Palgen
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, USA; Department of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon, France
| | - Eric M Jurgens
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, USA
| | - Anne Moscona
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, USA
| | - Matteo Porotto
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, USA.
| | - Laura M Palermo
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, USA
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12
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Structure-guided discovery of potent and dual-acting human parainfluenza virus haemagglutinin-neuraminidase inhibitors. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5268. [PMID: 25327774 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human parainfluenza viruses (hPIVs) cause upper and lower respiratory tract disease in children that results in a significant number of hospitalizations and impacts health systems worldwide. To date, neither antiviral drugs nor vaccines are approved for clinical use against parainfluenza virus, which reinforces the urgent need for new therapeutic discovery strategies. Here we use a multidisciplinary approach to develop potent inhibitors that target a structural feature within the hPIV type 3 haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hPIV-3 HN). These dual-acting designer inhibitors represent the most potent designer compounds and efficiently block both hPIV cell entry and virion progeny release. We also define the binding mode of these inhibitors in the presence of whole-inactivated hPIV and recombinantly expressed hPIV-3 HN by Saturation Transfer Difference NMR spectroscopy. Collectively, our study provides an antiviral preclinical candidate and a new direction towards the discovery of potential anti-parainfluenza drugs.
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13
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Spectrum of Newcastle disease virus stability in gradients of temperature and pH. Biologicals 2014; 42:351-4. [PMID: 25284348 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the highly pathogenic viral diseases of avian species. The disease is endemic in many developing countries where agriculture serves as the primary source of national income. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae and is well characterized member among the avian paramyxovirus serotypes. The failure of vaccination is one of the major causes of NDV outbreaks in field condition. The present study gives a brief picture about the biology of NDV genome and its proteins under different conditions of temperature and pH. Our results indicate that the NDV is non-infective above 42 °C and unstable above 72 °C. The study will be useful in defining an optimum storage condition for NDV without causing any deterioration in its viability.
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14
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Geissner A, Anish C, Seeberger PH. Glycan arrays as tools for infectious disease research. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2013; 18:38-45. [PMID: 24534751 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases cause millions of deaths worldwide each year and are a major burden for economies, especially in underdeveloped countries. Glycans and their interactions with other biomolecules are involved in all major steps of infection. Glycan arrays enable the rapid and sensitive detection of those interactions and are among the most powerful techniques to study the molecular biology of infectious diseases. This review will focus on recent developments and discuss the applications of glycan arrays to the elucidation of host-pathogen and pathogen-pathogen interactions, the development of tools for infection diagnosis and the use of glycan arrays in modern vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Geissner
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424 Potsdam, Germany; Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Chakkumkal Anish
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424 Potsdam, Germany; Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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15
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Jones BG, Hayden RT, Hurwitz JL. Inhibition of primary clinical isolates of human parainfluenza virus by DAS181 in cell culture and in a cotton rat model. Antiviral Res 2013; 100:562-6. [PMID: 24076357 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
DAS181 is a novel drug in development for the treatment of influenza as well as human parainfluenza viruses (hPIVs). Previous studies demonstrated that DAS181 inhibited laboratory strains of hPIV, but no tests were conducted with primary clinical isolates of hPIV. To fill this gap, we studied six primary isolates including hPIV-2 and hPIV-3. First tests showed that the amplification of all viruses in vitro was reproducibly inhibited with DAS181 drug concentrations ranging between 0.1 and 1nM. An hPIV-3 primary clinical isolate was then tested in a cotton rat model for sensitivity to 0.3-1mg/kg drug treatments. Results showed that virus amplification in the lower respiratory tract was significantly and reproducibly inhibited by drug. Together, experiments demonstrated that DAS181 inhibited primary clinical isolates of hPIV in vitro and in vivo at doses similar to those previously described for inhibition of laboratory hPIV and influenza virus isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Jones
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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Bhagavat R, Chandra N. Common recognition principles across diverse sequence and structural families of sialic acid binding proteins. Glycobiology 2013; 24:5-16. [PMID: 24043392 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwt063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids form a large family of 9-carbon monosaccharides and are integral components of glycoconjugates. They are known to bind to a wide range of receptors belonging to diverse sequence families and fold classes and are key mediators in a plethora of cellular processes. Thus, it is of great interest to understand the features that give rise to such a recognition capability. Structural analyses using a non-redundant data set of known sialic acid binding proteins was carried out, which included exhaustive binding site comparisons and site alignments using in-house algorithms, followed by clustering and tree computation, which has led to derivation of sialic acid recognition principles. Although the proteins in the data set belong to several sequence and structure families, their binding sites could be grouped into only six types. Structural comparison of the binding sites indicates that all sites contain one or more different combinations of key structural features over a common scaffold. The six binding site types thus serve as structural motifs for recognizing sialic acid. Scanning the motifs against a non-redundant set of binding sites from PDB indicated the motifs to be specific for sialic acid recognition. Knowledge of determinants obtained from this study will be useful for detecting function in unknown proteins. As an example analysis, a genome-wide scan for the motifs in structures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteome identified 17 hits that contain combinations of the features, suggesting a possible function of sialic acid binding by these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Bhagavat
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Winger M, von Itzstein M. Exposing the flexibility of human parainfluenza virus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:18447-52. [PMID: 23057491 DOI: 10.1021/ja3084658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hPIV-3) is a clinically significant pathogen and is the causative agent of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children. In this study the solution dynamics of human parainfluenza type 3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) have been investigated. A flexible loop around Asp216 that adopts an open conformation in direct vicinity of the active site of the apo-form of the protein and closes upon inhibitor binding has been identified. To date, no available X-ray crystal structure has shown the molecular dynamics simulation-derived predominant loop-conformation states found in the present study. The outcomes of this study provide additional insight into the dynamical properties of hPIV-3 HN and may have important implications in defining HN glycan recognition events, receptor specificity, and antiparainfluenza virus drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Winger
- Institute for Glycomics, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University Queensland, 4222, Australia.
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Ye T, Zong R, Zhang X. Involvement of interaction between viral VP466 and host tropomyosin proteins in virus infection in shrimp. Gene 2012; 505:254-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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α2-3- and α2-6- N-linked sialic acids allow efficient interaction of Newcastle Disease Virus with target cells. Glycoconj J 2012; 29:539-49. [PMID: 22869099 PMCID: PMC7088266 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-012-9431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Receptor recognition and binding is the first step in the viral cycle. It has been established that Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) interacts with sialylated molecules such as gangliosides and glycoproteins at the cell surface. Nevertheless, the specific receptor(s) that mediate virus entry are not well known. We have analysed the role of the sialic acid linkage in the early steps of the viral infection cycle. Pretreatment of ELL-0 cells with both α2,3 and α2,6 specific sialidases led to the inhibition of NDV binding, fusion and infectivity, which were restored after α2,3(N)- and α2,6(N)-sialyltransferase incubation. Moreover, α2,6(N)-sialyltransferases also restored NDV activities in α2-6-linked sialic acid deficient cells. Competition with α2-6 sialic acid-binding lectins led to a reduction in the three NDV activities (binding, fusion and infectivity) suggesting a role for α2-6- linked sialic acid in NDV entry. We conclude that both α2-3- and α2-6- linked sialic acid containing glycoconjugates may be used for NDV infection. NDV was able to efficiently bind, fuse and infect the ganglioside-deficient cell line GM95 to a similar extent to that of its parental MEB4, suggesting that gangliosides are not essential for NDV binding, fusion and infectivity. Nevertheless, the fact that the interaction of NDV with cells deficient in N-glycoprotein expression such as Lec1 was less efficient prompted us to conclude that NDV requires N-linked glycoproteins for efficient attachment and entry into the host cell.
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Fixation of oligosaccharides to a surface may increase the susceptibility to human parainfluenza virus 1, 2, or 3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase. J Virol 2011; 85:12146-59. [PMID: 21917945 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.05537-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of human parainfluenza viruses (hPIVs) both binds (H) and cleaves (N) oligosaccharides that contain N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac). H is thought to correspond to receptor binding and N to receptor-destroying activity. At present, N's role in infection remains unclear: does it destroy only receptors, or are there other targets? We previously demonstrated that hPIV1 and 3 HNs bind to oligosaccharides containing the motif Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc (M. Amonsen, D. F. Smith, R. D. Cummings, and G. M. Air, J. Virol. 81:8341-8345, 2007). In the present study, we tested the binding specificity of hPIV2 on the Consortium for Functional Glycomics' glycan array and found that hPIV2 binds to oligosaccharides containing the same motif. We determined the specificities of N on red blood cells, soluble small-molecule and glycoprotein substrates, and the glycan array and compared them to the specificities of H. hPIV2 and -3, but not hPIV1, cleaved their ligands on red blood cells. hPIV1, -2, and -3 cleaved their NeuAcα2-3 ligands on the glycan array; hPIV2 and -3 also cleaved NeuAcα2-6 ligands bound by influenza A virus. While all three HNs exhibited similar affinities for all cleavable soluble substrates, their activities were 5- to 10-fold higher on small molecules than on glycoproteins. In addition, some soluble glycoproteins were not cleaved, despite containing oligosaccharides that were cleaved on the glycan array. We conclude that the susceptibility of an oligosaccharide substrate to N increases when the substrate is fixed to a surface. These findings suggest that HN may undergo a conformational change that activates N upon receptor binding at a cell surface.
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