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Rinta-Antila K, Koski P, Aira T, Heinonen OJ, Korpelainen R, Parkkari J, Savonen K, Toivo K, Uusitalo A, Valtonen M, Vasankari T, Villberg J, Kokko S. Perceived coaches' health promotion activity, maintenance of participation in sports, and lifestyle habits among emerging adults: a four-year follow-up study. Ann Med 2024; 56:2321327. [PMID: 38658832 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2321327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study focused on how adolescents' perceptions of coaches' health promotion activity predict maintained participation and dropout in organized sports in emerging adulthood. In addition, differences in lifestyle habits between maintainers, dropouts, and nonparticipants in organized sports were explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS Overall, 616 adolescents reported organized sports participation in the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study at ages 15 and 19. Of these, 323 reported coach's health promotion activity on health topics at the age of 15. An index of a coach's general health promotion activity was formed. At age 19, all study participants reported their lifestyle habits. RESULTS Among males, those who had perceived coaches' general health promotion activity as frequent were more likely to be maintainers than dropouts (48.6% vs. 20.0%) (p = .002). Among females, there was no significant difference (32.0% vs. 28.4%). Logistic regression analysis adjusted for gender showed that perceiving coach's general health promotion activity as frequent increased the odds of being a maintainer rather than a dropout. Moreover, maintainers had higher odds of having healthy lifestyle habits when compared to nonparticipants (related to physical activity; sleep; fruit and vegetable consumption; and cigarette use) or dropouts (related to physical activity; and cigarette use). In addition, dropouts had higher odds of having healthy lifestyle habits than nonparticipants (related to sleep; and cigarette use). CONCLUSIONS Perceiving coaches' health promotion activity as frequent was related to maintained participation in organized sports among males. Maintainers were more likely to have more healthy lifestyle habits than nonparticipants and dropouts. There is a need to invest in coaches' health promotion activity when it is infrequent. A more detailed understanding is needed of coaches' health promotion activity that supports both maintained participation in sports, especially among females, and healthy lifestyle habits in emerging adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Rinta-Antila
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pasi Koski
- Department of Teacher Education, University of Turku, Rauma, Finland
| | - Tuula Aira
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Olli J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jari Parkkari
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kai Savonen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kerttu Toivo
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja Uusitalo
- Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Foundation for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Heikkilä L, Korpelainen R, Aira T, Alanko L, Heinonen OJ, Kokko S, Parkkari J, Savonen K, Toivo K, Valtonen M, Vasankari T, Villberg J, Vanhala M. Is health promotion in sports clubs associated with adolescent participants' fruit and vegetable consumption? Eur J Public Health 2023; 33:1102-1108. [PMID: 37665763 PMCID: PMC10710333 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although sports clubs' potential for health promotion is acknowledged, research on whether they promote healthy eating is limited. We aimed to evaluate Finnish youth sports clubs' health promotion orientation, as well as associations between sports clubs' health promotion orientation, coaches' nutritional discussions and sports club participants' (SPs') fruit and/or vegetable consumption. METHODS The cross-sectional study included 554 SPs aged 14-16 years, 275 club officials and 311 coaches. Participants replied to questionnaires about sports clubs' health promotion and their own health behaviours, including dietary habits. Health promotion orientation was estimated using a Health Promoting Sports Club (HPSC) index (range 0-22) and nutritional discussions and fruit and/or vegetable consumption as frequencies. A mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse the associations. RESULTS Most sports clubs (69%) had a high health promotion orientation, but the variation between the clubs was wide (HPSC index range 5-21). SPs' daily fruit and/or vegetable consumption was associated with female gender [odds ratio (OR) 3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.23-5.42, P < 0.001], better self-rated health (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.13-9.41, P = 0.03), higher average school grades (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.04-2.67, P = 0.03), and SPs' responses that their coach had often discussed nutrition (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.41-3.14, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Although sports clubs' orientation towards health promotion was mostly high, it seems not to be enough to promote healthy eating among adolescent participants. Instead, coaches' nutritional discussions were associated with adolescents' fruit and/or vegetable consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Heikkilä
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuula Aira
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lauri Alanko
- Sports Medicine Clinic, Foundation for Sports and Exercise Clinic, Helsinki, Finland
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Clinic, Central Finland Hospital Nova, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Olli J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Physical Activity and Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari Parkkari
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kai Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Science Service Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kerttu Toivo
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Maarit Valtonen
- Finnish Institute of High Performance Sports KIHU, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marja Vanhala
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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dos Santos G, Guerra PH, Milani SA, Santos ABD, Cattuzzo MT, Ré AHN. Sedentary behavior and motor competence in children and adolescents: a review. Rev Saude Publica 2021; 55:57. [PMID: 34706035 PMCID: PMC8522757 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055002917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesize evidence from studies that analyzed the associations between sedentary behavior and motor competence in children and adolescents. METHODS Systematic review of original articles that analyzed possible associations between sedentary behavior and motor competence in children and adolescents (3-18 years of age), without restrictions on study design, instruments and analysis protocols. The articles were identified through searches in the PubMed, Web of Science, Academic Search Premier, Cinahl, Medline and SPORTDiscus databases, as well as in reference lists. The level of evidence was evaluated according to the amount of studies that reported statistical significance in the associations between the variables and the quality of the articles (risk of bias). RESULTS Of 2,462 initial studies, 22 composed the synthesis (two interventions, nine longitudinal and eleven cross-sectional studies). Of these, in 13, we observed negative associations between the variables, more often in the age group of seven to fourteen years. In the analysis of risk of bias, the main limitations of the studies were "convenience sampling" and "no description of sample sizing". CONCLUSIONS The available evidence suggests that sedentary behavior is negatively associated with motor competence in elementary school children, although the evidence is uncertain in the preschool years; the synthesis of results from longitudinal studies suggests that sedentary behavior negatively affects the development of motor competence. It is important that future studies have greater control over sociocultural determinants and deepen knowledge regarding sex and age, as well as the methods and indicators used to evaluate the two variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme dos Santos
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade FísicaSão PauloSPBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade Física. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Paulo Henrique Guerra
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade FísicaSão PauloSPBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade Física. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira SulChapecóSCBrasilUniversidade Federal da Fronteira Sul. Chapecó, SC, Brasil
| | - Suedem Andrade Milani
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade FísicaSão PauloSPBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade Física. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Ariane Brito Diniz Santos
- Universidade de PernambucoEscola Superior de Educação FísicaRecifePEBrasilUniversidade de Pernambuco. Escola Superior de Educação Física. Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Maria Teresa Cattuzzo
- Universidade de PernambucoEscola Superior de Educação FísicaRecifePEBrasilUniversidade de Pernambuco. Escola Superior de Educação Física. Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Alessandro Hervaldo Nicolai Ré
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade FísicaSão PauloSPBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade Física. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Van Hoye A, Johnson S, Geidne S, Donaldson A, Rostan F, Lemonnier F, Vuillemin A. The health promoting sports club model: an intervention planning framework. Health Promot Int 2021; 36:811-823. [PMID: 33111939 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daaa093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Researchers and policymakers acknowledge sports clubs (SCs) as health promoting settings. Limited research links the health promoting sports club (HPSC) concept with evidence-driven strategies to provide SCs guidance to develop health promotion (HP) interventions. As implementation science insists on theoretically grounded interventions, the present work's objective was to provide SCs an evidence-driven intervention framework for planning, developing and implementing HP initiatives. Four iteratively sequenced steps were undertaken: (i) investigation of 'health promoting' indicators, (ii) adaptation of the HPSC concept to create the HPSC model, (iii) formulation of published evidence-driven guidelines into strategies and implementable intervention components (ICs) and (iv) merging the HPSC model with the ICs to create an intervention planning framework for SCs. First, researchers drafted five HPSC indicators. Second, they defined three SC levels (macro, meso and micro) and four health determinants (organizational, environmental, economic and social) to create an HPSC model. Third, researchers used published guidelines to develop 14 strategies with 55 ICs. Fourth, three workshops (one each with French master-level sport students, French sport and health professionals and Swedish sport and health professionals) had participants classify the ICs into the model. The HPSC model and intervention framework are starting points to plan, select and deliver interventions to increase SC HP. This planning framework is usable in several ways: (i) clubs can apply strategies to achieve specific goals, (ii) clubs can target specific levels with corresponding ICs and (iii) ICs can be used to address particular health determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Van Hoye
- University of Lorraine, APEMAC, 30 rue du Jardin Botanique, CS 30156, 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | - Susanna Geidne
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden
| | - Alex Donaldson
- Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Plenty Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Florence Rostan
- Santé publique France, 12 rue du Val-d'Osne, 94415 Saint-Maurice Cedex, France
| | - Fabienne Lemonnier
- Santé publique France, 12 rue du Val-d'Osne, 94415 Saint-Maurice Cedex, France
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Heikkilä L, Korpelainen R, Aira T, Alanko L, Heinonen OJ, Kokko S, Kujala U, Parkkari J, Savonen K, Valtonen M, Vasankari T, Villberg J, Vanhala M. The associations between adolescents’ sports club participation and dietary habits. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Heikkilä
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr. Oulu Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr. Oulu Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Tuula Aira
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Lauri Alanko
- Sports Medicine Clinic Foundation for Sports and Exercise Clinic Helsinki Finland
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Clinic Central Finland Hospital Nova Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Olli J. Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Physical Activity and Health University of Turku Turku Finland
| | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Urho Kujala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Jari Parkkari
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine Tampere Finland
| | - Kai Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine Kuopio Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Kuopio University Hospital Kuopio Finland
| | | | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research Tampere Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University Tampere Finland
| | - Jari Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Marja Vanhala
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr. Oulu Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
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Health Promoting Sports Club in Practice: A Controlled Evaluation of the GAA Healthy Club Project. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094786. [PMID: 33946150 PMCID: PMC8124624 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sport is a developing setting and a relevant system in health promotion but there are few examples of settings-based initiatives and systems thinking in sport. The Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) Healthy Club Project (HCP) adopts a settings approach delivered through and by grassroots clubs who respond to local needs while working within a national support system. The aim of this evaluation was to assess and describe the health promotion impact and experience of the HCP. Healthy Clubs (n = 23) and Control Clubs (n = 10) completed a Healthy Club Questionnaire at the start and end of the 20-month HCP and Healthy Clubs took part in focus group discussions. Healthy Clubs, using the structures of the HCP, a commitment to health and community engagement, demonstrated a significant improvement in their overall orientation to health promotion, which was not apparent in Control Clubs. The health promotion message is pervading into many aspects of the GAA club apart from that which relates to the day to day business of coaching and providing physical activity for all. The HCP represents health promotion activity embedded within and across systems, with further development and evaluation recommended to measure delivery and impact at the individual level, organisational, and wider societal levels.
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Van Hoye A, Johnson S, Lemonnier F, Rostan F, Crochet L, Tezier B, Vuillemin A. Capitalization of Health Promotion Initiatives within French Sports Clubs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:888. [PMID: 33498585 PMCID: PMC7908457 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18030888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The settings-based approach to health promotion within sports clubs is a growing field of research. Evidence of health promotion intervention effectiveness in scientific literature is scarce, and little is known about their implementation mechanisms. The present study explores how promising health promotion interventions in eight French sports clubs are developed, and how the health promoting sports club's intervention planning framework is applied. A method to collect Experiential Knowledge in health promotion was used, based on two iterative interviews to analyze intervention mechanisms and completed with document analysis. A deductive analysis using the health promoting sports club intervention planning framework was then undertaken. Among the 14 evidence-driven strategies, 13 were implemented in sports clubs (min = 9; max = 13). Policies were not targeted by any of the interventions. Key competencies of the managers of these health promotion interventions were identified: (1) having a deep understanding of the public and environment, (2) acquiring a high capacity to mobilize internal and external human resources, (3) possessing communication skills and (4) having an ability to write grant applications. By using evidence-driven strategies and intervention components, sports professionals can use this experiential knowledge to create successful and sustainable interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Van Hoye
- APEMAC, University of Lorraine, 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy, France;
| | - Stacey Johnson
- LAMHESS, Université Côte d’Azur, 06200 Nice, France; (S.J.); (A.V.)
| | - Fabienne Lemonnier
- Department of Health Promotion, Santé Publique France, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France; (F.L.); (F.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Florence Rostan
- Department of Health Promotion, Santé Publique France, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France; (F.L.); (F.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Laurianne Crochet
- Department of Health Promotion, Santé Publique France, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France; (F.L.); (F.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Benjamin Tezier
- APEMAC, University of Lorraine, 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy, France;
| | - Anne Vuillemin
- LAMHESS, Université Côte d’Azur, 06200 Nice, France; (S.J.); (A.V.)
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Johnson S, Vuillemin A, Geidne S, Kokko S, Epstein J, Van Hoye A. Measuring Health Promotion in Sports Club Settings: A Modified Delphi Study. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2019; 47:78-90. [PMID: 31933396 DOI: 10.1177/1090198119889098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Settings-based approaches have become an increasing health promotion focus since the World Health Organization's 1986 Ottawa Charter. While schools, cities, and prisons have implemented this approach, its development within sports environments is recent. Sports are a popular leisure-time activity, requiring validated tools to measure health promotion activity. This study's aim was to develop a measurement tool based on international consensus that measures perceptions of health promotion within sports clubs. It is grounded in the settings-based approach and builds on theory from previous works expanding their context and knowledge. An online, three-round international Delphi study was conducted, inviting experts in sports and health fields to participate in designing the tool. Round 1 created a collaborative list of items; Round 2 validated items based on relevance, importance, and feasibility; and the final round classified items into one determinant category-social, cultural, environmental, or economic. Panelists (69 experts) from 13 countries participated, creating a final list of 62 items at 3 organizational levels; the sports club level included 23 items, the officials level retained 20 items, and the coaching level contained 19 items. This study provides several innovations: (1) applying the settings-based approach to health promotion within sports clubs, (2) defining each club level (sports club, official, coaching) and determinants (social, cultural, environmental, economic) within 3-levels, (3) creating a tool that measures perceptions of health-promotion activities per level and determinant, and (4) obtaining expert consensus on included items. These advancements allow further research on promoting health within sports clubs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sami Kokko
- University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Geidne S, Kokko S, Lane A, Ooms L, Vuillemin A, Seghers J, Koski P, Kudlacek M, Johnson S, Van Hoye A. Health Promotion Interventions in Sports Clubs: Can We Talk About a Setting-Based Approach? A Systematic Mapping Review. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2019; 46:592-601. [PMID: 30795690 DOI: 10.1177/1090198119831749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many researchers and authorities have recognized the important role that sports clubs can play in public health. In spite of attempts to create a theoretical framework in the early 2000s, a thorough understanding of sports clubs as a setting for health promotion (HP) is lacking. Despite calls for more effective, sustainable, and theoretically grounded interventions, previous literature reviews have identified no controlled studies assessing HP interventions in sports clubs. This systematic mapping review details how the settings-based approach is applied through HP interventions in sports clubs and highlights facilitators and barriers for sports clubs to become health-promoting settings. In addition, the mapped facilitators and barriers have been used to reformulate previous guidelines of HP in sports clubs. Seven databases were searched for empirical research published between 1986 and 2017. Fifty-eight studies were included, principally coming from Australia and Europe, describing 33 unique interventions, which targeted mostly male participants in team sports. The settings-based approach was not yet applied in sports clubs, as more than half of the interventions implemented in sports club targeted only one level of the socio-ecological model, as well as focused only on study participants rather than the club overall. Based on empirical data, the analysis of facilitators and barriers helped develop revised guidelines for sports clubs to implement settings-based HP. This will be particularly useful when implementing HP initiatives to aid in the development of sports clubs working with a whole setting approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sami Kokko
- 2 University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Aoife Lane
- 3 Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Linda Ooms
- 4 Mulier Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Meganck J, Seghers J, Scheerder J. Exploring strategies to improve the health promotion orientation of Flemish sports clubs. Health Promot Int 2018; 32:681-690. [PMID: 26931127 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daw004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sports clubs are increasingly recognized as an innovative setting for health promotion, as exemplified by the health promoting sports club concept. This study aims to assess the health promotion orientation of both youth sports clubs (YSC) and adult sports clubs (ASC) in Flanders and to identify the motives and barriers as reported by their representatives as a basis for proposing intervention strategies to improve the health promotion orientation in sports clubs. A total of 253 Flemish sports clubs, consisting of 156 YSC and of 97 ASC, completed the online questionnaire, covering club characteristics (e.g. finances, human resources), perceived motives and barriers for health promotion and the health promoting sports club index. Even though YSC were more health promoting than ASC, the results indicated that all sports clubs could improve their health promotion orientation. The most consistent predictors of health promotion orientation are perceived motives index for YSC and perceived lack of resources for ASC. Based on these results, interventions to enhance the health promoting orientation need to tackle the lack of resources such as lack of expertise regarding health promotion. Interventions aimed specifically at YSC should emphasize the direct benefits, for example by demonstrating how health promotion helps clubs to improve the provision of high quality sports participation and by awarding a health promotion quality label.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Meganck
- Department of Kinesiology, Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Seghers
- Department of Kinesiology, Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Scheerder
- Department of Kinesiology, Policy in Sports & Physical Activity Research Group, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Kokko S, Donaldson A, Geidne S, Seghers J, Scheerder J, Meganck J, Lane A, Kelly B, Casey M, Eime R, Villberg J, Kannas L. Piecing the puzzle together: case studies of international research in health-promoting sports clubs. Glob Health Promot 2017; 23:75-84. [PMID: 27199020 DOI: 10.1177/1757975915601615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper seeks to review the current international health-promoting sports club (HPSC) research, drawing together findings based on case studies from various countries to illustrate the status of HPSCs. In addition, future challenges for HPSC research and implementation are considered. The review includes six case studies from five countries. In summary, there are two major research themes in this area, namely 'research into HPSC activity' and 'research into HPSC networks'. The first theme investigates the extent to which sports clubs and/or national sports organisations invest in health promotion (HP) - both in policy and practice. The latter theme is driven by an intention to widen the scope of HPSCs to reach novel internal actors, like parents, siblings, etc., and/or external non-sporting bodies, like communities, schools, etc. The future challenges for HPSC research require a better understanding of the motives, barriers and capacities of sports clubs and coaches. Sports organisations, clubs and coaches generally support the intent of the HPSC concept, but even with the best evidence- or theory-based HP programmes/guidelines/standards, nothing will happen in practice if the nature and capacities of sports clubs are not better acknowledged. Therefore, a call for embracing implementation science is finally made to enhance implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Kokko
- Research Centre for Health Promotion, Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Alex Donaldson
- Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Susanna Geidne
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden
| | - Jan Seghers
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Scheerder
- Policy in Sports & Physical Activity Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Meganck
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aoife Lane
- Centre for Health Behaviour Research, Department of Health, Sport and Exercise Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland
| | - Bridget Kelly
- Early Start Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Meghan Casey
- School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Rochelle Eime
- School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jari Villberg
- Research Centre for Health Promotion, Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Lasse Kannas
- Research Centre for Health Promotion, Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
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Casey MM, Eime RM, Harvey JT, Sawyer NA, Craike MJ, Symons CM, Payne WR. The influence of a Healthy Welcoming Environment on participation in club sport by adolescent girls: a longitudinal study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2017; 9:12. [PMID: 28533914 PMCID: PMC5438538 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-017-0076-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background This study investigated the perceived influence of a Healthy Welcoming Environment (HWE) on participation in sports clubs among adolescent girls, and how these perceptions changed longitudinally. HWE was defined in terms of a set of health promotion policies advocated by a health promotion foundation as the basis of sport club health promotion practice to promote structural reform in state sporting organisations and their affiliated associations and clubs. These included sports injury prevention, smoke-free, responsible serving of alcohol, sun protection, healthy eating, and welcoming and inclusive environments. Methods Year 7 and 11 female students from metropolitan (n = 17) and non-metropolitan secondary schools (n = 14) in Australia were invited to participate in three annual surveys. These surveys collected information about current or past membership of a sports club and the influence of HWEs on their decision to participate (or not) in a sports club. Results Year 7 (n = 328; 74.5%) and Year 11 (n = 112; 25.5%) female students completed all three waves (19.6% response rate; 82.7 and 74.0% retention rate). Most agreed that characteristics of HWEs were a positive influence on their participation in sports clubs, except those relating to alcohol and Sunsmart. Welcoming factors had consistent high agreement among respondents. Alcohol and friendliness factors of the club were regarded as being positively influential by higher percentages of non-metropolitan than metropolitan respondents. Conclusions Welcoming factors were the most positive influences on decisions to participate in sports clubs. These factors may be important in reducing barriers to sport participation. Strategies supporting the social environment within sports clubs should be prioritised.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Casey
- School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Health, Federation University Australia, PO Box 663, Ballarat, VIC 3353 Australia
| | - R M Eime
- School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Health, Federation University Australia, PO Box 663, Ballarat, VIC 3353 Australia.,Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001 Australia
| | - J T Harvey
- School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Health, Federation University Australia, PO Box 663, Ballarat, VIC 3353 Australia.,Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001 Australia
| | - N A Sawyer
- School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Health, Federation University Australia, PO Box 663, Ballarat, VIC 3353 Australia.,Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001 Australia
| | - M J Craike
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001 Australia
| | - C M Symons
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001 Australia
| | - W R Payne
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001 Australia
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Rossi M, Pasanen K, Kokko S, Alanko L, Heinonen OJ, Korpelainen R, Savonen K, Selänne H, Vasankari T, Kannas L, Kujala U, Villberg J, Parkkari J. Low back and neck and shoulder pain in members and non-members of adolescents' sports clubs: the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17:263. [PMID: 27370945 PMCID: PMC4930616 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-016-1114-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of self-reported low back pain (LBP) and neck and shoulder pain (NSP), and the related factors in members and non-members of adolescents' sports clubs. METHODS This cross-sectional study was based on surveys of 14-16-year-olds as a part of the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) Study. The surveys on self-reported health behaviours, injuries, and musculoskeletal health were conducted among sports club members (n = 962) and non-members (n = 675). Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to study the associations between dependent variables of LBP and NSP, and the independent factors. RESULTS The prevalence of LBP during the preceding 3 months was 35.0 % in girls and 24.5 % in boys (p < 0.05 for sex difference). The prevalence of NSP was 55.9 % in girls and 27.3 % in boys (p < 0.001 for sex difference). Being a sports club member increased the odds for LBP in boys (odds ratio [OR] 2.35, 95 % CI 1.48-3.72). On the other hand, sports club participation was associated with lower odds of frequent NSP in girls (OR 0.52, 95 % CI 0.33-0.82). No associations were found between other leisure-time physical activity and LBP or NSP. Higher screen time (computer games, TV/DVD, phone, Internet) during leisure-time increased the odds of NSP in boys and LBP in boys and girls. CONCLUSIONS In this study, self-reported LBP and NSP were already relatively common among adolescents. Girls have a higher risk for reporting LBP and NSP. Measures that are more effective in the prevention of LBP in male sports club members are needed. Excessive screen time is weakly associated with LBP and NSP, which should be taken into account in health promotion among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rossi
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.
| | - K Pasanen
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.,UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
| | - S Kokko
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - L Alanko
- Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Alppikatu 2, FI-00530, Helsinki, Finland
| | - O J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - R Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Clinic, Oulu Deaconess Institute, Albertinkatu 18, FI-90100, Oulu, Finland.,University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Health Research, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - K Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Haapaniementie 16, FI-70100, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Selänne
- LIKES Foundation for Sports and Health Sciences and Mehiläinen Physical Activity Clinic, P.O. Box 35, FI-40720, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - T Vasankari
- UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
| | - L Kannas
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - U Kujala
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J Villberg
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J Parkkari
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.,UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
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15
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Van Hoye A, Heuzé JP, Larsen T, Sarrazin P. Comparison of coaches' perceptions and officials guidance towards health promotion in French sport clubs: a mixed method study. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2016; 31:328-338. [PMID: 27060789 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyw015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the call to improve health promotion (HP) in sport clubs in the existing literature, little is known about sport clubs' organizational capacity. Grounded within the setting-based framework, this study compares HP activities and guidance among 10 football clubs. At least three grassroots coaches from each club (n = 68) completed the Health Promoting Sports Clubs scale to assess their perceptions of HP; an official (n = 10) was interviewed about club's activities and official's guidance provided to coaches. A concurrent embedded design with quantitative results guiding the qualitative analysis was used. Despite no significant differences regarding coaches' perceptions of HP between the 10 sport clubs, except for the policy dimension, officials' interviews revealed some contradictions. Sport participation was recognized as automatically promoting HP, meaning that sport practice entails many benefits, without questioning the nature of the activities. HP was considered as a secondary aim in regard to sport performance, leading to the lack of written policies, partnerships and sporadic HP activities. Future interventions should consider: (i) the creation of required policy and long-term vision; (ii) the link between HP and sport performance; (iii) the rootedness of sport clubs within their community and (iv) guidelines towards HP from sport federations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Van Hoye
- University of Grenoble Alpes, SENS, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - J-P Heuzé
- University of Grenoble Alpes, SENS, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - T Larsen
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5015, Norway
| | - P Sarrazin
- University of Grenoble Alpes, SENS, Grenoble, F-38000, France
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16
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Flatz A, Pfeifer N, Radtke T, Kriemler S, Klerings I, Wolfenden L, von Elm E. Interventions implemented through sporting organisations for promoting healthy behaviour or improving health outcomes. Hippokratia 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Flatz
- Lausanne University Hospital; Cochrane Switzerland, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine; Route de la Corniche 10 Lausanne Switzerland CH-1010
| | - Nadine Pfeifer
- Cochrane Switzerland, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital; Route de la Corniche 10 Lausanne Switzerland CH-1010
| | - Thomas Radtke
- University of Zurich; Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute; Hirschengraben 84 Zurich Switzerland 8001
| | - Susi Kriemler
- University of Zurich; Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute; Hirschengraben 84 Zurich Switzerland 8001
| | - Irma Klerings
- Danube University Krems; Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology; Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30 Krems Austria 3500a
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- University of Newcastle; School of Medicine and Public Health; Callaghan NSW Australia 2308
| | - Erik von Elm
- Lausanne University Hospital; Cochrane Switzerland, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine; Route de la Corniche 10 Lausanne Switzerland CH-1010
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17
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Van Hoye A, Heuzé JP, Van den Broucke S, Sarrazin P. Are coaches' health promotion activities beneficial for sport participants? A multilevel analysis. J Sci Med Sport 2016; 19:1028-1032. [PMID: 27017011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As major actors in sports activities, sports coaches can play a significant role in health education and contribute to the psychological well-being of young people. However, not all participants in sports activities experience sports positively, which reduces the potential benefits for health. The present study investigates if coaches' efforts to promote health increase young athletes' enjoyment, self-esteem and perceived health in daily life and decrease sport dropout. DESIGN To control for the variability between teams and between clubs, multilevel modeling was applied. METHODS A sample of 342 young football players completed questionnaires assessing their perceptions of coaches' Health Promotion (HP) activities, enjoyment of sports, dropout intentions, self-esteem and perceived health in daily life. RESULTS HP general score was positively related to enjoyment and perceived health as well as negatively dropout intentions. Players perceiving their coaches as promoting fair and play (Respect for oneself and others) scored higher on their perceptions of enjoyment in sport, self-esteem and self-reported health, and lower on dropout intentions. Moreover, players recognizing their coaches as encouraging their healthy lifestyle also reported higher perceptions of sport enjoyment, whereas player's perceived coaches' activities on substance use were associated with lower participants' enjoyment. CONCLUSIONS These results support the importance of developing HP in sports clubs. Especially, promoting respect of oneself and others seems to be the more beneficial to sport participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Van Hoye
- LCOMS EA7306, Université de Lorraine, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, SENS, France.
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18
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Kokko S, Selänne H, Alanko L, Heinonen OJ, Korpelainen R, Savonen K, Vasankari T, Kannas L, Kujala UM, Aira T, Villberg J, Parkkari J. Health promotion activities of sports clubs and coaches, and health and health behaviours in youth participating in sports clubs: the Health Promoting Sports Club study. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2015; 1:e000034. [PMID: 27900129 PMCID: PMC5117060 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2015-000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sports clubs form a potential setting for health promotion, but the research is limited. The aim of the Health Promoting Sports Club (HPSC) study was to elucidate the current health promotion activities of youth sports clubs and coaches, and to investigate the health behaviours and health status of youth participating in sports clubs compared to non-participants. Methods and analysis The study design employs cross-sectional multilevel and multimethod research with aspirations to a prospective cohort study in the next phase. The setting-based variables at sports clubs and coaching levels, and health behaviour variables at the individual level, are investigated using surveys; and total levels of physical activity are assessed using objective accelerometer measurements. Health status variables will be measured by preparticipation screening. The health promotion activity of sports clubs (n=154) is evaluated by club officials (n=313) and coaches (n=281). Coaches and young athletes aged 14–16 (n=759) years evaluate the coaches’ health promotion activity. The survey of the adolescents’ health behaviours consist of two data sets—the first is on their health behaviours and the second is on musculoskeletal complaints and injuries. Data are collected via sports clubs (759 participants) and schools 1650 (665 participants and 983 non-participants). 591 (418 athletes and 173 non-athletes) youth, have already participated in preparticipation screening. Screening consists of detailed personal medical history, electrocardiography, flow-volume spirometry, basic laboratory analyses and health status screening, including posture, muscle balance, and static and dynamic postural control tests, conducted by sports and exercise medicine specialists. Ethics and dissemination The HPSC study is carried out conforming with the declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was received from the Ethics Committee of Health Care District of Central Finland. The HPSC study is close-to-practice, which generates foundations for development work within youth sports clubs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Kokko
- Department of Health Sciences , Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyvaskyla , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Harri Selänne
- LIKES Foundation for Sport and Health Sciences and Mehiläinen Sports Clinic , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Lauri Alanko
- Clinic of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Foundation for Sport and Exercise Medicine , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Olli J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre and Department of Physical Activity & Health , University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute, Oulu, Finland; University of Oulu, Centre for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kai Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research , Tampere , Finland
| | - Lasse Kannas
- Department of Health Sciences , Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyvaskyla , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Urho M Kujala
- Department of Health Sciences , Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyvaskyla , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Tuula Aira
- Department of Health Sciences , Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyvaskyla , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Jari Villberg
- Department of Health Sciences , Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyvaskyla , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Jari Parkkari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland; Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
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Eime RM, Harvey JT, Charity MJ, Casey MM, van Uffelen JGZ, Payne WR. The contribution of sport participation to overall health enhancing physical activity levels in Australia: a population-based study. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:806. [PMID: 26290046 PMCID: PMC4545912 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The contribution of sport to overall health-enhancing leisure-time physical activity (HELPA) in adults is not well understood. The aim was to examine this in a national sample of Australians aged 15+ years, and to extend this examination to other ostensibly sport-associated activities. Methods The 2010 Exercise, Recreation and Sport Survey (ERASS) was conducted by telephone interview in four quarterly waves. Data from this survey were analysed to categorise leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) as HELPA or non-HELPA, and to categorise HELPA activities and sessions of HELPA activity by setting and frequency. The contribution of sport to HELPA was estimated, both directly through activities and settings classified as sport per se, and indirectly through other fitness activities ostensibly related to preparation for sport and enhancement of sport performance. Results Of 21,602 respondents, 82 % reported some LTPA in the 12 months prior to the survey. In aggregate, respondents reported 37,020 activity types in the previous 12 months, of which 94 % were HELPA. Of HELPA activities, 71 % were non-organised, 11 % were organised but not sport club-based, and 18 % were sport club-based. Of all sport activities, 52 % were HELPA. Of sport HELPA, 33 % was sport club-based and 78 % was undertaken ≥12 times/year. Sport club members were significantly more likely to have participated in running, but significantly less likely to have participated in walking or aerobics/fitness training, than non-club members. Conclusions Club sport participation contributes considerably to LTPA at health enhancing levels. Health promotion policies, and more specifically physical activity policies, should emphasize the role of sport in enhancing health. Sport policy should recognise the health-promoting role of community-based sport in addition to the current predominant focus on elite pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Eime
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria, 8001, Australia. .,School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Federation University Australia, PO Box 663, Ballarat, Victoria, 3353, Australia.
| | - J T Harvey
- School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Federation University Australia, PO Box 663, Ballarat, Victoria, 3353, Australia.
| | - M J Charity
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria, 8001, Australia. .,School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Federation University Australia, PO Box 663, Ballarat, Victoria, 3353, Australia.
| | - M M Casey
- School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Federation University Australia, PO Box 663, Ballarat, Victoria, 3353, Australia.
| | - J G Z van Uffelen
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria, 8001, Australia.
| | - W R Payne
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria, 8001, Australia.
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20
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Olstad DL, Goonewardene LA, McCargar LJ, Raine KD. If we offer it, will children buy it? Sales of healthy foods mirrored their availability in a community sport, commercial setting in Alberta, Canada. Child Obes 2015; 11:156-64. [PMID: 25719538 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2014.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community sports settings are often sources of unhealthy foods for children. Many managers in these settings are reluctant to increase availability of healthy food options because they perceive that healthy foods are not profitable. This study assessed the independent contribution of increased availability of healthy foods to their sales in a community sport, commercial context. Change in revenues per patron was also examined. METHODS The availability of healthy items was increased from 9.1% at baseline (35 days) to 25.0% during the intervention period (40 days), returning to 9.1% postintervention (6 days). Purchases of all patrons who bought foods/beverages (n=17,262 items sold) from two concessions at an outdoor community pool were assessed from baseline to postintervention. Chi-square analyses assessed differences in the proportion of healthy and unhealthy items sold, as well as in the proportion of total revenues per patron across periods. A trained observer also recorded qualitative observations pertaining to a subset of patrons' (n=221) dietary behaviors and activities. RESULTS Healthy items represented 7.7%, 22.7%, and 9.8% of sales during the preintervention, intervention, and postintervention periods, respectively (p<0.01). Sales of healthy beverages exceeded sales of all other product types. The proportion of total revenues per patron did not differ by period. CONCLUSIONS Food availability was an important environmental determinant of food purchasing behaviors in this community commercial context, given that sales of healthy foods closely mirrored their availability. Increased availability of healthy foods in community and commercial settings is important because concurrent changes within multiple environments will be required to improve children's dietary behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Lee Olstad
- 1 School of Public Health, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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21
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Kokko S. Sports clubs as settings for health promotion: fundamentals and an overview to research. Scand J Public Health 2015; 42:60-5. [PMID: 25416575 DOI: 10.1177/1403494814545105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This paper explores the efficacy and value of sports clubs as a setting for health promotion. Sports clubs for children and adolescents are the primary focus of the paper, and the aims are two-fold. AIMS Firstly, the paper aims to review the basis for and elements of the health promoting sports club (HPSC) concept. Secondly, the aim is to overview the international evolution of the HPSC concept and its usefulness in the research. The settings-based health promotion approach forms the basis for the HPSC concept and it is introduced first. Thereafter, both obligating and prospecting factors, to justify the importance for sports clubs to address health promotion, are expressed. Major prospecting factors relate to the facts that sports club activities reach a lot of children and adolescents, and that its educational nature is informal due to voluntary participation. The paper also presents multilevel structure of sports clubs, as well as the determinants affecting the settings-based work. The research concerning health promotion in sports-related settings is evolving worldwide, and Nordic countries are in the front line of this new-wave of settings-based health promotion. Indeed, it has been claimed that, for the settings approach to assimilate to current societal challenges, there is a need to widen the reach of the approach to non-traditional, non-institutional settings, like sports clubs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Kokko
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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23
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Do coaches perceive themselves as influential on physical activity for girls in organised youth sport? PLoS One 2014; 9:e105960. [PMID: 25184413 PMCID: PMC4153558 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Participation in organised youth sports (OYS) has been recommended as an opportunity to increase young peoples' physical activity (PA) levels. While coaches can potentially influence athletes' PA levels, what has not been explored is the question; do coaches perceive themselves as influential on PA for girls in OYS? Participants were 30 coaches of girls OYS teams aged 9–17 years in the Greater Sydney Metropolitan Area, Australia. Participants took part in a semi-structured interview that lasted approximately 30 minutes. They responded to questions regarding their perceived role as coaches, their perceptions of themselves as role models for PA, their views on their athletes' current PA levels, their opinions on improving their athletes' PA levels, and their perceived challenges as coaches in OYS. Many coaches considered themselves role models for PA due to their own involvement in organised sports. Coaches felt that they were conscious of girls' PA levels during training and could accurately gauge how active girls were. Coaches perceived their training sessions to provide sufficient PA and thus, did not feel the need to try to increase PA during training. Many coaches were cautious about conducting training sessions where the PA intensity was high for prolonged periods because they believed that it could potentially result in dropout from OYS. Coaches' perceived time commitment to OYS, variability of skill/experience amongst girls, and poor parental support as major challenges they experienced in OYS. This study provided a unique insight from the perspective of coaches in OYS. Most coaches felt that they had the potential to influence PA for girls in OYS; however, coaches may underestimate or not fully realise the impact they can have on the girls they coach. Future research should focus on educating coaches to capitalise on the opportunity they have to promote PA through OYS.
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Kelly B, Bauman AE, Baur LA. Population estimates of Australian children's exposure to food and beverage sponsorship of sports clubs. J Sci Med Sport 2014; 17:394-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Roncarolo F, Lanati N, Philpott M, Drygas W, Ruszkowska J, Ireland R, Tenconi MT. Process evaluation of European 'Healthy Stadia' program. Health Promot Int 2014; 30:881-90. [PMID: 24770581 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dau025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy Stadia (HS) is a European public health pilot-program started in 2007 to support sports stadia in promoting the health of people who work and visit sports stadia, as well as inhabitants of the surrounding communities. The aim of this study is to describe the process evaluation of the program, from its beginning in July 2007 to December 2009, in order to assess the feasibility and sustainability of an HS network across Europe. The program involved nine associate partners involved in the coordination of activities at a local level, in the recruitment of stadia, in the development of specific program tasks and in the dissemination of the program at a national level. The activities of associate partners were evaluated through structured questionnaires administered every 6 months. The questionnaire response rate from associate partners was 77.8% for the first and third evaluations and 88.9% for the second and fourth evaluations. According to the evaluation's results, several good practices such as alcohol prevention policies and those supporting people with disabilities were implemented in stadia over the course of the program. Conversely, practices supporting mental health and green transport were generally not achieved. The implemented activities mainly involved staff and visitors. Lack of human and economic resources, especially toward the end of the program, was considered the principal challenge for program development. In conclusion, the process evaluation presented the feasibility of the HS program and the development of health promoting practices in sport stadia over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Roncarolo
- Department of Public Health and Neurosciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy IRSPUM-Institut de Recherche en Santé Publique de L'Université de Montréal
| | - N Lanati
- Department of Public Health and Neurosciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Philpott
- European Healthy Stadia Network CIC, Liverpool, UK
| | - W Drygas
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - J Ruszkowska
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - M T Tenconi
- Department of Public Health and Neurosciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Guagliano JM, Lonsdale C, Kolt GS, Rosenkranz RR. Increasing girls' physical activity during an organised youth sport basketball program: a randomised controlled trial protocol. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:383. [PMID: 24751173 PMCID: PMC4098641 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in organised youth sports (OYS) has been recommended as an opportunity to increase young peoples' moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels. Participants, however, spend a considerable proportion of time during OYS inactive. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to investigate whether coaches who attended coach education sessions (where education on increasing MVPA and decreasing inactivity during training was delivered) can increase players' MVPA during training sessions over a 5-day basketball program compared to coaches who did not receive coach education sessions. METHODS/DESIGN A convenience sample of 80 female players and 8 coaches were recruited into the UWS School Holiday Basketball Program in Greater Western Sydney, Australia. A two-arm, parallel-group randomised controlled trial was employed to investigate whether coaches who attended 2 coach education sessions (compared with a no-treatment control) can increase their players' MVPA during training sessions over a 5-day basketball program. Objectively measured physical activity, directly observed lesson context and leader behaviour, player motivation, players' perceived autonomy support, and coaching information (regarding training session planning, estimations on player physical activity and lesson context during training, perceived ability to modify training sessions, perceived importance of physical activity during training, intention to increase physical activity/reduce inactivity, and likelihood of increasing physical activity/reducing inactivity) were assessed at baseline (day 1) and at follow-up (day 5). Linear mixed models will be used to analyse between arm differences in changes from baseline to follow-up on all outcomes. DISCUSSION The current trial protocol describes, to our knowledge, the first trial conducted in an OYS context to investigate the efficacy of an intervention, relative to a control, in increasing MVPA. This study's findings will provide evidence to inform strategies targeting coaches to increase MVPA in OYS, which could have major public health implications, given the high proportion of children and adolescents who participate in OYS globally. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12613001099718.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Guagliano
- School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chris Lonsdale
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gregory S Kolt
- School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard R Rosenkranz
- School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Human Nutrition, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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Kokko S. Guidelines for youth sports clubs to develop, implement, and assess health promotion within its activities. Health Promot Pract 2013; 15:373-82. [PMID: 24357861 DOI: 10.1177/1524839913513900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The settings approach to health promotion is a world-known concept concerning settings like city, hospital, school, and workplace. The concept has also been used in some regionally specific settings, such as island, prison, or university. However, there are still many, often noninstitutional, settings that have a lot of potential but have not yet been recognized. One of the newcomers is the youth sports club, which has the potential to reach a lot of children and adolescents and is effective, via its casual educational nature based on voluntary participation. According to research, health is an important aim for most youth sports clubs, but it has not been converted into practical actions. Indeed, the clubs often recognize the importance of healthy lifestyles, but there is a lack of understanding of what to do to reinforce it within one's activities. That is why, on the basis of the results of the Health Promoting Sports Club survey in Finland, guidelines for clubs to enhance health promotion as a part of their activities were created. The aim of this article is to present the guidelines, theirs rationale, and practical examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Kokko
- 1University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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28
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Kokko S, Green LW, Kannas L. A review of settings-based health promotion with applications to sports clubs. Health Promot Int 2013; 29:494-509. [PMID: 23817337 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dat046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sports clubs have a long and traditional history in many countries, yet they remain underdeveloped and underutilized settings for health promotion. Leisure time settings, in general, have been in minor role among settings-based health promotion initiatives. Current health concerns in western countries, such as sedentary lifestyles and obesity, have aroused a need to expand health promotion to include also settings with greater potential to reach and engage children and adolescents in more vigorous activity. To develop these alternative, most often non-institutional, settings to the level of the established ones, it is important to review what has been done, what has been accepted and what is known from research, theory and practice to have contributed to health. Given that settings approaches have been implemented with diverse scope and without close cooperation between different initiatives, the first aim of this paper is, on the basis of a review of commonly used theories and practices, to propose a mutual definition for the settings approach to health promotion. The second is to examine the applicability of the theoretical basis to youth sports club settings. Sports clubs are used as a reflective setting when reviewing the traditional ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Kokko
- Department of Health Sciences, Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lawrence W Green
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lasse Kannas
- Department of Health Sciences, Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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29
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Jekauc D, Reimers AK, Wagner MO, Woll A. Physical activity in sports clubs of children and adolescents in Germany: results from a nationwide representative survey. J Public Health (Oxf) 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-013-0579-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Sormunen M, Tossavainen K, Turunen H. Finnish parental involvement ethos, health support, health education knowledge and participation: results from a 2-year school health intervention. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2013; 28:179-191. [PMID: 23385382 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyt005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A 2-year, participatory action research school health study focused on developing components for home-school partnerships to support children's health learning process. Two intervention schools implemented strengthened health and collaboration-orientated activities; two control schools followed the national core curriculum without extracurricular activities. The parents of fourth-grade pupils (10-11 years at baseline) completed questionnaires before intervention in spring 2008 (N = 348) and after intervention in spring 2010 (N = 358). A two-way analysis of variance was conducted to determine whether time (2008/2010) and group (intervention/control) influenced parents' perceptions and experiences of parental involvement, health education and health support received from the school. Compared with controls, the intervention schools' parents experienced greater involvement ethos (Cohen's d = 0.57, P < 0.001), increased knowledge of health education (Cohen's d = 0.60, P = 0.02) and health support (Cohen's d = 0.35, P = 0.02). Health education participation among parents increased only partially during the intervention (Cohen's d = -0.12, P = 0.193). School health interventions based on schools' needs may have the potential to influence positively the relationship between home and school and increase the visibility of health education. The study was undertaken within the Schools for Health in Europe program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorita Sormunen
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
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Krølner R, Suldrup Jørgensen T, Aarestrup AK, Hjøllund Christiansen A, Christensen AM, Due P. The Boost study: design of a school- and community-based randomised trial to promote fruit and vegetable consumption among teenagers. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:191. [PMID: 22413782 PMCID: PMC3375189 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the Boost study was to produce a persistent increase in fruit and vegetable consumption among 13-year-olds. This paper describes the development, implementation and evaluation of a school-and community-based, multi-component intervention guided by theory, evidence, and best practice. METHODS/DESIGN We used the Intervention Mapping protocol to guide the development of the intervention. Programme activities combined environmental and educational strategies and focused on increasing access to fruit and vegetables in three settings: School: Daily provision of free fruit and vegetables; a pleasant eating environment; classroom curricular activities; individually computer tailored messages; one-day-workshop for teachers. Families: school meeting; guided child-parent activities; newsletters. Local community: guided visits in grocery stores and local area as part of classroom curriculum; information sheets to sports-and youth clubs.The Boost study employed a cluster-randomised controlled study design and applied simple two-stage cluster sampling: A random sample of 10 municipalities followed by a random sample of 4 schools within each municipality (N = 40 schools). Schools were randomised into a total of 20 intervention-and 20 control schools. We included all year 7 pupils except those from school classes with special needs. Timeline: Baseline survey: August 2010. Delivery of intervention: September 2010-May 2011. First follow-up survey: May/June 2011. Second follow-up survey: May/June 2012. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES Daily mean intake of fruit and vegetables and habitual fruit and vegetable intake measured by validated 24-hour recall-and food frequency questionnaires. SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES determinants of fruit and vegetable intake, positive side-effects and unintended adverse effects. Implementation was monitored by thorough process evaluation. DISCUSSION The baseline data file included 2,156 adolescents (95%). There was baseline equivalence between intervention-and control groups for sociodemographics, primary outcomes, and availability at home, school and sports-and youth clubs. Significantly larger proportions of pupils in the control group had parents born in Denmark. The study will provide insights into effective strategies to increase fruit and vegetable intake among teenagers. The study will gain knowledge on implementation processes, intervention effects in population subgroups with low intake, and opportunities for including local communities in interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Krølner
- Centre for Intervention Research in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of Southern Denmark, National Institute of Public Health, Øster Farimagsgade, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
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Drygas W, Ruszkowska J, Philpott M, Björkström O, Parker M, Ireland R, Roncarolo F, Tenconi M. Good practices and health policy analysis in European sports stadia: results from the 'Healthy Stadia' project. Health Promot Int 2011; 28:157-65. [PMID: 22139638 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dar088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sport plays an important role within society and sports stadia provide significant settings for public health strategies. In addition to being places of mass gathering, stadia are often located in less affluent areas and are traditionally attended by 'harder to reach' communities. Unfortunately sports stadia and the clubs they host are rarely perceived as places that promote healthy lifestyles. Fast food, alcohol and tobacco are commonly advertized, served and consumed during sports games giving the spectators and TV fans contradictory messages concerning healthy choices. As part of a wider programme of work part-funded by the European Union, a study was therefore designed to explore current 'good practice' relating to positive health interventions in sports stadia across a number of European countries. Using a specially designed questionnaire, information about health policies and good practices relating to food offerings in stadia, physical activity promotion among local communities, tobacco policy, positive mental health initiatives, environmental sustainability practices and social responsibility policies were collected in 10 European countries (England and Northern Ireland, Finland, Georgia, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Spain and Sweden) involving 88 stadia. The audit results show that stadia health policies differ considerably between specific countries and sports. Based on the literature analysed, the examples of good practices collected through the study, and the subsequent instigation of a European Healthy Stadia Network, it shows that there is considerable potential for stadia to become health promoting settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Drygas
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Vuori MT, Kannas LK, Villberg J, Ojala SAK, Tynjälä JA, Välimaa RS. Is physical activity associated with low-risk health behaviours among 15-year-old adolescents in Finland? Scand J Public Health 2011; 40:61-8. [PMID: 22042742 DOI: 10.1177/1403494811423429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the associations between physical activity and the pattern of risk health behaviour consisting of smoking, alcohol consumption, snuff (snus), cannabis, and condom use among 15-year-old adolescents, taking their educational aspirations and family affluence into account. METHODS The data were collected in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study in Finland in 2006. Standardised questionnaires were issued at schools to a 15-year-old nationally representative sample, of which 84.5% (1710 pupils) participated. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the associations between physical activity, pattern of risk health behaviour, family affluence, and educational aspirations. Separate models for daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) were tested. Multi-level analysis was performed in order to control the nested characteristics of the data. RESULTS Boys were significantly more physically active and used alcohol, cannabis, and snuff more often than girls. Girls had used a condom in their last intercourse less often than boys. The educational aspirations for higher education had the strongest association with the low-risk health behaviour, with the odds ratios in the MVPA model 3.30 (95% CI 2.41-4.55) for the boys and 3.46 (95% CI 2.56-4.67) for the girls. In the LTPA model, the corresponding odds ratios were 3.31 (95% CI 2.40-4.56) for the boys and 3.52 (95% CI 2.60-4.56) for the girls. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity was not significantly associated with the low-risk health behaviour, whereas educational aspirations for higher education showed the strongest association. The results support the earlier studies indicating a social gradient in health-related behaviour already in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika T Vuori
- Promoting Health and Functional Ability, Tampere, Finland.
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Kokko S, Kannas L, Villberg J, Ormshaw M. Health promotion guidance activity of youth sports clubs. HEALTH EDUCATION 2011. [DOI: 10.1108/09654281111180454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Eshah NF. Lifestyle and health promoting behaviours in Jordanian subjects without prior history of coronary heart disease. Int J Nurs Pract 2011; 17:27-35. [PMID: 21251151 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-172x.2010.01902.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Modern styles of living and the accelerated pace of life could direct people to adopt unhealthy lifestyles. Globally, literature indicates that the percentages of people who adopt healthy lifestyle behaviour (HLB) are disappointing. This study aimed to identify the level of adoption of HLB in Jordanian subjects and to compare the sociodemographic and self-reported clinical history based on the HLB adoption level. Cross-section descriptive study was conducted and Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile-II was used to reflect subjects' adoption of HLB. Through convenience sampling 260 subjects were enrolled; 50% had excess weight, 30% were current smokers, 53% had never had their cholesterol assessed. Findings revealed that subjects were not adopting HLB regularly. Women, married, educated, young subjects and having higher income subjects had higher HLB adoption level. Health-promotion programmes are urgently needed for this community and sociodemographic variables have to be considered throughout preparation, implementation and evaluation phases of such programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal F Eshah
- Zarqa Private University, Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa, Jordan.
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36
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Health promotion in sport: an analysis of peak sporting organisations' health policies. J Sci Med Sport 2011; 13:566-7. [PMID: 20621560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kelly B, Baur LA, Bauman AE, King L, Chapman K, Smith BJ. Examining opportunities for promotion of healthy eating at children's sports clubs. Aust N Z J Public Health 2010; 34:583-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00619.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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