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Saadati F, Nadrian H, Ghassab-Abdollahi N, Pashazadeh F, Gilani N, Taghdisi MH. Indices/Indicators Developed to Evaluate the "Creating Supportive Environments" Mechanism of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion: A Setting-Based Review on Healthy Environment Indices/ Indicators. Korean J Fam Med 2023; 44:261-267. [PMID: 37434481 PMCID: PMC10522467 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.22.0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the indices/indicators used for evaluating the "creating supportive environments" mechanism of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, with a focus on built environments, in different settings. A search for literature with no time limit constraint was performed across Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, and Embase databases. Search terms included "Ottawa Charter," "health promotion," "supportive environments," "built environments," "index," and "indicator." we included the studies conducted on developing, identifying, and/or measuring health promotion indices/indicators associated with "built environments" in different settings. The review articles were excluded. Extracted data included the type of instrument used for measuring the index/indicator, the number of items, participants, settings, the purpose of indices/indicators, and a minimum of two associated examples of the indices domains/indicators. The key definitions and summarized information from studies are presented in tables. In total, 281 studies were included in the review, within which 36 indices/indicators associated with "built environment" were identified. The majority of the studies (77%) were performed in developed countries. Based on their application in different settings, the indices/indicators were categorized into seven groups: (1) Healthy Cities (n=5), (2) Healthy Municipalities and Communities (n=18), (3) Healthy Markets (n=3), (4) Healthy Villages (n=1), (5) Healthy Workplaces (n=4), (6) Health-Promoting Schools (n=3), and (7) Healthy Hospitals (n=3). Health promotion specialists, health policymakers, and social health researchers can use this collection of indices/indicators while designing/evaluating interventions to create supportive environments for health in various settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Saadati
- Department of Health Education & Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Haidar Nadrian
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Ghassab-Abdollahi
- Department of Geriatric Health, Faculty of Health Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Pashazadeh
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Gilani
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Taghdisi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health and Medical Engineering, Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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From Technocracy to Democracy: Ways to Promote Democratic Engagement for Just Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience Building. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Climate change and the policy responses to it have implications in terms of (in)justice. Research in fields such as political ecology and environmental justice emphasizes the importance of policy-making addressing and responding to climate injustices. It, moreover, stresses that democratic engagement is imperative, since no universal agreement on the meaning of “justice” exists. Democratic engagement on climate (in)justice is, however, hampered by the predominance of technocratic policy frames. Considering this, knowledge of ways to promote democratic engagement is called for. This study develops such knowledge related to policy-making for climate change adaptation and resilience at the local level, in developed country contexts. Specifically, it draws on the “what’s the problem represented to be?” approach to conceptualize different styles of democratic engagement and examine the possibilities and limitations of each. From the data, comprised of previous research, representations of three styles of democratic engagement are identified and analyzed: (1) closure-oriented engagement centered on changing behaviors, (2) closure-oriented engagement centered on changing the systemic production of unjust practices, and (3) disruptive engagement centered on changing the systemic production of unjust practices. The contributions of this study are relevant to researchers, policymakers, activists and others interested in how to promote a democratization of climate policy-making.
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A Connected Community Approach: Citizens and Formal Institutions Working Together to Build Community-Centred Resilience. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910175. [PMID: 34639478 PMCID: PMC8507759 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Urban resilience research is recognizing the need to complement a mainstream preoccupation with “hard” infrastructure (electrical grid, storm sewers, etc.) with attention to the “soft” (social) infrastructure issues that include the increased visibility of and role for civil society, moving from (top-down, paternalistic) government to (participatory) governance. Analyses of past shock events invariably point to the need for more concerted efforts in building effective governance and networked relations between civil society groupings and formal institutions before, during, and after crisis. However, the literature contains little advice on how to go about this. In this paper, we advance a Connected Community Approach (CCA) to building community resilience with a specific focus on the relationship between community and formal institutions. In the literature review that informs this work, we assess the current, limited models for connecting communities to formal institutions, as well as the emerging role of community-based organizations in this work, and we offer our own assessment of some of the key tensions, lacunae, and trends in the community resilience field. Principally, we explore the potential of the CCA model, as spearheaded by the East Scarborough Storefront and the Centre for Connected Communities in Toronto, Canada, as a promising approach for building the relational space between civil society and the state that is so often called for in the literature. The paper concludes with future directions for research and practice.
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Vlot-van Anrooij K, Naaldenberg J, Hilgenkamp TIM, Vaandrager L, van der Velden K, Leusink GL. Towards healthy settings for people with intellectual disabilities. Health Promot Int 2021; 35:661-670. [PMID: 31243433 PMCID: PMC7414853 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daz054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
People with intellectual disabilities (ID) depend on their environment for support to live healthily. The characteristics of healthy settings for people with ID are unknown. This study aims to conceptualize healthy settings for people with ID by conducting an international and multidisciplinary concept mapping study. As theoretical framework the settings approach, an ecological model with a whole system focus toward health promotion, was used. The integrative mixed-methods approach of this study involved concept mapping with researchers specialized in healthcare for people with ID and researchers specialized in healthy settings. The 41 participants generated statements that were later sorted and rated. Findings encompass 13 clusters relating to the social environment, the physical environment and societal preconditions. Specific factors of healthy settings for people with ID include: (i) universal design of the physical environment, (ii) the role of care professionals in the social environment to empower people with ID, (iii) possibilities for care providers to contribute to a health-promoting setting and (iv) preconditions that allow people to engage in society. These factors can be used in strategies to apply the approach in practice and give directions to put in place policies on developing enabling environments and decreasing health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Vlot-van Anrooij
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Research group Intellectual Disabilities and Health, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - J Naaldenberg
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Research group Intellectual Disabilities and Health, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - T I M Hilgenkamp
- Department of General Practice, Intellectual Disability Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Vaandrager
- Department of Social Sciences, Health and Society, Wageningen University, PO Box 8130, 6706 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - K van der Velden
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - G L Leusink
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Research group Intellectual Disabilities and Health, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Masuda J, Lewis D, Poland B, Sanchez-Pimienta CE. Stop ringing the alarm; it is time to get out of the building! Canadian Journal of Public Health 2020; 111:831-835. [PMID: 33140231 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-020-00437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The volume of calls for governments and public health officials to take concerted action on climate change has become almost deafening. Public health researchers and practitioners need to look beyond what we know about the health impacts of climate change, to what we are doing as our part in contributing to holding global temperature rise to under 1.5°C. This commentary reflects on the common threads across the articles of a special section in this issue of the Canadian Journal of Public Health, "Moving on IPCC 1.5°C", which sought examples of bold research and action advancing climate change mitigation and adaptation. Among the articles, there are signs that the public health community is gaining momentum in confronting the climate crisis. Three critical lessons emerged: the need for institutional change from the top of public health, the essential power of community in intersectoral action on climate change preparedness, and the importance of centring Indigenous wisdom to decolonize colonial legacy systems. We encourage readers to move public health research and practice from an instrumental relationship with nature to one of reverence and sacred reciprocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Masuda
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, 28 Division St, ON, K7L 3N6, Kingston, Canada.
| | - Diana Lewis
- Department of Geography, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5C2, Canada
| | - Blake Poland
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St, ON, M5T 3M7, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carlos E Sanchez-Pimienta
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, 28 Division St, ON, K7L 3N6, Kingston, Canada
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Murray S, Poland B. Neighbourhood climate resilience: lessons from the Lighthouse Project. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2020; 111:890-896. [PMID: 33104971 PMCID: PMC7586870 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-020-00432-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Lighthouse Project (2017-2018) explored the role that faith-based organizations (FBOs) might play as resilience hubs for climate-related stresses and extreme weather emergencies in disadvantaged urban environments of three cities. This paper discusses the role that public health played in these initiatives and makes an appeal for more participatory, community-engaged public health in light of the persistent gaps in its approach to equitable climate change preparedness. METHODS Pilots were initiated in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA): Brampton's Emergency Managers offered pre-selected FBO volunteers specialized training to be part of the city's emergency response in establishing FBO sites as emergency muster stations. An environmental organization in Hamilton explored how its existing networks could rally around a local social resilience challenge, and a community organizer in Toronto undertook network building to support mostly newcomer populations in one inner-city neighbourhood. All pilots used a mix of cold calling, workshops, municipal presentations, and participation in local programming and public events. Two convened local working groups. RESULTS By the end of the pilot, Brampton's Emergency Management Office had made one contractual relationship with an FBO and its volunteers. In Hamilton, a multi-stakeholder network emerged to support the climate preparedness of agencies serving local vulnerable populations. In Toronto, a residents' working group was established to address neighbour well-being and emergency response in one apartment tower. Work in all three communities is ongoing. CONCLUSION Multi-stakeholder support for community organizations and local volunteers can enable partnerships in neighbourhood-level climate resilience-before, during and after extreme weather events. Public Health, while not typically top-of-mind as a key ally in this work, is well positioned to make a contribution. Consistent with place-based approaches, an emergent community development design enabled community animators to catalyze collaborations to suit the on-the-ground realities of each site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Murray
- Community Resilience to Extreme Weather (CREW), Toronto, Canada.
| | - Blake Poland
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Parkes MW, Poland B, Allison S, Cole DC, Culbert I, Gislason MK, Hancock T, Howard C, Papadopoulos A, Waheed F. Preparing for the future of public health: ecological determinants of health and the call for an eco-social approach to public health education. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2019; 111:60-64. [PMID: 31792844 PMCID: PMC7046913 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-019-00263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
As a collective organized to address the education implications of calls for public health engagement on the ecological determinants of health, we, the Ecological Determinants Group on Education (cpha.ca/EDGE), urge the health community to properly understand and address the importance of the ecological determinants of the public’s health, consistent with long-standing calls from many quarters—including Indigenous communities—and as part of an eco-social approach to public health education, research and practice. Educational approaches will determine how well we will be equipped to understand and respond to the rapid changes occurring for the living systems on which all life—including human life—depends. We revisit findings from the Canadian Public Health Association’s discussion paper on ‘Global Change and Public Health: Addressing the Ecological Determinants of Health’, and argue that an intentionally eco-social approach to education is needed to better support the health sector’s role in protecting and promoting health, preventing disease and injury, and reducing health inequities. We call for a proactive approach, ensuring that the ecological determinants of health become integral to public health education, practice, policy, and research, as a key part of wider societal shifts required to foster a healthy, just, and ecologically sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot W Parkes
- Ecological Determinants Group on Education, Steering Committee, Ottawa, Canada. .,School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada.
| | - Blake Poland
- Ecological Determinants Group on Education, Steering Committee, Ottawa, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra Allison
- Ecological Determinants Group on Education, Steering Committee, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Northern Health Authority, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Donald C Cole
- Ecological Determinants Group on Education, Steering Committee, Ottawa, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Culbert
- Ecological Determinants Group on Education, Steering Committee, Ottawa, Canada.,Canadian Public Health Association, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Maya K Gislason
- Ecological Determinants Group on Education, Steering Committee, Ottawa, Canada.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Trevor Hancock
- Ecological Determinants Group on Education, Steering Committee, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Courtney Howard
- Ecological Determinants Group on Education, Steering Committee, Ottawa, Canada.,Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew Papadopoulos
- Ecological Determinants Group on Education, Steering Committee, Ottawa, Canada.,Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Faiza Waheed
- Ecological Determinants Group on Education, Steering Committee, Ottawa, Canada.,Intrinsik, Mississauga, ON, Canada
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Mah CL, Hasdell R, Minaker LM, Soo SD, Cook B, Demaio AR. Entrepreneurialism and health-promoting retail food environments in Canadian city-regions. Health Promot Int 2019; 33:1055-1065. [PMID: 28973674 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dax049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The retail sector is a dynamic and challenging component of contemporary food systems with an important influence on population health and nutrition. Global consensus is clear that policy and environmental changes in retail food environments are essential to promote healthier diets and reduce the burden of obesity and non-communicable diseases. In this article, we explore entrepreneurialism as a form of social change-making within retail food environments, focusing on small food businesses. Small businesses face structural barriers within food systems. However, conceptual work in multiple disciplines and evidence from promising health interventions tested in small stores suggest that these retail places may have a dual role in health promotion: settings to strengthen regional economies and social networks, and consumer environments to support healthier diets. We will discuss empirical examples of health-promoting entrepreneurialism based on two sets of in-depth interviews we conducted with public health intervention actors in Toronto, Canada, and food entrepreneurs and city-region policy actors in St. John's, Canada. We will explore the practices of entrepreneurialism in the retail food environment and examine the implications for population health interventions. We contend that entrepreneurialism is important to understand on its own and also as a dimension of population health intervention context. A growing social scientific literature offers a multifaceted lens through which we might consider entrepreneurialism not only as a set of personal characteristics but also as a practice in networked and intersectoral cooperation for public and population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Mah
- Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rebecca Hasdell
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Leia M Minaker
- School of Planning, Faculty of Environment, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie D Soo
- Policy and Innovation Branch, Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian Cook
- Toronto Food Strategy, Toronto Public Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alessandro R Demaio
- Copenhagen School of Global Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Haglund BJA, Tillgren P. Milestones in Nordic Health Promotion research. Scand J Public Health 2018; 46:7-19. [PMID: 29552959 DOI: 10.1177/1403494817744930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Based on the storytelling tradition and analyses of conference material, this article provides an overview of the evolving Nordic Health Promotion Research Network (NHPRN) and its conferences over the last 20 years. The story goes from the planning of the first conference in Bergen, Norway, back in 1996 to the eighth conference in Jyväskylä, Finland, in 2016. There have been three phases of development. During the first phase, 1996-2007, the five first conferences were initiated and implemented by departments of public health in the Nordic countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) collaborative centres of Health Promotion in Bergen University and a group at Karolinska Institute, Department of Social Medicine, creating supportive environments for health in Stockholm played key roles in initiating and supporting NHPRN. During the second phase, 2007-2014, the network was strengthened and supported by the Nordic School of Public Health (NHV) in Gothenburg. The third phase started when NHV closed down in 2015 and networking activities were transferred to the European Office of WHO in Copenhagen. The Nordic Health Promotion Research Conference series has served several purposes and will continue to do so. They are important Nordic meeting places, stimulating Health Promotion research, as well as explicitly managing ongoing concerns in the international Health Promotion community. This is reflected in the shift of foci over time. The content of the conferences has been highly responsive to whatever challenges are particularly relevant at different points in time, while also contributing to developing Health Promotion as a discipline, given that every conference has built on the previous ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo J A Haglund
- 1 Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Tillgren
- 2 School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Västerås, Sweden
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Dooris M. International perspectives on healthy settings: critical reflections, innovations and new directions. Glob Health Promot 2017; 23:5-7. [PMID: 27199012 DOI: 10.1177/1757975916637811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Dooris
- Healthy & Sustainable Settings Unit, School of Community Health and Midwifery, University of Central Lancashire, UK Guest editor, Global Health Promotion
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11
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Williams L. Empowerment and the ecological determinants of health: three critical capacities for practitioners. Health Promot Int 2017; 32:711-722. [PMID: 26989012 PMCID: PMC5914336 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daw011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human agency or the expression of intentionality towards some form of betterment has long occupied human imagination and creativity. The ways in which we express such aspirations are fundamentally informed by our beliefs about the nature of reality, meanings of human well-being and progress, and the ways in which our social locations shape our interests. Within Western health-promoting discourse and practice, such processes have largely been expressed through the construct of empowerment. To date, like health, much empowerment practice has been implicitly rooted in Cartesianism, has tended towards anthropocentrism and in cases where it has engaged with environmental issues, has mirrored environmentalism's focus on externalities and objectivity. These tendencies coupled with the increasing complexity of global, ecological, human well-being issues call empowerment practitioners to integrate new kinds of capacities more suited to addressing the ecological determinants of health. Drawing in part on the author's empowerment research over more than a decade, this article distinguishes between a range of epistemological perspectives underlying contemporary empowerment practices while fore-grounding the concepts of place-based agency and social-ecological resilience. These constructs in turn form the basis for three capacities considered critical for practitioners addressing human-ecological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Williams
- Centre for Global Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- School of Public Heath, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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12
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Gabari Gambarte MI, Sáenz Mendía R. [Keys to preventing accidents in children in the school context]. GACETA SANITARIA 2016; 32:405-410. [PMID: 27816229 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To learn about children's perception of the causes and prevention strategies involved in school accidents. METHOD The sample included 584 school children aged 8-9 years from Navarra. A mixed design was chosen by questionnaire with three open-response questions and one multiple-choice assessment. Analysis was performed in two phases: 1) qualitative development of categories and dimensions of the responses of narrative content, and 2) quantitative variables for recoding correlational analysis. RESULTS 22 categories emerged, which make up three perceptual dimensions: 1) attribution of causality (5), 2) identification of mechanisms of avoidance (11), and 3) development of coping strategies (6). The correlation intra-variables portray varying degrees: on the one hand, moderate positive numbers (r>0.5) in allocating and identifying causality avoidance mechanisms and, on the other hand, high positive correlation values (r>0.7) referred to developing coping strategies. DISCUSSION Children are able to identify accidents as a health problem. They question the multiplicity of elements involved and relate the origin and kind of accident to prevention and support mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Inés Gabari Gambarte
- Departamento de Psicología y Pedagogía, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
| | - Raquel Sáenz Mendía
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, España
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13
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Dooris M. Perspectives internationales sur les lieux de vie favorables à la santé : réflexions critiques, innovations et nouvelles orientations. Glob Health Promot 2016; 23:101-3. [PMID: 27199025 DOI: 10.1177/1757975916643056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Dooris
- Healthy and Sustainable Settings Unit, School of Community Health and Midwifery, University of Central Lancashire, Royaume-Uni Rédacteur invité, Global Health Promotion
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14
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Patrick R, Dooris M, Poland B. Healthy Cities and the Transition movement: converging towards ecological well-being? Glob Health Promot 2016; 23:90-3. [DOI: 10.1177/1757975915595341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This commentary identifies similarities, differences and opportunities for synergy and mutual learning between the Healthy Cities and the Transition movements. We outline what we consider to be the ‘pressing issues’ facing humanity and the planet in the early 21st century; consider the extent to which health promotion has engaged with and addressed these issues; compare Healthy Cities and the Transition movement; and conclude by suggesting possibilities for moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Patrick
- School of Health & Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Dooris
- School of Health, University of Central Lancashire, UK
| | - Blake Poland
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Dooris M. Perspectivas internacionales sobre los entornos saludables: reflexiones críticas, innovaciones y nuevas direcciones. Glob Health Promot 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1757975916641252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Dooris
- School of Community Health and Midwifery, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
- Editor invitado, Global Health Promotion
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16
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Douglas F, Sapko J, Kiezebrink K, Kyle J. Resourcefulness, Desperation, Shame, Gratitude and Powerlessness: Common Themes Emerging from A Study of Food Bank Use in Northeast Scotland. AIMS Public Health 2015; 2:297-317. [PMID: 29546112 PMCID: PMC5690237 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2015.3.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing policy maker and public concern about current trends in food bank use in Scotland. Yet little is known about the experiences of those seeking help from food banks in this country. This research aimed to address this issue by studying the use and operation of a food bank situated in a rich northeast city during January and June 2014. The study aimed to establish who was seeking help from the food bank, their reasons for doing so, and what those who did thought of, and dealt with the food they received from it. Consequently, an audit of the food bank's client database, four months of participant observation based in the food bank, and seven face-to-face interviews with current and former food bank clients were conducted. The audit revealed that clients came from a range of socio-economic backgrounds, with men more likely to access it compared to women. Debt and social security benefit delays were cited as the main reasons for doing so. Qualitative data confirmed that sudden and unanticipated loss of income was a key driver of use. Resourcefulness in making donated food last as long as possible, keeping fuel costs low, and concern to minimise food waste were commonly described by participants. Desperation, gratitude, shame and powerlessness were also prevalent themes. Furthermore, clients were reluctant to ask for food they normally ate, as they were acutely aware that the food bank had little control over what it was able offer. Insights from this study suggest that recent UK policy proposals to address food poverty may have limited impact, without concomitant effort to address material disadvantage. Research is urgently required to determine the precise nature and extent of household level food insecurity in Scotland, and to consider monitoring for adverse physical and mental health outcomes for those affected by it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Douglas
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland
| | - Jennifer Sapko
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - Kirsty Kiezebrink
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - Janet Kyle
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland
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Tarasuk V, Dachner N, Hamelin AM, Ostry A, Williams P, Bosckei E, Poland B, Raine K. A survey of food bank operations in five Canadian cities. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:1234. [PMID: 25432209 PMCID: PMC4289166 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food banks have emerged in response to growing food insecurity among low-income groups in many affluent nations, but their ability to manage this problem is questionable. In Canada, in the absence of public programs and policy interventions, food banks are the only source of immediate assistance for households struggling to meet food needs, but there are many indications that this response is insufficient. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors that facilitate and limit food bank operations in five Canadian cities and appraise the potential of these initiatives to meet food needs. METHODS An inventory of charitable food provisioning in Halifax, Quebec City, Toronto, Edmonton, and Victoria, Canada was conducted in 2010. Of the 517 agencies that participated in a telephone survey of their operations, 340 were running grocery programs. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between program characteristics, volume of service, and indicators of strain in food banks' abilities to consistently achieve the standards of assistance they had established. RESULTS Extensive, well-established food bank activities were charted in each city, with the numbers of people assisted ranging from 7,111 in Halifax to 90,141 in Toronto per month. Seventy-two percent of agencies indicated that clients needed more food than they provided. The number of people served by any one agency in the course of a month was positively associated with the proportion of food distributed that came from donations (beta 0.0143, SE 0.0024, p 0.0041) and the number of volunteers working in the agency (beta 0.0630, SE 0.0159, p 0.0167). Food banks only achieved equilibrium between supply and demand when they contained demand through restrictions on client access. When access to assistance was less restricted, the odds of food banks running out of food and invoking measures to ration remaining supplies and restrict access rose significantly. CONCLUSIONS Despite their extensive history, food banks in Canada remain dependent on donations and volunteers, with available resources quickly exhausted in the face of agencies' efforts to more fully meet clients' needs. Food banks have limited capacity to respond to the needs of those who seek assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Tarasuk
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada.
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De Young R. Some behavioral aspects of energy descent: how a biophysical psychology might help people transition through the lean times ahead. Front Psychol 2014; 5:1255. [PMID: 25404926 PMCID: PMC4217334 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We may soon face biophysical limits to perpetual growth. Energy supplies may tighten and then begin a long slow descent while defensive expenditures rise to address problems caused by past resource consumption. The outcome may be significant changes in daily routines at the individual and community level. It is difficult to know when this scenario might begin to unfold but it clearly would constitute a new behavioral context, one that the behavioral sciences least attends to. Even if one posits a less dramatic scenario, people may still need to make many urgent and perhaps unsettling transitions. And while a robust response would be needed, it is not at all clear what should be the details of that response. Since it is likely that no single response will fix things everywhere, for all people or for all time, it would be useful to conduct many social experiments. Indeed, a culture of small experiments should be fostered which, at the individual and small group level, can be described as behavioral entrepreneurship. This may have begun, hidden in plain sight, but more social experiments are needed. To be of help, it may be useful to both package behavioral insights in a way that is practitioner-oriented and grounded in biophysical trends and to propose a few key questions that need attention. This paper begins the process of developing a biophysical psychology, incomplete as it is at this early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond De Young
- Environmental Psychology Lab, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
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Shareck M, Frohlich KL, Poland B. Reducing social inequities in health through settings-related interventions -- a conceptual framework. Glob Health Promot 2014; 20:39-52. [PMID: 23797939 DOI: 10.1177/1757975913486686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The creation of supportive environments for health is a basic action principle of health promotion, and equity is a core value. A settings approach offers an opportunity to bridge these two, with its focus on the interplay between individual, environmental and social determinants of health. METHODS We conducted a scoping review of the literature on theoretical bases and practical applications of the settings approach. Interventions targeting social inequities in health through action on various settings were analyzed to establish what is done in health equity research and action as it relates to settings. RESULTS Four elements emerged as central to an equity-focused settings approach: a focus on social determinants of health, addressing the needs of marginalized groups, effecting change in a setting's structure, and involving stakeholders. Each came with related challenges. To offer potential solutions to these challenges we developed a conceptual framework that integrates theoretical and methodological approaches, along with six core guiding principles, into a 'settings praxis'. CONCLUSIONS Reducing social inequities in health through the creation of supportive environments requires the application of the settings approach in an innovative way. The proposed conceptual framework can serve as a guide to do so, and help develop, implement and evaluate equity-focused settings-related interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Shareck
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, Canada.
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Geidne S, Quennerstedt M, Eriksson C. The youth sports club as a health-promoting setting: an integrative review of research. Scand J Public Health 2013; 41:269-83. [PMID: 23349167 PMCID: PMC3807854 DOI: 10.1177/1403494812473204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aims of this review is to compile and identify key issues in international research about youth sports clubs as health-promoting settings, and then discuss the results of the review in terms of a framework for the youth sports club as a health-promoting setting. METHODS The framework guiding this review of research is the health-promoting settings approach introduced by the World Health Organization (WHO). The method used is the integrated review. Inclusion criteria were, first, that the studies concerned sports clubs for young people, not professional clubs; second, that it be a question of voluntary participation in some sort of ongoing organized athletics outside of the regular school curricula; third, that the studies consider issues about youth sports clubs in terms of health-promoting settings as described by WHO. The final sample for the review consists of 44 publications. RESULTS The review shows that youth sports clubs have plentiful opportunities to be or become health-promoting settings; however this is not something that happens automatically. To do so, the club needs to include an emphasis on certain important elements in its strategies and daily practices. The youth sports club needs to be a supportive and healthy environment with activities designed for and adapted to the specific age-group or stage of development of the youth. CONCLUSIONS To become a health-promoting setting, a youth sports club needs to take a comprehensive approach to its activities, aims, and purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Geidne
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden.
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Abstract
Peter Byass and colleagues urge public health professionals to strengthen their response and develop actions to bring health and climate co-benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nilsson
- Umeå Centre for Global Health Research, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Evengård
- Umeå Centre for Global Health Research, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rainer Sauerborn
- Umeå Centre for Global Health Research, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Institute of Public Health, Heidelberg University Medical School, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Byass
- Umeå Centre for Global Health Research, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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