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Ko VI, Ong K, Cleveland DW, Yu H, Ravits JM. CK1δ/ε kinases regulate TDP-43 phosphorylation and are therapeutic targets for ALS-related TDP-43 hyperphosphorylation. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 196:106516. [PMID: 38677657 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperphosphorylated TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) aggregates in the cytoplasm of neurons is the neuropathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and a group of neurodegenerative diseases collectively referred to as TDP-43 proteinopathies that includes frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and limbic onset age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy. The mechanism of TDP-43 phosphorylation is poorly understood. Previously we reported casein kinase 1 epsilon gene (CSNK1E gene encoding CK1ε protein) as being tightly correlated with phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43) pathology. Here we pursued studies to investigate in cellular models and in vitro how CK1ε and CK1δ (a closely related family sub-member) mediate TDP-43 phosphorylation in disease. We first validated the binding interaction between TDP-43 and either CK1δ and CK1ε using kinase activity assays and predictive bioinformatic database. We utilized novel inducible cellular models that generated translocated phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43) and cytoplasmic aggregation. Reducing CK1 kinase activity with siRNA or small molecule chemical inhibitors resulted in significant reduction of pTDP-43, in both soluble and insoluble protein fractions. We also established CK1δ and CK1ε are the primary kinases that phosphorylate TDP-43 compared to CK2α, CDC7, ERK1/2, p38α/MAPK14, and TTBK1, other identified kinases that have been implicated in TDP-43 phosphorylation. Throughout our studies, we were careful to examine both the soluble and insoluble TDP-43 protein fractions, the critical protein fractions related to protein aggregation diseases. These results identify CK1s as critical kinases involved in TDP-43 hyperphosphorylation and aggregation in cellular models and in vitro, and in turn are potential therapeutic targets by way of CK1δ/ε inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian I Ko
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0624, USA; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0624, USA
| | - Kailee Ong
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0624, USA
| | - Don W Cleveland
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0624, USA
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0624, USA
| | - John M Ravits
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0624, USA.
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2
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Tsekrekou M, Giannakou M, Papanikolopoulou K, Skretas G. Protein aggregation and therapeutic strategies in SOD1- and TDP-43- linked ALS. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1383453. [PMID: 38855322 PMCID: PMC11157337 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1383453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with severe socio-economic impact. A hallmark of ALS pathology is the presence of aberrant cytoplasmic inclusions composed of misfolded and aggregated proteins, including both wild-type and mutant forms. This review highlights the critical role of misfolded protein species in ALS pathogenesis, particularly focusing on Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), and emphasizes the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies targeting these misfolded proteins directly. Despite significant advancements in understanding ALS mechanisms, the disease remains incurable, with current treatments offering limited clinical benefits. Through a comprehensive analysis, the review focuses on the direct modulation of the misfolded proteins and presents recent discoveries in small molecules and peptides that inhibit SOD1 and TDP-43 aggregation, underscoring their potential as effective treatments to modify disease progression and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsekrekou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Giannakou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Papanikolopoulou
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, Greece
- ResQ Biotech, Patras Science Park, Rio, Greece
| | - Georgios Skretas
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
- ResQ Biotech, Patras Science Park, Rio, Greece
- Institute for Bio-innovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, Greece
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3
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Wang X, Hu Y, Xu R. The pathogenic mechanism of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:800-806. [PMID: 37843214 PMCID: PMC10664110 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The onset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is usually characterized by focal death of both upper and/or lower motor neurons occurring in the motor cortex, basal ganglia, brainstem, and spinal cord, and commonly involves the muscles of the upper and/or lower extremities, and the muscles of the bulbar and/or respiratory regions. However, as the disease progresses, it affects the adjacent body regions, leading to generalized muscle weakness, occasionally along with memory, cognitive, behavioral, and language impairments; respiratory dysfunction occurs at the final stage of the disease. The disease has a complicated pathophysiology and currently, only riluzole, edaravone, and phenylbutyrate/taurursodiol are licensed to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in many industrialized countries. The TAR DNA-binding protein 43 inclusions are observed in 97% of those diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This review provides a preliminary overview of the potential effects of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, including the abnormalities in nucleoplasmic transport, RNA function, post-translational modification, liquid-liquid phase separation, stress granules, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, axonal transport, protein quality control system, and non-cellular autonomous functions (e.g., glial cell functions and prion-like propagation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yushu Hu
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Renshi Xu
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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4
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Sengupta U, Kayed R. Tau Oligomers as Pathogenic Seeds: Preparation, Characterization, and Propagation In Vitro and In Vivo. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2754:147-183. [PMID: 38512666 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3629-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Tau oligomers have been shown to be the main toxic tau species in several neurodegenerative disorders. To study tau oligomers, we have developed reagents and established methods for the reliable preparation, isolation, and detection of tau oligomers as well as their seeding and propagation both in vitro and in vivo. Detailed below are methods for isolation of tau oligomers from brain tissues and detection of tau oligomers using tau oligomer-specific antibodies by biochemical, immunohistochemical, and biophysical methods. Further, methods for evaluating the biological activity of the tau oligomers including their effects on synaptic function, seeding, and propagation in cell models and in vivo are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmi Sengupta
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Departments of Neurology, and Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Rakez Kayed
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Departments of Neurology, and Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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5
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García Morato J, Gloeckner CJ, Kahle PJ. Proteomics elucidating physiological and pathological functions of TDP-43. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200410. [PMID: 37671599 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Trans-activation response DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) regulates a great variety of cellular processes in the nucleus and cytosol. In addition, a defined subset of neurodegenerative diseases is characterized by nuclear depletion of TDP-43 as well as cytosolic mislocalization and aggregation. To perform its diverse functions TDP-43 can associate with different ribonucleoprotein complexes. Combined with transcriptomics, MS interactome studies have unveiled associations between TDP-43 and the spliceosome machinery, polysomes and RNA granules. Moreover, the highly dynamic, low-valency interactions regulated by its low-complexity domain calls for innovative proximity labeling methodologies. In addition to protein partners, the analysis of post-translational modifications showed that they may play a role in the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, RNA binding, liquid-liquid phase separation and protein aggregation of TDP-43. Here we review the various TDP-43 ribonucleoprotein complexes characterized so far, how they contribute to the diverse functions of TDP-43, and roles of post-translational modifications. Further understanding of the fluid dynamic properties of TDP-43 in ribonucleoprotein complexes, RNA granules, and self-assemblies will advance the understanding of RNA processing in cells and perhaps help to develop novel therapeutic approaches for TDPopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge García Morato
- Laboratory of Functional Neurogenetics, Department of Neurodegeneration, German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Johannes Gloeckner
- Research Group Functional Neuroproteomics, German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
- Core Facility for Medical Bioanalytics, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Center for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Philipp J Kahle
- Laboratory of Functional Neurogenetics, Department of Neurodegeneration, German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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6
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Elmansy MF, Reidl CT, Rahaman M, Özdinler PH, Silverman RB. Small molecules targeting different cellular pathologies for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:2260-2302. [PMID: 37243319 PMCID: PMC10592673 DOI: 10.1002/med.21974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease in which the motor neuron circuitry displays progressive degeneration, affecting mostly the motor neurons in the brain and in the spinal cord. There are no effective cures, albeit three drugs, riluzole, edaravone, and AMX0035 (a combination of sodium phenylbutyrate and taurursodiol), have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration, with limited improvement in patients. There is an urgent need to build better and more effective treatment strategies for ALS. Since the disease is very heterogenous, numerous approaches have been explored, such as targeting genetic mutations, decreasing oxidative stress and excitotoxicity, enhancing mitochondrial function and protein degradation mechanisms, and inhibiting neuroinflammation. In addition, various chemical libraries or previously identified drugs have been screened for potential repurposing in the treatment of ALS. Here, we review previous drug discovery efforts targeting a variety of cellular pathologies that occur from genetic mutations that cause ALS, such as mutations in SOD1, C9orf72, FUS, and TARDP-43 genes. These mutations result in protein aggregation, which causes neuronal degeneration. Compounds used to target cellular pathologies that stem from these mutations are discussed and comparisons among different preclinical models are presented. Because the drug discovery landscape for ALS and other motor neuron diseases is changing rapidly, we also offer recommendations for a novel, more effective, direction in ALS drug discovery that could accelerate translation of effective compounds from animals to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F. Elmansy
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Cory T. Reidl
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Mizzanoor Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - P. Hande Özdinler
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Richard B. Silverman
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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7
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Yue W, Deng X, Wang Z, Jiang M, Hu R, Duan Y, Wang Q, Cui J, Fang Y. Inhibition of the MEK/ERK pathway suppresses immune overactivation and mitigates TDP-43 toxicity in a Drosophila model of ALS. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:27. [PMID: 37340309 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00354-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
TDP-43 is an important DNA/RNA-binding protein that is associated with age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD); however, its pathomechanism is not fully understood. In a transgenic RNAi screen using Drosophila as a model, we uncovered that knockdown (KD) of Dsor1 (the Drosophila MAPK kinase dMEK) suppressed TDP-43 toxicity without altering TDP-43 phosphorylation or protein levels. Further investigation revealed that the Dsor1 downstream gene rl (dERK) was abnormally upregulated in TDP-43 flies, and neuronal overexpression of dERK induced profound upregulation of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). We also detected a robust immune overactivation in TDP-43 flies, which could be suppressed by downregulation of the MEK/ERK pathway in TDP-43 fly neurons. Furthermore, neuronal KD of abnormally increased AMPs improved the motor function of TDP-43 flies. On the other hand, neuronal KD of Dnr1, a negative regulator of the Drosophila immune deficiency (IMD) pathway, activated the innate immunity and boosted AMP expression independent of the regulation by the MEK/ERK pathway, which diminished the mitigating effect of RNAi-dMEK on TDP-43 toxicity. Finally, we showed that an FDA-approved MEK inhibitor trametinib markedly suppressed immune overactivation, alleviated motor deficits and prolonged the lifespan of TDP-43 flies, but did not exhibit a lifespan-extending effect in Alzheimer disease (AD) or spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) fly models. Together, our findings suggest an important role of abnormal elevation of the MEK/ERK signaling and innate immunity in TDP-43 pathogenesis and propose trametinib as a potential therapeutic agent for ALS and other TDP-43-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Yue
- Interdisciplinary Research Center On Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xue Deng
- Interdisciplinary Research Center On Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center On Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Mingsheng Jiang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center On Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rirong Hu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center On Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yongjia Duan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center On Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiangqiang Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center On Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jihong Cui
- Interdisciplinary Research Center On Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yanshan Fang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center On Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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8
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Yusuff T, Chang YC, Sang TK, Jackson GR, Chatterjee S. Codon-optimized TDP-43 mediates neurodegeneration in a Drosophila model of ALS/FTLD. Front Genet 2023; 14:881638. [PMID: 36968586 PMCID: PMC10034021 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.881638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transactive response DNA binding protein-43 (TDP-43) is known to mediate neurodegeneration associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). The exact mechanism by which TDP-43 exerts toxicity in the brains, spinal cord, and lower motor neurons of affected patients remains unclear. In a novel Drosophila melanogaster model, we report gain-of-function phenotypes due to misexpression of insect codon-optimized version of human wild-type TDP-43 (CO-TDP-43) using both the binary GAL4/UAS system and direct promoter fusion constructs. The CO-TDP-43 model showed robust tissue specific phenotypes in the adult eye, wing, and bristles in the notum. Compared to non-codon optimized transgenic flies, the CO-TDP-43 flies produced increased amount of high molecular weight protein, exhibited pathogenic phenotypes, and showed cytoplasmic aggregation with both nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of TDP-43. Further characterization of the adult retina showed a disruption in the morphology and function of the photoreceptor neurons with the presence of acidic vacuoles that are characteristic of autophagy. Based on our observations, we propose that TDP-43 has the propensity to form toxic protein aggregates via a gain-of-function mechanism, and such toxic overload leads to activation of protein degradation pathways such as autophagy. The novel codon optimized TDP-43 model is an excellent resource that could be used in genetic screens to identify and better understand the exact disease mechanism of TDP-43 proteinopathies and find potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzeen Yusuff
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Tanzeen Yusuff, ; Shreyasi Chatterjee,
| | - Ya-Chu Chang
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Kang Sang
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - George R. Jackson
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- National Parkinson’s Disease Research Education and Clinical Center, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shreyasi Chatterjee
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Tanzeen Yusuff, ; Shreyasi Chatterjee,
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9
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Metamorphism in TDP-43 prion-like domain determines chaperone recognition. Nat Commun 2023; 14:466. [PMID: 36709343 PMCID: PMC9884275 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36023-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The RNA binding protein TDP-43 forms cytoplasmic inclusions via its C-terminal prion-like domain in several neurodegenerative diseases. Aberrant TDP-43 aggregation arises upon phase de-mixing and transitions from liquid to solid states, following still unknown structural conversions which are primed by oxidative stress and chaperone inhibition. Despite the well-established protective roles for molecular chaperones against protein aggregation pathologies, knowledge on the determinants of chaperone recognition in disease-related prions is scarce. Here we show that chaperones and co-chaperones primarily recognize the structured elements in TDP-43´s prion-like domain. Significantly, while HSP70 and HSP90 chaperones promote TDP-43 phase separation, co-chaperones from the three classes of the large human HSP40 family (namely DNAJA2, DNAJB1, DNAJB4 and DNAJC7) show strikingly different effects on TDP-43 de-mixing. Dismantling of the second helical element in TDP-43 prion-like domain by methionine sulfoxidation impacts phase separation and amyloid formation, abrogates chaperone recognition and alters phosphorylation by casein kinase-1δ. Our results show that metamorphism in the post-translationally modified TDP-43 prion-like domain encodes determinants that command mechanisms with major relevance in disease.
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10
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Lee S, Ryu HG, Kweon SH, Kim H, Park H, Lee KH, Jang SM, Na CH, Kim S, Ko HS. c-Abl Regulates the Pathological Deposition of TDP-43 via Tyrosine 43 Phosphorylation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243972. [PMID: 36552734 PMCID: PMC9776721 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-receptor tyrosine kinase, c-Abl plays a role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Here, we found that TDP-43, which was one of the main proteins comprising pathological deposits in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is a novel substrate for c-Abl. The phosphorylation of tyrosine 43 of TDP-43 by c-Abl led to increased TDP-43 levels in the cytoplasm and increased the formation of G3BP1-positive stress granules in SH-SY5Y cells. The kinase-dead mutant of c-Abl had no effect on the cytoplasmic localization of TDP-43. The expression of phosphor-mimetic mutant Y43E of TDP-43 in primary cortical neurons accumulated the neurite granule. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of TDP-43 at tyrosine 43 by c-Abl promoted the aggregation of TDP-43 and increased neuronal cell death in primary cortical neurons, but not in c-Abl-deficient primary cortical neurons. Identification of c-Abl as the kinase of TDP43 provides new insight into the pathogenesis of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saebom Lee
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Guk Ryu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin Ho Kweon
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hyerynn Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonwoo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ha Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hyun Na
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sangjune Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (H.S.K.)
| | - Han Seok Ko
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (H.S.K.)
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11
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Chiang WC, Fang YS, Lye YS, Weng TY, Ganesan K, Huang SH, Chang LY, Chou SC, Chen YR. Hyperphosphorylation-Mimetic TDP-43 Drives Amyloid Formation and Possesses Neuronal Toxicity at the Oligomeric Stage. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2599-2612. [PMID: 36007056 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
TDP-43 proteinopathies cover a range of neurodegenerative diseases, including frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Hyperphosphorylated TDP-43 was found within the inclusion bodies in disease lesions; however, the role of hyperphosphorylation and the toxic species are still ambiguous. To characterize the hyperphosphorylation effect of TDP-43, here, we employed five serine mutations implicated in the diseases at serine locations 379, 403, 404, 409, and 410 in the C-terminus to aspartate (S5D) and to alanine (S5A). We systematically characterized the conformation, liquid-liquid phase separation, oligomerization, and fibrillization of TDP-43 variants. Results revealed that the recombinant TDP-43 variants readily formed structurally similar spherical oligomers, as evidenced by circular dichroism spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, the TDP-43 oligomer-specific antibody assay, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. After incubation, only the phosphor-mimic S5D TDP-43 formed thioflavin-positive amyloid fibrils, whereas wild-type and S5A TDP-43 formed amorphous aggregates. We also examined membrane disruption, the cytotoxicity of human neuroblastoma, and the synaptic loss of primary neurons induced by oligomers and large aggregates of TDP-43. The results showed that all oligomeric TDP-43 variants were toxic regardless of hyperphosphorylation, but the fibrils and amorphous aggregates were not. Overall, our results demonstrated the hyperphosphorylation effect on fibril formation and the toxicity attributed from TDP-43 oligomers. This study facilitates the understanding and therapeutic development for TDP-43 proteinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chin Chiang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Fang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Kuang-Fu Rd., Sec. 2., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yuh Shen Lye
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Weng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kiruthika Ganesan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Han Huang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Yun Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Chou
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Nankang District, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Kuang-Fu Rd., Sec. 2., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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12
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Altered TDP-43 Structure and Function: Key Insights into Aberrant RNA, Mitochondrial, and Cellular and Systemic Metabolism in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080709. [PMID: 36005581 PMCID: PMC9415507 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal neuromuscular disorder with no cure available and limited treatment options. ALS is a highly heterogeneous disease, whereby patients present with vastly different phenotypes. Despite this heterogeneity, over 97% of patients will exhibit pathological TAR-DNA binding protein-43 (TDP-43) cytoplasmic inclusions. TDP-43 is a ubiquitously expressed RNA binding protein with the capacity to bind over 6000 RNA and DNA targets—particularly those involved in RNA, mitochondrial, and lipid metabolism. Here, we review the unique structure and function of TDP-43 and its role in affecting the aforementioned metabolic processes in ALS. Considering evidence published specifically in TDP-43-relevant in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models we posit that TDP-43 acts in a positive feedback loop with mRNA transcription/translation, stress granules, cytoplasmic aggregates, and mitochondrial proteins causing a relentless cycle of disease-like pathology eventuating in neuronal toxicity. Given its undeniable presence in ALS pathology, TDP-43 presents as a promising target for mechanistic disease modelling and future therapeutic investigations.
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13
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Kishino Y, Matsukawa K, Matsumoto T, Miyazaki R, Wakabayashi T, Nonaka T, Kametani F, Hasegawa M, Hashimoto T, Iwatsubo T. Casein kinase 1δ/ε phosphorylates fused in sarcoma (FUS) and ameliorates FUS-mediated neurodegeneration. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102191. [PMID: 35753345 PMCID: PMC9293781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant cytoplasmic accumulation of an RNA-binding protein, fused in sarcoma (FUS), characterizes the neuropathology of subtypes of ALS and frontotemporal lobar degeneration, although the effects of post-translational modifications of FUS, especially phosphorylation, on its neurotoxicity have not been fully characterized. Here, we show that casein kinase 1δ (CK1δ) phosphorylates FUS at 10 serine/threonine residues in vitro using mass spectrometric analyses. We also show that phosphorylation by CK1δ or CK1ε significantly increased the solubility of FUS in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. In transgenic Drosophila that overexpress wt or P525L ALS-mutant human FUS in the retina or in neurons, we found coexpression of human CK1δ or its Drosophila isologue Dco in the photoreceptor neurons significantly ameliorated the observed retinal degeneration, and neuronal coexpression of human CK1δ extended fly life span. Taken together, our data suggest a novel regulatory mechanism of the assembly and toxicity of FUS through CK1δ/CK1ε-mediated phosphorylation, which could represent a potential therapeutic target in FUS proteinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Kishino
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo; Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo; Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
| | - Koji Matsukawa
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Taisei Matsumoto
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Ryota Miyazaki
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo; Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
| | - Tomoko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo; Department of Innovative Dementia Prevention, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Takashi Nonaka
- Dementia Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science
| | - Fuyuki Kametani
- Dementia Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science
| | - Masato Hasegawa
- Dementia Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science
| | - Tadafumi Hashimoto
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo; Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry; Department of Innovative Dementia Prevention, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
| | - Takeshi Iwatsubo
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
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14
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Lye YS, Chen YR. TAR DNA-binding protein 43 oligomers in physiology and pathology. IUBMB Life 2022; 74:794-811. [PMID: 35229461 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is an RNA/DNA-binding protein involved in RNA regulation and diseases. In 2006, TDP-43 inclusions were found in the disease lesions of several neurodegenerative diseases. It is the pathological hallmark in both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar dementia. It also presents in a large portion of patients with Alzheimer's disease. TDP-43 is prone to aggregate; however, the role of TDP-43 oligomers remains poorly understood in both physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we emphasize the role of oligomeric TDP-43 in both physiological and pathological conditions and discuss the potential mechanisms of oligomer formation. Finally, we suggest therapeutic strategies against the TDP-43 oligomers in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh Shen Lye
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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15
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Gruijs da Silva LA, Simonetti F, Hutten S, Riemenschneider H, Sternburg EL, Pietrek LM, Gebel J, Dötsch V, Edbauer D, Hummer G, Stelzl LS, Dormann D. Disease-linked TDP-43 hyperphosphorylation suppresses TDP-43 condensation and aggregation. EMBO J 2022; 41:e108443. [PMID: 35112738 PMCID: PMC9016352 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Post‐translational modifications (PTMs) have emerged as key modulators of protein phase separation and have been linked to protein aggregation in neurodegenerative disorders. The major aggregating protein in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, the RNA‐binding protein TAR DNA‐binding protein (TDP‐43), is hyperphosphorylated in disease on several C‐terminal serine residues, a process generally believed to promote TDP‐43 aggregation. Here, we however find that Casein kinase 1δ‐mediated TDP‐43 hyperphosphorylation or C‐terminal phosphomimetic mutations reduce TDP‐43 phase separation and aggregation, and instead render TDP‐43 condensates more liquid‐like and dynamic. Multi‐scale molecular dynamics simulations reveal reduced homotypic interactions of TDP‐43 low‐complexity domains through enhanced solvation of phosphomimetic residues. Cellular experiments show that phosphomimetic substitutions do not affect nuclear import or RNA regulatory functions of TDP‐43, but suppress accumulation of TDP‐43 in membrane‐less organelles and promote its solubility in neurons. We speculate that TDP‐43 hyperphosphorylation may be a protective cellular response to counteract TDP‐43 aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara A Gruijs da Silva
- Biocenter, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU), Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Francesca Simonetti
- Biocenter, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU), Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Saskia Hutten
- Biocenter, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU), Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Erin L Sternburg
- Biocenter, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU), Mainz, Germany
| | - Lisa M Pietrek
- Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jakob Gebel
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Volker Dötsch
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Edbauer
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Hummer
- Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute for Biophysics, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lukas S Stelzl
- Biocenter, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU), Mainz, Germany.,Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,KOMET1, Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU), Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Dorothee Dormann
- Biocenter, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU), Mainz, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
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16
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Deng X, Sun X, Yue W, Duan Y, Hu R, Zhang K, Ni J, Cui J, Wang Q, Chen Y, Li A, Fang Y. CHMP2B regulates TDP-43 phosphorylation and cytotoxicity independent of autophagy via CK1. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:212740. [PMID: 34726688 PMCID: PMC8570292 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202103033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The ESCRT protein CHMP2B and the RNA-binding protein TDP-43 are both associated with ALS and FTD. The pathogenicity of CHMP2B has mainly been considered a consequence of autophagy–endolysosomal dysfunction, whereas protein inclusions containing phosphorylated TDP-43 are a pathological hallmark of ALS and FTD. Intriguingly, TDP-43 pathology has not been associated with the FTD-causing CHMP2BIntron5 mutation. In this study, we identify CHMP2B as a modifier of TDP-43–mediated neurodegeneration in a Drosophila screen. Down-regulation of CHMP2B reduces TDP-43 phosphorylation and toxicity in flies and mammalian cells. Surprisingly, although CHMP2BIntron5 causes dramatic autophagy dysfunction, disturbance of autophagy does not alter TDP-43 phosphorylation levels. Instead, we find that inhibition of CK1, but not TTBK1/2 (all of which are kinases phosphorylating TDP-43), abolishes the modifying effect of CHMP2B on TDP-43 phosphorylation. Finally, we uncover that CHMP2B modulates CK1 protein levels by negatively regulating ubiquitination and the proteasome-mediated turnover of CK1. Together, our findings propose an autophagy-independent role and mechanism of CHMP2B in regulating CK1 abundance and TDP-43 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Deng
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Sun
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenkai Yue
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjia Duan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rirong Hu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangxia Ni
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jihong Cui
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiangqiang Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yelin Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Guangdong Neuroscience Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanshan Fang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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TDP-43 pathology: from noxious assembly to therapeutic removal. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 211:102229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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18
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RNA-binding protein dysfunction in neurodegeneration. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:975-986. [PMID: 34927200 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is a prerequisite for cellular viability and plasticity. In particular, post-mitotic cells such as neurons rely on a tightly regulated safeguard system that allows for regulated protein expression. Previous investigations have identified RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) as crucial regulators of protein expression in nerve cells. However, during neurodegeneration, their ability to control the proteome is progressively disrupted. In this review, we examine the malfunction of key RBPs such as TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), Fused in Sarcoma (FUS), Staufen, Pumilio and fragile-X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Therefore, we focus on two key aspects of RBP dysfunctions in neurodegeneration: protein aggregation and dysregulation of their target RNAs. Moreover, we discuss how the chaperone system responds to changes in the RBP-controlled transcriptome. Based on recent findings, we propose a two-hit model in which both, harmful RBP deposits and target mRNA mistranslation contribute to neurodegeneration observed in RBPathologies.
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19
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Luo YY, Wu JJ, Li YM. Regulation of liquid-liquid phase separation with focus on post-translational modifications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:13275-13287. [PMID: 34816836 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05266g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), a type of phase transition that is important in organisms, is a unique means of forming biomolecular condensates. LLPS plays a significant role in transcription, genome organisation, immune response and cell signaling, and its dysregulation may cause neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. Exploring the regulatory mechanism of LLPS contributes to the understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of abnormal phase transition and enables potential therapeutic targets to be proposed. Many factors have been found to regulate LLPS, of which post-translational modification (PTM) is among the most important. PTMs can change the structure, charge, hydrophobicity and other properties of the proteins involved in phase separation and thereby affect the phase transition behaviour. In this review, we discuss LLPS and the regulatory effects of PTMs, RNA and molecular chaperones in a phase separation system. We introduce several common PTMs (including phosphorylation, arginine methylation, arginine citrullination, acetylation, ubiquitination and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation), highlight recent advances regarding their roles in LLPS and describe the regulatory mechanisms behind these features. This review provides a detailed overview of the field that will help further the understanding of and interventions in LLPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yi Luo
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Jun-Jun Wu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China. .,Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China. .,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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20
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Bonifacino T, Zerbo RA, Balbi M, Torazza C, Frumento G, Fedele E, Bonanno G, Milanese M. Nearly 30 Years of Animal Models to Study Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Historical Overview and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212236. [PMID: 34830115 PMCID: PMC8619465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, multigenic, multifactorial, and non-cell autonomous neurodegenerative disease characterized by upper and lower motor neuron loss. Several genetic mutations lead to ALS development and many emerging gene mutations have been discovered in recent years. Over the decades since 1990, several animal models have been generated to study ALS pathology including both vertebrates and invertebrates such as yeast, worms, flies, zebrafish, mice, rats, guinea pigs, dogs, and non-human primates. Although these models show different peculiarities, they are all useful and complementary to dissect the pathological mechanisms at the basis of motor neuron degeneration and ALS progression, thus contributing to the development of new promising therapeutics. In this review, we describe the up to date and available ALS genetic animal models, classified by the different genetic mutations and divided per species, pointing out their features in modeling, the onset and progression of the pathology, as well as their specific pathological hallmarks. Moreover, we highlight similarities, differences, advantages, and limitations, aimed at helping the researcher to select the most appropriate experimental animal model, when designing a preclinical ALS study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Bonifacino
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.B.); (R.A.Z.); (M.B.); (C.T.); (G.F.); (G.B.); (M.M.)
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 56122 Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberta Arianna Zerbo
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.B.); (R.A.Z.); (M.B.); (C.T.); (G.F.); (G.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Matilde Balbi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.B.); (R.A.Z.); (M.B.); (C.T.); (G.F.); (G.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Carola Torazza
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.B.); (R.A.Z.); (M.B.); (C.T.); (G.F.); (G.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Giulia Frumento
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.B.); (R.A.Z.); (M.B.); (C.T.); (G.F.); (G.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Ernesto Fedele
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.B.); (R.A.Z.); (M.B.); (C.T.); (G.F.); (G.B.); (M.M.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giambattista Bonanno
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.B.); (R.A.Z.); (M.B.); (C.T.); (G.F.); (G.B.); (M.M.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Milanese
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (T.B.); (R.A.Z.); (M.B.); (C.T.); (G.F.); (G.B.); (M.M.)
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 56122 Genoa, Italy
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21
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Tian Y, Wang Y, Jablonski AM, Hu Y, Sugam JA, Koglin M, Stachel SJ, Zhou H, Uslaner JM, Parmentier-Batteur S. Tau-tubulin kinase 1 phosphorylates TDP-43 at disease-relevant sites and exacerbates TDP-43 pathology. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 161:105548. [PMID: 34752923 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
TDP-43 pathology is a hallmark of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Namely, both diseases feature aggregated and phosphorylated TDP-43 containing inclusions in the cytoplasm and a loss of nuclear TDP-43 in affected neurons. It has been reported that tau tubulin kinase (TTBK)1/2 phosphorylate TDP-43 and TTBK1/2 overexpression induced neuronal loss and behavioral deficits in a C. elegans model of ALS. Here we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of TTBK1 in TDP-43 pathology. TTBK1 levels were observed to be elevated in ALS patients' post-mortem motor cortex. Also, TTBK1 was found to phosphorylate TDP-43 at disease-relevant sites in vitro directly, and this phosphorylation accelerated TDP-43 formation of high molecular species. Overexpression of TTBK1 in mammalian cells induced TDP-43 phosphorylation and the construction of high molecular species, concurrent with TDP-43 mis-localization and cytoplasmic inclusions. In addition, when TTBK1 was knocked down or pharmacologically inhibited, TDP-43 phosphorylation and aggregation were significantly alleviated. Functionally, TTBK1 knockdown could rescue TDP-43 overexpression-induced neurite and neuronal loss in iPSC-derived GABAergic neurons. These findings suggest that phosphorylation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of TDP-43 pathology and that TTBK1 inhibition may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of ALS and FTLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Neuroscience, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
| | - Yi Wang
- Neuroscience, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Angela M Jablonski
- Neuroscience, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Yinghui Hu
- Neuroscience, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Jonathan A Sugam
- Neuroscience, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Markus Koglin
- Mass Spectrometry & Biophysics, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, 2000 Galloping Hill Rd, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Shawn J Stachel
- Chemistry, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Heather Zhou
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, 2000 Galloping Hill Rd, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Jason M Uslaner
- Neuroscience, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA
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22
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Sternburg EL, Gruijs da Silva LA, Dormann D. Post-translational modifications on RNA-binding proteins: accelerators, brakes, or passengers in neurodegeneration? Trends Biochem Sci 2021; 47:6-22. [PMID: 34366183 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are critical players in RNA expression and metabolism, thus, the proper regulation of this class of proteins is critical for cellular health. Regulation of RBPs often occurs through post-translational modifications (PTMs), which allow the cell to quickly and efficiently respond to cellular and environmental stimuli. PTMs have recently emerged as important regulators of RBPs implicated in neurodegenerative disorders, in particular amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Here, we summarize how disease-associated PTMs influence the biophysical properties, molecular interactions, subcellular localization, and function of ALS/FTD-linked RBPs, such as FUS and TDP-43. We will discuss how PTMs are believed to play pathological, protective, or ambiguous roles in these neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Sternburg
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU) Mainz, Faculty of Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lara A Gruijs da Silva
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU) Mainz, Faculty of Biology, Mainz, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Munich, Germany
| | - Dorothee Dormann
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (JGU) Mainz, Faculty of Biology, Mainz, Germany; Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany.
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23
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Anderson EN, Morera AA, Kour S, Cherry JD, Ramesh N, Gleixner A, Schwartz JC, Ebmeier C, Old W, Donnelly CJ, Cheng JP, Kline AE, Kofler J, Stein TD, Pandey UB. Traumatic injury compromises nucleocytoplasmic transport and leads to TDP-43 pathology. eLife 2021; 10:e67587. [PMID: 34060470 PMCID: PMC8169113 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a predisposing factor for many neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Although defects in nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) is reported ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases, whether defects in NCT occur in TBI remains unknown. We performed proteomic analysis on Drosophila exposed to repeated TBI and identified resultant alterations in several novel molecular pathways. TBI upregulated nuclear pore complex (NPC) and nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) proteins as well as alter nucleoporin stability. Traumatic injury disrupted RanGAP1 and NPC protein distribution in flies and a rat model and led to coaggregation of NPC components and TDP-43. In addition, trauma-mediated NCT defects and lethality are rescued by nuclear export inhibitors. Importantly, genetic upregulation of nucleoporins in vivo and in vitro triggered TDP-43 cytoplasmic mislocalization, aggregation, and altered solubility and reduced motor function and lifespan of animals. We also found NUP62 pathology and elevated NUP62 concentrations in postmortem brain tissues of patients with mild or severe CTE as well as co-localization of NUP62 and TDP-43 in CTE. These findings indicate that TBI leads to NCT defects, which potentially mediate the TDP-43 pathology in CTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N Anderson
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghUnited States
| | - Andrés A Morera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| | - Sukhleen Kour
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghUnited States
| | - Jonathan D Cherry
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
- Boston VA Healthcare SystemBostonUnited States
| | - Nandini Ramesh
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghUnited States
| | - Amanda Gleixner
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
- LiveLike Lou Center for ALS Research, Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
| | - Jacob C Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of ArizonaTucsonUnited States
| | - Christopher Ebmeier
- Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - William Old
- Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Christopher J Donnelly
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
- LiveLike Lou Center for ALS Research, Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
| | - Jeffrey P Cheng
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of PittsburghPittsburghUnited States
| | - Anthony E Kline
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of PittsburghPittsburghUnited States
- Center for Neuroscience; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition; Critical Care Medicine, University of PittsburghPittsburghUnited States
| | - Julia Kofler
- Department of Pathology, University of PittsburghPittsburghUnited States
| | - Thor D Stein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of MedicineBostonUnited States
- Boston VA Healthcare SystemBostonUnited States
| | - Udai Bhan Pandey
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghUnited States
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Public HealthPittsburghUnited States
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24
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Eck RJ, Kraemer BC, Liachko NF. Regulation of TDP-43 phosphorylation in aging and disease. GeroScience 2021; 43:1605-1614. [PMID: 34032984 PMCID: PMC8492835 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00383-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Insoluble inclusions of phosphorylated TDP-43 occur in disease-affected neurons of most patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and about half of patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP). Phosphorylated TDP-43 potentiates a number of neurotoxic effects including reduced liquid-liquid phase separation dynamicity, changes in splicing, cytoplasmic mislocalization, and aggregation. Accumulating evidence suggests a balance of kinase and phosphatase activities control TDP-43 phosphorylation. Dysregulation of these processes may lead to an increase in phosphorylated TDP-43, ultimately contributing to neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration in disease. Here we summarize the evolving understanding of major regulators of TDP-43 phosphorylation as well as downstream consequences of their activities. Interventions restoring kinase and phosphatase balance may be a generalizable therapeutic strategy for all TDP-43 proteinopathies including ALS and FTLD-TDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall J Eck
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Seattle Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Brian C Kraemer
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Seattle Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA.,Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA
| | - Nicole F Liachko
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Seattle Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA. .,Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.
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25
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Zhao MJ, Yao X, Wei P, Zhao C, Cheng M, Zhang D, Xue W, He WT, Xue W, Zuo X, Jiang LL, Luo Z, Song J, Shu WJ, Yuan HY, Liang Y, Sun H, Zhou Y, Zhou Y, Zheng L, Hu HY, Wang J, Du HN. O-GlcNAcylation of TDP-43 suppresses proteinopathies and promotes TDP-43's mRNA splicing activity. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e51649. [PMID: 33855783 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological TDP-43 aggregation is characteristic of several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP); however, how TDP-43 aggregation and function are regulated remain poorly understood. Here, we show that O-GlcNAc transferase OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation of TDP-43 suppresses ALS-associated proteinopathies and promotes TDP-43's splicing function. Biochemical and cell-based assays indicate that OGT's catalytic activity suppresses TDP-43 aggregation and hyperphosphorylation, whereas abolishment of TDP-43 O-GlcNAcylation impairs its RNA splicing activity. We further show that TDP-43 mutations in the O-GlcNAcylation sites improve locomotion defects of larvae and adult flies and extend adult life spans, following TDP-43 overexpression in Drosophila motor neurons. We finally demonstrate that O-GlcNAcylation of TDP-43 promotes proper splicing of many mRNAs, including STMN2, which is required for normal axonal outgrowth and regeneration. Our findings suggest that O-GlcNAcylation might be a target for the treatment of TDP-43-linked pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jie Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Wei
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Xue
- Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Tian He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weili Xue
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinxin Zuo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei-Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyuan Luo
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute at School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaqi Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Jie Shu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Han-Ye Yuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute at School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Yu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiwu Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Ning Du
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, RNA Institute, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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26
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Layalle S, They L, Ourghani S, Raoul C, Soustelle L. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Genes in Drosophila melanogaster. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020904. [PMID: 33477509 PMCID: PMC7831090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating adult-onset neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of upper and lower motoneurons. Most ALS cases are sporadic but approximately 10% of ALS cases are due to inherited mutations in identified genes. ALS-causing mutations were identified in over 30 genes with superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72), fused in sarcoma (FUS), and TAR DNA-binding protein (TARDBP, encoding TDP-43) being the most frequent. In the last few decades, Drosophila melanogaster emerged as a versatile model for studying neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS. In this review, we describe the different Drosophila ALS models that have been successfully used to decipher the cellular and molecular pathways associated with SOD1, C9orf72, FUS, and TDP-43. The study of the known fruit fly orthologs of these ALS-related genes yielded significant insights into cellular mechanisms and physiological functions. Moreover, genetic screening in tissue-specific gain-of-function mutants that mimic ALS-associated phenotypes identified disease-modifying genes. Here, we propose a comprehensive review on the Drosophila research focused on four ALS-linked genes that has revealed novel pathogenic mechanisms and identified potential therapeutic targets for future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Layalle
- The Neuroscience Institute of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34091 Montpellier, France; (S.L.); (L.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Laetitia They
- The Neuroscience Institute of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34091 Montpellier, France; (S.L.); (L.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Sarah Ourghani
- The Neuroscience Institute of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34091 Montpellier, France; (S.L.); (L.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Cédric Raoul
- The Neuroscience Institute of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34091 Montpellier, France; (S.L.); (L.T.); (S.O.)
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence: (C.R.); (L.S.)
| | - Laurent Soustelle
- The Neuroscience Institute of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34091 Montpellier, France; (S.L.); (L.T.); (S.O.)
- Correspondence: (C.R.); (L.S.)
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27
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Montalbano M, McAllen S, Cascio FL, Sengupta U, Garcia S, Bhatt N, Ellsworth A, Heidelman EA, Johnson OD, Doskocil S, Kayed R. TDP-43 and Tau Oligomers in Alzheimer's Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Frontotemporal Dementia. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 146:105130. [PMID: 33065281 PMCID: PMC7703712 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteinaceous aggregates are major hallmarks of several neurodegenerative diseases. Aggregates of post-translationally modified transactive response (TAR)-DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in cytoplasmic inclusion bodies are characteristic features in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Recent studies have also reported TDP-43 aggregation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). TDP-43 is an RNA/DNA binding protein (RBP) mainly present in the nucleus. In addition to several RBPs, TDP-43 has also been reported in stress granules in FTD and ALS pathologies. Despite knowledge of cytoplasmic mislocalization of TDP-43, the cellular effects of TDP-43 aggregates and their cytotoxic mechanism(s) remain to be clarified. We hypothesize that TDP-43 forms oligomeric assemblies that associate with tau, another key protein involved in ALS and FTD. However, no prior studies have investigated the interactions between TDP-43 oligomers and tau. It is therefore important to thoroughly investigate the cross-seeding properties and cellular localization of both TDP-43 and tau oligomers in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we demonstrate the effect of tau on the cellular localization of TDP-43 in WT and P301L tau-inducible cell models (iHEK) and in WT HEK-293 cells treated exogenously with soluble human recombinant tau oligomers (Exo-rTauO). We observed cytoplasmic TDP-43 accumulation o in the presence of tau in these cell models. We also studied the occurrence of TDP-43 oligomers in AD, ALS, and FTD human brain tissue using novel antibodies generated against TDP-43 oligomers as well as generic TDP-43 antibodies. Finally, we examined the cross-seeding property of AD, ALS, and FTD brain-derived TDP-43 oligomers (BDT43Os) on tau aggregation using biochemical and biophysical assays. Our results allow us to speculate that TDP-43/tau interactions might play a role in AD, ALS, and FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Montalbano
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Salome McAllen
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Filippa Lo Cascio
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Urmi Sengupta
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Stephanie Garcia
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Nemil Bhatt
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Anna Ellsworth
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Eric A Heidelman
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, UTMB, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Omar D Johnson
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, UTMB, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Samantha Doskocil
- Neuroscience Summer Undergraduate Research Program, NSURP Program 2018, University of Texas Medical Branch, UTMB, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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28
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Otte CG, Fortuna TR, Mann JR, Gleixner AM, Ramesh N, Pyles NJ, Pandey UB, Donnelly CJ. Optogenetic TDP-43 nucleation induces persistent insoluble species and progressive motor dysfunction in vivo. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 146:105078. [PMID: 32927062 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
TDP-43 is a predominantly nuclear DNA/RNA binding protein that is often mislocalized into insoluble cytoplasmic inclusions in post-mortem patient tissue in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The underlying causes of TDP-43 proteinopathies remain unclear, but recent studies indicate the formation of these protein assemblies is driven by aberrant phase transitions of RNA deficient TDP-43. Technical limitations have prevented our ability to understand how TDP-43 proteinopathy relates to disease pathogenesis. Current animal models of TDP-43 proteinopathy often rely on overexpression of wild-type TDP-43 to non-physiological levels that may initiate neurotoxicity through nuclear gain of function mechanisms, or by the expression of disease-causing mutations found in only a fraction of ALS patients. New technologies allowing for light-responsive control of subcellular protein crowding provide a promising approach to drive intracellular protein aggregation, as we have previously demonstrated in vitro. Here we present a model for the optogenetic induction of TDP-43 proteinopathy in Drosophila that recapitulates key features of patient pathology, including detergent insoluble cytoplamsic inclusions and progressive motor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlton G Otte
- Physician Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States of America; LiveLikeLou Center for ALS Research, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, United States of America
| | - Tyler R Fortuna
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Jacob R Mann
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, United States of America; Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States of America; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, United States of America; Center for Protein Conformational Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, United States of America; LiveLikeLou Center for ALS Research, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, United States of America
| | - Amanda M Gleixner
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States of America; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, United States of America; Center for Protein Conformational Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, United States of America; LiveLikeLou Center for ALS Research, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, United States of America
| | - Nandini Ramesh
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Noah J Pyles
- Physician Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States of America; LiveLikeLou Center for ALS Research, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, United States of America
| | - Udai B Pandey
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, United States of America; Center for Protein Conformational Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Christopher J Donnelly
- Physician Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States of America; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, United States of America; Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States of America; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, United States of America; Center for Protein Conformational Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, United States of America; LiveLikeLou Center for ALS Research, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, United States of America.
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29
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Suk TR, Rousseaux MWC. The role of TDP-43 mislocalization in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Mol Neurodegener 2020; 15:45. [PMID: 32799899 PMCID: PMC7429473 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-020-00397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery as a primary component in cytoplasmic aggregates in post-mortem tissue of patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), TAR DNA Binding Protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) has remained a central focus to understand the disease. TDP-43 links both familial and sporadic forms of ALS as mutations are causative for disease and cytoplasmic aggregates are a hallmark of nearly all cases, regardless of TDP-43 mutational status. Research has focused on the formation and consequences of cytosolic protein aggregates as drivers of ALS pathology through both gain- and loss-of-function mechanisms. Not only does aggregation sequester the normal function of TDP-43, but these aggregates also actively block normal cellular processes inevitably leading to cellular demise in a short time span. Although there may be some benefit to therapeutically targeting TDP-43 aggregation, this step may be too late in disease development to have substantial therapeutic benefit. However, TDP-43 pathology appears to be tightly linked with its mislocalization from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, making it difficult to decouple the consequences of nuclear-to-cytoplasmic mislocalization from protein aggregation. Studies focusing on the effects of TDP-43 mislocalization have demonstrated both gain- and loss-of-function consequences including altered splicing regulation, over responsiveness to cellular stressors, increases in DNA damage, and transcriptome-wide changes. Additionally, mutations in TARDBP confer a baseline increase in cytoplasmic TDP-43 thus suggesting that small changes in the subcellular localization of TDP-43 could in fact drive early pathology. In this review, we bring forth the theme of protein mislocalization as a key mechanism underlying ALS, by highlighting the importance of maintaining subcellular proteostasis along with the gain- and loss-of-functional consequences when TDP-43 localization is dysregulated. Additional research, focusing on early events in TDP-43 pathogenesis (i.e. to the protein mislocalization stage) will provide insight into disease mechanisms, therapeutic targets, and novel biomarkers for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry R. Suk
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Maxime W. C. Rousseaux
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Eric Poulin Center for Neuromuscular Diseases, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Canada
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30
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Vaca G, Martinez-Gonzalez L, Fernandez A, Rojas-Prats E, Porras G, Cuevas EP, Gil C, Martinez A, Martin-Requero Á. Therapeutic potential of novel Cell Division Cycle Kinase 7 inhibitors on TDP-43-related pathogenesis such as Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). J Neurochem 2020; 156:379-390. [PMID: 32628315 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
TDP-43 has been identified as the major component of protein aggregates found in affected neurons in FTLD-TDP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. TDP-43 is hyperphosphorylated, ubiquitinated, and cleaved in the C-terminus. CDC-7 was reported to phosphorylate TDP-43. There are no effective treatments for either FTLD-TDP or ALS, being a pressing need for the search of new therapies. We hypothesized that modulating CDC-7 activity with small molecules that are able to interfere with TDP-43 phosphorylation could be a good therapeutic strategy for these diseases. Here, we have studied the effects of novel brain penetrant, thiopurine-based, CDC-7 inhibitors in TDP-43 homeostasis in immortalized lymphocytes from FTLD-TDP patients, carriers of a loss-of-function GRN mutation, as well as in cells derived from sporadic ALS patients. We found that selective CDC-7 inhibitors, ERP1.14a and ERP1.28a, are able to decrease the enhanced TDP-43 phosphorylation in cells derived from FTLD-TDP and ALS patients and to prevent cytosolic accumulation of TDP-43. Moreover, treatment of FTLD-TDP lymphoblasts with CDC-7 inhibitors leads to recovering the nuclear function of TDP-43-inducing CDK6 repression. We suggest that CDC-7 inhibitors, mainly the heterocyclic compounds here shown, may be considered as promising drug candidates for the ALS/FTD spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Vaca
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Loreto Martinez-Gonzalez
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Fernandez
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Rojas-Prats
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gracia Porras
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva P Cuevas
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Gil
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martinez
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángeles Martin-Requero
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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31
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Kim G, Bolbolan K, Shahidehpour R, Jamshidi P, Gefen T, Ayala IA, Weintraub S, Bigio EH, Mesulam MM, Geula C. Morphology and Distribution of TDP-43 Pre-inclusions in Primary Progressive Aphasia. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 78:229-237. [PMID: 30753613 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlz005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusely stained phosphorylated 43-kDa TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43)-positive "pre-inclusions" have been described. This experiment investigated morphological subtypes of pre-inclusions and their relationship with TDP-43 inclusions in primary progressive aphasia (PPA), a dementia characterized by gradual dissolution of language. Brain sections from 5 PPA participants with postmortem diagnoses of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology (FTLD-TDP) were immunohistochemically stained using an antibody to phosphorylated TDP-43 and quantitatively examined for regional and hemispheric distribution using unbiased stereology. Cortical TDP-43 pre-inclusions included smooth, granular/dot-like, or fibrillar staining with localization to the nucleus, cytoplasm, or both. Mature and pre-inclusions were quantified in a region with high and a region with low mature inclusion density, and contralateral homologs. Regions with lower mature inclusions were characterized by higher densities of pre-inclusions, while increasing burden of inclusions corresponded to lower densities of pre-inclusions (p < 0.05). Mature inclusions showed significant asymmetry that favored the language-dominant hemisphere (p < 0.01), while pre-inclusions displayed the opposite pattern (p < 0.01). Granular-type pre-inclusions were more abundant (p < 0.05) and drove the hemispheric and regional differences (p < 0.02). These results suggest that pre-inclusions are present in greater abundance prior to the formation of mature TDP-43 inclusions, and appear to develop through progressive stages into mature intracytoplasmic, or intranuclear aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garam Kim
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kabriya Bolbolan
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ryan Shahidehpour
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Pouya Jamshidi
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tamar Gefen
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ivan A Ayala
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sandra Weintraub
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Eileen H Bigio
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Marek-Marsel Mesulam
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Changiz Geula
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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32
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Tazelaar GHP, Boeynaems S, De Decker M, van Vugt JJFA, Kool L, Goedee HS, McLaughlin RL, Sproviero W, Iacoangeli A, Moisse M, Jacquemyn M, Daelemans D, Dekker AM, van der Spek RA, Westeneng HJ, Kenna KP, Assialioui A, Da Silva N, Povedano M, Pardina JSM, Hardiman O, Salachas F, Millecamps S, Vourc'h P, Corcia P, Couratier P, Morrison KE, Shaw PJ, Shaw CE, Pasterkamp RJ, Landers JE, Van Den Bosch L, Robberecht W, Al-Chalabi A, van den Berg LH, Van Damme P, Veldink JH, van Es MA. ATXN1 repeat expansions confer risk for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and contribute to TDP-43 mislocalization. Brain Commun 2020; 2:fcaa064. [PMID: 32954321 PMCID: PMC7425293 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcaa064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasingly, repeat expansions are being identified as part of the complex genetic architecture of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. To date, several repeat expansions have been genetically associated with the disease: intronic repeat expansions in C9orf72, polyglutamine expansions in ATXN2 and polyalanine expansions in NIPA1. Together with previously published data, the identification of an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient with a family history of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, caused by polyglutamine expansions in ATXN1, suggested a similar disease association for the repeat expansion in ATXN1. We, therefore, performed a large-scale international study in 11 700 individuals, in which we showed a significant association between intermediate ATXN1 repeat expansions and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (P = 3.33 × 10-7). Subsequent functional experiments have shown that ATXN1 reduces the nucleocytoplasmic ratio of TDP-43 and enhances amyotrophic lateral sclerosis phenotypes in Drosophila, further emphasizing the role of polyglutamine repeat expansions in the pathophysiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gijs H P Tazelaar
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center,
Utrecht, University of Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Steven Boeynaems
- Division of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU
Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium,Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Center for Brain & Disease
Research, Leuven 3000, Belgium,Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine,
Stanford, CA 94305-5120, USA
| | - Mathias De Decker
- Division of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU
Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium,Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Center for Brain & Disease
Research, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Joke J F A van Vugt
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center,
Utrecht, University of Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lindy Kool
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center,
Utrecht, University of Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H Stephan Goedee
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center,
Utrecht, University of Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Russell L McLaughlin
- Population Genetics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College
Dublin, Dublin D02 PN40, Republic of Ireland
| | - William Sproviero
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical
Neuroscience Institute and United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute, King’s College
London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry,
Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- Division of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU
Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium,Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Center for Brain & Disease
Research, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Maarten Jacquemyn
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Virology and
Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Daelemans
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Virology and
Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annelot M Dekker
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center,
Utrecht, University of Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rick A van der Spek
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center,
Utrecht, University of Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Westeneng
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center,
Utrecht, University of Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin P Kenna
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center,
Utrecht, University of Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Abdelilah Assialioui
- Servei de Neurologia, IDIBELL-Hospital de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de
Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Spain
| | - Nica Da Silva
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical
Neuroscience Institute and United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute, King’s College
London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | | | - Mónica Povedano
- Servei de Neurologia, IDIBELL-Hospital de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Spain
| | | | - Orla Hardiman
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin D02 PN40, Republic of Ireland.,Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin D02 PN40, Republic of Ireland
| | - François Salachas
- Centre de compétence SLA-Département de Neurologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris 75651, France.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, Paris 75651, France
| | - Stéphanie Millecamps
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, Paris 75651, France
| | - Patrick Vourc'h
- INSERM U930, Université François Rabelais, Tours 92120, France
| | - Philippe Corcia
- Centre de compétence SLA-fédération Tours-Limoges, Tours 92120, France
| | - Philippe Couratier
- Centre de compétence SLA-fédération Tours-Limoges, Limoges 87100, France
| | - Karen E Morrison
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute and United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK.,Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - R Jeroen Pasterkamp
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - John E Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Division of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Wim Robberecht
- Division of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven 3000, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute and United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK.,Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center, Utrecht, University of Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Division of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven 3000, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center, Utrecht, University of Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael A van Es
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center, Utrecht, University of Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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33
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Modifiers in Drosophila Reveal the Phospholipase D Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Target. Genetics 2020; 215:747-766. [PMID: 32345615 PMCID: PMC7337071 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder lacking effective treatments. ALS pathology is linked to mutations in several different genes indicating... Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder lacking effective treatments. ALS pathology is linked to mutations in >20 different genes indicating a complex underlying genetic architecture that is effectively unknown. Here, in an attempt to identify genes and pathways for potential therapeutic intervention and explore the genetic circuitry underlying Drosophila models of ALS, we carry out two independent genome-wide screens for modifiers of degenerative phenotypes associated with the expression of transgenic constructs carrying familial ALS-causing alleles of FUS (hFUSR521C) and TDP-43 (hTDP-43M337V). We uncover a complex array of genes affecting either or both of the two strains, and investigate their activities in additional ALS models. Our studies indicate the pathway that governs phospholipase D activity as a major modifier of ALS-related phenotypes, a notion supported by data we generated in mice and others collected in humans.
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34
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Hergesheimer RC, Chami AA, de Assis DR, Vourc'h P, Andres CR, Corcia P, Lanznaster D, Blasco H. The debated toxic role of aggregated TDP-43 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a resolution in sight? Brain 2020; 142:1176-1194. [PMID: 30938443 PMCID: PMC6487324 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transactive response DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) is an RNA/DNA binding protein that forms phosphorylated and ubiquitinated aggregates in the cytoplasm of motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which is a hallmark of this disease. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative condition affecting the upper and lower motor neurons. Even though the aggregative property of TDP-43 is considered a cornerstone of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, there has been major controversy regarding the functional link between TDP-43 aggregates and cell death. In this review, we attempt to reconcile the current literature surrounding this debate by discussing the results and limitations of the published data relating TDP-43 aggregates to cytotoxicity, as well as therapeutic perspectives of TDP-43 aggregate clearance. We point out key data suggesting that the formation of TDP-43 aggregates and the capacity to self-template and propagate among cells as a 'prion-like' protein, another pathological property of TDP-43 aggregates, are a significant cause of motor neuronal death. We discuss the disparities among the various studies, particularly with respect to the type of models and the different forms of TDP-43 used to evaluate cellular toxicity. We also examine how these disparities can interfere with the interpretation of the results pertaining to a direct toxic effect of TDP-43 aggregates. Furthermore, we present perspectives for improving models in order to better uncover the toxic role of aggregated TDP-43. Finally, we review the recent studies on the enhancement of the cellular clearance mechanisms of autophagy, the ubiquitin proteasome system, and endocytosis in an attempt to counteract TDP-43 aggregation-induced toxicity. Altogether, the data available so far encourage us to suggest that the cytoplasmic aggregation of TDP-43 is key for the neurodegeneration observed in motor neurons in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The corresponding findings provide novel avenues toward early therapeutic interventions and clinical outcomes for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna A Chami
- UMR 1253, iBRAIN, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours, France
| | | | - Patrick Vourc'h
- UMR 1253, iBRAIN, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours, France.,CHU de Tours, Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Tours, France
| | - Christian R Andres
- UMR 1253, iBRAIN, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours, France.,CHU de Tours, Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Corcia
- UMR 1253, iBRAIN, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours, France.,CHU de Tours, Service de Neurologie, Tours, France
| | | | - Hélène Blasco
- UMR 1253, iBRAIN, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours, France.,CHU de Tours, Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Tours, France
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35
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signalling Induces Casein Kinase 1-Dependent Formation of Cytosolic TDP-43 Inclusions in Motor Neuron-Like Cells. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:1354-1364. [PMID: 31280399 PMCID: PMC7260270 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02832-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Motor neuron disease (MND) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with no effective treatment. One of the principal pathological hallmarks is the deposition of TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in cytoplasmic inclusions. TDP-43 aggregation occurs in both familial and sporadic MND; however, the mechanism of endogenous TDP-43 aggregation in disease is incompletely understood. This study focused on the induction of cytoplasmic accumulation of endogenous TDP-43 in the motor neuronal cell line NSC-34. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stressor tunicamycin induced casein kinase 1 (CK1)-dependent cytoplasmic accumulation of endogenous TDP-43 in differentiated NSC-34 cells, as seen by immunocytochemistry. Immunoblotting showed that induction of ER stress had no effect on abundance of TDP-43 or phosphorylated TDP-43 in the NP-40/RIPA soluble fraction. However, there were significant increases in abundance of TDP-43 and phosphorylated TDP-43 in the NP-40/RIPA-insoluble, urea-soluble fraction, including high molecular weight species. In all cases, these increases were lowered by CK1 inhibition. Thus ER stress signalling, as induced by tunicamycin, causes CK1-dependent phosphorylation of TDP-43 and its consequent cytosolic accumulation.
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36
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Brown DG, Shorter J, Wobst HJ. Emerging small-molecule therapeutic approaches for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 30:126942. [PMID: 31926785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Novel treatments are desperately needed for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). In this review article, a survey of emerging small-molecule approaches for ALS and FTD therapies is provided. These approaches include targeting aberrant liquid-liquid phase separation and stress granule assembly, modulation of RNA-protein interactions, inhibition of TDP-43 phosphorylation, inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP), RNA-targeting approaches to reduce RAN translation of dipeptide repeat proteins from repeat expansions of C9ORF72, and novel autophagy activation pathways. This review details the emerging small-molecule tools and leads in these areas, along with a critical perspective on the key challenges facing these opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean G Brown
- Hit Discovery, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, United States.
| | - James Shorter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Heike J Wobst
- Neuroscience, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, United States.
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37
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Gu J, Hu W, Tan X, Qu S, Chu D, Gong CX, Iqbal K, Liu F. Elevation of casein kinase 1ε associated with TDP-43 and tau pathologies in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Pathol 2019; 30:283-297. [PMID: 31376192 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the presence of extracellular amyloid β plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated protein tau in the brain. Aggregation of transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) in the neuronal cytoplasm is another feature of AD. However, how TDP-43 is associated with AD pathogenesis is unknown. Here, we found that casein kinase 1ε (CK1ε) phosphorylated TDP-43 at Ser403/404 and Ser409/410. In AD brains, the level of CK1ε was dramatically increased and positively correlated with the phosphorylation of TDP-43 at Ser403/404 and Ser409/410. Overexpression of CK1ε promoted its cytoplasmic aggregation and suppressed TDP-43-promoted tau mRNA instability and tau exon 10 inclusion, leading to an increase of tau and 3R-tau expressions. Levels of CK1ε and TDP-43 phosphorylation were positively correlated with the levels of total tau and 3R-tau in human brains. Furthermore, we observed, in pilot immunohistochemical studies, that the severe tau pathology was accompanied by robust TDP-43 pathology and a high level of CK1ε. Taken together, our findings suggest that the elevation of CK1ε in AD brain may phosphorylate TDP-43, promote its cytoplasmic aggregation and suppress its function in tau mRNA processing, leading to acceleration/exacerbation of tau pathology. Thus, the elevation of CK1ε may link TDP-43 to tau pathogenesis in AD brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlan Gu
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wen Hu
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY
| | - Xuefeng Tan
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shuting Qu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dandan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Cheng-Xin Gong
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY
| | - Khalid Iqbal
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY
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38
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Gu J, Chu D, Jin N, Chen F, Liu F. Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Phosphorylates TDP-43 and Modulates Its Function in Tau mRNA Processing. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 70:1093-1102. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-190368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianlan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Dandan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nana Jin
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neurochemistry, Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
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39
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Solomon DA, Stepto A, Au WH, Adachi Y, Diaper DC, Hall R, Rekhi A, Boudi A, Tziortzouda P, Lee YB, Smith B, Bridi JC, Spinelli G, Dearlove J, Humphrey DM, Gallo JM, Troakes C, Fanto M, Soller M, Rogelj B, Parsons RB, Shaw CE, Hortobágyi T, Hirth F. A feedback loop between dipeptide-repeat protein, TDP-43 and karyopherin-α mediates C9orf72-related neurodegeneration. Brain 2019; 141:2908-2924. [PMID: 30239641 PMCID: PMC6158706 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation and aggregation of TDP-43 is a major pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. TDP-43 inclusions also characterize patients with GGGGCC (G4C2) hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9orf72 that causes the most common genetic form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (C9ALS/FTD). Functional studies in cell and animal models have identified pathogenic mechanisms including repeat-induced RNA toxicity and accumulation of G4C2-derived dipeptide-repeat proteins. The role of TDP-43 dysfunction in C9ALS/FTD, however, remains elusive. We found G4C2-derived dipeptide-repeat protein but not G4C2-RNA accumulation caused TDP-43 proteinopathy that triggered onset and progression of disease in Drosophila models of C9ALS/FTD. Timing and extent of TDP-43 dysfunction was dependent on levels and identity of dipeptide-repeat proteins produced, with poly-GR causing early and poly-GA/poly-GP causing late onset of disease. Accumulating cytosolic, but not insoluble aggregated TDP-43 caused karyopherin-α2/4 (KPNA2/4) pathology, increased levels of dipeptide-repeat proteins and enhanced G4C2-related toxicity. Comparable KPNA4 pathology was observed in both sporadic frontotemporal dementia and C9ALS/FTD patient brains characterized by its nuclear depletion and cytosolic accumulation, irrespective of TDP-43 or dipeptide-repeat protein aggregates. These findings identify a vicious feedback cycle for dipeptide-repeat protein-mediated TDP-43 and subsequent KPNA pathology, which becomes self-sufficient of the initiating trigger and causes C9-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Solomon
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Alan Stepto
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Wing Hei Au
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Yoshitsugu Adachi
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Danielle C Diaper
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Rachel Hall
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Anjeet Rekhi
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Adel Boudi
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Paraskevi Tziortzouda
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Youn-Bok Lee
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Bradley Smith
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Jessika C Bridi
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Greta Spinelli
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Jonah Dearlove
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Dickon M Humphrey
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Jean-Marc Gallo
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Claire Troakes
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Manolis Fanto
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Matthias Soller
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Boris Rogelj
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedical Research Institute BRIS and University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Richard B Parsons
- King's College London, School of Cancer Studies and Pharmaceutical Sciences, London, UK
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- MTA-DE Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Research Group, Departments of Neurology and Neuropathology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,King's College London, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Frank Hirth
- King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
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Taylor LM, McMillan PJ, Kraemer BC, Liachko NF. Tau tubulin kinases in proteinopathy. FEBS J 2019; 286:2434-2446. [PMID: 31034749 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A number of neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by deposition of abnormally phosphorylated tau or TDP-43 in disease-affected neurons. These diseases include Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. No disease-modifying therapeutics is available to treat these disorders, and we have a limited understanding of the cellular and molecular factors integral to disease initiation or progression. Phosphorylated tau and TDP-43 are important markers of pathology in dementia disorders and directly contribute to tau- and TDP-43-related neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. Here, we review the scope of tau and TDP-43 phosphorylation in neurodegenerative disease and discuss recent work demonstrating the kinases TTBK1 and TTBK2 phosphorylate both tau and TDP-43, promoting neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Taylor
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pamela J McMillan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brian C Kraemer
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicole F Liachko
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
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Prasad A, Bharathi V, Sivalingam V, Girdhar A, Patel BK. Molecular Mechanisms of TDP-43 Misfolding and Pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:25. [PMID: 30837838 PMCID: PMC6382748 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is a versatile RNA/DNA binding protein involved in RNA-related metabolism. Hyper-phosphorylated and ubiquitinated TDP-43 deposits act as inclusion bodies in the brain and spinal cord of patients with the motor neuron diseases: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). While the majority of ALS cases (90-95%) are sporadic (sALS), among familial ALS cases 5-10% involve the inheritance of mutations in the TARDBP gene and the remaining (90-95%) are due to mutations in other genes such as: C9ORF72, SOD1, FUS, and NEK1 etc. Strikingly however, the majority of sporadic ALS patients (up to 97%) also contain the TDP-43 protein deposited in the neuronal inclusions, which suggests of its pivotal role in the ALS pathology. Thus, unraveling the molecular mechanisms of the TDP-43 pathology seems central to the ALS therapeutics, hence, we comprehensively review the current understanding of the TDP-43's pathology in ALS. We discuss the roles of TDP-43's mutations, its cytoplasmic mis-localization and aberrant post-translational modifications in ALS. Also, we evaluate TDP-43's amyloid-like in vitro aggregation, its physiological vs. pathological oligomerization in vivo, liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), and potential prion-like propagation propensity of the TDP-43 inclusions. Finally, we describe the various evolving TDP-43-induced toxicity mechanisms, such as the impairment of endocytosis and mitotoxicity etc. and also discuss the emerging strategies toward TDP-43 disaggregation and ALS therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Basant K. Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, India
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Hofweber M, Dormann D. Friend or foe-Post-translational modifications as regulators of phase separation and RNP granule dynamics. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:7137-7150. [PMID: 30587571 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.tm118.001189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules are membrane-less organelles consisting of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and RNA. RNA granules form through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), whereby weak promiscuous interactions among RBPs and/or RNAs create a dense network of interacting macromolecules and drive the phase separation. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of RBPs have emerged as important regulators of LLPS and RNP granule dynamics, as they can directly weaken or enhance the multivalent interactions between phase-separating macromolecules or can recruit or exclude certain macromolecules into or from condensates. Here, we review recent insights into how PTMs regulate phase separation and RNP granule dynamics, in particular arginine (Arg)-methylation and phosphorylation. We discuss how these PTMs regulate the phase behavior of prototypical RBPs and how, as "friend or foe," they might influence the assembly, disassembly, or material properties of cellular RNP granules, such as stress granules or amyloid-like condensates. We particularly highlight how PTMs control the phase separation and aggregation behavior of disease-linked RBPs. We also review how disruptions of PTMs might be involved in aberrant phase transitions and the formation of amyloid-like protein aggregates as observed in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Hofweber
- From the BioMedical Center, Cell Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Grosshaderner Strasse 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried.,the Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Grosshaderner Strasse 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, and
| | - Dorothee Dormann
- From the BioMedical Center, Cell Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Grosshaderner Strasse 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, .,the Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Grosshaderner Strasse 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, and.,the Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
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43
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Lee YC, Huang WC, Lin JH, Kao TJ, Lin HC, Lee KH, Lin HC, Shen CKJ, Chang WC, Huang CC. Znf179 E3 ligase-mediated TDP-43 polyubiquitination is involved in TDP-43- ubiquitinated inclusions (UBI) (+)-related neurodegenerative pathology. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:76. [PMID: 30404641 PMCID: PMC6223059 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The brain predominantly expressed RING finger protein, Znf179, is known to be important for embryonic neuronal differentiation during brain development. Downregulation of Znf179 has been observed in motor neurons of adult mouse models for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), yet the molecular function of Znf179 in neurodegeneration has never been previously described. Znf179 contains the classical C3HC4 RING finger domain, and numerous proteins containing C3HC4 RING finger domain act as E3 ubiquitin ligases. Hence, we are interested to identify whether Znf179 possesses E3 ligase activity and its role in ALS neuropathy. Methods We used in vivo and in vitro ubiquitination assay to examine the E3 ligase autoubiquitination activity of Znf179 and its effect on 26S proteasome activity. To search for the candidate substrates of Znf179, we immunoprecipitated Znf179 and subjected to mass spectrometry (MS) analysis to identify its interacting proteins. We found that ALS/ FTLD-U (frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with ubiquitin inclusions)-related neurodegenerative TDP-43 protein is the E3 ligase substrate of Znf179. To further clarify the role of E3 ubiquitin ligase Znf179 in neurodegenerative TDP-43-UBI (ubiquitinated inclusions) (+) proteinopathy, the effect of Znf179-mediated TDP-43 polyubiquitination on TDP-43 protein stability, aggregate formation and nucleus/cytoplasm mislocalization were evaluated in vitro cell culture system and in vivo animal model. Results Here we report that Znf179 is a RING E3 ubiquitin ligase which possesses autoubiquitination feature and regulates 26S proteasome activity through modulating the protein expression levels of 19S/20S proteasome subunits. Our immunoprecipitation assay and MS analysis results revealed that the neuropathological TDP-43 protein is one of its E3 ligase substrate. Znf179 interactes with TDP-43 protein and mediates polyubiquitination of TDP-43 in vitro and in vivo. In neurodegenerative TDP-43 proteinopathy, we found that Znf179-mediated polyubiquitination of TDP-43 accelerates its protein turnover rate and attenuates insoluble pathologic TDP-43 aggregates, while knockout of Znf179 in mouse brain results in accumulation of insoluble TDP-43 and cytosolic TDP-43 inclusions in cortex, hippocampus and midbrain regions. Conclusions Here we unveil the important role for the novel E3 ligase Znf179 in TDP-43-mediated neuropathy, and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for combating ALS/ FTLD-U neurodegenerative pathologies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12929-018-0479-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chao Lee
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology/Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Huang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Her Lin
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology/Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology/Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Lin
- Institute and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Haur Lee
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | | | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology/Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
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Transcriptome-pathology correlation identifies interplay between TDP-43 and the expression of its kinase CK1E in sporadic ALS. Acta Neuropathol 2018; 136:405-423. [PMID: 29881994 PMCID: PMC6215775 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-018-1870-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) is the most common form of ALS, however, the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular damage and motor neuron degeneration remain elusive. To identify molecular signatures of sALS we performed genome-wide expression profiling in laser capture microdissection-enriched surviving motor neurons (MNs) from lumbar spinal cords of sALS patients with rostral onset and caudal progression. After correcting for immunological background, we discover a highly specific gene expression signature for sALS that is associated with phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43) pathology. Transcriptome–pathology correlation identified casein kinase 1ε (CSNK1E) mRNA as tightly correlated to levels of pTDP-43 in sALS patients. Enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation in human sALS patient- and healthy control-derived frontal cortex, revealed that TDP-43 binds directly to and regulates the expression of CSNK1E mRNA. Additionally, we were able to show that pTDP-43 itself binds RNA. CK1E, the protein product of CSNK1E, in turn interacts with TDP-43 and promotes cytoplasmic accumulation of pTDP-43 in human stem-cell-derived MNs. Pathological TDP-43 phosphorylation is therefore, reciprocally regulated by CK1E activity and TDP-43 RNA binding. Our framework of transcriptome–pathology correlations identifies candidate genes with relevance to novel mechanisms of neurodegeneration.
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Lee A, Rayner SL, De Luca A, Gwee SSL, Morsch M, Sundaramoorthy V, Shahheydari H, Ragagnin A, Shi B, Yang S, Williams KL, Don EK, Walker AK, Zhang KY, Yerbury JJ, Cole NJ, Atkin JD, Blair IP, Molloy MP, Chung RS. Casein kinase II phosphorylation of cyclin F at serine 621 regulates the Lys48-ubiquitylation E3 ligase activity of the SCF (cyclin F) complex. Open Biol 2018; 7:rsob.170058. [PMID: 29021214 PMCID: PMC5666078 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.170058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive weakness, paralysis and muscle loss often resulting in patient death within 3–5 years of diagnosis. Recently, we identified disease-linked mutations in the CCNF gene, which encodes the cyclin F protein, in cohorts of patients with familial and sporadic ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) (Williams KL et al. 2016 Nat. Commun.7, 11253. (doi:10.1038/ncomms11253)). Cyclin F is a part of a Skp1-Cul-F-box (SCF) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex and is responsible for ubiquitylating proteins for degradation by the proteasome. In this study, we investigated the phosphorylation status of cyclin F and the effect of the serine to glycine substitution at site 621 (S621G) on E3 ligase activity. This specific mutation (S621G) was found in a multi-generational Australian family with ALS/FTD. We identified seven phosphorylation sites on cyclin F, of which five are newly reported including Ser621. These phosphorylation sites were mostly identified within the PEST (proline, glutamic acid, serine and threonine) sequence located at the C-terminus of cyclin F. Additionally, we determined that casein kinase II (CK2) can phosphorylate Ser621 and thereby regulate the E3 ligase activity of the SCF(cyclin F) complex. Furthermore, the S621G mutation in cyclin F prevents phosphorylation by CK2 and confers elevated Lys48-ubiquitylation activity, a hallmark of ALS/FTD pathology. These findings highlight the importance of phosphorylation in regulating the activity of the SCF(cyclin F) E3 ligase complex that can affect downstream processes and may lead to defective motor neuron development, neuron degeneration and ultimately ALS and FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia .,Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Research Park Drive, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Stephanie L Rayner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Research Park Drive, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alana De Luca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Serene S L Gwee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Marco Morsch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Vinod Sundaramoorthy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Hamideh Shahheydari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Audrey Ragagnin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Bingyang Shi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Kelly L Williams
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Emily K Don
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Adam K Walker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Katharine Y Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Justin J Yerbury
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Cole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Julie D Atkin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian P Blair
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Mark P Molloy
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Research Park Drive, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Research Park Drive, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Roger S Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
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Li HR, Chiang WC, Chou PC, Wang WJ, Huang JR. TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) liquid-liquid phase separation is mediated by just a few aromatic residues. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:6090-6098. [PMID: 29511089 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ac117.001037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells contain distinct organelles, but not all of these compartments are enclosed by membranes. Some intrinsically disordered proteins mediate membraneless organelle formation through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). LLPS facilitates many biological functions such as regulating RNA stability and ribonucleoprotein assembly, and disruption of LLPS pathways has been implicated in several diseases. Proteins exhibiting LLPS typically have low sequence complexity and specific repeat motifs. These motifs promote multivalent connections with other molecules and the formation of higher-order oligomers, and their removal usually prevents LLPS. The intrinsically disordered C-terminal domain of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), a protein involved in motor neuron disease and dementia lacks a dominant LLPS motif, however, and how this domain forms condensates is unclear. Using extensive mutagenesis of TDP-43, we demonstrate here that three tryptophan residues and, to a lesser extent, four other aromatic residues are most important for TDP-43 to undergo LLPS. Our results also suggested that only a few residues may be required for TDP-43 LLPS because the α-helical segment (spanning ∼20 residues) in the middle part of the C-terminal domain tends to self-assemble, reducing the number of motifs required for forming a multivalent connection. Our results indicating that a self-associating α-helical element with a few key residues regulates condensate formation highlight a different type of LLPS involving intrinsically disordered regions. The C-terminal domain of TDP-43 contains ∼50 disease-related mutations, with no clear physicochemical link between them. We propose that they may disrupt LLPS indirectly by interfering with the key residues identified here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ru Li
- From the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - Wan-Chin Chiang
- From the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - Po-Chun Chou
- From the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - Won-Jing Wang
- From the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - Jie-Rong Huang
- From the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and .,the Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155 Section 2, Li-nong Street, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nuclear factor TDP-43 is a ubiquitously expressed RNA binding protein that plays a key causative role in several neurodegenerative diseases, especially in the ALS/FTD spectrum. In addition, its aberrant aggregation and expression has been recently observed in other type of diseases, such as myopathies and Niemann-Pick C, a lysosomal storage disease. Areas covered: This review aims to specifically cover the post-translational modifications (PTMs) that can affect TDP-43 function and cellular status both in health and disease. To this date, these include phosphorylation, formation of C-terminal fragments, disulfide bridge formation, ubiquitination, acetylation, and sumoylation. Recently published articles on these subjects have been reviewed in this manuscript. Expert opinion: Targeting aberrant TDP-43 expression in neurodegenerative diseases is a very challenging task due to the fact that both its overexpression and downregulation are considerably toxic to cells. This characteristic makes it difficult to therapeutically target this protein in a generalized manner. An alternative approach could be the identification of specific aberrant PTMs that promote its aggregation or toxicity, and developing novel therapeutic approaches toward their selective modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Buratti
- a Department of Molecular Pathology , International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , Trieste , Italy
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48
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Fujita K, Chen X, Homma H, Tagawa K, Amano M, Saito A, Imoto S, Akatsu H, Hashizume Y, Kaibuchi K, Miyano S, Okazawa H. Targeting Tyro3 ameliorates a model of PGRN-mutant FTLD-TDP via tau-mediated synaptic pathology. Nat Commun 2018; 9:433. [PMID: 29382817 PMCID: PMC5789822 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02821-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the progranulin (PGRN) gene cause a tau pathology-negative and TDP43 pathology-positive form of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP). We generated a knock-in mouse harboring the R504X mutation (PGRN-KI). Phosphoproteomic analysis of this model revealed activation of signaling pathways connecting PKC and MAPK to tau prior to TDP43 aggregation and cognitive impairments, and identified PKCα as the kinase responsible for the early-stage tau phosphorylation at Ser203. Disinhibition of Gas6 binding to Tyro3 due to PGRN reduction results in activation of PKCα via PLCγ, inducing tau phosphorylation at Ser203, mislocalization of tau to dendritic spines, and spine loss. Administration of a PKC inhibitor, B-Raf inhibitor, or knockdown of molecules in the Gas6-Tyro3-tau axis rescues spine loss and cognitive impairment of PGRN-KI mice. Collectively, these results suggest that targeting of early-stage and aggregation-independent tau signaling represents a promising therapeutic strategy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyota Fujita
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute and Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Xigui Chen
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute and Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hidenori Homma
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute and Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Tagawa
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute and Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Mutsuki Amano
- Department of Cell Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65, Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Ayumu Saito
- Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Seiya Imoto
- Health Intelligence Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Akatsu
- Department of Medicine for Aging in Place and Community-Based Medical Education, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hashizume
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Department of Cell Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65, Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okazawa
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute and Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
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49
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Gu J, Wang W, Miao S, Chen F, Wu F, Hu W, Iqbal K, Gong CX, Liu F. Protein Phosphatase 1 dephosphorylates TDP-43 and suppresses its function in tau exon 10 inclusion. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:402-410. [PMID: 29334120 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) regulates RNA processing, including alternative splicing of tau exon 10. Pathological TDP-43 is hyperphosphorylated. However, how do the protein phosphatase(s) (PP) regulate TDP-43 phosphorylation is unclear. Here, we found that both PP1 and PP2A were coimmunoprecipitated with TDP-43. Treatment with calyculin A, but not with okadaic acid, increased TDP-43 phosphorylation at Ser379, Ser403/404, and Ser409/410 in cultured cells. PP1α, PP1β, and PP1γ interacted with TDP-43. Overexpression of PP1α and PP1γ, but not PP1β, suppressed TDP-43 phosphorylation at Ser403/404 and Ser409/410 and TDP-43-induced tau exon 10 inclusion. These findings suggest that PP1α and PP1γ regulate TDP-43 phosphorylation and its function in tau exon 10 inclusion mainly through its phosphorylation at Ser403/404 and Ser409/410.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shichen Miao
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Wen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Khalid Iqbal
- Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Cheng-Xin Gong
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
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50
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Goh CW, Lee IC, Sundaram JR, George SE, Yusoff P, Brush MH, Sze NSK, Shenolikar S. Chronic oxidative stress promotes GADD34-mediated phosphorylation of the TAR DNA-binding protein TDP-43, a modification linked to neurodegeneration. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:163-176. [PMID: 29109149 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.814111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stresses are hallmarks of the pathophysiology of ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases. In these stresses, different kinases phosphorylate eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2α, enabling the translation of stress response genes; among these is GADD34, the protein product of which recruits the α-isoform of protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit (PP1α) and eIF2α to assemble a phosphatase complex catalyzing eIF2α dephosphorylation and resumption of protein synthesis. Aberrations in this pathway underlie the aforementioned disorders. Previous observations indicating that GADD34 is induced by arsenite, a thiol-directed oxidative stressor, in the absence of eIF2α phosphorylation suggest other roles for GADD34. Here, we report that arsenite-induced oxidative stress differs from thapsigargin- or tunicamycin-induced ER stress in promoting GADD34 transcription and the preferential translation of its mRNA in the absence of eIF2α phosphorylation. Arsenite also stabilized GADD34 protein, slowing its degradation. In response to oxidative stress, but not ER stress, GADD34 recruited TDP-43, and enhanced cytoplasmic distribution and cysteine modifications of TDP-43 promoted its binding to GADD34. Arsenite also recruited a TDP-43 kinase, casein kinase-1ϵ (CK1ϵ), to GADD34. Concomitant with TDP-43 aggregation and proteolysis after prolonged arsenite exposure, GADD34-bound CK1ϵ catalyzed TDP-43 phosphorylations at serines 409/410, which were diminished or absent in GADD34-/- cells. Our findings highlight that the phosphatase regulator, GADD34, also functions as a kinase scaffold in response to chronic oxidative stress and recruits CK1ϵ and oxidized TDP-43 to facilitate its phosphorylation, as seen in TDP-43 proteinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Wenhui Goh
- Signature Research Programs in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Irene Chengjie Lee
- Signature Research Programs in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Jeyapriya Rajameenakshi Sundaram
- Signature Research Programs in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Simi Elizabeth George
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Permeen Yusoff
- Signature Research Programs in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Matthew Hayden Brush
- Ontology Development group, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Newman Siu Kwan Sze
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Shirish Shenolikar
- Signature Research Programs in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
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