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Tarot P, Lasbleiz C, Liévens JC. NRF2 signaling cascade in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: bridging the gap between promise and reality. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1006-1012. [PMID: 37862202 PMCID: PMC10749620 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a very disabling disease due to the degeneration of motor neurons. Symptoms include muscle weakness and atrophy, spasticity, and progressive paralysis. Currently, there is no treatment to reverse damage to motor neurons and cure amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The only two treatments actually approved, riluzole and edaravone, have shown mitigated beneficial effects. The difficulty to find a cure lies in the complexity and multifaceted pattern of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathogenesis. Among mechanisms, abnormal RNA metabolism, nucleocytoplasmic transport defects, accumulation of unfolded protein, and mitochondrial dysfunction would in fine induce oxidative damage and vice versa. A potent therapeutic strategy will be to find molecules that break this vicious circle. Sharpening the nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 signaling may fulfill this objective since nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 has a multitarget profile controlling antioxidant defense, mitochondrial functioning, and inflammation. We here discuss the interest of developing nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2-based therapy in regard to the pathophysiological mechanisms and we provide a general overview of the attempted clinical assays in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Tarot
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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2
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Moreno-Jiménez L, Benito-Martín MS, Sanclemente-Alamán I, Matías-Guiu JA, Sancho-Bielsa F, Canales-Aguirre A, Mateos-Díaz JC, Matías-Guiu J, Aguilar J, Gómez-Pinedo U. Murine experimental models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an update. Neurologia 2024; 39:282-291. [PMID: 37116688 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease whose aetiology is unknown. It is characterised by upper and lower motor neuron degeneration. Approximately 90% of cases of ALS are sporadic, whereas the other 10% are familial. Regardless of whether the case is familial o sporadic, patients will develop progressive weakness, muscle atrophy with spasticity, and muscle contractures. Life expectancy of these patients is generally 2 to 5 years after diagnosis. DEVELOPMENT In vivo models have helped to clarify the aetiology and pathogenesis of ALS, as well as the mechanisms of the disease. However, as these mechanisms are not yet fully understood, experimental models are essential to the continued study of the pathogenesis of ALS, as well as in the search for possible therapeutic targets. Although 90% of cases are sporadic, most of the models used to study ALS pathogenesis are based on genetic mutations associated with the familial form of the disease; the pathogenesis of sporadic ALS remains unknown. Therefore, it would be critical to establish models based on the sporadic form. CONCLUSIONS This article reviews the main genetic and sporadic experimental models used in the study of this disease, focusing on those that have been developed using rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Moreno-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M S Benito-Martín
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Sanclemente-Alamán
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Matías-Guiu
- Departamento de Neurología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Sancho-Bielsa
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina de Ciudad Real, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - J C Mateos-Díaz
- Departamento de Biotecnología Industrial, CIATEJ-CONACyT, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - J Matías-Guiu
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Neurología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Experimental y Circuitos Neuronales del Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Toledo, Spain
| | - U Gómez-Pinedo
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Sun X, Li W, Li G, Yang H, Jiang Z, Shen L, Shen Y, Liu Y, Wang G. A novel long non-coding RNA LINC00524 facilitates invasion and metastasis through interaction with TDP43 in breast cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18275. [PMID: 38568058 PMCID: PMC10989564 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains a significant health concern worldwide, with metastasis being a primary contributor to patient mortality. While advances in understanding the disease's progression continue, the underlying mechanisms, particularly the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are not fully deciphered. In this study, we examined the influence of the lncRNA LINC00524 on BC invasion and metastasis. Through meticulous analyses of TCGA and GEO data sets, we observed a conspicuous elevation of LINC00524 expression in BC tissues. This increased expression correlated strongly with a poorer prognosis for BC patients. A detailed Gene Ontology analysis suggested that LINC00524 likely exerts its effects through RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) mechanisms. Experimentally, LINC00524 was demonstrated to amplify BC cell migration, invasion and proliferation in vitro. Additionally, in vivo tests showed its potent role in promoting BC cell growth and metastasis. A pivotal discovery was LINC00524's interaction with TDP43, which leads to the stabilization of TDP43 protein expression, an element associated with unfavourable BC outcomes. In essence, our comprehensive study illuminates how LINC00524 accelerates BC invasion and metastasis by binding to TDP43, presenting potential avenues for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Sun
- Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Wenfeng Li
- Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Zhenglin Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Lihua Shen
- Department of PathologyAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | | | - Yifei Liu
- Department of PathologyAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Guohua Wang
- Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
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4
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Sini P, Galleri G, Ciampelli C, Galioto M, Padedda BM, Lugliè A, Iaccarino C, Crosio C. Evaluation of cyanotoxin L-BMAA effect on α-synuclein and TDP43 proteinopathy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1360068. [PMID: 38596666 PMCID: PMC11002123 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1360068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors is considered the cause of neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Among the environmental factors, toxins produced by cyanobacteria have received much attention due to the significant increase in cyanobacteria growth worldwide. In particular, L-BMAA toxin, produced by diverse taxa of cyanobacteria, dinoflagellates and diatoms, has been extensively correlated to neurodegeneration. The molecular mechanism of L-BMAA neurotoxicity is still cryptic and far from being understood. In this research article, we have investigated the molecular pathways altered by L-BMAA exposure in cell systems, highlighting a significant increase in specific stress pathways and an impairment in autophagic processes. Interestingly, these changes lead to the accumulation of both α-synuclein and TDP43, which are correlated with PD and ALS proteinopathy, respectively. Finally, we were able to demonstrate specific alterations of TDP43 WT or pathological mutants with respect to protein accumulation, aggregation and cytoplasmic translocation, some of the typical features of both sporadic and familial ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Sini
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Grazia Galleri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Cristina Ciampelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Manuela Galioto
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Bachisio Mario Padedda
- Laboratory of Ecology, Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonella Lugliè
- Laboratory of Ecology, Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ciro Iaccarino
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Claudia Crosio
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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5
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Markovinovic A, Martín-Guerrero SM, Mórotz GM, Salam S, Gomez-Suaga P, Paillusson S, Greig J, Lee Y, Mitchell JC, Noble W, Miller CCJ. Stimulating VAPB-PTPIP51 ER-mitochondria tethering corrects FTD/ALS mutant TDP43 linked Ca 2+ and synaptic defects. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:32. [PMID: 38395965 PMCID: PMC10885568 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01742-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are clinically linked major neurodegenerative diseases. Notably, TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP43) accumulations are hallmark pathologies of FTD/ALS and mutations in the gene encoding TDP43 cause familial FTD/ALS. There are no cures for FTD/ALS. FTD/ALS display damage to a broad range of physiological functions, many of which are regulated by signaling between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. This signaling is mediated by the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethering proteins that serve to recruit regions of ER to the mitochondrial surface so as to facilitate inter-organelle communications. Several studies have now shown that disrupted ER-mitochondria signaling including breaking of the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers are features of FTD/ALS and that for TDP43 and other familial genetic FTD/ALS insults, this involves activation of glycogen kinase-3β (GSK3β). Such findings have prompted suggestions that correcting damage to ER-mitochondria signaling and the VAPB-PTPIP51 interaction may be broadly therapeutic. Here we provide evidence to support this notion. We show that overexpression of VAPB or PTPIP51 to enhance ER-mitochondria signaling corrects mutant TDP43 induced damage to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor delivery of Ca2+ to mitochondria which is a primary function of the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers, and to synaptic function. Moreover, we show that ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), an FDA approved drug linked to FTD/ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases therapy and whose precise therapeutic target is unclear, corrects TDP43 linked damage to the VAPB-PTPIP51 interaction. We also show that this effect involves inhibition of TDP43 mediated activation of GSK3β. Thus, correcting damage to the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers may have therapeutic value for FTD/ALS and other age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Markovinovic
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK.
| | - Sandra M Martín-Guerrero
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Gábor M Mórotz
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Shaakir Salam
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Patricia Gomez-Suaga
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Sebastien Paillusson
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Jenny Greig
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Younbok Lee
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Jacqueline C Mitchell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Wendy Noble
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Christopher C J Miller
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK.
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6
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Ovsepian SV, O'Leary VB, Martinez S. Selective vulnerability of motor neuron types and functional groups to degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: review of the neurobiological mechanisms and functional correlates. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:1-14. [PMID: 37999738 PMCID: PMC10827929 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02728-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative condition characterised by a progressive loss of motor neurons controlling voluntary muscle activity. The disease manifests through a variety of motor dysfunctions related to the extent of damage and loss of neurons at different anatomical locations. Despite extensive research, it remains unclear why some motor neurons are especially susceptible to the disease, while others are affected less or even spared. In this article, we review the neurobiological mechanisms, neurochemical profiles, and morpho-functional characteristics of various motor neuron groups and types of motor units implicated in their differential exposure to degeneration. We discuss specific cell-autonomous (intrinsic) and extrinsic factors influencing the vulnerability gradient of motor units and motor neuron types to ALS, with their impact on disease manifestation, course, and prognosis, as revealed in preclinical and clinical studies. We consider the outstanding challenges and emerging opportunities for interpreting the phenotypic and mechanistic variability of the disease to identify targets for clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saak V Ovsepian
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich London, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK.
| | - Valerie B O'Leary
- Department of Medical Genetics, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 10000, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Salvador Martinez
- Instituto de Neurociencias UMH-CSIC, Avda. Ramon y Cajal, 03550, San Juan de Alicante, Spain.
- Center of Biomedical Network Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Candelise N, Caissutti D, Zenuni H, Nesci V, Scaricamazza S, Salvatori I, Spinello Z, Mattei V, Garofalo T, Ferri A, Valle C, Misasi R. Different Chronic Stress Paradigms Converge on Endogenous TDP43 Cleavage and Aggregation. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6346-6361. [PMID: 37450246 PMCID: PMC10533643 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03455-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The TAR-DNA binding protein (TDP43) is a nuclear protein whose cytoplasmic inclusions are hallmarks of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Acute stress in cells causes TDP43 mobilization to the cytoplasm and its aggregation through different routes. Although acute stress elicits a strong phenotype, is far from recapitulating the years-long aggregation process. We applied different chronic stress protocols and described TDP43 aggregation in a human neuroblastoma cell line by combining solubility assays, thioflavin-based microscopy and flow cytometry. This approach allowed us to detect, for the first time to our knowledge in vitro, the formation of 25 kDa C-terminal fragment of TDP43, a pathogenic hallmark of ALS. Our results indicate that chronic stress, compared to the more common acute stress paradigm, better recapitulates the cell biology of TDP43 proteinopathies. Moreover, we optimized a protocol for the detection of bona fide prions in living cells, suggesting that TDP43 may form amyloids as a stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Candelise
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Caissutti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Henri Zenuni
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata" University of Rome, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Nesci
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata" University of Rome, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Illari Salvatori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Zaira Spinello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mattei
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, 02100, Rieti, Italy
| | - Tina Garofalo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Ferri
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana Valle
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy.
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberta Misasi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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8
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Marino R, Buccarello L, Hassanzadeh K, Akhtari K, Palaniappan S, Corbo M, Feligioni M. A novel cell-permeable peptide prevents protein SUMOylation and supports the mislocalization and aggregation of TDP-43. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 188:106342. [PMID: 37918759 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMOylation is a post-translational modification (PTM) that exerts a regulatory role in different cellular processes, including protein localization, aggregation, and biological activities. It consists of the dynamic formation of covalent isopeptide bonds between a family member of the Small Ubiquitin Like Modifiers (SUMOs) and the target proteins. Interestingly, it is a cellular mechanism implicated in several neurodegenerative pathologies and potentially it could become a new therapeutic target; however, there are very few pharmacological tools to modulate the SUMOylation process. In this study, we have designed and tested the activity of a novel small cell-permeable peptide, COV-1, in a neuroblastoma cell line that specifically prevents protein SUMOylation. COV-1 inhibits UBC9-protein target interaction and efficiently decreases global SUMO-1ylation. Moreover, it can perturb RanGAP-1 perinuclear localization by inducing the downregulation of UBC9. In parallel, we found that COV-1 causes an increase in the ubiquitin degradation system up to its engulfment while enhancing the autophagic flux. Surprisingly, COV-1 modifies protein aggregation, and specifically it mislocalizes TDP-43 within cells, inducing its aggregation and co-localization with SUMO-1. These data suggest that COV-1 could be taken into future consideration as an interesting pharmacological tool to study the cellular cascade effects of SUMOylation prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Marino
- EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome 00161, Italy
| | | | - K Hassanzadeh
- EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - K Akhtari
- Department of Physics, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 871, Iran
| | - S Palaniappan
- EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - M Corbo
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura Igea, Milan 20144, Italy
| | - M Feligioni
- EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome 00161, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura Igea, Milan 20144, Italy..
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9
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Phansalkar R, Goodwill VS, Nirschl JJ, De Lillo C, Choi J, Spurlock E, Coughlin DG, Pizzo D, Sigurdson CJ, Hiniker A, Alvarez VE, Mckee AC, Lin JH. TDP43 pathology in chronic traumatic encephalopathy retinas. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:152. [PMID: 37737191 PMCID: PMC10515050 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01650-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with repetitive head trauma. Brain pathology in CTE is characterized by neuronal loss, gliosis, and a distinctive pattern of neuronal accumulation of hyper-phosphorylated tau (p-tau) and phospho-TDP43 (p-TDP43). Visual anomalies have been reported by patients with CTE, but the ocular pathology underlying these symptoms is unknown. We evaluated retinal pathology in post-mortem eyes collected from 8 contact sport athletes with brain autopsy-confirmed stage IV CTE and compared their findings to retinas from 8 control patients without CTE and with no known history of head injury. Pupil-optic nerve cross sections were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), p-tau, p-TDP43, and total TDP43 by immunohistochemistry. No significant retinal degeneration was observed in CTE eyes compared to control eyes by H&E. Strong cytoplasmic p-TDP43 and total TDP43 staining was found in 6/8 CTE eyes in a subset of inner nuclear layer interneurons (INL) of the retina, while only 1/8 control eyes showed similar p-TDP43 pathology. The morphology and location of these inner nuclear layer interneurons were most compatible with retinal horizontal cells, although other retinal cell types present in INL could not be ruled out. No p-tau pathology was observed in CTE or control retinas. These findings identify novel retinal TDP43 pathology in CTE retinas and support further investigation into the role of p-TDP43 in producing visual deficits in patients with CTE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa S Goodwill
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Nirschl
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Jihee Choi
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth Spurlock
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David G Coughlin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Donald Pizzo
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Annie Hiniker
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Victor E Alvarez
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ann C Mckee
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan H Lin
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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10
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Brunette S, Sharma A, Bell R, Puente L, Megeney LA. Caspase 3 exhibits a yeast metacaspase proteostasis function that protects mitochondria from toxic TDP43 aggregates. Microb Cell 2023; 10:157-169. [PMID: 37545643 PMCID: PMC10399456 DOI: 10.15698/mic2023.08.801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Caspase 3 activation is a hallmark of cell death and there is a strong correlation between elevated protease activity and evolving pathology in neurodegenerative disease, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). At the cellular level, ALS is characterized by protein aggregates and inclusions, comprising the RNA binding protein TDP-43, which are hypothesized to trigger pathogenic activation of caspase 3. However, a growing body of evidence indicates this protease is essential for ensuring cell viability during growth, differentiation and adaptation to stress. Here, we explored whether caspase 3 acts to disperse toxic protein aggregates, a proteostasis activity first ascribed to the distantly related yeast metacaspase ScMCA1. We demonstrate that human caspase 3 can functionally substitute for the ScMCA1 and limit protein aggregation in yeast, including TDP-43 inclusions. Proteomic analysis revealed that disrupting caspase 3 in the same yeast substitution model resulted in detrimental TDP-43/mitochondrial protein associations. Similarly, suppression of caspase 3, in either murine or human skeletal muscle cells, led to accumulation of TDP-43 aggregates and impaired mitochondrial function. These results suggest that caspase 3 is not inherently pathogenic, but may act as a compensatory proteostasis factor, to limit TDP-43 protein inclusions and protect organelle function in aggregation related degenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Brunette
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Anupam Sharma
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan Bell
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Lawrence Puente
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Lynn A Megeney
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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11
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Singh M, Panda SP. The Role of monosodium glutamate (MSG) in Epilepsy and other Neurodegenerative Diseases: Phytochemical-based Therapeutic Approaches and Mechanisms. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2023; 24:CPB-EPUB-133176. [PMID: 37496245 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230726161314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disease affecting 50 million individuals worldwide, and some forms of epilepsy do not respond to available treatments. Overactivation of the glutamate pathway and excessive entrance of calcium ions into neurons are proposed as the biochemical mechanisms behind epileptic seizures. However, the overactivation of neurons has also been associated with other neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and multiple sclerosis. The most widely used food ingredient, monosodium glutamate (MSG), increases the level of free glutamate in the brain, putting humans at risk for NDDs and epilepsy. Glutamate is a key neurotransmitter that activates nerve cells. MSG acts on glutamate receptors, specifically NMDA and AMPA receptors, leading to an imbalance between excitatory glutamate and inhibitory GABA neurotransmission. This imbalance can cause hyperexcitability of neurons and lead to epileptic seizures. Overuse of MSG causes neuronal cells to become overexcited, which in turn leads to an increase in the flow of Ca2+ and Na+ ions, mutations, and upregulation in the enzymes superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1) and TDP43, all of which contribute to the development of NDDs. While TDP43 and SOD-1 protect cells from damage, a mutation in their genes makes the proteins unprotective and cause neurodegeneration. Yet to what extent mutant SOD1 and TDP43 aggregates contribute to neurotoxicity is generally unknown. This study is focused on neuroprotective herbal medications that can pass the blood-brain barrier and cure MSG-induced NDDs and the factors that influence MSG-induced glutaminergic, astrocyte, and GABAergic neuron abnormalities causing neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Singh
- Institute of pharmaceutical research, GLA University, Mathura, U.P, INDIA, 281406
| | - Siva Prasad Panda
- Institute of pharmaceutical research, GLA University, Mathura, U.P, INDIA, 281406
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12
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Bridel C, van Gils JHM, Miedema SSM, Hoozemans JJM, Pijnenburg YAL, Smit AB, Rozemuller AJM, Abeln S, Teunissen CE. Clusters of co-abundant proteins in the brain cortex associated with fronto-temporal lobar degeneration. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:59. [PMID: 36949537 PMCID: PMC10035199 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is characterized pathologically by neuronal and glial inclusions of hyperphosphorylated tau or by neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions of TDP43. This study aimed at deciphering the molecular mechanisms leading to these distinct pathological subtypes. METHODS To this end, we performed an unbiased mass spectrometry-based proteomic and systems-level analysis of the middle frontal gyrus cortices of FTLD-tau (n = 6), FTLD-TDP (n = 15), and control patients (n = 5). We validated these results in an independent patient cohort (total n = 24). RESULTS The middle frontal gyrus cortex proteome was most significantly altered in FTLD-tau compared to controls (294 differentially expressed proteins at FDR = 0.05). The proteomic modifications in FTLD-TDP were more heterogeneous (49 differentially expressed proteins at FDR = 0.1). Weighted co-expression network analysis revealed 17 modules of co-regulated proteins, 13 of which were dysregulated in FTLD-tau. These modules included proteins associated with oxidative phosphorylation, scavenger mechanisms, chromatin regulation, and clathrin-mediated transport in both the frontal and temporal cortex of FTLD-tau. The most strongly dysregulated subnetworks identified cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) and polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) as key players in the disease process. Dysregulation of 9 of these modules was confirmed in independent validation data sets of FLTD-tau and control temporal and frontal cortex (total n = 24). Dysregulated modules were primarily associated with changes in astrocyte and endothelial cell protein abundance levels, indicating pathological changes in FTD are not limited to neurons. CONCLUSIONS Using this innovative workflow and zooming in on the most strongly dysregulated proteins of the identified modules, we were able to identify disease-associated mechanisms in FTLD-tau with high potential as biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Bridel
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Juami H. M. van Gils
- Department of Computer Science, Bioinformatics group, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne S. M. Miedema
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J. M. Hoozemans
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yolande A. L. Pijnenburg
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - August B. Smit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sanne Abeln
- Department of Computer Science, Bioinformatics group, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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Honda H, Yoshimura M, Arahata H, Yagita K, Sadashima S, Hamasaki H, Shijo M, Koyama S, Noguchi H, Sasagasako N. Mutated FUS in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis involves multiple hnRNPs in the formation of neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2023; 82:231-241. [PMID: 36592411 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlac124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fused in sarcoma (FUS), coded by FUS, is a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP). FUS mutations are among the major mutations in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS-FUS: ALS6). The pathological hallmarks of ALS-FUS are FUS-positive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCI). We examined various hnRNPs in FUS NCIs in the hippocampus in ALS-FUS cases with different FUS mutations (Case 1, H517P; Case 2, R521C). We also examined TDP43-positive NCIs in sporadic ALS hippocampi. Immunohistochemistry was performed using primary antibodies against FUS, p-TDP43, TDP43, hnRNPA1, hnRNPD, PCBP1, PCBP2, and p62. Numerous FUS inclusions were found in the hippocampal granule and pyramidal cell layers. Double immunofluorescence revealed colocalization of FUS and p-TDP43, and FUS and PCBP2 (p-TDP43/FUS: 64.3%, PCBP2/FUS: 23.9%). Colocalization of FUS and PCBP1, however, was rare (PCBP1/FUS: 7.6%). In the hippocampi of patients with sporadic ALS, no colocalization was observed between TDP43-positive inclusions and other hnRNPs. This is the first study to show that FUS inclusions colocalize with other hnRNPs, such as TDP43, PCBP2, and PCBP1. These findings suggest that in ALS-FUS, FUS inclusions are the initiators, followed by alterations of multiple other hnRNPs, resulting in impaired RNA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Honda
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motoi Yoshimura
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hajime Arahata
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neurology, Neuro Muscular Center, National Omuta Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kaoru Yagita
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shoko Sadashima
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideomi Hamasaki
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shijo
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sachiko Koyama
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideko Noguchi
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naokazu Sasagasako
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neurology, Neuro Muscular Center, National Omuta Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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14
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Harrell TL, Davido DJ, Bertke AS. Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) Infected Cell Protein 0 (ICP0) Targets of Ubiquitination during Productive Infection of Primary Adult Sensory Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2931. [PMID: 36769256 PMCID: PMC9917815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) enters sensory neurons with the potential for productive or latent infection. For either outcome, HSV-1 must curtail the intrinsic immune response, regulate viral gene expression, and remove host proteins that could restrict viral processes. Infected cell protein 0 (ICP0), a virus-encoded E3 ubiquitin ligase, supports these processes by mediating the transfer of ubiquitin to target proteins to change their location, alter their function, or induce their degradation. To identify ubiquitination targets of ICP0 during productive infection in sensory neurons, we immunoprecipitated ubiquitinated proteins from primary adult sensory neurons infected with HSV-1 KOS (wild-type), HSV-1 n212 (expressing truncated, defective ICP0), and uninfected controls using anti-ubiquitin antibody FK2 (recognizing K29, K48, K63 and monoubiquitinated proteins), followed by LC-MS/MS and comparative analyses. We identified 40 unique proteins ubiquitinated by ICP0 and 17 ubiquitinated by both ICP0 and host mechanisms, of which High Mobility Group Protein I/Y (HMG I/Y) and TAR DNA Binding Protein 43 (TDP43) were selected for further analysis. We show that ICP0 ubiquitinates HMG I/Y and TDP43, altering protein expression at specific time points during productive HSV-1 infection, demonstrating that ICP0 manipulates the sensory neuronal environment in a time-dependent manner to regulate infection outcome in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telvin L. Harrell
- Biomedical and Veterinary Science, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - David J. Davido
- Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Andrea S. Bertke
- Population Health Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
- Center for Emerging Zoonotic and Arthropod-Borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
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15
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McMillan M, Gomez N, Hsieh C, Bekier M, Li X, Miguez R, Tank EMH, Barmada SJ. RNA methylation influences TDP43 binding and disease pathogenesis in models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Mol Cell 2023; 83:219-236.e7. [PMID: 36634675 PMCID: PMC9899051 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
RNA methylation at adenosine N6 (m6A) is one of the most common RNA modifications, impacting RNA stability, transport, and translation. Previous studies uncovered RNA destabilization in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) models in association with accumulation of the RNA-binding protein TDP43. Here, we show that TDP43 recognizes m6A RNA and that RNA methylation is critical for both TDP43 binding and autoregulation. We also observed extensive RNA hypermethylation in ALS spinal cord, corresponding to methylated TDP43 substrates. Emphasizing the importance of m6A for TDP43 binding and function, we identified several m6A factors that enhance or suppress TDP43-mediated toxicity via single-cell CRISPR-Cas9 in primary neurons. The most promising modifier-the canonical m6A reader YTHDF2-accumulated within ALS spinal neurons, and its knockdown prolonged the survival of human neurons carrying ALS-associated mutations. Collectively, these data show that m6A modifications modulate RNA binding by TDP43 and that m6A is pivotal for TDP43-related neurodegeneration in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael McMillan
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nicolas Gomez
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Caroline Hsieh
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael Bekier
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xingli Li
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Roberto Miguez
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Elizabeth M H Tank
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sami J Barmada
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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16
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Libard S, Giedraitis V, Kilander L, Ingelsson M, Alafuzoff I. Mixed Pathologies in a Subject with a Novel PSEN1 G206R Mutation. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 90:1601-1614. [PMID: 36314207 PMCID: PMC9789486 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are more than 300 presenilin-1 (PSEN1) mutations identified but a thorough postmortem neuropathological assessment of the mutation carriers is seldom performed. OBJECTIVE To assess neuropathological changes (NC) in a 73-year-old subject with the novel PSEN1 G206R mutation suffering from cognitive decline in over 20 years. To compare these findings with an age- and gender-matched subject with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). METHODS The brains were assessed macro- and microscopically and the proteinopathies were staged according to current recommendations. RESULTS The AD neuropathological change (ADNC) was more extensive in the mutation carrier, although both individuals reached a high level of ADNC. The transactive DNA binding protein 43 pathology was at the end-stage in the index subject, a finding not previously described in familial AD. This pathology was moderate in the sAD subject. The PSEN1 G206R subject displayed full-blown alpha-synuclein pathology, while this proteinopathy was absent in the sAD case. Additionally, the mutation carrier displayed pronounced neuroinflammation, not previously described in association with PSEN1 mutations. CONCLUSION Our findings are exceptional, as the PSEN1 G206R subject displayed an end-stage pathology of every common proteinopathy. It is unclear whether the observed alterations are caused by the mutation or are related to a cross-seeding mechanisms. The pronounced neuroinflammation in the index patient can be reactive to the extensive NC or a contributing factor to the proteinopathies. Thorough postmortem neuropathological and genetic assessment of subjects with familial AD is warranted, for further understanding of a dementing illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Libard
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden,Department of Surgical Pathology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Kilander
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden,Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Medicine and Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Irina Alafuzoff
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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17
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Vardarajan BN, Reyes‐Dumeyer D, Piriz AL, Lantigua RA, Medrano M, Rivera D, Jiménez‐Velázquez IZ, Martin E, Pericak‐Vance MA, Bush W, Farrer L, Haines JL, Wang L, Leung YY, Schellenberg G, Kukull W, De Jager P, Bennett DA, Schneider JA, Mayeux R. Progranulin mutations in clinical and neuropathological Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:2458-2467. [PMID: 35258170 PMCID: PMC9360185 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Progranulin (GRN) mutations occur in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and in Alzheimer's disease (AD), often with TDP-43 pathology. METHODS We determined the frequency of rs5848 and rare, pathogenic GRN mutations in two autopsy and one family cohort. We compared Braak stage, β-amyloid load, hyperphosphorylated tau (PHFtau) tangle density and TDP-43 pathology in GRN carriers and non-carriers. RESULTS Pathogenic GRN mutations were more frequent in all cohorts compared to the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), but there was no evidence for association with AD. Pathogenic GRN carriers had significantly higher PHFtau tangle density adjusting for age, sex and APOE ε4 genotype. AD patients with rs5848 had higher frequencies of hippocampal sclerosis and TDP-43 deposits. Twenty-two rare, pathogenic GRN variants were observed in the family cohort. DISCUSSION GRN mutations in clinical and neuropathological AD increase the burden of tau-related brain pathology but show no specific association with β-amyloid load or AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badri N. Vardarajan
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky CenterCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of NeurologyCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia University and the New York Presbyterian HospitalNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Dolly Reyes‐Dumeyer
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky CenterCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of NeurologyCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia University and the New York Presbyterian HospitalNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Angel L. Piriz
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky CenterCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Rafael A. Lantigua
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of MedicineCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia University, and the New York Presbyterian HospitalNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Martin Medrano
- School of MedicinePontificia Universidad Catolica Madre y Maestra (PUCMM)SantiagoDominican Republic
| | - Diones Rivera
- Department of NeurologyCEDIMAT, Plaza de la SaludSanto DomingoDominican Republic
- School of MedicineUniversidad Pedro Henriquez Urena (UNPHU)Santo DomingoDominican Republic
| | | | - Eden Martin
- The John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomicsand Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human GeneticsMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Margaret A. Pericak‐Vance
- The John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomicsand Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human GeneticsMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - William Bush
- Department of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Lindsay Farrer
- Boston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jonathan L. Haines
- Department of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Li‐San Wang
- School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Yuk Yee Leung
- School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | | | - Walter Kukull
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Philip De Jager
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of NeurologyCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia University and the New York Presbyterian HospitalNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease CenterRush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Julie A. Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease CenterRush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky CenterCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of NeurologyCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia University and the New York Presbyterian HospitalNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Department of PsychiatryCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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18
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Xu X, Zhang C, Jiang J, Xin M, Hao J. Effect of TDP43-CTFs35 on Brain Endothelial Cell Functions in Cerebral Ischemic Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2022. [PMID: 35581521 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02869-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pathological changes in the brain endothelium play an important role in the progression of ischemic stroke and the compromised BBB under ischemic stroke conditions cause neuronal damage. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of the BBB under normal conditions and under ischemic stroke conditions have not been fully elucidated. The present study demonstrated that knockdown of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) or overexpression of TDP43-CTFs35 inhibited tight junction protein expression, and mammalian sterile-20-like 1/2 (MST1/2) and YES-associated protein (YAP) phosphorylation in brain ECs and suppressed brain EC migration in vitro. The cytoplasmic TDP43-CTFs35 level was increased in brain ECs 24 h and 72 h after MCAO, but it disappeared 1 week after cerebral ischemia. The expression of tight junction proteins was also significantly deceased 24 h after MCAO and then gradually recovered at 72 h and 1 week after MCAO. The level of YAP phosphorylation was first significantly decreased 24 h after MCAO and then increased 72 h and 1 week after MCAO, accompanied by nuclear YAP translocation. The underlying mechanism is TDP43-CTFs35-mediated inhibition of Hippo signaling pathway activity through the dephosphorylation of MST1/2, which leads to the inhibition of YAP phosphorylation and the subsequent impairment of brain EC migration and tight junction protein expression. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms of brain vascular EC regulation, which may impact on BBB integrity after cerebral ischemic injury.
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19
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Guerra San Juan I, Nash LA, Smith KS, Leyton-Jaimes MF, Qian M, Klim JR, Limone F, Dorr AB, Couto A, Pintacuda G, Joseph BJ, Whisenant DE, Noble C, Melnik V, Potter D, Holmes A, Burberry A, Verhage M, Eggan K. Loss of mouse Stmn2 function causes motor neuropathy. Neuron 2022:S0896-6273(22)00176-3. [PMID: 35294901 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by motor neuron degeneration accompanied by aberrant accumulation and loss of function of the RNA-binding protein TDP43. Thus far, it remains unresolved to what extent TDP43 loss of function directly contributes to motor system dysfunction. Here, we employed gene editing to find whether the mouse ortholog of the TDP43-regulated gene STMN2 has an important function in maintaining the motor system. Both mosaic founders and homozygous loss-of-function Stmn2 mice exhibited neuromuscular junction denervation and fragmentation, resulting in muscle atrophy and impaired motor behavior, accompanied by an imbalance in neuronal microtubule dynamics in the spinal cord. The introduction of human STMN2 through BAC transgenesis was sufficient to rescue the motor phenotypes observed in Stmn2 mutant mice. Collectively, our results demonstrate that disrupting the ortholog of a single TDP43-regulated RNA is sufficient to cause substantial motor dysfunction, indicating that disruption of TDP43 function is likely a contributor to ALS.
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20
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Lotti F, Przedborski S. Motoneuron Diseases. Adv Neurobiol 2022; 28:323-352. [PMID: 36066831 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-07167-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Motoneuron diseases (MNDs) represent a heterogeneous group of progressive paralytic disorders, mainly characterized by the loss of upper (corticospinal) motoneurons, lower (spinal) motoneurons or, often both. MNDs can occur from birth to adulthood and have a highly variable clinical presentation, even within gene-positive forms, suggesting the existence of environmental and genetic modifiers. A combination of cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous mechanisms contributes to motoneuron degeneration in MNDs, suggesting multifactorial pathogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lotti
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology & Cell Biology, and Neuroscience, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Serge Przedborski
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology & Cell Biology, and Neuroscience, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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21
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Zhou D, Yan H, Yang S, Zhang Y, Xu X, Cen X, Lei K, Xia H. SC75741, A Novel c-Abl Inhibitor, Promotes the Clearance of TDP25 Aggregates via ATG5-Dependent Autophagy Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:741219. [PMID: 34776962 PMCID: PMC8586708 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.741219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal accumulation of TDP43-related mutant proteins in the cytoplasm causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Herein, unbiased drug screening approaches showed that SC75741, a multi-target inhibitor, inhibited inflammation-induced aggregation by inhibiting NF-κB and also degraded already aggregated proteins by inhibiting c-Abl mediated autophagy-lysosomal pathway. We delineate the mechanism that SC75741 could markedly enhance TFEB nuclear translocation by an mTORC1-independent TFEB regulatory pathway. In addition, SC75741 enhanced the interaction between p62 with TDP25 and LC3C, thus promoting TDP25 degradation. Taken together, these findings show that SC75741 has beneficial neuroprotective effects in ALS. Our study elucidates that dual-targeted inhibition of c-Abl and NF-κB may be a potential treatment for TDP43 proteinopathies and ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongheng Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuying Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xufeng Cen
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Lei
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongguang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Aledo JC. The Role of Methionine Residues in the Regulation of Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081248. [PMID: 34439914 PMCID: PMC8394241 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Membraneless organelles are non-stoichiometric supramolecular structures in the micron scale. These structures can be quickly assembled/disassembled in a regulated fashion in response to specific stimuli. Membraneless organelles contribute to the spatiotemporal compartmentalization of the cell, and they are involved in diverse cellular processes often, but not exclusively, related to RNA metabolism. Liquid-liquid phase separation, a reversible event involving demixing into two distinct liquid phases, provides a physical framework to gain insights concerning the molecular forces underlying the process and how they can be tuned according to the cellular needs. Proteins able to undergo phase separation usually present a modular architecture, which favors a multivalency-driven demixing. We discuss the role of low complexity regions in establishing networks of intra- and intermolecular interactions that collectively control the phase regime. Post-translational modifications of the residues present in these domains provide a convenient strategy to reshape the residue-residue interaction networks that determine the dynamics of phase separation. Focus will be placed on those proteins with low complexity domains exhibiting a biased composition towards the amino acid methionine and the prominent role that reversible methionine sulfoxidation plays in the assembly/disassembly of biomolecular condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Aledo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
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23
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Corbet GA, Wheeler JR, Parker R, Weskamp K. TDP43 ribonucleoprotein granules: physiologic function to pathologic aggregates. RNA Biol 2021; 18:128-138. [PMID: 34412568 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1963099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) assemblies are ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells and have functions throughout RNA transcription, splicing, and stability. Of the RNA-binding proteins that form RNPs, TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kD (TDP43) is of particular interest due to its essential nature and its association with disease. TDP43 plays critical roles in RNA metabolism, many of which require its recruitment to RNP granules such as stress granules, myo-granules, and neuronal transport granules. Moreover, the presence of cytoplasmic TDP43-positive inclusions is a pathological hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the pervasiveness of TDP43 aggregates, TDP43 mutations are exceedingly rare, suggesting that aggregation may be linked to dysregulation of TDP43 function. Oligomerization is a part of normal TDP43 function; thus, it is of interest to understand what triggers the irreversible aggregation that is seen in disease. Herein, we examine TDP43 functions, particularly in RNP granules, and the mechanisms which may explain pathological TDP43 aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ada Corbet
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Roy Parker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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24
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Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease that affects upper and lower motor neurons. Familial ALS accounts for a small subset of cases (<10-15%) and is caused by dominant mutations in one of more than 10 known genes. Multiple genes have been causally or pathologically linked to both ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Many of these genes encode RNA-binding proteins, so the role of dysregulated RNA metabolism in neurodegeneration is being actively investigated. In addition to defects in RNA metabolism, recent studies provide emerging evidence into how RNA itself can contribute to the degeneration of both motor and cortical neurons. In this review, we discuss the roles of altered RNA metabolism and RNA-mediated toxicity in the context of TARDBP, FUS, and C9ORF72 mutations. Specifically, we focus on recent studies that describe toxic RNA as the potential initiator of disease, disease-associated defects in specific RNA metabolism pathways, as well as how RNA-based approaches can be used as potential therapies. Altogether, we highlight the importance of RNA-based investigations into the molecular progression of ALS, as well as the need for RNA-dependent structural studies of disease-linked RNA-binding proteins to identify clear therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Zaepfel
- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Rothstein
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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25
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Huangfu N, Wang Y, Xu Z, Zheng W, Tao C, Li Z, Hu Y, Chen X. TDP43 Exacerbates Atherosclerosis Progression by Promoting Inflammation and Lipid Uptake of Macrophages. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:687169. [PMID: 34291051 PMCID: PMC8287832 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.687169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Atherosclerosis (AS), characterized by cholesterol overloaded-macrophages accumulation and plaque formation in blood vessels, is the major cause of cardiovascular disease. Transactive response DNA-binding protein∼43 kDa (TDP43) has recently been identified as an independent driver of neurodegenerative diseases through triggering inflammatory response. This study investigated whether TDP43 is involved in AS development, especially in macrophages-mediated-foam cell formation and inflammatory responses. Methods Transactive response DNA-binding protein∼43 kDa expressions in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-treated macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were detected by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Gene gain or loss of function was used to investigate the effects of TDP43 on macrophages-mediated lipid untake and inflammation with ELISA, protein immunoprecipitation, RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Macrophage TDP43 specific knockout mice with ApoE-/- background were fed with western diet for 12 weeks to establish AS model, and used to explore the role of TDP43 on AS progression. Results Transactive response DNA-binding protein∼43 kDa expression increases in oxLDL-treated macrophages and PBMCs from patients with CAD. Furthermore, we find that TDP43 promotes activation of NF-κB to increase inflammatory factor expression in macrophages through triggering mitochondrial DNA release to activate cGAS-STING signaling. Moreover, TDP43 strengthens lipid uptake of macrophages through regulating β-catenin and PPAR-γ complex to promote scavenger receptor gene CD36 transcription. Finally, using macrophage TDP43 specific knockout mice with ApoE-/- background fed with western diet for 12 weeks to establish AS model, we find that specific knockout of TDP43 in macrophages obviously alleviates western diet-induced AS progression in mice. Conclusions Transactive response DNA-binding protein∼43 kDa exacerbates atherosclerosis progression by promoting inflammation and lipid uptake of macrophages, suggesting TDP43 as a potential target for developing atherosclerotic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Huangfu
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Wenyuan Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Chunlan Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhenwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yewen Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
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26
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Carter GC, Hsiung CH, Simpson L, Yang H, Zhang X. N-terminal Domain of TDP43 Enhances Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation of Globular Proteins. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:166948. [PMID: 33744316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.166948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of proteins is involved in a growing number of cellular processes. Most proteins with LLPS harbor intrinsically disordered regions (IDR), which serve as a guideline to search for cellular proteins that potentially phase separate. Herein, we reveal that oligomerization lowers the barriers for LLPS and could act as a general mechanism to enhance LLPS of proteins domains independent of IDR. Using TDP43 as a model system, we found that deleting its IDR resulted in LLPS that was dependent on the oligomerization of the N-terminal domain (NTD). Replacing TDP43's NTD with other oligomerization domains enhanced the LLPS proportionately to the state of oligomerization. In addition to TDP43, fusing NTD to other globular proteins without known LLPS behavior also drove their phase separation in a manner dependent on oligomerization. Finally, we demonstrate that heterooligomers composed of NTD-fused proteins can be driven into droplets through NTD interactions. Our results potentiate a new paradigm for using oligomerization domains as a signature to systematically identify cellular proteins with LLPS behavior, thus broadening the scope of this exciting research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Campbell Carter
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - Chia-Heng Hsiung
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - Leman Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - Haopeng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
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27
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Ma P, Li Y, Wang H, Mao B. Haploinsufficiency of the TDP43 ubiquitin E3 ligase RNF220 leads to ALS-like motor neuron defects in the mouse. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:374-382. [PMID: 33386850 PMCID: PMC8373269 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjaa072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
TDP43 pathology is seen in a large majority of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases, suggesting a central pathogenic role of this regulatory protein. Clarifying the molecular mechanism controlling TDP43 stability and subcellular location might provide important insights into ALS therapy. The ubiquitin E3 ligase RNF220 is involved in different neural developmental processes through various molecular targets in the mouse. Here, we report that the RNF220+/− mice showed progressively decreasing mobility to different extents, some of which developed typical ALS pathological characteristics in spinal motor neurons, including TDP43 cytoplasmic accumulation, atrocytosis, muscle denervation, and atrophy. Mechanistically, RNF220 interacts with TDP43 in vitro and in vivo and promotes its polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. In conclusion, we propose that RNF220 might be a modifier of TDP43 function in vivo and contribute to TDP43 pathology in neurodegenerative disease like ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Huishan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Bingyu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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28
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Jaunmuktane Z, Brandner S. Invited Review: The role of prion-like mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2020; 46:522-545. [PMID: 31868945 PMCID: PMC7687189 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The prototype of transmissible neurodegenerative proteinopathies is prion diseases, characterized by aggregation of abnormally folded conformers of the native prion protein. A wealth of mechanisms has been proposed to explain the conformational conversion from physiological protein into misfolded, pathological form, mode of toxicity, propagation from cell-to-cell and regional spread. There is increasing evidence that other neurodegenerative diseases, most notably Alzheimer's disease (Aβ and tau), Parkinson's disease (α-synuclein), frontotemporal dementia (TDP43, tau or FUS) and motor neurone disease (TDP43), exhibit at least some of the misfolded prion protein properties. In this review, we will discuss to what extent each of the properties of misfolded prion protein is known to occur for Aβ, tau, α-synuclein and TDP43, with particular focus on self-propagation through seeding, conformational strains, selective cellular and regional vulnerability, stability and resistance to inactivation, oligomers, toxicity and summarize the most recent literature on transmissibility of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Jaunmuktane
- Division of NeuropathologyNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryUniversity College London NHS Foundation Trust
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences and Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders
| | - S. Brandner
- Division of NeuropathologyNational Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryUniversity College London NHS Foundation Trust
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseaseQueen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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29
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Liu W, Wang Z, Liu L, Yang Z, Liu S, Ma Z, Liu Y, Ma Y, Zhang L, Zhang X, Jiang M, Cao X. LncRNA Malat1 inhibition of TDP43 cleavage suppresses IRF3-initiated antiviral innate immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:23695-706. [PMID: 32907941 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2003932117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the regulation of antiviral innate immune responses need to be further identified. By functionally screening the lncRNAs in macrophages, here we identified lncRNA Malat1, abundant in the nucleus but significantly down-regulated after viral infection, as a negative regulator of antiviral type I IFN (IFN-I) production. Malat1 directly bound to the transactive response DNA-binding protein (TDP43) in the nucleus and prevented activation of TDP43 by blocking the activated caspase-3-mediated TDP43 cleavage to TDP35. The cleaved TDP35 increased the nuclear IRF3 protein level by binding and degrading Rbck1 pre-mRNA to prevent IRF3 proteasomal degradation upon viral infection, thus selectively promoting antiviral IFN-I production. Deficiency of Malat1 enhanced antiviral innate responses in vivo, accompanying the increased IFN-I production and reduced viral burden. Importantly, the reduced MALAT1, augmented IRF3, and increased IFNA mRNA were found in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Therefore, the down-regulation of MALAT1 in virus-infected cells or in human cells from autoimmune diseases will increase host resistance against viral infection or lead to autoinflammatory interferonopathies via the increased type I IFN production. Our results demonstrate that the nuclear Malat1 suppresses antiviral innate responses by targeting TDP43 activation via RNA-RBP interactive network, adding insight to the molecular regulation of innate responses and autoimmune pathogenesis.
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30
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Flores BN, Li X, Malik AM, Martinez J, Beg AA, Barmada SJ. An Intramolecular Salt Bridge Linking TDP43 RNA Binding, Protein Stability, and TDP43-Dependent Neurodegeneration. Cell Rep 2020; 27:1133-1150.e8. [PMID: 31018129 PMCID: PMC6499398 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) exhibit neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions rich in the RNA binding protein TDP43. Even so, the relation between the RNA binding properties of TDP43 and neurodegeneration remains obscure. Here, we show that engineered mutations disrupting a salt bridge between the RNA recognition motifs of TDP43 interfere with RNA binding and eliminate the recognition of native TDP43 substrates. The same mutations dramatically destabilize TDP43, alter its subcellular localization, and abrogate TDP43-dependent neuro-degeneration. Worms harboring homologous TDP-1 mutations phenocopy knockout strains, confirming the necessity of salt bridge residues for TDP43 function. Moreover, the accumulation of functional TDP43, but not RNA binding-deficient variants, disproportionately affects transcripts encoding ribo-some and oxidative phosphorylation components. These studies demonstrate the significance of the salt bridge in sustaining TDP43 stability and RNA binding properties, factors that are crucial for neurodegeneration arising from TDP43 deposition in ALS and FTD. Flores et al. uncover essential roles for an intramolecular salt bridge in the function of TDP43, an RNA binding protein implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Salt bridge interruption attenuates TDP43 RNA binding affinity and specificity, destabilizes the protein, and prevents TDP43-mediated neurotoxicity arising from misprocessing of ribosomal and mitochondrial transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany N Flores
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Xingli Li
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Ahmed M Malik
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Jose Martinez
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Asim A Beg
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Sami J Barmada
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA.
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31
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Abstract
The mitochondrial lifecycle comprises biogenesis, fusion and cristae remodeling, fission, and breakdown by the autophagosome. This cycle is essential for maintaining proper cellular function, and inhibition of any of these processes results in deterioration of bioenergetics and swift induction of apoptosis, particularly in energy-craving cells such as myocytes and neurons. Regulation of gene expression is a fundamental step in maintaining mitochondrial plasticity, mediated by (1) transcription factors that control the expression of mitochondrial mRNAs and (2) RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that regulate mRNA splicing, stability, targeting to mitochondria, and translation. More recently, RBPs have been also shown to interact with proteins modulating the mitochondrial lifecycle. Importantly, misexpression or mutations in RBPs give rise to mitochondrial dysfunctions, and there is strong evidence to support that these mitochondrial impairments occur early in disease development, constituting leading causes of pathogenesis. This review presents key aspects of the molecular network of the disease-relevant RBPs, including transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43), fused in sarcoma (FUS), T-cell intracellular antigen 1 (TIA1), TIA-related protein (TIAR), and pumilio (PUM) that drive mitochondrial dysfunction in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Ravanidis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Epaminondas Doxakis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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32
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Kankel MW, Sen A, Lu L, Theodorou M, Dimlich DN, McCampbell A, Henderson CE, Shneider NA, Artavanis-Tsakonas S. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Modifiers in Drosophila Reveal the Phospholipase D Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Target. Genetics 2020; 215:747-66. [PMID: 32345615 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder lacking effective treatments. ALS pathology is linked to mutations in several different genes indicating... Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder lacking effective treatments. ALS pathology is linked to mutations in >20 different genes indicating a complex underlying genetic architecture that is effectively unknown. Here, in an attempt to identify genes and pathways for potential therapeutic intervention and explore the genetic circuitry underlying Drosophila models of ALS, we carry out two independent genome-wide screens for modifiers of degenerative phenotypes associated with the expression of transgenic constructs carrying familial ALS-causing alleles of FUS (hFUSR521C) and TDP-43 (hTDP-43M337V). We uncover a complex array of genes affecting either or both of the two strains, and investigate their activities in additional ALS models. Our studies indicate the pathway that governs phospholipase D activity as a major modifier of ALS-related phenotypes, a notion supported by data we generated in mice and others collected in humans.
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33
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Schmidt HB, Rohatgi R. High-throughput Flow Cytometry Assay to Investigate TDP43 Splicing Function. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3594. [PMID: 33659560 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) such as TDP43 are associated with transcriptome-wide splicing defects and cause severe neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The impact of RBP mutations on splicing function is routinely studied using PCR-based bulk measurements. However, the qualitative and low-throughput nature of this assay make quantitative and systematic analyses, as well as screening approaches, difficult to implement. To overcome this hurdle, we have developed a quantitative, high-throughput flow cytometry assay to investigate TDP43 splicing function on a single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Broder Schmidt
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Rajat Rohatgi
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
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34
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Li J, Zhao W, Li Q, Huang Z, Shi G, Li C. Long Non-Coding RNA H19 Promotes Porcine Satellite Cell Differentiation by Interacting with TDP43. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E259. [PMID: 32121115 DOI: 10.3390/genes11030259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in fundamental and diverse biological processes, including myogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in this process remain largely unexplored. This study found that H19 affected the differentiation of porcine satellite cells (PSCs) by directly binding to the DNA/RNA-binding protein TDP43. Functional analyses showed that TDP43 knockdown decreased PSC differentiation, whereas TDP43 overexpression exerted opposite effects in vitro. Furthermore, rescue experiments demonstrated that TDP43 can rescue the decrease in PSC differentiation caused by H19 knockdown. Mechanistically, H19 may act as a scaffold to recruit TDP43 to the promoters of MYOD and thereby activate the transcription of MYOD, leading to PSC differentiation. In summary, we elucidate the molecular mechanism by which H19 and TDP43 regulate myogenesis.
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35
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Abstract
Frontotemporal degeneration (FTD) is a heterogeneous spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by diverse clinical presentations, neuropathological characteristics, and underlying genetic causes. In the last few years, several advances in the knowledge of clinical and biological aspects have been accomplished and three major scenarios have emerged that will represent the core issues in the FTD scene over the next few years. Foremost, the development of cerebrospinal fluid and blood biomarkers as well as neuroimaging techniques will aid the pursuit of new diagnostic and prognostic markers able to identify the ongoing proteinopathy and predict disease progression, which is key in identifying and stratifying patients for enrolment in clinical trials as well as evaluating response to treatment. On the other hand, current research has focused on the first attempts to slow down or revert disease progression, with the identification of disease modulators associated with disease onset and the ongoing development of the first pharmacological treatments for both sporadic and genetic FTD. Future research will certainly improve our knowledge of FTD and possibly open up a new era of disease-modifying therapies for this still-orphan disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Borroni
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, 25100, Italy
| | - Alberto Benussi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, 25100, Italy
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36
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Flanagan ME, Cholerton B, Latimer CS, Hemmy LS, Edland SD, Montine KS, White LR, Montine TJ. TDP-43 Neuropathologic Associations in the Nun Study and the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 66:1549-1558. [PMID: 30452409 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Transactive response binding protein-43 (TDP-43) cytoplasmic neuronal and glial aggregates (pathologic TDP-43) have been described in multiple brain diseases. We describe the associations between neuropathologically confirmed TDP-43 and cognition in two population-based cohorts: the Nun Study (NS) and the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS). In the HAAS, there was a significant association between hippocampal sclerosis (HS) and TDP-43 (OR = 11.04, p < 0.0001, 95% CI 3.57-34.13). In the NS, there were significant associations between TDP-43 and HS (OR = 16.44, p > 0.001 95%, CI 7.10-38.00) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) severity (OR = 1.74, p = 0.009, 95% CI 1.15-2.64). When cognitive scores were added to the model, HS remained significant but the other variables were not. When HS was removed from the model, the overall model remained significant and the associations between cognitive performance and TDP-43 (OR = 2.11, p = 0.022, 95% CI 1.11-4.02) were significant. In the NS, there was a significant association between cognitive performance and TDP-43 (OR 1.94 p = 0.005, 95% CI 1.22-3.09) (HS remained significant, but AD did not). When HS was removed from the model, only CERAD was significant (OR = 2.43 p < 0.001, 95% CI 1.58-3.74). These results support a consistent association between pathologic TDP-43, HS, and the development of cognitive impairment in two large studies of brain aging, while the relationship between AD pathology and TDP-43 may vary according to cohort-specific features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret E Flanagan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Laura S Hemmy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Steven D Edland
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Lon R White
- Pacific Health Research and Education Institute (PHREI), Honolulu, HI, USA.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA
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37
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Beltran S, Nassif M, Vicencio E, Arcos J, Labrador L, Cortes BI, Cortez C, Bergmann CA, Espinoza S, Hernandez MF, Matamala JM, Bargsted L, Matus S, Rojas-Rivera D, Bertrand MJM, Medinas DB, Hetz C, Manque PA, Woehlbier U. Network approach identifies Pacer as an autophagy protein involved in ALS pathogenesis. Mol Neurodegener 2019; 14:14. [PMID: 30917850 PMCID: PMC6437924 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-019-0313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multifactorial fatal motoneuron disease without a cure. Ten percent of ALS cases can be pointed to a clear genetic cause, while the remaining 90% is classified as sporadic. Our study was aimed to uncover new connections within the ALS network through a bioinformatic approach, by which we identified C13orf18, recently named Pacer, as a new component of the autophagic machinery and potentially involved in ALS pathogenesis. METHODS Initially, we identified Pacer using a network-based bioinformatic analysis. Expression of Pacer was then investigated in vivo using spinal cord tissue from two ALS mouse models (SOD1G93A and TDP43A315T) and sporadic ALS patients. Mechanistic studies were performed in cell culture using the mouse motoneuron cell line NSC34. Loss of function of Pacer was achieved by knockdown using short-hairpin constructs. The effect of Pacer repression was investigated in the context of autophagy, SOD1 aggregation, and neuronal death. RESULTS Using an unbiased network-based approach, we integrated all available ALS data to identify new functional interactions involved in ALS pathogenesis. We found that Pacer associates to an ALS-specific subnetwork composed of components of the autophagy pathway, one of the main cellular processes affected in the disease. Interestingly, we found that Pacer levels are significantly reduced in spinal cord tissue from sporadic ALS patients and in tissues from two ALS mouse models. In vitro, Pacer deficiency lead to impaired autophagy and accumulation of ALS-associated protein aggregates, which correlated with the induction of cell death. CONCLUSIONS This study, therefore, identifies Pacer as a new regulator of proteostasis associated with ALS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Beltran
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide 5750, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide, 5750, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Nassif
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide 5750, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide, 5750, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Vicencio
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide 5750, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide, 5750, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Arcos
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide 5750, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide, 5750, Santiago, Chile
| | - L Labrador
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide 5750, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide, 5750, Santiago, Chile
| | - B I Cortes
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide 5750, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide, 5750, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Cortez
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide, 5750, Santiago, Chile
| | - C A Bergmann
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide 5750, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide, 5750, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Espinoza
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide 5750, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile
| | - M F Hernandez
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide 5750, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide, 5750, Santiago, Chile
| | - J M Matamala
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - L Bargsted
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Matus
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile.,Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Zañartu 1482, 7780272, Santiago, Chile.,Neurounion Biomedical Foundation, 7780272, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile
| | - D Rojas-Rivera
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide 5750, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M J M Bertrand
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - D B Medinas
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile.,Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile.,Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.,Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - P A Manque
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide 5750, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile. .,Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide, 5750, Santiago, Chile. .,Center for the Study of Biological Complexity, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
| | - U Woehlbier
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide 5750, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile. .,Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Piramide, 5750, Santiago, Chile.
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38
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Bhatia S, Kim WS, Shepherd CE, Halliday GM. Apolipoprotein D Upregulation in Alzheimer's Disease but Not Frontotemporal Dementia. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 67:125-132. [PMID: 30467822 PMCID: PMC6344390 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1217-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are the two common forms of dementia. FTD syndromes are characterized by lobar atrophy (frontotemporal lobar degeneration or FTLD) and the presence of either cellular TDP43 (FTLD-TDP), tau (FTLD-tau), or FUS aggregates, while extracellular β-amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau tangles develop in AD. Oxidative stress can induce these pathological modifications in disease models, and is thought to play a role in these syndromes. Apolipoprotein D (apoD) is a glial-expressed lipocalin known to protect against oxidative stress, with increased levels in AD, supporting a protective role. The expression of apoD has not been studied in FTLD. This study assesses apoD expression in FTLD-TDP and FTLD-tau in comparison to AD and controls. It also analyzes the effect of apoD on TARDBP (TDP43 gene) and β-amyloid precursor protein (APP). The expression of apoD was analyzed by Western blotting in FTLD-TDP, FTLD-tau, AD, and control post-mortem brain tissue. An apoD-overexpressing cell model was used to study the impact of increased apoD on APP and TARDBP expression. We confirm that apoD expression was increased in AD but surprisingly it was not affected in either of the two main pathological forms of FTLD. Under oxidative stress conditions, apoD had no effect on TDP43 expression but it did decrease APP expression. This suggests that apoD does not act as a neuroprotective factor in FTLD in the same way as in AD. This could contribute to the more rapid degeneration observed in FTLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Bhatia
- Central Clinical School and Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
| | - Woojin Scott Kim
- Central Clinical School and Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Claire E Shepherd
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Central Clinical School and Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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39
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Viodé A, Fournier C, Camuzat A, Fenaille F, Latouche M, Elahi F, Le Ber I, Junot C, Lamari F, Anquetil V, Becher F. New Antibody-Free Mass Spectrometry-Based Quantification Reveals That C9ORF72 Long Protein Isoform Is Reduced in the Frontal Cortex of Hexanucleotide-Repeat Expansion Carriers. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:589. [PMID: 30210275 PMCID: PMC6122177 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by behavioral and language disorders. The main genetic cause of FTD is an intronic hexanucleotide repeat expansion (G4C2)n in the C9ORF72 gene. A loss of function of the C9ORF72 protein associated with the allele-specific reduction of C9ORF72 expression is postulated to contribute to the disease pathogenesis. To better understand the contribution of the loss of function to the disease mechanism, we need to determine precisely the level of reduction in C9ORF72 long and short isoforms in brain tissue from patients with C9ORF72 mutations. In this study, we developed a sensitive and robust mass spectrometry (MS) method for quantifying C9ORF72 isoform levels in human brain tissue without requiring antibody or affinity reagent. An optimized workflow based on surfactant-aided protein extraction and pellet digestion was established for optimal recovery of the two isoforms in brain samples. Signature peptides, common or specific to the isoforms, were targeted in brain extracts by multiplex MS through the parallel reaction monitoring mode on a Quadrupole-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometer. The assay was successfully validated and subsequently applied to frontal cortex brain samples from a cohort of FTD patients with C9ORF72 mutations and neurologically normal controls without mutations. We showed that the C9ORF72 short isoform in the frontal cortices is below detection threshold in all tested individuals and the C9ORF72 long isoform is significantly decreased in C9ORF72 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Viodé
- Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Clémence Fournier
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Èpinière, ICM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Camuzat
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Èpinière, ICM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - François Fenaille
- Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Morwena Latouche
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Èpinière, ICM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Elahi
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Isabelle Le Ber
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Èpinière, ICM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Rare or Early Dementias, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, AP-HP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Junot
- Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Foudil Lamari
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Biochimie Métabolique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Paris, France.,GRC 13 Neurométabolisme - UPMC, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Anquetil
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Èpinière, ICM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - François Becher
- Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Ravanidis S, Kattan FG, Doxakis E. Unraveling the Pathways to Neuronal Homeostasis and Disease: Mechanistic Insights into the Role of RNA-Binding Proteins and Associated Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082280. [PMID: 30081499 PMCID: PMC6121432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The timing, dosage and location of gene expression are fundamental determinants of brain architectural complexity. In neurons, this is, primarily, achieved by specific sets of trans-acting RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and their associated factors that bind to specific cis elements throughout the RNA sequence to regulate splicing, polyadenylation, stability, transport and localized translation at both axons and dendrites. Not surprisingly, misregulation of RBP expression or disruption of its function due to mutations or sequestration into nuclear or cytoplasmic inclusions have been linked to the pathogenesis of several neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as fragile-X syndrome, autism spectrum disorders, spinal muscular atrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. This review discusses the roles of Pumilio, Staufen, IGF2BP, FMRP, Sam68, CPEB, NOVA, ELAVL, SMN, TDP43, FUS, TAF15, and TIA1/TIAR in RNA metabolism by analyzing their specific molecular and cellular function, the neurological symptoms associated with their perturbation, and their axodendritic transport/localization along with their target mRNAs as part of larger macromolecular complexes termed ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Ravanidis
- Basic Sciences Division I, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Fedon-Giasin Kattan
- Basic Sciences Division I, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Epaminondas Doxakis
- Basic Sciences Division I, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
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41
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Bossolasco P, Sassone F, Gumina V, Peverelli S, Garzo M, Silani V. Motor neuron differentiation of iPSCs obtained from peripheral blood of a mutant TARDBP ALS patient. Stem Cell Res 2018; 30:61-68. [PMID: 29800782 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disease, mainly affecting the motor neurons (MNs) and without effective therapy. Drug screening is hampered by the lack of satisfactory experimental and pre-clinical models. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could help to define disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies as they could be differentiated into MNs, otherwise inaccessible from living humans. In this study, given the seminal role of TDP-43 in ALS pathophysiology, MNs were obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells-derived iPSCs of an ALS patient carrying a p.A382T TARDBP mutation and a healthy donor. Venous samples were preferred to fibroblasts for their ease of collection and no requirement for time consuming extended cultures before experimentation. iPSCs were characterized for expression of specific markers, spontaneously differentiated into primary germ layers and, finally, into MNs. No differences were observed between the mutated ALS patient and the control MNs with most of the cells displaying a nuclear localization of the TDP-43 protein. In conclusion, we here demonstrated for the first time that human TARDBP mutated MNs can be successfully obtained exploiting the reprogramming and differentiation ability of peripheral blood cells, an easily accessible source from any patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Bossolasco
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, Milan and Via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino, Italy.
| | - Francesca Sassone
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, Milan and Via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - Valentina Gumina
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, Milan and Via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino, Italy; "Dino Ferrari" Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Peverelli
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, Milan and Via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - Maria Garzo
- Lab. di Citogenetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piazzale Brescia 20, Milan and Via Zucchi 18, Cusano Milanino, Italy; "Dino Ferrari" Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy
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42
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Azpurua J, Mahoney RE, Eaton BA. Transcriptomics of aged Drosophila motor neurons reveals a matrix metalloproteinase that impairs motor function. Aging Cell 2018; 17. [PMID: 29411505 PMCID: PMC5847883 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is responsible for transforming nervous system signals into motor behavior and locomotion. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, an age‐dependent decline in motor function occurs, analogous to the decline experienced in mice, humans, and other mammals. The molecular and cellular underpinnings of this decline are still poorly understood. By specifically profiling the transcriptome of Drosophila motor neurons across age using custom microarrays, we found that the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase 1 (dMMP1) gene reproducibly increased in motor neurons in an age‐dependent manner. Modulation of physiological aging also altered the rate of dMMP1 expression, validating dMMP1 expression as a bona fide aging biomarker for motor neurons. Temporally controlled overexpression of dMMP1 specifically in motor neurons was sufficient to induce deficits in climbing behavior and cause a decrease in neurotransmitter release at neuromuscular synapses. These deficits were reversible if the dMMP1 expression was shut off again immediately after the onset of motor dysfunction. Additionally, repression of dMMP1 enzymatic activity via overexpression of a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases delayed the onset of age‐dependent motor dysfunction. MMPs are required for proper tissue architecture during development. Our results support the idea that matrix metalloproteinase 1 is acting as a downstream effector of antagonistic pleiotropy in motor neurons and is necessary for proper development, but deleterious when reactivated at an advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Azpurua
- Department of Anesthesiology; Stony Brook University School of Medicine; Stony Brook NY USA
| | - Rebekah E. Mahoney
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology; UTHSCSA; San Antonio TX USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies; UTHSCSA; San Antonio TX USA
| | - Benjamin A. Eaton
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology; UTHSCSA; San Antonio TX USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies; UTHSCSA; San Antonio TX USA
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43
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Ke H, Zhao L, Zhang H, Feng X, Xu H, Hao J, Wang S, Yang Q, Zou L, Su X, Wang L, Wu C, Wang Y, Nie J, Jiao B. Loss of TDP43 inhibits progression of triple-negative breast cancer in coordination with SRSF3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E3426-35. [PMID: 29581274 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1714573115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant alternative splicing has been highlighted as a potential hallmark of cancer. Here, we identify TDP43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43) as an important splicing regulator responsible for the unique splicing profile in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Clinical data demonstrate that TDP43 is highly expressed in TNBC with poor prognosis. Knockdown of TDP43 inhibits tumor progression, including proliferation and metastasis, and overexpression of TDP43 promotes proliferation and malignancy of mammary epithelial cells. Deep sequencing analysis and functional experiments indicate that TDP43 alters most splicing events with splicing factor SRSF3 (serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3), in the regulation of TNBC progression. The TDP43/SRSF3 complex controls specific splicing events, including downstream genes PAR3 and NUMB The effect of reduced metastasis and proliferation upon the knockdown of TDP43 or SRSF3 is mediated by the splicing regulation of PAR3 and NUMB exon 12, respectively. The TDP43/SRSF3 complex and downstream PAR3 isoform are potential therapeutic targets for TNBC.
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Liu X, Zheng J, Xue Y, Qu C, Chen J, Wang Z, Li Z, Zhang L, Liu Y. Inhibition of TDP43-Mediated SNHG12-miR-195-SOX5 Feedback Loop Impeded Malignant Biological Behaviors of Glioma Cells. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2017; 10:142-158. [PMID: 29499929 PMCID: PMC5751968 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) dysregulation is involved in tumorigenesis and regulation of diverse cellular processes in gliomas. lncRNA SNHG12 is upregulated and promotes cell growth in human osteosarcoma cells. TAR-DNA binding protein 43 (TDP43) functions as an oncogene in various tumors by modulating RNA expression. Downregulation of TDP43 or SNHG12 significantly inhibited malignant biological behaviors of glioma cells. miR-195, downregulated in glioma tissues and cells, significantly impaired the malignant progression of glioma cells. TDP43 upregulated miR-195 in an SNHG12-dependent manner. We further revealed that SNHG12 and miR-195 were in an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Inhibition of SNHG12 combined with restoration of miR-195 robustly reduced tumor growth in vivo. SOX5 was overexpressed in glioma tissues and cells. miR-195 targeted SOX5 3′ UTR in a sequence-specific manner. Gelsolin was activated by SOX5. More importantly, SOX5 activated SNHG12 promoter and upregulated its expression, forming a feedback loop. Dysregulation of SNHG12, miR-195, and SOX5 predicted poor prognosis of glioma patients. The present study demonstrated that SNHG12-miR-195-SOX5 feedback loop exerted a crucial role in the regulation of glioma cells’ malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yixue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Chengbin Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, China.
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Johnston WL, Krizus A, Ramani AK, Dunham W, Youn JY, Fraser AG, Gingras AC, Dennis JW. C. elegans SUP-46, an HNRNPM family RNA-binding protein that prevents paternally-mediated epigenetic sterility. BMC Biol 2017; 15:61. [PMID: 28716093 PMCID: PMC5513350 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-017-0398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to DNA, gametes contribute epigenetic information in the form of histones and non-coding RNA. Epigenetic programs often respond to stressful environmental conditions and provide a heritable history of ancestral stress that allows for adaptation and propagation of the species. In the nematode C. elegans, defective epigenetic transmission often manifests as progressive germline mortality. We previously isolated sup-46 in a screen for suppressors of the hexosamine pathway gene mutant, gna-2(qa705). In this study, we examine the role of SUP-46 in stress resistance and progressive germline mortality. RESULTS We identified SUP-46 as an HNRNPM family RNA-binding protein, and uncovered a highly novel role for SUP-46 in preventing paternally-mediated progressive germline mortality following mating. Proximity biotinylation profiling of human homologs (HNRNPM, MYEF2) identified proteins of ribonucleoprotein complexes previously shown to contain non-coding RNA. Like HNRNPM and MYEF2, SUP-46 was associated with multiple RNA granules, including stress granules, and also formed granules on active chromatin. SUP-46 depletion disrupted germ RNA granules and caused ectopic sperm, increased sperm transcripts, and chronic heat stress sensitivity. SUP-46 was also required for resistance to acute heat stress, and a conserved "MYEF2" motif was identified that was needed for stress resistance. CONCLUSIONS In mammals, non-coding RNA from the sperm of stressed males has been shown to recapitulate paternal stress phenotypes in the offspring. Our results suggest that HNRNPM family proteins enable stress resistance and paternally-mediated epigenetic transmission that may be conserved across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy L. Johnston
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Aldis Krizus
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Arun K. Ramani
- Centre for Computational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Wade Dunham
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Ji Young Youn
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Andrew G. Fraser
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - James W. Dennis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
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Abstract
Several proteins are found misfolded and aggregated in sporadic and genetic forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These include superoxide dismutase (SOD1), transactive response DNA-binding protein (TDP-43), fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma protein (FUS/TLS), p62, vasolin-containing protein (VCP), Ubiquilin-2 and dipeptide repeats produced by unconventional RAN-translation of the GGGGCC expansion in C9ORF72. Up to date, functional studies have not yet revealed a common mechanism for the formation of such diverse protein inclusions. Consolidated studies have demonstrated a fundamental role of cysteine residues in the aggregation process of SOD1 and TDP43, but disturbance of protein thiols homeostatic factors such as protein disulfide isomerases (PDI), glutathione, cysteine oxidation or palmitoylation might contribute to a general aberration of cysteine residues proteostasis in ALS. In this article we review the evidence that cysteine modifications may have a central role in many, if not all, forms of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Valle
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neurobiology, CNRRome, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCSRome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Carrì
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCSRome, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor VergataRome, Italy
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Hayashi Y, Iwasaki Y, Takekoshi A, Yoshikura N, Asano T, Mimuro M, Kimura A, Satoh K, Kitamoto T, Yoshida M, Inuzuka T. An autopsy-verified case of FTLD-TDP type A with upper motor neuron-predominant motor neuron disease mimicking MM2-thalamic-type sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Prion 2016; 10:492-501. [PMID: 27929803 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2016.1243192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report an autopsy-verified case of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)-transactivation responsive region (TAR) DNA binding protein (TDP) type A with upper motor neuron-predominant motor neuron disease mimicking MM2-thalamic-type sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). A 69-year-old woman presented with an 11-month history of progressive dementia, irritability, insomnia, and gait disturbance without a family history of dementia or prion disease. Neurological examination revealed severe dementia, frontal signs, and exaggerated bilateral tendon reflexes. Periodic sharp-wave complexes were not observed on the electroencephalogram. Brain diffusion MRI did not reveal abnormal changes. An easy Z score (eZIS) analysis for 99mTc-ECD-single photon emission computed tomography (99mTc-ECD-SPECT) revealed a bilateral decrease in thalamic regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). PRNP gene analysis demonstrated methionine homozygosity at codon 129 without mutation. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed normal levels of both 14-3-3 and total tau proteins. Conversely, prion protein was slowly amplified in the CSF by a real-time quaking-induced conversion assay. Her symptoms deteriorated to a state of akinetic mutism, and she died of sudden cardiac arrest, one year after symptom onset. Despite the SPECT results supporting a clinical diagnosis of MM2-thalamic-type sCJD, a postmortem assessment revealed that this was a case of FTLD-TDP type A, and excluded prion disease. Thus, this case indicates that whereas a bilateral decreasing thalamic rCBF detected by 99mTc-ECD-SPECT can be useful for diagnosing MM2-thalamic-type sCJD, it is not sufficiently specific. Postmortem diagnosis remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Hayashi
- a Department of Neurology and Geriatrics , Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine , Gifu , Japan
| | - Yasushi Iwasaki
- b Department of Neuropathology , Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University , Nagakute , Japan
| | - Akira Takekoshi
- a Department of Neurology and Geriatrics , Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine , Gifu , Japan
| | - Nobuaki Yoshikura
- a Department of Neurology and Geriatrics , Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine , Gifu , Japan
| | - Takahiko Asano
- c Department of Radiology , Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine , Gifu , Japan
| | - Maya Mimuro
- b Department of Neuropathology , Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University , Nagakute , Japan
| | - Akio Kimura
- a Department of Neurology and Geriatrics , Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine , Gifu , Japan
| | - Katsuya Satoh
- d Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Sciences . Nagasaki University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagasaki , Japan
| | - Tetsuyuki Kitamoto
- e Division of CJD Science and Technology, Department of Prion Research , Center for Translational and Advanced Animal Research on Human Diseases, Tohoku University School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
| | - Mari Yoshida
- b Department of Neuropathology , Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University , Nagakute , Japan
| | - Takashi Inuzuka
- a Department of Neurology and Geriatrics , Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine , Gifu , Japan
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Piscopo P, Albani D, Castellano AE, Forloni G, Confaloni A. Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration and MicroRNAs. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:17. [PMID: 26903860 PMCID: PMC4746266 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) includes a spectrum of disorders characterized by changes of personality and social behavior and, often, a gradual and progressive language dysfunction. In the last years, several efforts have been fulfilled in identifying both genetic mutations and pathological proteins associated with FTLD. The molecular bases undergoing the onset and progression of the disease remain still unknown. Recent literature prompts an involvement of RNA metabolism in FTLD, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs). Dysregulation of miRNAs in several disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, and increasing importance of circulating miRNAs in different pathologies has suggested to implement the study of their possible application as biological markers and new therapeutic targets; moreover, miRNA-based therapy is becoming a powerful tool to deepen the function of a gene, the mechanism of a disease, and validate therapeutic targets. Regarding FTLD, different studies showed that miRNAs are playing an important role. For example, several reports have evaluated miRNA regulation of the progranulin gene suggesting that it is under their control, as described for miR-29b, miR-107, and miR-659. More recently, it has been demonstrated that TMEM106B gene, which protein is elevated in FTLD-TDP brains, is repressed by miR-132/212 cluster; this post-transcriptional mechanism increases intracellular levels of progranulin, affecting its pathways. These findings if confirmed could suggest that these microRNAs have a role as potential targets for some related-FTLD genes. In this review, we focus on the emerging roles of the miRNAs in the pathogenesis of FTLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Piscopo
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Albani
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Milano, Italy
| | | | - Gianluigi Forloni
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Milano, Italy
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Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severely debilitating neurodegenerative disease linked to mutations in various genes implicated in cytoplasmic RNA metabolism. Recent studies from genetic models have also helped reveal connections between various ALS-linked factors and RNA-DNA hybrid (R-loop) regulation. Here, we examine how such hybrid-regulatory processes are pointing to a key role for the nucleus in ALS. We also present a potential molecular mechanism in which hybrids may represent at least one of the long sought after missing links between different ALS genes. Our opinion is that RNA-DNA hybrids will play a key role in deciphering ALS and other human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh S Salvi
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology; Faculty of Medicine ; University of Toronto ; Toronto , ON Canada
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Kaus A, Sareen D. ALS Patient Stem Cells for Unveiling Disease Signatures of Motoneuron Susceptibility: Perspectives on the Deadly Mitochondria, ER Stress and Calcium Triad. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:448. [PMID: 26635528 PMCID: PMC4652136 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a largely sporadic progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motoneurons (MNs) whose specific etiology is incompletely understood. Mutations in superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TARDBP/TDP-43) and C9orf72, have been identified in subsets of familial and sporadic patients. Key associated molecular and neuropathological features include ubiquitinated TDP-43 inclusions, stress granules, aggregated dipeptide proteins from mutant C9orf72 transcripts, altered mitochondrial ultrastructure, dysregulated calcium homeostasis, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and an unfolded protein response (UPR). Such impairments have been documented in ALS animal models; however, whether these mechanisms are initiating factors or later consequential events leading to MN vulnerability in ALS patients is debatable. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a valuable tool that could resolve this “chicken or egg” causality dilemma. Relevant systems for probing pathophysiologically affected cells from large numbers of ALS patients and discovering phenotypic disease signatures of early MN susceptibility are described. Performing unbiased ‘OMICS and high-throughput screening in relevant neural cells from a cohort of ALS patient iPSCs, and rescuing mitochondrial and ER stress impairments, can identify targeted therapeutics for increasing MN longevity in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjoscha Kaus
- Board of Governors-Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dhruv Sareen
- Board of Governors-Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA ; iPSC Core, The David and Janet Polak Stem Cell Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA
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