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Speechley EM, Ashton BJ, Foo YZ, Simmons LW, Ridley AR. Meta-analyses reveal support for the Social Intelligence Hypothesis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024. [PMID: 38855980 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The Social Intelligence Hypothesis (SIH) is one of the leading explanations for the evolution of cognition. Since its inception a vast body of literature investigating the predictions of the SIH has accumulated, using a variety of methodologies and species. However, the generalisability of the hypothesis remains unclear. To gain an understanding of the robustness of the SIH as an explanation for the evolution of cognition, we systematically searched the literature for studies investigating the predictions of the SIH. Accordingly, we compiled 103 studies with 584 effect sizes from 17 taxonomic orders. We present the results of four meta-analyses which reveal support for the SIH across interspecific, intraspecific and developmental studies. However, effect sizes did not differ significantly between the cognitive or sociality metrics used, taxonomy or testing conditions. Thus, support for the SIH is similar across studies using neuroanatomy and cognitive performance, those using broad categories of sociality, group size and social interactions, across taxonomic groups, and for tests conducted in captivity or the wild. Overall, our meta-analyses support the SIH as an evolutionary and developmental explanation for cognitive variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Speechley
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Ashton
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, 205b Culloden Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Yong Zhi Foo
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Leigh W Simmons
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Amanda R Ridley
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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2
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Magalhães DM, Mampay M, Sebastião AM, Sheridan GK, Valente CA. Age-related impact of social isolation in mice: Young vs middle-aged. Neurochem Int 2024; 174:105678. [PMID: 38266657 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Social isolation is a chronic mild stressor and a significant risk factor for mental health disorders. Herein we explored the impact of social isolation on depression- and anxiety-like behaviours, as well as spatial memory impairments, in middle-aged male mice compared to post-weaning mice. We aimed to quantify and correlate social isolation-induced behaviour discrepancies with changes in hippocampal glial cell reactivity and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Post-weaning and middle-aged C57BL7/J6 male mice were socially isolated for a 3-week period and behavioural tests were performed on the last five days of isolation. We found that 3 weeks of social isolation led to depressive-like behaviour in the forced swim test, anxiety-like behaviour in the open field test, and spatial memory impairment in the Morris water maze paradigm in middle-aged male mice. These behavioural alterations were not observed in male mice after post-weaning social isolation, indicating resilience to isolation-mediated stress. Increased Iba-1 expression and NLRP3 priming were both observed in the hippocampus of socially isolated middle-aged mice, suggesting a role for microglia and NLRP3 pathway in the detrimental effects of social isolation on cognition and behaviour. Young socially isolated mice also demonstrated elevated NLRP3 priming compared to controls, but no differences in Iba-1 levels and no significant changes in behaviour. Ageing-induced microglia activation and enhancement of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 proinflammatory cytokines, known signs of a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, were also detected. Altogether, data suggest that social isolation, in addition to inflammaging, contributes to stress-related cognitive impairment in middle-aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M Magalhães
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Myrthe Mampay
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Ana M Sebastião
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Cláudia A Valente
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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3
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Fan B, Zhang Y, Luo Q, Hao C, Liao W. Physical and social environmental enrichment alleviate ferroptosis and inflammation with inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/p38MAPK pathway in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rats. Brain Res Bull 2024; 208:110897. [PMID: 38340777 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
A typical enriched environment (EE), which combines physical activity and social interaction, has been proven to mitigate cognitive impairment caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). However, it remains unclear how the different components of EE promote cognitive recovery after CCH. This study stripped out the different components of EE into physical environmental enrichment (PE) and social environmental enrichment (SE), and compared the neuroprotective effects of PE, SE and typical EE (PSE) in CCH. The results of novel object recognition and Morris water maze tests showed that PE, SE, and PSE improved cognitive function in CCH rats. Additionally, Nissl and TUNEL staining revealed that three EEs reduced neuronal loss in the hippocampus. PSE exhibited superior neuroprotective and functional improvement effects compared to PE and SE, while there was no significant difference between PE and SE. Furthermore, three EEs reduced lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus with decreasing the levels of MDA and increasing the activities of SOD and GSH. The expression of SLC7A11 and GPX4 was increased, while the level of p53 was reduced in three EEs. This suggested that three EEs inhibited ferroptosis by maintaining the redox homeostasis in the hippocampus. Three EEs reduced the levels of IL-β, TNF-α, and IL-6, thereby inhibiting neuroinflammation. Additionally, Western blotting and immunofluorescence results indicated that three EEs also inhibited the TLR4/MyD88/p38MAPK signaling pathway. These findings collectively demonstrated that the three EEs alleviated hippocampal ferroptosis and neuroinflammation in CCH rats, thereby reducing neuronal loss, which might be associated with the inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/p38MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, the study results supported that it is only through the combination of physical exercise and social interaction that the optimal neuroprotective effects can be achieved. These findings provided valuable insights for the prevention and treatment of vascular cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qihang Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chizi Hao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Weijing Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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4
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Sowndharya S, Rajan KE. Environmental enrichment improves social isolation-induced memory impairment: The possible role of ITSN1-Reelin-AMPA receptor signaling pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0294354. [PMID: 38241230 PMCID: PMC10798460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental enrichment (EE) through combination of social and non-biological stimuli enhances activity-dependent synaptic plasticity and improves behavioural performance. Our earlier studies have suggested that EE resilience the stress induced depression/ anxiety-like behaviour in Indian field mice Mus booduga. This study was designed to test whether EE reverses the social isolation (SI) induced effect and improve memory. Field-caught mice M. booduga were subjected to behaviour test (Direct wild, DW), remaining animals were housed under SI for ten days and then housed for short-term at standard condition (STSC)/ long-term at standard condition (LTSC) or as group in EE cage. Subsequently, we have examined reference, working memory and expression of genes associated with synaptic plasticity. Our analysis have shown that EE reversed SI induced impairment in reference, working memory and other accompanied changes i.e. increased level of Intersectin 1 (ITSN1), Huntingtin (Htt), Synaptotagmin -IV (SYT4), variants of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf - III), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor (GluR1) expression, and decreased variants of Bdnf (IV), BDNF, Reelin, Apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2), very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), Src family tyrosine kinase (SFKs), Disabled protein (Dab)-1, Protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), GluR2, Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) expression. In addition, SI induced reduction in BDNF expressing neurons in dentate gyrus of hippocampus reversed by EE. Further, we found that SI decreases small neuro-active molecules such as Benzenedicarboxylic acid, and increases 2-Pregnene in the hippocampus and feces reversed by EE. Overall, this study demonstrated that EE is effectively reversed the SI induced memory impairment by potentially regulating the molecules associated with the ITSN1-Reelin-AMPA receptor pathway to increase synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swamynathan Sowndharya
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Koilmani Emmanuvel Rajan
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
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Lu Y, Lin Z, Li M, Zhuang Y, Nie B, Lei J, Zhao Y, Zhao H. Three-phase Enriched Environment Improves Post-stroke Gait Dysfunction via Facilitating Neuronal Plasticity in the Bilateral Sensorimotor Cortex: A Multimodal MRI/PET Analysis in Rats. Neurosci Bull 2023:10.1007/s12264-023-01155-1. [PMID: 38055107 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The three-phase Enriched Environment (EE) paradigm has been shown to promote post-stroke functional improvement, but the neuronal mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we applied a multimodal neuroimaging protocol combining magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) to examine the effects of post-ischemic EE treatment on structural and functional neuroplasticity in the bilateral sensorimotor cortex. Rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. The motor function of the rats was examined using the DigiGait test. MRI was applied to investigate the EE-induced structural modifications of the bilateral sensorimotor cortex. [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET was used to detect glucose metabolism. Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD)-functional MRI (fMRI) was used to identify the regional brain activity and functional connectivity (FC). In addition, the expression of neuroplasticity-related signaling pathways including neurotrophic factors (BDNF/CREB), axonal guidance proteins (Robo1/Slit2), and axonal growth-inhibitory proteins (NogoA/NgR) as well as downstream proteins (RhoA/ROCK) in the bilateral sensorimotor cortex were measured by Western blots. Our results showed the three-phase EE improved the walking ability. Structural T2 mapping imaging and diffusion tensor imaging demonstrated that EE benefited structure integrity in the bilateral sensorimotor cortex. PET-MRI fused images showed improved glucose metabolism in the corresponding regions after EE intervention. Specifically, the BOLD-based amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations showed that EE increased spontaneous activity in the bilateral motor cortex and ipsilateral sensory cortex. In addition, FC results showed increased sensorimotor connectivity in the ipsilateral hemisphere and increased interhemispheric motor cortical connectivity and motor cortical-thalamic connectivity following EE intervention. In addition, a strong correlation was found between increased functional connectivity and improved motor performance of limbs. Specifically, EE regulated the expression of neuroplasticity-related signaling, involving BDNF/CREB, Slit2/Robo1, as well as the axonal growth-inhibitory pathways Nogo-A/Nogo receptor and RhoA/ROCK in the bilateral sensorimotor cortex. Our results indicated that the three-phase enriched environment paradigm enhances neuronal plasticity of the bilateral sensorimotor cortex and consequently ameliorates post-stroke gait deficits. These findings might provide some new clues for the development of EE and thus facilitate the clinical translation of EE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ziyue Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Mingcong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yuming Zhuang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Binbin Nie
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianfeng Lei
- Medical Imaging Laboratory of Core Facility Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Medical Imaging Laboratory of Core Facility Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
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6
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Mansk LMZ, Jaimes LF, Dias TL, Pereira GS. Social recognition memory differences between mouse strains: On the effects of social isolation, adult neurogenesis, and environmental enrichment. Brain Res 2023; 1819:148535. [PMID: 37595660 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Remembering conspecifics is paramount for the establishment and maintenance of groups. Here we asked whether the variability in social behavior caused by different breeding strategies affects social recognition memory (SRM). We tested the hypothesis that the inbred Swiss and the outbred C57BL/6 mice behave differently on SRM. Social memory in C57BL/6 mice endured at least 14 days, while in Swiss mice lasted 24 h but not ten days. We showed previously that an enriched environment enhanced the persistence of SRM in Swiss mice. Here we reproduced this result and added that it also increases the survival of adult-born neurons in the hippocampus. Next, we tested whether prolonged SRM observed in C57BL/6 mice could be changed by diminishing the trial duration or using an interference stimulus after learning. Neither short acquisition time nor interference during consolidation affected it. However, social isolation impaired SRM in C57BL/6 mice, similar to what was previously observed in Swiss mice. Our results demonstrate that SRM expression can vary according to the mouse strain, which shows the importance of considering this variable when choosing the most suitable model to answer specific questions about this memory system. We also demonstrate the suitability of both C57BL/6 and Swiss strains for exploring the impact of environmental conditions and adult neurogenesis on social memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Z Mansk
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Laura F Jaimes
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thomaz L Dias
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Grace S Pereira
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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7
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Wei MD, Huang YY, Zeng Y, Lan YX, Lu K, Wang Y, Chen WY. Homocysteine Modulates Social Isolation-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors Through BDNF in Aged Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:4924-4934. [PMID: 37198386 PMCID: PMC10191402 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03377-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Social isolation is an unpleasant experience associated with an increased risk of mental disorders. Exploring whether these experiences affect behaviors in aged people is particularly important, as the elderly is very likely to suffer from periods of social isolation during their late-life. In this study, we analyzed the depressive-like behaviors, plasma concentrations of homocysteine (Hcy), and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) levels in aged mice undergoing social isolation. Results showed that depressive-like behavioral performance and decreased BDNF level were correlated with increased Hcy levels that were detected in 2-month isolated mice. Elevated Hcy induced by high methionine diet mimicked the depressive-like behaviors and BDNF downregulation in the same manner as social isolation, while administration of vitamin B complex supplements to reduce Hcy alleviated the depressive-like behaviors and BDNF reduction in socially isolated mice. Altogether, our results indicated that Hcy played a critical role in social isolation-induced depressive-like behaviors and BDNF reduction, suggesting the possibility of Hcy as a potential therapeutic target and vitamin B intake as a potential value in the prevention of stress-induced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Dan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ya-Yan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan-Xian Lan
- Department of Pharmacy, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Kun Lu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedic, Zhengzhou Orthopaedics Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
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8
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Popović N, Baño-Otalora B, Rol MÁ, Venero C, Madrid JA, Popović M. Effects of long-term individual housing of middle-aged female Octodon degus on spatial learning and memory in the Barnes maze task. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1221090. [PMID: 37600762 PMCID: PMC10435294 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1221090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prolonged social isolation is a form of passive chronic stress that has consequences on human and animal behavior. The present study was undertaken to elucidate whether the long-term isolation would precipitate age-related changes in anxiety and spatial learning and memory in degus. Methods We investigated the effects of long-term social isolation on anxiety levels in the light-dark test, and spatial orientation abilities in the Barnes maze. Middle-aged female Octodon degus were allocated to either group-housed (3 animals per cage) or individually-housed for 5 months. Results Under this experimental condition, there were no significant group differences in the anxiety level tested in the light-dark test and in the motivation to escape from the Barnes maze. There were no significant differences in cortisol levels between individually- and group-housed animals. On the last acquisition training day of spatial learning, individually- housed animals had a significantly higher number of correct responses and a smaller number of reference and working memory errors than the group-housed animals. In addition, isolated animals showed a tendency for reference and working memory impairment on the retention trial, while group-housed degus showed improvement in these parameters. Discussion and conclusion The present study indicates that prolonged social isolation during adulthood in female degus has a dual effect on spatial orientation. Specifically, it results in a significant improvement in acquisition skills but a slight impairment in memory retention. The obtained cognitive changes were not accompanied by modification in anxiety and cortisol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalija Popović
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Baño-Otalora
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Envejecimiento, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Rol
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Envejecimiento, Murcia, Spain
- Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Madrid, Spain
| | - César Venero
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Mixto de Investigación–Escuela Nacional de Sanidad, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Madrid
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Envejecimiento, Murcia, Spain
- Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miroljub Popović
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Jia P, Wang J, Ren X, He J, Wang S, Xing Y, Chen D, Zhang X, Zhou S, Liu X, Yu S, Li Z, Jiang C, Zang W, Chen X, Wang J. An enriched environment improves long-term functional outcomes in mice after intracerebral hemorrhage by mechanisms that involve the Nrf2/BDNF/glutaminase pathway. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:694-711. [PMID: 36635875 PMCID: PMC10108193 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221135419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression exacerbates neurologic deficits and quality of life. Depression after ischemic stroke is known to some extent. However, depression after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is relatively unknown. Increasing evidence shows that exposure to an enriched environment (EE) after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury has neuroprotective effects in animal models, but its impact after ICH is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of EE on long-term functional outcomes in mice subjected to collagenase-induced striatal ICH. Mice were subjected to ICH with the standard environment (SE) or ICH with EE for 6 h/day (8:00 am-2:00 pm). Depressive, anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive tests were evaluated on day 28 with the sucrose preference test, tail suspension test, forced swim test, light-dark transition experiment, morris water maze, and novel object recognition test. Exposure to EE improved neurologic function, attenuated depressive and anxiety-like behaviors, and promoted spatial learning and memory. These changes were associated with increased expression of transcription factor Nrf2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inhibited glutaminase activity in the perihematomal tissue. However, EE did not change the above behavioral outcomes in Nrf2-/- mice on day 28. Furthermore, exposure to EE did not increase BDNF expression compared to exposure to SE in Nrf2-/- mice on day 28 after ICH. These findings indicate that EE improves long-term outcomes in sensorimotor, emotional, and cognitive behavior after ICH and that the underlying mechanism involves the Nrf2/BDNF/glutaminase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Jia
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences,
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiuhua Ren
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinxin He
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaoshuai Wang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yinpei Xing
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Danyang Chen
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinling Zhang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siqi Zhou
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Neurology,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou,
China
| | - Shangchen Yu
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zefu Li
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Neurology,
The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou,
China
| | - Weidong Zang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anatomy,
School of Basic Medical Sciences, , Zhengzhou
University, Zhengzhou, China
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10
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The Molecular Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:7095-7118. [PMID: 36083518 PMCID: PMC9616781 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03016-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Environmental enrichment (EE) is an environmental paradigm encompassing sensory, cognitive, and physical stimulation at a heightened level. Previous studies have reported the beneficial effects of EE in the brain, particularly in the hippocampus. EE improves cognitive function as well as ameliorates depressive and anxiety-like behaviors, making it a potentially effective neuroprotective strategy against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we summarize the current evidence for EE as a neuroprotective strategy as well as the potential molecular pathways that can explain the effects of EE from a biochemical perspective using animal models. The effectiveness of EE in enhancing brain activity against neurodegeneration is explored with a view to differences present in early and late life EE exposure, with its potential application in human being discussed. We discuss EE as one of the non pharmacological approaches in preventing or delaying the onset of AD for future research.
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Ni MZ, Zhang YM, Li Y, Wu QT, Zhang ZZ, Chen J, Luo BL, Li XW, Chen GH. Environmental enrichment improves declined cognition induced by prenatal inflammatory exposure in aged CD-1 mice: Role of NGPF2 and PSD-95. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1021237. [PMID: 36479357 PMCID: PMC9720164 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1021237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research suggests that prenatal inflammatory exposure could accelerate age-related cognitive decline that may be resulted from neuroinflammation and synaptic dysfunction during aging. Environmental enrichment (EE) may mitigate the cognitive and synaptic deficits. Neurite growth-promoting factor 2 (NGPF2) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) play critical roles in neuroinflammation and synaptic function, respectively. METHODS We examined whether this adversity and EE exposure can cause alterations in Ngpf2 and Psd-95 expression. In this study, CD-1 mice received intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (50 μg/kg) or normal saline from gestational days 15-17. After weaning, half of the male offspring under each treatment were exposed to EE. The Morris water maze was used to assess spatial learning and memory at 3 and 15 months of age, whereas quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to measure hippocampal mRNA and protein levels of NGPF2 and PSD-95, respectively. Meanwhile, serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The results showed that aged mice exhibited poor spatial learning and memory ability, elevated NGPF2 mRNA and protein levels, and decreased PSD-95 mRNA and protein levels relative to their young counterparts during natural aging. Embryonic inflammatory exposure accelerated age-related changes in spatial cognition, and in Ngpf2 and Psd-95 expression. Additionally, the levels of Ngpf2 and Psd-95 products were significantly positively and negatively correlated with cognitive dysfunction, respectively, particularly in prenatal inflammation-exposed aged mice. Changes in serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α reflective of systemic inflammation and their correlation with cognitive decline during accelerated aging were similar to those of hippocampal NGPF2. EE exposure could partially restore the accelerated decline in age-related cognitive function and in Psd-95 expression, especially in aged mice. DISCUSSION Overall, the aggravated cognitive disabilities in aged mice may be related to the alterations in Ngpf2 and Psd-95 expression and in systemic state of inflammation due to prenatal inflammatory exposure, and long-term EE exposure may ameliorate this cognitive impairment by upregulating Psd-95 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Ni
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue-Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi-Tao Wu
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhe-Zhe Zhang
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bao-Ling Luo
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Gui-Hai Chen
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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12
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Zhou HY, Huai YP, Jin X, Yan P, Tang XJ, Wang JY, Shi N, Niu M, Meng ZX, Wang X. An enriched environment reduces hippocampal inflammatory response and improves cognitive function in a mouse model of stroke. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:2497-2503. [PMID: 35535902 PMCID: PMC9120675 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.338999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
An enriched environment is used as a behavioral intervention therapy that applies sensory, motor, and social stimulation, and has been used in basic and clinical research of various neurological diseases. In this study, we established mouse models of photothrombotic stroke and, 24 hours later, raised them in a standard, enriched, or isolated environment for 4 weeks. Compared with the mice raised in a standard environment, the cognitive function of mice raised in an enriched environment was better and the pathological damage in the hippocampal CA1 region was remarkably alleviated. Furthermore, protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6, nuclear factor κB p65, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor α, and the mRNA expression level of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 were greatly lower, while the expression level of miR-146a-5p was higher. Compared with the mice raised in a standard environment, changes in these indices in mice raised in an isolated environment were opposite to mice raised in an enriched environment. These findings suggest that different living environments affect the hippocampal inflammatory response and cognitive function in a mouse model of stroke. An enriched environment can improve cognitive function following stroke through up-regulation of miR-146a-5p expression and a reduction in the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University (Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University), Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ya-Ping Huai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xing Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University (Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University), Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping Yan
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jia Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University (Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University), Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun-Ya Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University (Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University), Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Nan Shi
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng Niu
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Meng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University (Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University), Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University (Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University), Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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13
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de Sousa Fernandes MS, Santos GCJ, Filgueira TO, Gomes DA, Barbosa EAS, dos Santos TM, Câmara NOS, Castoldi A, Souto FO. Cytokines and Immune Cells Profile in Different Tissues of Rodents Induced by Environmental Enrichment: Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911986. [PMID: 36233282 PMCID: PMC9570198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental Enrichment (EE) is based on the promotion of socio-environmental stimuli, which mimic favorable environmental conditions for the practice of physical activity and health. The objective of the present systematic review was to evaluate the influence of EE on pro-and anti-inflammatory immune parameters, but also in cell activation related to the innate and acquired immune responses in the brain and peripheral tissues in rodents. Three databases [PubMed (2209 articles), Scopus (1154 articles), and Science Direct (1040 articles)] were researched. After applying the eligibility criteria, articles were selected for peer review, independently, as they were identified by September 2021. The protocol for this systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO. Of the 4417 articles found, 16 were selected for this systematic review. In the brain, EE promoted a reduction in proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In the blood, EE promoted a higher percentage of leukocytes, an increase in CD19+ B lymphocytes, and the proliferation of Natura Killer (NK cells). In the bone marrow, there was an increase in the number of CD27- and CD11b+ mature NK cells and a reduction in CD27- and CD11b+ immature Natural Killer cells. In conclusion, EE can be an immune modulation approach and plays a key role in the prevention of numerous chronic diseases, including cancer, that have a pro-inflammatory response and immunosuppressive condition as part of their pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Centro de Ciências da Médicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-600, Brazil
- Faculdade de Comunicação Turismo e Tecnologia de Olinda, Olinda 53030-010, Brazil
| | | | - Tayrine Ordonio Filgueira
- Instituto Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-600, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-600, Brazil
| | - Dayane Aparecida Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Centro de Ciências da Médicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-600, Brazil
| | | | - Tony Meireles dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Centro de Ciências da Médicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-600, Brazil
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-600, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Instituto Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-600, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-600, Brazil
- Núcleo de Ciências da Vida-NCV, Centro Acadêmico do Agreste—CAA, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Caruaru 55014-900, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Oliveira Souto
- Instituto Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-600, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-600, Brazil
- Núcleo de Ciências da Vida-NCV, Centro Acadêmico do Agreste—CAA, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Caruaru 55014-900, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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14
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Wang Z, Zhang Y, Feng W, Pang Y, Chen S, Ding S, Chen Y, Sheng C, Marshall C, Shi J, Xiao M. Miconazole Promotes Cooperative Ability of a Mouse Model of Alzheimer Disease. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 25:951-967. [PMID: 36112386 PMCID: PMC9670758 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cooperative defect is 1 of the earliest manifestations of disease patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) exhibit, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. METHODS We evaluated the cooperative function of APP/PS1 transgenic AD model mice at ages 2, 5, and 8 months by using a cooperative drinking task. We examined neuropathologic changes in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Another experiment was designed to observe whether miconazole, which has a repairing effect on myelin sheath, could promote the cooperative ability of APP/PS1 mice in the early AD-like stage. We also investigated the protective effects of miconazole on cultured mouse cortical oligodendrocytes exposed to human amyloid β peptide (Aβ1-42). RESULTS We observed an age-dependent impairment of cooperative water drinking behavior in APP/PS1 mice. The AD mice with cooperative dysfunction showed decreases in myelin sheath thickness, oligodendrocyte nuclear heterochromatin percentage, and myelin basic protein expression levels in the mPFC. The cooperative ability was significantly improved in APP/PS1 mice treated with miconazole. Miconazole treatment increased oligodendrocyte maturation and myelin sheath thickness without reducing Aβ plaque deposition, reactive gliosis, and inflammatory factor levels in the mPFC. Miconazole also protected cultured oligodendrocytes from the toxicity of Aβ1-42. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that mPFC hypomyelination is involved in the cooperative deficits of APP/PS1 mice. Improving myelination through miconazole therapy may offer a potential therapeutic approach for early intervention in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weixi Feng
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Brain Institute, the Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingting Pang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Brain Institute, the Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sijia Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Brain Institute, the Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shixin Ding
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Brain Institute, the Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Brain Institute, the Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengyu Sheng
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Charles Marshall
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Kentucky Center of Excellence in Rural Health, Hazard, USA
| | - Jingping Shi
- Brain Institute, the Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Xiao
- Correspondence: Ming Xiao, MD, PhD, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Ave, Nanjing 211166, China ()
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15
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Long-Term Environmental Enrichment Relieves Dysfunctional Cognition and Synaptic Protein Levels Induced by Prenatal Inflammation in Older CD-1 Mice. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:1483101. [PMID: 35574247 PMCID: PMC9106518 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1483101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A mounting body of evidence suggests that prenatal inflammation may enhance the rate of age-associated cognitive decline and may involve aberrant amounts of synaptic proteins in the hippocampus, including synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1) and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc). However, little is known about the specific impact of adolescent environmental enrichment (EE) on age-associated cognitive decline and the changes in synaptic proteins caused by prenatal inflammation. In this study, CD-1 mice in late pregnancy were given intraperitoneal doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 50 μg/kg) or normal saline. Offspring arising from LPS dams were divided into a LPS group and a LPS plus EE (LPS-E) group. The LPS-E mice were exposed to EE from 2 months of age until the end of the experiment (3 or 15 months old). The Morris water maze (MWM) was used to assess the spatial learning and memory capacities of experimental mice, while western blotting and RNA-scope were used to determine the expression levels of Arc and Syt1 in the hippocampus at the protein and mRNA levels, respectively. Analysis revealed that at 15 months of age, the control mice experienced a reduction in cognitive ability and elevated expression levels of Arc and Syt1 genes when compared to control mice at 3 months of age. The LPS-E group exhibited better cognition and lower protein and mRNA levels of Arc and Syt1 than mice in the LPS group of the same age. However, the enriched environment mitigated but did not counteract, the effects of prenatal inflammation on cognitive and synaptic proteins when tested at either 3 or 15 months of age. Our findings revealed that long-term environmental enrichment improved the expression levels of synaptic proteins in CD-1 mice and that this effect was linked to the dysfunctional cognition caused by prenatal inflammation; this process may also be involved in the reduction of hippocampal Arc and Syt1 gene expression.
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16
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Rubio Arzola P, Shansky RM. Considering Organismal Physiology in Laboratory Studies of Rodent Behavior. Annu Rev Neurosci 2022; 45:387-402. [PMID: 35395164 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-111020-085500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Any experiment conducted in a rodent laboratory is done so against the backdrop of each animal's physiological state at the time of the experiment. This physiological state can be the product of multiple factors, both internal (e.g., animal sex, strain, hormone cycles, or circadian rhythms) and external (e.g., housing conditions, social status, and light/dark phases). Each of these factors has the potential to influence experimental outcomes, either independently or via interactions with others, and yet there is little consistency across laboratories in terms of the weight with which they are considered in experimental design. Such discrepancies-both in practice and in reporting-likely contribute to the perception of a reproducibility crisis in the field of behavioral neuroscience. In this review, we discuss how several of these sources of variability can impact outcomes within the realm of common learning and memory paradigms. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Neuroscience, Volume 45 is July 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca M Shansky
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
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17
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Voluntary Wheel Running in Old C57BL/6 Mice Reduces Age-Related Inflammation in the Colon but Not in the Brain. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030566. [PMID: 35159375 PMCID: PMC8834481 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is considered a possible cause of cognitive decline during aging. This study investigates the influence of physical activity and social isolation in old mice on their cognitive functions and inflammation. The Barnes maze task was performed to assess spatial learning and memory in 3, 9, 15, 24, and 28 months old male C57BL/6 mice as well as following voluntary wheel running (VWR) and social isolation (SI) in 20 months old mice. Inflammatory gene expression was analyzed in hippocampal and colonic samples by qPCR. Cognitive decline occurs in mice between 15 and 24 months of age. VWR improved cognitive functions while SI had negative effects. Expression of inflammatory markers changed during aging in the hippocampus (Il1a/Il6/S100b/Iba1/Adgre1/Cd68/Itgam) and colon (Tnf/Il6/Il1ra/P2rx7). VWR attenuates inflammaging specifically in the colon (Ifng/Il10/Ccl2/S100b/Iba1), while SI regulates intestinal Il1b and Gfap. Inflammatory markers in the hippocampus were not altered following VWR and SI. The main finding of our study is that both the hippocampus and colon exhibit an increase in inflammatory markers during aging, and that voluntary wheel running in old age exclusively attenuates intestinal inflammation. Based on the existence of the gut-brain axis, our results extend therapeutic approaches preserving cognitive functions in the elderly to the colon.
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18
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Mormino A, Bernardini G, Cocozza G, Corbi N, Passananti C, Santoni A, Limatola C, Garofalo S. Enriched Environment Cues Suggest a New Strategy to Counteract Glioma: Engineered rAAV2-IL-15 Microglia Modulate the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:730128. [PMID: 34552593 PMCID: PMC8450436 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.730128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several types of cancer grow differently depending on the environmental stimuli they receive. In glioma, exposure to an enriched environment (EE) increases the overall survival rate of tumor-bearing mice, acting on the cells that participate to define the tumor microenvironment. In particular, environmental cues increase the microglial production of interleukin (IL)-15 which promotes a pro-inflammatory (antitumor) phenotype of microglia and the cytotoxic activity of natural killer (NK) cells, counteracting glioma growth, thus representing a virtuous mechanism of interaction between NK cells and microglia. To mimic the effect of EE on glioma, we investigated the potential of creating engineered microglia as the source of IL-15 in glioma. We demonstrated that microglia modified with recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (rAAV2) carrying IL-15 (rAAV2-IL-15), to force the production of IL-15, are able to increase the NK cells viability in coculture. Furthermore, the intranasal delivery of rAAV2-IL-15 microglia triggered the interplay with NK cells in vivo, enhancing NK cell recruitment and pro-inflammatory microglial phenotype in tumor mass of glioma-bearing mice, and ultimately counteracted tumor growth. This approach has a high potential for clinical translatability, highlighting the therapeutic efficacy of forced IL-15 production in microglia: the delivery of engineered rAAV2-IL-15 microglia to boost the immune response paves the way to design a new perspective therapy for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mormino
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Cocozza
- Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Corbi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Passananti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Garofalo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Sullens DG, Gilley K, Jensen K, Vichaya E, Dolan SL, Sekeres MJ. Social isolation induces hyperactivity and exploration in aged female mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245355. [PMID: 33534853 PMCID: PMC7857591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged social isolation is associated with poor physical and mental health outcomes, findings observed in both humans, and rodent models of isolation. Humans, like mice, may engage in enhanced exploratory and social behaviour following isolation, which may protect against subsequent cognitive decline and psychological distress. Understanding how these effects may impact behaviour in older adults is particularly relevant, as this population is likely to experience periods of late-life social isolation. We report that late-life social isolation in female mice did not lead to robust depressive-like symptomology, altered social interaction behaviour, sensitivity to context fear acquisition and memory, or alterations in inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, Tnf-α) or microglial activation (Itgam) within the hippocampus. Rather, isolation increased hyperactivity and exploration behaviours. These findings have translational value as the first female mouse model of late-life social isolation, and provide evidence to inform the development of interventions aimed at promoting functional recovery following isolation in late-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Gregory Sullens
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kayla Gilley
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kendall Jensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America
| | - Elisabeth Vichaya
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sara L. Dolan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America
| | - Melanie J. Sekeres
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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20
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McQuail JA, Dunn AR, Stern Y, Barnes CA, Kempermann G, Rapp PR, Kaczorowski CC, Foster TC. Cognitive Reserve in Model Systems for Mechanistic Discovery: The Importance of Longitudinal Studies. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:607685. [PMID: 33551788 PMCID: PMC7859530 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.607685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this review article is to provide a resource for longitudinal studies, using animal models, directed at understanding and modifying the relationship between cognition and brain structure and function throughout life. We propose that forthcoming longitudinal studies will build upon a wealth of knowledge gleaned from prior cross-sectional designs to identify early predictors of variability in cognitive function during aging, and characterize fundamental neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the vulnerability to, and the trajectory of, cognitive decline. Finally, we present examples of biological measures that may differentiate mechanisms of the cognitive reserve at the molecular, cellular, and network level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A McQuail
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Amy R Dunn
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Carol A Barnes
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Gerd Kempermann
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers (HZ), Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter R Rapp
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Neurocognitive Aging Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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21
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Willey JS, Britten RA, Blaber E, Tahimic CG, Chancellor J, Mortreux M, Sanford LD, Kubik AJ, Delp MD, Mao XW. The individual and combined effects of spaceflight radiation and microgravity on biologic systems and functional outcomes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2021; 39:129-179. [PMID: 33902391 PMCID: PMC8274610 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2021.1885283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Both microgravity and radiation exposure in the spaceflight environment have been identified as hazards to astronaut health and performance. Substantial study has been focused on understanding the biology and risks associated with prolonged exposure to microgravity, and the hazards presented by radiation from galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and solar particle events (SPEs) outside of low earth orbit (LEO). To date, the majority of the ground-based analogues (e.g., rodent or cell culture studies) that investigate the biology of and risks associated with spaceflight hazards will focus on an individual hazard in isolation. However, astronauts will face these challenges simultaneously Combined hazard studies are necessary for understanding the risks astronauts face as they travel outside of LEO, and are also critical for countermeasure development. The focus of this review is to describe biologic and functional outcomes from ground-based analogue models for microgravity and radiation, specifically highlighting the combined effects of radiation and reduced weight-bearing from rodent ground-based tail suspension via hind limb unloading (HLU) and partial weight-bearing (PWB) models, although in vitro and spaceflight results are discussed as appropriate. The review focuses on the skeletal, ocular, central nervous system (CNS), cardiovascular, and stem cells responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizabeth Blaber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
| | | | | | - Marie Mortreux
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
| | - Larry D. Sanford
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eastern Virginia Medical School
| | - Angela J. Kubik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
| | - Michael D. Delp
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University
| | - Xiao Wen Mao
- Division of Biomedical Engineering Sciences (BMES), Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University
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22
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Muscat SM, Barrientos RM. Lifestyle modifications with anti-neuroinflammatory benefits in the aging population. Exp Gerontol 2020; 142:111144. [PMID: 33152515 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Aging-associated microglial priming results in the potential for an exaggerated neuroinflammatory response to a subsequent inflammatory challenge in regions of the brain known to support learning and memory. This excessive neuroinflammation in the aging brain is known to occur following a variety of peripheral insults, including infection and surgery, where it has been associated with precipitous declines in cognition and memory. As the average lifespan increases worldwide, identifying interventions to prevent and treat aging-associated excessive neuroinflammation and ensuing cognitive impairments is of critical importance. Lifestyle has emerged as a potential non-pharmacological target in this endeavor. Here, we review important and recent preclinical and clinical literature demonstrating the anti-inflammatory effects of lifestyle modifications such as exercise, diet, and environmental enrichment in the context of aging and memory. Importantly, we focus on research indicating that these lifestyle modifications do not need to be lifelong, suggesting that such interventions may be efficacious in the prevention and treatment of aging- and neuroinflammation-associated cognitive impairment, even when initiated in older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Muscat
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ruth M Barrientos
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Chronic Brain Injury Program, Discovery Themes Initiative, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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23
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Silva BA, Miglietta EA, Ferrari CC. Training the brain: could it improve multiple sclerosis treatment? Rev Neurosci 2020; 31:779-792. [PMID: 32712593 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2020-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease characterized by neuroinflammation, demyelination and axonal degeneration along with loss of function in the central nervous system. For many years, research in MS has focused on the efficacy of pharmacological treatments. However, during the last years, many publications have been dedicated to the study of the efficacy of non-pharmacological strategies, such as physical exercise and cognitive training. Beneficial effects of the combination of both strategies on cognitive function have been described in both ageing adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases, such as MS. The analysis of combining both physical and cognitive stimulation can be summarized by the environmental enrichment (EE) experiments, which are more suitable for animal models. EE refers to housing conditions consisting of exercise and cognitive and social stimulation. In this review, we will summarize the available studies that describe the influence of EE in both MS patients and MS animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berenice Anabel Silva
- Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB)-CONICET, Potosí 4240, Buenos Aires, C1181ACH, Argentina.,Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations, IIBBA-CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, C1405BWE, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esteban Alberto Miglietta
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations, IIBBA-CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, C1405BWE, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina Cintia Ferrari
- Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB)-CONICET, Potosí 4240, Buenos Aires, C1181ACH, Argentina.,Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations, IIBBA-CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, C1405BWE, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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24
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Hong S, Huang H, Yang M, Wu H, Wang L. Enriched Environment Decreases Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Rats With Prenatal Mobile Phone Exposure. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:162. [PMID: 32581772 PMCID: PMC7287020 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mobile phone use has rapidly increased worldwide, and pregnant women are passively or actively exposed to the associated electromagnetic radiation. Maternal cell phone exposure is related to behavioral difficulties in young offspring. However, whether prenatal mobile phone exposure can predispose the elderly offspring to cognitive impairment is unclear. The enriched environment (EE) has shown positive effects on cognition in an immature brain, but its impact on aging offspring after prenatal cell phone exposure is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether prenatal exposure to mobile phone exerts long-term effects on cognition in elderly rat offspring and whether EE during adulthood can rescue cognitive impairment by altering the synaptic plasticity. Pregnant rats were subjected to prenatal short-term or long-term cell phone exposure and offspring rats were randomly assigned to standard or EE. Spatial learning and memory were investigated using Morris water maze (MWM) in elderly rat offspring. Hippocampal cellular morphology was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and synaptic ultrastructure was evaluated with transmission electron microscopy. Expression of synaptophysin (SYN), postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were detected by western blot. The results demonstrated that prenatal long-term but not short-term exposure to mobile phone lead to cognitive impairment, morphological changes in the hippocampal cells, reduced synaptic number, decreased SYN, PSD-95, and BDNF expression in elderly offspring, which were alleviated by postnatal EE housing. These findings suggest that prenatal long-term mobile phone exposure may pose life-long adverse effects on elderly offspring and impair cognition by disrupting the synaptic plasticity, which may be reversed by postnatal EE housing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyan Hong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Honghong Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Meili Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Haining Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Lingxing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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25
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Febo M, Rani A, Yegla B, Barter J, Kumar A, Wolff CA, Esser K, Foster TC. Longitudinal Characterization and Biomarkers of Age and Sex Differences in the Decline of Spatial Memory. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:34. [PMID: 32153384 PMCID: PMC7044155 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The current longitudinal study examined factors (sex, physical function, response to novelty, ability to adapt to a shift in light/dark cycle, brain connectivity), which might predict the emergence of impaired memory during aging. Male and female Fisher 344 rats were tested at 6, 12, and 18 months of age. Impaired spatial memory developed in middle-age (12 months), particularly in males, and the propensity for impairment increased with advanced age. A reduced response to novelty was observed over the course of aging, which is inconsistent with cross-sectional studies. This divergence likely resulted from differences in the history of environmental enrichment/impoverishment for cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Animals that exhibited lower level exploration of the inner region on the open field test exhibited better memory at 12 months. Furthermore, males that exhibited a longer latency to enter a novel environment at 6 months, exhibited better memory at 12 months. For females, memory at 12 months was correlated with the ability to behaviorally adapt to a shift in light/dark cycle. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, conducted at 12 months, indicated that the decline in memory was associated with altered functional connectivity within different memory systems, most notably between the hippocampus and multiple regions such as the retrosplenial cortex, thalamus, striatum, and amygdala. Overall, some factors, specifically response to novelty at an early age and the capacity to adapt to shifts in light cycle, predicted spatial memory in middle-age, and spatial memory is associated with corresponding changes in brain connectivity. We discuss similarities and differences related to previous longitudinal and cross-sectional studies, as well as the role of sex differences in providing a theoretical framework to guide future longitudinal research on the trajectory of cognitive decline. In addition to demonstrating the power of longitudinal studies, these data highlight the importance of middle-age for identifying potential predictive indicators of sexual dimorphism in the trajectory in brain and cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Febo
- Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Asha Rani
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Brittney Yegla
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jolie Barter
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Christopher A Wolff
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Karyn Esser
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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26
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Writers and Readers of DNA Methylation/Hydroxymethylation in Physiological Aging and Its Impact on Cognitive Function. Neural Plast 2019; 2019:5982625. [PMID: 31396272 PMCID: PMC6664507 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5982625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromatin landscape has acquired deep attention from several fields ranging from cell biology to neurological and psychiatric diseases. The role that DNA modifications have on gene expression regulation has become apparent in several physiological processes, and numerous efforts have been performed to establish a relationship between DNA modifications and physiological conditions, such as cognitive performance and aging. DNA modifications are incorporated by specific sets of enzymes-the writers-and the modified DNA-interacting partners-the readers-are ultimately responsible for maintaining a functional epigenetic landscape. Therefore, understanding how these epigenetic mediators-writers and readers-are modulated in physiological aging will contribute to unraveling how aging-associated neuronal disturbances arise and contribute to the cognitive decline associated with this period of life. In this review, we focused on DNA modifications, writers and readers, highlighting that despite some methodological disparities, the evidence suggests a critical role for epigenetic mediators in the aging-associated neuronal dysfunction.
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27
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Giacobbo BL, de Freitas BS, Vedovelli K, Schlemmer LM, Pires VN, Antoniazzi V, Santos CDSD, Paludo L, Borges JV, de Lima DB, Schröder N, de Vries EFJ, Bromberg E. Long-term environmental modifications affect BDNF concentrations in rat hippocampus, but not in serum. Behav Brain Res 2019; 372:111965. [PMID: 31125621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.111965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The role of mBDNF on the beneficial effects of cognitive stimulation on the brain remains controversial, as well as the potential of peripheral mBDNF as a biomarker of environmental effects on its central status. We investigated the effect of different environmental conditions on recognition memory, proBDNF, mBDNF and synaptophysin levels in the hippocampus, and on mBDNF levels in blood. Male Wistar rats (6 and 17 months-old) were assigned to cognitively enriched (EE), standard (SE) and impoverished (IE) environmental conditions for twelve weeks. Novel object recognition was performed at week 10. When the animals were 9 and 20-months old, hippocampus was collected for mBDNF, proBDNF and synaptophysin analysis; serum was analyzed for mBDNF levels. The cognitively EE improved recognition memory, resulted in a trend to increased hippocampal mBDNF and augmented synaptophysin levels. Accordingly, hippocampal mBDNF, proBDNF and synaptophysin were significantly higher in EE than IE animals. Hippocampal mBDNF was positively correlated to proBDNF, cellular and behavioral plasticity markers. No effect of age was seen on the studied variables. Moreover, no significant effects of EE or IE on serum mBDNF were observed. Serum mBDNF also failed to correlate with hippocampal mBDNF, proBDNF and with the cellular and behavioral plasticity markers. These findings indicate that mBDNF is involved in neuronal and behavioral plasticity mechanisms induced by cognitively enriched environments, and that peripheral mBDNF may not always be a reliable biomarker of the effects of environmental settings on central mBDNF and plasticity, which is of special interest from a translational research perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lima Giacobbo
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 31.001, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Betânia Souza de Freitas
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Kelem Vedovelli
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6690, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lívia Machado Schlemmer
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vivian Naziaseno Pires
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Antoniazzi
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristophod de Souza Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leticia Paludo
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliano Viana Borges
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daiane Borba de Lima
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nadja Schröder
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 31.001, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Laboratory of Biology and Development of the Nervous System, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ipiranga Av. 6690, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil.
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