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Sabotič J, Bayram E, Ezra D, Gaudêncio SP, Haznedaroğlu BZ, Janež N, Ktari L, Luganini A, Mandalakis M, Safarik I, Simes D, Strode E, Toruńska-Sitarz A, Varamogianni-Mamatsi D, Varese GC, Vasquez MI. A guide to the use of bioassays in exploration of natural resources. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 71:108307. [PMID: 38185432 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Bioassays are the main tool to decipher bioactivities from natural resources thus their selection and quality are critical for optimal bioprospecting. They are used both in the early stages of compounds isolation/purification/identification, and in later stages to evaluate their safety and efficacy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the most common bioassays used in the discovery and development of new bioactive compounds with a focus on marine bioresources. We present a comprehensive list of practical considerations for selecting appropriate bioassays and discuss in detail the bioassays typically used to explore antimicrobial, antibiofilm, cytotoxic, antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-ageing potential. The concept of quality control and bioassay validation are introduced, followed by safety considerations, which are critical to advancing bioactive compounds to a higher stage of development. We conclude by providing an application-oriented view focused on the development of pharmaceuticals, food supplements, and cosmetics, the industrial pipelines where currently known marine natural products hold most potential. We highlight the importance of gaining reliable bioassay results, as these serve as a starting point for application-based development and further testing, as well as for consideration by regulatory authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerica Sabotič
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Engin Bayram
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - David Ezra
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Institute, P.O.Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel
| | - Susana P Gaudêncio
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Biomolecular Sciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, Blue Biotechnology & Biomedicine Lab, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Berat Z Haznedaroğlu
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Nika Janež
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Leila Ktari
- B3Aqua Laboratory, National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technologies, Carthage University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anna Luganini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Manolis Mandalakis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ivo Safarik
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Biology Centre, ISBB, CAS, Na Sadkach 7, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dina Simes
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; 2GenoGla Diagnostics, Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Evita Strode
- Latvian Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Agency of Daugavpils University, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Anna Toruńska-Sitarz
- Department of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Despoina Varamogianni-Mamatsi
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Marlen I Vasquez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
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Krasnov VP, Andronova VL, Belyavsky AV, Borisevich SS, Galegov GA, Kandarakov OF, Gruzdev DA, Vozdvizhenskaya OA, Levit GL. Large Subunit of the Human Herpes Simplex Virus Terminase as a Promising Target in Design of Anti-Herpesvirus Agents. Molecules 2023; 28:7375. [PMID: 37959793 PMCID: PMC10649544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is an extremely widespread pathogen characterized by recurrent infections. HSV-1 most commonly causes painful blisters or sores around the mouth or on the genitals, but it can also cause keratitis or, rarely, encephalitis. First-line and second-line antiviral drugs used to treat HSV infections, acyclovir and related compounds, as well as foscarnet and cidofovir, selectively inhibit herpesvirus DNA polymerase (DNA-pol). It has been previously found that (S)-4-[6-(purin-6-yl)aminohexanoyl]-7,8-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-2H-[1,4]benzoxazine (compound 1) exhibits selective anti-herpesvirus activity against HSV-1 in cell culture, including acyclovir-resistant mutants, so we consider it as a lead compound. In this work, the selection of HSV-1 clones resistant to the lead compound was carried out. High-throughput sequencing of resistant clones and reference HSV-1/L2 parent strain was performed to identify the genetic determinants of the virus's resistance to the lead compound. We identified a candidate mutation presumably associated with resistance to the virus, namely the T321I mutation in the UL15 gene encoding the large terminase subunit. Molecular modeling was used to evaluate the affinity and dynamics of the lead compound binding to the putative terminase binding site. The results obtained suggest that the lead compound, by binding to pUL15, affects the terminase complex. pUL15, which is directly involved in the processing and packaging of viral DNA, is one of the crucial components of the HSV terminase complex. The loss of its functional activity leads to disruption of the formation of mature virions, so it represents a promising drug target. The discovery of anti-herpesvirus agents that affect biotargets other than DNA polymerase will expand our possibilities of targeting HSV infections, including those resistant to baseline drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor P. Krasnov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (D.A.G.); (O.A.V.); (G.L.L.)
| | - Valeriya L. Andronova
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia; (V.L.A.); (G.A.G.)
| | - Alexander V. Belyavsky
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.V.B.); (O.F.K.)
| | | | - George A. Galegov
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 123098, Russia; (V.L.A.); (G.A.G.)
| | - Oleg F. Kandarakov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.V.B.); (O.F.K.)
| | - Dmitry A. Gruzdev
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (D.A.G.); (O.A.V.); (G.L.L.)
| | - Olga A. Vozdvizhenskaya
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (D.A.G.); (O.A.V.); (G.L.L.)
| | - Galina L. Levit
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), Ekaterinburg 620108, Russia; (D.A.G.); (O.A.V.); (G.L.L.)
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Krzyzowska M, Janicka M, Chodkowski M, Patrycy M, Obuch-Woszczatyńska O, Tomaszewska E, Ranoszek-Soliwoda K, Celichowski G, Grobelny J. Epigallocatechin Gallate-Modified Silver Nanoparticles Show Antiviral Activity against Herpes Simplex Type 1 and 2. Viruses 2023; 15:2024. [PMID: 37896801 PMCID: PMC10611064 DOI: 10.3390/v15102024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has been recognized as a flavonoid showing antiviral activity against various types of DNA and RNA viruses. In this work, we tested if EGCG-modified silver nanoparticles (EGCG-AgNPs) can become novel microbicides with additional adjuvant properties to treat herpes infections. (2) Methods: The anti-HSV and cytotoxic activities of EGCG-AgNPs were tested in human HaCaT and VK-2-E6/E7 keratinocytes. HSV-1/2 titers and immune responses after treatment with EGCG-AgNPs were tested in murine models of intranasal HSV-1 infection and genital HSV-2 infection. (3) Results: EGCG-AgNPs inhibited attachment and entry of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in human HaCaT and VK-2-E6/E7 keratinocytes much better than EGCG at the same concentration. Infected mice treated intranasally (HSV-1) or intravaginally (HSV-2) with EGCG-AgNPs showed lower virus titers in comparison to treatment with EGCG alone. After EGCG-AgNPs treatment, mucosal tissues showed a significant infiltration in dendritic cells and monocytes in comparison to NaCl-treated group, followed by significantly better infiltration of CD8+ T cells, NK cells and increased expression of IFN-α, IFN-γ, CXCL9 and CXCL10. (4) Conclusions: Our findings show that EGCG-AgNPs can become an effective novel antiviral microbicide with adjuvant properties to be applied upon the mucosal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Krzyzowska
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (O.O.-W.)
| | - Martyna Janicka
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (O.O.-W.)
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Chodkowski
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (O.O.-W.)
| | - Magdalena Patrycy
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (O.O.-W.)
| | - Oliwia Obuch-Woszczatyńska
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (O.O.-W.)
| | - Emilia Tomaszewska
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163 St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.T.); (K.R.-S.); (G.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Katarzyna Ranoszek-Soliwoda
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163 St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.T.); (K.R.-S.); (G.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Grzegorz Celichowski
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163 St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.T.); (K.R.-S.); (G.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Jaroslaw Grobelny
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163 St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.T.); (K.R.-S.); (G.C.); (J.G.)
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De Clercq E. Hydrogen Bonding (Base Pairing) in Antiviral Activity. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051145. [PMID: 37243232 DOI: 10.3390/v15051145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Base pairing based on hydrogen bonding has, since its inception, been crucial in the antiviral activity of arabinosyladenine, 2'-deoxyuridines (i.e., IDU, TFT, BVDU), acyclic nucleoside analogues (i.e., acyclovir) and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Base pairing based on hydrogen bonding also plays a key role in the mechanism of action of various acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) such as adefovir, tenofovir, cidofovir and O-DAPYs, thus explaining their activity against a wide array of DNA viruses (human hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency (HIV) and human herpes viruses (i.e., human cytomegalovirus)). Hydrogen bonding (base pairing) also seems to be involved in the inhibitory activity of Cf1743 (and its prodrug FV-100) against varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and in the activity of sofosbuvir against hepatitis C virus and that of remdesivir against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Hydrogen bonding (base pairing) may also explain the broad-spectrum antiviral effects of ribavirin and favipiravir. This may lead to lethal mutagenesis (error catastrophe), as has been demonstrated with molnutegravir in its activity against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Gruzdev DA, Telegina AA, Ol’shevskaya VA, Andronova VL, Galegov GA, Zarubaev VV, Levit GL, Krasnov VP. New nido-carborane-containing conjugates of purine: synthesis and antiviral activity. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3665-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Gessa-Sorroche M, Kanclerz P, Alio J. Evidence in the prevention of the recurrence of herpes simplex and herpes zoster keratitis after eye surgery. ARCHIVOS DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE OFTALMOLOGIA 2022; 97:149-160. [PMID: 35248396 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Herpetic keratitis, either due to herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) or herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO), can recur after eye surgery.º Prophylaxis is postulated as necessary to avoid it. The objective of this study was to review the scientific evidence on the preventive methods used in the perioperative period in patients previously affected by HSK/HZO. METHODS An exhaustive search was carried out in the PubMed and Web of Science databases to identify relevant articles on prophylaxis and risk of recurrence of HSK/HZO in patients undergoing eye surgery up to 31 December 2019. RESULTS There is strong evidence that oral prophylaxis should be recommended after penetrating keratoplasty in patients who have previously had HSK/HZO. For other types of surgery, the evidence is less compelling. However, a latent period of inactivity should be considered between disease and oral prophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS Penetrating and lamellar keratoplasty, corneal crosslinking, cataract surgery, and photorefractive and phototherapeutic surgery cause an alteration of the subbasal nerve plexus of the cornea. Due to surgical trauma, as well as the modulation of the ocular immune response caused by steroids applied in the postoperative period, it is possible to induce the reactivation of HSK/HZO, which is common in some cases. Within this article, we discuss the available evidence for HSK/HZO prophylaxis in eye surgery. Further studies are necessary to define the real risk of HSK/HZO recurrence after ocular surgeries, particularly in cataract surgery, and to confirm the efficacy of perioperative prophylaxis with anti-HSK/HZO antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gessa-Sorroche
- Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Grupo Miranza, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - J Alio
- Vissum Grupo Miranza, Alicante, Spain.
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Faramarzi M, Pordel M, Morsali A. Synthesis, Antiviral, Antibacterial, and Cytotoxicity Assessment of Some 3H-Benzo[a]imidazo[4,5-j]acridines and 3H-Benzo[a]pyrazolo[3,4-j]acridines. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428020080151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Ocular surgery after herpes simplex and herpes zoster keratitis. Int Ophthalmol 2020; 40:3599-3612. [PMID: 32910331 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-020-01539-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The recurrence of herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK) and herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) has been reported after a variety of ocular surgeries. The aim of this study was to review the evidence on the preventive methods employed in the perioperative period in patients having undergone HSK/HZO. METHODS The PubMed and Web of Science databases were the main resources used to conduct the medical literature search. An extensive search was performed to identify relevant articles concerning the prophylaxis against and risk of HSK/HZO recurrence in patients undergoing ocular surgery up to December 31, 2019. RESULTS The disturbance of the corneal nerve plexus occurs during several ocular surgeries including penetrating keratoplasty, lamellar keratoplasty, corneal cross-linking, cataract surgery, as well as photorefractive and phototherapeutic procedures. Such trauma, as well as modulation of the ocular immunological response caused by steroids applied postoperatively, might engender the HSK/HZO reactivation which is not uncommon. There is strong evidence that oral prophylaxis should be recommended just after surgery in patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty and having suffered from HSK/HZO. For other types of surgeries, the evidence is less compelling; nevertheless, a period of disease quiescence and oral prophylaxis should still be considered. CONCLUSIONS Within the article, we discuss the available evidence for HSK/HZO prophylaxis in ocular surgery. Additional studies would be required to define the real risk of HSK/HZO recurrence following eye surgeries, and particularly cataract surgery, and to confirm the utility of perioperative HSK/HZO prophylaxis.
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Abstract
Abstract
Using purine as a scaffold, the methods for preparation of novel 2-aminopurine and purine derivatives substituted at position C
6 by the fragments of natural amino acids, short peptides, and N-heterocycles, including enantiopure ones, have been proposed. The methods for determination of the enantiomeric purity of the obtained chiral compounds have been developed. Conjugates exhibiting high antimycobacterial or anti-herpesvirus activity against both laboratory and multidrug-resistant strains were revealed among the obtained compounds.
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El Mansouri AE, Maatallah M, Ait Benhassou H, Moumen A, Mehdi A, Snoeck R, Andrei G, Zahouily M, Lazrek HB. Design, synthesis, chemical characterization, biological evaluation, and docking study of new 1,3,4-oxadiazole homonucleoside analogs. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 39:1088-1107. [PMID: 32397827 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2020.1761982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthetic strategies and characterization of some novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole homonucleoside analogs that are relevant to potential antitumor and cytotoxic activities. The structure of all compounds is confirmed using various spectroscopic methods such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HRMS, and FTIR. These compounds were evaluated against three human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, SKBR3, and HL60 Cell Line). Preliminary investigations showed that the cytotoxic activity was markedly dependent on the nucleobase. Introduction of 5-Iodouracil 4g and theobromine 6b proved to be extremely beneficial even they were more potent than the reference drug (DOX). Also, the synthesized compounds were tested for their antiviral activities against the human varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The product 4h was (6-azauracil derivative) more potent to the reference (acyclovir) against the deficient TK - VZV strain by about 2-fold. Finally, molecular docking suggested that the anticancer activities of compounds 6b and 4g mediated by inhibiting dual proteins EGFR/HER2 with low micromolar inhibition constant Ki range. The 1,3,4-oxadiazole homonucleosides showed a strong affinity to binding sites of target proteins by forming H-bond, carbon-hydrogen bond, Pi-anion, Pi-sulfur, Pi-sigma, alkyl, and Pi-alkyl interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Az-Eddine El Mansouri
- Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.,Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse & Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, URAC 24, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Maatallah
- Laboratoire de Chimie théorique, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | | | | | - Ahmad Mehdi
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Robert Snoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Graciela Andrei
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Zahouily
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse & Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, URAC 24, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco.,MAScIR Medical Biotechnology, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hassan B Lazrek
- Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
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Piotrowska DG, Głowacka IE, Schols D, Snoeck R, Andrei G, Gotkowska J. Novel Isoxazolidine and γ-Lactam Analogues of Homonucleosides. Molecules 2019; 24:E4014. [PMID: 31698778 PMCID: PMC6891762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Homonucleoside analogues cis-16 and trans-17 having a (5-methoxycarbonyl)isoxazolidine framework were synthesized via the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nucleobase-derived nitrones with methyl acrylate. Hydrogenolysis of the isoxazolidines containing thymine, dihydrouracil, theophylline and adenine moieties efficiently led to the formation of the respective γ-lactam analogues. γ-Lactam analogues having 5-bromouracil and 5-chlorouracil fragments were synthesized by treatment of uracil-containing γ-lactams with NBS and NCS. Isoxazolidine and γ-lactam analogues of homonucleosides obtained herein were evaluated for activity against a broad range of DNA and RNA viruses. None of the compounds that were tested exhibited antiviral or cytotoxic activity at concentrations up to 100 µM. The cytostatic activities of all compounds toward nine cancerous cell lines was tested. γ-Lactams trans-15e (Cl-Ura) and cis-15h (Theo) appeared the most active toward pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells (Capan-1), showing IC50 values 21.5 and 18.2 µM, respectively. Isoxazolidine cis-15e (Cl-Ura) inhibited the proliferation of colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota G. Piotrowska
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland; (I.E.G.); (J.G.)
| | - Iwona E. Głowacka
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland; (I.E.G.); (J.G.)
| | - Dominique Schols
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Snoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Graciela Andrei
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joanna Gotkowska
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland; (I.E.G.); (J.G.)
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12
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Krasnov VP, Musiyak VV, Vozdvizhenskaya OA, Galegov GA, Andronova VL, Gruzdev DA, Chulakov EN, Vigorov AY, Ezhikova MA, Kodess MI, Levit GL, Charushin VN. N-[ω-(Purin-6-yl)aminoalkanoyl] Derivatives of Chiral Heterocyclic Amines as Promising Anti-Herpesvirus Agents. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor P. Krasnov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of RAS (Ural Branch); 22/20 S. Kovalevskoy/Akademicheskaya St. 620990 Ekaterinburg Russia
| | - Vera V. Musiyak
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of RAS (Ural Branch); 22/20 S. Kovalevskoy/Akademicheskaya St. 620990 Ekaterinburg Russia
| | - Olga A. Vozdvizhenskaya
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of RAS (Ural Branch); 22/20 S. Kovalevskoy/Akademicheskaya St. 620990 Ekaterinburg Russia
| | - Georgiy A. Galegov
- Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology; Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Ivanovsky Institute of Virology; 123098 Moscow Russia
| | - Valeria L. Andronova
- Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology; Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Ivanovsky Institute of Virology; 123098 Moscow Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Gruzdev
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of RAS (Ural Branch); 22/20 S. Kovalevskoy/Akademicheskaya St. 620990 Ekaterinburg Russia
- Institute of Chemical Engineering; Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Ural Federal University; 620002 Ekaterinburg Russia
| | - Evgeny N. Chulakov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of RAS (Ural Branch); 22/20 S. Kovalevskoy/Akademicheskaya St. 620990 Ekaterinburg Russia
| | - Alexey Yu. Vigorov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of RAS (Ural Branch); 22/20 S. Kovalevskoy/Akademicheskaya St. 620990 Ekaterinburg Russia
| | - Marina A. Ezhikova
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of RAS (Ural Branch); 22/20 S. Kovalevskoy/Akademicheskaya St. 620990 Ekaterinburg Russia
| | - Mikhail I. Kodess
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of RAS (Ural Branch); 22/20 S. Kovalevskoy/Akademicheskaya St. 620990 Ekaterinburg Russia
- Institute of Chemical Engineering; Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Ural Federal University; 620002 Ekaterinburg Russia
| | - Galina L. Levit
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of RAS (Ural Branch); 22/20 S. Kovalevskoy/Akademicheskaya St. 620990 Ekaterinburg Russia
- Institute of Chemical Engineering; Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Ural Federal University; 620002 Ekaterinburg Russia
| | - Valery N. Charushin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of RAS (Ural Branch); 22/20 S. Kovalevskoy/Akademicheskaya St. 620990 Ekaterinburg Russia
- Institute of Chemical Engineering; Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Ural Federal University; 620002 Ekaterinburg Russia
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13
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Ravichandran V, Shalini S, Kumar KS, Rajak H, Agrawal RK. Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Thiourea Derivatives as Antimicrobial and Antiviral Agents. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666180801120440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The development of drug-resistant by bacteria appears rapidly and thus making
the effectiveness of antibiotics severely limited.
Methods:
A series of thiourea derivatives was synthesized, characterized and evaluated for their in vitro
antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities.
Results:
Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental and spectral
analysis. The biological results showed that some of the target compounds displayed comparable antimicrobial
and antiviral activities with reference drugs. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that
the ortho- chloro or fluoro substituted phenyl at Ar1 and substituted pyridinyl at Ar2 positions of the
thiourea nucleus are essential for their in vitro antimicrobial and anti-HIV activity. In particular, compounds
8 and 10 showed better activity against the tested bacteria, fungi and viral strains than other
synthesized PET derivatives reported in the present study.
Conclusion:
These results provide an encouraging lead that could be used for the development of new
potent antiviral and antimicrobial agents
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sivadasan Shalini
- KMCH College of Pharmacy, Kovai Estate, Kalapatti Road, Coimbatore, India
| | - Krishnan Suresh Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, KMCH College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, India
| | - Harish Rajak
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur 495 009, India
| | - Ram Kishore Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar 470003 (M.P.), India
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14
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Eletskaya BZ, Gruzdev DA, Krasnov VP, Levit GL, Kostromina MA, Paramonov AS, Kayushin AL, Muzyka IS, Muravyova TI, Esipov RS, Andronova VL, Galegov GA, Charushin VN, Miroshnikov AI, Konstantinova ID. Enzymatic synthesis of novel purine nucleosides bearing a chiral benzoxazine fragment. Chem Biol Drug Des 2019; 93:605-616. [PMID: 30561886 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A series of ribo- and deoxyribonucleosides bearing 2-aminopurine as a nucleobase with 7,8-difluoro- 3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-2H-[1,4]benzoxazine (conjugated directly or through an aminohexanoyl spacer) was synthesized using an enzymatic transglycosylation reaction. Nucleosides 3-6 were resistant to deamination under action of adenosine deaminase (ADA) Escherichia coli and ADA from calf intestine. The antiviral activity of the modified nucleosides was evaluated against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1, strain L2). It has been shown that at sub-toxic concentrations, nucleoside (S)-4-[2-amino-9-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)-purin-6-yl]-7,8-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-2H-[1,4]benzoxazine exhibit significant antiviral activity (SI > 32) on the model of HSV-1 in vitro, including an acyclovir-resistant virus strain (HSV-1, strain L2/R).
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Z Eletskaya
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Gruzdev
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Victor P Krasnov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Galina L Levit
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Maria A Kostromina
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Paramonov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexei L Kayushin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Inessa S Muzyka
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana I Muravyova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman S Esipov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valeria L Andronova
- Ivanovsky Institute of Virology (Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation), Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgiy A Galegov
- Ivanovsky Institute of Virology (Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation), Moscow, Russia
| | - Valery N Charushin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch), Ekaterinburg, Russia.,Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Anatoly I Miroshnikov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina D Konstantinova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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15
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Gucci A, Lafrate E, Manzini S, Giochetti A. Mechanism of Antiviral Action of (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2′-Deoxyuridine (BVDU): Direct Evidence with [14C]BVDU in Herpes Simplex Virus-Infected Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029700800611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Gucci
- Department of Pharmacology, Menarmi Ricerche SpA, Via Tito Speri 10, 00040 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Em Lafrate
- Department of Pharmacology, Menarmi Ricerche SpA, Via Tito Speri 10, 00040 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - S Manzini
- Department of Pharmacology, Menarmi Ricerche SpA, Via Tito Speri 10, 00040 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - A Giochetti
- Department of Pharmacology, Menarmi Ricerche SpA, Via Tito Speri 10, 00040 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
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16
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Klimochkin YN, Moiseev IK, Leonova MV, Nikolaeva SN, Boreko EI. Synthesis and Antiviral Properties of Ethyl(3-ethyladamant-1-yl)carbamate. Pharm Chem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-017-1548-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Spertus CB, Mohammed HO, Ledbetter EC. Effects of topical ocular application of 1% trifluridine ophthalmic solution in dogs with experimentally induced recurrent ocular canine herpesvirus-1 infection. Am J Vet Res 2016; 77:1140-7. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.77.10.1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Yang YW, Yang JC. Inhibitory Effect of Polyionic Compounds on the Adsorption of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (KOS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029700800103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The polyionic compounds, including dextran sulphates and poly-L-lysines, were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on the cytopathic effect of herpes simplex virus (HSV-1, KOS) in vitro. The anti-HSV activities of poly-L-lysines were found to increase with increasing molecular weight of the polymers. Both dextran sulphates and poly-L-lysines were found to block adsorption of HSV-1 to Vero cells. The inhibitory effect of adsorption of [3H] labelled virus was related to the molecular weight of the polymers. Polymers of higher molecular weight were found to be more effective than the lower molecular weight samples in inhibiting virus adsorption. The results from the microelectrophoresis measurements demonstrated that poly-L-lysines adsorb and confer positive charges on the Vero cells. Dextran sulphates, on the other hand, may adsorb onto the HSV-1 membrane surfaces instead of binding onto the cell membranes and interfere with adsorption of virions to the cells. The inhibitory effects of these polymers on viral cytopathogenic effect were probably attributable to the electrostatic and steric hindrance effects exerted by the polymers as reflected in the difference in zeta potential of cellular membrane treated with these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-W Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Jen-Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - J-C Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Jen-Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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19
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Herdewijn PAMM. 5-Substituted-2′-deoxyuridines as anti-HSV-1 Agents: Synthesis and Structure Activity Relationship. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029400500301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoside and pyrophosphate analogues are currently in use to treat infection with Human herpesvirus 1 (HSV-1). Both series of compounds exert their activity by inhibition of the viral DNA polymerase either directly, or after anabolic phosphorylation. As the X-ray structure of the viral-specific DNA polymerase is not known, it is difficult to design a nucleoside or non-nucleoside antiviral agent which specifically inhibits this enzyme. Therefore, alternative strategies have relied on extensive structure activity relationship studies of anti-HSV-1 agents in an endeavour to understand the essential structural requirements for activity and hence the design of drugs with increased selectivity. A virus-specific enzyme which plays a crucial role in the selective activation of nucleoside analogues is thymidine kinase. Present knowledge regarding the specificity of herpesvirus thymidine kinase for its 5-substituted-2′-deoxyuridine substrates is reviewed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. M. M. Herdewijn
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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20
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Hosoya M, Neyts J, Yamamoto N, Schols D, Smoeck R, Pauwels R, De Clercq E. Inhibitory Effects of Polycations on the Replication of Enveloped Viruses (HIV, HSV, CMV, RSV, Influenza A Virus and Togaviruses) in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029100200405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polycationic compounds, i.e. poly-l-lysines and poly-d-lysines, were evaluated for their in vitro effect on the replication of various viruses. Poly-l-lysines of different molecular weight proved inhibitory to the replication of several enveloped viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and type 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A virus, Sindbis virus, Semliki Forest virus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and human cytomegalovirus (CMV). The mechanism of action of the polylysines against HIV-1, RSV and CMV could be attributed to an inhibitory effect on virus binding to the host cells, as demonstrated by an indirect immunofluorescence/laser flow cytofluorographic method, virus plaque reduction and measurement of radiolabelled virion association with the cells, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Hosoya
- Department of Microbiology, Fukushima Medical College, Fukushima, Japan
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Neyts
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - N. Yamamoto
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - D. Schols
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - R. Smoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - R. Pauwels
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E. De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Gosselin G, Périgaud C, Bergogne MC, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, Imbach JL. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New 5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole Nucleoside Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029400500406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Novel 5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole nucleoside analogues structurally related to the well-known riboside DRB have been synthesized. The 1′,2′- trans nucleosides were prepared by condensation of peracylated sugars with 5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole, whereas the 1′,2′- cis β-D-arabinofuranosyl and β-D-lyxofuranosyl nucleosides were obtained by inversion of configuration on the sugar moiety. Chiral acyclic derivatives were stereospecifically prepared by ring-opening of furano- or pyrano-nucleosides by means of periodate oxidation, followed by borohydride reduction. The in vitro activities against a range of DNA and RNA viruses, as well as the cytotoxicities in human T-lymphocyte MT-4 cells, have been determined for these novel compounds and for DRB. No truly selective activity (i.e. clearly below the cytotoxic concentration) was observed against any of the viruses used. Some of the compounds, including DRB, were cytotoxic to MT-4 cells at CC50 values of less than 10 μg ml−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Gosselin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, URA 488 du CNRS, case courrier 008, Université de Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cédex 5, France
| | - C. Périgaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, URA 488 du CNRS, case courrier 008, Université de Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cédex 5, France
| | - M.-C. Bergogne
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, URA 488 du CNRS, case courrier 008, Université de Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cédex 5, France
| | - J. Balzarini
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E. De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J.-L. Imbach
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, URA 488 du CNRS, case courrier 008, Université de Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cédex 5, France
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22
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Luyten I, Jie L, Van Aerschot A, Pannecouque C, Wigerinck P, Rozenski J, Hendrix C, Wang C, Wiebe L, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, Herdewijn P. 2′-Deoxyuridines with a 5-Heteroaromatic Substituent: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029500600409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 2′-deoxyuridines with a thienyl substituent in the 5-position were synthesized as potential anti-HSV-1 agents. The brominated derivatives (1d, 1e and 3b) were obtained via halogenation reactions of the protected 5-(thien-2-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine and 5-(thien-3-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine, respectively. The palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reaction with stannylated thiophene was used for the synthesis of ( E)-5-(2-thienylvinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine and 5-(5,2′-dithien-2-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine. These compounds show moderate to good activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in the order of decreasing activity 1d>4>1e>3b∼5. Finally, two substituted 5-isoxazol derivatives of 2′-deoxyuridine (6a and 6b) were obtained via a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the protected 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine. These new compounds demonstrated poor affinity for the virus-specific enzyme thymidine kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Luyten
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - L. Jie
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - A. Van Aerschot
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - C. Pannecouque
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. Wigerinck
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Rozenski
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - C. Hendrix
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - C. Wang
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - L. Wiebe
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - J. Balzarini
- Laboratory of Experimental Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E. De Clercq
- Laboratory of Experimental Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. Herdewijn
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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23
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Abstract
E-5-(2-chlorovinyl)-2′-deoxycytidine (CVDC) has been prepared for the first time using an improved synthesis of the starting material E-5-(2-chlorovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine (CVDU). CVDC and CVDU were only slightly less active against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) than the potent anti-herpes compound E-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine (BVDU). The Z-forms of CVDC and CVDU were markedly less active against HSV-1 and VZV than the E-isomers. None of the compounds showed activity against thymidine kinase (TK)-deficient variants of HSV-1.
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24
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Schols D, De Clercq E, Balzarini J, Baba M, Witvrouw M, Hosoya M, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Neyts J, Pauwels R, Nagy M, Györgyi-Edelényi J, Machovich R, Horváth I, Low M, Görög S. Sulphated Polymers are Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Various Enveloped Viruses, Including Herpes Simplex Virus, Cytomegalovirus, Vesicular Stomatitis Virus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Toga-, Arena- and Retroviruses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029000100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The sulphated polymers, such as polyvinylalcohol sulphate (PVAS) and its co-polymer with acrylic acid (PAVAS), have proved to be potent inhibitors for herpes simplex virus, human cytomegalovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, respiratory syncytial virus, Sindbis virus, Semliki Forest virus, Junin virus, Tacaribe virus, murine sarcoma virus and human immunodeficiency virus. They are not inhibitory to non-enveloped viruses, such as poliovirus and reovirus. The broad-spectrum antiviral effects of these compounds depend on their molecular weight and degree of sulphation. Pharmacokinetic studies in rabbits have indicated that after intravenous bolus injection the serum concentrations of these compounds decay biphasically, with an initial half-life of approximately 90–120 min.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M. Nagy
- Department of Colloid Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - R. Machovich
- 2nd Institute of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary
| | - I. Horváth
- 2nd Institute of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary
| | - M. Low
- Chemical Works of Gedeon Richter Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S. Görög
- Chemical Works of Gedeon Richter Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
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25
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Ikeda S, Neyts J, Yamamoto N, Murrer B, Theobald B, Bossard G, Henson G, Abrams M, Picker D, De Clercq E. In vitro Activity of a Novel Series of Polyoxosilicotungstates against Human Myxo-, Herpes- and Retroviruses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029300400501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of silicon-containing polyoxotungstates belonging to the ‘Keggin-type’ (‘Keggin’, ‘Keggin sandwich’) were evaluated for their antiviral activity against enveloped viruses (myxo-, herpes- and retroviruses). The compounds exhibited antiviral activity against influenza virus type A, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1), type-2 (HSV-2), thymidine kinase-deficient (TIC) HSV-1, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) and type-2 (HIV-2) at concentrations that were well below their cytotoxic threshold. The ‘Keggin’ compound JM2815 (K5[Si-(TiCp)W11O39].12H2O) and the ‘Keggin sandwich’ compound JM1590 (K13[Ce(SiW11O39)2].26H2O) resulted in the highest selectivity indices against HIV-1 and HIV-2, and compound JM2820 ([Me3NH]8.[Si2Nb6W18O77]) was the most potent inhibitor of HSV and HCMV replication. These compounds proved active against HCMV and HSV when present during virus adsorption, and against influenza virus A and RSV when present after virus adsorption. Polyoxosilicotungstates inhibited the binding of radiolabeled HCMV particles to the cells at concentrations that were antivirally active, and the compounds were able to displace HCMV particles that were bound to a heparin-Sepharose matrix. Presumably, the polyoxosilicotungstates interact with positively charged domains on the viral envelope site(s) involved in the attachment of the (HCMV) virions to the cell surface receptor heparan sulphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ikeda
- Ftega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Neyts
- Ftega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - N. Yamamoto
- Ftega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - B. Murrer
- Johnson Matthey, Technology Centre, Blount's Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, UK
| | - B. Theobald
- Johnson Matthey, Technology Centre, Blount's Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, UK
| | - G. Bossard
- Johnson Matthey Pharmaceutical Research, 1401 King Road, West Chester, PA 19380, USA
| | - G. Henson
- Johnson Matthey Pharmaceutical Research, 1401 King Road, West Chester, PA 19380, USA
| | - M. Abrams
- Johnson Matthey Pharmaceutical Research, 1401 King Road, West Chester, PA 19380, USA
| | - D. Picker
- Johnson Matthey Pharmaceutical Research, 1401 King Road, West Chester, PA 19380, USA
| | - E. De Clercq
- Ftega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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26
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Poly(Hydroxy)Carboxylates as Selective Inhibitors of Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus Replication. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029200300404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxycarboxylates (MW 3800–14000) derived from phenolic (PDP) compounds were found to be selective inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), type 2 (HSV-2), thymidine kinase-deficient (TK−) HSV-1 and vaccinia virus replication at concentrations that are not toxic to the host cells. The PDP compounds were not inhibitory to parainfluenza virus, reovirus, Sindbis virus, or Semliki forest virus. The polycarboxylate aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) (MW 1149–3336) also proved inhibitory to CMV and HSV replication. The anti-CMV and anti-HSV activities of the ATA polymers increased with increasing molecular weight. The mechanism of anti-CMV activity of both the PDP and ATA series of compounds can be attributed to the inhibition of virion attachment to the cells, probably due to an interaction of these polyanionic compounds with the positively charged domains of the viral envelope glycoproteins.
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27
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Witvrouw M, Schols D, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Hosoya M, Pauwels R, Balzarini J, De Clercq E. Antiviral Activity of low-MW Dextran Sulphate (Derived from dextran MW 1000) Compared to Dextran Sulphate Samples of Higher MW. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029100200307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dextran sulphate inhibits the replication of enveloped viruses (such as retro-, herpes-, toga, arena-, rhabdo-, orthomyxo- and paramyxoviruses), but is inactive against non-enveloped viruses (such as polio, Coxsackie and reovirus). Within the molecular weight (MW) range of 10000–50000, not much variation was observed in the antiviral potencies of different dextran sulphate (DS) samples, irrespective of the virus examined. However, in contrast with the higher MW samples, the low MW DS sample (prepared from dextran with a MW of 1000) was virtually inactive against herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2, vesicular stomatitis virus, vaccinia virus, influenza A virus, respiratory syncytial virus and togaviruses (Sindbis, Semliki Forest). It was 10–20-fold less active than the higher MW samples against cytomegalovirus and arenaviruses (Junin, Tacaribe). The inhibitory potency of the 1000 MW DS sample against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) varied considerably depending on the virus strain and cell type. When examined in MT-4 cells, the 1000 MW DS sample was 7000-, 1000-, 200- or 10-fold more inhibitory to HIV-1HE than HIV-2EHO, HTLV-IIIB, HTLV-IIIRF and LAV-2ROD, respectively. In CEM cells, however, HIV-1HE was less sensitive to the inhibitory effect of the 1000 MW DS sample than HIV-2EHO, equally sensitive as HTLV-IIIB and fivefold more sensitive than LAV-2ROD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Witvrouw
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - D. Schols
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G. Andrei
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - R. Snoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - M. Hosoya
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - R. Pauwels
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Balzarini
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E. De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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28
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Witvrouw M, Schols D, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Ikeda S, Pauwels R, Van Schepdael A, Arnout J, Claes P, Desmyter J, De Clercq E. New Polyacetal Polysulphate Active against Human Immunodeficiency Virus and other Enveloped Viruses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029200300605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A new polyacetal polysulphate, termed PAPS, was synthesized starting from dextran through oxidation, reduction, and subsequent sulphation. PAPS inhibited HIV-1- and HIV-2-induced cytopathicity in MT-4 cells at concentrations comparable to those required for dextran sulphate (MW5000) to inhibit the cytopathicity of these viruses (50% inhibitory concentration: 0.4–0.04 μg ml−1). At these concentrations PAPS had no anticoagulant activity. PAPS suppressed syncytium formation between MOLT-4 cells and persistently HIV-1- or HIV-2-infected HUT-78 cells at a concentration of 1 μg ml−1, that is 25- to 30-fold lower than that required for dextran sulphate to inhibit syncytium formation. Like dextran sulphate, PAPS inhibited HIV-1 binding to the cells and anti-gp120 mAb binding to HIV-1 gp120. Also, PAPS proved equally active as dextran sulphate against herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus and the arenaviruses Junin and Tacaribe, and 10-fold more active than dextran sulphate against vaccinia, Sindbis, influenza A, and vesicular stomatitis virus. Neither PAPS nor dextran sulphate proved inhibitory to the non-enveloped viruses polio, Coxsackie and reovirus. Pharmacokinetic studies in rabbits revealed that after intravenous bolus injection the serum concentrations of PAPS decayed biphasically, with an initial half-life of approximately 45–60 min. Twenty-four hours following their intraperitoneal administration to mice, PAPS as well as dextran sulphate generated low titres of an antiviral principle that was at least partially interferon-like.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Witvrouw
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - D. Schols
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G. Andrei
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - R. Snoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - S. Ikeda
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - R. Pauwels
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - A. Van Schepdael
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Arnout
- Center for Thrombosis and Vascular Research, Campus Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. Claes
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Desmyter
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E. De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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29
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Reymen D, Witvrouw M, Esté JA, Neyts J, Schols D, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Cushman M, Hejchman E, De Clercq E. Mechanism of the Antiviral Activity of New Aurintricarboxylic Acid Analogues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029600700304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Various new aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) polymer analogues have been evaluated for their antiviral activity against a wide array of DNA and RNA viruses, and their mechanism of action against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Most of the polymers exhibited marked antiviral activity against a variety of enveloped viruses, but not against non-enveloped viruses. The ATA polymers displayed the most pronounced activity against HIV-1, HCMV and human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6). Their action against HCMV and HIV could be ascribed to inhibition of the initial attachment of virus particles to the cells. Using radiolabelled virus, we proved that the polymers inhibit the binding of HCMV to HEL fibroblasts. By flow cytometric analysis, we demonstrated that these new polymers interfere with (i) the binding of OKT4A monoclonal antibody (mAb) to the cellular CD4 receptor, (ii) the binding of anti-gp120 mAb to HIV-1 glycoprotein (gp) 120, and (iii) the adsorption of HIV-1 virions and recombinant HIV-1gp120 (rgp120) to MT-4 cells. The presence of a salicylic acid substituent on the central bridging carbon in the parent compound ATA seems to play an important role in the anti-HIV activity of these ATA related polymer analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Reymen
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M. Witvrouw
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. A. Esté
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Neyts
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - D. Schols
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - G. Andrei
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R. Snoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M. Cushman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - E. Hejchman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - E. De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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30
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Witvrouw M, Este JA, Mateu MQ, Reymen D, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Ikeda S, Pauwels R, Bianchini NV, Desmyter J, De Clercq E. Activity of a Sulfated Polysaccharide Extracted from the Red Seaweed Aghardhiella Tenera against Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Other Enveloped Viruses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029400500503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A galactan sulfate (GS) was isolated from an aqueous extract of the red seaweed Aghardhiella tenera and partially purified. GS inhibited the cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) in MT-4 cells at concentrations 10-fold higher than those required for the inhibition by dextran sulfate (MW 5000) of the cytopathic effect of HIV-1 and HIV-2 (50% inhibitory concentrations: 0.5 and 0.05 μg ml−1, respectively). GS suppressed syncytium formation between MOLT-4 cells and persistently HIV-1- or HIV-2-infected HUT-78 cells at concentrations higher than 5 μg ml−1. Like dextran sulfate (DS) and aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA), GS inhibited the binding of HIV-1 to the cells and the binding of anti-gp120 mAb to HIV-1 gp120. Like DS and ATA, GS proved active not only against HIV-1 and HIV-2 but also against other enveloped viruses, i.e. herpes-, toga-, arena-, myxo- and rhabdoviruses. GS represents a natural polysaccharide with broad-spectrum activity against a number of important viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Witvrouw
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. A. Este
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Instituto Nacional de Higiene Rafael Rangel, AIDS/Hepatitis Laboratory, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - M. Q. Mateu
- Instituto Nacional de Higiene Rafael Rangel, AIDS/Hepatitis Laboratory, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - D. Reymen
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G. Andrei
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - R. Snoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - S. Ikeda
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - R. Pauwels
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - N. V. Bianchini
- Biotecnologia Epsilon C.A., Calle Las Rosas, Quinta Picena, Urb. Prados del Este, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - J. Desmyter
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E. De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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31
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Schols D, De Clercq E, Witvrouw M, Nakashima H, Snoeck R, Pauwels R, Van Schepdael A, Claes P. Sulphated Cyclodextrins are Potent anti-HIV Agents Acting Synergistically with 2′,3′-dideoxynucleoside Analogues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029100200108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sulphated cyclodextrins proved to be potent inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) but not other enveloped viruses (i.e. Sindbis virus, respiratory syncytial virus, Tacaribe virus, vesicular stomatitis virus or vaccinia virus). Their mechanism of action against HIV can be attributed to an inhibition of the binding of HIV-1 virions to the cells, as demonstrated by flow cytometric analysis. The sulphated cyclodextrins enhanced the anti-HIV-1 activity of pyrimidine 2′,3′-dideoxyribosides (i.e. azidothymidine, dideoxycytidine, didehydro-dideoxythymidine, fluorodide-oxychlorouridine), in a subsynergistic manner, and the anti-HIV-1 activity of purine 2′,3′-dideoxyribosides (dideoxyadenosine, dideoxyinosine, 2,6-diaminopurine dideoxyriboside) and 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine in a synergistic manner. Following intravenous administration of the sulphated cyclodextrins to rabbits, drug serum concentrations were obtained that were 100- to 1000-fold above the minimum inhibitory concentration for HIV or CMV.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Schols
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E. De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - M. Witvrouw
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - H. Nakashima
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - R. Snoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - R. Pauwels
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - A. Van Schepdael
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. Claes
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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32
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Nawrot B, Michalak O, De Clercq E, Stec WJ. Analogues of Acyclic Nucleosides Derived from Tris-(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphine Oxide or Bis-(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphinic Acid Coupled to DNA Nucleobases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 15:319-28. [PMID: 15646645 DOI: 10.1177/095632020401500604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel acyclic nucleoside analogues containing bis-(hydroxymethyl)phosphinic acid (BHPA) or tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine oxide (THPO) coupled with DNA nucleobases or with 5-fluorouracil were prepared and their antiviral activity was studied against cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), parainfluenza-virus type 3, reovirus-type 1, sindbis, coxsackie B4, punta toro, vesicular stomatitis and respiratory syncytial virus, herpes simplex virus-type 1 (KOS) and type 2 (G), vaccinia virus and herpes simplex virus-1 (TK-KOS ACVr). No specific antiviral effects were noted for any of test compounds against viruses evaluated, except thymine, cytosine and adenine derivatives of BHPA exerting borderline activity against respiratory syncytial virus at the 80 mg/ml concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Nawrot
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland.
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33
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Song R, Witvrouw M, Schols D, Robert A, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, Bemadou J, Meunier B. Anti-HIV Activities of Anionic Metalloporphyrins and Related Compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029700800202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Various water-soluble polysulphonated and polycarboxylated porphyrins and some of their metallated derivatives have been prepared and their antiviral properties against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1, HIV-2), simian immunodeficiency virus and other viruses are reported. Besides these polyanionic compounds, two new series of porphyrins were included and studied from the perspective of bio-availability modulation: (i) acefylsulphonamido derivatives endowed with weak acidity properties (deprotonation gives the corresponding anionic derivatives in a pH range 4.5-8.5) and (ii) compounds with the anionic charge transiently masked by esterification (acetoxymethyl- and pivaloyloxymethylesters). Among the more active compounds in inhibiting HIV-induced cytopathic effects, the sulphonated and carboxylated porphyrin complexes were found to interact directly with the HIV protein gp 120 and not with the CD4 cellular receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Song
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - M Witvrouw
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - D Schols
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Robert
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - J Balzarini
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Bemadou
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - B Meunier
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
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Génu-Dellac C, Gosselin G, Aubertin AM, Obert G, Kirn A, Imbach JL. 3′-Substituted Thymine α-L-nucleoside Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029100200203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hitherto unknown 1-(3-deoxy-3-substituted-α-L-lyxofuranosyl)thymines and their 2-deoxy derivatives related to azidothymidine (AZT) and its congeners have been synthesized and their antiviral properties examined. They were prepared by nucleophilic substitution with inversion of configuration from 3′-O-trifluoromethanesulphonate α-L-arabinofuranonucleosides and their 2′-deoxy derivatives. All the prepared compounds were tested for their activity against a variety of RNA and DNA viruses, but they did not show significant antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Génu-Dellac
- Université de Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, case courrier 008, Laboratóire de Chimie Bio-organique, Unité Mixte de Recherche Synthelabo-USTL-CNRS (UMR 112 du CNRS), Place Eugène-Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cédex 5, France
| | - G. Gosselin
- Université de Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, case courrier 008, Laboratóire de Chimie Bio-organique, Unité Mixte de Recherche Synthelabo-USTL-CNRS (UMR 112 du CNRS), Place Eugène-Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cédex 5, France
| | - A.-M. Aubertin
- U 74 de l'INSERM, Laboratoire de Virologie de la Faculté de Médecine, Université Louis Pasteur, 3 rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - G. Obert
- U 74 de l'INSERM, Laboratoire de Virologie de la Faculté de Médecine, Université Louis Pasteur, 3 rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - A. Kirn
- U 74 de l'INSERM, Laboratoire de Virologie de la Faculté de Médecine, Université Louis Pasteur, 3 rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - J.-L. Imbach
- Université de Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, case courrier 008, Laboratóire de Chimie Bio-organique, Unité Mixte de Recherche Synthelabo-USTL-CNRS (UMR 112 du CNRS), Place Eugène-Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cédex 5, France
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35
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Haspeslagh M, Taevernier L, Maes A, Vlaminck L, De Spiegeleer B, Croubels S, Martens A. Topical distribution of acyclovir in normal equine skin and equine sarcoids: An in vitro study. Res Vet Sci 2016; 106:107-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Design and synthesis of potential ribonucleotide reductase enzyme (RNR) inhibitors as antileukemic and/or antiviral 2′-deoxymethylene nucleosides. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fjps.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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37
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Solyev PN, Jasko MV, Kleymenova AA, Kukhanova MK, Kochetkov SN. Versatile synthesis of oxime-containing acyclic nucleoside phosphonates--synthetic solutions and antiviral activity. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:10946-56. [PMID: 26383895 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01571e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New oxime-containing acyclic nucleoside phosphonates 9-{2-[(phosphonomethyl)oximino]ethyl}adenine (1), -guanine (2) and 9-{2-[(phosphonomethyl)oximino]propyl}adenine (3) with wide spectrum activity against different types of viruses were synthesized. The key intermediate, diethyl aminooxymethylphosphonate, was obtained by the Mitsunobu reaction. Modified conditions for the by-product separation (without chromatography and distillation) allowed us to obtain 85% yield of the aminooxy intermediate. The impact of DBU and Cs2CO3 on the N(9)/N(7) product ratio for adenine and guanine alkylation was studied. A convenient procedure for aminooxy group detection was found. The synthesized phosphonates were tested and they appeared to display moderate activity against different types of viruses (HIV, herpes viruses in cell cultures, and hepatitis C virus in the replicon system) without toxicity up to 1000 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel N Solyev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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38
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Sauerbrei A, Bohn-Wippert K, Kaspar M, Krumbholz A, Karrasch M, Zell R. Database on natural polymorphisms and resistance-related non-synonymous mutations in thymidine kinase and DNA polymerase genes of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 71:6-16. [PMID: 26433780 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of genotypic resistance testing of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) is increasing because the rapid availability of results significantly improves the treatment of severe infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. However, an essential precondition is a broad knowledge of natural polymorphisms and resistance-associated mutations in the thymidine kinase (TK) and DNA polymerase (pol) genes, of which the DNA polymerase (Pol) enzyme is targeted by the highly effective antiviral drugs in clinical use. Thus, this review presents a database of all non-synonymous mutations of TK and DNA pol genes of HSV-1 and HSV-2 whose association with resistance or natural gene polymorphism has been clarified by phenotypic and/or functional assays. In addition, the laboratory methods for verifying natural polymorphisms or resistance mutations are summarized. This database can help considerably to facilitate the interpretation of genotypic resistance findings in clinical HSV-1 and HSV-2 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Sauerbrei
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Consulting Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Kathrin Bohn-Wippert
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Consulting Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Marisa Kaspar
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Consulting Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Andi Krumbholz
- Institute for Infection Medicine, Christian-Albrecht University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Karrasch
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Roland Zell
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Consulting Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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39
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Alimbarova LM, Kharlamov AV, Bondarenko NA, Barinskii IF. Composition on the basis of phosphonoacetic acid. Synthesis and antiviral activity. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363215100394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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40
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Daghigh LR, Pordel M, Davoodnia A, Jajarmi M. Synthesis, antiviral, and cytotoxic investigation of imidazo[4,5-a]acridones. Med Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-015-1438-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Nair AB. Quantification of uptake and clearance of acyclovir in skin layers. Antivir Ther 2015; 21:17-25. [PMID: 26046929 DOI: 10.3851/imp2970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantification of drug uptake and clearance in the skin layers could provide better insight into the skin kinetics of dermatological formulations aimed for deeper skin tissues. This study assessed the skin kinetics of acyclovir in different skin layers following topical application on the abdominal region of Wistar rats. METHODS In vivo skin pharmacokinetics parameters were determined by two different protocols such as post drug load assessment and subsequent drug load assessment following topical application of 500 mg of cream formulation containing 5% (w/w) of acyclovir. RESULTS Topical application of acyclovir exhibited concentration gradient between the skin layers (stratum corneum > viable epidermis > dermis) which were inconsistent over the time-course of the study. The rate and extent of drug reaching target site (basal epidermis) was relatively low. The drug uptake and clearance profiles were found to be distinct in all the three skin layers suggesting no drug concentration correlation (P<0.05) between skin layers. Drug concentration in the viable epidermis continued to increase even after termination of therapy (Tmax=4 h) and then declined rapidly. The availability of acyclovir in the target was comparatively low (approximately 0.4% of the applied dose) although an order of magnitude higher percentage was determined in the stratum corneum. CONCLUSIONS The data observed in this study demonstrates low skin uptake and rapid clearance of acyclovir in the target site. Further, the methodology employed can be useful for studying other topical antiviral agents as well as for optimizing formulations for drugs (such as acyclovir) that may enhance their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anroop B Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
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Cirri M, Maestrelli F, Mennini N, Mura P. Combined use of bile acids and aminoacids to improve permeation properties of acyclovir. Int J Pharm 2015; 490:351-9. [PMID: 26037934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a topical formulation with improved permeation properties of acyclovir. Ursodeoxycholic (UDC) and dehydrocholic (DHC) acids were tested as potential enhancers, alone or in combination with different aminoacids. Equimolar binary and ternary systems of acyclovir with cholic acids and basic, hydrophilic or hydrophobic aminoacids were prepared by co-grinding in a high vibrational micromill. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to characterize the solid state of these systems, while their permeation properties were evaluated in vitro through a lipophilic artificial membrane. UDC was more than 2 times more effective than DHC in improving drug AUC and permeation rate. As for the ternary systems drug-UDC-aminoacid, only the combined use of l-lysine with UDC acid produced an evident synergistic effect in enhancing drug permeation properties, enabling an almost 3 and 8 times AUC increase compared to the binary UDC system or the pure drug, respectively. The best systems were selected for the development of topical cream formulations, adequately characterized and tested for in vitro drug permeation properties and stability on storage. The better performance revealed by acyclovir-UDC-l-lysine was mainly attributed to the formation of a more permeable activated system induced by the multicomponent co-grinding process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cirri
- Dept. of Chemistry, School of Sciences of Human Health, University of Florence, via U. Schiff, 6 Sesto Fiorentino 50019 Florence, Italy.
| | - F Maestrelli
- Dept. of Chemistry, School of Sciences of Human Health, University of Florence, via U. Schiff, 6 Sesto Fiorentino 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - N Mennini
- Dept. of Chemistry, School of Sciences of Human Health, University of Florence, via U. Schiff, 6 Sesto Fiorentino 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - P Mura
- Dept. of Chemistry, School of Sciences of Human Health, University of Florence, via U. Schiff, 6 Sesto Fiorentino 50019 Florence, Italy
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Ligasová A, Strunin D, Friedecký D, Adam T, Koberna K. A fatal combination: a thymidylate synthase inhibitor with DNA damaging activity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117459. [PMID: 25671308 PMCID: PMC4324964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
2′-deoxy-5-ethynyluridine (EdU) has been previously shown to be a cell poison whose toxicity depends on the particular cell line. The reason is not known. Our data indicates that different efficiency of EdU incorporation plays an important role. The EdU-mediated toxicity was elevated by the inhibition of 2′-deoxythymidine 5′-monophosphate synthesis. EdU incorporation resulted in abnormalities of the cell cycle including the slowdown of the S phase and a decrease in DNA synthesis. The slowdown but not the cessation of the first cell division after EdU administration was observed in all of the tested cell lines. In HeLa cells, a 10 μM EdU concentration led to the cell death in the 100% of cells probably due to the activation of an intra S phase checkpoint in the subsequent S phase. Our data also indicates that this EdU concentration induces interstrand DNA crosslinks in HeLa cells. We suppose that these crosslinks are the primary DNA damage resulting in cell death. According to our results, the EdU-mediated toxicity is further increased by the inhibition of thymidylate synthase by EdU itself at its higher concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ligasová
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Dmytro Strunin
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - David Friedecký
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Adam
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Koberna
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
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Wahab NZA, Bunawan H, Ibrahim N. Cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of methanol extract from Polygonum minus. AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS 2015. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4931257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Synthesis of acyclic nucleoside analogues based on 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ones by one-step Vorbrüggen glycosylation. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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46
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Hervé G, Len C. First ligand-free, microwave-assisted, Heck cross-coupling reaction in pure water on a nucleoside – application to the synthesis of antiviral BVDU. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09798j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For the first time, a palladium catalyzed Heck cross-coupling reaction between 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine and various acrylate derivatives was performed using ligand-free conditions and microwave assistance in pure water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwénaëlle Hervé
- Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable
- UTC-ESCOM
- Centre de Recherche de Royallieu
- F-60200 Compiègne, France
| | - Christophe Len
- Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable
- UTC-ESCOM
- Centre de Recherche de Royallieu
- F-60200 Compiègne, France
- Department of Chemistry
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Fresneau N, Hiebel MA, Agrofoglio LA, Berteina-Raboin S. Efficient synthesis of unprotected C-5-aryl/heteroaryl-2'-deoxyuridine via a Suzuki-Miyaura reaction in aqueous media. Molecules 2012; 17:14409-17. [PMID: 23519242 PMCID: PMC6268622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171214409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Following our previous results on an environmentally benign one-pot Sonogashira-cyclization protocol to obtain substituted furopyrimidine nucleosides under aqueous conditions, we investigate herein the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of aryl and heteroaryl derivatives at the C5 position of unprotected 2'-deoxyuridine in the same media with a common catalyst system avoiding exotic ligands, since palladium acetate and triphenylphosphine afforded the expected products in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sabine Berteina-Raboin
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +33-2-3849-4856; Fax: +33-2-3841-7281
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Zakirova NF, Shipitsyn AV, Jasko MV, Prokofjeva MM, Andronova VL, Galegov GA, Prassolov VS, Kochetkov SN. Phosphoramidate derivatives of acyclovir: synthesis and antiviral activity in HIV-1 and HSV-1 models in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:5802-9. [PMID: 22954898 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 07/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The antiviral activity against HIV and HSV and the chemical stability of ACV phosphoramidate derivatives were studied. The phosphoramidates of ACV demonstrated moderate activity. The best compound appeared to be 9-(2-hydroxymethyl)guanine phosphoromonomorpholidate (7), which inhibited virus replication in pseudo-HIV-1 particles by 50% at 50 μM. It also inhibited replication of wild-type HSV-1 (9.7 μM) as well as an acyclovir-resistant strain (25 μM). None of the synthesised compounds showed any cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia F Zakirova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.
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Shmailov A, Alimbarova L, Vatsouro I, Tafeenko V, Shokova E, Kovalev V. First synthesis of α-(3-R-1-adamantyl)sulfoacetic acids and their derivatives. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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50
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Gus'kova AA, Skoblov MI, Andronova VL, Galegov GA, Kochetkov SN, Skoblov IS. [Enzymatic activity of thymidine kinase of herpes simlex virus strain resistant to H-phosphonates of Acv]. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2012; 37:627-30. [PMID: 22332357 DOI: 10.1134/s1068162011050074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cloned laboratory mutants of herpes simplex virus type I resistant to acycloguanosine H-phosphonate have been investigated. For all clones were shown that mutations resulted to increasing of sensitivity to acting of sidofovir. Thymidine kinase of mutant viruses partially preserves the ability to phosphorilate thymidine, but loses the ability to phosphorilate BVDU.
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