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V Cabral F, Xu Q, Greer A, Lyons AM, Hasan T. Superhydrophobic Dressing for Singlet Oxygen Delivery in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy against Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Biofilms. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:6175-6185. [PMID: 39166743 PMCID: PMC11409211 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
The rise of antimicrobial resistance poses a critical public health threat worldwide. While antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has demonstrated efficacy against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, its effectiveness can be limited by several factors, including the delivery of the photosensitizer (PS) to the site of interest and the development of bacterial resistance to PS uptake. There is a need for alternative methods, one of which is superhydrophobic antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (SH-aPDT), which we report here. SH-aPDT is a technique that isolates the PS on a superhydrophobic (SH) membrane, generating airborne singlet oxygen (1O2) that can diffuse up to 1 mm away from the membrane. In this study, we developed a SH polydimethylsiloxane dressing coated with PS verteporfin. These dressings contain air channels called a plastron for supplying oxygen for aPDT and are designed so that there is no direct contact of the PS with the tissue. Our investigation focuses on the efficacy of SH-aPDT on biofilms formed by drug-sensitive and MDR strains of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and S. aureus methicillin-resistant) and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and P. aeruginosa carbapenem-resistant). SH-aPDT reduces bacterial biofilms by approximately 3 log with a concomitant decrease in their metabolism as measured by MTT. Additionally, the treatment disrupted extracellular polymeric substances, leading to a decrease in biomass and biofilm thickness. This innovative SH-aPDT approach holds great potential for combating antimicrobial resistance, offering an effective strategy to address the challenges posed by drug-resistant wound infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda V Cabral
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - QianFeng Xu
- SingletO2 Therapeutics LLC, VentureLink, Room 524B, 211 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07103, United States
| | - Alexander Greer
- SingletO2 Therapeutics LLC, VentureLink, Room 524B, 211 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07103, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Alan M Lyons
- SingletO2 Therapeutics LLC, VentureLink, Room 524B, 211 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07103, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Ndukwe ARN, Qin J, Wiedbrauk S, Boase NRB, Fairfull-Smith KE, Totsika M. In Vitro Activities of Oxazolidinone Antibiotics Alone and in Combination with C-TEMPO against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1706. [PMID: 38136740 PMCID: PMC10741017 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are a global health concern. The propensity of MRSA to form biofilms is a significant contributor to its pathogenicity. Strategies to treat biofilms often involve small molecules that disperse the biofilm into planktonic cells. Linezolid and, by extension, theoxazolidinones have been developed to treat infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria such as MRSA. However, the clinical development of these antibiotics has mainly assessed the susceptibility of planktonic cells to the drug. Previous studies evaluating the anti-biofilm activity of theoxazolidinones have mainly focused on the biofilm inhibition of Enterococcus faecalis and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, with only a few studies investigating the activity of oxazolidinones for eradicating established biofilms for these species. Very little is known about the ability of oxazolidinones to eradicate MRSA biofilms. In this work, five oxazolidinones were assessed against MRSA biofilms using a minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) assay. All oxazolidinones had inherent antibiofilm activity. However, only ranbezolid could completely eradicate MRSA biofilms at clinically relevant concentrations. The susceptibility of the MRSA biofilms to ranbezolid was synergistically enhanced by coadministration with the nitroxide biofilm dispersal agent C-TEMPO. We presume that ranbezolid acts as a dual warhead drug, which combines the mechanism of action of the oxazolidinones with a nitric oxide donor or cytotoxic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey R. N. Ndukwe
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia; (A.R.N.N.); (J.Q.)
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia; (S.W.); (N.R.B.B.); (K.E.F.-S.)
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Jilong Qin
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia; (A.R.N.N.); (J.Q.)
| | - Sandra Wiedbrauk
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia; (S.W.); (N.R.B.B.); (K.E.F.-S.)
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Nathan R. B. Boase
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia; (S.W.); (N.R.B.B.); (K.E.F.-S.)
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Kathryn E. Fairfull-Smith
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia; (S.W.); (N.R.B.B.); (K.E.F.-S.)
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Makrina Totsika
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia; (A.R.N.N.); (J.Q.)
- Max Planck Queensland Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
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Oliveira AS, Saraiva LM, Carvalho SM. Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms undergo metabolic and matrix remodeling under nitrosative stress. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1200923. [PMID: 37469594 PMCID: PMC10352803 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1200923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis is a commensal skin bacterium that forms host- and antibiotic-resistant biofilms that are a major cause of implant-associated infections. Most research has focused on studying the responses to host-imposed stresses on planktonic bacteria. In this work, we addressed the open question of how S. epidermidis thrives on toxic concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) produced by host innate immune cells during biofilm assembly. We analyzed alterations of gene expression, metabolism, and matrix structure of biofilms of two clinical isolates of S. epidermidis, namely, 1457 and RP62A, formed under NO stress conditions. In both strains, NO lowers the amount of biofilm mass and causes increased production of lactate and decreased acetate excretion from biofilm glucose metabolism. Transcriptional analysis revealed that NO induces icaA, which is directly involved in polysaccharide intercellular adhesion (PIA) production, and genes encoding proteins of the amino sugar pathway (glmM and glmU) that link glycolysis to PIA synthesis. However, the strains seem to have distinct regulatory mechanisms to boost lactate production, as NO causes a substantial upregulation of ldh gene in strain RP62A but not in strain 1457. The analysis of the matrix components of the staphylococcal biofilms, assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), showed that NO stimulates PIA and protein production and interferes with biofilm structure in a strain-dependent manner, but independently of the Ldh level. Thus, NO resistance is attained by remodeling the staphylococcal matrix architecture and adaptation of main metabolic processes, likely providing in vivo fitness of S. epidermidis biofilms contacting NO-proficient macrophages.
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Fernandes GFS, Scarim CB, Kim SH, Wu J, Castagnolo D. Oxazolidinones as versatile scaffolds in medicinal chemistry. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:823-847. [PMID: 37252095 PMCID: PMC10211318 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00415a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxazolidinone is a five-member heterocyclic ring with several biological applications in medicinal chemistry. Among the three possible isomers, 2-oxazolidinone is the most investigated in drug discovery. Linezolid was pioneered as the first approved drug containing an oxazolidinone ring as the pharmacophore group. Numerous analogues have been developed since its arrival on the market in 2000. Some have succeeded in reaching the advanced stages of clinical studies. However, most oxazolidinone derivatives reported in recent decades have not reached the initial stages of drug development, despite their promising pharmacological applications in a variety of therapeutic areas, including antibacterial, antituberculosis, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, neurologic, and metabolic diseases, among other areas. Therefore, this review article aims to compile the efforts of medicinal chemists who have explored this scaffold over the past decades and highlight the potential of the class for medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cauê Benito Scarim
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University Araraquara 14800903 Brazil
| | - Seong-Heun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street WC1H 0AJ London UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London 150 Stamford Street SE1 9NH London UK
| | - Jingyue Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street WC1H 0AJ London UK
| | - Daniele Castagnolo
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street WC1H 0AJ London UK
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Ndukwe ARN, Wiedbrauk S, Boase NRB, Fairfull‐Smith KE. Strategies to Improve the Potency of Oxazolidinones towards Bacterial Biofilms. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200201. [PMID: 35352479 PMCID: PMC9321984 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are part of the natural lifecycle of bacteria and are known to cause chronic infections that are difficult to treat. Most antibiotics are developed and tested against bacteria in the planktonic state and are ineffective against bacterial biofilms. The oxazolidinones, including the last resort drug linezolid, are one of the main classes of synthetic antibiotics progressed to clinical use in the last 50 years. They have a unique mechanism of action and only develop low levels of resistance in the clinical setting. With the aim of providing insight into strategies to design more potent antibiotic compounds with activity against bacterial biofilms, we review the biofilm activity of clinically approved oxazolidinones and report on structural modifications to oxazolidinones and their delivery systems which lead to enhanced anti-biofilm activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey R. N. Ndukwe
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
- Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
| | - Sandra Wiedbrauk
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
- Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
| | - Nathan R. B. Boase
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
- Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
| | - Kathryn E. Fairfull‐Smith
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
- Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
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Sivori F, Cavallo I, Kovacs D, Guembe M, Sperduti I, Truglio M, Pasqua M, Prignano G, Mastrofrancesco A, Toma L, Pimpinelli F, Morrone A, Ensoli F, Di Domenico EG. Role of Extracellular DNA in Dalbavancin Activity against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Biofilms in Patients with Skin and Soft Tissue Infections. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0035122. [PMID: 35416701 PMCID: PMC9045124 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00351-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). Biofilm production further complicates patient treatment, contributing to increased bacterial persistence and antibiotic tolerance. The study aimed to explore the efficacy of different antibiotics on biofilm-producing MRSA isolated from patients with SSTI. A total of 32 MRSA strains were collected from patients with SSTI. The MIC and minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) were measured in planktonic and biofilm growth. The study showed that dalbavancin, linezolid, and vancomycin all inhibited MRSA growth at their EUCAST susceptible breakpoint. Of the MRSA strains, 87.5% (n = 28) were strong biofilm producers (SBPs), while only 12.5% (n = 4) were weak biofilm producers (WBPs). The MBEC90 values for dalbavancin were significantly lower than those of linezolid and vancomycin in all tested strains. We also found that extracellular DNA (eDNA) contributes to the initial microbial attachment and biofilm formation. The amount of eDNA differed among MRSA strains and was significantly higher in those isolates with high dalbavancin and vancomycin tolerance. Exogenously added DNA increased the MBEC90 and protection of biofilm cells from dalbavancin activity. Of note, the relative abundance of eDNA was higher in MRSA biofilms exposed to MBEC90 dalbavancin than in untreated MRSA biofilms and those exposed to sub-MIC90. Overall, dalbavancin was the most active antibiotic against MRSA biofilms at concentrations achievable in the human serum. Moreover, the evidence of a drug-related increase of eDNA and its contribution to antimicrobial drug tolerance reveals novel potential targets for antibiofilm strategies against MRSA. IMPORTANCE Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) worldwide. In addition, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is increasingly frequent in postoperative infections and responsible for a large number of hospital readmissions and deaths. Biofilm formation by S. aureus is a primary risk factor in SSTIs, due to a higher antibiotic tolerance. Our study showed that the biofilm-forming capacity varied among MRSA strains, although strong biofilm producers were significantly more abundant than weak biofilm producer strains. Notably, dalbavancin demonstrated a potent antibiofilm activity at concentrations achievable in human serum. Nevertheless, dalbavancin activity was affected by an increased concentration of extracellular DNA in the biofilm matrix. This study provides novel insight for designing more targeted therapeutic strategies against MRSA and to prevent or eradicate harmful biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sivori
- Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cavallo
- Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Kovacs
- Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Guembe
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistical Unit-Clinical Trials Center, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Truglio
- Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Pasqua
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Grazia Prignano
- Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Toma
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvia Pimpinelli
- Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Morrone
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ensoli
- Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Enea Gino Di Domenico
- Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Qiu W, Jin F, Hao Y, Bao X, Yuan D, Yao Y. Amine-catalyzed site- and stereo-selective coupling of epoxy amines and carbon dioxide to construct oxazolidinones. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00583b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
NEt3 catalyzed the cycloaddition of epoxy amine and CO2, which generated oxazolidinones. Reactions of chiral epoxy amine achieved 100% configuration inversion, enabling the synthesis of linezolid. DFT studies show that NEt3 acted as a nucleophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanhong Hao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoguang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yingming Yao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Chen X, Thomsen TR, Winkler H, Xu Y. Influence of biofilm growth age, media, antibiotic concentration and exposure time on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm removal in vitro. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:264. [PMID: 32831025 PMCID: PMC7444035 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biofilm is known to be tolerant towards antibiotics and difficult to eradicate. Numerous studies have reported minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) values of antibiotics for many known biofilm pathogens. However, the experimental parameters applied in these studies differ considerably, and often the rationale behind the experimental design are not well described. This makes it difficult to compare the findings. To demonstrate the importance of experimental parameters, we investigated the influence of biofilm growth age, antibiotic concentration and treatment duration, and growth media on biofilm eradication. Additionally, OSTEOmycin™, a clinically used antibiotic containing allograft bone product, was tested for antibiofilm efficacy. RESULTS The commonly used Calgary biofilm device was used to grow 24 h and 72 h biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which were treated with time-dependent vancomycin (up to 3000 mg L- 1) and concentration-dependent tobramycin (up to 80 mg L- 1), respectively. Two common bacteriological growth media, tryptic soy broth (TSB) and cation-adjusted Mueller Hinton broth (CaMHB), were tested. We found for both species that biofilms were more difficult to kill in TSB than in CaMHB. Furthermore, young biofilms (24 h) were easier to eradicate than old biofilms (72 h). In agreement with vancomycin being time-dependent, extension of the vancomycin exposure increased killing of S. aureus biofilms. Tobramycin treatment of 24 h P. aeruginosa biofilms was found concentration-dependent and time-independent, however, increasing killing was indicated for 72 h P. aeruginosa biofilms. Treatment with tobramycin containing OSTEOmycin T™ removed 72 h and 168 h P. aeruginosa biofilms after 1 day treatment, while few 72 h S. aureus biofilms survived after 2 days treatment with vancomycin containing OSTEOmycin V™. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated biofilm removal efficacy was influenced by media, biofilm age and antibiotic concentration and treatment duration. It is therefore necessary to taking these parameters into consideration when designing experiments. The results of OSTEOmycin™ products indicated that simple in vitro biofilm test could be used for initial screening of antibiofilm products. For clinical application, a more clinically relevant biofilm model for the specific biofilm infection in question should be developed to guide the amount of antibiotics used for local antibiofilm treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Chen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Aalborg University, Aalborg East, Denmark
| | - Trine Rolighed Thomsen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Aalborg University, Aalborg East, Denmark
- Life Science Division, Danish Technological Institute, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Heinz Winkler
- Osteitis Centre, Privatklinik Döbling, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yijuan Xu
- Center for Microbial Communities, Aalborg University, Aalborg East, Denmark.
- Life Science Division, Danish Technological Institute, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Yu S, Jiang B, Jia C, Wu H, Shen J, Hu X, Xie Z. Investigation of biofilm production and its association with genetic and phenotypic characteristics of OM (osteomyelitis) and non-OM orthopedic Staphylococcus aureus. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2020; 19:10. [PMID: 32220258 PMCID: PMC7099788 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-020-00352-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Staphylococcus aureus is a primary pathogen of orthopedic infections. By mediating antimicrobial resistance, S. aureus biofilm plays an important role in the recalcitrance of orthopedic infections, especially for the intractable osteomyelitis (OM). This study investigated the relationship between biofilm production and various genetic or phenotypic characteristics among orthopedic S. aureus strains. Methods A total of 137 orthopedic S. aureus isolates were enrolled and divided into OM and non-OM groups. Biofilm production was evaluated using the crystal violet assay. Genetic and phenotypic characteristics including MRSA identification, MLST and spa typing, carriage of virulence genes, drug resistance, and patients’ inflammatory responses indicators were characterized. The relationship between biofilm production and above-mentioned features was respectively analyzed among all isolates and compared between OM and non-OM isolates. Results Biofilm production presented no significant difference between OM (including 9 MRSA isolates) and non-OM (including 21 MRSA isolates) strains. We found that ST88, t377 and ST630-MSSA-t377 strains produced very strong biofilms, while MLST types of ST15, ST25, ST398, ST5, ST59 and spa types of t002, t2325, t437 tended to produce weaker biofilms. Strains with the following profiles produced stronger biofilms: fib(+)-hlgv(+)-lukED(+)-sei(-)-sem(-)-seo(-) for all isolates, sei(-)-sem(-)-seo(-) for OM isolates, and cna (+)-fib (+)-hlgv (+)-lukED (+)-seb(-)-sed(-) for non-OM isolates. In addition, not any single drug resistance was found to be related to biofilm production. We also observed that, among OM patients, strains with stronger biofilms caused weaker inflammatory responses. Conclusion Some genetic or phenotypic characteristics of orthopedic strains were associated with biofilm production, and this association could be different among OM and non-OM strains. The results are of great significance for better understanding, evaluating and managing different kinds of biofilm-associated orthopedic infections, and provide potential targets for biofilm clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengpeng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan Main Street 30#, District Shapingba, Chongqing, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Dujiangyan Medical Center, Dujiangyan, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan Main Street 30#, District Shapingba, Chongqing, China.,Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan Main Street 30#, District Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan Main Street 30#, District Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongri Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan Main Street 30#, District Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan Main Street 30#, District Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaomei Hu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan Main Street 30#, District Shapingba, Chongqing, China.
| | - Zhao Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan Main Street 30#, District Shapingba, Chongqing, China.
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Zheng J, Chen Z, Lin Z, Sun X, Bai B, Xu G, Chen J, Yu Z, Qu D. Radezolid Is More Effective Than Linezolid Against Planktonic Cells and Inhibits Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm Formation. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:196. [PMID: 32117185 PMCID: PMC7033516 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of radezolid and linezolid on planktonic and biofilm cells of Enterococcus faecalis. A total of 302 E. faecalis clinical isolates were collected, and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of radezolid and linezolid were determined by the agar dilution method. Changes in the transcriptome of a high-level, in vitro-induced linezolid-resistant isolate were assessed by RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR, and the roles of efflux pump-related genes were confirmed by overexpression analysis. Biofilm biomass was evaluated by crystal violet staining and the adherent cells in the biofilms were quantified according to CFU numbers. The MIC50/MIC90 values of radezolid (0.25/0.50 mg/L) against the 302 E. faecalis clinical isolates were eightfold lower than those of linezolid (2/4 mg/L). The radezolid MICs against the high-level linezolid-resistant isolates (linezolid MICs ≥ 64 mg/L) increased to ≥ 4 mg/L with mutations in the four copies of the V domain of the 23S rRNA gene. The mRNA expression level of OG1RF_12220 (mdlB2, multidrug ABC superfamily ATP-binding cassette transporter) increased in the high-level linezolid-resistant isolates, and radezolid and linezolid MICs against the linezolid-sensitive isolate increased with overexpression of OG1RF_12220. Radezolid (at 1/4 or 1/8× the MIC) inhibited E. faecalis biofilm formation to a greater extent than linezolid, which was primarily achieved through the inhibition of ahrC, esp, relA, and relQ transcription in E. faecalis. In conclusion, radezolid is more effective than linezolid against planktonic E. faecalis cells and inhibits biofilm formation by this bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Science and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases and the Key Laboratory of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Science and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases and the Key Laboratory of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiwei Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and the Key Laboratory of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Science and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases and the Key Laboratory of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Bai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and the Key Laboratory of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangjian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Science and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases and the Key Laboratory of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junwen Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and the Key Laboratory of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhijian Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and the Key Laboratory of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Di Qu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Science and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Efficacy of Bacteriophages in a Staphylococcus aureus Nondiabetic or Diabetic Foot Infection Murine Model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:AAC.01870-19. [PMID: 31712203 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01870-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the in vivo efficacy of three bacteriophages combined compared with linezolid in two mouse models (nondiabetic and diabetic) of Staphylococcus aureus foot infection. In both models, a single injection of bacteriophages in the hindpaw showed significant antibacterial efficacy. Linezolid was as effective as bacteriophages in nondiabetic animals but ineffective in diabetic animals. These findings further support preclinical and clinical studies for the development of phage therapy.
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12
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Ghosh C, Bhowmik J, Ghosh R, Das MC, Sandhu P, Kumari M, Acharjee S, Daware AV, Akhter Y, Banerjee B, De UC, Bhattacharjee S. The anti-biofilm potential of triterpenoids isolated from Sarcochlamys pulcherrima (Roxb.) Gaud. Microb Pathog 2019; 139:103901. [PMID: 31790796 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Formation of biofilm is the major cause of Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated pathological manifestations in the urinary tract, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, skin, soft tissues etc. Triterpenoid group of compounds have shown their potential in reducing planktonic and biofilm form of bacteria. Sarcochlamys pulcherrima (Roxb.) Gaud. is an ethnomedicinal plant traditionally used for its anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory property. In the present study two triterpenoids, have been isolated from this plant, characterised and evaluated for their antibacterial and antibiofilm potential against P. aeruginosa. Compounds were characterised as 2α, 3β, 19α-trihydroxy-urs-12-ene-28-oic acid (Tormentic acid) and 2α, 3β, 23-trihydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (23-hydroxycorosolic acid) through spectroscopic studies viz. infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopy (MS). Depolarization of bacterial membrane and zone of inhibition studies revealed that both the compounds inhibited the growth of planktonic bacteria. Compounds were also found to inhibit the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilm. Inhibition of biofilm found to be mediated through suppressed secretion of pyoverdin, protease and swarming motility of P. aeruginosa. Gene expression study, in silico binding analysis, in vivo bacterial load and tissue histology observations also supported the antibiofilm activity of both the compounds. In vitro and in vivo study showed that both compounds were non-toxic. The study has explored the antibacterial and antibiofilm effect of two triterpenes isolated for the first time from S. pulcherrima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmoy Ghosh
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, 799022, Tripura, India; Molecular Stress and Stem Cell Biology Lab, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Joyanta Bhowmik
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, 799022, Tripura, India
| | - Ranjit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, 799022, Tripura, India
| | - Manash C Das
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, 799022, Tripura, India
| | - Padmani Sandhu
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, District-Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Monika Kumari
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, District-Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Shukdeb Acharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, 799022, Tripura, India
| | - Akshay Vishnu Daware
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, 799022, Tripura, India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India
| | - Birendranath Banerjee
- Molecular Stress and Stem Cell Biology Lab, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Utpal Chandra De
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, 799022, Tripura, India.
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, 799022, Tripura, India.
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13
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Pasquaroli S, Citterio B, Mangiaterra G, Biavasco F, Vignaroli C. Influence of sublethal concentrations of vancomycin and quinupristin/dalfopristin on the persistence of viable but non-culturable Staphylococcus aureus growing in biofilms. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:3526-3529. [PMID: 30169641 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Pasquaroli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Barbara Citterio
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Biotechnology Section University of Urbino 'Carlo Bo', Urbino, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Mangiaterra
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Biavasco
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carla Vignaroli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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14
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Luther MK, Mermel LA, LaPlante KL. Comparison of linezolid and vancomycin lock solutions with and without heparin against biofilm-producing bacteria. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2019; 74:e193-e201. [PMID: 28438824 DOI: 10.2146/ajhp150804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The activity of linezolid and vancomycin lock solutions against biofilm-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and Enterococcus faecalis was studied. METHODS Two strains each of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and S. epidermidis, and 1 strain of vancomycin-susceptible E. faecalis and vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis were tested against vancomycin and linezolid to assess prevention of biofilm formation and eradication of these pathogens within a formed biofilm. Activity was also tested in a 72-hour in vitro central venous catheter (CVC) model. After 24 hours of biofilm growth in a CVC, a lock solution containing vancomycin (2 or 5 mg/mL) or linezolid (1 or 2 mg/mL) alone or in combination with heparin sodium (5,000 units/mL with benzyl alcohol 0.45%) was instilled and incubated at 35 °C for 72 hr. Heparin and 0.9% sodium chloride injection were also tested. RESULTS Linezolid and vancomycin prevented biofilm formation below the minimum inhibitory concentration for 88% and 25% of isolates tested, respectively. The addition of preservative-containing heparin decreased the activity of vancomycin and linezolid lock solutions against all strains. Vancomycin 2- and 5-mg/mL lock solutions had the most activity against MSSA and E. faecalis strains (p < 0.01). Linezolid 2 mg/mL was the most active lock solution against the MRSA strains tested (p < 0.01). There were no significant differences in vancomycin or linezolid lock solution activity against S. epidermidis. CONCLUSION Heparin reduced activity of vancomycin and linezolid lock solutions against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and E. faecalis biofilms. While linezolid or vancomycin lock solution reduced overall biofilm burden, it did not completely eradicate the bacteria at tested concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Luther
- Rhode Island Infectious Diseases Research Program, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI.,Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI
| | - Leonard A Mermel
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Kerry L LaPlante
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI .,Rhode Island Infectious Diseases Research Program, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI.
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15
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The effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on the expression of biofilm associated genes in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from wound infections in burn patients. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 25:406-413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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16
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Synthesis and in vitro anticancer activity of new 2-thioxo-oxazolidin-4-one derivatives. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:633-641. [PMID: 28511054 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxazolidinones derivatives exhibit different biological properties, including anticancer activity. This work aimed to investigate the anticancer potential of five novel 2-Thioxo-oxazolidin-4-one derivatives. METHODS Cytotoxicity assays were performed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy individuals and seven tumor cell lines. Apoptosis detection and cell cycle were evaluated by flow cytometry and the expression of genes involved in cell death processes by Real-Time PCR. RESULTS All oxazolinedione derivatives were not cytotoxic in PBMCs. NB-5 showed the best results in cancer cells, inhibiting the growth of all tumor cell lines tested. NB-4 exhibited the highest cytotoxicity in Jurkat cells (IC50=15.19μM) and NB-3 showed better anticancer effects in HL-60 (17.84μM). Only NB-4 significantly induced apoptosis in acute leukemia cells (p=0.001). All compounds caused a significant increase in expression of pro-apoptotic gene BID (p<0.05) and BECN1 (p<0.05). NB-3 significantly modulated the expression of RIPK3 (p=0.02) and DDIT3 (p=0.014), while NB-2 induced an increase of CDKN1A (p=0.03) and NB-4 induced PPARγ gene (p=0.0006). CONCLUSION NB-5 showed antitumor effects in solid and hematopoietic cancer cells, while other derivatives produced higher activity against hematopoietic cells. In acute leukemia cells, oxazolidinone derivatives modulated the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, ER stress, necroptosis and inflammation.
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17
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Moreira CS, Silva ACJA, Novais JS, Sá Figueiredo AM, Ferreira VF, da Rocha DR, Castro HC. Searching for a potential antibacterial lead structure against bacterial biofilms among new naphthoquinone compounds. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 122:651-662. [PMID: 27930849 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aims of this study were to design, synthesize and to evaluate 2-hydroxy-3-phenylsulfanylmethyl-[1,4]-naphthoquinones against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and its biofilm, to probe for potential lead structures. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-six new analogues were prepared with good yields using a simple, fast, operational three-procedure reaction and a thiol addition to an ο-quinone methide using microwave irradiation. All compounds were tested against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 15290, Serratia marcescens ATCC 14756, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352, Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 23355, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, S. aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus simulans ATCC 27851, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 and a hospital strain of MRSA. Their antibacterial activity was determined using the disc diffusion method, revealing the activity of 19 compounds, mainly against Gram-positive strains. Interestingly, the minimal inhibitory concentration ranges detected for the hit molecules (32-128 μg ml-1 ) were within Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute levels. Promisingly, compound 15 affected the MRSA strain, with a reduction of up to 50% in biofilm formation, which is better than vancomycin as biofilm forms a barrier against the antibiotic that avoids its action. CONCLUSIONS After probing 36 naphthoquinones for a potential antibacterial lead structure against the bacterial biofilm, we found that compound 15 should be explored further and also should be structurally modified in the near future to test against Gram-negative strains. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Since vancomycin is one of the last treatment options currently available, and it is unable to inhibit biofilm, the research of new antimicrobials is urgent. In this context, 2-hydroxy-3-phenylsulfanylmethyl-[1,4]-naphthoquinones proved to be a promising lead structure against MRSA and bacterial biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Moreira
- Organic Chemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A C J A Silva
- Molecular and Cell Biology Department, PPBI, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J S Novais
- Molecular and Cell Biology Department, PPBI, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A M Sá Figueiredo
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Professor Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - V F Ferreira
- Organic Chemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D R da Rocha
- Organic Chemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - H C Castro
- Molecular and Cell Biology Department, PPBI, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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18
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Sasikala D, Srinivasan P. Characterization of potential lytic bacteriophage against Vibrio alginolyticus and its therapeutic implications on biofilm dispersal. Microb Pathog 2016; 101:24-35. [PMID: 27793690 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus is a leading cause of vibriosis, presenting opportunistic infections to humans associated with raw seafood contamination. At present, phage therapy that acts as an alternative sanitizing agent is explored for targeting V. alginolyticus. The study outcome revealed that the phage VP01 with its extreme lytic effect showed a high potential impact on the growth of V. alginolyticus as well as biofilm formation. Electron microscopy revealed the phage resemblance to Myoviridae, based on its morphology. Further study clarified that the phage VP01 possesses a broad host spectrum and amazing phage sensitivity at different pH, high thermal stability, and high burst size of 415 PFU/cell. In addition, the investigation of phage co-culturing against this pathogen resulted in a significant growth reduction even at less MOIs 0.1 and 1. These results suggest that the phage could be a promising candidate for the control of V. alginolyticus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakshinamurthy Sasikala
- Department of Bioinformatics, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pappu Srinivasan
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
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19
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Das MC, Sandhu P, Gupta P, Rudrapaul P, De UC, Tribedi P, Akhter Y, Bhattacharjee S. Attenuation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation by Vitexin: A combinatorial study with azithromycin and gentamicin. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23347. [PMID: 27000525 PMCID: PMC4802347 DOI: 10.1038/srep23347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial biofilm are communities of surface-adhered cells enclosed in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Extensive use of antibiotics to treat biofilm associated infections has led to the emergence of multiple drug resistant strains. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is recognised as a model biofilm forming pathogenic bacterium. Vitexin, a polyphenolic group of phytochemical with antimicrobial property, has been studied for its antibiofilm potential against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in combination with azithromycin and gentamicin. Vitexin shows minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 260 μg/ml. It’s antibiofilm activity was evaluated by safranin staining, protein extraction, microscopy methods, quantification of EPS and in vivo models using several sub-MIC doses. Various quorum sensing (QS) mediated phenomenon such as swarming motility, azocasein degrading protease activity, pyoverdin and pyocyanin production, LasA and LasB activity of the bacteria were also evaluated. Results showed marked attenuation in biofilm formation and QS mediated phenotype of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in presence of 110 μg/ml vitexin in combination with azithromycin and gentamicin separately. Molecular docking of vitexin with QS associated LuxR, LasA, LasI and motility related proteins showed high and reasonable binding affinity respectively. The study explores the antibiofilm potential of vitexin against P. aeruginosa which can be used as a new antibiofilm agent against microbial biofilm associated pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manash C Das
- Department of Molecular Biology &Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Padmani Sandhu
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Priya Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology &Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Prasenjit Rudrapaul
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Utpal C De
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Prosun Tribedi
- Department of Microbiology, Assam Don Bosco University, Guwahati, Assam 781017, India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology &Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
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20
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Martínez SR, Rocca DM, Aiassa V, Becerra MC. Linezolid as an eradication agent against assembled methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19670e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) biofilms eradicated by linezolid.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. R. Martínez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV)
- CONICET
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Córdoba
- Argentina
| | - D. M. Rocca
- Departamento de Farmacia
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Córdoba
- Argentina
| | - V. Aiassa
- Departamento de Farmacia
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Córdoba
- Argentina
| | - M. C. Becerra
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV)
- CONICET
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Córdoba
- Argentina
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21
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Sang Z, Long H, Yang T, Ye W, Yang X, Chen G, Wang Z, Luo Y. The in vivo and in vitro phase I metabolism of FYL-67, a novel oxazolidinone antibacterial drug, studied by LC-MS/MS. Drug Test Anal 2015; 8:976-84. [PMID: 26472252 DOI: 10.1002/dta.1887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, FYL-67, a novel linezolid analogue with the morpholinyl ring replaced by a 4-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl group, was demonstrated to own an excellent activity against Gram-positive organisms,such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, metabolic biotransformation was not investigated. This study was performed to identify the phase I metabolites of FYL-67 using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The chemical structures were confirmed by comparison with corresponding chemical standards obtained internal. Primary elucidation of the metabolic pathway of FYL-67 in vitro was performed using liver preparations (microsomes and hepatocytes) from rats and humans, and SD (Sprague Dawley, rat, rattus norvegicus) rats were used for the study of in vivo approach. To the end, two metabolites (M1 and M2 ) were detected after in vitro as well as in vivo experiments. Based on LC-MS/MS analyses, the metabolites were demonstrated to be 5-(aminomethyl)-3-(3-fluoro-4-(4-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl)oxazolidin-2-one (M1 ) and 3-(3-fluoro-4-(4-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxazolidin-2-one (M2 ). Amide hydrolysis at acetyl group of FYL-67 leading to the formation of M1 was observed and suggested to play a major role in both in vivo and in vitro phase I metabolism of FYL-67. M1 was demonstrated to undergo a further oxidation to form M2 . In addition, the results indicated no species difference existing between rats and humans. The outcomes of our research can be utilized for the development and validation of the analytical method for the quantification of FYL-67 as well as its metabolites in biological samples. Furthermore, it is helpful to conduct studies of pharmacodynamics and toxicodynamics. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitai Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Haiyue Long
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Bioengineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Gong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Zhenling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Youfu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
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