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Becce M, Klöckner A, Higgins SG, Penders J, Hachim D, Bashor CJ, Edwards AM, Stevens MM. Assessing the impact of silicon nanowires on bacterial transformation and viability of Escherichia coli. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4906-4914. [PMID: 34100486 PMCID: PMC8221286 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02762f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the biomaterial interface between the bacteria Escherichia coli DH5α and silicon nanowire patterned surfaces. We optimised the engineering of silicon nanowire coated surfaces using metal-assisted chemical etching. Using a combination of focussed ion beam scanning electron microscopy, and cell viability and transformation assays, we found that with increasing interfacing force, cell viability decreases, as a result of increasing cell rupture. However, despite this aggressive interfacing regime, a proportion of the bacterial cell population remains viable. We found that the silicon nanowires neither resulted in complete loss of cell viability nor partial membrane disruption and corresponding DNA plasmid transformation. Critically, assay choice was observed to be important, as a reduction-based metabolic reagent was found to yield false-positive results on the silicon nanowire substrate. We discuss the implications of these results for the future design and assessment of bacteria-nanostructure interfacing experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Becce
- Department of Materials, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Anna Klöckner
- Department of Materials, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Stuart G. Higgins
- Department of Materials, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Jelle Penders
- Department of Materials, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Daniel Hachim
- Department of Materials, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Caleb J. Bashor
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice UniversityHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Andrew M. Edwards
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
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Casado-Castillo F, Kobayashi T, Sekar P, Streit J, Molano De Pena I. Prosthetic hip infection due to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. IDCases 2021; 25:e01170. [PMID: 34094868 PMCID: PMC8167264 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2021.e01170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) due to Salmonella spp. is uncommon, with an estimated prevalence of <0.3 % of all PJI. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium are the most common isolates causing PJI. Risk factors include malignancy, hemoglobinopathies, diabetes mellitus, HIV/AIDS, alcohol dependency and immunosuppressed state. PJI due to Salmonella spp. can occur without significant preceding gastrointestinal symptoms of infection.
Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication of prosthetic joint implantation with a prevalence of about 1–2 % of all prosthetic joint surgeries. While Staphylococcus spp. are the most common organisms isolated, Salmonella spp. are a rare cause of PJI (estimated prevalence < 0.3 %). We present a case of a 62-year-old patient with a history of previous joint trauma complicated by osteonecrosis, infection and chronic alcohol abuse with late hematogenous prosthetic hip infection due to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. PJI due to Salmonella spp. should be considered in the differential diagnosis when a patient has risk factors such as malignancy, hemoglobinopathies, diabetes mellitus, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, alcohol dependency or immunosuppressed state, even without significant preceding gastrointestinal symptoms. Our patient had a few of these risk factors and required surgical debridement in addition to antimicrobials for treatment of his PJI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Casado-Castillo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, United States
| | - Takaaki Kobayashi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, United States
| | - Poorani Sekar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, United States
| | - Judy Streit
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, United States
| | - Ilonka Molano De Pena
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, United States
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Martínez‐Hernández M, Hannig M, García‐Pérez VI, Olivares‐Navarrete R, Fecher‐Trost C, Almaguer‐Flores A. Roughness and wettability of titanium implant surfaces modify the salivary pellicle composition. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 109:1017-1028. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Martínez‐Hernández
- Facultad de Odontología, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CDMX Mexico
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry University Hospital, Saarland University Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - Victor I. García‐Pérez
- Facultad de Odontología, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CDMX Mexico
| | - Rene Olivares‐Navarrete
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Claudia Fecher‐Trost
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Saarland University Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - Argelia Almaguer‐Flores
- Facultad de Odontología, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CDMX Mexico
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Ryan SP, Vovos TJ, Hong CS, Bergen MA, Formby PM, Bolognesi MP, Seyler TM. Treatment of Prosthetic Joint Infection: Established Patient Relationships May Impact Medical Decision-Making. J Arthroplasty 2019; 34:352-358. [PMID: 30482664 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2018.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Choosing the intervention for prosthetic joint infections, whether debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR), or explant and antibiotic spacer placement, is multifactorial. One characteristic that may influence this decision is a previously established relationship with the patient. We hypothesized that patients receiving their arthroplasty at an outside institution and presenting with infection would be more likely to undergo removal of their implant without an attempt at DAIR compared to patients who underwent primary arthroplasty at the investigating institution. METHODS The institutional database was queried for primary total hip and knee arthroplasty infections. Manual review of medical records was performed, excluding patients who did not meet the Musculoskeletal Infection Society definition of infection. Patient demographics, medical comorbidities, presenting infection characteristics, and surgical intervention were collected. Multivariable analysis was performed to determine the independent predictors of treatment. RESULTS A total of 270 patients were included for analysis. McPherson score (P < .001) and duration of symptoms (P < .001) were associated with subsequent treatment. Additionally, when controlling for age, gender, symptom duration category, procedure, McPherson score, and American Society of Anesthesiologists category, patients with index procedures at outside hospitals were more likely to undergo implant removal (odds ratio, 36.30; 95% confidence interval, 8.16-161.51; P < .001). CONCLUSION Patients receiving their primary arthroplasty at an outside hospital and presenting with infection are more likely to undergo removal of hardware as their initial treatment. To avoid treatment bias, institutional protocols should be implemented to guide the shared decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Ryan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC
| | - Tyler J Vovos
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC
| | - Cierra S Hong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC
| | - Michael A Bergen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC
| | - Peter M Formby
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC
| | | | - Thorsten M Seyler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC
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Gandhi R, Silverman E, Courtney PM, Lee GC. How Many Cultures Are Necessary to Identify Pathogens in the Management of Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Infections? J Arthroplasty 2017; 32:2825-2828. [PMID: 28479058 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of the infecting organism is critical to the successful management of deep prosthetic joint infections about the hip and the knee. However, the number of culture specimens and which culture specimens are best to identify these organisms is unknown. METHODS We evaluated 113 consecutive patients with infected total hip and total knee arthroplasties and correlated the type of culture specimen and number of specimens taken during surgery to the likelihood of a positive culture result. From these data, we subsequently developed a model to maximize culture yield at the time of surgical intervention. After exclusions, 74 patients meeting the Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria were left for final analysis. RESULTS From this cohort, 63 of 74 patients had a positive culture result (85%). The odds of a fluid culture result being positive was 35 of 47 (0.75), whereas the likelihood of tissue cultures yielding a positive result was 164 of 245 (0.67; P = .313). The sample designated "best culture" specimen was the only culture with a positive result in 1 of 48 cases in which a best culture was identified. The optimal number of cultures needed to yield a positive test result was 4 (specificity = 0.61 and sensitivity = 0.63). Increasing the number of samples increases sensitivity but reduces specificity. CONCLUSION A minimum of 4 tissue cultures from representative areas is necessary to maximize the chance of identifying the infecting organism during management of the infected total hip and total knee arthroplasties. The designation of the best culture specimen for additional testing is arbitrary and may not be clinically efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikesh Gandhi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Edward Silverman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul M Courtney
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gwo-Chin Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Pham VTH, Truong VK, Orlowska A, Ghanaati S, Barbeck M, Booms P, Fulcher AJ, Bhadra CM, Buividas R, Baulin V, Kirkpatrick CJ, Doran P, Mainwaring DE, Juodkazis S, Crawford RJ, Ivanova EP. "Race for the Surface": Eukaryotic Cells Can Win. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:22025-31. [PMID: 27494044 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b06415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
With an aging population and the consequent increasing use of medical implants, managing the possible infections arising from implant surgery remains a global challenge. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that a precise nanotopology provides an effective intervention in bacterial cocolonization enabling the proliferation of eukaryotic cells on a substratum surface, preinfected by both live Gram-negative, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Gram-positive, Staphylococcus aureus, pathogenic bacteria. The topology of the model black silicon (bSi) substratum not only favors the proliferation of eukaryotic cells but is biocompatible, not triggering an inflammatory response in the host. The attachment behavior and development of filopodia when COS-7 fibroblast cells are placed in contact with the bSi surface are demonstrated in the dynamic study, which is based on the use of real-time sequential confocal imaging. Bactericidal nanotopology may enhance the prospect for further development of inherently responsive antibacterial nanomaterials for bionic applications such as prosthetics and implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vy T H Pham
- School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Anna Orlowska
- Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt , Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt , Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mike Barbeck
- Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt , Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Patrick Booms
- Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt , Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alex J Fulcher
- Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Chris M Bhadra
- School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Ričardas Buividas
- School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Vladimir Baulin
- Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , 26 Avenue dels Paisos Catalans, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - C James Kirkpatrick
- Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt , Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pauline Doran
- School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - David E Mainwaring
- School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Saulius Juodkazis
- School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Russell J Crawford
- School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
- School of Science, RMIT University , P.O. Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
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Gaspar MP, Lou J, Kane PM, Jacoby SM, Osterman AL, Culp RW. Complications Following Partial and Total Wrist Arthroplasty: A Single-Center Retrospective Review. J Hand Surg Am 2016; 41:47-53.e4. [PMID: 26710734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe our institution's experience with complications following partial and total wrist arthroplasty (TWA). METHODS We performed a retrospective review of 105 wrist surgeries in 100 patients who underwent surgery with prosthetic replacement of the distal radius, the proximal carpus, or both at a single institution. Patient factors including age, sex, body mass index, handedness, underlying disease, and previous injury were recorded. Outcomes focused particularly on postoperative complications and need for revision surgery. RESULTS Forty-seven TWAs, 52 distal radius hemiarthroplasties, and 6 proximal carpal hemiarthroplasties were reviewed with a mean follow-up duration of 35 ± 28 months. Overall complication and revision rates were 51% (53 of 105) and 39% (41 of 105), respectively. Postoperative contracture accounted for the largest number of complications needing additional surgery (20%), followed by component failure (15%). Deep infections occurred in 2 TWAs and 1 distal radius hemiarthroplasty and required removal of hardware, antibiotic spacer placement, and a prolonged course of intravenous antibiotics prior to a definitive operation. Of those patients requiring additional surgery, 41% (n = 10) underwent at least 2 procedures, and 10% (n = 4) underwent at least 6 additional surgeries. CONCLUSIONS Although TWA and partial wrist arthroplasty are attractive treatment options for the painful arthritic wrist, there remains a noteworthy potential for complications requiring additional surgery. A detailed understanding of these risks is essential for surgeons so that patients may be counseled accordingly and that alternative treatment options may be considered. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Gaspar
- Philadelphia Hand Center, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Jesse Lou
- Philadelphia Hand Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Patrick M Kane
- Philadelphia Hand Center, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sidney M Jacoby
- Philadelphia Hand Center, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - A Lee Osterman
- Philadelphia Hand Center, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Randall W Culp
- Philadelphia Hand Center, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
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De Vecchi E, Bottagisio M, Bortolin M, Toscano M, Lovati AB, Drago L. Improving the Bacterial Recovery by Using Dithiothreitol with Aerobic and Anaerobic Broth in Biofilm-Related Prosthetic and Joint Infections. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 973:31-39. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2016_51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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