1
|
Genome-Wide Association Study for Spot Blotch Resistance in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081387. [PMID: 36011298 PMCID: PMC9407756 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Spot blotch (SB) caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem is a destructive fungal disease affecting wheat and many other crops. Synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) offers opportunities to explore new resistance genes for SB for introgression into elite bread wheat. The objectives of our study were to evaluate a collection of 441 SHWs for resistance to SB and to identify potential new genomic regions associated with the disease. The panel exhibited high SB resistance, with 250 accessions showing resistance and 161 showing moderate resistance reactions. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed a total of 41 significant marker–trait associations for resistance to SB, being located on chromosomes 1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A, 3B, 3D, 4A, 4D, 5A, 5D, 6D, 7A, and 7D; yet none of them exhibited a major phenotypic effect. In addition, a partial least squares regression was conducted to validate the marker–trait associations, and 15 markers were found to be most important for SB resistance in the panel. To our knowledge, this is the first GWAS to investigate SB resistance in SHW that identified markers and resistant SHW lines to be utilized in wheat breeding.
Collapse
|
2
|
Sharma S, Schulthess AW, Bassi FM, Badaeva ED, Neumann K, Graner A, Özkan H, Werner P, Knüpffer H, Kilian B. Introducing Beneficial Alleles from Plant Genetic Resources into the Wheat Germplasm. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:982. [PMID: 34681081 PMCID: PMC8533267 DOI: 10.3390/biology10100982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum sp.) is one of the world's most important crops, and constantly increasing its productivity is crucial to the livelihoods of millions of people. However, more than a century of intensive breeding and selection processes have eroded genetic diversity in the elite genepool, making new genetic gains difficult. Therefore, the need to introduce novel genetic diversity into modern wheat has become increasingly important. This review provides an overview of the plant genetic resources (PGR) available for wheat. We describe the most important taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of these PGR to guide their use in wheat breeding. In addition, we present the status of the use of some of these resources in wheat breeding programs. We propose several introgression schemes that allow the transfer of qualitative and quantitative alleles from PGR into elite germplasm. With this in mind, we propose the use of a stage-gate approach to align the pre-breeding with main breeding programs to meet the needs of breeders, farmers, and end-users. Overall, this review provides a clear starting point to guide the introgression of useful alleles over the next decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shivali Sharma
- Global Crop Diversity Trust, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 7, D-53113 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Albert W. Schulthess
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr. 3, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (A.W.S.); (K.N.); (A.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Filippo M. Bassi
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat 10112, Morocco;
| | - Ekaterina D. Badaeva
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Kerstin Neumann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr. 3, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (A.W.S.); (K.N.); (A.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Andreas Graner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr. 3, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (A.W.S.); (K.N.); (A.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Hakan Özkan
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Çukurova, Adana 01330, Turkey;
| | - Peter Werner
- Global Crop Diversity Trust, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 7, D-53113 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Helmut Knüpffer
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr. 3, D-06466 Seeland, Germany; (A.W.S.); (K.N.); (A.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Benjamin Kilian
- Global Crop Diversity Trust, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 7, D-53113 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.); (P.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aradottir GI, Crespo-Herrera L. Host plant resistance in wheat to barley yellow dwarf viruses and their aphid vectors: a review. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 45:59-68. [PMID: 33545435 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cereal aphids are vectors of at least 11 species of Barley Yellow Dwarf Viruses (BYDV) in wheat that alone and/or in combination can cause between 5%-80% grain yield losses. They establish complex virus-vector interactions, with variations in specificity and transmission efficiency that need to be considered for control purposes. In general, these viruses and vectors have a global distribution, however, BYDV-PAV is the most prevalent and abundant virus species worldwide, likely due to its vectoring efficiency and the wide distribution of its primary vector Rhopalosiphum padi. Host plant resistance (HPR) is an environmentally friendly, efficient and cost-effective tool to reduce crop losses to biotic stressors such as aphids and viruses. Finding resistance sources is paramount to breed for HPR. Currently, most of the resistance identified for aphids and BYDV derives from wheat related and wild relative species. However, breeding for HPR to BYDV and its vectors has additional challenges besides the source identification, for example, the lack of selection tools for certain aphid species, which likely prevents the development of elite wheat germplasm carrying resistance to these constraints. Nonetheless, modern technologies such as high-throughput phenotyping, genomic and advanced statistical tools can contribute to make HPR to aphids and BYDV more efficient. In the present review we describe the main sources of resistance, discuss the challenges and opportunities for incorporating the resistance in wheat breeding programs and present a workflow to breed for BYDV and its vectors in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo Crespo-Herrera
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico DF, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Platková H, Skuhrovec J, Saska P. Antibiosis to Metopolophium dirhodum (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Spring Wheat and Emmer Cultivars. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:2979-2985. [PMID: 33295988 PMCID: PMC7792919 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Yield losses caused by pests, including aphids, can be substantial in cereals. Breeding for resistance against aphids is therefore desirable for enhancing the economic and environmental sustainability of cereal production. The aim of our study was to reveal the degree of antibiosis against Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Homoptera: Aphididae), in four cultivars of spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L. ('Alicia', 'Odeta', 'Libertina', 'Astrid'), and two cultivars of emmer, Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccum (Schrank ex Schübler) Thell. ('Rudico', 'Tapiruz') (both Poales: Poaceae) under controlled laboratory conditions. Using age-stage, two-sex life table, we quantified responses of M. dirhodum to each cultivar and to project population growth. The spring wheat and emmer cultivars varied in their suitability to M. dirhodum. The cultivar most susceptible to M. dirhodum was the emmer cultivar 'Rudico'; the projected population size of M. dirhodum on this cultivar was one order of magnitude larger than those on other cultivars. The most resistant cultivar was the spring wheat cultivar 'Libertina'. Since emmer is commonly used as a gene source for breeding T. aestivum, we advocate that care be taken to avoid the transmission of genes responsible for suitability to aphids from emmer to T. aestivum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Platková
- Functional Diversity Group, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská, Praha – Ruzyně, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Skuhrovec
- Functional Diversity Group, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská, Praha – Ruzyně, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Saska
- Functional Diversity Group, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská, Praha – Ruzyně, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rebetzke GJ, Jimenez-Berni J, Fischer RA, Deery DM, Smith DJ. Review: High-throughput phenotyping to enhance the use of crop genetic resources. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 282:40-48. [PMID: 31003610 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Improved genetic, genomic and statistical technologies have increased the capacity to enrich breeding populations for key alleles underpinning adaptation and continued genetic gain. In turn, directed genomic selection together with increased heritability will reduce genetic variance to narrow the genetic base in many crop breeding programs. Diverse genetic resources (GR), including wild and weedy relatives, landraces and reconstituted synthetics, have potential to contribute novel alleles for key traits. Targeted trait identification may also identify genetic diversity in addressing new challenges including the need for modified root architecture, greater nutrient-use efficiency, and adaptation to warmer air and soil temperatures forecast with climate change. Yet while core collections and other GR sources have historically been invaluable for major gene control of disease and subsoil constraints, the mining of genetically (and phenotypically) complex traits in GR remains a significant challenge owing to reduced fertility, limited seed quantities and poor adaptation through linkage drag with undesirable alleles. High-throughput field phenomics (HTFP) offers the opportunity to capture phenotypically complex variation underpinning adaptation in traditional phenotypic selection or statistics-based breeding programs. Targeted HTFP will permit the reliable phenotyping of greater numbers of GR-derived breeding lines using smaller plot sizes and at earlier stages of population development to reduce the duration of breeding cycles and the loss of potentially important alleles with linkage drag. Two key opportunities are highlighted for use of HTFP in selection among GR-derived wheat breeding lines for greater biomass and stomatal conductance through canopy temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G J Rebetzke
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - J Jimenez-Berni
- High Resolution Plant Phenomics Centre, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - R A Fischer
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - D M Deery
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - D J Smith
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Private Mail Bag, Yanco NSW 2073 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dreisigacker S, Kishii M, Lage J, Warburton M. Use of synthetic hexaploid wheat to increase diversity for CIMMYT bread wheat improvement. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1071/ar07225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To date, the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) has produced more than 1000 synthetic hexaploid wheats (SHWs), using diverse accessions of the D genome donor species (Aegilops tauschii). Many of these SHWs produced from many different Ae. tauschii have shown resistance or tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses, indicating the potential importance of the Ae. tauschii gene pool for breeding purposes. SHWs were backcrossed to CIMMYT improved germplasm to produce synthetic backcross-derived lines (SBLs), which are agronomically similar to the improved parents, but retain the introgressed traits of interest under selection and thereby new diversity. Molecular studies show that SHWs and SBLs are genetically diverse at the DNA level when compared with traditional bread wheat cultivars and preferential transmission of some alleles from the SHW parent has been seen in all genomes, indicating positive selection. Marker analyses of wheat cultivars released over time indicate that SBLs are ideal materials to simultaneously increase yield and diversity for other traits. Following successful diversification of the wheat D genome, CIMMYT has shifted to target improvement of hexaploid wheat via the A and B genomes, focusing on specific traits. Screening the CIMMYT germplasm collection of T. turgidum subsp. dicoccum for Russian wheat aphid resistance and drought tolerance revealed varying levels of phenotypic expression. Promising accessions will be used for the production of new SHWs for future introgressions into elite bread wheat backgrounds.
Collapse
|