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Recent Changes in Genetic Diversity, Structure, and Gene Flow in a Passerine Experiencing a Rapid Population Decline, the Dupont’s Lark (Chersophilus duponti). DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14121120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring temporal dynamics in genetic diversity is of great importance for conservation, especially for threatened species that are suffering a rapid population decline and increased fragmentation. Here, we investigate temporal variation in genetic diversity, structure, and gene flow in the Dupont’s lark (Chersophilus duponti) across most of its range. This species shows increasing levels of population fragmentation, substantial population declines, and severe range contraction, so temporal losses of genetic diversity, increasing differentiation, and decreasing gene flow are expected when comparing present day data with previous situations. To address this, we resampled sites (nine regions in two countries) after 12–15 years (five-to-seven generations) and assessed changes in genetic parameters using 11 microsatellite markers. We found no substantial loss in genetic diversity over time at the species level, but we detected considerable variation among regions in the amount of allelic diversity and heterozygosity lost over time. Temporal variation in allele frequencies (common, rare, and private alleles), and changes in genetic differentiation and gene flow over time suggest a major role of connectivity for the stability of the overall metapopulation. Our results agree with the hypothesis that connectivity rescues genetic diversity via immigration and gene flow. However, evidence of recent genetic bottleneck and the substantial changes detected in some regions are clear signs of genetic erosion and may be signalling a rapid decline of the populations. Urgent actions must be carried out to stop and reverse human impacts on this threatened lark and its habitat.
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2
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Hernandez J, Villalobos-Leiva A, Bermúdez A, Ahumada-C D, Suazo MJ, Correa M, Díaz A, Benítez HA. Ecomorphology and Morphological Disparity of Caquetaia Kraussii (Perciformes: Cichlidae) in Colombia. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233438. [PMID: 36496959 PMCID: PMC9737233 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the interspecific morphological variability of Caquetaia kraussii (Perciformes: Cichlidae) between different localities in its distribution range is becoming essential, as this species constitutes a valuable resource for the economy and subsistence of the local human communities where it is endemic in Colombia and Venezuela. In order to develop efficient farming and handling plans for this species, a deep understanding of the factors and mechanisms generating morphological variability is crucial. This study analyzes the morphological variability of C. kraussii by using geometric morphometrics in four localities distributed between the Dique and North channels, which are part of the Bolívar department in Colombia. Likewise, the effect of environmental variables such as temperature (T°), dissolved oxygen (OD) and pH on morphological variability was analyzed using a partial least squares approach. The results show that environmental stress has an influence on ~10% of the body shape of C. kraussii, whereas ~90% of the body shape is not directly influenced by environmental parameters, suggesting an effect from stress related to sexual dimorphism. Similarly, the analyses show shape variation among localities, mainly between populations of lotic environments and those of lentic environments. This morphological disparity seems to be subject to environmental and sexual stresses in the different localities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Hernandez
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología Descriptiva y Aplicada, Programa de Biología, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 130015, Colombia
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (H.A.B.)
| | - Amado Villalobos-Leiva
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Adriana Bermúdez
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología Descriptiva y Aplicada, Programa de Biología, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 130015, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación Hidrobiología, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 130015, Colombia
| | - Daniela Ahumada-C
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología Descriptiva y Aplicada, Programa de Biología, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 130015, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación Hidrobiología, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 130015, Colombia
| | - Manuel J. Suazo
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Margarita Correa
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
| | - Angie Díaz
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Hugo A. Benítez
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Avenida Viel 1497, Santiago 8370993, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (H.A.B.)
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3
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Atkinson TL, Gray SM. Intra‐population variation in male nuptial coloration and diet across anthropogenically altered visual microhabitats in an African cichlid. J Zool (1987) 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. L. Atkinson
- School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
| | - S. M. Gray
- School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
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4
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Vargas-Fonseca OA, Yates P, Kirkman SP, Pistorius PA, Moore DM, Natoli A, Cockcroft V, Hoelzel AR. Population structure associated with bioregion and seasonal prey distribution for Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) in South Africa. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:4642-4659. [PMID: 34289192 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Many marine species exhibit fine-scale population structure despite high mobility and a lack of physical barriers to dispersal, but the evolutionary drivers of differentiation in these systems are generally poorly understood. Here we investigate the potential role of habitat transitions and seasonal prey distributions on the evolution of population structure in the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus, off South Africa's coast, using double-digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing. Population structure was identified between the eastern and southern coasts and correlated with the habitat transition between the temperate Agulhas (southern) and subtropical Natal (eastern) Bioregions, suggesting differentiation driven by resource specializations. Differentiation along the Natal coast was comparatively weak, but was evident in some analyses and varied depending on whether the samples were collected during or outside the seasonal sardine (Sardinops sagax) run. This local abundance of prey could influence the ranging patterns and apparent genetic structure of T. aduncus. These findings have significant and transferable management implications, most importantly in terms of differentiating populations inhabiting distinct bioregions and seasonal structural patterns within a region associated with the movement of prey resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Alejandra Vargas-Fonseca
- Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.,Marine Apex Predator Research Unit (MAPRU), Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Paige Yates
- Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, Durham, UK
| | - Stephan P Kirkman
- Marine Apex Predator Research Unit (MAPRU), Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.,Branch: Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries (DEFF), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Pierre A Pistorius
- Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.,Marine Apex Predator Research Unit (MAPRU), Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Daniel M Moore
- Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, Durham, UK
| | - Ada Natoli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, United Arab Emirates.,UAE Dolphin Project, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Victor Cockcroft
- Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - A Rus Hoelzel
- Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, Durham, UK
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5
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Cohen O, Ram Y, Hadany L, Gafny S, Geffen E. Annual climatic fluctuations and short-term genetic variation in the eastern spadefoot toad. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13514. [PMID: 34188104 PMCID: PMC8241830 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92696-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to variations on the spatial scale, short- and long-term temporal variations, too, can impose intense selection on the overall genetic diversity and composition of a population. We hypothesized that the allelic composition in populations of the eastern spadefoot toad (Pelobates syriacus) would change among successive years in accordance with the short-term changes in environmental conditions. Surprisingly, the effect of short-term climate fluctuations on genetic composition have rarely been addressed in the literature, and to our knowledge the effect of annual climatic fluctuations have not been considered meaningful. Our findings show that climatic variation among successive years, primarily the amount of rainfall and rainy days, can significantly alter both microsatellite allelic composition and diversity. We suggest that environmental (i.e. fluctuating) selection is differential across the globe, and that its intensity is expected to be greatest in regions where short-term climatic conditions are least stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orly Cohen
- School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoav Ram
- School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lilach Hadany
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sarig Gafny
- Faculty of Marine Sciences, Ruppin Academic Center, 40297, Michmoret, Israel
| | - Eli Geffen
- School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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6
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Mojekwu TO, Cunningham MJ, Bills RI, Pretorius PC, Hoareau TB. Utility of DNA barcoding in native Oreochromis species. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 98:498-506. [PMID: 33070327 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The importance of Oreochromis in worldwide aquaculture and regional fisheries motivates the study of their genetic diversity in their native range. In this article, all mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) sequences of Oreochromis species are retrieved from Barcode of Life Data system to quantify the available DNA barcoding information from wild individuals collected within the native ranges of the respective species. It is found that 70% of the known species in the genus still lack a COI barcode, and only 15% of the available sequences are from within the respective native ranges. Many of the available sequences have been produced from specimens acquired from aquaculture and introduced, naturalized populations, making the assessment of variation within the original native range challenging. Analyses of the wild-collected fraction of available sequences indicated the presence of cryptic lineages within Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O. schwebischi, the occurrence of potential introgressive hybridization between O. niloticus and blue tilapia O. aureus, and potential ancestral polymorphism between Karonga tilapia O. karongae and black tilapia O. placidus. This article also reports a case of misidentification of O. mweruensis as longfin tilapia O. macrochir. These results stress the importance of improving the knowledge of genetic variation within the native ranges of Oreochromis species for better-informed conservation of these natural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonna O Mojekwu
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Michael J Cunningham
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Roger I Bills
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Petrus C Pretorius
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Thierry B Hoareau
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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7
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Inostroza PA, Vera-Escalona I, Wild R, Norf H, Brauns M. Tandem Action of Natural and Chemical Stressors in Stream Ecosystems: Insights from a Population Genetic Perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:7962-7971. [PMID: 29898597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural and urban land use has dramatically increased over the last century and one consequence is the release of anthropogenic chemicals into aquatic ecosystems. One of the rarely studied consequences is the effect of land use change on internal concentrations of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in aquatic invertebrates and its effects on their genotype diversity. Here, we applied population genetic and internal concentrations of OMPs analyses to determine evolutionary implications of chemical pollution on Gammarus pulex populations from a natural and two agricultural streams. Along 14 consecutive months sampled, 26 different OMPs were quantified in G. pulex extracts with the highest number, concentration, and toxic pressure in the anthropogenically stressed stream ecosystems. Our results indicate distinct internal OMP profiles and changes in both genetic variation and genetic structure in streams affected by anthropogenic activity. Genetic variation was attributed to chemical pollution whereas changes in the genetic structure were attributed to environmental disturbances, such as changes in discharge in the impacted stream ecosystems, which worked both independently and in tandem. Finally, we conclude that human-impacted streams are subjected to severe alterations in their population genetic patterns compared to nonimpacted stream ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A Inostroza
- Department of River Ecology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Brückstraße 3A , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Iván Vera-Escalona
- Department of Biology , Dalhousie University , 1355 Oxford St. , Halifax , Canada
| | - Romy Wild
- Department of River Ecology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Brückstraße 3A , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Helge Norf
- Department of River Ecology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Brückstraße 3A , Magdeburg , Germany
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis and Management , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Brückstraße 3A , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Mario Brauns
- Department of River Ecology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Brückstraße 3A , Magdeburg , Germany
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8
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Two decades of genetic consistency in a reproductive population in the face of exploitation: patterns of adult and larval walleye (Sander vitreus) from Lake Erie’s Maumee River. CONSERV GENET 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-016-0866-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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9
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Hinkson KM, Richter SC. Temporal trends in genetic data and effective population size support efficacy of management practices in critically endangered dusky gopher frogs (Lithobates sevosus). Ecol Evol 2016; 6:2667-78. [PMID: 27066242 PMCID: PMC4798149 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring temporal changes in population genetic diversity and effective population size can provide vital information on future viability. The dusky gopher frog, Lithobates sevosus, is a critically endangered species found only in coastal Mississippi, with low genetic variability as a consequence of isolation and population size reduction. Conservation management practices have been implemented, but their efficacy has not been addressed. We genotyped individuals collected 1997-2014 to determine temporal trends in population genetic variation, structure, and effective size. Observed and expected heterozygosity and allelic richness revealed temporally stable, but low, levels of genetic variation. Positive levels of inbreeding were found in each year. There was weak genetic structure among years, which can be attributed to increased effects of genetic drift and inbreeding in small populations. L. sevosus exhibited an increase in effective population size, and currently has an estimated effective size of 33.0-58.6 individuals, which is approximately half the census size. This large ratio could possibly be explained by genetic compensation. We found that management practices have been effective at maintaining and improving effective size and genetic diversity, but that additional strategies need to be implemented to enhance viability of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M. Hinkson
- Department of Biological SciencesEastern Kentucky UniversityRichmondKentucky40475
| | - Stephen C. Richter
- Department of Biological SciencesEastern Kentucky UniversityRichmondKentucky40475
- Division of Natural AreasEastern Kentucky UniversityRichmondKentucky40475
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10
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McNeil GV, Friesen CN, Gray SM, Aldredge A, Chapman LJ. Male colour variation in a eurytopic African cichlid: the role of diet and hypoxia. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia V. McNeil
- Department of Biology; McGill University; 1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue Montreal QC H3A 1B1 Canada
| | - Caitlin N. Friesen
- Department of Biology; McGill University; 1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue Montreal QC H3A 1B1 Canada
| | - Suzanne M. Gray
- Department of Biology; McGill University; 1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue Montreal QC H3A 1B1 Canada
| | - Amalia Aldredge
- Department of Biology; McGill University; 1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue Montreal QC H3A 1B1 Canada
| | - Lauren J. Chapman
- Department of Biology; McGill University; 1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue Montreal QC H3A 1B1 Canada
- Wildlife Conservation Society; 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx NY 10460 USA
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11
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Gu QH, Husemann M, Ding B, Luo Z, Xiong BX. Population genetic structure of Bellamya aeruginosa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Viviparidae) in China: weak divergence across large geographic distances. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:4906-19. [PMID: 26640670 PMCID: PMC4662307 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bellamya aeruginosa is a widely distributed Chinese freshwater snail that is heavily harvested, and its natural habitats are under severe threat due to fragmentation and loss. We were interested whether the large geographic distances between populations and habitat fragmentation have led to population differentiation and reduced genetic diversity in the species. To estimate the genetic diversity and population structure of B. aeruginosa, 277 individuals from 12 populations throughout its distribution range across China were sampled: two populations were sampled from the Yellow River system, eight populations from the Yangtze River system, and two populations from isolated plateau lakes. We used seven microsatellite loci and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I sequences to estimate population genetic parameters and test for demographic fluctuations. Our results showed that (1) the genetic diversity of B. aeruginosa was high for both markers in most of the studied populations and effective population sizes appear to be large, (2) only very low and mostly nonsignificant levels of genetic differentiation existed among the 12 populations, gene flow was generally high, and (3) relatively weak geographic structure was detected despite large geographic distances between populations. Further, no isolation by linear or stream distance was found among populations within the Yangtze River system and no signs of population bottlenecks were detected. Gene flow occurred even between far distant populations, possibly as a result of passive dispersal during flooding events, zoochoric dispersal, and/or anthropogenic translocations explaining the lack of stronger differentiation across large geographic distances. The high genetic diversity of B. aeruginosa and the weak population differentiation are likely the results of strong gene flow facilitated by passive dispersal and large population sizes suggesting that the species currently is not of conservation concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian H Gu
- College of Fisheries Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China
| | - Martin Husemann
- General Zoology Institute of Biology Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Baoqing Ding
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269-3043
| | - Zhi Luo
- College of Fisheries Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China
| | - Bang X Xiong
- College of Fisheries Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China
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12
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Pilger TJ, Gido KB, Propst DL, Whitney JE, Turner TF. Comparative conservation genetics of protected endemic fishes in an arid-land riverscape. CONSERV GENET 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-015-0707-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Wang IJ, Bradburd GS. Isolation by environment. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:5649-62. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 505] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian J. Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management; University of California; 130 Mulford Hall #3114 Berkeley CA 94705 USA
| | - Gideon S. Bradburd
- Center for Population Biology; Department of Evolution and Ecology; University of California; 2320 Storer Hall 1 Shields Ave Davis CA 95616 USA
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14
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Habel JC, Husemann M, Finger A, Danley PD, Zachos FE. The relevance of time series in molecular ecology and conservation biology. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2013; 89:484-92. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan C. Habel
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management; Technische Universität München; Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz D-85350 Freising-Weihenstephan Germany
| | - Martin Husemann
- Biology Department; Baylor University, One Bear Place 97388; Waco TX 76798 U.S.A
| | - Aline Finger
- Genetics and Conservation; Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row; Edinburgh EH3 5LR U.K
| | - Patrick D. Danley
- Biology Department; Baylor University, One Bear Place 97388; Waco TX 76798 U.S.A
| | - Frank E. Zachos
- Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7; 1010 Vienna Austria
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15
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Hurtado LA, Carrera E, Adite A, Winemiller KO. Genetic differentiation of a primitive teleost, the African bonytongue Heterotis niloticus, among river basins and within a floodplain river system in Benin, West Africa. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2013; 83:682-690. [PMID: 23991884 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Examination of eight microsatellite DNA loci revealed high levels of genetic differentiation among populations of the African bonytongue Heterotis niloticus from three river basins that constitute important fishing areas in Benin. Low levels of population genetic differentiation were detected within the Ouemé-Sô River floodplain system. These results have important implications for conservation and management of stocks supporting important inland fisheries in West Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Hurtado
- Interdisciplinary Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2258, USA.
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16
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Millet A, Kristjánsson BK, Einarsson A, Räsänen K. Spatial phenotypic and genetic structure of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in a heterogeneous natural system, Lake Mývatn, Iceland. Ecol Evol 2013; 3:3219-32. [PMID: 24223263 PMCID: PMC3797472 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Eco-evolutionary responses of natural populations to spatial environmental variation strongly depend on the relative strength of environmental differences/natural selection and dispersal/gene flow. In absence of geographic barriers, as often is the case in lake ecosystems, gene flow is expected to constrain adaptive divergence between environments – favoring phenotypic plasticity or high trait variability. However, if divergent natural selection is sufficiently strong, adaptive divergence can occur in face of gene flow. The extent of divergence is most often studied between two contrasting environments, whereas potential for multimodal divergence is little explored. We investigated phenotypic (body size, defensive structures, and feeding morphology) and genetic (microsatellites) structure in threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) across five habitat types and two basins (North and South) within the geologically young and highly heterogeneous Lake Mývatn, North East Iceland. We found that (1) North basin stickleback were, on average, larger and had relatively longer spines than South basin stickleback, whereas (2) feeding morphology (gill raker number and gill raker gap width) differed among three of five habitat types, and (3) there was only subtle genetic differentiation across the lake. Overall, our results indicate predator and prey mediated phenotypic divergence across multiple habitats in the lake, in face of gene flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Millet
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish Biology, Hólar University College IS-551, Sauðárkrókur, Iceland
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17
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Firmat C, Alibert P, Losseau M, Baroiller JF, Schliewen UK. Successive invasion-mediated interspecific hybridizations and population structure in the endangered cichlid Oreochromis mossambicus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63880. [PMID: 23671704 PMCID: PMC3650077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybridization between invasive and native species accounts among the major and pernicious threats to biodiversity. The Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus, a widely used freshwater aquaculture species, is especially imperiled by this phenomenon since it is recognized by the IUCN as an endangered taxon due to genetic admixture with O. niloticus an invasive congeneric species. The Lower Limpopo and the intermittent Changane River (Mozambique) drain large wetlands of potentially great importance for conservation of O. mossambicus, but their populations have remained unstudied until today. Therefore we aimed (1) to estimate the autochthonous diversity and population structure among genetically pure O. mossambicus populations to provide a baseline for the conservation genetics of this endangered species, (2) to quantify and describe genetic variation of the invasive populations and investigate the most likely factors influencing their spread, (3) to identify O. mossambicus populations unaffected by hybridization. Bayesian assignment tests based on 423 AFLP loci and the distribution of 36 species-specific mitochondrial haplotypes both indicate a low frequency of invasive and hybrid genotypes throughout the system, but nevertheless reveal evidence for limited expansion of two alien species (O. niloticus and O. andersonii) and their hybrids in the Lower Limpopo. O. mossambicus populations with no traces of hybridization are identified. They exhibit a significant genetic structure. This contrasts with previously published estimates and provides rather promising auspices for the conservation of O. mossambicus. Especially, parts of the Upper Changane drainage and surrounding wetlands are identified as refugial zones for O. mossambicus populations. They should therefore receive high conservation priority and could represent valuable candidates for the development of aquaculture strains based on local genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Firmat
- UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences - Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.
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Pukk L, Kuparinen A, Järv L, Gross R, Vasemägi A. Genetic and life-history changes associated with fisheries-induced population collapse. Evol Appl 2013; 6:749-760. [PMID: 29387163 PMCID: PMC5779128 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the recent years, growing number of studies suggests that intensive size-selective fishing can cause evolutionary changes in life-history traits in the harvested population, which can have drastic negative effects on populations, ecosystems and fisheries. However, most studies to date have overlooked the potential role of immigration of fish with different phenotypes as an alternative plausible mechanism behind observed phenotypic trends. Here, we investigated the evolutionary consequences of intensive fishing simultaneously at phenotypic and molecular level in Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) population in the Baltic Sea over a 24-year period. We detected marked changes in size- and age-distributions and increase in juvenile growth rate. We also observed reduction of age at sexual maturity in males that has frequently been considered to support the hypothesis of fisheries-induced evolution. However, combined individual-based life-history and genetic analyses indicated increased immigration of foreign individuals with different life-history patterns as an alternative mechanism behind the observed phenotypic change. This study demonstrates the value of combining genetic and phenotypic analyses and suggests that replacement or breakdown of locally adapted gene complexes may play important role in impeding the recovery of fish populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Pukk
- Department of Aquaculture Estonian University of Life Sciences Estonia
| | - Anna Kuparinen
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki Finland.,Ecological Genetics Research Unit Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Leili Järv
- Estonian Marine Institute University of Tartu Estonia
| | - Riho Gross
- Department of Aquaculture Estonian University of Life Sciences Estonia
| | - Anti Vasemägi
- Department of Aquaculture Estonian University of Life Sciences Estonia.,Department of Biology University of Turku Finland
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Bezault E, Balaresque P, Toguyeni A, Fermon Y, Araki H, Baroiller JF, Rognon X. Spatial and temporal variation in population genetic structure of wild Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) across Africa. BMC Genet 2011; 12:102. [PMID: 22151746 PMCID: PMC3260159 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-12-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reconstructing the evolutionary history of a species is challenging. It often depends not only on the past biogeographic and climatic events but also the contemporary and ecological factors, such as current connectivity and habitat heterogeneity. In fact, these factors might interact with each other and shape the current species distribution. However, to what extent the current population genetic structure reflects the past and the contemporary factors is largely unknown. Here we investigated spatio-temporal genetic structures of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) populations, across their natural distribution in Africa. While its large biogeographic distribution can cause genetic differentiation at the paleo-biogeographic scales, its restricted dispersal capacity might induce a strong genetic structure at micro-geographic scales. Results Using nine microsatellite loci and 350 samples from ten natural populations, we found the highest genetic differentiation among the three ichthyofaunal provinces and regions (Ethiopian, Nilotic and Sudano-Sahelian) (RST = 0.38 - 0.69). This result suggests the predominant effect of paleo-geographic events at macro-geographic scale. In addition, intermediate divergences were found between rivers and lakes within the regions, presumably reflecting relatively recent interruptions of gene flow between hydrographic basins (RST = 0.24 - 0.32). The lowest differentiations were observed among connected populations within a basin (RST = 0.015 in the Volta basin). Comparison of temporal sample series revealed subtle changes in the gene pools in a few generations (F = 0 - 0.053). The estimated effective population sizes were 23 - 143 and the estimated migration rate was moderate (m ~ 0.094 - 0.097) in the Volta populations. Conclusions This study revealed clear hierarchical patterns of the population genetic structuring of O. niloticus in Africa. The effects of paleo-geographic and climatic events were predominant at macro-geographic scale, and the significant effect of geographic connectivity was detected at micro-geographic scale. The estimated effective population size, the moderate level of dispersal and the rapid temporal change in genetic composition might reflect a potential effect of life history strategy on population dynamics. This hypothesis deserves further investigation. The dynamic pattern revealed at micro-geographic and temporal scales appears important from a genetic resource management as well as from a biodiversity conservation point of view.
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Crispo E, Chapman LJ. Geographic variation in phenotypic plasticity in response to dissolved oxygen in an African cichlid fish. J Evol Biol 2010; 23:2091-2103. [PMID: 20722894 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02069.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Genetic adaptation and phenotypic plasticity are two ways in which organisms can adapt to local environmental conditions. We examined genetic and plastic variation in gill and brain size among swamp (low oxygen; hypoxic) and river (normal oxygen; normoxic) populations of an African cichlid fish, Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor victoriae. Larger gills and smaller brains should be advantageous when oxygen is low, and we hypothesized that the relative contribution of local genetic adaptation vs. phenotypic plasticity should be related to potential for dispersal between environments (because of gene flow's constraint on local genetic adaptation). We conducted a laboratory-rearing experiment, with broods from multiple populations raised under high-oxygen and low-oxygen conditions. We found that most of the variation in gill size was because of plasticity. However, both plastic and genetic effects on brain mass were detected, as were genetic effects on brain mass plasticity. F(1) offspring from populations with the highest potential for dispersal between environments had characteristically smaller and more plastic brains. This phenotypic pattern might be adaptive in the face of gene flow, if smaller brains and increased plasticity confer higher average fitness across environment types.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Crispo
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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RICE AM, PFENNIG DW. Does character displacement initiate speciation? Evidence of reduced gene flow between populations experiencing divergent selection. J Evol Biol 2010; 23:854-65. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.01955.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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