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Rui W, Li X, Wang L, Tang X, Yang J. Potential Applications of Blautia wexlerae in the Regulation of Host Metabolism. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10274-8. [PMID: 38703323 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Blautia wexlerae (B. wexlerae) is a strong candidate with the potential to become a next-generation probiotics (NGPs) and has recently been shown for the first time to exhibit potential in modulating host metabolic levels and alleviating metabolic diseases. However, the factors affecting the change in abundance of B. wexlerae and the pattern of its abundance change in the associated indications remain to be further investigated. Here, we summarize information from published studies related to B. wexlerae; analyze the effects of food source factors such as prebiotics, probiotics, low protein foods, polyphenols, vitamins, and other factors on the abundance of B. wexlerae; and explore the patterns of changes in the abundance of B. wexlerae in metabolic diseases, neurological diseases, and other diseases. At the same time, the development potential of B. wexlerae was evaluated in the direction of functional foods and special medical foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Rui
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Endodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xuna Tang
- Department of Specialist Clinic, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jingpeng Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, China.
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2
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Colloca A, Donisi I, Anastasio C, Balestrieri ML, D’Onofrio N. Metabolic Alteration Bridging the Prediabetic State and Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2024; 13:663. [PMID: 38667278 PMCID: PMC11049175 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes and colorectal cancer (CRC) represent compelling health burdens responsible for high mortality and morbidity rates, sharing several modifiable risk factors. It has been hypothesized that metabolic abnormalities linking prediabetes and CRC are hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and adipokines imbalance. The chronic stimulation related to these metabolic signatures can favor CRC onset and development, as well as negatively influence CRC prognosis. To date, the growing burden of prediabetes and CRC has generated a global interest in defining their epidemiological and molecular relationships. Therefore, a deeper knowledge of the metabolic impairment determinants is compelling to identify the pathological mechanisms promoting the onset of prediabetes and CRC. In this scenario, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the metabolic alterations of prediabetes and CRC as well as an overview of recent preventive and therapeutic approaches for both diseases, focusing on the role of the metabolic state as a pivotal contributor to consider for the development of future preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nunzia D’Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (I.D.); (C.A.); (M.L.B.)
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3
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Pheiffer C, Riedel S, Dias S, Adam S. Gestational Diabetes and the Gut Microbiota: Fibre and Polyphenol Supplementation as a Therapeutic Strategy. Microorganisms 2024; 12:633. [PMID: 38674578 PMCID: PMC11051981 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an escalating public health concern due to its association with short- and long-term adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Dysbiosis of microbiota within the gastrointestinal tract has been linked to the development of GDM. Modification of microbiota dysbiosis through dietary adjustments has attracted considerable attention as adjunct strategies to improve metabolic disease. Diets high in fibre and polyphenol content are associated with increased gut microbiota alpha diversity, reduced inflammation and oxidative processes and improved intestinal barrier function. This review explores the potential of fibre and polyphenol supplementation to prevent GDM by investigating their impact on gut microbiota composition and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (S.R.); (S.D.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Sylvia Riedel
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (S.R.); (S.D.)
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Stephanie Dias
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (S.R.); (S.D.)
| | - Sumaiya Adam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
- Diabetes Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
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4
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Hong J, Fu T, Liu W, Du Y, Bu J, Wei G, Yu M, Lin Y, Min C, Lin D. An Update on the Role and Potential Molecules in Relation to Ruminococcus gnavus in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1235-1248. [PMID: 38496006 PMCID: PMC10942254 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s456173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Ruminococcus gnavus (R. gnavus) is a gram-positive anaerobe commonly resides in the human gut microbiota. The advent of metagenomics has linked R. gnavus with various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), obesity, and diabetes mellitus (DM), which has become a growing area of investigation. The initial focus of research primarily centered on assessing the abundance of R. gnavus and its potential association with disease presentation, taking into account variations in sample size, sequencing and analysis methods. However, recent investigations have shifted towards elucidating the underlying mechanistic pathways through which R. gnavus may contribute to disease manifestation. In this comprehensive review, we aim to provide an updated synthesis of the current literature on R. gnavus in the context of IBD, obesity, and DM. We critically analyze relevant studies and summarize the potential molecular mediators implicated in the association between R. gnavus and these diseases. Across numerous studies, various molecules such as methylation-controlled J (MCJ), glucopolysaccharides, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), interleukin(IL)-10, IL-17, and capric acid have been proposed as potential contributors to the link between R. gnavus and IBD. Similarly, in the realm of obesity, molecules such as hydrogen peroxide, butyrate, and UDCA have been suggested as potential mediators, while glycine ursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) has been implicated in the connection between R. gnavus and DM. Furthermore, it is imperative to emphasize the necessity for additional studies to evaluate the potential efficacy of targeting pathways associated with R. gnavus as a viable strategy for managing these diseases. These findings have significantly expanded our understanding of the functional role of R. gnavus in the context of IBD, obesity, and DM. This review aims to offer updated insights into the role and potential mechanisms of R. gnavus, as well as potential strategies for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinni Hong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junmin Bu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guojian Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanshan Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cunyun Min
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Datao Lin
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
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Dallali D, Fakhfakh J, Paris C, Hamden K, Varbanov M, Allouche N. Fructooligosaccharides from Cynoglossum tubiflorus: Effect of the molecular size on their antidiabetic activity in high-fat diet and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107100. [PMID: 38211550 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The use of acetylation followed by silica gel column purification allowed the isolation of eight fructooligosaccharides (FOS) from the ethanol extract of Cynoglossum tubiflorus roots. Each FOS was identified by analyzing its FT-IR, HRMS/MS and NMR data, including 1H, 13C and 2D NMR HH COSY, HMBC and NOESY. In diabetic rats treated with a series of FOS from Glc-(Fru)3 to Glc-(Fru)7, a significant inhibition of intestinal α-amylase was observed. This activity increases proportionally with the FOS molecular size. It was found that they delay the absorption of total cholesterol (TC), ldl-cholesterol (LDL-C) and increase HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) in a molecular size-dependent manner. This inhibitory effect on the activity of the digestive enzyme causes a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the level of glucose in the blood as an anti-diabetic action. The ethanolic extract (E.E) exerts a significant effect against α-amylase as well as antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic actions, while its acetylation suppresses these effects. Therefore, this study demonstrates for the first time that pure FOS act as an efficient agent in preventing hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia and that this action evolves in the same manner with their molecular size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhouha Dallali
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B.1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Jawhar Fakhfakh
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B.1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
| | - Cédric Paris
- Laboratory of Biomolecule Engineering (LIBio), Lorraine University, 2 Avenue de la Foret de Haye -TSA, Vandoeuvre Cedex 40602 54518, France
| | - Khaled Hamden
- Laboratory of Bioresources: Integrative Biology and Exploiting, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mihayl Varbanov
- L2CM, Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Noureddine Allouche
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B.1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
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Smith M, Polite L, Christy A, Edirisinghe I, Burton-Freeman B, Sandhu A. An Improved Validated Method for the Determination of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Human Fecal Samples by Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID). Metabolites 2023; 13:1106. [PMID: 37999203 PMCID: PMC10673161 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites produced by the gut microbiota through the fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates. Recent studies suggest that the gut microbiota composition, diet and metabolic status play an important role in the production of SCFAs. The primary objective of this study was to develop a simplified method for SCFA analysis in human fecal samples by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The secondary objective was to apply the method to fecal samples collected from a clinical trial. The developed GC-FID method showed excellent linearity (R2 > 0.99994), with a limit of detection (LOD) ranging from 0.02 to 0.23 µg/mL and a limit of quantification (LOQ) ranging from 0.08 to 0.78 µg/mL. Recovery for the method ranged between 54.24 ± 1.17% and 140.94 ± 2.10%. Intra- and inter-day repeatability ranged from 0.56 to 1.03 and from 0.10 to 4.76% RSD, respectively. Nine SCFAs were identified and quantified (acetic, propionic, iso-butyric, butyric, iso-valeric, valeric, 4-methyl valeric, hexanoic and heptanoic acids) in freeze-dried fecal samples. The clinical trial compared participants with prediabetes mellitus and insulin resistance (IR-group, n = 20) to metabolically healthy participants (reference group, R-group, n = 9) following a 4-week intervention of a daily red raspberry smoothie (RRB, 1 cup fresh-weight equivalent) with or without fructo-oligosaccharide (RRB + FOS, 1 cup RRB + 8 g FOS). The statistical analysis (Student's t-test, ANCOVA) was performed on PC-SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute). Acetic acid was higher in the R-group compared to the IR-group at baseline/week 0 (p = 0.14). No significant changes in fecal SCFA content were observed after 4 weeks of either RRB or RRB + FOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morganne Smith
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Center for Nutrition Research, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA; (M.S.); (I.E.); (B.B.-F.)
| | - Lee Polite
- Axion Analytical Labs Inc., Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (L.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Andreas Christy
- Axion Analytical Labs Inc., Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (L.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Indika Edirisinghe
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Center for Nutrition Research, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA; (M.S.); (I.E.); (B.B.-F.)
| | - Britt Burton-Freeman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Center for Nutrition Research, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA; (M.S.); (I.E.); (B.B.-F.)
| | - Amandeep Sandhu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Center for Nutrition Research, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA; (M.S.); (I.E.); (B.B.-F.)
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Jin Y, Chen L, Yu Y, Hussain M, Zhong H. Bioactive Components in Fruit Interact with Gut Microbes. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:1333. [PMID: 37887043 PMCID: PMC10604038 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Fruits contain many bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, polyphenols, anthocyanins, and flavonoids. All of these bioactives in fruit have potentially beneficial effects on gut microbiota and host health. On the one hand, fruit rich in active ingredients can act as substrates to interact with microorganisms and produce metabolites to regulate the gut microbiota. On the other hand, gut microbes could promote health effects in the host by balancing dysbiosis of gut microbiota. We have extensively analyzed significant information on bioactive components in fruits based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Although the deep mechanism of action of bioactive components in fruits on gut microbiota needs further study, these results also provide supportive information on fruits as a source of dietary active ingredients to provide support for the adjunctive role of fruits in disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.J.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Ling Chen
- Sanya Branch of Hainan Food and Drug Inspection Institute, Sanya 572011, China;
| | - Yufen Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.J.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Muhammad Hussain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.J.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Hao Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.J.); (Y.Y.)
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Witkowska AM, Salem JE. Pharmacological and Nutritional Modulation of Metabolome and Metagenome in Cardiometabolic Disorders. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1340. [PMID: 37759740 PMCID: PMC10526920 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disorders are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A growing body of research indicates that the gut microbiota, whether it interacts favorably or not, plays an important role in host metabolism. Elucidating metabolic pathways may be crucial in preventing and treating cardiometabolic diseases, and omics methods are key to studying the interaction between the fecal microbiota and host metabolism. This review summarizes available studies that combine metabolomic and metagenomic approaches to describe the effects of drugs, diet, nutrients, and specific foods on cardiometabolic health and to identify potential targets for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Witkowska
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Białystok, Poland
| | - Joe-Elie Salem
- Department of Pharmacology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center (CIC-1901), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France;
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9
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Zuelch ML, Radtke MD, Holt RR, Basu A, Burton-Freeman B, Ferruzzi MG, Li Z, Shay NF, Shukitt-Hale B, Keen CL, Steinberg FM, Hackman RM. Perspective: Challenges and Future Directions in Clinical Research with Nuts and Berries. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1005-1028. [PMID: 37536565 PMCID: PMC10509432 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of nuts and berries are considered part of a healthy eating pattern. Nuts and berries contain a complex nutrient profile consisting of essential vitamins and minerals, fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and phenolics in quantities that improve physiological outcomes. The spectrum of health outcomes that may be impacted by the consumptions of nuts and berries includes cardiovascular, gut microbiome, and cognitive, among others. Recently, new insights regarding the bioactive compounds found in both nuts and berries have reinforced their role for use in precision nutrition efforts. However, challenges exist that can affect the generalizability of outcomes from clinical studies, including inconsistency in study designs, homogeneity of test populations, variability in test products and control foods, and assessing realistic portion sizes. Future research centered on precision nutrition and multi-omics technologies will yield new insights. These and other topics such as funding streams and perceived risk-of-bias were explored at an international nutrition conference focused on the role of nuts and berries in clinical nutrition. Successes, challenges, and future directions with these foods are presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Zuelch
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Marcela D Radtke
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Roberta R Holt
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Britt Burton-Freeman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Zhaoping Li
- UCLA Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Neil F Shay
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Barbara Shukitt-Hale
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Carl L Keen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Robert M Hackman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States.
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10
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Shu C, Wu S, Li H, Tian J. Health benefits of anthocyanin-containing foods, beverages, and supplements have unpredictable relation to gastrointestinal microbiota: A systematic review and meta-analysis of random clinical trials. Nutr Res 2023; 116:48-59. [PMID: 37336096 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a type of natural pigment that has numerous health benefits. In recent years, the interaction of anthocyanins with gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota has been presented as a viable paradigm for explaining anthocyanin activities. The current study performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the potential modulation of GI microbiota by anthocyanins in human health improvement. Clinical trials were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Knowledge, China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and ClinicalTrials.gov with no language restrictions. Eight clinical trials (252 participants) were selected from the 1121 identified studies and the relative phylum abundance extracted from the trials was analyzed using a random-effects model. Based on the analysis, anthocyanins had no effect on the relative abundance of Firmicutes (standard mean difference [SMD]: -0.46 [-1.25 to 0.34], P = .26), Proteobacteria (SMD, -0.32 [-0.73 to 0.09], P = .13), nor Actinobacteria (SMD, -0.19 [-0.50 to 0.12], P = 0.24), but influenced the abundance of Bacteroidetes (SMD, 0.84 [0.17 to 1.52], P = .01) when compared with placebo/control. No significant influence on the relative abundance was detected when the data were analyzed following the "posttreatment vs. pretreatment" strategy. Our preliminary analysis revealed that the effects of anthocyanins on human GI microbiota vary between studies and individuals, and at the current stage, the clinical trials regarding the effects of anthocyanin interventions on human GI microbiota are lacking. More trials with larger sample sizes are needed to promote the clinical application of anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Shu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China, 100866.
| | - Siyu Wu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China, 100866
| | - Haikun Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China, 100866
| | - Jinlong Tian
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China, 100866
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11
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Guiducci L, Nicolini G, Forini F. Dietary Patterns, Gut Microbiota Remodeling, and Cardiometabolic Disease. Metabolites 2023; 13:760. [PMID: 37367916 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, collectively known as cardiometabolic disease (CMD), are high morbidity and mortality pathologies associated with lower quality of life and increasing health-care costs. The influence of the gut microbiota (GM) in dictating the interpersonal variability in CMD susceptibility, progression and treatment response is beginning to be deciphered, as is the mutualistic relation established between the GM and diet. In particular, dietary factors emerge as pivotal determinants shaping the architecture and function of resident microorganisms in the human gut. In turn, intestinal microbes influence the absorption, metabolism, and storage of ingested nutrients, with potentially profound effects on host physiology. Herein, we present an updated overview on major effects of dietary components on the GM, highlighting the beneficial and detrimental consequences of diet-microbiota crosstalk in the setting of CMD. We also discuss the promises and challenges of integrating microbiome data in dietary planning aimed at restraining CMD onset and progression with a more personalized nutritional approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Guiducci
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Forini
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Luo M, Sun M, Wang T, Zhang S, Song X, Liu X, Wei J, Chen Q, Zhong T, Qin J. Gut microbiota and type 1 diabetes: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1163898. [PMID: 37313342 PMCID: PMC10258312 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1163898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The real causal relationship between human gut microbiota and T1D remains unclear and difficult to establish. Herein, we adopted a two-sample bidirectional mendelian randomization (MR) study to evaluate the causality between gut microbiota and T1D. Methods We leveraged publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data to perform MR analysis. The gut microbiota-related GWAS data from 18,340 individuals from the international consortium MiBioGen were used. The summary statistic data for T1D (n = 264,137) were obtained from the latest release from the FinnGen consortium as the outcome of interest. The selection of instrumental variables conformed strictly to a series of preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. MR-Egger, weighted median, inverse variance weighted (IVW), and weighted mode methods were used to assess the causal association. The Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out analysis were conducted to identify heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Results At the phylum level, only Bacteroidetes was indicated to have causality on T1D (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.01-1.53, P = 0.044) in the IVW analysis. When it comes to their subcategories, Bacteroidia class (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06-1.53, P = 0.009, P FDR = 0.085), Bacteroidales order (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06-1.53, P = 0.009, P FDR = 0.085), and Eubacterium eligens group genus (OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.50-0.81, P = 2.84×10-4, P FDR = 0.031) were observed to have a causal relationship with T1D in the IVW analysis. No heterogeneity and pleiotropy were detected. Conclusions The present study reports that Bacteroidetes phylum, Bacteroidia class, and Bacteroidales order causally increase T1D risk, whereas Eubacterium eligens group genus, which belongs to the Firmicutes phylum, causally decreases T1D risk. Nevertheless, future studies are warranted to dissect the underlying mechanisms of specific bacterial taxa's role in the pathophysiology of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjun Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengting Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Senmao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinli Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Changsha Medical University Public Health Institute, Changsha, China
- The Hospital of Trade-Business in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhui Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Taowei Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiabi Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, China
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13
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Crost EH, Coletto E, Bell A, Juge N. Ruminococcus gnavus: friend or foe for human health. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2023; 47:fuad014. [PMID: 37015876 PMCID: PMC10112845 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminococcus gnavus was first identified in 1974 as a strict anaerobe in the gut of healthy individuals, and for several decades, its study has been limited to specific enzymes or bacteriocins. With the advent of metagenomics, R. gnavus has been associated both positively and negatively with an increasing number of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases from inflammatory bowel diseases to neurological disorders. This prompted renewed interest in understanding the adaptation mechanisms of R. gnavus to the gut, and the molecular mediators affecting its association with health and disease. From ca. 250 publications citing R. gnavus since 1990, 94% were published in the last 10 years. In this review, we describe the biological characterization of R. gnavus, its occurrence in the infant and adult gut microbiota and the factors influencing its colonization of the gastrointestinal tract; we also discuss the current state of our knowledge on its role in host health and disease. We highlight gaps in knowledge and discuss the hypothesis that differential health outcomes associated with R. gnavus in the gut are strain and niche specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle H Crost
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Erika Coletto
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Bell
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Nathalie Juge
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Current research has shown that berry-derived polymeric substrates that resist human digestion (dietary fibers and polyphenols) are extensively metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract dominated by microbiota. This review assesses current epidemiological, experimental, and clinical evidence of how berry (strawberry, blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, cranberry, black currant, and grapes) phytochemicals interact with the microbiome and shape health or metabolic risk factor outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS There is a growing evidence that the compositional differences among complex carbohydrate fractions and classes of polyphenols define reversible shifts in microbial populations and human metabolome to promote gastrointestinal health. Interventions to prevent gastrointestinal inflammation and improve metabolic outcomes may be achieved with selection of berries that provide distinct polysaccharide substrates for selective multiplication of beneficial microbiota or oligomeric decoys for binding and elimination of the pathogens, as well as phenolic substrates that hold potential to modulate gastrointestinal mucins, reduce luminal oxygen, and release small phenolic metabolites signatures capable of ameliorating inflammatory and metabolic perturbations. These mechanisms may explain many of the differences in microbiota and host gastrointestinal responses associated with increased consumption of berries, and highlight potential opportunities to intentionally shift gut microbiome profiles or to modulate risk factors associated with better nutrition and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
| | - Charles Wagner
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Janelle Gutierrez
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Odette M Shaw
- Plant & Food Research, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
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Zaharieva DP, Riddell MC. Advances in Exercise and Nutrition as Therapy in Diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther 2023; 25:S146-S160. [PMID: 36802193 DOI: 10.1089/dia.2023.2509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dessi P Zaharieva
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael C Riddell
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- LMC Diabetes & Endocrinology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Boscaro V, Rivoira M, Sgorbini B, Bordano V, Dadone F, Gallicchio M, Pons A, Benetti E, Rosa AC. Evidence-Based Anti-Diabetic Properties of Plant from the Occitan Valleys of the Piedmont Alps. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2371. [PMID: 36365189 PMCID: PMC9693256 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Data on urban and rural diabetes prevalence ratios show a significantly lower presence of diabetes in rural areas. Several bioactive compounds of plant origin are known to exert anti-diabetic properties. Interestingly, most of them naturally occur in different plants present in mountainous areas and are linked to traditions of herbal use. This review will aim to evaluate the last 10 years of evidence-based data on the potential anti-diabetic properties of 9 plants used in the Piedmont Alps (North-Western Italy) and identified through an ethnobotanical approach, based on the Occitan language minority of the Cuneo province (Sambucus nigra L., Achillea millefolium L., Cornus mas L., Vaccinium myrtillus L., Fragaria vesca L., Rosa canina L., Rubus idaeus L., Rubus fruticosus/ulmifolius L., Urtica dioica L.), where there is a long history of herbal remedies. The mechanism underlying the anti-hyperglycemic effects and the clinical evidence available are discussed. Overall, this review points to the possible use of these plants as preventive or add-on therapy in treating diabetes. However, studies of a single variety grown in the geographical area, with strict standardization and titration of all the active ingredients, are warranted before applying the WHO strategy 2014-2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Boscaro
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Rivoira
- Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici, University of Turin, Via Sant’Ottavio 20, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Atlante Linguistico Italiano (ALI), Via Sant’Ottavio 20, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Sgorbini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Bordano
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Dadone
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Margherita Gallicchio
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Aline Pons
- Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici, University of Turin, Via Sant’Ottavio 20, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Benetti
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Arianna Carolina Rosa
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
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Paul P, Kaul R, Harfouche M, Arabi M, Al-Najjar Y, Sarkar A, Saliba R, Chaari A. The effect of microbiome-modulating probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of clinical trials. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106520. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhang X, Xiao D, Guzman G, Edirisinghe I, Burton-Freeman B. Avocado Consumption for 12 Weeks and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Adults with Overweight or Obesity and Insulin Resistance. J Nutr 2022; 152:1851-1861. [PMID: 35700149 PMCID: PMC9486596 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diets emphasizing unsaturated fat and high fiber are associated with reducing cardiometabolic risk factors. Avocados are rich in MUFA and PUFA fats and fiber. OBJECTIVES Assess replacement of carbohydrate energy with avocado energy for 12 wk on glucose homeostasis and cardiometabolic risk factors in self-selecting free-living adults who are overweight or with obesity and have insulin resistance. METHODS In a single-center, randomized, 2-arm, controlled, 12-wk parallel trial, adults [n = 93; male/female: 39/54; mean ± SD age: 42 ± 12 y; BMI: 32.6 ± 3.9 (in kg/m2); HOMA-IR: 2.7 ± 1.7] were counseled to exchange avocado (AV) or control food (C; low fat, low fiber, energy matched) for carbohydrate food in their usual diet for 12 wk. The primary outcome was the change in Matsuda Insulin Sensitivity Index (MISI) after 12-wk interventions. Secondary outcomes were changes in fasting and post-oral glucose tolerance test glycemic variables, fasting lipids, endothelial activation and inflammation markers. Automated Self-Administered 24-h Dietary Assessment Tool captured weekly dietary intake. Intervention effects were mainly determined by ANCOVA using PC-SAS version 9.4. RESULTS Dietary total, MUFA, and PUFA fat; fiber; and vegetable intake were higher in the AV group compared with the C group (P < 0.05), and no change in body weight or composition was observed (P > 0.05). Differences between the changes in MISI after AV compared with C were not different (Δ0-12 wk, P = 0.1092). Differences in fasting insulin (Δ0-12 wk, P = 0.0855) and improved glycated hemoglobin (Δ0-12 wk, P = 0.0632) after AV compared with C were suggested. C-reactive protein was significantly lower after AV compared with C at 12 wk (P = 0.0418). Select biomarkers of endothelial activation and lipoproteins by NMR were also influenced by AV compared with C food intake. CONCLUSIONS Avocado intake was associated with a healthier dietary pattern and trends favoring improved glucose control and reduced biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk when replacing avocado energy for carbohydrate energy in free-living adults who are overweight or with obesity and have insulin resistance. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02695433.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhuiqun Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research and Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Di Xiao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research and Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gabriela Guzman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research and Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Indika Edirisinghe
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research and Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
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