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Jing Y, Shen C, Li W, Peng L, Hu M, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Teng W, Tong Y, He X. TaLBD41 interacts with TaNAC2 to regulate nitrogen uptake and metabolism in response to nitrate availability. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:641-657. [PMID: 38379453 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Nitrate is the main source of nitrogen (N) available to plants and also is a signal that triggers complex regulation of transcriptional networks to modulate a wide variety of physiological and developmental responses in plants. How plants adapt to soil nitrate fluctuations is a complex process involving a fine-tuned response to nitrate provision and N starvation, the molecular mechanisms of which remain largely uncharted. Here, we report that the wheat transcription factor TaLBD41 interacts with the nitrate-inducible transcription factor TaNAC2 and is repressed by nitrate provision. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and dual-luciferase system show that the TaLBD41-NAC2 interaction confers homeostatic coordination of nitrate uptake, reduction, and assimilation by competitively binding to TaNRT2.1, TaNR1.2, and TaNADH-GOGAT. Knockdown of TaLBD41 expression enhances N uptake and assimilation, increases spike number, grain yield, and nitrogen harvest index under different N supply conditions. We also identified an elite haplotype of TaLBD41-2B associated with increased spike number and grain yield. Our study uncovers a novel mechanism underlying the interaction between two transcription factors in mediating wheat adaptation to nitrate availability by antagonistically regulating nitrate uptake and assimilation, providing a potential target for designing varieties with efficient N use in wheat (Triticum aestivum).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfu Jing
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chuncai Shen
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Yazhouwan National Laboratory, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Lei Peng
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mengyun Hu
- The Institute for Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- The Institute for Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Xueqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wan Teng
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yiping Tong
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xue He
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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Sanow S, Kuang W, Schaaf G, Huesgen P, Schurr U, Roessner U, Watt M, Arsova B. Molecular Mechanisms of Pseudomonas-Assisted Plant Nitrogen Uptake: Opportunities for Modern Agriculture. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2023; 36:536-548. [PMID: 36989040 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-10-22-0223-cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas spp. make up 1.6% of the bacteria in the soil and are found throughout the world. More than 140 species of this genus have been identified, some beneficial to the plant. Several species in the family Pseudomonadaceae, including Azotobacter vinelandii AvOP, Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501, Pseudomonas stutzeri DSM4166, Pseudomonas szotifigens 6HT33bT, and Pseudomonas sp. strain K1 can fix nitrogen from the air. The genes required for these reactions are organized in a nitrogen fixation island, obtained via horizontal gene transfer from Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas stutzeri, and Azotobacter vinelandii. Today, this island is conserved in Pseudomonas spp. from different geographical locations, which, in turn, have evolved to deal with different geo-climatic conditions. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanisms behind Pseudomonas-driven plant growth promotion, with particular focus on improving plant performance at limiting nitrogen (N) and improving plant N content. We describe Pseudomonas-plant interaction strategies in the soil, noting that the mechanisms of denitrification, ammonification, and secondary metabolite signaling are only marginally explored. Plant growth promotion is dependent on the abiotic conditions and differs at sufficient and deficient N. The molecular controls behind different plant responses are not fully elucidated. We suggest that superposition of transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome data and their integration with plant phenotype development through time will help fill these gaps. The aim of this review is to summarize the knowledge behind Pseudomonas-driven nitrogen fixation and to point to possible agricultural solutions. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Sanow
- Institute for Bio- and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Germany
- School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Weiqi Kuang
- College of life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, China
| | - Gabriel Schaaf
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Pitter Huesgen
- Central institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schurr
- Institute for Bio- and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Germany
| | - Ute Roessner
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, 2601 Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Michelle Watt
- School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Borjana Arsova
- Institute for Bio- and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Germany
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Madani I, Peltier JB, Boeglin M, Sentenac H, Véry AA. Plasticity of wheat seedling responses to K + deficiency highlighted by integrated phenotyping of roots and root hairs over the whole root system. STRESS BIOLOGY 2023; 3:5. [PMID: 37676444 PMCID: PMC10441938 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The availability in the soil of potassium (K+), a poorly mobile macronutrient required in large quantities for plant growth, is generally suboptimal for crop production in the absence of fertilization, making improvement of the ability of crops to adapt to K+ deficiency stress a major issue. Increasing the uptake capacity of the root system is among the main strategies to achieve this goal. Here, we report an integrative approach to examine the effect of K+ deficiency on the development of young plant entire root system, including root hairs which are known to provide a significant contribution to the uptake of poorly mobile nutrients such as K+, in two genetically distant wheat varieties. A rhizobox-type methodology was developed to obtain highly-resolved images of root and root hairs, allowing to describe global root and root hair traits over the whole root system via image analysis procedures. The two wheat varieties responded differently to the K+ shortage: Escandia, a wheat ancestor, reduced shoot biomass in condition of K+ shortage and substantially increased the surface area of its root system, specifically by increasing the total root hair area. Oued Zenati, a landrace, conversely appeared unresponsive to the K+ shortage but was shown to constitutively express, independently of the external K+ availability, favorable traits to cope with reduced K+ availability, among which a high total root hair area. Thus, valuable information on root system adaptation to K+ deficiency was provided by global analyses including root hairs, which should also be relevant for other nutrient stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Madani
- Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Montpellier, UMR 5004 CNRS- 386 INRAE- Université Montpellier- Institut Agro, Campus SupAgro-INRAE Bat 7, Place Viala, Montpellier, 34060 Cedex 2, France
| | - Jean-Benoît Peltier
- Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Montpellier, UMR 5004 CNRS- 386 INRAE- Université Montpellier- Institut Agro, Campus SupAgro-INRAE Bat 7, Place Viala, Montpellier, 34060 Cedex 2, France
| | - Martin Boeglin
- Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Montpellier, UMR 5004 CNRS- 386 INRAE- Université Montpellier- Institut Agro, Campus SupAgro-INRAE Bat 7, Place Viala, Montpellier, 34060 Cedex 2, France
| | - Hervé Sentenac
- Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Montpellier, UMR 5004 CNRS- 386 INRAE- Université Montpellier- Institut Agro, Campus SupAgro-INRAE Bat 7, Place Viala, Montpellier, 34060 Cedex 2, France
| | - Anne-Aliénor Véry
- Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Montpellier, UMR 5004 CNRS- 386 INRAE- Université Montpellier- Institut Agro, Campus SupAgro-INRAE Bat 7, Place Viala, Montpellier, 34060 Cedex 2, France.
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Wild Wheat Rhizosphere-Associated Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Exudates: Effect on Root Development in Modern Wheat and Composition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315248. [PMID: 36499572 PMCID: PMC9740669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diazotrophic bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of a wild wheat ancestor, grown from its refuge area in the Fertile Crescent, were found to be efficient Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), upon interaction with an elite wheat cultivar. In nitrogen-starved plants, they increased the amount of nitrogen in the seed crop (per plant) by about twofold. A bacterial growth medium was developed to investigate the effects of bacterial exudates on root development in the elite cultivar, and to analyze the exo-metabolomes and exo-proteomes. Altered root development was observed, with distinct responses depending on the strain, for instance, with respect to root hair development. A first conclusion from these results is that the ability of wheat to establish effective beneficial interactions with PGPRs does not appear to have undergone systematic deep reprogramming during domestication. Exo-metabolome analysis revealed a complex set of secondary metabolites, including nutrient ion chelators, cyclopeptides that could act as phytohormone mimetics, and quorum sensing molecules having inter-kingdom signaling properties. The exo-proteome-comprised strain-specific enzymes, and structural proteins belonging to outer-membrane vesicles, are likely to sequester metabolites in their lumen. Thus, the methodological processes we have developed to collect and analyze bacterial exudates have revealed that PGPRs constitutively exude a highly complex set of metabolites; this is likely to allow numerous mechanisms to simultaneously contribute to plant growth promotion, and thereby to also broaden the spectra of plant genotypes (species and accessions/cultivars) with which beneficial interactions can occur.
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Cantabella D, Karpinska B, Teixidó N, Dolcet-Sanjuan R, Foyer CH. Non-volatile signals and redox mechanisms are required for the responses of Arabidopsis roots to Pseudomonas oryzihabitans. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6971-6982. [PMID: 36001048 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil bacteria promote plant growth and protect against environmental stresses, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly characterized, particularly when there is no direct contact between the roots and bacteria. Here, we explored the effects of Pseudomonas oryzihabitans PGP01 on the root system architecture (RSA) in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Significant increases in lateral root (LR) density were observed when seedlings were grown in the presence of P. oryzihabitans, as well as an increased abundance of transcripts associated with altered nutrient transport and phytohormone responses. However, no bacterial transcripts were detected on the root samples by RNAseq analysis, demonstrating that the bacteria do not colonize the roots. Separating the agar containing bacteria from the seedlings prevented the bacteria-induced changes in RSA. Bacteria-induced changes in RSA were absent from mutants defective in ethylene response factor (ERF109), glutathione synthesis (pad2-1, cad2-1, and rax1-1) and in strigolactone synthesis (max3-9 and max4-1) or signalling (max2-3). However, the P. oryzihabitans-induced changes in RSA were similar in the low ascorbate mutants (vtc2-1and vtc2-2) to the wild-type controls. Taken together, these results demonstrate the importance of non-volatile signals and redox mechanisms in the root architecture regulation that occurs following long-distance perception of P. oryzihabitans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cantabella
- Institute of Research and Agrofood technology (IRTA) Postharvest Program, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
- IRTA, Plant In Vitro Culture Laboratory, Fruticulture Program, Barcelona, Spain
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Barbara Karpinska
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Neus Teixidó
- Institute of Research and Agrofood technology (IRTA) Postharvest Program, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Toyota M, Betsuyaku S. In vivo Imaging Enables Understanding of Seamless Plant Defense Responses to Wounding and Pathogen Attack. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:1391-1404. [PMID: 36165346 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants are exposed to varied biotic stresses, including sequential or simultaneous attack by insects and pathogens. To overcome these complex stresses, plants must perceive each of the stresses, then integrate and relay the information throughout the plant body and eventually activate local and systemic resistance responses. Previous molecular genetic studies identified jasmonic acid and salicylic acid as key plant hormones of wound and immune responses. These hormones, combined with their antagonistic interaction, play critical roles in the initiation and regulation of defense responses against insects and pathogens. Aside from molecular and genetic information, the latest in vivo imaging technology has revealed that plant defense responses are regulated spatially and temporally. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of local and systemic defense responses against wounding and diseases with a focus on past and recent advances in imaging technologies. We discuss how imaging-based multiparametric analysis has improved our understanding of the spatiotemporal regulation of dynamic plant stress responses. We also emphasize the importance of compiling the knowledge generated from individual studies on plant wounding and immune responses for a more seamless understanding of plant defense responses in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatsugu Toyota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570 Japan
- Suntory Rising Stars Encouragement Program in Life Sciences (SunRiSE), Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0284 Japan
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Shigeyuki Betsuyaku
- Department of Plant Life Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Seta Oe-cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2194 Japan
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7
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Hernández-Reyes C, Lichtenberg E, Keller J, Delaux PM, Ott T, Schenk ST. NIN-Like Proteins: Interesting Players in Rhizobia-Induced Nitrate Signaling Response During Interaction with Non-Legume Host Arabidopsis thaliana. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2022; 35:230-243. [PMID: 34813707 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-10-21-0261-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient and a key cellular messenger. Plants have evolved refined molecular systems to sense the cellular nitrogen status. This is exemplified by the root nodule symbiosis between legumes and symbiotic rhizobia, where nitrate availability inhibits this mutualistic interaction. Additionally, nitrate also functions as a metabolic messenger, resulting in nitrate signaling cascades which intensively crosstalk with other physiological pathways. Nodule inception-like proteins (NLPs) are key players in nitrate signaling and regulate nitrate-dependent transcription during legume-rhizobia interactions. Nevertheless, the coordinated interplay between nitrate signaling pathways and rhizobacteria-induced responses remains to be elucidated. In our study, we investigated rhizobia-induced changes in the root system architecture of the non-legume host arabidopsis under different nitrate conditions. We demonstrate that rhizobium-induced lateral root growth and increased root hair length and density are regulated by a nitrate-related signaling pathway. Key players in this process are AtNLP4 and AtNLP5, because the corresponding mutants failed to respond to rhizobia. At the cellular level, AtNLP4 and AtNLP5 control a rhizobia-induced decrease in cell elongation rates, while additional cell divisions occurred independently of AtNLP4. In summary, our data suggest that root morphological responses to rhizobia are coordinated by a newly considered nitrate-related NLP pathway that is evolutionarily linked to regulatory circuits described in legumes.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casandra Hernández-Reyes
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Jean Keller
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, INP Toulouse, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Pierre-Marc Delaux
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, INP Toulouse, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Thomas Ott
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian T Schenk
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Kohli PS, Maurya K, Thakur JK, Bhosale R, Giri J. Significance of root hairs in developing stress-resilient plants for sustainable crop production. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:677-694. [PMID: 34854103 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs represent a beneficial agronomic trait to potentially reduce fertilizer and irrigation inputs. Over the past decades, research in the plant model Arabidopsis thaliana has provided insights into root hair development, the underlying genetic framework and the integration of environmental cues within this framework. Recent years have seen a paradigm shift, where studies are now highlighting conservation and diversification of root hair developmental programs in other plant species and the agronomic relevance of root hairs in a wider ecological context. In this review, we specifically discuss the molecular evolution of the RSL (RHD Six-Like) pathway that controls root hair development and growth in land plants. We also discuss how root hairs contribute to plant performance as an active physiological rooting structure by performing resource acquisition, providing anchorage and constructing the rhizosphere with desirable physical, chemical and biological properties. Finally, we outline future research directions that can help achieve the potential of root hairs in developing sustainable agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kanika Maurya
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Jitendra K Thakur
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
- International Centre of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Bhosale
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence and School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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Shimamura M, Kumaki T, Hashimoto S, Saeki K, Ayabe SI, Higashitani A, Akashi T, Sato S, Aoki T. Phenolic Acids Induce Nod Factor Production in <i>Lotus japonicus</i>–<i>Mesorhizobium</i> Symbiosis. Microbes Environ 2022; 37. [PMID: 35283370 PMCID: PMC8958295 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me21094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In legume–rhizobia symbiosis, partner recognition and the initiation of symbiosis processes require the mutual exchange of chemical signals. Chemicals, generally (iso)flavonoids, in the root exudates of the host plant induce the expression of nod genes in rhizobia, and, thus, are called nod gene inducers. The expression of nod genes leads to the production of lipochitooligosaccharides (LCOs) called Nod factors. Natural nod gene inducer(s) in Lotus japonicus–Mesorhizobium symbiosis remain unknown. Therefore, we developed an LCO detection method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem-quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQMS) to identify these inducers and used it herein to screen 40 phenolic compounds and aldonic acids for their ability to induce LCOs in Mesorhizobium japonicum MAFF303099. We identified five phenolic acids with LCO-inducing activities, including p-coumaric, caffeic, and ferulic acids. The induced LCOs caused root hair deformation, and nodule numbers in L. japonicus inoculated with M. japonicum were increased by these phenolic acids. The three phenolic acids listed above induced the expression of the nodA, nodB, and ttsI genes in a strain harboring a multicopy plasmid encoding NodD1, but not that encoding NodD2. The presence of p-coumaric and ferulic acids in the root exudates of L. japonicus was confirmed by UPLC-TQMS, and the induction of ttsI::lacZ in the strain harboring the nodD1 plasmid was detected in the rhizosphere of L. japonicus. Based on these results, we propose that phenolic acids are a novel type of nod gene inducer in L. japonicus–Mesorhizobium symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kazuhiko Saeki
- Department of Biological Sciences and Kyousei Science Center for Life and Nature, Nara Women’s University
| | | | | | | | - Shusei Sato
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Toshio Aoki
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Nihon University
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Safi A, Medici A, Szponarski W, Martin F, Clément-Vidal A, Marshall-Colon A, Ruffel S, Gaymard F, Rouached H, Leclercq J, Coruzzi G, Lacombe B, Krouk G. GARP transcription factors repress Arabidopsis nitrogen starvation response via ROS-dependent and -independent pathways. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:3881-3901. [PMID: 33758916 PMCID: PMC8096604 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants need to cope with strong variations of nitrogen availability in the soil. Although many molecular players are being discovered concerning how plants perceive NO3- provision, it is less clear how plants recognize a lack of nitrogen. Following nitrogen removal, plants activate their nitrogen starvation response (NSR), which is characterized by the activation of very high-affinity nitrate transport systems (NRT2.4 and NRT2.5) and other sentinel genes involved in N remobilization such as GDH3. Using a combination of functional genomics via transcription factor perturbation and molecular physiology studies, we show that the transcription factors belonging to the HHO subfamily are important regulators of NSR through two potential mechanisms. First, HHOs directly repress the high-affinity nitrate transporters, NRT2.4 and NRT2.5. hho mutants display increased high-affinity nitrate transport activity, opening up promising perspectives for biotechnological applications. Second, we show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important to control NSR in wild-type plants and that HRS1 and HHO1 overexpressors and mutants are affected in their ROS content, defining a potential feed-forward branch of the signaling pathway. Taken together, our results define the relationships of two types of molecular players controlling the NSR, namely ROS and the HHO transcription factors. This work (i) up opens perspectives on a poorly understood nutrient-related signaling pathway and (ii) defines targets for molecular breeding of plants with enhanced NO3- uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaeddine Safi
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence: or
| | - Anna Medici
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Florence Martin
- CIRAD, AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Clément-Vidal
- CIRAD, AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Amy Marshall-Colon
- New York University, Department of Biology, Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York, NY, USA
- Present address: Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana -Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sandrine Ruffel
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Gaymard
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Hatem Rouached
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, and Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Julie Leclercq
- CIRAD, AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Gloria Coruzzi
- New York University, Department of Biology, Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benoît Lacombe
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Gabriel Krouk
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: or
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Yu P, He X, Baer M, Beirinckx S, Tian T, Moya YAT, Zhang X, Deichmann M, Frey FP, Bresgen V, Li C, Razavi BS, Schaaf G, von Wirén N, Su Z, Bucher M, Tsuda K, Goormachtig S, Chen X, Hochholdinger F. Plant flavones enrich rhizosphere Oxalobacteraceae to improve maize performance under nitrogen deprivation. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:481-499. [PMID: 33833418 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00897-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Beneficial interactions between plant roots and rhizosphere microorganisms are pivotal for plant fitness. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms controlling the feedback between root architecture and microbial community structure remain elusive in maize. Here, we demonstrate that transcriptomic gradients along the longitudinal root axis associate with specific shifts in rhizosphere microbial diversity. Moreover, we have established that root-derived flavones predominantly promote the enrichment of bacteria of the taxa Oxalobacteraceae in the rhizosphere, which in turn promote maize growth and nitrogen acquisition. Genetic experiments demonstrate that LRT1-mediated lateral root development coordinates the interactions of the root system with flavone-dependent Oxalobacteraceae under nitrogen deprivation. In summary, these experiments reveal the genetic basis of the reciprocal interactions between root architecture and the composition and diversity of specific microbial taxa in the rhizosphere resulting in improved plant performance. These findings may open new avenues towards the breeding of high-yielding and nutrient-efficient crops by exploiting their interaction with beneficial soil microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Crop Functional Genomics, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Emmy Noether Group Root Functional Biology, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Xiaoming He
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Crop Functional Genomics, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Emmy Noether Group Root Functional Biology, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcel Baer
- Crop Functional Genomics, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stien Beirinckx
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture Fisheries and Food, Merelbeke, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yudelsy A T Moya
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Xuechen Zhang
- Department of Biogeochemistry of Agroecosystems, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marion Deichmann
- Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Felix P Frey
- Crop Functional Genomics, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Verena Bresgen
- Crop Functional Genomics, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Emmy Noether Group Root Functional Biology, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Chunjian Li
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bahar S Razavi
- Department of Soil and Plant Microbiome, Institute of Phytopathology, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gabriel Schaaf
- Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Zhen Su
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Marcel Bucher
- Botanical Institute, Cologne Biocenter, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kenichi Tsuda
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sofie Goormachtig
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xinping Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Frank Hochholdinger
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
- Crop Functional Genomics, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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12
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Rongsawat T, Peltier JB, Boyer JC, Véry AA, Sentenac H. Looking for Root Hairs to Overcome Poor Soils. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:83-94. [PMID: 32980260 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Breeding new cultivars allowing reduced fertilization and irrigation is a major challenge. International efforts towards this goal focus on noninvasive methodologies, platforms for high-throughput phenotyping of large plant populations, and quantitative description of root traits as predictors of crop performance in environments with limited water and nutrient availability. However, these high-throughput analyses ignore one crucial component of the root system: root hairs (RHs). Here, we review current knowledge on RH functions, mainly in the context of plant hydromineral nutrition, and take stock of quantitative genetics data pointing at correlations between RH traits and plant biomass production and yield components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanyakorn Rongsawat
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier 34060, France
| | - Jean-Benoît Peltier
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier 34060, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Boyer
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier 34060, France
| | - Anne-Aliénor Véry
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier 34060, France
| | - Hervé Sentenac
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier 34060, France.
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13
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Lebrazi S, Niehaus K, Bednarz H, Fadil M, Chraibi M, Fikri-Benbrahim K. Screening and optimization of indole-3-acetic acid production and phosphate solubilization by rhizobacterial strains isolated from Acacia cyanophylla root nodules and their effects on its plant growth. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2020; 18:71. [PMID: 33175273 PMCID: PMC7658270 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known to improve plant growth and are used as biofertilizers, thanks to their numerous benefits to agriculture such as phosphorus solubilization and phytohormone production. In this paper, four rhizospheric bacteria (Phyllobacterium sp., Bacillus sp., Agrobacterium sp., and Rhizobium sp.) isolated from surface-sterilized root nodules of Acacia cyanophylla were tested for their ability to solubilize inorganic phosphate and to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) under laboratory conditions. Then, the best IAA producer (Rhizobium sp.) was selected to test optimized conditions for IAA production. Finally, the effect of the four strains on plant growth for A. cyanophylla was evaluated in vivo. Results The results showed that the totality of the tested isolates had solubilized inorganic phosphate (P) in both NBRIP (National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate) and PVK (Pikovskaya) media. Bacillus sp. was a high P-solubilizer and showed maximum solubilization in PVK (519 μg ml-1) and NBRIP (782 μg ml-1). The optimization of maximum phosphate solubilization was done using different sources of carbon (1%) and nitrogen (0.1%). Glucose and ammonium sulfate were selected to be the best carbon and nitrogen source for phosphate solubilization by all tested strains, except for Phyllobacterium sp., which recorded the highest phosphate solubilization with ammonium nitrate. The IAA production by the tested strains indicated that Rhizobium sp. produced the highest amount of IAA (90.21 μg ml-1) in culture media supplemented with L-tryptophan. The best production was observed with L-Trp concentration of 0.2% (116.42 μg ml-1) and at an initial pH of 9 (116.07 μg ml-1). The effect of NaCl on IAA production was tested at concentrations of 0 to 5% and the maximum production of 89.43 μg ml-1 was found at 2% NaCl. The extraction of crude IAA from this strain was done and purity was confirmed with Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis. A specific spot from the extracted IAA production was found to correspond with a standard spot of IAA with the same Rf value. Finally, the tested PGPR demonstrated growth stimulatory effects on Acacia cyanophylla seedlings in vivo, with a great increase of shoots’ and roots’ dry weights, and shoot length compared to control. The rhizobacterial isolates were identified by 16S rDNA sequence analysis as Agrobacterium sp. NA11001, Phyllobacterium sp. C65, Bacillus sp. CS14, and Rhizobium sp. V3E1. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of the use of phosphate solubilizing and IAA producer microorganisms as biofertilizers to increase crop yields. The studied strains showed a significant phosphate solubilization potential and IAA production. The use of selected strains as inoculants would be interesting, in particular with a view of promoting sustainable agriculture. However, further studies to verify the efficacy of the best isolates in situ is certainly required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lebrazi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Karsten Niehaus
- Proteome and Metabolome Research, Faculty of Biology Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hanna Bednarz
- Proteome and Metabolome Research, Faculty of Biology Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Mouhcine Fadil
- Physico-Chemical Laboratory of Inorganic and Organic Materials, Materials Science Center (MSC), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Marwa Chraibi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Fez, Morocco
| | - Kawtar Fikri-Benbrahim
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Fez, Morocco
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14
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Trujillo-Hernandez JA, Bariat L, Enders TA, Strader LC, Reichheld JP, Belin C. A glutathione-dependent control of the indole butyric acid pathway supports Arabidopsis root system adaptation to phosphate deprivation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4843-4857. [PMID: 32309856 PMCID: PMC7410191 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Root system architecture results from a highly plastic developmental process to adapt to environmental conditions. In particular, the development of lateral roots and root hair growth are constantly optimized to the rhizosphere properties, including biotic and abiotic constraints. The development of the root system is tightly controlled by auxin, the driving morphogenic hormone in plants. Glutathione, a major thiol redox regulator, is also critical for root development but its interplay with auxin is scarcely understood. Previous work showed that glutathione deficiency does not alter root responses to indole acetic acid (IAA), the main active auxin in plants. Because indole butyric acid (IBA), another endogenous auxinic compound, is an important source of IAA for the control of root development, we investigated the crosstalk between glutathione and IBA during root development. We show that glutathione deficiency alters lateral roots and root hair responses to exogenous IBA but not IAA. Detailed genetic analyses suggest that glutathione regulates IBA homeostasis or conversion to IAA in the root cap. Finally, we show that both glutathione and IBA are required to trigger the root hair response to phosphate deprivation, suggesting an important role for this glutathione-dependent regulation of the auxin pathway in plant developmental adaptation to its environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Trujillo-Hernandez
- Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR, Perpignan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR, Perpignan, France
| | - Laetitia Bariat
- Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR, Perpignan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR, Perpignan, France
| | - Tara A Enders
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Present address: Hofstra University, Department of Biology, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Lucia C Strader
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Reichheld
- Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR, Perpignan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR, Perpignan, France
| | - Christophe Belin
- Université Perpignan Via Domitia, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR, Perpignan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, UMR, Perpignan, France
- Correspondence:
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15
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Menéndez E, Pérez-Yépez J, Hernández M, Rodríguez-Pérez A, Velázquez E, León-Barrios M. Plant Growth Promotion Abilities of Phylogenetically Diverse Mesorhizobium Strains: Effect in the Root Colonization and Development of Tomato Seedlings. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030412. [PMID: 32183288 PMCID: PMC7144016 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesorhizobium contains species widely known as nitrogen-fixing bacteria with legumes, but their ability to promote the growth of non-legumes has been poorly studied. Here, we analyzed the production of indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophores and the solubilization of phosphate and potassium in a collection of 24 strains belonging to different Mesorhizobium species. All these strains produce IAA, 46% solubilized potassium, 33% solubilize phosphate and 17% produce siderophores. The highest production of IAA was found in the strains Mesorhizobiumciceri CCANP14 and Mesorhizobiumtamadayense CCANP122, which were also able to solubilize potassium. Moreover, the strain CCANP14 showed the maximum phosphate solubilization index, and the strain CCANP122 was able to produce siderophores. These two strains were able to produce cellulases and cellulose and to originate biofilms in abiotic surfaces and tomato root surface. Tomato seedlings responded positively to the inoculation with these two strains, showing significantly higher plant growth traits than uninoculated seedlings. This is the first report about the potential of different Mesorhizobium species to promote the growth of a vegetable. Considering their use as safe for humans, animals and plants, they are an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers for non-legume crops in the framework of sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Menéndez
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Universidade de Évora, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal;
| | - Juan Pérez-Yépez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain; (J.P.-Y.); (A.R.-P.); (M.L.-B.)
| | - Mercedes Hernández
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología-CSIC, La Laguna, 38206 Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain;
| | - Ana Rodríguez-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain; (J.P.-Y.); (A.R.-P.); (M.L.-B.)
| | - Encarna Velázquez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética and Instituto Hispanoluso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Unidad Asociada Grupo de Interacción Planta-Microorganismo, Universidad de Salamanca-IRNASA-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-923-294-532
| | - Milagros León-Barrios
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain; (J.P.-Y.); (A.R.-P.); (M.L.-B.)
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16
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Garrido-Oter R, Nakano RT, Dombrowski N, Ma KW, McHardy AC, Schulze-Lefert P. Modular Traits of the Rhizobiales Root Microbiota and Their Evolutionary Relationship with Symbiotic Rhizobia. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 24:155-167.e5. [PMID: 30001518 PMCID: PMC6053594 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Rhizobia are a paraphyletic group of soil-borne bacteria that induce nodule organogenesis in legume roots and fix atmospheric nitrogen for plant growth. In non-leguminous plants, species from the Rhizobiales order define a core lineage of the plant microbiota, suggesting additional functional interactions with plant hosts. In this work, genome analyses of 1,314 Rhizobiales isolates along with amplicon studies of the root microbiota reveal the evolutionary history of nitrogen-fixing symbiosis in this bacterial order. Key symbiosis genes were acquired multiple times, and the most recent common ancestor could colonize roots of a broad host range. In addition, root growth promotion is a characteristic trait of Rhizobiales in Arabidopsis thaliana, whereas interference with plant immunity constitutes a separate, strain-specific phenotype of root commensal Alphaproteobacteria. Additional studies with a tripartite gnotobiotic plant system reveal that these traits operate in a modular fashion and thus might be relevant to microbial homeostasis in healthy roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Garrido-Oter
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne 50829, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Dusseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Ryohei Thomas Nakano
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne 50829, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Dusseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Nina Dombrowski
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne 50829, Germany; University of Texas Austin, Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX 78373, USA
| | - Ka-Wai Ma
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne 50829, Germany
| | - Alice C McHardy
- Department of Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Paul Schulze-Lefert
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne 50829, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Dusseldorf 40225, Germany.
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17
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Uncovering pH at both sides of the root plasma membrane interface using noninvasive imaging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:6488-6493. [PMID: 29866831 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721769115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Building a proton gradient across a biological membrane and between different tissues is a matter of great importance for plant development and nutrition. To gain a better understanding of proton distribution in the plant root apoplast as well as across the plasma membrane, we generated Arabidopsis plants expressing stable membrane-anchored ratiometric fluorescent sensors based on pHluorin. These sensors enabled noninvasive pH-specific measurements in mature root cells from the medium-epidermis interface up to the inner cell layers that lie beyond the Casparian strip. The membrane-associated apoplastic pH was much more alkaline than the overall apoplastic space pH. Proton concentration associated with the plasma membrane was very stable, even when the growth medium pH was altered. This is in apparent contradiction with the direct connection between root intercellular space and the external medium. The plasma membrane-associated pH in the stele was the most preserved and displayed the lowest apoplastic pH (6.0 to 6.1) and the highest transmembrane delta pH (1.5 to 2.2). Both pH values also correlated well with optimal activities of channels and transporters involved in ion uptake and redistribution from the root to the aerial part. In growth medium where ionic content is minimized, the root plasma membrane-associated pH was more affected by environmental proton changes, especially for the most external cell layers. Calcium concentration appears to play a major role in apoplastic pH under these restrictive conditions, supporting a role for the cell wall in pH homeostasis of the unstirred surface layer of plasma membrane in mature roots.
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18
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Trinh CS, Lee H, Lee WJ, Lee SJ, Chung N, Han J, Kim J, Hong SW, Lee H. Evaluation of the plant growth-promoting activity of Pseudomonas nitroreducens in Arabidopsis thaliana and Lactuca sativa. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:873-885. [PMID: 29541882 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Pseudomonas nitroreducens: strain IHB B 13561 (PnIHB) enhances the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana and Lactuca sativa via the stimulation of cell development and nitrate absorption. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) enhance plant development through various mechanisms; they improve the uptake of soil resources by plants to greatly promote plant growth. Here, we used Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and Lactuca sativa to screen the growth enhancement activities of a purified PGPR, Pseudomonas nitroreducens strain IHB B 13561 (PnIHB). When cocultivated with PnIHB, both species of plants exhibited notably improved growth, particularly in regard to biomass. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated high expression levels of the nitrate transporter genes, especially NRT2.1, which plays a major role in the high-affinity nitrate transport system in roots. Moreover, enhanced activity of the cyclin-B1 promoter was observed when wild-type 'Columbia-0' Arabidopsis seedlings were exposed to PnIHB, whereas upregulation of cyclin-B also occurred in the inoculated lettuce seedlings. Overall, these results suggest that PnIHB improves A. thaliana and L. sativa growth via specific pathways involved in the promotion of cell development and enhancement of nitrate uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Son Trinh
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeri Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Je Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Jin Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhyun Chung
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyeong Han
- Odus R&D Center, 262 Daecheong-Ro, Samseong-myeon, Eumseong-Gun, Chungcheongbuk-Do, 369-830, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongyun Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Whan Hong
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Bioenergy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hojoung Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Zhao CZ, Huang J, Gyaneshwar P, Zhao D. Rhizobium sp. IRBG74 Alters Arabidopsis Root Development by Affecting Auxin Signaling. Front Microbiol 2018; 8:2556. [PMID: 29354099 PMCID: PMC5759036 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizobium sp. IRBG74 not only nodulates Sesbania cannabina but also can enhance rice growth; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not clear. Here, we show that Rhizobium sp. IRBG74 colonizes the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana, which leads to inhibition in the growth of main root but enhancement in the formation of lateral roots. The promotion of lateral root formation by Rhizobium sp. IRBG74 in the fls2-1 mutant, which is insensitive to flagellin, is similar to the wild-type plant, while the auxin response deficient mutant tir1-1 is significantly less sensitive to Rhizobium sp. IRBG74 than the wild type in terms of the inhibition of main root elongation and the promotion of lateral root formation. Further transcriptome analysis of Arabidopsis roots inoculated with Rhizobium sp. IRBG74 revealed differential expression of 50 and 211 genes at 24 and 48 h, respectively, and a majority of these genes are involved in auxin signaling. Consistent with the transcriptome analysis results, Rhizobium sp. IRBG74 treatment induces expression of the auxin responsive reporter DR5:GUS in roots. Our results suggest that in Arabidopsis Rhizobium sp. IRBG74 colonizes roots and promotes the lateral root formation likely through modulating auxin signaling. Our work provides insight into the molecular mechanisms of interactions between legume-nodulating rhizobia and non-legume plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Prasad Gyaneshwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Dazhong Zhao
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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