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Suganami M, Yoshida H, Yoshida S, Kawamura M, Koketsu E, Matsuoka M, Kojima S. Redefining awn development in rice through the breeding history of Japanese awn reduction. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1370956. [PMID: 38817942 PMCID: PMC11137238 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1370956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The study challenges the conventional understanding of awn loss as a domestication syndrome, showing instead that many awned varieties continued to be widely grown in Japan until the early twentieth century and that selection for awn reduction was active at that time, demonstrating that awn loss is not a domestication syndrome but "a trait that emerged during crop improvement". Although selection for awnless mutants was carried out independently using different types of awned cultivars in the early twentieth century in Japan, awn loss was caused by the mutation in OsEPFL1. This suggests that a single mutant haplotype of OsEPFL1 was conserved in the genomes of different cultivars and subsequently selected within each line to meet the demand for awnless varieties. The study also conducts phylogenetic analyses of EPFL1 in 48 grass plants, revealing its unique involvement in awn formation in rice while potentially playing a different role in the domestication of other grass plants. Finally, an attempt is made to isolate an awn-forming gene that has not been identified from the awned rice cultivar "Omachi", which is still cultivated in Japan. The results presented in this paper provide a new perspective on domestication against the conventional understanding of awn development, shedding light on its potential as a useful organ for breeding to mitigate environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Suganami
- Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Fermentation Sciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hideki Yoshida
- Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Fermentation Sciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shinya Yoshida
- Hyogo Prefectural Research Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kasai, Japan
- Research Institute for Food and Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Ootsu, Japan
| | - Mayuko Kawamura
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eriko Koketsu
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Matsuoka
- Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Fermentation Sciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Soichi Kojima
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Liu Z, Fan Z, Wang L, Zhang S, Xu W, Zhao S, Fang S, Liu M, Kofi SM, Zhang S, Kang N, Ai H, Li R, Feng T, Wei S, Zhao H. Expression profiling of ALOG family genes during inflorescence development and abiotic stress responses in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Front Genet 2024; 15:1381690. [PMID: 38650857 PMCID: PMC11033443 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1381690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The ALOG (Arabidopsis LSH1 and Oryza G1) family proteins, namely, DUF640 domain-containing proteins, have been reported to function as transcription factors in various plants. However, the understanding of the response and function of ALOG family genes during reproductive development and under abiotic stress is still largely limited. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the structural characteristics of ALOG family proteins and their expression profiles during inflorescence development and under abiotic stress in rice. The results showed that OsG1/OsG1L1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9 all had four conserved helical structures and an inserted Zinc-Ribbon (ZnR), the other four proteins OsG1L10/11/12/13 lacked complete Helix-1 and Helix-2. In the ALOG gene promoters, there were abundant cis-acting elements, including ABA, MeJA, and drought-responsive elements. Most ALOG genes show a decrease in expression levels within 24 h under ABA and drought treatments, while OsG1L2 expression levels show an upregulated trend under ABA and drought treatments. The expression analysis at different stages of inflorescence development indicated that OsG1L1/2/3/8/11 were mainly expressed in the P1 stage; in the P4 stage, OsG1/OsG1L4/5/9/12 had a higher expression level. These results lay a good foundation for further studying the expression of rice ALOG family genes under abiotic stresses, and provide important experimental support for their functional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Liu
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Zhenjiang Fan
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Siyue Zhang
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Weichen Xu
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Sijie Zhao
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Sijia Fang
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Sackitey Mark Kofi
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Shuangxi Zhang
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Ningning Kang
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Hao Ai
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Ruining Li
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Shuya Wei
- College of Bioengineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heming Zhao
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
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Zhang Y, Shen C, Li G, Shi J, Yuan Y, Ye L, Song Q, Shi J, Zhang D. MADS1-regulated lemma and awn development benefits barley yield. Nat Commun 2024; 15:301. [PMID: 38182608 PMCID: PMC10770128 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Floral organ shape and size in cereal crops can affect grain size and yield, so genes that regulate their development are promising breeding targets. The lemma, which protects inner floral organs, can physically constrain grain growth; while the awn, a needle-like extension of the lemma, creates photosynthate to developing grain. Although several genes and modules controlling grain size and awn/lemma growth in rice have been characterized, these processes, and the relationships between them, are not well understood for barley and wheat. Here, we demonstrate that the barley E-class gene HvMADS1 positively regulates awn length and lemma width, affecting grain size and weight. Cytological data indicates that HvMADS1 promotes awn and lemma growth by promoting cell proliferation, while multi-omics data reveals that HvMADS1 target genes are associated with cell cycle, phytohormone signaling, and developmental processes. We define two potential targets of HvMADS1 regulation, HvSHI and HvDL, whose knockout mutants mimic awn and/or lemma phenotypes of mads1 mutants. Additionally, we demonstrate that HvMADS1 interacts with APETALA2 (A-class) to synergistically activate downstream genes in awn/lemma development in barley. Notably, we find that MADS1 function remains conserved in wheat, promoting cell proliferation to increase awn length. These findings extend our understanding of MADS1 function in floral organ development and provide insights for Triticeae crop improvement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueya Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chaoqun Shen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Gang Li
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5064, Australia.
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yajing Yuan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lingzhen Ye
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qingfeng Song
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Yazhou Bay Institute of Deepsea Sci-Tech, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya, 572025, China.
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5064, Australia
- Yazhou Bay Institute of Deepsea Sci-Tech, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya, 572025, China
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Takanashi H. Genetic control of morphological traits useful for improving sorghum. BREEDING SCIENCE 2023; 73:57-69. [PMID: 37168813 PMCID: PMC10165342 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.22069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change and global warming, coupled with the growing population, have raised concerns about sustainable food supply and bioenergy demand. Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] ranks fifth among cereals produced worldwide; it is a C4 crop with a higher stress tolerance than other major cereals and has a wide range of uses, such as grains, forage, and biomass. Therefore, sorghum has attracted attention as a promising crop for achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). In addition, sorghum is a suitable genetic model for C4 grasses because of its high morphological diversity and relatively small genome size compared to other C4 grasses. Although sorghum breeding and genetic studies have lagged compared to other crops such as rice and maize, recent advances in research have identified several genes and many quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control important agronomic traits in sorghum. This review outlines traits and genetic information with a focus on morphogenetic aspects that may be useful in sorghum breeding for grain and biomass utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Takanashi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Corresponding author (e-mail: )
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Bessho-Uehara K. Dawn of the Awn Regulatory Mechanism in Sorghum. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:886-888. [PMID: 35674674 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Bessho-Uehara
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genomics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578 Japan
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