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Le KC, Dedicova B, Johansson S, Lelu-Walter MA, Egertsdotter U. Temporary immersion bioreactor system for propagation by somatic embryogenesis of hybrid larch ( Larix × eurolepis Henry). Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 2021; 32:e00684. [PMID: 34754827 PMCID: PMC8556599 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) has high potential for large-scale clonal propagation of conifers. Different types of bioreactor cultures have been tested for the conifer SE process where the temporary immersion bioreactors (TIBs) have proved to be useful across the different developmental steps of the SE process. In the present study the use of TIBs was tested for hybrid larch (Larix × eurolepis Henry). The results showed two-fold increases in both fresh weight (FW) of pro-embryogenic masses (PEMs) and yield of cotyledonary embryos in the TIBs compared to solid medium in plates. For the germination phase, the highest number of roots per plant, the root length and height of plants were also obtained in the TIBs. The results show that the TIB system can be successfully used to support scale up of plant production in all steps of the SE process from proliferation to germination of hybrid larch (Larix × eurolepis Henry).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim-Cuong Le
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center (UPSC), Swedish University of Agricultural Science (SLU), SE 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Beata Dedicova
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center (UPSC), Swedish University of Agricultural Science (SLU), SE 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sofie Johansson
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center (UPSC), Swedish University of Agricultural Science (SLU), SE 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marie-Anne Lelu-Walter
- INRAE, ONF, BioForA, 2163 avenue de la Pomme de Pin, CS 40001 - Ardon, F-45075 Orléans, France
| | - Ulrika Egertsdotter
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center (UPSC), Swedish University of Agricultural Science (SLU), SE 901 83 Umeå, Sweden
- G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 Tenth Street NW, 30332-0620 Atlanta, GA. USA
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Abstract
Clonal propagation of conifers using somatic embryogenesis is essential for the selection of tree species,
and for the implementation of afforestation and reforestation. In combination with cryopreservation, somatic
embryogenesis
creates the basis for the development of economically valuable lines of clones and elite genotypes.
The industrial use of such genetically verified clone lines in forestry can significantly increase forest productivity compared
to any conventional methods for improving tree crops that are available. Larch is considered as one of the main
conifer candidates for large-scale reforestation, not only due to the vastness of its habitat, but also due to the unique
quality of its wood, rapid growth and high ecological plasticity. However, the vast majority of larch species are characterized
by uneven yields and extremely low seed quality. In this regard, obtaining planting material for reforestation
from larch seeds on seed plantations is not advisable, but can be successfully implemented in afforestation programs
using somatic embryogenesis technologies. Research on the somatic embryogenesis of larch has been conducted
for over 30 years, which allowed considerable experience in this field to be accumulated. To date, the conditions for
the initiation and maintenance of embryogenic cultures, as well as for the formation and development of somatic
embryos have been determined. Significant progress has been made in the study of both the factors affecting these
processes and the molecular mechanisms that underlie the various stages of embryogenesis. Nevertheless, despite
the successes achieved, knowledge available today on the somatic embryogenesis of representatives of the genus
Larix is still not enough to develop technologies for producing valuable plant-breeding material in vitro. This review
analyzes the current state of research on the problem of somatic embryogenesis of representatives of the genus Larix.
Particular attention is paid to the choice of explants for somatic embryogenesis, the composition of the media for
cultivation, the dependence of the potential of somatic embryogenesis on the duration of cultivation, and the genetic
control of somatic embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V N Shmakov
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Yu M Konstantinov
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
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Olivares-García CA, Mata-Rosas M, Peña-Montes C, Quiroz-Figueroa F, Segura-Cabrera A, Shannon LM, Loyola-Vargas VM, Monribot-Villanueva JL, Elizalde-Contreras JM, Ibarra-Laclette E, Ramirez-Vázquez M, Guerrero-Analco JA, Ruiz-May E. Phenylpropanoids Are Connected to Cell Wall Fortification and Stress Tolerance in Avocado Somatic Embryogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165679. [PMID: 32784357 PMCID: PMC7460882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a valuable model for understanding the mechanism of plant embryogenesis and a tool for the mass production of plants. However, establishing SE in avocado has been complicated due to the very low efficiency of embryo induction and plant regeneration. To understand the molecular foundation of the SE induction and development in avocado, we compared embryogenic (EC) and non-embryogenic (NEC) cultures of two avocado varieties using proteomic and metabolomic approaches. Although Criollo and Hass EC exhibited similarities in the proteome and metabolome profile, in general, we observed a more active phenylpropanoid pathway in EC than NEC. This pathway is associated with the tolerance of stress responses, probably through the reinforcement of the cell wall and flavonoid production. We could corroborate that particular polyphenolics compounds, including p-coumaric acid and t-ferulic acid, stimulated the production of somatic embryos in avocado. Exogen phenolic compounds were associated with the modification of the content of endogenous polyphenolic and the induction of the production of the putative auxin-a, adenosine, cellulose and 1,26-hexacosanediol-diferulate. We suggest that in EC of avocado, there is an enhanced phenylpropanoid metabolism for the production of the building blocks of lignin and flavonoid compounds having a role in cell wall reinforcement for tolerating stress response. Data are available at ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD019705.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A. Olivares-García
- Red de Manejo Biotecnológico de Recursos, Instituto de Ecología A. C., Cluster BioMimic, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Congregación el Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz CP 91073, Mexico; (C.A.O.-G.); (M.M.-R.)
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos, Veracruz CP 91897, Mexico
| | - Martín Mata-Rosas
- Red de Manejo Biotecnológico de Recursos, Instituto de Ecología A. C., Cluster BioMimic, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Congregación el Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz CP 91073, Mexico; (C.A.O.-G.); (M.M.-R.)
| | - Carolina Peña-Montes
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos, Veracruz CP 91897, Mexico
- Correspondence: (C.P.-M.); (E.R.-M.)
| | - Francisco Quiroz-Figueroa
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional-Unidad Sinaloa, Boulevard Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes # 250, Col. San Joachin, Guasave, Sinaloa 81101, Mexico;
| | - Aldo Segura-Cabrera
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK;
| | - Laura M. Shannon
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA;
| | - Victor M. Loyola-Vargas
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán CP 97205, Mexico;
| | - Juan L. Monribot-Villanueva
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C., Cluster BioMimic, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Congregación el Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz CP 91073, Mexico; (J.L.M.-V.); (J.M.E.-C.); (E.I.-L.); (M.R.-V.); (J.A.G.-A.)
| | - Jose M. Elizalde-Contreras
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C., Cluster BioMimic, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Congregación el Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz CP 91073, Mexico; (J.L.M.-V.); (J.M.E.-C.); (E.I.-L.); (M.R.-V.); (J.A.G.-A.)
| | - Enrique Ibarra-Laclette
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C., Cluster BioMimic, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Congregación el Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz CP 91073, Mexico; (J.L.M.-V.); (J.M.E.-C.); (E.I.-L.); (M.R.-V.); (J.A.G.-A.)
| | - Mónica Ramirez-Vázquez
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C., Cluster BioMimic, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Congregación el Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz CP 91073, Mexico; (J.L.M.-V.); (J.M.E.-C.); (E.I.-L.); (M.R.-V.); (J.A.G.-A.)
| | - José A. Guerrero-Analco
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C., Cluster BioMimic, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Congregación el Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz CP 91073, Mexico; (J.L.M.-V.); (J.M.E.-C.); (E.I.-L.); (M.R.-V.); (J.A.G.-A.)
| | - Eliel Ruiz-May
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C., Cluster BioMimic, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Congregación el Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz CP 91073, Mexico; (J.L.M.-V.); (J.M.E.-C.); (E.I.-L.); (M.R.-V.); (J.A.G.-A.)
- Correspondence: (C.P.-M.); (E.R.-M.)
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Guillou C, Fillodeau A, Brulard E, Breton D, De Faria Maraschin S, Verdier D, Simon M, Ducos JP. Indirect somatic embryogenesis of Theobroma cacao L . in liquid medium and improvement of embryo-to-plantlet conversion rate. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 2018; 54:377-391. [PMID: 30147286 PMCID: PMC6096749 DOI: 10.1007/s11627-018-9909-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of cocoa embryogenic cell lines in liquid medium starting from high frequency somatic embryogenesis (HFSE) callus is described. The growth kinetics of the cultures during the multiplication and the expression steps conducted in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks were described for three genotypes selected for their agronomical traits (EET95, EET96, and EET103). The glucose and dissolved oxygen concentrations and the absorption of Murashige and Skoog medium macronutrients (nitrate, ammonium, potassium, sulfate, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium) were monitored. The multiplication of the embryogenic calluses in a medium containing 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) at 1 mg L-1, initiated with an inoculation density of 20 g L-1 of callus, was achieved. The growth rate was characterized by two phases, with the second being concomitant with a depletion of phosphorus and magnesium, and a decrease in the embryogenic potential of the callus. The expression of the callus embryogenic capacity was conducted in an auxin-free medium. The embryo production starting from 1 and 5 g L-1 inoculation densities was compared. When placed in the optimal expression conditions in flasks, 1 g of callus produced 1000 to 1500 embryos within 5 to 7 wk. Finally, two paths for improving the plantlet regenerative capacities of cocoa SE produced in liquid medium were identified. Supplementing the expression medium with myo-inositol used as an osmotic agent at a concentration of 50 g L-1 increased the embryo-to-plantlet conversion rate from 13-16% to 40-48%. A 6-wk culture of the embryos on a maturation medium in Petri dishes optimized their subsequent development into plantlets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Guillou
- Nestlé Research & Development Centre Tours–Plant Science Research Unit, 101 avenue Gustave Eiffel BP49716, 37097 Tours CEDEX 2, France
| | - Audrey Fillodeau
- Nestlé Research & Development Centre Tours–Plant Science Research Unit, 101 avenue Gustave Eiffel BP49716, 37097 Tours CEDEX 2, France
| | - Eric Brulard
- Nestlé Research & Development Centre Tours–Plant Science Research Unit, 101 avenue Gustave Eiffel BP49716, 37097 Tours CEDEX 2, France
| | - David Breton
- Nestlé Research & Development Centre Tours–Plant Science Research Unit, 101 avenue Gustave Eiffel BP49716, 37097 Tours CEDEX 2, France
| | - Simone De Faria Maraschin
- Nestlé Research & Development Centre Tours–Plant Science Research Unit, 101 avenue Gustave Eiffel BP49716, 37097 Tours CEDEX 2, France
| | - Dorothée Verdier
- Nestlé Research & Development Centre Tours–Plant Science Research Unit, 101 avenue Gustave Eiffel BP49716, 37097 Tours CEDEX 2, France
| | - Mathieu Simon
- Nestlé Research & Development Centre Tours–Plant Science Research Unit, 101 avenue Gustave Eiffel BP49716, 37097 Tours CEDEX 2, France
| | - Jean-Paul Ducos
- Nestlé Research & Development Centre Tours–Plant Science Research Unit, 101 avenue Gustave Eiffel BP49716, 37097 Tours CEDEX 2, France
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Abstract
This review compiles research results published over the last 14 years on conifer somatic embryogenesis (SE). Emphasis is placed on the newest findings that affect the response of seed embryos (typical explants) and shoot primordia (rare explants) to the induction of SE and long-term culture of early somatic embryos. Much research in recent years has focused on maturation of somatic embryos, with respect to both yield and quality, as an important stage for the production of a large number of vigorous somatic seedlings. Attempts to scale up somatic embryo production numbers and handling have resulted in a few bioreactor designs, the utility of which may prove beneficial for an industrial application. A few simplified cryopreservation methods for embryonal masses (EM) were developed as a means to ensure cost-efficient long-term storage of genotypes during clonal field testing. Finally, recent long-term studies on the growth of somatic trees in the field, including seed production yield and comparison of seed parameters produced by somatic versus seed-derived trees, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Klimaszewska
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, 1055 du P.E.P.S., 10380, Stn. Sainte-Foy, QC, Canada, G1V 4C7.
| | | | - Marie-Anne Lelu-Walter
- INRA, UR 0588 Unité Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières, 2163 Avenue de la Pomme de Pin, CS 4001, Ardon, Orléans Cedex 2, 45075, France
| | - Jean-François Trontin
- FCBA, Pôle Biotechnologie et Sylviculture Avancée, Équipe Génétique et Biotechnologie, Campus Forêt-Bois de Pierroton, 71 Route d'Arcachon, Cestas, 33610, France
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Nic-Can GI, Galaz-Ávalos RM, De-la-Peña C, Alcazar-Magaña A, Wrobel K, Loyola-Vargas VM. Somatic Embryogenesis: Identified Factors that Lead to Embryogenic Repression. A Case of Species of the Same Genus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126414. [PMID: 26038822 PMCID: PMC4454440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis is a powerful biotechnological tool for the mass production of economically important cultivars. Due to the cellular totipotency of plants, somatic cells under appropriate conditions are able to develop a complete functional embryo. During the induction of somatic embryogenesis, there are different factors involved in the success or failure of the somatic embryogenesis response. Among these factors, the origin of the explant, the culture medium and the in vitro environmental conditions have been the most studied. However, the secretion of molecules into the media has not been fully addressed. We found that the somatic embryogenesis of Coffea canephora, a highly direct embryogenic species, is disrupted by the metabolites secreted from C. arabica, a poorly direct embryogenic species. These metabolites also affect DNA methylation. Our results show that the abundance of two major phenolic compounds, caffeine and chlorogenic acid, are responsible for inhibiting somatic embryogenesis in C. canephora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovanny I. Nic-Can
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP 97200, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Rosa M. Galaz-Ávalos
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP 97200, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Clelia De-la-Peña
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP 97200, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Armando Alcazar-Magaña
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guanajuato, L. de Retana 5, CP 36000 Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Kazimierz Wrobel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guanajuato, L. de Retana 5, CP 36000 Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP 97200, Mérida, Yucatán, México
- * E-mail:
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Couillerot JP, Windels D, Vazquez F, Michalski JC, Hilbert JL, Blervacq AS. Pretreatments, conditioned medium and co-culture increase the incidence of somatic embryogenesis of different Cichorium species. Plant Signal Behav 2012; 7:121-31. [PMID: 22301978 PMCID: PMC3357352 DOI: 10.4161/psb.7.1.18637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) in Cichorium involves dedifferentiation and redifferentiation of single cells and can be induced by specific in vitro culture conditions. We have tested the effect of various treatments on the incidence of SE (ISE) of an interspecific embryogenic hybrid (C. endivia x C. intybus) and of different commercial chicories (C. endivia and C. intybus) that are typically recalcitrant to SE in standard culture conditions. We found that the ISE of the hybrid is significantly increased by pretreatment of tissues by submersion in solutions of glycerol, abscisic acid, spermine, putrescine or of combinations of these compounds. Interestingly, the most efficient of these pretreatments also had an unexpectedly high effect on the ISE of the C. intybus cultivars. The ISE of the hybrid and of the commercial chicories were increased when explants were co-cultured with highly embryogenic chicory explants or when they were cultured in conditioned medium. These observations established that unidentified SE-promoting factors are released in the culture medium. HPLC analyses of secreted Arabino-Galactan Proteins (AGPs), which are known to stimulate SE, did not allow identifying a fraction containing differentially abundant AGP candidates. However, pointing to their role in promoting SE, we found that the hybrid had a drastically higher ISE when amino sugars and L-Proline, the putative precursors of secreted AGPs, were both added to the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Couillerot
- Université Lille Nord de France; Université Lille1; UMR INRA 1281 Stress Abiotiques et Différenciation des Végétaux Cultivés; Bâtiment SN2; Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - David Windels
- Botanical Institute; University of Basel; Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center; Swiss Plant Science Web; Basel, Switzerland
| | - Franck Vazquez
- Botanical Institute; University of Basel; Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center; Swiss Plant Science Web; Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Claude Michalski
- Université Lille Nord de France; Université Lille1; UMR CNRS 8576 Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle; Bâtiment C9; Villeneuve d’Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Louis Hilbert
- Université Lille Nord de France; Université Lille1; UMR INRA 1281 Stress Abiotiques et Différenciation des Végétaux Cultivés; Bâtiment SN2; Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Blervacq
- Université Lille Nord de France; Université Lille1; UMR INRA 1281 Stress Abiotiques et Différenciation des Végétaux Cultivés; Bâtiment SN2; Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
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