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Takahashi A, Chiba M, Tanahara A, Aida J, Shimizu Y, Suzuki T, Murakami S, Koarai K, Ono T, Oka T, Ikeyama J, Kaneko O, Unno M, Hirose K, Ohno T, Kino Y, Sekine T, Osaka K, Sasaki K, Shinoda H. Radioactivity and radionuclides in deciduous teeth formed before the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10335. [PMID: 33990650 PMCID: PMC8121844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) accident in March of 2011 released substantial amounts of radionuclides into the environment. We collected 4,957 deciduous teeth formed in children before the Fukushima accident to obtain precise control data for teeth formed after the accident. Radioactivity was measured using imaging plates (IP) and epidemiologically assessed using multivariate regression analysis. Additionally, we measured 90Sr, 137Cs, and natural radionuclides which might be present in teeth. Epidemiological studies of IP showed that the amount of radioactivity in teeth from Fukushima prefecture was similar to that from reference prefectures. We found that artificial radionuclides of 90Sr and 137Cs, which were believed to have originated from past nuclear disasters, and natural radionuclides including 40 K and daughter nuclides in the 238U and 232Th series contributed to the generation of radioactivity in teeth. We also found no evidence to suggest that radionuclides originating from the FNPP accident significantly contaminated pre-existing teeth. This is the first large-scale investigation of radioactivity and radionuclides in teeth. The present findings will be indispensable for future studies of teeth formed after the FNPP accident, which will fall out over the next several years and might be more contaminated with radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Takahashi
- Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mirei Chiba
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Akira Tanahara
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara, Nakagami, Okinawa, 903-0129, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yoshinaka Shimizu
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Suzuki
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shinobu Murakami
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuma Koarai
- Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 10-2 Fukasaku, Miharu, Fukushima, 963-7700, Japan
| | - Takumi Ono
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Oka
- Sector of Nuclear Science Research, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Joji Ikeyama
- The Fukushima Prefecture Dental Association, 6-6 Chugen-cho, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-8105, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- The Fukushima Prefecture Dental Association, 6-6 Chugen-cho, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-8105, Japan
| | - Makoto Unno
- The Fukushima Prefecture Dental Association, 6-6 Chugen-cho, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-8105, Japan
| | - Kimiharu Hirose
- Faculty of Dentistry, Ohu University, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohno
- Faculty of Dentistry, Ohu University, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kino
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sekine
- Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Tohoku University, 41 Kawauchi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8576, Japan
| | - Ken Osaka
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keiichi Sasaki
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hisashi Shinoda
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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Shao Y, Yang G, Tazoe H, Ma L, Yamada M, Xu D. A review of measurement methodologies and their applications to environmental 90Sr. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2018; 192:321-333. [PMID: 30029206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The high fission yield product 90Sr has been released into the environment in large amounts due to nuclear weapon tests, nuclear power plant accidents, and nuclear fuel reprocessing industries. It is a long half-life radionuclide (28.9 y), with serious consequences to human health; hence, it is desirable to perform routine monitoring of 90Sr in environmental samples. Many 90Sr radiometric methods have been developed in the past decades, which generally require complicated separation and purification steps with a relatively long analytical time. Moreover, some nominally rapid methods usually have high method detection limits, making them unsuitable for the environmental samples with ultra-low 90Sr levels. In this review, some rapid and practical methods for 90Sr routine monitoring are summarized. Different sample pretreatments and major purification procedures for 90Sr developed in recent years, such as variable digestion methods and extraction chromatography using Sr resin or DGA resin, are especially described. Additionally, four conventional and widely used β spectrometric and mass spectrometric methods are demonstrated. Finally, 90Sr evaluations focusing on contaminated soil and seawater samples collected after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, and 90Sr application as tracers for environmental behavior are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Radiation Chemistry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan; School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guosheng Yang
- Department of Radiation Chemistry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tazoe
- Department of Radiation Chemistry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Lingling Ma
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Masatoshi Yamada
- Department of Radiation Chemistry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan.
| | - Diandou Xu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Chatterjee S, Sarma MK, Deb U, Steinhauser G, Walther C, Gupta DK. Mushrooms: from nutrition to mycoremediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:19480-19493. [PMID: 28770504 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9826-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mushrooms are well known as important food items. The uses of mushrooms in the cuisine are manifolds and are being utilized for thousands of years in both Oriental and Occidental cultures. Medicinal properties of mushrooms show an immense potential as drugs for the treatment of various diseases as they are rich in a great variety of phytochemicals. In this review, we attempted to encompass the recent knowledge and scientific advancement about mushrooms and their utilization as food or curative properties, along with their natural ability to accumulate (heavy) metals/radionuclides, which leads to an important aspect of bioremediation. However, accumulation of heavy metals and radionuclides from natural or anthropogenic sources also involves potential nutritional hazards upon consumption. These hazards have been pointed out in this review incorporating a selection of the most recently published literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Chatterjee
- Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Post Bag No. 02, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India
| | - Mukul K Sarma
- Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Post Bag No. 02, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India
| | - Utsab Deb
- Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Post Bag No. 02, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India
| | - Georg Steinhauser
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Clemens Walther
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dharmendra K Gupta
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany.
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Karube Z, Inuzuka Y, Tanaka A, Kurishima K, Kihou N, Shibata Y. Radiostrontium monitoring of bivalves from the Pacific coast of eastern Japan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:17095-17104. [PMID: 27211094 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6878-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In early April 2011, radiostrontium was accidentally released from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant to the Pacific coast of eastern Japan. We developed a simple procedure to analyze radiostrontium levels in marine mussels (Septifer virgatus) and seawater using crown ether (Sr Resin; Eichrom). Then, we used our method to describe the spatial and temporal distribution of radiostrontium in mussels and seawater on the Pacific coast of eastern Japan from 2011 to 2013 and for 2015. Activity of (90)Sr in mussels and seawater decreased with distance from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant and between 2011 and 2013 tended to be higher in areas south of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant than to the north of it. Activity in mussels and seawater also tended to decrease from 2011 to 2013 and by 2015 had reached levels experienced prior to the Fukushima accident. Our results suggest that radiostrontium discharged from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant was dispersed by coastal currents in a southerly direction along the Pacific coast of eastern Japan from 2011 to 2013, following which its activity decreased to background levels by 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zin'ichi Karube
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan.
- Present Address: Center for Water Environment Studies, Ibaraki University, 1375 Ohu, Itako, Ibaraki, 311-2402, Japan.
| | - Yoko Inuzuka
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Kurishima
- Tsukuba Branch, WDB Co. Ltd., 1-6-1 Takezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0032, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Kihou
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, NARO, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Shibata
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
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Sahoo SK, Kavasi N, Sorimachi A, Arae H, Tokonami S, Mietelski JW, Łokas E, Yoshida S. Strontium-90 activity concentration in soil samples from the exclusion zone of the Fukushima daiichi nuclear power plant. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23925. [PMID: 27048779 PMCID: PMC4822116 DOI: 10.1038/srep23925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The radioactive fission product 90Sr has a long biological half-life (˜18 y) in the human body. Due to its chemical similarity to calcium it accumulates in bones and irradiates the bone marrow, causing its high radio-toxicity. Assessing 90Sr is therefore extremely important in case of a nuclear disaster. In this work 16 soil samples were collected from the exclusion zone (<30 km) of the earthquake-damaged Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, to measure 90Sr activity concentration using liquid scintillation counting. 137Cs activity concentration was also measured with gamma-spectroscopy in order to investigate correlation with 90Sr. The 90Sr activity concentrations ranged from 3.0 ± 0.3 to 23.3 ± 1.5 Bq kg−1 while the 137Cs from 0.7 ± 0.1 to 110.8 ± 0.3 kBq kg−1. The fact that radioactive contamination originated from the Fukushima nuclear accident was obvious due to the presence of 134Cs. However, 90Sr contamination was not confirmed in all samples although detectable amounts of 90Sr can be expected in Japanese soils, as a background, stemming from global fallout due to the atmospheric nuclear weapon tests. Correlation analysis between 90Sr and 137Cs activity concentrations provides a potentially powerful tool to discriminate background 90Sr level from its Fukushima contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarata Kumar Sahoo
- Project for Environmental Dynamics and Radiation Effects, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Norbert Kavasi
- Project for Environmental Dynamics and Radiation Effects, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Atsuyuki Sorimachi
- Department of Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.,Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki City, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Hideki Arae
- Project for Environmental Dynamics and Radiation Effects, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Shinji Tokonami
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki City, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Jerzy Wojciech Mietelski
- Department of Nuclear Physical Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Radzikowskiego 152, Poland
| | - Edyta Łokas
- Department of Nuclear Physical Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Radzikowskiego 152, Poland
| | - Satoshi Yoshida
- Project for Environmental Dynamics and Radiation Effects, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Steinhauser G, Saey PRJ. 137Cs in the meat of wild boars: a comparison of the impacts of Chernobyl and Fukushima. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015; 307:1801-1806. [PMID: 27003955 PMCID: PMC4779459 DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4417-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The impact of Chernobyl on the 137Cs activities found in wild boars in Europe, even in remote locations from the NPP, has been much greater than the impact of Fukushima on boars in Japan. Although there is great variability within the 137Cs concentrations throughout the wild boar populations, some boars in southern Germany in recent years exhibit higher activity concentrations (up to 10,000 Bq/kg and higher) than the highest 137Cs levels found in boars in the governmental food monitoring campaign (7900 Bq/kg) in Fukushima prefecture in Japan. The levels of radiocesium in boar appear to be more persistent than would be indicated by the constantly decreasing 137Cs inventory observed in the soil which points to a food source that is highly retentive to 137Cs contamination or to other radioecological anomalies that are not yet fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Steinhauser
- Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, 1618 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA ; Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Paul R J Saey
- Vienna University of Technology, Atominstitut, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria
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