1
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Irani F, Muotka J, Lyyra P, Parviainen T, Monto S. Social influence in adolescence: Behavioral and neural responses to peer and expert opinion. Soc Neurosci 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38426851 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2024.2323745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Social influence plays a crucial role during the teen years, with adolescents supposedly exhibiting heightened sensitivity to their peers. In this study, we examine how social influence from different sources, particularly those with varying normative and informational significance, affect adolescents' opinion change. Furthermore, we investigated the underlying neural dynamics to determine whether these two behaviorally similar influences share their neural mechanisms. Twenty-three participants (14-17 years old) gave their opinions about facial stimuli and received feedback from either a peer group or an expert group, while brain responses were recorded using concurrent magnetoencephalography. In a second rating session, we found that participants' opinions changed in line with conflicting feedback, but only when the feedback was lower than their initial evaluation. On the neural level, conflict with peers evoked stronger neural responses than conflict with experts in the 230-400 ms time window and the right frontotemporal magnetometer channels. Nevertheless, there was no greater conformity toward peers. Moreover, conflict compared to no conflict decreased neural oscillations in the beta frequency range (20-26 Hz) at the right frontal and parietal channels. Taken together, our findings do not support the general assumption that adolescent behavior is excessively vulnerable to peer norms, although we found heightened neural sensitivity to peer feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Irani
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Joona Muotka
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pessi Lyyra
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tiina Parviainen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Simo Monto
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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2
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Guérette J, Blais C, Fiset D. Verbal Aggressions Against Major League Baseball Umpires Affect Their Decision Making. Psychol Sci 2024; 35:288-303. [PMID: 38376897 DOI: 10.1177/09567976241227411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessively criticizing a perceived unfair decision is considered to be common behavior among people seeking to restore fairness. However, the effectiveness of this strategy remains unclear. Using an ecological environment where excessive criticism is rampant-Major League Baseball-we assess the impact of verbal aggression on subsequent home-plate umpire decision making during the 2010 to 2019 seasons (N = 153,255 pitches). Results suggest a two-sided benefit of resorting to verbal abuse. After being excessively criticized, home-plate umpires (N = 110 adults, employed in the United States) were less likely to call strikes to batters from the complaining team and more prone to call strikes to batters on the opposing team. A series of additional analyses lead us to reject an alternative hypothesis, namely that umpires, after ejecting the aggressor, seek to compensate for the negative consequences brought on by the loss of a teammate. Rather, our findings support the hypothesis that, under certain conditions, verbal aggression may offer an advantage to complainants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Guérette
- Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais
- École interdisciplinaire de la santé, Université du Québec en Outaouais
| | - Caroline Blais
- Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais
| | - Daniel Fiset
- Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais
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3
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Dai J, Jorgensen NA, Duell N, Capella J, Maza MT, Kwon SJ, Prinstein MJ, Lindquist KA, Telzer EH. Neural tracking of social hierarchies in adolescents' real-world social networks. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:nsad064. [PMID: 37978845 PMCID: PMC10656574 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsad064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we combined sociometric nominations and neuroimaging techniques to examine adolescents' neural tracking of peers from their real-world social network that varied in social preferences and popularity. Adolescent participants from an entire school district (N = 873) completed peer sociometric nominations of their grade at school, and a subset of participants (N = 117, Mage = 13.59 years) completed a neuroimaging task in which they viewed peer faces from their social networks. We revealed two neural processes by which adolescents track social preference: (1) the fusiform face area, an important region for early visual perception and social categorization, simultaneously represented both peers high in social preference and low in social preference; (2) the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), which was differentially engaged in tracking peers high and low in social preference. No regions specifically tracked peers high in popularity and only the inferior parietal lobe, temporoparietal junction, midcingulate cortex and insula were involved in tracking unpopular peers. This is the first study to examine the neural circuits that support adolescents' perception of peer-based social networks. These findings identify the neural processes that allow youths to spontaneously keep track of peers' social value within their social network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Dai
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Nathan A Jorgensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Natasha Duell
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Jimmy Capella
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Maria T Maza
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Seh-Joo Kwon
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Mitchell J Prinstein
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Kristen A Lindquist
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
| | - Eva H Telzer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA
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4
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Kim H, Kwak S, Baek EC, Oh N, Baldina E, Youm Y, Chey J. Brain connectivity during social exclusion differs depending on the closeness within a triad among older adults living in a village. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:7135903. [PMID: 37084399 PMCID: PMC10121205 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsad015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Social exclusion occurs in various types of social relationships, from anonymous others to close friends. However, the role that social relationships play in social exclusion is less well known because most paradigms investigating social exclusion have been done in laboratory contexts, without considering the features of individuals' real-world social relationships. Here, we addressed this gap by examining how pre-existing social relationships with rejecters may influence the brain response of individuals experiencing social exclusion. Eighty-eight older adults living in a rural village visited the laboratory with two other participants living in the same village and played Cyberball in an Magnetic Resonance Imaging scanner. Utilizing whole-brain connectome-based predictive modeling, we analyzed functional connectivity (FC) data obtained during the social exclusion task. First, we found that the level of self-reported distress during social exclusion was significantly related to sparsity, i.e. lack of closeness, within a triad. Furthermore, the sparsity was significantly predicted by the FC model, demonstrating that a sparse triadic relationship was associated with stronger connectivity patterns in brain regions previously implicated in social pain and mentalizing during Cyberball. These findings extend our understanding of how real-world social intimacy and relationships with excluders affect neural and emotional responses to social exclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairin Kim
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Seyul Kwak
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Elisa C Baek
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Naeun Oh
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Ekaterina Baldina
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Yoosik Youm
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Jeanyung Chey
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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5
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Chen X, Liu J, Luo YJ, Feng C. Brain Systems Underlying Fundamental Motivations of Human Social Conformity. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:328-342. [PMID: 36287291 PMCID: PMC9905476 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00960-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
From birth to adulthood, we often align our behaviors, attitudes, and opinions with a majority, a phenomenon known as social conformity. A seminal framework has proposed that conformity behaviors are mainly driven by three fundamental motives: a desire to gain more information to be accurate, to obtain social approval from others, and to maintain a favorable self-concept. Despite extensive interest in neuroimaging investigation of social conformity, the relationship between brain systems and these fundamental motivations has yet to be established. Here, we reviewed brain imaging findings of social conformity with a componential framework, aiming to reveal the neuropsychological substrates underlying different conformity motivations. First, information-seeking engages the evaluation of social information, information integration, and modification of task-related activity, corresponding to brain networks implicated in reward, cognitive control, and tasks at hand. Second, social acceptance involves the anticipation of social acceptance or rejection and mental state attribution, mediated by networks of reward, punishment, and mentalizing. Third, self-enhancement entails the excessive representation of positive self-related information and suppression of negative self-related information, ingroup favoritism and/or outgroup derogation, and elaborated mentalizing processes to the ingroup, supported by brain systems of reward, punishment, and mentalizing. Therefore, recent brain imaging studies have provided important insights into the fundamental motivations of social conformity in terms of component processes and brain mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yue-Jia Luo
- Department of Applied Psychology, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266113, China.
- The State Key Lab of Cognitive and Learning, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
- The Research Center of Brain Science and Visual Cognition, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650506, China.
- College of Teacher Education, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, 250200, China.
| | - Chunliang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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6
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Do KT, McCormick EM, Prinstein MJ, Lindquist KA, Telzer EH. Intrinsic connectivity within the affective salience network moderates adolescent susceptibility to negative and positive peer norms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17463. [PMID: 36261429 PMCID: PMC9582022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17780-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Not all adolescents are equally susceptible to peer influence, and for some, peer influence exerts positive rather than negative effects. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, the current study examined how intrinsic functional connectivity networks associated with processing social cognitive and affective stimuli predict adolescents' (n = 87, ages 11-14 years) prosocial tendencies and risky behaviors in the context of positive and negative peer norms. We tested the moderating role of four candidate intrinsic brain networks-associated with mentalizing, cognitive control, motivational relevance, and affective salience-in peer influence susceptibility. Only intrinsic connectivity within the affective salience network significantly moderated the association between peer norms and adolescent behavior above and beyond the other networks. Adolescents with high intrinsic connectivity within the affective salience network reported greater prosocial tendencies in contexts with more positive peer norms but greater risk-taking behavior in contexts with more negative peer norms. In contrast, peer norms were not associated with adolescent behavior for individuals with low affective salience within-network intrinsic connectivity. The mentalizing network, cognitive control network, and motivational relevance network were not associated with individual differences in peer influence susceptibility. This study identifies key neural mechanisms underlying differential susceptibility to positive and negative peer influence in early adolescence, with a particular emphasis on the role of affective salience over traditional mentalizing, regulatory, and motivational processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy T. Do
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270 USA
| | - Ethan M. McCormick
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mitchell J. Prinstein
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270 USA
| | - Kristen A. Lindquist
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270 USA
| | - Eva H. Telzer
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270 USA
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7
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Irani F, Maunula S, Muotka J, Leppäniemi M, Kukkonen M, Monto S, Parviainen T. Brain dynamics of recommendation-based social influence on preference change: A magnetoencephalography study. Soc Neurosci 2022; 17:397-413. [PMID: 36154915 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2022.2126001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
People change their preferences when exposed to others' opinions. We examine the neural basis of how peer feedback influences an individual's recommendation behavior. In addition, we investigate if the personality trait of 'agreeableness' modulates behavioral change and neural responses. In our experiment, participants with low and high agreeableness indicated their degree of recommendation of commercial brands, while subjected to peer group feedback. The associated neural responses were recorded with concurrent magnetoencephalography. After a delay, the participants were asked to reevaluate the brands. Recommendations changed consistently with conflicting feedback only when peer recommendation was lower than the initial recommendation. On the neural level, feedback evoked neural responses in the medial frontal and lateral parietal cortices, which were stronger for conflicting peer opinions. Conflict also increased neural oscillations in 4-10 Hz and decreased oscillations in 13-30 Hz in medial frontal and parietal cortices§. The change in recommendation behavior was not different between the low and high agreeableness groups. However, the groups differed in neural oscillations in the alpha and beta bands, when recommendation matched with feedback. In addition to corroborating earlier findings on the role of conflict monitoring in feedback processing, our results suggest that agreeableness modulates neural processing of peer feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Irani
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sini Maunula
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Joona Muotka
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Matti Leppäniemi
- School of Business and Economics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Maria Kukkonen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Simo Monto
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tiina Parviainen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Brain Research, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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8
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Krendl AC, Betzel RF. Social cognitive network neuroscience. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2022; 17:510-529. [PMID: 35352125 PMCID: PMC9071476 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsac020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past three decades, research from the field of social neuroscience has identified a constellation of brain regions that relate to social cognition. Although these studies have provided important insights into the specific neural regions underlying social behavior, they may overlook the broader neural context in which those regions and the interactions between them are embedded. Network neuroscience is an emerging discipline that focuses on modeling and analyzing brain networks-collections of interacting neural elements. Because human cognition requires integrating information across multiple brain regions and systems, we argue that a novel social cognitive network neuroscience approach-which leverages methods from the field of network neuroscience and graph theory-can advance our understanding of how brain systems give rise to social behavior. This review provides an overview of the field of network neuroscience, discusses studies that have leveraged this approach to advance social neuroscience research, highlights the potential contributions of social cognitive network neuroscience to understanding social behavior and provides suggested tools and resources for conducting network neuroscience research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne C Krendl
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Richard F Betzel
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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9
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Tompson SH, Falk EB, O'Donnell MB, Cascio CN, Bayer JB, Vettel JM, Bassett DS. Response inhibition in adolescents is moderated by brain connectivity and social network structure. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 15:827-837. [PMID: 32761131 PMCID: PMC7543938 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The social environment an individual is embedded in influences their ability and motivation to engage self-control processes, but little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying this effect. Many individuals successfully regulate their behavior even when they do not show strong activation in canonical self-control brain regions. Thus, individuals may rely on other resources to compensate, including daily experiences navigating and managing complex social relationships that likely bolster self-control processes. Here, we employed a network neuroscience approach to investigate the role of social context and social brain systems in facilitating self-control in adolescents. We measured brain activation using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as 62 adolescents completed a Go/No-Go response inhibition task. We found that self-referential brain systems compensate for weaker activation in executive function brain systems, especially for adolescents with more friends and more communities in their social networks. Collectively, our results indicate a critical role for self-referential brain systems during the developmental trajectory of self-control throughout adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven H Tompson
- US Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005, USA
| | - Emily B Falk
- Annenberg School of Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Wharton Marketing Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Christopher N Cascio
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Joseph B Bayer
- School of Communication, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.,Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jean M Vettel
- US Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Danielle S Bassett
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
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10
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Yu W, Wu X, Chen Y, Liang Z, Jiang J, Misrani A, Su Y, Peng Y, Chen J, Tang B, Sun M, Long C, Shen J, Yang L. Pelvic Pain Alters Functional Connectivity Between Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Hippocampus in Both Humans and a Rat Model. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:642349. [PMID: 34149369 PMCID: PMC8210850 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.642349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and hippocampus (HIPP) are two key brain regions associated with pain and pain-related affective processing. However, whether and how pelvic pain alters the neural activity and connectivity of the ACC and HIPP under baseline and during social pain, and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, remain unclear. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combined with electrophysiology and biochemistry, we show that pelvic pain, particularly, primary dysmenorrhea (PDM), causes an increase in the functional connectivity between ACC and HIPP in resting-state fMRI, and a smaller reduction in connectivity during social exclusion in PDM females with periovulatory phase. Similarly, model rats demonstrate significantly increased ACC-HIPP synchronization in the gamma band, associating with reduced modulation by ACC-theta on HIPP-gamma and increased levels of receptor proteins and excitation. This study brings together human fMRI and animal research and enables improved therapeutic strategies for ameliorating pain and pain-related affective processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Yu
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Education, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiying Liang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxiang Jiang
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Afzal Misrani
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Su
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yigang Peng
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binliang Tang
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyao Sun
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Long
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Youm Y, Kim J, Kwak S, Chey J. Neural and social correlates of attitudinal brokerage: using the complete social networks of two entire villages. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20202866. [PMID: 33563127 PMCID: PMC7893238 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To avoid polarization and maintain small-worldness in society, people who act as attitudinal brokers are critical. These people maintain social ties with people who have dissimilar and even incompatible attitudes. Based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (n = 139) and the complete social networks from two Korean villages (n = 1508), we investigated the individual-level neural capacity and social-level structural opportunity for attitudinal brokerage regarding gender role attitudes. First, using a connectome-based predictive model, we successfully identified the brain functional connectivity that predicts attitudinal diversity of respondents' social network members. Brain regions that contributed most to the prediction included mentalizing regions known to be recruited in reading and understanding others’ belief states. This result was corroborated by leave-one-out cross-validation, fivefold cross-validation and external validation where the brain connectivity identified in one village was used to predict the attitudinal diversity in another independent village. Second, the association between functional connectivity and attitudinal diversity of social network members was contingent on a specific position in a social network, namely, the structural brokerage position where people have ties with two people who are not otherwise connected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoosik Youm
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsol Kim
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyul Kwak
- Seoul National University Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeanyung Chey
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Telzer EH, Jorgensen NA, Prinstein MJ, Lindquist KA. Neurobiological Sensitivity to Social Rewards and Punishments Moderates Link Between Peer Norms and Adolescent Risk Taking. Child Dev 2020; 92:731-745. [PMID: 33030267 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Although peer influence is a strong predictor of adolescents' risk-taking behaviors, not all adolescents are susceptible to their peer group. One hundred and thirty-six adolescents (Mage = 12.79 years) completed an fMRI scan, measures of perceived peer group norms, and engagement in risky behavior. Ventral striatum (VS) sensitivity when anticipating social rewards and avoiding social punishments significantly moderated the association between perceived peer norms and adolescents' own risk behaviors. Perceptions of more deviant peer norms were associated with increased risky behavior, but only for adolescents with high VS sensitivity; adolescents with low VS sensitivity were resilient to deviant peer norms, showing low risk taking regardless of peer context. Findings provide a novel contribution to the study of peer influence susceptibility.
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Cerebral responses to self-initiated action during social interactions. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2020; 19:1521-1535. [PMID: 30941709 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-019-00711-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Social interaction involves self-initiated actions that engage subjective awareness of one's own volition. Individuals with social communication needs or social anxiety find it particularly difficult to initiate social interactions. However, extant studies have not specifically addressed how perceived exclusion may influence self-initiated actions during social interaction. As a first step to address this question, we scanned 24 healthy adults participating in a Cyberball game with two fictive players. By contrasting events of observing, receiving, and initiating ball toss during a scenario of fair game (FG) and of exclusion (EX), we examined the neural correlates of self-initiated action during social interactions. Behaviorally, participants were faster in catching but slower in tossing the ball in EX compared with FG, suggesting a burden during self-initiated actions during social exclusion. Tossing versus receiving (or observing) engaged higher activity during EX than FG in the precuneus and angular gyrus, regions that have been widely implicated in theory of mind processing and social emotions. Across subjects these cortical activities correlated positively with the difference between EX and FG in the percentage of trials where participants tossed the ball back to the same player (r = 0.69, p < 0.001). Together, the results suggested that, in healthy adults, social exclusion encumbered and engaged higher posterior cortical activations during self-initiated actions. The findings may facilitate future research of neural markers of social behavioral disorders.
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14
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Hudd T, Moscovitch DA. Coping with social wounds: How social pain and social anxiety influence access to social rewards. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2020; 68:101572. [PMID: 32315823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2020.101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Prior studies have shown that people display signs of increased social approach motivation and affiliative behaviour in response to social exclusion. This response is considered an adaptive strategy that serves to repair damage to social networks and increase access to mood-enhancing social rewards. However, heightened trait social anxiety (SA) has been linked to decreased approach motivation and responsiveness to social rewards. In the current preliminary experimental study, we tested whether trait SA inhibits the expected increase in social approach following the pain of exclusion. We then tested whether diminished social approach is associated with reduced positive affect. METHODS Participants played a game of Cyberball and were randomly assigned to receive significantly fewer passes (exclusion condition) or an equal number of passes (control condition) as other players. Subsequently, participants were given the opportunity to engage in an online social interaction activity with avatars they believed were other participants. RESULTS Analyses revealed that the exclusion condition led to greater social pain than the control condition. Across conditions, greater social pain was associated with higher levels of approach motivation in anticipation of the social interaction activity, but only for individuals with lower levels of trait SA. Finally, when controlling for levels of trait SA, social pain was associated with positive affect following the social interaction activity, but only for individuals with higher levels of approach motivation. LIMITATIONS Participants consisted predominantly of female undergraduates, limiting generalizability of these data. As well, hypotheses were supported for the measure of approach motivation but not the measure of approach behaviour. Finally, this study was not powered to enable moderated mediation analyses, which would have provided the most direct test of the hypothesized model. CONCLUSIONS Heightened approach motivation in the face of social pain may facilitate increased positive affect. However, higher levels of trait SA dampen approach motivation. Future well-powered studies should use moderated mediation analyses to test the hypothesized model more parsimoniously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Hudd
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Mental Health Research and Treatment, University of Waterloo, Canada.
| | - David A Moscovitch
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Mental Health Research and Treatment, University of Waterloo, Canada
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15
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Duerler P, Schilbach L, Stämpfli P, Vollenweider FX, Preller KH. LSD-induced increases in social adaptation to opinions similar to one's own are associated with stimulation of serotonin receptors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12181. [PMID: 32699231 PMCID: PMC7376162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68899-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adapting one's attitudes and behaviors to group norms is essential for successful social interaction and, thus, participation in society. Yet, despite its importance for societal and individual functioning, the underlying neuropharmacology is poorly understood. We therefore investigated its neurochemical and neural correlates in a pharmacological functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) has been shown to alter social processing and therefore provides the unique opportunity to investigate the role of the 5-HT2A receptor in social influence processing. Twenty-four healthy human volunteers received either (1) placebo + placebo, (2) placebo + LSD (100 µg), or (3) the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist ketanserin (40 mg) + LSD (100 µg) at three different occasions in a double-blind, randomized, counterbalanced, cross-over design. LSD increases social adaptation but only if the opinions of others are similar to the individual's own. These increases were associated with increased activity in the medial prefrontal cortex while participants received social feedback. Furthermore, pretreatment with the 5-HT2A antagonist ketanserin fully blocked LSD-induced changes during feedback processing, indicating a key role of the 5-HT2A system in social feedback processing. Our results highlight the crucial role of the 5-HT-system in social influence and, thus, provide important insight into the neuropharmacological basis of social cognition and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Duerler
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital for Psychiatry Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Leonhard Schilbach
- Independent Max Planck Research Group for Social Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,Clinic for Disorders of Social Interaction, LVR Klinikum Düsseldorf/Kliniken der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Bergische Landstr. 2, 40629, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Stämpfli
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital for Psychiatry Zurich, Lenggstr. 31, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franz X Vollenweider
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital for Psychiatry Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin H Preller
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Brain Imaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital for Psychiatry Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032, Zürich, Switzerland
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16
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Pei R, Lauharatanahirun N, Cascio CN, O'Donnell MB, Shope JT, Simons-Morton BG, Vettel JM, Falk EB. Neural processes during adolescent risky decision making are associated with conformity to peer influence. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2020; 44:100794. [PMID: 32716849 PMCID: PMC7281781 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescents’ neural responses to risky decisions may modulate their conformity to different types of peer influence. Neural activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) predicted conformity to risky peers while driving. Connectivity between VS and risk processing regions (including insula and ACC) predicted safer driving under risky influence.
Adolescents demonstrate both heightened sensitivity to peer influence and increased risk-taking. The current study provides a novel test of how these two phenomena are related at behavioral and neural levels. Adolescent males (N = 83, 16–17 years) completed the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) in an fMRI scanner. One week later, participants completed a driving task in which they drove alone and with a safety- or risk-promoting peer passenger. Results showed that neural responses during BART were associated with participants’ behavioral conformity to safe vs. risky peer influence while later driving. First, the extent that neural activation in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) scaled with decision stakes in BART was associated with conformity to risky peer influence. Additionally, stake-modulated functional connectivity between ventral striatum (VS) and risk processing regions (including ACC and insula) was associated with safer driving under risky peer influence (i.e. resistance to risky peer influence), suggesting that connectivity between VS and ACC as well as insula may serve a protective role under risky peer influence. Together, these results suggest that adolescents’ neural responses to risky decision making may modulate their behavioral conformity to different types of peer influence on risk taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pei
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Nina Lauharatanahirun
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA
| | - Christopher N Cascio
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Matthew B O'Donnell
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jean T Shope
- Transportation Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bruce G Simons-Morton
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jean M Vettel
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA
| | - Emily B Falk
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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17
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Tompson SH, Kahn AE, Falk EB, Vettel JM, Bassett DS. Functional brain network architecture supporting the learning of social networks in humans. Neuroimage 2020; 210:116498. [PMID: 31917325 PMCID: PMC8740914 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Most humans have the good fortune to live their lives embedded in richly structured social groups. Yet, it remains unclear how humans acquire knowledge about these social structures to successfully navigate social relationships. Here we address this knowledge gap with an interdisciplinary neuroimaging study drawing on recent advances in network science and statistical learning. Specifically, we collected BOLD MRI data while participants learned the community structure of both social and non-social networks, in order to examine whether the learning of these two types of networks was differentially associated with functional brain network topology. We found that participants learned the community structure of the networks, as evidenced by a slower reaction time when a trial moved between communities than when a trial moved within a community. Learning the community structure of social networks was also characterized by significantly greater functional connectivity of the hippocampus and temporoparietal junction when transitioning between communities than when transitioning within a community. Furthermore, temporoparietal regions of the default mode were more strongly connected to hippocampus, somatomotor, and visual regions for social networks than for non-social networks. Collectively, our results identify neurophysiological underpinnings of social versus non-social network learning, extending our knowledge about the impact of social context on learning processes. More broadly, this work offers an empirical approach to study the learning of social network structures, which could be fruitfully extended to other participant populations, various graph architectures, and a diversity of social contexts in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven H Tompson
- Human Sciences Campaign, U.S. Combat Capabilities Development Center Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen, MD, 21005, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ari E Kahn
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Emily B Falk
- Annenberg School of Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Marketing Department, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jean M Vettel
- Human Sciences Campaign, U.S. Combat Capabilities Development Center Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen, MD, 21005, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Danielle S Bassett
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, 87501, USA.
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18
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Wang W, Zhornitsky S, Li CSP, Le TM, Joormann J, Li CSR. Social anxiety, posterior insula activation, and autonomic response during self-initiated action in a Cyberball game. J Affect Disord 2019; 255:158-167. [PMID: 31153052 PMCID: PMC6591038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An earlier study characterized the neural correlates of self-initiated actions in a Cyberball game in healthy individuals. It remains unclear how social anxiety may influence these neural processes. METHODS We examined regional activations to self-initiated actions in 25 adults with low and 25 with high social anxiety (LA and HA, respectively). Skin conductance was recorded concurrently with fMRI. We followed published routines in the analyses of imaging and skin conductance data. RESULTS We hypothesized that HA as compared to LA individuals would demonstrate increased cortical limbic activations during self-initiated actions (tossing or T > receiving or R trials, to control for motor activities) in social exclusion (EX) vs. fair game (FG) scenario. At a corrected threshold, HA as compared with LA group showed increases in bilateral posterior insula activation during T vs. R trials in EX as compared to FG. Further, HA as compared to LA showed higher skin conductance response to tossing trials during EX as compared to FG. LIMITATIONS With a limited sample size, we did not examine potential sex effects. Further, we cannot rule out the effects of depression on the findings. CONCLUSIONS Together, the results suggest that individuals with more severe social anxiety engaged the somatosensory insula to a greater extent and exhibited higher physiological arousal when initiating ball toss during social exclusion in the Cyberball game. Posterior insula response to self-initiated action may represent a biomarker of social anxiety. It remains to be investigated whether interventions to decrease physiological arousal may alleviate social anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519
| | | | - Clara S.-P. Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519,Phillips Academy, Andover, MA 01810
| | - Thang M. Le
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Jutta Joormann
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Chiang-shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520,Address correspondence to: C.-S. Ray Li, Connecticut Mental Health Center, S112, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519, U.S.A. Phone: +1 203-974-7354,
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19
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Simons-Morton BG, Bingham CR, Li K, Zhu C, Buckley L, Falk EB, Shope JT. The Effect of Teenage Passengers on Simulated Risky Driving Among Teenagers: A Randomized Trial. Front Psychol 2019; 10:923. [PMID: 31133918 PMCID: PMC6524721 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Teenage passengers might influence risky driving, particularly in certain mental states. Notably, social exclusion could increase social conformity. Two studies examined simulated intersection management among young drivers after a social exclusion activity (Cyberball). In Study 1 [112 males (mean = 17.3 years)], risky driving was significantly greater among excluded males driving with a risk-accepting vs. passive passenger; no effect of social exclusion. In Study 2 [115 females (mean = 17.1 years)], risky driving was significantly greater among excluded females driving with a risk-accepting vs. a passive passenger, and greater among those included (fair play) vs. excluded when driving with a risk-accepting passenger. Risky driving behavior among male and female teenagers may be influenced uniquely by passenger norms and social exclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce G Simons-Morton
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - C Raymond Bingham
- Transportation Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kaigang Li
- Health and Exercise Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Chunming Zhu
- The Professional Group, Glotech Team, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lisa Buckley
- Transport and Road Safety Research, School of Aviation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emily B Falk
- Annenberg School for Communication, Wharton Marketing Department, and Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jean Thatcher Shope
- Transportation Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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20
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Roy H, Wasylyshyn N, Spangler DP, Gamble KR, Patton D, Brooks JR, Garcia JO, Vettel JM. Linking Emotional Reactivity Between Laboratory Tasks and Immersive Environments Using Behavior and Physiology. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:54. [PMID: 30833895 PMCID: PMC6387949 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An event or experience can induce different emotional responses between individuals, including strong variability based on task parameters or environmental context. Physiological correlates of emotional reactivity, as well as related constructs of stress and anxiety, have been found across many physiological metrics, including heart rate and brain activity. However, the interdependances and interactions across contexts and between physiological systems are not well understood. Here, we recruited military and law enforcement to complete two experimental sessions across two different days. In the laboratory session, participants viewed high-arousal negative images while brain activity electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded from the scalp, and functional connectivity was computed during the task and used as a predictor of emotional response during the other experimental session. In an immersive simulation session, participants performed a shoot-don't-shoot scenario while heart rate electrocardiography (ECG) was recorded. Our analysis examined the relationship between the sessions, including behavioral responses (emotional intensity ratings, task performance, and self-report anxiety) and physiology from different modalities [brain connectivity and heart rate variability (HRV)]. Results replicated previous research and found that behavioral performance was modulated within-session based on varying levels of emotional intensity in the laboratory session (t (24) = 4.062, p < 0.0005) and stress level in the simulation session (Z = 2.45, corrected p-value = 0.0142). Both behavior and physiology demonstrated cross-session relationships. Behaviorally, higher intensity ratings in the laboratory was related to higher self-report anxiety in the immersive simulation during low-stress (r = 0.465, N = 25, p = 0.019) and high-stress (r = 0.400, N = 25, p = 0.047) conditions. Physiologically, brain connectivity in the theta band during the laboratory session significantly predicted low-frequency HRV in the simulation session (p < 0.05); furthermore, a frontoparietal connection accounted for emotional intensity ratings during the attend laboratory condition (r = 0.486, p = 0.011) and self-report anxiety after the high-stress simulation condition (r = 0.389, p = 0.035). Interestingly, the predictive power of the brain activity occurred only for the conditions where participants had higher levels of emotional reactivity, stress, or anxiety. Taken together, our findings describe an integrated behavioral and physiological characterization of emotional reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Roy
- United States Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Adelphi, MD, United States
| | - Nick Wasylyshyn
- United States Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Adelphi, MD, United States
| | - Derek P Spangler
- United States Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Adelphi, MD, United States
| | - Katherine R Gamble
- United States Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Adelphi, MD, United States
| | - Debbie Patton
- United States Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Adelphi, MD, United States
| | - Justin R Brooks
- United States Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Adelphi, MD, United States
| | - Javier O Garcia
- United States Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Adelphi, MD, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jean M Vettel
- United States Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Adelphi, MD, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
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21
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Falk E, Scholz C. Persuasion, Influence, and Value: Perspectives from Communication and Social Neuroscience. Annu Rev Psychol 2017; 69:329-356. [PMID: 28961060 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-122216-011821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Opportunities to persuade and be persuaded are ubiquitous. What determines whether influence spreads and takes hold? This review provides an overview of evidence for the central role of subjective valuation in persuasion and social influence for both propagators and receivers of influence. We first review evidence that decisions to communicate information are determined by the subjective value a communicator expects to gain from sharing. We next review evidence that the effects of social influence and persuasion on receivers, in turn, arise from changes in the receiver's subjective valuation of objects, ideas, and behaviors. We then review evidence that self-related and social considerations are two key inputs to the value calculation in both communicators and receivers. Finally, we highlight biological coupling between communicators and receivers as a mechanism through which perceptions of value can be transmitted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Falk
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104; , .,Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.,Marketing Department, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Christin Scholz
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104; ,
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