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Farsi Z, Nicolella A, Simmons SK, Aryal S, Shepard N, Brenner K, Lin S, Herzog L, Moran SP, Stalnaker KJ, Shin W, Gazestani V, Song BJ, Bonanno K, Keshishian H, Carr SA, Pan JQ, Macosko EZ, Datta SR, Dejanovic B, Kim E, Levin JZ, Sheng M. Brain-region-specific changes in neurons and glia and dysregulation of dopamine signaling in Grin2a mutant mice. Neuron 2023; 111:3378-3396.e9. [PMID: 37657442 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
A genetically valid animal model could transform our understanding of schizophrenia (SCZ) disease mechanisms. Rare heterozygous loss-of-function (LoF) mutations in GRIN2A, encoding a subunit of the NMDA receptor, greatly increase the risk of SCZ. By transcriptomic, proteomic, and behavioral analyses, we report that heterozygous Grin2a mutant mice show (1) large-scale gene expression changes across multiple brain regions and in neuronal (excitatory and inhibitory) and non-neuronal cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), (2) evidence of hypoactivity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hyperactivity in the hippocampus and striatum, (3) an elevated dopamine signaling in the striatum and hypersensitivity to amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion (AIH), (4) altered cholesterol biosynthesis in astrocytes, (5) a reduction in glutamatergic receptor signaling proteins in the synapse, and (6) an aberrant locomotor pattern opposite of that induced by antipsychotic drugs. These findings reveal potential pathophysiologic mechanisms, provide support for both the "hypo-glutamate" and "hyper-dopamine" hypotheses of SCZ, and underscore the utility of Grin2a-deficient mice as a genetic model of SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Farsi
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Ally Nicolella
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sean K Simmons
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sameer Aryal
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nate Shepard
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kira Brenner
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sherry Lin
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Linnea Herzog
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sean P Moran
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katherine J Stalnaker
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Wangyong Shin
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Vahid Gazestani
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bryan J Song
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Bonanno
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hasmik Keshishian
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jen Q Pan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Evan Z Macosko
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Borislav Dejanovic
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eunjoon Kim
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, South Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Joshua Z Levin
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Morgan Sheng
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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2
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Gomez-Figueroa E, Garcia-Estrada C, Paredes-Aragon E, Salado-Burbano J, Cortés-Enriquez F, Marrufo-Melendez O, Espinola-Nadurille M, Ramirez-Bermudez J, Rivas-Alonso V, Corona T, Flores-Rivera J. Brain MRI volumetric changes in the follow-up of patients with anti-NMDAr encephalitis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021; 209:106908. [PMID: 34488009 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autoimmune anti-NMDAr encephalitis is an antibody-mediated disorder characterized by psychiatric symptoms followed by decreased consciousness, dysautonomia and seizures. The pathophysiology of the disease is related to the internalization of NR1 subtype NMDA receptors and the dysfunction of structures where they are abundant (frontotemporal and insular regions). Some reports suggest the existence of cerebral atrophy in the follow-up of these patients, with conflicting evidence regarding its presence and usefulness as a marker of prognosis. METHODS In a longitudinal, observational study, all patients with the diagnosis of definite anti-NMDAr autoimmune encephalitis with initial and control MRI studies were included. Conventional MR Brain acquisition was performed using a 3-Tesla Skyra MRI System. Automated brain segmental analysis was performed using the Volbrain volumetry system. The differences between baseline MRI volumetric characteristics and volumetric measures at follow-up was assessed. RESULTS 25 patients were included (mean age 26.6, SD 9.6). 44% were females. The mean time between the studies was 24 (SD 21.4, 3-24) months. Significant volume loss was identified in the total brain volume (- 0.02%, p = 0.029), cerebellar volume (- 0.27%, p = 0.048) and brainstem volume (- 0.16%, p = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS This study supports previous observations regarding volume loss in several brain regions of patients with antiNMDAr encephalitis. Further analyses are required to understand the role of treatment and severe clinical forms, as well as the relationship between volume loss and functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Gomez-Figueroa
- Neurology Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, México City, Mexico.
| | | | - Elma Paredes-Aragon
- Neurology Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, México City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Oscar Marrufo-Melendez
- Neuroimaging Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, México City, Mexico
| | | | - Jesus Ramirez-Bermudez
- Neuropsychiatry Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, México City, Mexico
| | - Verónica Rivas-Alonso
- Neurology Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, México City, Mexico
| | - Teresita Corona
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, México City, Mexico
| | - José Flores-Rivera
- Neurology Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, México City, Mexico
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Energization by multiple substrates and calcium challenge reveal dysfunctions in brain mitochondria in a model related to acute psychosis. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2019; 52:1-15. [PMID: 31853754 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-019-09816-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia etiology is unknown, nevertheless imbalances occurring in an acute psychotic episode are important to its development, such as alterations in cellular energetic state, REDOX homeostasis and intracellular Ca2+ management, all of which are controlled primarily by mitochondria. However, mitochondrial function was always evaluated singularly, in the presence of specific respiratory substrates, without considering the plurality of the electron transport system. In this study, mitochondrial function was analyzed under conditions of isolated or multiple respiratory substrates using brain mitochondria isolated from MK-801-exposed mice. Results showed a high H2O2 production in the presence of pyruvate/malate, with no change in oxygen consumption. In the condition of multiple substrates, however, this effect is lost. The analysis of Ca2+ retention capacity revealed a significant change in the uptake kinetics of this ion by mitochondria in MK-801-exposed animals. Futhermore, when mitochondria were exposed to calcium, a total loss of oxidative phosphorylation and an impressive increase in H2O2 production were observed in the condition of multiple substrates. There was no alteration in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes analyzed. The data demonstrate for the first time, in an animal model of psychosis, two important aspects (1) mitochondria may compensate deficiencies in a single mitochondrial complex when they oxidize several substrates simultaneously, (2) Ca2+ handling is compromised in MK-801-exposed mice, resulting in a loss of phosphorylative capacity and an increase in H2O2 production. These data favor the hypothesis that disruption of key physiological roles of mitochondria may be a trigger in acute psychosis and, consequently, schizophrenia.
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Sullivan CR, Koene RH, Hasselfeld K, O'Donovan S, Ramsey A, McCullumsmith RE. Neuron-specific deficits of bioenergetic processes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2019; 24:1319-1328. [PMID: 29497148 PMCID: PMC6119539 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a devastating illness that affects over 2 million people in the United States and costs society billions of dollars annually. New insights into the pathophysiology of schizophrenia are needed to provide the conceptual framework to facilitate development of new treatment strategies. We examined bioenergetic pathways in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of subjects with schizophrenia and control subjects using western blot analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme/substrate assays. Laser-capture microdissection-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to examine these pathways at the cellular level. We found decreases in hexokinase (HXK) and phosphofructokinase (PFK) activity in the DLPFC, as well as decreased PFK1 mRNA expression. In pyramidal neurons, we found an increase in monocarboxylate transporter 1 mRNA expression, and decreases in HXK1, PFK1, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), and GLUT3 mRNA expression. These results suggest abnormal bioenergetic function, as well as a neuron-specific defect in glucose utilization, in the DLPFC in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney R. Sullivan
- Corresponding author: , Phone number: 513-558-4855, Mail address: 231 Albert Sabin Way, Care 5830, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267-2827
| | - Rachael H. Koene
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Kathryn Hasselfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Sinead O'Donovan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Amy Ramsey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert E. McCullumsmith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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5
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Lefevre E, Gooch H, Josh P, Alexander S, Eyles DW, Burne TH. Functional and molecular changes in the nucleus accumbens of MK-801-sensitized rats. Behav Pharmacol 2019; 30:383-395. [DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Sullivan CR, Mielnik CA, O'Donovan SM, Funk AJ, Bentea E, DePasquale EA, Alganem K, Wen Z, Haroutunian V, Katsel P, Ramsey AJ, Meller J, McCullumsmith RE. Connectivity Analyses of Bioenergetic Changes in Schizophrenia: Identification of Novel Treatments. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:4492-4517. [PMID: 30338483 PMCID: PMC7584383 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We utilized a cell-level approach to examine glycolytic pathways in the DLPFC of subjects with schizophrenia (n = 16) and control (n = 16) and found decreased mRNA expression of glycolytic enzymes in pyramidal neurons, but not astrocytes. To replicate these novel bioenergetic findings, we probed independent datasets for bioenergetic targets and found similar abnormalities. Next, we used a novel strategy to build a schizophrenia bioenergetic profile by a tailored application of the Library of Integrated Network-Based Cellular Signatures data portal (iLINCS) and investigated connected cellular pathways, kinases, and transcription factors using Enrichr. Finally, with the goal of identifying drugs capable of "reversing" the bioenergetic schizophrenia signature, we performed a connectivity analysis with iLINCS and identified peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists as promising therapeutic targets. We administered a PPAR agonist to the GluN1 knockdown model of schizophrenia and found it improved long-term memory. Taken together, our findings suggest that tailored bioinformatics approaches, coupled with the LINCS library of transcriptional signatures of chemical and genetic perturbagens, may be employed to identify novel treatment strategies for schizophrenia and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catharine A Mielnik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | | - Adam J Funk
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Eduard Bentea
- Neurosciences TA Biology, UCB BioPharma SPRL, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Erica A DePasquale
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Khaled Alganem
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Zhexing Wen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Pavel Katsel
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Amy J Ramsey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jarek Meller
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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7
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Jia P, Chen X, Xie W, Kendler KS, Zhao Z. Mega-analysis of Odds Ratio: A Convergent Method for a Deep Understanding of the Genetic Evidence in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2019; 45:698-708. [PMID: 29931221 PMCID: PMC6483587 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sby085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Numerous high-throughput omics studies have been conducted in schizophrenia, providing an accumulated catalog of susceptible variants and genes. The results from these studies, however, are highly heterogeneous. The variants and genes nominated by different omics studies often have limited overlap with each other. There is thus a pressing need for integrative analysis to unify the different types of data and provide a convergent view of schizophrenia candidate genes (SZgenes). In this study, we collected a comprehensive, multidimensional dataset, including 7819 brain-expressed genes. The data hosted genome-wide association evidence in genetics (eg, genotyping data, copy number variations, de novo mutations), epigenetics, transcriptomics, and literature mining. We developed a method named mega-analysis of odds ratio (MegaOR) to prioritize SZgenes. Application of MegaOR in the multidimensional data resulted in consensus sets of SZgenes (up to 530), each enriched with dense, multidimensional evidence. We proved that these SZgenes had highly tissue-specific expression in brain and nerve and had intensive interactions that were significantly stronger than chance expectation. Furthermore, we found these SZgenes were involved in human brain development by showing strong spatiotemporal expression patterns; these characteristics were replicated in independent brain expression datasets. Finally, we found the SZgenes were enriched in critical functional gene sets involved in neuronal activities, ligand gated ion signaling, and fragile X mental retardation protein targets. In summary, MegaOR analysis reported consensus sets of SZgenes with enriched association evidence to schizophrenia, providing insights into the pathophysiology underlying schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Jia
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Xiangning Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV,Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Kenneth S Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX,To whom correspondence should be addressed; School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin St. Suite 820, Houston, TX 77030, USA; tel: 713-500-3631, fax: 713-500-3907, e-mail:
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8
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Sullivan CR, O'Donovan SM, McCullumsmith RE, Ramsey A. Defects in Bioenergetic Coupling in Schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:739-750. [PMID: 29217297 PMCID: PMC5891385 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic neurotransmission relies on maintenance of the synapse and meeting the energy demands of neurons. Defects in excitatory and inhibitory synapses have been implicated in schizophrenia, likely contributing to positive and negative symptoms as well as impaired cognition. Recently, accumulating evidence has suggested that bioenergetic systems, important in both synaptic function and cognition, are abnormal in psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia. Animal models of synaptic dysfunction demonstrated endophenotypes of schizophrenia as well as bioenergetic abnormalities. We report findings on the bioenergetic interplay of astrocytes and neurons and discuss how dysregulation of these pathways may contribute to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, highlighting metabolic systems as important therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney R Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Sinead M O'Donovan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Robert E McCullumsmith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
| | - Amy Ramsey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Tao C, Nichols TE, Hua X, Ching CRK, Rolls ET, Thompson PM, Feng J. Generalized reduced rank latent factor regression for high dimensional tensor fields, and neuroimaging-genetic applications. Neuroimage 2016; 144:35-57. [PMID: 27666385 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a generalized reduced rank latent factor regression model (GRRLF) for the analysis of tensor field responses and high dimensional covariates. The model is motivated by the need from imaging-genetic studies to identify genetic variants that are associated with brain imaging phenotypes, often in the form of high dimensional tensor fields. GRRLF identifies from the structure in the data the effective dimensionality of the data, and then jointly performs dimension reduction of the covariates, dynamic identification of latent factors, and nonparametric estimation of both covariate and latent response fields. After accounting for the latent and covariate effects, GRLLF performs a nonparametric test on the remaining factor of interest. GRRLF provides a better factorization of the signals compared with common solutions, and is less susceptible to overfitting because it exploits the effective dimensionality. The generality and the flexibility of GRRLF also allow various statistical models to be handled in a unified framework and solutions can be efficiently computed. Within the field of neuroimaging, it improves the sensitivity for weak signals and is a promising alternative to existing approaches. The operation of the framework is demonstrated with both synthetic datasets and a real-world neuroimaging example in which the effects of a set of genes on the structure of the brain at the voxel level were measured, and the results compared favorably with those from existing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Tao
- Centre for Computational Systems Biology and School of Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Computer Science, Warwick University, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Xue Hua
- Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher R K Ching
- Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Graduate Program, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edmund T Rolls
- Department of Computer Science, Warwick University, Coventry, UK; Oxford Centre for Computational Neuroscience, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Radiology, Engineering, Pediatrics, and Ophthalmology, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Centre for Computational Systems Biology and School of Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Computer Science, Warwick University, Coventry, UK; School of Life Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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10
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Histamine is correlated with liver fibrosis in biliary atresia. Dig Liver Dis 2016; 48:921-6. [PMID: 27257052 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Biliary atresia (BA) is a severe neonatal cholestasis disease that is caused by obstruction of extra bile ducts. Liver fibrosis progresses dramatically in BA, and the underlying molecular mechanism is largely unknown. METHODS Amino acids and biogenic amines were quantified by targeted metabolomic methods in livers of 52 infants with BA and 16 infants with neonatal hepatitis syndrome (NHS). Normal adjacent nontumor liver tissues from 5 hepatoblastoma infants were used as controls. Orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis was used to identify the differences between BA, NHS, and control tissues. Histamine metabolism enzymes and receptors were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS The orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis clearly separated BA from NHS and the controls using amino acid and biogenic amine profiles. Histamine was significantly increased in the livers of BA infants and was positively correlated with the severity of fibrosis. This finding was supported by the elevated l-histidine decarboxylase and reduced monoamine oxidase type B expressions in the BA infants with severe fibrosis. Furthermore, histamine receptor H1 was observed in the cholangiocytes of BA livers. CONCLUSIONS Histamine was positively correlated with fibrosis and may be a potential target to prevent liver fibrosis in BA.
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11
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Cassoli JS, Iwata K, Steiner J, Guest PC, Turck CW, Nascimento JM, Martins-de-Souza D. Effect of MK-801 and Clozapine on the Proteome of Cultured Human Oligodendrocytes. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:52. [PMID: 26973466 PMCID: PMC4776125 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Separate lines of evidence have demonstrated the involvement of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and oligodendrocyte dysfunctions in schizophrenia. Here, we have carried out shotgun mass spectrometry proteome analysis of oligodendrocytes treated with the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 to gain potential insights into these effects at the molecular level. The MK-801 treatment led to alterations in the levels of 68 proteins, which are associated with seven distinct biological processes. Most of these proteins are involved in energy metabolism and many have been found to be dysregulated in previous proteomic studies of post-mortem brain tissues from schizophrenia patients. Finally, addition of the antipsychotic clozapine to MK-801-treated oligodendrocyte cultures resulted in changes in the levels of 45 proteins and treatment with clozapine alone altered 122 proteins and many of these showed opposite changes to the MK-801 effects. Therefore, these proteins and the associated energy metabolism pathways should be explored as potential biomarkers of antipsychotic efficacy. In conclusion, MK-801 treatment of oligodendrocytes may provide a useful model for testing the efficacy of novel treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S Cassoli
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas Campinas, Brazil
| | - Keiko Iwata
- United Graduate School of Child Development, Department of Development of Functional Brain Activities, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Osaka University and Kanazawa University and Chiba University and University of Fukui Fukui, Japan
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Magdeburg Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Paul C Guest
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas Campinas, Brazil
| | - Christoph W Turck
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry Munich, Germany
| | - Juliana M Nascimento
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of CampinasCampinas, Brazil; D'Or Institute for Research and Education Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of CampinasCampinas, Brazil; UNICAMP Neurobiology CenterCampinas, Brazil
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Gilabert-Juan J, Sáez AR, Lopez-Campos G, Sebastiá-Ortega N, González-Martínez R, Costa J, Haro JM, Callado LF, Meana JJ, Nacher J, Sanjuán J, Moltó MD. Semaphorin and plexin gene expression is altered in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenia patients with and without auditory hallucinations. Psychiatry Res 2015; 229:850-7. [PMID: 26243375 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Auditory hallucinations (AH) are clinical hallmarks of schizophrenia, however little is known about molecular genetics of these symptoms. In this study, gene expression profiling of postmortem brain samples from prefrontal cortex of schizophrenic patients without AH (SNA), patients with AH (SA) and control subjects were compared. Genome-wide expression analysis was conducted using samples of three individuals of each group and the Affymetrix GeneChip Human-Gene 1.0 ST-Array. This analysis identified the Axon Guidance pathway as one of the most differentially expressed network among SNA, SA and CNT. To confirm the transcriptome results, mRNA level quantification of seventeen genes involved in this pathway was performed in a larger sample. PLXNB1, SEMA3A, SEMA4D and SEM6C were upregulated in SNA or SA patients compared to controls. PLXNA1 and SEMA3D showed down-regulation in their expression in the patient's samples, but differences remained statistically significant between the SNA patients and controls. Differences between SNA and SA were found in PLXNB1 expression which is decreased in SA patients. This study strengthens the contribution of brain plasticity in pathophysiology of schizophrenia and shows that non-hallucinatory patients present more alterations in frontal regions than patients with hallucinations concerning neural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Gilabert-Juan
- CIBERSAM, Spain; Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universitat de València, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Unidad de Neurobiología y Programa de Neurociencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Departamento de Biología Celular, Universitat de València, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Rosa Sáez
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universitat de València, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Noelia Sebastiá-Ortega
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universitat de València, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rocio González-Martínez
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universitat de València, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Unidad de Neurobiología y Programa de Neurociencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Departamento de Biología Celular, Universitat de València, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Costa
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep María Haro
- CIBERSAM, Spain; Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis F Callado
- CIBERSAM, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Spain
| | - J Javier Meana
- CIBERSAM, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Spain; BioCruces Health Research Institute, Spain
| | - Juán Nacher
- CIBERSAM, Spain; Unidad de Neurobiología y Programa de Neurociencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Departamento de Biología Celular, Universitat de València, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Sanjuán
- CIBERSAM, Spain; Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Universitat de València INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Moltó
- CIBERSAM, Spain; Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universitat de València, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
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Zhou J, Liu Z, Yu J, Han X, Fan S, Shao W, Chen J, Qiao R, Xie P. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Molecular Adaptations in the Hippocampal Synaptic Active Zone of Chronic Mild Stress-Unsusceptible Rats. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 19:pyv100. [PMID: 26364272 PMCID: PMC4772275 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyv100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While stressful events are recognized as an important cause of major depressive disorder, some individuals exposed to life stressors maintain normal psychological functioning. The molecular mechanism(s) underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. Abnormal transmission and plasticity of hippocampal synapses have been implied to play a key role in the pathoetiology of major depressive disorder. METHODS A chronic mild stress protocol was applied to separate susceptible and unsusceptible rat subpopulations. Proteomic analysis using an isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was performed to identify differential proteins in enriched hippocampal synaptic junction preparations. RESULTS A total of 4318 proteins were quantified, and 89 membrane proteins were present in differential amounts. Of these, SynaptomeDB identified 81 (91%) having a synapse-specific localization. The unbiased profiles identified several candidate proteins within the synaptic junction that may be associated with stress vulnerability or insusceptibility. Subsequent functional categorization revealed that protein systems particularly involved in membrane trafficking at the synaptic active zone exhibited a positive strain as potential molecular adaptations in the unsusceptible rats. Moreover, through STRING and immunoblotting analysis, membrane-associated GTP-bound Rab3a and Munc18-1 appear to coregulate syntaxin-1/SNAP25/VAMP2 assembly at the hippocampal presynaptic active zone of unsusceptible rats, facilitating SNARE-mediated membrane fusion and neurotransmitter release, and may be part of a stress-protection mechanism in actively maintaining an emotional homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS The present results support the concept that there is a range of potential protein adaptations in the hippocampal synaptic active zone of unsusceptible rats, revealing new investigative targets that may contribute to a better understanding of stress insusceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Liu, Han, Fan, Shao, and Xie)
| | - Zhao Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Liu, Han, Fan, Shao, and Xie)
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Liu, Han, Fan, Shao, and Xie)
| | - Xin Han
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Liu, Han, Fan, Shao, and Xie)
| | - Songhua Fan
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Liu, Han, Fan, Shao, and Xie)
| | - Weihua Shao
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Liu, Han, Fan, Shao, and Xie)
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Liu, Han, Fan, Shao, and Xie)
| | - Rui Qiao
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Liu, Han, Fan, Shao, and Xie)
| | - Peng Xie
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China (Drs Zhou, Liu, Yu, Han, Fan, Shao, Chen, Qiao, and Xie); Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (Drs Liu, Han, Fan, Shao, and Xie).
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Kedracka-Krok S, Swiderska B, Jankowska U, Skupien-Rabian B, Solich J, Buczak K, Dziedzicka-Wasylewska M. Clozapine influences cytoskeleton structure and calcium homeostasis in rat cerebral cortex and has a different proteomic profile than risperidone. J Neurochem 2015; 132:657-76. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Kedracka-Krok
- Department of Physical Biochemistry; Faculty of Biochemistry; Biophysics and Biotechnology; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology; Department of Structural Biology; Krakow Poland
| | - Bianka Swiderska
- Department of Physical Biochemistry; Faculty of Biochemistry; Biophysics and Biotechnology; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology; Department of Structural Biology; Krakow Poland
| | - Urszula Jankowska
- Department of Physical Biochemistry; Faculty of Biochemistry; Biophysics and Biotechnology; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology; Department of Structural Biology; Krakow Poland
| | - Bozena Skupien-Rabian
- Department of Physical Biochemistry; Faculty of Biochemistry; Biophysics and Biotechnology; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology; Department of Structural Biology; Krakow Poland
| | - Joanna Solich
- Institute of Pharmacology; Polish Academy of Sciences; Krakow Poland
| | - Katarzyna Buczak
- Department of Physical Biochemistry; Faculty of Biochemistry; Biophysics and Biotechnology; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
| | - Marta Dziedzicka-Wasylewska
- Department of Physical Biochemistry; Faculty of Biochemistry; Biophysics and Biotechnology; Jagiellonian University; Krakow Poland
- Institute of Pharmacology; Polish Academy of Sciences; Krakow Poland
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Plum S, Steinbach S, Abel L, Marcus K, Helling S, May C. Proteomics in neurodegenerative diseases: Methods for obtaining a closer look at the neuronal proteome. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014; 9:848-71. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Plum
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center; Funktionelle Proteomik; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | - Simone Steinbach
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center; Medical Proteomics/Bioanalytics; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | - Laura Abel
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center; Medical Proteomics/Bioanalytics; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | - Katrin Marcus
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center; Funktionelle Proteomik; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | - Stefan Helling
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center; Funktionelle Proteomik; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | - Caroline May
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center; Medical Proteomics/Bioanalytics; Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Bochum Germany
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A combined metabonomic and proteomic approach identifies frontal cortex changes in a chronic phencyclidine rat model in relation to human schizophrenia brain pathology. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013; 38:2532-44. [PMID: 23942359 PMCID: PMC3799075 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Current schizophrenia (SCZ) treatments fail to treat the broad range of manifestations associated with this devastating disorder. Thus, new translational models that reproduce the core pathological features are urgently needed to facilitate novel drug discovery efforts. Here, we report findings from the first comprehensive label-free liquid-mass spectrometry proteomic- and proton nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabonomic profiling of the rat frontal cortex after chronic phencyclidine (PCP) intervention, which induces SCZ-like symptoms. The findings were compared with results from a proteomic profiling of post-mortem prefrontal cortex from SCZ patients and with relevant findings in the literature. Through this approach, we identified proteomic alterations in glutamate-mediated Ca(2+) signaling (Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, PPP3CA, and VISL1), mitochondrial function (GOT2 and PKLR), and cytoskeletal remodeling (ARP3). Metabonomic profiling revealed changes in the levels of glutamate, glutamine, glycine, pyruvate, and the Ca(2+) regulator taurine. Effects on similar pathways were also identified in the prefrontal cortex tissue from human SCZ subjects. The discovery of similar but not identical proteomic and metabonomic alterations in the chronic PCP rat model and human brain indicates that this model recapitulates only some of the molecular alterations of the disease. This knowledge may be helpful in understanding mechanisms underlying psychosis, which, in turn, can facilitate improved therapy and drug discovery for SCZ and other psychiatric diseases. Most importantly, these molecular findings suggest that the combined use of multiple models may be required for more effective translation to studies of human SCZ.
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Sun L, Li J, Zhou K, Zhang M, Yang J, Li Y, Ji B, Zhang Z, Zhu H, Yang L, He G, Gao L, Wei Z, Wang K, Han X, Liu W, Tan L, Yu Y, He L, Wan C. Metabolomic analysis reveals metabolic disturbance in the cortex and hippocampus of subchronic MK-801 treated rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60598. [PMID: 23577129 PMCID: PMC3618452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although a number of proteins and genes relevant to schizophrenia have been identified in recent years, few are known about the exact metabolic pathway involved in this disease. Our previous proteomic study has revealed the energy metabolism abnormality in subchronic MK-801 treated rat, a well-established animal model for schizophrenia. This prompted us to further investigate metabolite levels in the same rat model to better delineate the metabolism dysfunctions and provide insights into the pathology of schizophrenia. Methods Metabolomics, a high-throughput investigatory strategy developed in recent years, can offer comprehensive metabolite-level insights that complement protein and genetic findings. In this study, we employed a nondestructive metabolomic approach (1H-MAS-NMR) to investigate the metabolic traits in cortex and hippocampus of MK-801 treated rats. Multivariate statistics and ingenuity pathways analyses (IPA) were applied in data processing. The result was further integrated with our previous proteomic findings by IPA analysis to obtain a systematic view on our observations. Results Clear distinctions between the MK-801 treated group and the control group in both cortex and hippocampus were found by OPLS-DA models (with R2X = 0.441, Q2Y = 0.413 and R2X = 0.698, Q2Y = 0.677, respectively). The change of a series of metabolites accounted for the separation, such as glutamate, glutamine, citrate and succinate. Most of these metabolites fell in a pathway characterized by down-regulated glutamate synthesis and disturbed Krebs cycle. IPA analysis further confirmed the involvement of energy metabolism abnormality induced by MK-801 treatment. Conclusions Our metabolomics findings reveal systematic changes in pathways of glutamate metabolism and Krebs cycle in the MK-801 treated rats’ cortex and hippocampus, which confirmed and improved our previous proteomic observation and served as a valuable reference to the etiology research of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Sun
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- East China Normal University, Department of Physics, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- CSIRO Animal, Food and Health Sciences, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kejun Zhou
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinglei Yang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baohu Ji
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lun Yang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linghan Gao
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyun Wei
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kejian Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Han
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Mental Health, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Liu
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Mental Health, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liwen Tan
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Mental Health, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yihua Yu
- East China Normal University, Department of Physics, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (YY); (LH); (CW)
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (YY); (LH); (CW)
| | - Chunling Wan
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (YY); (LH); (CW)
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Hong S, Chen X, Jin L, Xiong M. Canonical correlation analysis for RNA-seq co-expression networks. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:e95. [PMID: 23460206 PMCID: PMC3632131 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Digital transcriptome analysis by next-generation sequencing discovers substantial mRNA variants. Variation in gene expression underlies many biological processes and holds a key to unravelling mechanism of common diseases. However, the current methods for construction of co-expression networks using overall gene expression are originally designed for microarray expression data, and they overlook a large number of variations in gene expressions. To use information on exon, genomic positional level and allele-specific expressions, we develop novel component-based methods, single and bivariate canonical correlation analysis, for construction of co-expression networks with RNA-seq data. To evaluate the performance of our methods for co-expression network inference with RNA-seq data, they are applied to lung squamous cell cancer expression data from TCGA database and our bipolar disorder and schizophrenia RNA-seq study. The preliminary results demonstrate that the co-expression networks constructed by canonical correlation analysis and RNA-seq data provide rich genetic and molecular information to gain insight into biological processes and disease mechanism. Our new methods substantially outperform the current statistical methods for co-expression network construction with microarray expression data or RNA-seq data based on overall gene expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Cao N, Yao ZX. Oligodendrocyte N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor signaling: insights into its functions. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 47:845-56. [PMID: 23345133 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8408-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Myelination by oligodendrocytes facilitates rapid nerve conduction. Loss of oligodendrocytes and failure of myelination lead to nerve degeneration and numerous demyelinating white matter diseases. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, which are key regulators on neuron survival and functions, have been recently identified to express in oligodendrocytes, especially in the myelin sheath. NMDA receptor signaling in oligodendrocytes plays crucial roles in energy metabolism and myelination. In the present review, we highlight the subcellular location-specific impairment of excessive NMDA receptor signaling on oligodendrocyte energy metabolism in soma and myelin, and the mechanisms including Ca(2+) overload, acidotoxicity, mitochondria dysfunction, and impairment of respiratory chains. Conversely, physiological NMDA receptor signaling regulates differentiation and migration of oligodendrocytes. How can we use above knowledge to treat excitotoxic oligodendrocyte loss, congenital myelination deficiency, or postnatal demyelination? A thorough understanding of NMDA receptor signaling-mediated cellular events in oligodendrocytes at the pathophysiological level will no doubt aid in exploring effective therapeutic strategies for demyelinating white matter diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Cao
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Khanna R, Wilson SM, Brittain JM, Weimer J, Sultana R, Butterfield A, Hensley K. Opening Pandora's jar: a primer on the putative roles of CRMP2 in a panoply of neurodegenerative, sensory and motor neuron, and central disorders. FUTURE NEUROLOGY 2012; 7:749-771. [PMID: 23308041 DOI: 10.2217/fnl.12.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
CRMP2, also known as DPYSL2/DRP2, Unc-33, Ulip or TUC2, is a cytosolic phosphoprotein that mediates axon/dendrite specification and axonal growth. Mapping the CRMP2 interactome has revealed previously unappreciated functions subserved by this protein. Together with its canonical roles in neurite growth and retraction and kinesin-dependent axonal transport, it is now known that CRMP2 interacts with numerous binding partners to affect microtubule dynamics; protein endocytosis and vesicular cycling, synaptic assembly, calcium channel regulation and neurotransmitter release. CRMP2 signaling is regulated by post-translational modifications, including glycosylation, oxidation, proteolysis and phosphorylation; the latter being a fulcrum of CRMP2 functions. Here, the putative roles of CRMP2 in a panoply of neurodegenerative, sensory and motor neuron, and central disorders are discussed and evidence is presented for therapeutic strategies targeting CRMP2 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Khanna
- Program in Medical Neurosciences, Paul & Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA ; Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA ; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA ; Sophia Therapeutics LLC, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Rünker AE, O'Tuathaigh C, Dunleavy M, Morris DW, Little GE, Corvin AP, Gill M, Henshall DC, Waddington JL, Mitchell KJ. Mutation of Semaphorin-6A disrupts limbic and cortical connectivity and models neurodevelopmental psychopathology. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26488. [PMID: 22132072 PMCID: PMC3221675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism are characterised by cellular disorganisation and dysconnectivity across the brain and can be caused by mutations in genes that control neurodevelopmental processes. To examine how neurodevelopmental defects can affect brain function and behaviour, we have comprehensively investigated the consequences of mutation of one such gene, Semaphorin-6A, on cellular organisation, axonal projection patterns, behaviour and physiology in mice. These analyses reveal a spectrum of widespread but subtle anatomical defects in Sema6A mutants, notably in limbic and cortical cellular organisation, lamination and connectivity. These mutants display concomitant alterations in the electroencephalogram and hyper-exploratory behaviour, which are characteristic of models of psychosis and reversible by the antipsychotic clozapine. They also show altered social interaction and deficits in object recognition and working memory. Mice with mutations in Sema6A or the interacting genes may thus represent a highly informative model for how neurodevelopmental defects can lead to anatomical dysconnectivity, resulting, either directly or through reactive mechanisms, in dysfunction at the level of neuronal networks with associated behavioural phenotypes of relevance to psychiatric disorders. The biological data presented here also make these genes plausible candidates to explain human linkage findings for schizophrenia and autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette E. Rünker
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colm O'Tuathaigh
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Dunleavy
- Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Derek W. Morris
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Graham E. Little
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aiden P. Corvin
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Gill
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David C. Henshall
- Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John L. Waddington
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kevin J. Mitchell
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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